专题04 从句-2021年高考真题和模拟题英语分项汇编（解析版）

2021年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编

专题04 从句（名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句）

一、2021年高考真题

1.（2021年1月天津卷）We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.

A．unless   B．once   C．whether   D．because

【答案】C

【解析】考查状语从句连接词词义辨析。句意：无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。A.unless除非；B.once 一旦；C.whether无论；是否；D.because 因为。分析句子，该空需要一个连词引导让步状语从句，根据句意及后面的or ，需要表示“无论是…还是…”，whether符合题意。故选C项。

2. （2021年1月天津卷）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.

A．from which   B．in which   C．with whom   D．for whom

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知，past mistakes为现行词，_____ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句，从句中谓语动词can learn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learn from“从……中学习”，可知应用from which引导定语从句。故选A。

3. （2021年1月天津卷）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.

A．where B．which C．that D．when

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands 作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。故选A。

4. （2021年全国乙卷短文改错）I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.

【答案】 whatever→whenever

【解析】考查连词。句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时打扫我自己的卧室。根据句意可知，此处表达“有必要时我也会打扫自己的卧室”，所以用whenever(无论何时)引导让步状语从句。故将whatever改为whenever。

5. (2021年新高考全国1卷语法填空)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song“The Long and Winding Road”. ____56____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are.

【答案】What

【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”。故填What。

二、2020届模拟题

1. （2021·吉林松原市实验高级中学高三月考）The oldest symbols recognizable as Chinese characters are those found on ancient animal bones. These 3000-year-old symbols, jiaguwen, were carved on turtle shells or bones of animals, and can give us insight into 45．ancient Chinese saw the world around them and into their great creativity.

【答案】how

【解析】

考查宾语从句。句意见上一题。根据空格前的介词into可知，此处为宾语从句。在宾语从句中，句子不缺成分，表“如何”含义，所以用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。

2. （2021·内蒙古包头市·高三二模）I'm glad to have received your letter saying that you are interested in China. Now I am writing to sincerely invite you to visit China, where won't let you down.

【答案】where改为which

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：现在我写信真诚地邀请你访问中国，那里不会让你失望。这里含有一个定语从句，China是先行词，指物，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，用which。故将where改为which。

3. （2021·江西萍乡市·高三二模）Breakdancing is a sport   （1）   can be played anytime and anywhere in urban and other environments. It has no previous appearance at the Summer Olympic Games, but was included at the Summer Youth Olympic Games in Buenos Aires in 2018.

“Right from the beginning, our aim was to offer Games that would have an impact and the element of surprise. This is   （2）   we have chosen these four sports to present to the International Olympic Committee.

【答案】（1）which/that    （2）why

【解析】（1）考查定语从句关系代词。句意：霹雳舞是一种可以在城市和其他环境中的任何时间和任何地方进行的运动。该空需要填关系代词that或which引导定语从句修饰先行词sport，指代先行词sport在从句中作主语。故填that/which。

（2）考查表语从句。句意：这就是我们选择这四个项目向国际奥委会展示的原因。根据空前This is可知，该空需要填表语从句的连接词。主句主语this指代前面 to offer Games that would have an impact and the element of surprise，是后面选择这四个项目加入奥运会的原因，应用why引导。故填why。

4. （2021·黑龙江大庆市·高三二模）In the movie, Brahm digs into the principles and values in this Chinese cultural legacy (遗产),       dates from thousands of years but keeps its enormous influence and attraction to this day.

【答案】which

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在电影中，Brahm深入挖掘了这一中国文化遗产的原则和价值，它可以追溯到几千年，但至今仍保持着巨大的影响和吸引力。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，Chinese cultural legacy作先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，由关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。

5. （2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中高三三模）One fall, Emiily and I went camping in a forest. As we cooked dinner, a bear playing in a nearby lake smelled our garlic bread. The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, where was surrounded by a high wire fence.

【答案】where改为which

【解析】考查定语从句。句意同上。分析可知，此处指营地被高高的铁丝网围着。先行词为camp，在定语从句中作主语，故where改为which。