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延边州2022—2023学年度第一学期期末学业质量检测
高一英语
考试时间：7:20-9:20 总分：120分
本试卷共10页，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman give the man?
A. A pencil. B. A pen. C. A notebook.
2. What does the man dislike about the house?
A. The living room. B. The bathroom. C. The kitchen.
3. What will the man do on the weekend?
A. Have a rest. B. Do some work. C. Go skiing.
4. What is the woman nervous about?
A. Writing a speech. B. Taking an exam. C. Giving a talk.
5. What time is it now?
A. 5:00 p.m. B. 5:30 p.m. C. 7:30 p.m.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the man feel about history?
A. It’s boring. B. It’s useless. C. It’s interesting.
7. Why does the woman want an afternoon class?
A. She can’t wake up in the morning.
B. She’s not free in the morning.
C. She dislikes morning classes.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where are the speakers probably?
A. In a shop. B. In a museum. C. In a gallery.
9. What are the speakers looking at?
A. A painting. B. A photo. C. A figure.
10. How old is the woman?
A. 65. B. 70. C. 75.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers. B. Family members. C. Salesman and customer.
12. What will the man probably do during his lunch break?
A. Go out to eat. B. Meet with Janet. C. Do some work.
13. What will the speakers eat for lunch?
A. Chinese food. B. Fruits and snacks. C. Pizza.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the man like to do in his free time?
A. Learn science. B. Research artists. C. Do some painting.
15. How does the man describe Vincent van Gogh’s life?
A. It was difficult. B. It was long. C. It was successful.
16. What do we know about van Gogh’s paintings now according to the conversation?
A. They are priceless. B. They are abstract. C. They are brightly colored.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. The effects of natural disasters.
B. The causes of global warming.
C. The growing risks of natural disasters.
18. What is affected by global warming according to the speaker?
A. Earthquakes. B. Volcanic activities. C. Storms.
19. Why might we see more serious wildfires?
A. Because of more large plants.
B. Because of higher temperatures.
C. Because of human beings.
20. How should we face natural disasters according to the talk?
A. By trying to predict them. B. By making plans for them. C. By keeping away from them.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Booking a vacation has never been more convenient, for VME has everything you need to book an unforgettable getaway. If you aren’t sure where to go, check out our most popular destinations:
● Nashville
Nashville is the capital of the state as well as the capital of country music. There are many amazing activities to enjoy in Nashville. For country music lovers, there truly is nothing better than watching a show at the legendary Grand Ole Opry.
● Pigeon Forge & Gatlinburg
Home to the Great Smoky Mountains, the Pigeon Forge & Gatlinburg area of Tennessee is a must-see. This beautiful region is filled with natural wonders and amazing dinner shows such as Dolly Parton’s Stampede Dinner Show, Hatfield and McCoy Dinner Show, and the Smoky Mountain Alpine Coaster.
● Myrtle Beach
If coastal views and oceanic adventures are just what you want, then Myrtle Beach is the place for you! This city is known for its great beaches and adventures that offer up unique opportunities to create the most unforgettable memories.
● San Antonio
Home to rich Texan and American history, San Antonio is a great place to visit for a combination of history and modern attractions.
Whether you want to get in some thrills at SeaWorld or see the shops, restaurants and entertainment of the Riverwalk, your trip to San Antonio will be a blast (狂欢).
1. What will one enjoy in Nashville?
A. Amazing dinner shows. B. Modern attractions.
C. Great beaches and adventures. D. Country music shows.
2. Which destination will attract people who enjoy history?
A. Nashville. B. Myrtle Beach.
C. San Antonio. D. Pigeon Forge & Gatlinburg.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. An encyclopedia. B. A travel brochure.
C. A newspaper. D. A research paper.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四处风格各异旅游景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据● Nashville中的“Nashville is the capital of the state as well as the capital of country music. (那什维尔是该州的首府，也是乡村音乐之都。)”可知，在纳什维尔能享受到乡村音乐表演。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据● San Antonio中的“Home to rich Texan and American history, San Antonio is a great place to visit for a combination of history and modern attractions. (圣安东尼奥拥有丰富的德克萨斯和美国历史，是一个历史和现代景点相结合的好地方。)”可知，圣安东尼奥会吸引喜欢历史的人。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If you aren’t sure where to go, check out our most popular destinations:(如果你不确定去哪里旅行，不妨查看一下我们最受欢迎的目的地。)”并结合后文对四个景点的介绍可知，该文章主要介绍了一些旅游景点，可能出现在旅游手册上。故选B。
B
The excitement of the FIFA World Cup in Qatar is truly ongoing. It’s the world’s biggest international soccer tournament(比赛)and also the most-watched sporting event in the world. There are 32 teams competing for championship. The tournament of 2022 looks to be particularly unique. What makes it different from the ones before?
For starters, it’s the first time the tournament has been held in the Middle East after Qatar beat other host competitors − the US, South Korea, Japan and Australia back in 2010. It’s also the first time in history the tournament has happened during the Northern Hemisphere(北半球)winter months, from Nov 20 to Dec 18.
That’s because Qatar is a desert country, and in summer the temperature can be as high as 42 ℃. That’s too hot to play outdoor sports. But it will still be pretty warm in winter. The temperature in the stadium is expected to be around 20 ℃ to 30 ℃. Air conditioning will help to keep it cooler.
Qatar is also the smallest nation by area hosting the cup. They play the first match of the tournament, facing Ecuador. It’s Qatar’s first-ever FIFV World Cup game. This makes them the first to perform their debut(首秀)game since Italy in 1934!
There are some new challenges for many players too. Apart from the hot weather, for European teams like England, France, Germany and Spain, it’s only just over a year since their last big international tournament, the UEFA Champions League.
According to FIFA’s rankings, the favorites to win the tournament this year are Brazil, followed by Argentina and France. Do you know who has had the last laugh?
4. What can we learn about FIFA World Cup?
A. It is held every year.
B. It is the biggest international football tournament.
C. It is disliked by countries in the Middle East.
D. It is the most-watched sporting event only in Qatar.
5. How many countries took part in the host competition in 2010?
A. 32. B. 4. C. 5. D. 3.
6. What makes this year’s FIFA World Cup unique?
A. It is the first time it has been held in Asia.
B. It is the first time Qatar and Italy have had a debut game.
C. It is the first time the players have met no problems.
D. It is the first time it has happened from November to December.
7. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. The FIFA World Cup B. Qatar’s Unique World Cup
C. The Popularity of FIFA D. The Development of Football
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了卡塔尔世界杯为什么如此与众不同，卡塔尔的地理位置以及国家面积大小等都使这届世界杯非常独特。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The excitement of the FIFA World Cup in Qatar is truly ongoing. It’s the world’s biggest international soccer tournament(比赛)and also the most-watched sporting event in the world. (在卡塔尔举行的国际足联世界杯令人兴奋不已。它是世界上最大的国际足球锦标赛，也是世界上收视率最高的体育赛事。)”可知，世界杯是世界上最大的国际足球锦标赛。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“For starters, it’s the first time the tournament has been held in the Middle East after Qatar beat other host competitors − the US, South Korea, Japan and Australia back in 2010. (首先，这是卡塔尔在2010年击败美国、韩国、日本和澳大利亚之后，这项赛事首次在中东举行。)”可知，卡塔尔是击败了美国、韩国、日本和澳大利亚才取得的世界杯举办权。所以在2010年一共是五个国家争夺世界杯举办权。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’s also the first time in history the tournament has happened during the Northern Hemisphere(北半球)winter months, from Nov 20 to Dec 18.(这也是历史上第一次在北半球冬季举行的比赛，从11月20日到12月18日。)”可知，卡塔尔世界杯是历史上首次世界杯在11月到12月之间举办。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The tournament of 2022 looks to be particularly unique. What makes it different from the ones before? (2022年的世界杯看起来很特别。它和之前的有什么不同？)”以及第二段“For starters, it’s the first time the tournament has been held in the Middle East after Qatar beat other host competitors − the US, South Korea, Japan and Australia back in 2010. (首先，这是卡塔尔在2010年击败美国、韩国、日本和澳大利亚之后，这项赛事首次在中东举行。)”以及第四段“Qatar is also the smallest nation by area hosting the cup. (卡塔尔也是主办国中面积最小的国家。)”可知，本文主要介绍了卡塔尔世界杯的独特之处。故选B。
C
Santiago has visited Machu Picchu many times and knows the best time to arrive. This is before the first train of the day arrives from Ollantaytambo. We boarded our bus and headed up the mountain! As we climbed and climbed, it was easy to imagine how the Spanish failed to discover Machu Picchu during their travels up and down along the Urubamba River far below. The site sits over 7,000 feet high on a mountain top and plants hide it from view.
In the early 1900s, the site was not as much rediscovered as it was made famous by Hiram Bingham, an explorer who was looking for the hidden city of the Incas. In fact, local farmers were using part of Machu Picchu to grow food at the time. No one knows for sure what Machu Picchu was used for or when and why the site was abandoned(遗弃). These questions will likely never be answered. However, what is known for sure is that it was an amazing creation!
As we entered Machu Picchu, we had an opportunity to take the famous “postcard picture” thanks to Santiago. There wasn’t one question that he did not have an answer for. He seemed very conscious(有意识的)of our limited time and wanted to make sure we got the most out of our visit. We had a chance to visit an ancient drawbridge(开合桥). This tested my fear of heights as the drop-off at some points was close to 2,000 feet straight down. In fact, the trail became too dangerous to go any further so we made our way back to the main site and had plenty of time to take great photos there.
After Santiago was satisfied we had seen much as we could, we took the bus back to Aguas Calientes.
8. Why did the author mention the Spanish in paragraph 1?
A To show that Machu Picchu was difficult to find.
B. To describe how Machu Picchu was damaged.
C. To discuss how valuable Machu Picchu is.
D. To explain why Machu Picchu is attractive.
9. How does the author describe Machu Picchu?
A. It was well protected by local people.
B. It was not as good as she expected.
C. It was hidden by the Incas.
D. It was a great human creation.
10. When the author stood on the drawbridge, she was probably ________.
A. tired B. fearful C. excited D. surprised
11. What can we infer about Santiago?
A. He lives in Machu Picchu. B. He knows Machu Picchu well.
C. He comes from Spain. D. He is a local farmer.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者等人去Machu Picchu遗址的经历。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As we climbed and climbed, it was easy to imagine how the Spanish failed to discover Machu Picchu during their travels up and down along the Urubamba River far below. The site sits over 7,000 feet high on a mountain top and plants hide it from view.(当我们爬啊爬，很容易想象西班牙人在沿着乌鲁班巴河上下旅行时是如何未能发现Machu Picchu。该遗址位于海拔超过7000英尺的山顶上，植物将其隐藏起来。)”可知，作者提到西班牙人是为了说明Machu Picchu很难被发现。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“No one knows for sure what Machu Picchu was used for or when and why the site was abandoned(遗弃). These questions will likely never be answered. However, what is known for sure is that it was an amazing creation!(没有人确切知道Machu Picchu用于什么或何时以及为什么地方被遗弃。这些问题可能永远都得不到答案。然而，可以肯定的是，这是一个惊人的创造！)”可知，作者认为Machu Picchu是个惊人的创造。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“We had a chance to visit an ancient drawbridge(开合桥). This tested my fear of heights as the drop-off at some points was close to 2,000 feet straight down.”(我们有机会参观了一座古老的开合桥。这考验了我的恐高症，因为在某些地方，直线下降的高度接近2000英尺。)”可知，当作者经过开合桥的时候内心是害怕的。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Santiago has visited Machu Picchu many times and knows the best time to arrive.( Santiago去过Machu Picchu很多次，他知道到达Machu Picchu的最佳时间。)”、第三段“As we entered Machu Picchu, we had an opportunity to take the famous “postcard picture” thanks to Santiago. There wasn’t one question that he did not have an answer for.(当我们进入Machu Picchu时，我们有机会拍下了著名的“明信片照片”，这要感谢Santiago。没有一个问题是他没有答案的。)”可知，Santiago对Machu Picchu非常熟悉和了解。故选B。
D
“Welcome to our new ‘classroom’!” said Chen Dong, one of the three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV mission.
They were giving a science class 400 kilometers above Earth on Oct 12. It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station, but the first one from the Wentian lab module(实验舱) since its launch in July. The former two classes were held in the Tianhe core module(核心舱).
What does the new “classroom” look like? Chen, together with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, showed us around. “The beds in the Tianhe module are placed horizontally(横着), while our beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astronauts in the Wentian lab module need to sleep standing up! But as Liu explained, people don’t feel any difference because there’s no gravity(重力)in space. Astronauts can even sleep on the ceiling(天花板)or upside down!
The astronauts also showed their “space farm”, where lettuce, wheat, thale cress(拟南芥)and rice are grown. “Take a picture!” “Send the picture!” Through a voice-controlled camera, Chen already sent a picture of the thale cress to scientists on Earth. Then he used scissors to cut a sample. “I’ll put it into a fridge at -80 ℃ and later give it to scientists on Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study how the environment of space affects the growth of plants.
“We hope in the near future, we can harvest the food grown on our own,” said Chen. “Maybe one day, we can grow food on the moon or even on Mars!”
12. Where were the astronauts giving a science class?
A. In a lab on Earth. B. In the Wentian lab module.
C. In the Tianhe core module. D. In Shengzhou XIV.
13. What are the bed in the new “classroom” like?
A. They are placed horizontally. B. They are on the ceiling.
C. They are kept straight. D. They are turned upside down.
14. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. A piece of thale cress. B. A picture.
C. A pack of rice. D. A piece of lettuce.
15. Which word best describes Chen Dong’s attitude to the future of space farming?
A. Doubtful. B. Unconcerned.
C. Hopeful. D. Negative.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了神舟十四号宇航员在太空进行的“天宫课堂”第三课的主要内容等。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station, but the first one from the Wentian lab module(实验舱) since its launch in July.(这是天宫空间站进行的天宫课堂的第三课，但自7月发射以来，这是问天实验舱进行的第一次。)”可知，宇航员们是在问天实验舱里进行太空授课的。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段““The beds in the Tianhe module are placed horizontally(横着), while our beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astronauts in the Wentian lab module need to sleep standing up! (“天河舱的床是横着放置的，而我们的床是直立的，”刘洋说。这意味着“问天”实验舱的宇航员需要站着睡觉！)”可知，问天实验舱的床保持直立。故选C。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词的前一句“Through a voice-controlled camera, Chen already sent a picture of the thale cress to scientists on Earth. Then he used scissors to cut a sample.(通过一个声控相机，陈冬已经向地球上的科学家发送了一张塔勒水芹的照片。然后他用剪刀剪了一个样本。)”结合划线句“ “I’ll put it into a fridge at -80 ℃ and later give it to scientists on Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study how the environment of space affects the growth of plants.(陈说:“我会把它放进零下80℃的冰箱里，然后交给地球上的科学家。”科学家们将研究太空环境如何影响植物的生长。)”可知，it代指的是一个塔勒水芹。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We hope in the near future, we can harvest the food grown on our own,” said Chen. “Maybe one day, we can grow food on the moon or even on Mars!”(“我们希望在不久的将来，我们可以收获我们自己种植的食物，”陈冬说。“也许有一天，我们可以在月球甚至火星上种植食物!”)”可知，陈冬对于在太空中种植作物充满希望。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to choose a right major is a must for students who will go to university. But there are some problems. ____16____. Others pick a major and later realize that is not for them and then change their mind. If you are one of those students, do not worry. Here are some suggestions for you.
What are your interests?
Make a list of the things you enjoy outside and inside the classroom. ____17____. Try to choose a major that will keep you the happiest in the long run.
Get advice
Another way to narrow down your choices is to explore the major in greater detail by asking people who are currently in the position you may apply for. You can ask them: How did you get to where you are today? What licenses would be most helpful? ____18____?
____19____
Another source of advice is your school adviser. They regularly help individuals assess(评估)which classes to take and how many credits are involved in each course.
It’s OK to not know
____20____. There are some colleges that give you the opportunity to take a variety of classes before making a decision.
A. Discuss with your parents
B. Do you enjoy what you do
C. Talk to your school adviser
D. What do you think of the life after graduating
E. Then think of majors that relate to your interests
F. It is fine to start college with an undecided major
G. Many students don’t know what major is best for them
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章就如何选择大学专业给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
上文“But there are some problems.(但是有一些问题)”提到选专业时有一些问题，结合下一句“Others pick a major and later realize that is not for them and then change their mind.(还有人选择了一个专业，后来意识到这个专业不适合他们，然后改变了主意)”可知，空处和下文并列，具体描述有哪些问题，G项“很多学生不知道什么专业最适合他们”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Make a list of the things you enjoy outside and inside the classroom.(列出你在教室内外喜欢做的事情)”及下文“Try to choose a major that will keep you the happiest in the long run.(试着选择一个能让你长期快乐的专业)”可知，此处是说先列出自己喜欢的事情，然后根据自己的兴趣选择专业，E项“然后想想你感兴趣的专业”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“How did you get to where you are today? What licenses would be most helpful?(你是如何取得今天的成就的？什么样的证书最有帮助？)”可知，空处和上文并列，是一个问句，B项“你喜欢你做的事情吗？”符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本段中“Another source of advice is your school adviser.(另一个建议来源是你的学校顾问)”可知，本段主要讲述向学校顾问寻求建议，C项“和你的学校顾问交谈”符合语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据本段小标题It’s OK to not know(不知道也是可以的)及下文“There are some colleges that give you the opportunity to take a variety of classes before making a decision.(在做决定之前，有些大学会让你有机会参加各种各样的课程)”可知，上大学不知道选择什么专业也是可以的，在做决定之前，有些大学提供参加各种课程的机会，故F项“刚开始上大学时选择一个尚未确定的专业是可以的”符合语境。故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共四节，满分45分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was 80 years ago when I wrote my first letter to Paul and Renee who lived in France. I was keen on learning languages, so I was ____21____ when my French teacher assigned us pen pals.
It was quite a thing to get a letter from a ____22____ country, so I looked forward to ____23____ their reply. They weren’t particularly good at English, so we were all writing in French, which helped me acquire a good ____24____ of the language.
I decided to go to France on holiday in 1949 to ____25____ them, but Paul was called up by the army, and Renee was away skiing. The family ____26____ me warmly, and I visited several times in the years that followed. The first time I met Renee, she picked me up at the station, and we hit it off straight away.
I never got to meet Paul. Renee ____27____ to me and told me that he had died ____28____ after leaving the army. Renee and I continued writing to each other, and our ____29____ became deeper. We talked about our families, our favorite pastimes and our _____30_____ in life. Renee never married and worked as a nurse for half her life. As I continued to visit, I got to know her whole family, _____31_____ her aunts and uncles, and distant cousins all over France. I was so _____32_____ into their home life that I never felt like a tourist.
I’m 93 now and I _____33_____ write to Renee. She has difficulty writing now, so she phone me to reply. Most people don’t seem to have the time for letters anymore, but it gives me great_____34_____ to write. My correspondence(通信)with Renee has offered me a wider _____35_____of what’s happening outside the UK. More importantly, this is the most enduring friendship I have ever had.
21. A. pleased B. annoyed C. confused D. curious
22. A. industrial B. rich C. foreign D. ancient
23. A. debating B. exchanging C. appreciating D. receiving
24. A. adventure B. knowledge C. effect D. description
25. A. protect B. forgive C. meet D. recognize
26. A. explored B. admired C. helped D. treated
27. A. wrote B. expressed C. turned D. listened
28. A. narrowly B. shortly C. obviously D. extremely
29. A. responsibility B. solution C. friendship D. impression
30. A. legends B. troubles C. protests D. means
31. A. including B. with C. beyond D. about
32. A. chosen B. preferred C. introduced D. welcomed
33. A. rather B. hardly C. still D. never
34. A. pleasure B. confidence C. personality D. power
35. A. youth B. freedom C. goal D. view
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和笔友长达80年的深厚友谊。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很喜欢学习语言，所以当法语老师给我们分配笔友时，我很高兴。A. pleased高兴的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. confused困惑的；D. curious好奇的。根据“I was keen on learning languages,”可知，作者很高兴能够拥有笔友。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：收到来自外国的信是一件很了不起的事情，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。 A. industrial工业的；B. rich富有的；C. foreign外国的；D. ancient古代的。根据“It was 80 years ago when I wrote my first letter to Paul and Renee who lived in France.”可知，笔友是法国的，所以收到的是来自外国的信。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：收到来自外国的信是一件很了不起的事情，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。 A. debating辩论；B. exchanging交换；C. appreciating欣赏；D. receiving收到。根据“It was quite a thing to get a letter from a ____2____ country,”可知，我非常期待着收到笔友的回信。 故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的英语不是特别好，所以我们都用法语写信，这帮助我掌握了很好的语言知识。 A. adventure冒险；B. knowledge知识；C. effect影响；D. description描述。根据“so we were all writing in French,”可知，通过与笔友用法语写信，帮助作者掌握了很好的语言知识。 故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1949年，我决定到法国度假去见他们，但保罗被军队征召入伍，蕾妮外出滑雪去了。 A. protect保护；B. forgive原谅；C. meet见面；D. recognize认出。根据“but Paul was called up by the army, and Renee was away skiing.”可知，在1949年的时候作者决定到法国度假去见笔友。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家人对我很热情，在接下来的几年里，我去了几次。 A. explored探索；B. admired羡慕；C. helped帮助；D. treated对待。根据“and I visited several times in the years that followed.”可知，笔友的家人对待作者很热情。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：蕾妮写信告诉我，他在退伍后不久就去世了。A. wrote写；B. expressed表达；C. turned转身；D. listened听。根据“It was 80 years ago when I wrote my first letter to Paul and Renee who lived in France.”及全文可知，与笔友交流是通过写信。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：蕾妮写信告诉我，他在退伍后不久就去世了。A. narrowly狭窄地；B. shortly立刻；C. obviously明显地；D. extremely非常。根据“after leaving the army.”可知，蕾妮告诉作者，保罗退伍后不久就去世了。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：蕾妮和我继续互相通信，我们的友谊加深了。A. responsibility责任；B. solution解决方法；C. friendship友谊；D. impression印象。根据“We talked about our families, our favorite pastimes and our ____10____ in life.”和“More importantly, this is the most enduring friendship I have ever had.”可知，作者与笔友蕾妮的友谊加深了。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们谈论我们的家庭，我们最喜欢的消遣和我们生活中的烦恼。 A. legends传奇；B. troubles麻烦；C. protests抗议；D. means方法。根据“Renee and I continued writing to each other, and our ____9____ became deeper.”可知，因为两人的友谊加深，所以彼此分享各自的烦恼。 故选B。
【31题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：随着我继续去看她，我认识了她的全家，包括她的叔叔阿姨和远在法国各地的表兄妹。A. including包括；B. with有；C. beyond超出；D. about大约。根据“ As I continued to visit, I got to know her whole family,”可知，作者认识了蕾妮的全家，包括她的叔叔阿姨和远在法国各地的表兄妹。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们非常欢迎我进入他们的家庭生活，我从未觉得自己像个游客。A. chosen选择；B. preferred更喜欢；C. introduced介绍；D. welcomed欢迎。根据“ I never felt like a tourist.”可知，作者受到欢迎。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我现在93岁了，我仍然给蕾妮写信。 A. rather相当；B. hardly几乎不；C. still仍然；D. never从不。根据“She has difficulty writing now, so she phone me to reply.”可知，虽然作者93岁了，作者仍然给蕾妮写信。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数人似乎都没有时间写信了，但写信给我带来了极大的乐趣。A. pleasure愉快；B. confidence信任；C. personality个性；D. power力量。根据“Most people don’t seem to have the time for letters anymore,”和转折词but可知，写信给作者带来了极大的乐趣。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与蕾妮的通信让我对英国以外发生的事情有了更广泛的视野。A. youth年轻；B. freedom自由；C. goal目标；D. view观点；视野。根据“what’s happening outside the UK.”可知，通过通信让作者对英国以外发生的事情有了更广阔的视野。故选D。
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，根据句意在空白处填入单词或短语的正确形式，每空1词，并将完整的单词或短语填到答题卡上。
36 The Aswan Dam project proves that big c________ can lead to great solutions. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】challenges##hallenges
【解析】
【详解】考查可数名词单复数。句意：阿斯旺大坝项目证明，巨大的挑战可以带来伟大的解决方案。根据句意和所给首字母c分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个名词在that从句中作主语，所以应该用名词challenge；因为challenge是可数名词，且前面没有冠词，所以应该用复数形式challenges。故填challenges。
37. A________ compete in Olympic Games for medals and honour for their countries. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】Athletes
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：运动员在奥运会上为他们的国家争夺奖牌和荣誉。句中用名词作主语。名词athlete为可数名词，前无冠词，泛指，所以用复数形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填Athletes。
38. With strong support from the government and the tireless e________ of the people, a new Tangshan was built. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】efforts##fforts
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在唐山人民的大力支持和不懈努力下，一个新唐山建成了。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填名词复数efforts作宾语。故填efforts。
39. Lijiang is a city in Yunnan, China, which is considered as a world-class tourist d________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】destination##estination
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：丽江是中国云南的一个城市，被认为是世界级的旅游目的地。 tourist destination旅游目的地。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填destination。
40. The Chinese writing system helps to ________(鉴赏)China’s culture and history. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】appreciate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：中国的文字系统有助于欣赏中国的文化和历史。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，动词appreciate符合题意，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填appreciate。
41. By being ________(乐观的)about yourself and your body, you will become both happier and healthier. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】positive##optimistic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：通过积极地看待自己和自己的身体，你会变得更快乐、更健康。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，形容词positive/optimistic符合题意，作表语。故填positive/optimistic。
42. Aside from economic development, people are looking forward to ________ ________ (保持平衡)between progress and environmental protection. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. keeping ②. balance
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：除了经济发展，人们还期待在进步和环境保护之间保持平衡。keep balance保持平衡；look forward to doing sth.期望做某事。根据汉语提示及句意，故填keeping balance。
43. Despite the many ________ ________ ________ (起起落落)in life, I’ll be well prepared for university or what else comes in the future. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. ups ②. and ③. downs
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：尽管生活中有许多起起落落，我会为上大学或将来的其他事情做好充分准备。空处作宾语，表示“起起落落”用名词短语ups and downs。故填ups；and；downs。
44. It is important for all of us to ________ ________(做贡献)to protecting cultural heritage sites. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. make ②. contributions
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和不定式。句意：对于我们来说为保护文化遗址做出贡献是重要的。make contributions to“为……做贡献”是固定短语，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填make；contributions。
45. Due to the tsunami, suddenly there was no water and no electricity and people were ________ ________(震惊). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. in ②. shock
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于海啸，突然没有水，没有电，人们都很震惊。空处表示“震惊”，使用固定短语be in shock，故填①in②shock。
46. Chinese tea ________ ________ (追溯) 5,000 years to the story of Emperor Shen Nong—the father of Chinese Medicine and Agriculture. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. dates ②. back
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：中国茶的历史可以追溯到5000年前的神农皇帝——中国医学和农业之父。date back to追溯到。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语为Chinese tea，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填dates back。
47. The chemistry experiment was so amazing that I ________ ________ (集中精力)it throughout the whole class. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. concentrated##focused ②. on
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。句意：化学实验太神奇了，我整节课都在全神贯注地做。根据句意和汉语提示，“集中精力于”可以用固定短语concentrate on或focus on表示，再由主句的时态是一般过去时可知，that从句的时态也应该用一般过去时。故填concentrated on或focused on。
48. The face-down generation refers to the teenagers who ________ ________ ________(沉迷)the screen of a phone. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. are ②. addicted ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和主谓一致。句意：“脸朝下一代”是指沉迷于手机屏幕的青少年。be addicted to“沉迷于……”是固定短语，空处涉及定语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语who指代线性teenagers，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are；addicted；to。
49. The Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb which ________ ________ ________ ________ (组成)several parts took nearly 40 years to build. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. is ②. made ③. up ④. of
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：中国秦始皇的陵墓由几个部分组成，历时近40年才建成。句子在陈述事实，为一般现在时，组成为“be made up of”。主语which指代先行词The Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb，因此which为第三人称单数概念，故填is；made；up；of。
50. Only when we learn to ________ ________ ________ (对……负责) nature can we stop being a threat to our planet. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. be ②. responsible ③. for
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：只有当我们学会对自然负责时，我们才能停止对地球的威胁。根据汉语提示可知，表示“对……负责”应为be responsible for，且位于动词不定式符号to之后，所以应有动词原形。故填①be②responsible③for。
第三节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Human life lasts only a short time, but art and culture last forever. It is our attitude ____51____ the best of human history that makes ____52____ difference. Masterpieces, such as the Great Wall, one of ____53____(creative) wonders of human enterprise, provide a strong symbol of the past from ____54____ we can reflect on the present and future. By studying and protecting them, we will become aware of history and gain ____55____(variety) of cultural knowledge.
【答案】51. to##towards##toward
52. a 53. the most creative
54. which 55. varieties
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保护文化遗产的意义。
【51题详解】
考查介词。句意：正是我们对人类历史上最好的作品的态度产生了影响。attitude to/towards/toward“对……的态度”。故填to/towards/toward。
【52题详解】
考查冠词。句意：正是我们对人类历史上最好的作品的态度产生了影响。make a difference“有影响”。故填a。
【53题详解】
考查最高级。句意：杰作，如长城，人类事业最具创造性的奇迹之一，提供了一个强有力的过去的象征，我们可以从中反思现在和未来。“one of + the+形容词最高级+复数名词”是固定搭配，意为“最……之一”。故填the most creative。
【54题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：杰作，如长城，人类事业最具创造性的奇迹之一，提供了一个强有力的过去的象征，我们可以从中反思现在和未来。句中先行词symbol指物，在定语从句中作介词from的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【55题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：通过研究和保护它们，我们将了解历史，获得各种文化知识。a variety of/varieties of“各种各样的”，故填varieties。
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People have competed in hundreds of different sports for thousands of years. Sports events give us the chance to see many living legends ____56____ have the mental ____57____(strong) to focus ____58____ what is most important. They believe their secret to success is learning from their ____59____(fail). They set ____60____ good example to us not only in how to play sports well but also in how to live life well.
【答案】56. who##that
57. strength
58. on 59. failures
60. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了体育运动的传奇人物的榜样的力量。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：体育赛事让我们有机会看到许多健在的有强大精神力量专注于比赛的传奇人物。此处为定语从句修饰先行词legends，先行词在从句中作主语，指代人，用who/that引导从句。故填who/that。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：体育赛事让我们有机会看到许多健在的有强大精神力量专注于比赛的传奇人物。根据空格前的形容词可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，strength（力量）为不可数名词。故填strength。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：体育赛事让我们有机会看到许多健在的有强大精神力量专注于比赛的传奇人物。focus on为固定短语，意为“专注于”。故填on。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们坚信他们获得成功的秘密是从失败的经历中学习到的。根据空格前的代词 their可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，failure意为“失败的经历”时为可数名词，结合句意应用名词的复数形式。故填failures。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们为我们树立了不仅如何打好比赛，而且如何生活得好的榜样。example为可数名词，此处示泛指一个，good发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
C
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earthquakes are a form of natural disasters. 12 May, 2008 is an unforgettable day ____61____an earthquake hit Wenchuan county. The huge earthquake killed over 80,000 people and left many more injured. The rescue work which ____62____(carry) out by people from all over the country and even abroad made Wenchuan county ____63____(breathe) again. The government has built beautiful local communities ____64____ people live a new life. It shows to China and the rest of the world again that Chinese have the ____65____(wise) to rebuild for a brighter future.
【答案】61. when
62. was carried
63. breathe
64. where 65. wisdom
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汶川地震和灾后重建情况。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：地震是自然灾害的一种形式。2008年5月12日，汶川发生地震，这是一个难忘的日子。分析句式结构可知，此处定语从句，先行词day指时间，且从句中缺少时间状语，所以用关系副词when来引导。故填when。
【62题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：来自全国各地甚至国外的人们进行的救援工作使汶川县再次呼吸。根据下文的made可知，本句时态是一般过去时，再分析句意可知，carry out和主语the rescue work之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was carried。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句意再根据made可知，此处用省略to的动词不定式做made的宾语补足语。故填breathe。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：政府建立了美丽的当地社区，在那里让人们过上了新的生活。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词communities指物，且从句中缺少地点状语，所以用关系副词where来引导。故填where。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：它再次向中国和世界其他国家表明，中国人有智慧重建一个更光明未来。分析句意再根据空格前的the可知，此处应该用提示词的名词形式。故填wisdom。
第四部分 写作(满分15分)
66. 假定你在浏览校园网时，发现了来自美国的交换生Adam发的帖子。请你阅读他的帖子并回帖。
注意：词数100词左右。
Hey, everybody! I thought I’d blog about my recent favourite, Chinese characters. Last week, I took an art class and began to learn Chinese calligraphy. Teacher said Chinese calligraphy is the high regard for Chinese characters. I become extremely interested. I want to know more, like the history and importance of Chinese characters. Any post?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考例文
Hi! I’ve been studying Chinese calligraphy for a long time. Chinese characters can date back to ancient times, with a history of at least several thousand years. It is generally agreed that Chinese characters began as a simple picture-based language and developed into many varieties. They finally developed in one direction under Emperor Qinshihuang. Chinese characters are of importance in connecting the Chinese people and culture of the present with those of the past, and also act as a strong bridge which links Chinese people no matter where we live or what dialect we speak. Hope it helps!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国的交换生Adam写一个回帖，向他介绍汉字的历史和重要性。
【详解】1.词汇积累
追溯到：date back to →date from
学习：learn → study
开始：begin →start
连接：connect →link
2.句式拓展
句式转换
原句：Last week, I took an art class and began to learn Chinese calligraphy.
拓展句：Last week, I took an art class, where I began to learn Chinese calligraphy.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is generally agreed that Chinese characters began as a simple picture-based language and developed into many varieties.（运用了that引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】Chinese characters are of importance in connecting the Chinese people and culture of the present with those of the past, and also act as a strong bridge which links Chinese people no matter where we live or what dialect we speak.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
延边州2022—2023学年度第一学期期末学业质量检测
高一英语
考试时间：7:20-9:20 总分：120分
本试卷共10页，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman give the man?
A. A pencil. B. A pen. C. A notebook.
2. What does the man dislike about the house?
A. The living room. B. The bathroom. C. The kitchen.
3. What will the man do on the weekend?
A. Have a rest. B. Do some work. C. Go skiing.
4. What is the woman nervous about?
A. Writing a speech. B. Taking an exam. C. Giving a talk.
5. What time is it now?
A. 5:00 p.m. B. 5:30 p.m. C. 7:30 p.m.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the man feel about history?
A. It’s boring. B. It’s useless. C. It’s interesting.
7. Why does the woman want an afternoon class?
A. She can’t wake up in the morning.
B. She’s not free in the morning.
C. She dislikes morning classes.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where are the speakers probably?
A. In a shop. B. In a museum. C. In a gallery.
9. What are the speakers looking at?
A. A painting. B. A photo. C. A figure.
10. How old is the woman?
A. 65. B. 70. C. 75.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers. B. Family members. C. Salesman and customer.
12. What will the man probably do during his lunch break?
A. Go out to eat. B. Meet with Janet. C. Do some work.
13. What will the speakers eat for lunch?
A. Chinese food. B. Fruits and snacks. C. Pizza.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the man like to do in his free time?
A. Learn science. B. Research artists. C. Do some painting.
15. How does the man describe Vincent van Gogh’s life?
A. It was difficult. B. It was long. C. It was successful.
16. What do we know about van Gogh’s paintings now according to the conversation?
A. They are priceless. B. They are abstract. C. They are brightly colored.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. The effects of natural disasters.
B. The causes of global warming.
C. The growing risks of natural disasters.
18. What is affected by global warming according to the speaker?
A. Earthquakes. B. Volcanic activities. C. Storms.
19. Why might we see more serious wildfires?
A. Because of more large plants.
B. Because of higher temperatures.
C. Because of human beings.
20. How should we face natural disasters according to the talk?
A. By trying to predict them. B. By making plans for them. C. By keeping away from them.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Booking a vacation has never been more convenient, for VME has everything you need to book an unforgettable getaway. If you aren’t sure where to go, check out our most popular destinations:
● Nashville
Nashville is the capital of the state as well as the capital of country music. There are many amazing activities to enjoy in Nashville. For country music lovers, there truly is nothing better than watching a show at the legendary Grand Ole Opry.
● Pigeon Forge & Gatlinburg
Home to the Great Smoky Mountains, the Pigeon Forge & Gatlinburg area of Tennessee is a must-see. This beautiful region is filled with natural wonders and amazing dinner shows such as Dolly Parton’s Stampede Dinner Show, Hatfield and McCoy Dinner Show, and the Smoky Mountain Alpine Coaster.
● Myrtle Beach
If coastal views and oceanic adventures are just what you want, then Myrtle Beach is the place for you! This city is known for its great beaches and adventures that offer up unique opportunities to create the most unforgettable memories.
● San Antonio
Home to rich Texan and American history, San Antonio is a great place to visit for a combination of history and modern attractions.
Whether you want to get in some thrills at SeaWorld or see the shops, restaurants and entertainment of the Riverwalk, your trip to San Antonio will be a blast (狂欢).
1. What will one enjoy in Nashville?
A. Amazing dinner shows. B. Modern attractions.
C. Great beaches and adventures. D. Country music shows.
2. Which destination will attract people who enjoy history?
A. Nashville. B. Myrtle Beach.
C. San Antonio. D. Pigeon Forge & Gatlinburg.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. An encyclopedia. B. A travel brochure.
C. A newspaper. D. A research paper.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四处风格各异旅游景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据● Nashville中的“Nashville is the capital of the state as well as the capital of country music. (那什维尔是该州的首府，也是乡村音乐之都。)”可知，在纳什维尔能享受到乡村音乐表演。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据● San Antonio中的“Home to rich Texan and American history, San Antonio is a great place to visit for a combination of history and modern attractions. (圣安东尼奥拥有丰富的德克萨斯和美国历史，是一个历史和现代景点相结合的好地方。)”可知，圣安东尼奥会吸引喜欢历史的人。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If you aren’t sure where to go, check out our most popular destinations:(如果你不确定去哪里旅行，不妨查看一下我们最受欢迎的目的地。)”并结合后文对四个景点的介绍可知，该文章主要介绍了一些旅游景点，可能出现在旅游手册上。故选B。
B
The excitement of the FIFA World Cup in Qatar is truly ongoing. It’s the world’s biggest international soccer tournament(比赛)and also the most-watched sporting event in the world. There are 32 teams competing for championship. The tournament of 2022 looks to be particularly unique. What makes it different from the ones before?
For starters, it’s the first time the tournament has been held in the Middle East after Qatar beat other host competitors − the US, South Korea, Japan and Australia back in 2010. It’s also the first time in history the tournament has happened during the Northern Hemisphere(北半球)winter months, from Nov 20 to Dec 18.
That’s because Qatar is a desert country, and in summer the temperature can be as high as 42 ℃. That’s too hot to play outdoor sports. But it will still be pretty warm in winter. The temperature in the stadium is expected to be around 20 ℃ to 30 ℃. Air conditioning will help to keep it cooler.
Qatar is also the smallest nation by area hosting the cup. They play the first match of the tournament, facing Ecuador. It’s Qatar’s first-ever FIFV World Cup game. This makes them the first to perform their debut(首秀)game since Italy in 1934!
There are some new challenges for many players too. Apart from the hot weather, for European teams like England, France, Germany and Spain, it’s only just over a year since their last big international tournament, the UEFA Champions League.
According to FIFA’s rankings, the favorites to win the tournament this year are Brazil, followed by Argentina and France. Do you know who has had the last laugh?
4. What can we learn about FIFA World Cup?
A. It is held every year.
B. It is the biggest international football tournament.
C. It is disliked by countries in the Middle East.
D. It is the most-watched sporting event only in Qatar.
5. How many countries took part in the host competition in 2010?
A. 32. B. 4. C. 5. D. 3.
6. What makes this year’s FIFA World Cup unique?
A. It is the first time it has been held in Asia.
B. It is the first time Qatar and Italy have had a debut game.
C. It is the first time the players have met no problems.
D. It is the first time it has happened from November to December.
7. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. The FIFA World Cup B. Qatar’s Unique World Cup
C. The Popularity of FIFA D. The Development of Football
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了卡塔尔世界杯为什么如此与众不同，卡塔尔的地理位置以及国家面积大小等都使这届世界杯非常独特。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The excitement of the FIFA World Cup in Qatar is truly ongoing. It’s the world’s biggest international soccer tournament(比赛)and also the most-watched sporting event in the world. (在卡塔尔举行的国际足联世界杯令人兴奋不已。它是世界上最大的国际足球锦标赛，也是世界上收视率最高的体育赛事。)”可知，世界杯是世界上最大的国际足球锦标赛。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“For starters, it’s the first time the tournament has been held in the Middle East after Qatar beat other host competitors − the US, South Korea, Japan and Australia back in 2010. (首先，这是卡塔尔在2010年击败美国、韩国、日本和澳大利亚之后，这项赛事首次在中东举行。)”可知，卡塔尔是击败了美国、韩国、日本和澳大利亚才取得的世界杯举办权。所以在2010年一共是五个国家争夺世界杯举办权。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’s also the first time in history the tournament has happened during the Northern Hemisphere(北半球)winter months, from Nov 20 to Dec 18.(这也是历史上第一次在北半球冬季举行的比赛，从11月20日到12月18日。)”可知，卡塔尔世界杯是历史上首次世界杯在11月到12月之间举办。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The tournament of 2022 looks to be particularly unique. What makes it different from the ones before? (2022年的世界杯看起来很特别。它和之前的有什么不同？)”以及第二段“For starters, it’s the first time the tournament has been held in the Middle East after Qatar beat other host competitors − the US, South Korea, Japan and Australia back in 2010. (首先，这是卡塔尔在2010年击败美国、韩国、日本和澳大利亚之后，这项赛事首次在中东举行。)”以及第四段“Qatar is also the smallest nation by area hosting the cup. (卡塔尔也是主办国中面积最小的国家。)”可知，本文主要介绍了卡塔尔世界杯的独特之处。故选B。
C
Santiago has visited Machu Picchu many times and knows the best time to arrive. This is before the first train of the day arrives from Ollantaytambo. We boarded our bus and headed up the mountain! As we climbed and climbed, it was easy to imagine how the Spanish failed to discover Machu Picchu during their travels up and down along the Urubamba River far below. The site sits over 7,000 feet high on a mountain top and plants hide it from view.
In the early 1900s, the site was not as much rediscovered as it was made famous by Hiram Bingham, an explorer who was looking for the hidden city of the Incas. In fact, local farmers were using part of Machu Picchu to grow food at the time. No one knows for sure what Machu Picchu was used for or when and why the site was abandoned(遗弃). These questions will likely never be answered. However, what is known for sure is that it was an amazing creation!
As we entered Machu Picchu, we had an opportunity to take the famous “postcard picture” thanks to Santiago. There wasn’t one question that he did not have an answer for. He seemed very conscious(有意识的)of our limited time and wanted to make sure we got the most out of our visit. We had a chance to visit an ancient drawbridge(开合桥). This tested my fear of heights as the drop-off at some points was close to 2,000 feet straight down. In fact, the trail became too dangerous to go any further so we made our way back to the main site and had plenty of time to take great photos there.
After Santiago was satisfied we had seen much as we could, we took the bus back to Aguas Calientes.
8. Why did the author mention the Spanish in paragraph 1?
A To show that Machu Picchu was difficult to find.
B. To describe how Machu Picchu was damaged.
C. To discuss how valuable Machu Picchu is.
D. To explain why Machu Picchu is attractive.
9. How does the author describe Machu Picchu?
A. It was well protected by local people.
B. It was not as good as she expected.
C. It was hidden by the Incas.
D. It was a great human creation.
10. When the author stood on the drawbridge, she was probably ________.
A. tired B. fearful C. excited D. surprised
11. What can we infer about Santiago?
A. He lives in Machu Picchu. B. He knows Machu Picchu well.
C. He comes from Spain. D. He is a local farmer.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者等人去Machu Picchu遗址的经历。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As we climbed and climbed, it was easy to imagine how the Spanish failed to discover Machu Picchu during their travels up and down along the Urubamba River far below. The site sits over 7,000 feet high on a mountain top and plants hide it from view.(当我们爬啊爬，很容易想象西班牙人在沿着乌鲁班巴河上下旅行时是如何未能发现Machu Picchu。该遗址位于海拔超过7000英尺的山顶上，植物将其隐藏起来。)”可知，作者提到西班牙人是为了说明Machu Picchu很难被发现。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“No one knows for sure what Machu Picchu was used for or when and why the site was abandoned(遗弃). These questions will likely never be answered. However, what is known for sure is that it was an amazing creation!(没有人确切知道Machu Picchu用于什么或何时以及为什么地方被遗弃。这些问题可能永远都得不到答案。然而，可以肯定的是，这是一个惊人的创造！)”可知，作者认为Machu Picchu是个惊人的创造。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“We had a chance to visit an ancient drawbridge(开合桥). This tested my fear of heights as the drop-off at some points was close to 2,000 feet straight down.”(我们有机会参观了一座古老的开合桥。这考验了我的恐高症，因为在某些地方，直线下降的高度接近2000英尺。)”可知，当作者经过开合桥的时候内心是害怕的。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Santiago has visited Machu Picchu many times and knows the best time to arrive.( Santiago去过Machu Picchu很多次，他知道到达Machu Picchu的最佳时间。)”、第三段“As we entered Machu Picchu, we had an opportunity to take the famous “postcard picture” thanks to Santiago. There wasn’t one question that he did not have an answer for.(当我们进入Machu Picchu时，我们有机会拍下了著名的“明信片照片”，这要感谢Santiago。没有一个问题是他没有答案的。)”可知，Santiago对Machu Picchu非常熟悉和了解。故选B。
D
“Welcome to our new ‘classroom’!” said Chen Dong, one of the three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV mission.
They were giving a science class 400 kilometers above Earth on Oct 12. It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station, but the first one from the Wentian lab module(实验舱) since its launch in July. The former two classes were held in the Tianhe core module(核心舱).
What does the new “classroom” look like? Chen, together with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, showed us around. “The beds in the Tianhe module are placed horizontally(横着), while our beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astronauts in the Wentian lab module need to sleep standing up! But as Liu explained, people don’t feel any difference because there’s no gravity(重力)in space. Astronauts can even sleep on the ceiling(天花板)or upside down!
The astronauts also showed their “space farm”, where lettuce, wheat, thale cress(拟南芥)and rice are grown. “Take a picture!” “Send the picture!” Through a voice-controlled camera, Chen already sent a picture of the thale cress to scientists on Earth. Then he used scissors to cut a sample. “I’ll put it into a fridge at -80 ℃ and later give it to scientists on Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study how the environment of space affects the growth of plants.
“We hope in the near future, we can harvest the food grown on our own,” said Chen. “Maybe one day, we can grow food on the moon or even on Mars!”
12. Where were the astronauts giving a science class?
A. In a lab on Earth. B. In the Wentian lab module.
C. In the Tianhe core module. D. In Shengzhou XIV.
13. What are the bed in the new “classroom” like?
A. They are placed horizontally. B. They are on the ceiling.
C. They are kept straight. D. They are turned upside down.
14. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. A piece of thale cress. B. A picture.
C. A pack of rice. D. A piece of lettuce.
15. Which word best describes Chen Dong’s attitude to the future of space farming?
A. Doubtful. B. Unconcerned.
C. Hopeful. D. Negative.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了神舟十四号宇航员在太空进行的“天宫课堂”第三课的主要内容等。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station, but the first one from the Wentian lab module(实验舱) since its launch in July.(这是天宫空间站进行的天宫课堂的第三课，但自7月发射以来，这是问天实验舱进行的第一次。)”可知，宇航员们是在问天实验舱里进行太空授课的。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段““The beds in the Tianhe module are placed horizontally(横着), while our beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astronauts in the Wentian lab module need to sleep standing up! (“天河舱的床是横着放置的，而我们的床是直立的，”刘洋说。这意味着“问天”实验舱的宇航员需要站着睡觉！)”可知，问天实验舱的床保持直立。故选C。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词的前一句“Through a voice-controlled camera, Chen already sent a picture of the thale cress to scientists on Earth. Then he used scissors to cut a sample.(通过一个声控相机，陈冬已经向地球上的科学家发送了一张塔勒水芹的照片。然后他用剪刀剪了一个样本。)”结合划线句“ “I’ll put it into a fridge at -80 ℃ and later give it to scientists on Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study how the environment of space affects the growth of plants.(陈说:“我会把它放进零下80℃的冰箱里，然后交给地球上的科学家。”科学家们将研究太空环境如何影响植物的生长。)”可知，it代指的是一个塔勒水芹。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We hope in the near future, we can harvest the food grown on our own,” said Chen. “Maybe one day, we can grow food on the moon or even on Mars!”(“我们希望在不久的将来，我们可以收获我们自己种植的食物，”陈冬说。“也许有一天，我们可以在月球甚至火星上种植食物!”)”可知，陈冬对于在太空中种植作物充满希望。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to choose a right major is a must for students who will go to university. But there are some problems. ____16____. Others pick a major and later realize that is not for them and then change their mind. If you are one of those students, do not worry. Here are some suggestions for you.
What are your interests?
Make a list of the things you enjoy outside and inside the classroom. ____17____. Try to choose a major that will keep you the happiest in the long run.
Get advice
Another way to narrow down your choices is to explore the major in greater detail by asking people who are currently in the position you may apply for. You can ask them: How did you get to where you are today? What licenses would be most helpful? ____18____?
____19____
Another source of advice is your school adviser. They regularly help individuals assess(评估)which classes to take and how many credits are involved in each course.
It’s OK to not know
____20____. There are some colleges that give you the opportunity to take a variety of classes before making a decision.
A. Discuss with your parents
B. Do you enjoy what you do
C. Talk to your school adviser
D. What do you think of the life after graduating
E. Then think of majors that relate to your interests
F. It is fine to start college with an undecided major
G. Many students don’t know what major is best for them
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章就如何选择大学专业给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
上文“But there are some problems.(但是有一些问题)”提到选专业时有一些问题，结合下一句“Others pick a major and later realize that is not for them and then change their mind.(还有人选择了一个专业，后来意识到这个专业不适合他们，然后改变了主意)”可知，空处和下文并列，具体描述有哪些问题，G项“很多学生不知道什么专业最适合他们”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Make a list of the things you enjoy outside and inside the classroom.(列出你在教室内外喜欢做的事情)”及下文“Try to choose a major that will keep you the happiest in the long run.(试着选择一个能让你长期快乐的专业)”可知，此处是说先列出自己喜欢的事情，然后根据自己的兴趣选择专业，E项“然后想想你感兴趣的专业”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“How did you get to where you are today? What licenses would be most helpful?(你是如何取得今天的成就的？什么样的证书最有帮助？)”可知，空处和上文并列，是一个问句，B项“你喜欢你做的事情吗？”符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本段中“Another source of advice is your school adviser.(另一个建议来源是你的学校顾问)”可知，本段主要讲述向学校顾问寻求建议，C项“和你的学校顾问交谈”符合语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据本段小标题It’s OK to not know(不知道也是可以的)及下文“There are some colleges that give you the opportunity to take a variety of classes before making a decision.(在做决定之前，有些大学会让你有机会参加各种各样的课程)”可知，上大学不知道选择什么专业也是可以的，在做决定之前，有些大学提供参加各种课程的机会，故F项“刚开始上大学时选择一个尚未确定的专业是可以的”符合语境。故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共四节，满分45分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was 80 years ago when I wrote my first letter to Paul and Renee who lived in France. I was keen on learning languages, so I was ____21____ when my French teacher assigned us pen pals.
It was quite a thing to get a letter from a ____22____ country, so I looked forward to ____23____ their reply. They weren’t particularly good at English, so we were all writing in French, which helped me acquire a good ____24____ of the language.
I decided to go to France on holiday in 1949 to ____25____ them, but Paul was called up by the army, and Renee was away skiing. The family ____26____ me warmly, and I visited several times in the years that followed. The first time I met Renee, she picked me up at the station, and we hit it off straight away.
I never got to meet Paul. Renee ____27____ to me and told me that he had died ____28____ after leaving the army. Renee and I continued writing to each other, and our ____29____ became deeper. We talked about our families, our favorite pastimes and our _____30_____ in life. Renee never married and worked as a nurse for half her life. As I continued to visit, I got to know her whole family, _____31_____ her aunts and uncles, and distant cousins all over France. I was so _____32_____ into their home life that I never felt like a tourist.
I’m 93 now and I _____33_____ write to Renee. She has difficulty writing now, so she phone me to reply. Most people don’t seem to have the time for letters anymore, but it gives me great_____34_____ to write. My correspondence(通信)with Renee has offered me a wider _____35_____of what’s happening outside the UK. More importantly, this is the most enduring friendship I have ever had.
21. A. pleased B. annoyed C. confused D. curious
22. A. industrial B. rich C. foreign D. ancient
23. A. debating B. exchanging C. appreciating D. receiving
24. A. adventure B. knowledge C. effect D. description
25. A. protect B. forgive C. meet D. recognize
26. A. explored B. admired C. helped D. treated
27. A. wrote B. expressed C. turned D. listened
28. A. narrowly B. shortly C. obviously D. extremely
29. A. responsibility B. solution C. friendship D. impression
30. A. legends B. troubles C. protests D. means
31. A. including B. with C. beyond D. about
32. A. chosen B. preferred C. introduced D. welcomed
33. A. rather B. hardly C. still D. never
34. A. pleasure B. confidence C. personality D. power
35. A. youth B. freedom C. goal D. view
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和笔友长达80年的深厚友谊。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很喜欢学习语言，所以当法语老师给我们分配笔友时，我很高兴。A. pleased高兴的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. confused困惑的；D. curious好奇的。根据“I was keen on learning languages,”可知，作者很高兴能够拥有笔友。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：收到来自外国的信是一件很了不起的事情，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。 A. industrial工业的；B. rich富有的；C. foreign外国的；D. ancient古代的。根据“It was 80 years ago when I wrote my first letter to Paul and Renee who lived in France.”可知，笔友是法国的，所以收到的是来自外国的信。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：收到来自外国的信是一件很了不起的事情，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。 A. debating辩论；B. exchanging交换；C. appreciating欣赏；D. receiving收到。根据“It was quite a thing to get a letter from a ____2____ country,”可知，我非常期待着收到笔友的回信。 故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的英语不是特别好，所以我们都用法语写信，这帮助我掌握了很好的语言知识。 A. adventure冒险；B. knowledge知识；C. effect影响；D. description描述。根据“so we were all writing in French,”可知，通过与笔友用法语写信，帮助作者掌握了很好的语言知识。 故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1949年，我决定到法国度假去见他们，但保罗被军队征召入伍，蕾妮外出滑雪去了。 A. protect保护；B. forgive原谅；C. meet见面；D. recognize认出。根据“but Paul was called up by the army, and Renee was away skiing.”可知，在1949年的时候作者决定到法国度假去见笔友。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家人对我很热情，在接下来的几年里，我去了几次。 A. explored探索；B. admired羡慕；C. helped帮助；D. treated对待。根据“and I visited several times in the years that followed.”可知，笔友的家人对待作者很热情。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：蕾妮写信告诉我，他在退伍后不久就去世了。A. wrote写；B. expressed表达；C. turned转身；D. listened听。根据“It was 80 years ago when I wrote my first letter to Paul and Renee who lived in France.”及全文可知，与笔友交流是通过写信。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：蕾妮写信告诉我，他在退伍后不久就去世了。A. narrowly狭窄地；B. shortly立刻；C. obviously明显地；D. extremely非常。根据“after leaving the army.”可知，蕾妮告诉作者，保罗退伍后不久就去世了。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：蕾妮和我继续互相通信，我们的友谊加深了。A. responsibility责任；B. solution解决方法；C. friendship友谊；D. impression印象。根据“We talked about our families, our favorite pastimes and our ____10____ in life.”和“More importantly, this is the most enduring friendship I have ever had.”可知，作者与笔友蕾妮的友谊加深了。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们谈论我们的家庭，我们最喜欢的消遣和我们生活中的烦恼。 A. legends传奇；B. troubles麻烦；C. protests抗议；D. means方法。根据“Renee and I continued writing to each other, and our ____9____ became deeper.”可知，因为两人的友谊加深，所以彼此分享各自的烦恼。 故选B。
【31题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：随着我继续去看她，我认识了她的全家，包括她的叔叔阿姨和远在法国各地的表兄妹。A. including包括；B. with有；C. beyond超出；D. about大约。根据“ As I continued to visit, I got to know her whole family,”可知，作者认识了蕾妮的全家，包括她的叔叔阿姨和远在法国各地的表兄妹。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们非常欢迎我进入他们的家庭生活，我从未觉得自己像个游客。A. chosen选择；B. preferred更喜欢；C. introduced介绍；D. welcomed欢迎。根据“ I never felt like a tourist.”可知，作者受到欢迎。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我现在93岁了，我仍然给蕾妮写信。 A. rather相当；B. hardly几乎不；C. still仍然；D. never从不。根据“She has difficulty writing now, so she phone me to reply.”可知，虽然作者93岁了，作者仍然给蕾妮写信。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数人似乎都没有时间写信了，但写信给我带来了极大的乐趣。A. pleasure愉快；B. confidence信任；C. personality个性；D. power力量。根据“Most people don’t seem to have the time for letters anymore,”和转折词but可知，写信给作者带来了极大的乐趣。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与蕾妮的通信让我对英国以外发生的事情有了更广泛的视野。A. youth年轻；B. freedom自由；C. goal目标；D. view观点；视野。根据“what’s happening outside the UK.”可知，通过通信让作者对英国以外发生的事情有了更广阔的视野。故选D。
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，根据句意在空白处填入单词或短语的正确形式，每空1词，并将完整的单词或短语填到答题卡上。
36 The Aswan Dam project proves that big c________ can lead to great solutions. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】challenges##hallenges
【解析】
【详解】考查可数名词单复数。句意：阿斯旺大坝项目证明，巨大的挑战可以带来伟大的解决方案。根据句意和所给首字母c分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个名词在that从句中作主语，所以应该用名词challenge；因为challenge是可数名词，且前面没有冠词，所以应该用复数形式challenges。故填challenges。
37. A________ compete in Olympic Games for medals and honour for their countries. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】Athletes
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：运动员在奥运会上为他们的国家争夺奖牌和荣誉。句中用名词作主语。名词athlete为可数名词，前无冠词，泛指，所以用复数形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填Athletes。
38. With strong support from the government and the tireless e________ of the people, a new Tangshan was built. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】efforts##fforts
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在唐山人民的大力支持和不懈努力下，一个新唐山建成了。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填名词复数efforts作宾语。故填efforts。
39. Lijiang is a city in Yunnan, China, which is considered as a world-class tourist d________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】destination##estination
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：丽江是中国云南的一个城市，被认为是世界级的旅游目的地。 tourist destination旅游目的地。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填destination。
40. The Chinese writing system helps to ________(鉴赏)China’s culture and history. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】appreciate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：中国的文字系统有助于欣赏中国的文化和历史。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，动词appreciate符合题意，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填appreciate。
41. By being ________(乐观的)about yourself and your body, you will become both happier and healthier. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】positive##optimistic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：通过积极地看待自己和自己的身体，你会变得更快乐、更健康。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，形容词positive/optimistic符合题意，作表语。故填positive/optimistic。
42. Aside from economic development, people are looking forward to ________ ________ (保持平衡)between progress and environmental protection. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. keeping ②. balance
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：除了经济发展，人们还期待在进步和环境保护之间保持平衡。keep balance保持平衡；look forward to doing sth.期望做某事。根据汉语提示及句意，故填keeping balance。
43. Despite the many ________ ________ ________ (起起落落)in life, I’ll be well prepared for university or what else comes in the future. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. ups ②. and ③. downs
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：尽管生活中有许多起起落落，我会为上大学或将来的其他事情做好充分准备。空处作宾语，表示“起起落落”用名词短语ups and downs。故填ups；and；downs。
44. It is important for all of us to ________ ________(做贡献)to protecting cultural heritage sites. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. make ②. contributions
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和不定式。句意：对于我们来说为保护文化遗址做出贡献是重要的。make contributions to“为……做贡献”是固定短语，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填make；contributions。
45. Due to the tsunami, suddenly there was no water and no electricity and people were ________ ________(震惊). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. in ②. shock
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于海啸，突然没有水，没有电，人们都很震惊。空处表示“震惊”，使用固定短语be in shock，故填①in②shock。
46. Chinese tea ________ ________ (追溯) 5,000 years to the story of Emperor Shen Nong—the father of Chinese Medicine and Agriculture. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. dates ②. back
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：中国茶的历史可以追溯到5000年前的神农皇帝——中国医学和农业之父。date back to追溯到。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语为Chinese tea，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填dates back。
47. The chemistry experiment was so amazing that I ________ ________ (集中精力)it throughout the whole class. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. concentrated##focused ②. on
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。句意：化学实验太神奇了，我整节课都在全神贯注地做。根据句意和汉语提示，“集中精力于”可以用固定短语concentrate on或focus on表示，再由主句的时态是一般过去时可知，that从句的时态也应该用一般过去时。故填concentrated on或focused on。
48. The face-down generation refers to the teenagers who ________ ________ ________(沉迷)the screen of a phone. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. are ②. addicted ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和主谓一致。句意：“脸朝下一代”是指沉迷于手机屏幕的青少年。be addicted to“沉迷于……”是固定短语，空处涉及定语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语who指代线性teenagers，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are；addicted；to。
49. The Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb which ________ ________ ________ ________ (组成)several parts took nearly 40 years to build. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. is ②. made ③. up ④. of
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：中国秦始皇的陵墓由几个部分组成，历时近40年才建成。句子在陈述事实，为一般现在时，组成为“be made up of”。主语which指代先行词The Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb，因此which为第三人称单数概念，故填is；made；up；of。
50. Only when we learn to ________ ________ ________ (对……负责) nature can we stop being a threat to our planet. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. be ②. responsible ③. for
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：只有当我们学会对自然负责时，我们才能停止对地球的威胁。根据汉语提示可知，表示“对……负责”应为be responsible for，且位于动词不定式符号to之后，所以应有动词原形。故填①be②responsible③for。
第三节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Human life lasts only a short time, but art and culture last forever. It is our attitude ____51____ the best of human history that makes ____52____ difference. Masterpieces, such as the Great Wall, one of ____53____(creative) wonders of human enterprise, provide a strong symbol of the past from ____54____ we can reflect on the present and future. By studying and protecting them, we will become aware of history and gain ____55____(variety) of cultural knowledge.
【答案】51. to##towards##toward
52. a 53. the most creative
54. which 55. varieties
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保护文化遗产的意义。
【51题详解】
考查介词。句意：正是我们对人类历史上最好的作品的态度产生了影响。attitude to/towards/toward“对……的态度”。故填to/towards/toward。
【52题详解】
考查冠词。句意：正是我们对人类历史上最好的作品的态度产生了影响。make a difference“有影响”。故填a。
【53题详解】
考查最高级。句意：杰作，如长城，人类事业最具创造性的奇迹之一，提供了一个强有力的过去的象征，我们可以从中反思现在和未来。“one of + the+形容词最高级+复数名词”是固定搭配，意为“最……之一”。故填the most creative。
【54题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：杰作，如长城，人类事业最具创造性的奇迹之一，提供了一个强有力的过去的象征，我们可以从中反思现在和未来。句中先行词symbol指物，在定语从句中作介词from的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【55题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：通过研究和保护它们，我们将了解历史，获得各种文化知识。a variety of/varieties of“各种各样的”，故填varieties。
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People have competed in hundreds of different sports for thousands of years. Sports events give us the chance to see many living legends ____56____ have the mental ____57____(strong) to focus ____58____ what is most important. They believe their secret to success is learning from their ____59____(fail). They set ____60____ good example to us not only in how to play sports well but also in how to live life well.
【答案】56. who##that
57. strength
58. on 59. failures
60. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了体育运动的传奇人物的榜样的力量。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：体育赛事让我们有机会看到许多健在的有强大精神力量专注于比赛的传奇人物。此处为定语从句修饰先行词legends，先行词在从句中作主语，指代人，用who/that引导从句。故填who/that。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：体育赛事让我们有机会看到许多健在的有强大精神力量专注于比赛的传奇人物。根据空格前的形容词可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，strength（力量）为不可数名词。故填strength。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：体育赛事让我们有机会看到许多健在的有强大精神力量专注于比赛的传奇人物。focus on为固定短语，意为“专注于”。故填on。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们坚信他们获得成功的秘密是从失败的经历中学习到的。根据空格前的代词 their可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，failure意为“失败的经历”时为可数名词，结合句意应用名词的复数形式。故填failures。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们为我们树立了不仅如何打好比赛，而且如何生活得好的榜样。example为可数名词，此处示泛指一个，good发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
C
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earthquakes are a form of natural disasters. 12 May, 2008 is an unforgettable day ____61____an earthquake hit Wenchuan county. The huge earthquake killed over 80,000 people and left many more injured. The rescue work which ____62____(carry) out by people from all over the country and even abroad made Wenchuan county ____63____(breathe) again. The government has built beautiful local communities ____64____ people live a new life. It shows to China and the rest of the world again that Chinese have the ____65____(wise) to rebuild for a brighter future.
【答案】61. when
62. was carried
63. breathe
64. where 65. wisdom
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汶川地震和灾后重建情况。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：地震是自然灾害的一种形式。2008年5月12日，汶川发生地震，这是一个难忘的日子。分析句式结构可知，此处定语从句，先行词day指时间，且从句中缺少时间状语，所以用关系副词when来引导。故填when。
【62题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：来自全国各地甚至国外的人们进行的救援工作使汶川县再次呼吸。根据下文的made可知，本句时态是一般过去时，再分析句意可知，carry out和主语the rescue work之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was carried。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句意再根据made可知，此处用省略to的动词不定式做made的宾语补足语。故填breathe。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：政府建立了美丽的当地社区，在那里让人们过上了新的生活。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词communities指物，且从句中缺少地点状语，所以用关系副词where来引导。故填where。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：它再次向中国和世界其他国家表明，中国人有智慧重建一个更光明未来。分析句意再根据空格前的the可知，此处应该用提示词的名词形式。故填wisdom。
第四部分 写作(满分15分)
66. 假定你在浏览校园网时，发现了来自美国的交换生Adam发的帖子。请你阅读他的帖子并回帖。
注意：词数100词左右。
Hey, everybody! I thought I’d blog about my recent favourite, Chinese characters. Last week, I took an art class and began to learn Chinese calligraphy. Teacher said Chinese calligraphy is the high regard for Chinese characters. I become extremely interested. I want to know more, like the history and importance of Chinese characters. Any post?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考例文
Hi! I’ve been studying Chinese calligraphy for a long time. Chinese characters can date back to ancient times, with a history of at least several thousand years. It is generally agreed that Chinese characters began as a simple picture-based language and developed into many varieties. They finally developed in one direction under Emperor Qinshihuang. Chinese characters are of importance in connecting the Chinese people and culture of the present with those of the past, and also act as a strong bridge which links Chinese people no matter where we live or what dialect we speak. Hope it helps!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国的交换生Adam写一个回帖，向他介绍汉字的历史和重要性。
【详解】1.词汇积累
追溯到：date back to →date from
学习：learn → study
开始：begin →start
连接：connect →link
2.句式拓展
句式转换
原句：Last week, I took an art class and began to learn Chinese calligraphy.
拓展句：Last week, I took an art class, where I began to learn Chinese calligraphy.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is generally agreed that Chinese characters began as a simple picture-based language and developed into many varieties.（运用了that引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】Chinese characters are of importance in connecting the Chinese people and culture of the present with those of the past, and also act as a strong bridge which links Chinese people no matter where we live or what dialect we speak.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
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