2022-2023学年北京市西城高三二模英语试题含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年北京市西城高三二模英语试题含答案，共27页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

西城区高三模拟测试试卷
英语
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One of the best feelings is knowing that I have made a(n) ___1___ impact on another person’s life.
During my freshman year, I got my first real job at Dunkin’ Donuts. I quickly became aware that customers’ ___2___ was important, so I tried to provide the best service that I could. I still remember one customer vividly, an elderly gentleman named Frank. He came in every Sunday afternoon and ordered a medium coffee with two old-fashioned donuts. Immediately after I saw him pull into the parking lot, I ___3___ his order, having it ready by the time he walked in. If I had no other work to do, I sat and talked with him. We learned a lot about each other. I could not help feeling sorry for him because his wife had recently passed away.
After a year of working every weekend, I eventually decided to leave and turned in my two-week notice. The most difficult part of ___4___ was not telling my boss, but informing Frank. I felt like I was ___5___ him. When I finally brought it up, he ___6___ replied, “Oh, that’s too bad. I’m sure that the staff will miss you.” I began to think that our visits held no real importance to him, and that he would be just as ___7___ enjoying his food alone. ___8___, on my last day, Frank came in with a card that simply read, “Your kindness during the time we have spent together is heartwarming. You had no ___9___ to speak a word to me, let alone show a real interest in our conversations. Few things have brought me more pleasure than our weekly visits. Thank you.”
A amount of _____10_____ I received for such minor efforts is mind-blowing. Giving up my weekends for a year was a small price to pay to grasp the remarkable effects of kindness.
1. A. obvious B. simple C. immediate D. positive
2. A. condition B. appearance C. satisfaction D. behavior
3. A. took B. prepared C. followed D. accepted
4. A. quitting B. agreeing C. remembering D. serving
5. A. embarrassing B. ignoring C. cheating D. abandoning
6. A. firmly B. calmly C. angrily D. sadly
7. A. confident B. excited C. content D. interested
8. A. Meanwhile B. Therefore C. Moreover D. However
9. A. duty B. right C. excuse D. intention
10. A. admiration B. expectation C. appreciation D. instruction
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者提出了辞职，原本以为未受到重视，后来收到一张卡片，让作者深受感动。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最好的感觉之一是知道我对另一个人的生活产生了积极的影响。A. obvious明显的；B. simple简单的；C. immediate立即的；D. positive积极的。根据上文“the best feelings(最好的感觉)”可推理出空白处应填表示“积极的”含义的形容词，故选D项。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很快意识到客户的满意度很重要，所以我尽力提供最好的服务。A. condition状态；B. appearance外貌；C. satisfaction满意；D. behavior行为。根据下文“I tried to provide the best service that I could(我尽力提供最好的服务)”可知，作者是为了客户的满意度而尽力提供最好的服务，故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我看到他把车开进停车场后，我立即准备好了他的订单，在他走进停车场时就做好了。A. took带走；B. prepared 准备；C. followed跟着；D. accepted接受。根据下文“having it ready by the time he walked in(在他走进停车场时就做好了)”可知，我准备好了他的订单，故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：辞职最困难的部分不是告诉老板，而是通知弗兰克。A. quitting辞职；B. agreeing同意；C. remembering记得；D. serving服务。根据上文“I eventually decided to leave (我最终决定离开)”可知作者要辞职，故选A项。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我要离他而去。A. embarrassing使尴尬；B. ignoring忽视；C. cheating欺骗；D. abandoning抛弃。根据上文“The most difficult part of quitting was not telling my boss, but informing Frank(辞职最困难的部分不是告诉老板，而是通知弗兰克)”可知，作者要辞职了，他感到自己要离开弗兰克而去，感到难以开口，故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我终于提起这件事时，他平静地回答：“哦，太糟糕了。我相信工作人员会想念你的。”A. firmly坚定地；B. calmly镇静地；C. angrily生气地；D. sadly悲伤地。根据下文“I began to think that our visits held no real importance to him(我开始认为我们的访问对他来说并不重要)”可知，他对我的辞职并没有表现出异常的情绪，而是很镇静地说了一些客套话，故选B项。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始认为，我们的访问对他来说并不重要，他也会满足于独自享受食物。A. confident自信的；B. excited兴奋的；C. content满足的；D. interested有趣的。根据上文“I began to think that our visits held no real importance to him(我开始认为我们的访问对他来说并不重要)”可知我的辞职并未对他满意地享受食物产生影响，故选C项。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我的最后一天，弗兰克带着一张卡片进来了，上面简短地写着：“我们在一起的这段时间里，你的善意令人暖心。A. Meanwhile在此期间；B. Therefore因此；C. Moreover此外；D. However然而。根据上文“I began to think that our visits held no real importance to him(我开始认为我们的会谈对他来说并不重要)”以及下文“on my last day, Frank came in with a card that simply read, “Your kindness during the time we have spent together is heartwarming.( 在我的最后一天，弗兰克带着一张卡片进来了，上面简短地写着：“我们在一起的这段时间里，你的善意令人暖心)”可知上下文之间为转折关系，使用表示转折关系的副词，故选D项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你没有义务和我说一句话，更不用说对我们的谈话表现出真正的兴趣了。A. duty义务；B. right权利；C. excuse借口；D. intention目的。根据下文“let alone show a real interest in our conversations(更不用说对我们的谈话表现出真正的兴趣了)”可知，此处上下文在礼貌地进行表达，分析四个选项，A项“duty(义务)”表达的含义符合语境，放在句中表达的含义为“你没有义务和我说一句话”，故选A项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：我为这些小小的努力所得到的赞赏令人震惊。A. admiration赞美；B. expectation期待；C. appreciation赞赏；D. instruction指令。根据上文“Few things have brought me more pleasure than our weekly visits. Thank you.( 没有什么比我们每周一次的会谈更让我高兴的了。非常感谢)”可知作者得到的是赞赏，故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Many common things around the house are very useful. For example, warm water can be used for cleaning. When salt is put ____11____ warm water, it can help ease a sore throat. Warm water can also be used to make an orange taste better. The secret is the warmth of the water. The fruit becomes sweeter, ____12____ the warm water lowers its level of sourness. Another example is ____13____ you can try a banana peel when your shoes look dirty. The tannin in the peel works like magic, making your shoes shiny and bright!
【答案】11. into##in
12. because
13. that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。简要列举了家庭中的很多常见物品的用途。
【11题详解】
考查介词。句意：把盐放在温水中，可以帮助缓解喉咙痛。分析句子可知，此处应为固定短语put in/into意为“放入”符合句意。故填in/into。
【12题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：水果变得更甜，因为温水降低了它的酸味。分析句子可知，此处应为连词引导的状语从句，根据句意可知，主句与从句之间为因果关系，此处应为because引导的原因状语从句。故填because
【13题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：另一个例子是，当你的鞋子看起来脏的时候，你可以试试香蕉皮。分析句子客户自，此处应为连词引导的表语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that。故填that。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Not all inventions have been the result of a ____14____ (care) plan. In the 1940s, an American scientist, Percy Spencer, was trying to make a machine, with the hope that it ____15____ (use) radio waves to detect warplanes. One day, after the experiment, Spencer found that a chocolate bar in his pocket had melted. Spencer then placed some corn in front of the machine. Soon, the corn was popping everywhere. Thus, the microwave oven (微波炉) ____16____ (invent) by chance．
【答案】14. careful
15. would use
16. was invented
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了微波炉的发明史。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：并非所有的发明都是精心策划的结果。提示词作定语，修饰名词plan，用形容词careful，意为“谨慎的，周密的”。故填careful。
【15题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：20世纪40年代，美国科学家珀西·斯宾塞试图制造一台机器，希望它能利用无线电波探测战机。提示词是宾语从句中谓语动词，与主语it之间是主动关系；主句是一般过去时态，结合句意，表示希望将要发生的事情，用过去将来时would do。故填would use。
【16题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：因此，微波炉的发明纯属偶然。分析句子可知，invent(发明)是句中谓语动词，与主语the microwave oven之间是被动关系，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式。故填was invented。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A group of large white birds with black faces appear in the sky. There are only about six hundred of them ____17____ (leave) in the world. These beautiful black-faced spoonbills are some of the world’s rarest birds. The birds ____18____ (fly) all the way from their summer home to this wetland, ____19____ they will spend the winter. Now, they circle and land. Many people are crowding by the lake and then begin to shoot them. Is this the end for the spoonbills? No. The people are bird-watchers, ____20____ (shoot) photographs.
【答案】17. left
18. have flown
19. where 20. shooting
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了一群黑脸琵鹭落脚过冬湿地的场景。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：世界上只剩下大约600只。分析句子可知，“(leave) in the world”作后置定语，修饰词组six hundred of them，提示词leave (留下)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语six hundred of them之间是被动关系，应用过去表被动。故填left。
【18题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这些鸟从它们夏天的家一路飞到这片湿地，它们将在这里过冬。分析句子可知，fly (飞)是句中谓语动词，与主语The birds之间是主动关系，结合句意，表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态，复数形式。故填have flown。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些鸟从它们夏天的家一路飞到这片湿地，它们将在这里过冬。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词wetland，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这片湿地”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人们是观鸟者，在拍照。分析句子可知，shoot (拍摄)是非谓语动词，作伴随状语，与其逻辑主语The people之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动。故填shooting。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
TEAN is committed to giving students a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to experience studying abroad in a new and exciting culture We recognize that in many instances additional funding is necessary to make the study abroad experience both affordable and realistic. These scholarships were created as an attempt to help students with the financial commitments required for an international education experience.
TEAN provides numerous scholarships, including an annual full ride scholarship, need-and merit-based scholarships, diversity scholarships, even a photography scholarship, plus others.
TEAN FULL RIDE SCHOLARSHIP
The Education Abroad Network Full Ride Scholarship is designed to give a stand-out student the opportunity to study abroad. The scholarship can be used for any Summer or Fall TEAN program and covers tuition, program fees, orientation and housing.
REQUIREMENTS
Students must have their study abroad office complete the Statement from University form in order to be considered for the scholarship.
Must meet GPA (Grade Point Average) requirement for the individual program that they want to attend.
Must be a university student in the United States.
Students can only apply for the scholarship once per application cycle; applicants should select their top program choice when applying for the scholarship.
Scholarship applications received after the deadline will not be considered.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Will be based on the overall application materials, including a personal essay addressing the following question: “Why have you selected this program? How is it tied to your major?”
Applications will be judged by a panel of TEAN staff members.
Assessment will be based on the following: excellence in academics, active participation in extra-curricular activities, achievement in leadership skills, awareness of the value of international education and the personal essay.
No interview required.
APPLICATION DEADLINE
June 1,2023
21. TEAN can help students ______.
A. travel abroad B. save money for the future
C. experience overseas education D. understand popular foreign culture
22. To get the TEAN Full Ride Scholarship, a student must______.
A. be an American citizen
B. submit an application by June 1,2023
C. fill out the Statement from University form
D. turn in an application twice during an application cycle
23. An applicant going for the full ride scholarship is more likely to be accepted, if______.
A. he performs well academically
B. he does excellently in the interview
C. he chooses a program unrelated to his major
D. he obtains an outstanding recommendation essay
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了TEAN奖学金的详细信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TEAN is committed to giving students a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to experience studying abroad in a new and exciting culture.(TEAN致力于为学生提供一个千载难逢的机会，让他们在一个全新的、令人兴奋的文化中体验出国留学)”可知，TEAN可以帮助学生体验海外教育。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据APPLICATION DEADLINE部分中June 1,2023可知，申请截止日期为2023年6月1日，所以要获得TEAN全额奖学金，学生必须在2023年6月1日前提交申请。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章SELECTION CRITERIA部分中“Assessment will be based on the following: excellence in academics, active participation in extra-curricular activities, achievement in leadership skills, awareness of the value of international education and the personal essay.(评估将基于以下方面：学术成绩优秀、积极参与课外活动、领导能力的成就、对国际教育价值的认识以及个人论文)”可知，申请全额奖学金的申请人在学业上表现很好，更有可能被录取。故选A项。
B
I wrestled her to the ground for the keys, literally. Indeed, when she opened the door to leave the house at 11 pm for the movies despite my words, I actually wrestled my 16-year-old daughter to the ground.
I did not know how to deal with a rebellious (叛逆的) teenager. We are a family of strong wills, from the top down. All my kids had pushed and argued. Everyone “kind of” followed the rules. As they got older, especially when they hit high school, I saw the power shifting, but it hadn’t been so obvious. I had not seen much in-your-face rebellion.
Until this happened.
I called Amy Speidel, a wise and practical parenting expert. She stayed on the phone with me and listened to my wild complaint about my disrespectful kid. She listened for almost two hours and then gave me some suggestions.
Amy told me that my daughter’s behavior was “developmentally appropriate”-she was supposed to test the boundaries. Amy also said that it was great that my daughter would be able to stand up for herself in a relationship that wasn’t working.
Those comments really made me feel awful. I hadn’t considered anything positive about her behavior — but outside of our mother-daughter relationship, I would never want to devalue my daughter’s strong will.
After talking with Amy, I realized that I was the one who needed help understanding discipline vs control. Honestly, I did hate that the responsibility was on me. I wanted permission to scream and punish. But I listened to Amy and here’s what I learned.
1. My daughter’s behavior was normal. That eased my fears that I had raised a terrible human and failed as a mother.
2. My daughter’s strong personality was a strength. That revelation was a huge gift. I value her qualities but don’t want them used against me. I will soften my response and listen to her.
3. I went crazy. In fact, I crossed a line. And that happens. But I learned to apologize and reset so that we could move forward.
My job, therefore, is to learn new responses that offer my daughter options and realistic consequences, not empty threats. And hopefully, this will change my relationship with my daughter.
24. What is the actual reason the author had a fight with her daughter?
A. The daughter wouldn’t give her the keys.
B. The daughter didn’t come back until 11 pm.
C. The daughter insisted on going out late at night.
D. The daughter wanted to go to the movies with friends.
25. The comments made the author feel “awful” because_______.
A. she had helped her daughter to test boundaries
B. she didn’t treasure the mother-daughter relationship
C. she thought Amy was criticizing her daughter’s upbringing
D. she hadn’t noticed the desirable aspects of her daughter’s behavior
26. After the phone call, the author learned that ______.
A. her daughter’s strong character should be softened
B. she should constructively deal with conflict
C. her daughter should control her behavior
D. she should admit her failure as a mother
27. According to Amy, what should the author say if the same situation happens again?
A. “Do you really think you can just walk out the door like that?”
B. “It’s not safe to be out so late. What about tomorrow afternoon?”
C. “It doesn’t matter whether you go out or not. I will support you.”
D. “You have been disrespectful and can’t go out tonight. Is that clear?”
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和自己的女儿发生冲突后，和育儿专家通话后改变原来的处理冲突的方式，希望能改善和女儿的关系。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I wrestled her to the ground for the keys, literally. Indeed, when she opened the door to leave the house at 11 pm for the movies despite my words, I actually wrestled my 16-year-old daughter to the ground. (我因为钥匙把她摔在地上，真的。事实上，当她不顾我的话，在晚上11点开门离开家去看电影时，我把我16岁的女儿摔倒在地)”可知，作者和女儿吵架的真正原因是因为女儿坚持深夜外出。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Those comments really made me feel awful. I hadn’t considered anything positive about her behavior — but outside of our mother-daughter relationship, I would never want to devalue my daughter’s strong will. (那些评论真的让我感觉很糟糕。我没有考虑过她的行为有什么积极的方面——但除了我们母女的关系，我从来不想贬低我女儿坚强的意志)”可知，这些评论让作者感到“糟糕”，是因为作者没有注意到女儿行为中积极的方面，也就是令人满意的方面。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段“After talking with Amy, I realized that I was the one who needed help understanding discipline vs control. Honestly, I did hate that the responsibility was on me. I wanted permission to scream and punish. (在和艾米交谈之后，我意识到我才是那个需要帮助来理解纪律和控制的人。老实说，我确实讨厌责任落在我身上。我想要被允许尖叫和惩罚)”可推知，通过电话，作者了解到她应该建设性地处理冲突，故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“My job, therefore, is to learn new responses that offer my daughter options and realistic consequences, not empty threats. And hopefully, this will change my relationship with my daughter. (因此，我的工作是学习新的回应，为我的女儿提供选择和现实的后果，而不是空洞的威胁。希望这能改变我和女儿的关系)”可推知，在重新处理同样的情况时，作者应该会把深夜离家的后果——不安全告诉女儿，并且让她选择一个其他时间出门。故选B。
C
Laughing together is an important way for people to connect and bond. And though the causes of laughter can vary widely across individuals and groups, the sound of a laugh is usually recognizable between people belonging to different cultures.
But what about animals? Do they “laugh”? And are the causes of animal and human laughter alike? In humans, people may laugh when they hear a joke, or when they see something that they think is funny, though it’s unknown if animals’ intelligence includes what humans would call a sense of humor.
However, many animals produce sounds during play that are unique to that pleasant social interaction. Researchers consider such vocalizations to be similar to human laughter. Recently, scientists investigated play vocalization to see how common it was among animals. The team identified 65 species that “laughed” while playing — most were mammals (哺乳动物), but a few bird species demonstrated playful laughter too. Reports of playful laughter were notably absent in studies describing fish, perhaps because there is some question as to whether or not play exists at all in that animal group. This new study could help scientists to analyze the origins of human laughter.
But how can we identify play? Unlike fighting, play is usually repetitive and happens independently of other social behaviors, said lead study author Sasha Winkler, a doctor of biological anthropology at the University of California. When it comes to identifying it, “you know it when you see it,” Winkler told Live Science. One sign is that primates — our closest relatives — have a “play face” that is similar to the expressions of humans who are playing.
When Winkler previously worked with rhesus macaques, she had noticed that the monkeys panted (喘气) quietly while playing. Many other primates are also known to vocalize during play, she said, so a hypothesis (laughter in humans is thought to have originated during play) supported by the play-related panting laughter of many primate species was put forward.
People now still laugh during play, but we also integrate laughter into language and non-play behaviors, using laughter in diverse ways to express a range of emotions that may be positive or negative. Human laughter notably differs from other animals’ laughter in another important way: its volume. People broadcast their laughter loudly, often as a way of establishing inclusion. By comparison, when most animals laugh, the sound is very quiet — just loud enough to be heard by the laugher’s partner.
“It’s really fascinating that so many animals have a similar function of vocalization during play,” Winkler told Live Science. “But we do have these unique parts of human laughter that are also an important area for future study."
28. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To explain causes of animal and human laughter.
B. To assess complexities regarding animal laughter.
C. To present findings on the existence of animal laughter.
D. To analyze differences between animal and human laughter.
29. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Animal laughter is even noticeable in fish.
B. Animal laughter is hard to recognize during play.
C. People have learned to combine play with laughter.
D. People laugh loudly because they want to involve others.
30. What is probably the focus of future study on laughter?
A. Distinctive features of human laughter.
B. Different functions of animal laughter.
C. The origin and development of human laughter.
D. The relationship between animal laughter and intelligence.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于“动物界存在笑声”相关研究成果。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“But what about animals? Do they “laugh”? And are the causes of animal and human laughter alike?(但是动物呢？他们会“笑”吗？动物和人类笑的原因是一样的吗？)”提出的三个问题、第三段中“Recently, scientists investigated play vocalization to see how common it was among animals. The team identified 65 species that “laughed” while playing — most were mammals (哺乳动物), but a few bird species demonstrated playful laughter too.(最近，科学家们调查了游戏中的发声，看看它在动物中有多普遍。研究小组确定了65种会在玩耍时“笑”的物种——大多数是哺乳动物，但一些鸟类也会笑)”、第五段中“Many other primates are also known to vocalize during play, she said, so a hypothesis (laughter in humans is thought to have originated during play) supported by the play-related panting laughter of many primate species was put forward.(她说，许多其他灵长类动物也会在玩耍时发出声音，因此提出了一种假说(人类的笑声被认为是在玩耍时产生的)，这种假说得到了许多灵长类动物与玩耍有关的喘息笑声的支持)”和最后一段中“‘It’s really fascinating that so many animals have a similar function of vocalization during play,’ Winkler told Live Science.(温克勒告诉《生活科学》杂志说：“这么多动物在玩耍时都有类似的发声功能，这真的很有趣。”)”中给出的相关答案可知，本文是为了展示“动物界存在笑声”相关研究的成果。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中“People broadcast their laughter loudly, often as a way of establishing inclusion.(人们大声传播他们的笑声，这通常是作为一种寻求参与者的方式)”可知，人们大声地笑是为了让其它人参与进来。故选D项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But we do have these unique parts of human laughter that are also an important area for future study.(但我们确实有人类笑声所独有的部分，这也是未来研究的一个重要领域)”可推知，接下来的研究很可能重点关注人类笑声的独特特征。故选A项。
D
Faced with an attempt by a new chatbot to imitate (模仿) his own songs, the musician Nick Cave delivered a strong response: it was “an absolutely horrible attempt”. He understood that AI was in its babyhood, but could only conclude that the true horror might be that “it will forever be in its babyhood”. While a robot might one day be able to create a song, he wrote, it would never grow beyond “a kind of burlesque (滑稽的模仿)”, because robots-being composed of data-are unable to suffer, while songs arise out of suffering.
Fans of Cave and his band will agree that his music is inimitable, but that doesn’t mean they would necessarily be able to tell the difference. A few days before Cave’s remarks, experts were asked to distinguish between four genuine artworks and their AI imitations. Their conclusions were wrong five times out of 12, and they were only unitedly right in one of the four picture comparisons.
These are party games, but they point to an unfolding challenge that must be managed as a matter of urgency because, like it or not, AI art is upon us. The arrival of the human-impersonating ChatGPT might have increased general awareness, but artists across a wide range of disciplines are already exploring its potential, with the dancer Wayne McGregor and London’s Young Vic Theatre among those who have created AI-based works.
A strongly-worded report from Communications and Digital Committee (CDC) issued a wake-up call to the government, urging it to raise its game in educating future generations of tech-savvy professionals, and tackling key regulatory challenges. These included reviewing reforms to intellectual property law, strengthening the rights of performers and artists, and taking action to support the creative sector in adapting to the disturbances caused by swift and stormy technological change.
While developing AI is important, it should not be pursued at all costs, the CDC stressed. It deplored the failure of the Department for Digital, Culture, and Media to offer a defence against proposed changes to intellectual property law that would give copyright exemption (版权豁免) to any work, anywhere in the world, involving AI text and data mining.
The challenges of AI are both philosophical, as Cave suggested, and practical. They will unfold over the short and long term. State-of-the-art creative industries have a key role to play in shaping and exploring the philosophical ones, but they must have the practical help they require to survive and be successful. They need it now.
31. Why does the author mention the four picture comparisons in Paragraph 2?
A. To stress the similarities between AI art and human art.
B. To argue that human art will be replaced by AI art.
C. To prove AI is stretching the boundaries of art.
D. To imply AI art cannot be underestimated.
32. What does the underlined word “deplored” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Clearly analyzed. B. Bravely suffered.
C. Strongly criticized. D. Accurately perceived.
33. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Some artists see AI as a tool even though it is a threat.
B. Creative industries are responsible for causing the AI problem.
C. Tech professionals need more training to better understand AI art.
D. The quality of AI art dismisses concerns about intellectual property.
34. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. The Creative Thief: AI Makes Perfect Art
B. AI in Art: A Battle That Must Be Fought
C. Threat or Opportunity: The Impact of AI on Art
D. The Rise of AI Art: What It Means to Human Artists
【答案】31 D 32. C 33. A 34. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述一些艺术家对人工智能艺术的看法，并指出人工智能艺术一定会面临挑战。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“A few days before Cave’s remarks, experts were asked to distinguish between four genuine artworks and their AI imitations. Their conclusions were wrong five times out of 12, and they were only unitedly right in one of the four picture comparisons. (在凯夫发表讲话前几天，专家们被要求区分四件真正的艺术品和它们的人工智能仿制品。他们的结论在12次中有5次是错误的，而且他们只在四张图片的对比中有一张是完全正确的。)”可推断提到了四幅图片的比较是说明人工智能艺术不可低估，故选D。
32题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“While developing AI is important, it should not be pursued at all costs, the CDC stressed. (CDC强调，虽然开发人工智能很重要，但不应不惜一切代价追求它。)”和画线单词所在句子“It deplored the failure of the Department for Digital, Culture, and Media to offer a defence (它deplored数字、文化和媒体部门未能提供辩护)”可知，开发人工智能很重要，但不应不惜一切代价追求它，这说明CDC对数字、文化和媒体部门未能提供辩护表示批评，故猜测deplored意思是批评，故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“He understood that AI was in its babyhood, but could only conclude that the true horror might be that “it will forever be in its babyhood”. While a robot might one day be able to create a song, he wrote, it would never grow beyond “a kind of burlesque (滑稽的模仿)”, because robots-being composed of data-are unable to suffer, while songs arise out of suffering. (他明白人工智能还处于婴儿期，但他只能得出这样的结论：真正的恐怖可能是“它将永远处于婴儿期”。他写道，也许有一天机器人能够创作一首歌，但它永远不会超越“一种滑稽模仿”，因为机器人是由数据组成的，它们无法忍受痛苦，而歌曲是从痛苦中产生的。)”可推断有些艺术家认为尽管人工智能是一种威胁，但它更是一种工具。故选A。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段“The challenges of AI are both philosophical, as Cave suggested, and practical. They will unfold over the short and long term. State-of-the-art creative industries have a key role to play in shaping and exploring the philosophical ones, but they must have the practical help they require to survive and be successful. They need it now. (正如凯夫所言，人工智能面临的挑战既有哲学层面的，也有实践层面的。它们将在短期和长期内展开。最先进的创意产业在塑造和探索哲学产业方面发挥着关键作用，但它们必须得到生存和成功所需的实际帮助。他们现在就需要。)”可知本文讲述的就是人工智能艺术必定要面临很多挑战，B选项“艺术中的AI：一场必须进行的战斗”符合文章主旨，适合做标题，故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As a doctor, I can give you a lot of useful advice about how to get healthy and stay that way, but you don’t need me to tell you that exercise is good for you. Staying active can benefit the heart, the waistline, even the mind. ____35____ More than 60% of American adults don’t exercise regularly, and many say they don’t exercise at all. More than 72 million are overweight, and almost all of them would like to lose the extra pounds. So, if exercise is such a good idea, why don’t more people do it?
____36____ Even as I write this, I am watching my two-year-old run around in circles. Kids seem to be born in constant motion, but along the way that behavior changes.
The slowdown occurs for most at the beginning of college. Academic pressure and lack of organized sports are certainly part of the problem. A bigger part may be looking at life changes as an occasion to blow up old rules and not create new ones in their place. ____37____ The demands of a new job usually mean less time at the gym. How about a new marriage? How many times have we seen just-married couples looking a lot heavier in first-anniversary photos than they did in the wedding pictures?
____38____ People who set general goals, like “I will exercise in my free time,” did a far worse job of sticking to that plan than did people who made a firm commitment, like “I will walk to my friend’s house and back every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.”
The good news is, there are solutions to all these. We can begin with exercises as simple as remembering to sit straighter or drink enough water. Specific workout plans can turn a general desire to exercise into a firm commitment. ____39____
We may never again have the energy of a two-year-old, but getting back even a little of our early-life energy can make our later lives a whole lot healthier.
A. Being in college is certainly part of the problem.
B. This is especially so when it comes to staying fit.
C. Not having a clearly defined exercise plan can hurt.
D. We often wish to go back to our two-year-old selves.
E. For instance, you can schedule a weekly gym visit with friends.
F. Still, there’s a real disconnect between what we know and what we do.
G. The most puzzling part of our inactive nature is that we don’t start out that way.
【答案】35. F 36. G 37. B 38. C 39. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人们知道运动有益于健康，而人们却不去运动的原因，并提出了如何去运动的建议。
【35题详解】
根据空前的“Staying active can benefit the heart, the waistline, even the mind.(保持活跃对心脏、腰围、甚至思维都有好处。)”可知，人们知道运动有益健康，根据空后“More than 60% of American adults don’t exercise regularly, and many say they don’t exercise at all.(超过60%的美国成年人不经常锻炼，许多人说他们根本不锻炼。)”可知，调查结果发现，美国成年人大多数却不怎么运动甚至根本不运动，由此可猜测，此空处应承上启下的作用，G选项“Still, there’s a real disconnect between what we know and what we do.(尽管如此，我们所知道的和我们所做的之间还是有很大的差距。)”讲述的是人们想的与做的有差距，起到承上启下的作用。故选F项。
【36题详解】
根据空前的“So, if exercise is such a good idea, why don’t more people do it?(那么，如果运动是一个好主意，为什么不让更多的人去做呢?)”可知，既然运动是好想法，为什么却不去做呢，提出问题，引出下文分析原因，根据空后的“Even as I write this, I am watching my two-year-old run around in circles.(就在我写这篇文章的时候，我正看着我两岁的儿子在原地打转。)”可知，小孩子还是很喜欢运动的，G选项“The most puzzling part of our inactive nature is that we don’t start out that way.(我们不活跃的天性中最令人费解的部分是，我们一开始并不是这样的。)”讲述的是我们不运动可不是从一开始就这样，与空后内容吻合。故选G项。
【37题详解】
根据空前的“A bigger part may be looking at life changes as an occasion to blow up old rules and not create new ones in their place.(更大的一部分可能是把生活的变化看作是一个打破旧规则的机会，而不是创造新的规则。)”可知，很大的原因是人们把改变生活看作打破旧规，而不是创建新规，而根据空后“The demands of a new job usually mean less time at the gym.(新工作的要求通常意味着在健身房锻炼的时间更少。)”可知，新工作的要求可能意为着更少锻炼的时间，B选项“This is especially so when it comes to staying fit.(在保持健康方面尤其如此。)”讲述的内容从空前的对改变生活的看法转述到空后的文章谈论的运动与健康的主题中，符合语境。故选B项。
【38题详解】
根据空后的“People who set general goals, like “I will exercise in my free time,” did a far worse job of sticking to that plan than did people who made a firm commitment, like “I will walk to my friend’s house and back every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.”(那些设定一般目标的人，比如“我要在空闲时间锻炼”，在坚持计划方面的表现要比那些做出坚定承诺的人糟糕得多，比如“我每周一、三、五走路去朋友家，然后回家”。)”可知，该段落分析的是人们不运动与没有恰当的运动规划相关，C选项“Not having a clearly defined exercise plan can hurt.(没有一个明确的锻炼计划会带来伤害。)”讲述的内容概括了本段的主题，内容与空后一致。故选C项。
【39题详解】
根据空前的“Specific workout plans can turn a general desire to exercise into a firm commitment.(具体的锻炼计划可以把一般的锻炼愿望变成坚定的承诺。)”可知，具体的锻炼计划能把一个锻炼的想法转换为坚定的承诺，分析语篇可知，此空应为具体的做法，E选项“For instance, you can schedule a weekly gym visit with friends.(例如，你可以安排每周和朋友去一次健身房。)”通过举例来说明空前的具体做法，内容与空前一致，逻辑合理。故选E项。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In the mornings, as I walked from the train station to the office, I planned my day by making a to-do list in my head: the scientific articles I would read, the data sets I would analyze, and-most urgent of all-the insights into human nature that it was my job to discover.
Each evening, I went back to the station, again going through my mental checklist but this time sizing up my performance against the expectations I’d set for myself that morning. Time and again, when comparing my to-do list with my got-done list, I felt disappointed because I had fallen short.
But one day, something very strange happened. During my trip home, without any conscious intent, my thoughts began to shift. Instead of feeling bad about my weaknesses, I said aloud very softly: I’m a nice person. I’m a nice person. I’m a nice person.
By the time I boarded my train, I was done with my little chant-until the next day when I walked home. And again, after counting my failures, I found myself saying quietly: I’m a nice person.
It turns out that there’s a technical term for this practice: values affirmation. And what it boils down to is recognizing, and strengthening, the personal values you hold most dear.
When you affirm a core personal value, you shore up your sense of self-worth. You broaden your outlook: Instead of focusing on your shortfalls, you switch to a wide-angle view that includes your resources and opportunities. And the people who do this are happier, healthier, and more hopeful.
Over time, I made progress in my research and learned a lot about what makes most successful people special, including this: Nobody has passion and determination unless what they do lines up with their values.
Try values affirmation for yourself and teach the practice to your students. Take a moment and think of a value you hold dear, whether it’s kindness, creativity, or gratitude. Whatever it is, name it. And then say to yourself: Come what may, I know who I am. Your values are your foundation and your compass, too. Trust them, and they will lead you home.
40. How did the author feel when she compared her to-do list with her got-done list?
___________________________________________________________________________
41. What is values affirmation?
___________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
People who recognize their shortfalls are happier, healthier, and more
___________________________________________________________________________
43. Apart from speaking out positive words, what else could you do to feel better about yourself? (In about 40 words)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. She felt disappointed.
41. It is recognizing and strengthening the personal values you hold most dear.
42. People who recognize their shortfalls are happier, healthier, and more hopeful.
People who switch to a wide-angle view that includes their resources and opportunities, instead of focusing on their shortfalls, are happier, healthier, and more hopeful.
43. Apart from speaking out positive words, There are something else I could do to feel better about myself, for example, be with the people who often praise me for my outlook, my behaviour and my characters and achieve the goal set before on time, because they will make me become confident about myself.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者从自身经历出发。论述了肯定自我的重要性。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Time and again, when comparing my to-do list with my got-done list, I felt disappointed because I had fallen short.(一次又一次，当我把我的待办事项清单和我的已完成事项清单进行比较时，我感到失望，因为我没有达到目标)”可知，当作者将她的待办事项清单与已完成事项清单进行比较时，她感到很失望。故答案为She felt disappointed.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“It turns out that there’s a technical term for this practice: values affirmation. And what it boils down to is recognizing, and strengthening, the personal values you hold most dear.(事实证明，这种做法有一个专业术语：价值观肯定。归根结底，就是认识并加强你最珍视的个人价值观)”可知，价值观的肯定是指是认识到并加强你最珍视的个人价值观。故答案为It is recognizing and strengthening the personal values you hold most dear.
【42题详解】
考查推理判断。根据文章第六段“When you affirm a core personal value, you shore up your sense of self-worth. You broaden your outlook: Instead of focusing on your shortfalls, you switch to a wide-angle view that includes your resources and opportunities. And the people who do this are happier, healthier, and more hopeful.(当你肯定一个核心的个人价值时，你就支撑了你的自我价值感。你开阔了视野：你不再只关注自己的缺点，而是从更广阔的角度看待自己的资源和机会。这样做的人更快乐，更健康，更有希望)”可知，当人们不再关注自己的不足的时候才会感到更快乐，更健康，更有希望。故答案为People who recognize their shortfalls are happier, healthier, and more hopeful. People who switch to a wide-angle view that includes their resources and opportunities, instead of focusing on their shortfalls, are happier, healthier, and more hopeful.
【43题详解】
开放性试题。本题主要让介绍自己感觉自己更好的方法，可以从很多角度答题，符合常理即可。如经常听到别人的赞美，按时达成目标等都能使人从内到外散发自信。故答案为Apart from speaking out positive words, There are something else I could do to feel better about myself, for example, be with the people who often praise me for my outlook, my behaviour and my characters and achieve the goal set before on time, because they will make me become confident about myself.
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你想做一个问卷调查，了解中英学生在某方面的差异。你打算请英国好友 Jim 答卷，并且请他将问卷转发给他的同学和朋友。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.问卷的目的；
2.问卷的内容。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：调查问卷 questionnaire
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim.
How are you doing? I’m writing to ask if you can help me with a questionnaire.
It is about the reading habits of Chinese and British youth. With so many reading materials accessible via digital devices, I want to know how both groups’ reading habits have changed.
It contains twenty questions concerning reading materials, reading length as well as reading frequency. It also asks about digital devices young people use.
I wonder if you could answer the questions in it. Then, please kindly forward the questionnaire to your classmates and friends. I would appreciate it very much. Please see the attached questionnaire.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一封求助信。要求考生以李华的身份请英国好友 Jim如何对了解中英学生在某方面的差异做一个问卷调查，并请他将问卷转发给他的同学和朋友。
【详解】1.词汇积累
帮助：help→ do sb a favor
许多：many → numerous
想要做某事：want to do sth→ would like to do sth
包括：contain→ involve
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：It contains twenty questions concerning reading materials, reading length as well as reading frequency.
拓展句：It contains twenty questions which are about reading materials, reading length as well as reading frequency.
【点睛】【高分句型1】With so many reading materials accessible via digital devices, I want to know how both groups’ reading habits have changed.（with复合结构结构作状语）
【高分句型2】I wonder if you could answer the questions in it.（if引导的宾语从句）