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2023届四川省遂宁市射洪市普通高考模拟测试英语试题含解析
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这是一份2023届四川省遂宁市射洪市普通高考模拟测试英语试题含解析，共27页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，建议信等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届四川省遂宁市射洪市普通高考模拟测试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Weekend Events for Kids
Fantasy Workshop
Time:Each Saturday 11:30 am~12:30 pm
Age:9+
“My dog ate my homework!” “Monkeys stole my schoolbag!” Have you ever made up such excuses to get out of the homework you just didn’t want to do? This morning, such excuses will become twice as useful as poet Liz Niven shows you how to turn your fantasies into brilliant poetry!
Bookworm Club
Time: Each Saturday 10:00 am~11:15 am
Age:14+
Each Saturday, Marina Lewycka gives a special book talk for young people on her best-selling novel Tractors and Caravans. Hear first-hand experiences of the writing life and get your chance to ask the questions you’ve always wanted on what it’s like to be an author.
Behind Lenses
Time:Each Sunday 10:00 am~11:15 am
Age:5+
Take breakfast with a rabbit, touch the horn of a cow, and survive an angry lion in the wilds. . . They are just the start of great adventures with our wildlife photographer and children’s writer Jan Latta! Come along to hear stories of Jan’s amazing experiences of photographing animals in the wild!
Little Gutenbergs
Time:Each Sunday 11:30 am~12:30 pm
Age:5+
Learn how to construct a book from start to finish using all the tools of the trade with our printing technician Andrea Nichelson, as well as details on how to include secret pages in your books...Fun and totally hands-on, this workshop gives you the chance to learn something totally different.
For more activities, please visit our website. There are more than enough kid-centered events to fill your weekends,with fun!
1．Which event is suitable for poem lovers?
A．Behind Lenses.
B．Little Gutenbergs.
C．Bookworm Club.
D．Fantasy Workshop.
2．Who is the author of Tractors and Caravans?
A．Liz Niven.
B．Jan Latta.
C．Marina Lewycka.
D．Andrea Nichelson.
3．What is special about the last event?
A．It stresses creativity.
B．It is a hands-on program.
C．It focuses on reading.
D．It is a kid-centered activity.
Zibo city in Shandong has unexpectedly become famous on Chinese social media since late February for its local barbecue specialty, and this trend continues as the local government takes the opportunity to promote tourism and spending.
The latest promotion gives visitors free admission to 10 scenic spots in the city with their train tickets as long as their final destination is Zibo. This move followed another on March 31 under which the Jinan bureau of China Railway added a weekend special round-trip “barbecue tour” train between Jinan.
Passengers who get on the train are greeted by a banner reading “Welcome to the Special BBQ Train”at the entrance of the train. Many also took videos and posted them on social media, drawing more visitors.
Barbecue is popular in China, and Zibo’s barbecue has its own local features: it’s made on a stove, and is served with flatbread and dressings. The food is 70-80 percent cooked before it is brought to the table, where diners can finish cooking it on their own stoves. Diners are served with flatbreads, scallions and other dressings at the table so they are able to assemble their own barbecue parcels, in much the same way Peking Duck is eaten.
The barbecue suddenly became famous after a group of college students shot videos of themselves enjoying a meal in Zibo and posted them on social media in late February. Since then, many people, mostly young, have come to the city from all over the country to try the dish.
On several streets, lines can be seen outside barbecue restaurants, which stretch for more than 100 meters on the weekend.
“Zibo barbecue is bringing more and more people to the city, and the local government needs to think about how to promote the city as a whole, its culture and tourism, as well as its living and business environment,” said Sun Xiaorong, an expert of tourism marketing and promotion. The trend will eventually end if the local government doesn’t take proper follow-up measures, he added.
4．What does paragraph 1 mainly talk about?
A．Zibo city’s snacks.
B．Zibo city’s places of interest.
C．The reasons why Zibo is famous recently.
D．The challenges Zibo meets with at present.
5．What can we know about Zibo’s barbecue from paragraph 4?
A．It is usually paired with flatbread and dressings.
B．It is as delicious as Peking Duck.
C．It is totally toasted by the cook on the stove.
D．It is very cheap and various.
6．What made Zibo’s barbecue suddenly well-known?
A．Young people’s dreams.
B．Local government’s measures.
C．Barbecue restaurants in Zibo city.
D．Some college students’ promotion.
7．Which word can describe Sun Xiaorong’s attitude towards the popularity of Zibo barbecue?
A．Objective. B．Negative.
C．Curious D．Doubtful.
My friend never did well in school but always had a sharp eye for beauty. One day I was busy arranging some flowers in a vase but just couldn’t get them to look right. She came along, and with a few skillful waves of her hand, transformed them into a stunning bouquet. When praised for having this amazing ability, she shrugged off the compliment. She simply didn’t view her creativity as anything special.
Too often we underestimate our own talents in this way. Maybe it’s because we’ve become used to believing that only abilities like a high I.Q., a gift for mathematics or a large vocabulary have cognitive (认知的) value. I was fortunate to learn otherwise at a young age.
When I entered high school, a guidance counselor told my mother I wasn’t college material because I had performed miserably on the spelling section of a standardized test. Thankfully my mother recognized my other intellectual (智力的) gifts and stood up for me, insisting I be put into the college-track curriculum. This experience literally defined the course of my life. It showed me how important it is not to accept a label someone else put on me and it allowed me to realize my full potential.
In the early 1980’s, Howard Gardner, a prominent Harvard researcher, pioneered a concept of “multiple intelligences”. In his book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, he suggested that intelligence is not limited to a traditional interpretation but instead includes a wide range of cognitive abilities.
What I love about the multiple intelligences theory is that it allows you to reframe your own abilities and talents, especially those that don’t necessarily fit into neat academic boxes. While it’s true one must meet a basic level of intelligence for achievement, the analytical skills measured by I.Q. do not tell the whole story. This is why we should celebrate all of our talents and abilities. They’re part of what makes your individual brain so wonderful and unique.
8．Whose ability is probably underestimated according to the author?
A．A child who has a large vocabulary.
B．A child who is good at building Lego blocks.
C．A child who has an easy time learning how to multiply.
D．A child who quickly fits into academic learning process.
9．What does “otherwise” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．It suited me well to take college-track courses.
B．Intelligence can be interpreted by various abilities.
C．Spelling ability in a standardized test is of great value.
D．A high I. Q. makes no sense in realizing my full potential.
10．Why did the author mention Howard Gardner’s book?
A．To introduce a new topic. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To recommend the book. D．To support his opinion.
11．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Change Your Cognitive Value.
B．Develop Your Academic Ability.
C．Appreciate Your Multiple Intelligences.
D．Explore the Theory of Multiple Intelligences.
From writing Shakespeare-style poetry to making music, ChatGPT has amazed the world since its launch in late 2022 by the US-based company OpenAI. It even passed several law exams in four courses at the University of Minnesota, US, according to CNN.
The AI program can answer questions on a whole host of topics and write essays, stories and any other written texts you can think of. It does this by drawing on information collected from a large corpus (语料库) of text data.
What makes ChatGPT so impressive? As Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAl said in an interview with Forbes, “it's not actually fundamentally new technology that made this (ChatGPT) have a moment.”
According to MIT Technology Review, ChatGPT is based on GPT-3, a large language model. Because texts are more complicated than the meaning of every word combined, language models require a type of neural network(神经网络) that can make sense of texts.
One breakthrough behind today's model is a network called Transformer, which was invented by Google researchers in 2017. The neural network can infer word meanings by tracking where the word appears in a sentence. Transformer can therefore capture the meaning of texts more accurately.
The GPT models built by OpenAI combined Transformer with unsupervised (无人指导的) learning, meaning that the models can learn by themselves without being told what to look at. ChatGPT can now generate human-like responses instantly due to the large scale of texts it learned from.
“One of the biggest problems with ChatGPT is that it comes back, very confidently, with falsities,” Michael Wooldridge at the Alan Turing Institute in London, UK, told The Guardian. This means that ChatGPT doesn’t know the truth about the world — it learns information from various resources but it cannot decide what is true or false.
Some argue that ChatGPT will be used to generate fake news, spread falsities, or be used for ill purposes. As for education, many US schools recently banned students from using ChatGPT on school networks because students began to use it as a shortcut for essays.
12．How does ChatGPT work?
A．By making complicated texts simpler.
B．By gathering a wide variety of information.
C．By passing several law exams in four courses.
D．By employing its large collection of information.
13．What makes ChatGPT so amazing?
A．A completely new technology.
B．The ability to track the location of a word.
C．The combination of a network and self-learning.
D．Better understanding of the meaning of every word.
14．What does the underlined word “falsities” mean in the last but one paragraph?
A．False information. B．Something new.
C．Various resources. D．Timely responses.
15．Why is ChatGPT forbidden in many us schools?
A．Because a ban on it has recently been passed.
B．Because it provides fake news that will mislead students.
C．Because students use it for the purpose of improving their essays.
D．Because with it, students finish their assignments without thinking.
二、七选五
Good Manners Everyone Should Know
Manners are something used every day to make a good impression on others and to feel good about oneself. So practicing good manners is extremely important. ____16____Good manners will also keep your name on the guest list, add to your friends and boost your confidence, etc. Now let us move on to some good manners a person should possess.
____17____
These three words are taught in the elementary classes to little ones. Truly the three magic words should be included in our daily life more often. The words gain power and relevance from the underlying meaning. In fact, in European countries, people use “sorry” instead of “excuse me”. This makes things even more polite without doing anything extra.
Respecting Elders.
____18____In Chinese culture, younger members of the family have a duty to care for the aging members of the family. And even outside the family unit, Chinese are socialized to show respect to older individuals. In Greek and Greek-American culture, old age is honored and celebrated, and respect for elders is central to the family.
Waiting for Your Turn.
Whether it is for speaking, for playing or standing in bank’s queue, waiting for your turn patiently is a great manner to display.____19____Waiting for your turn in a queue gives out a strong message of self-discipline.
All these good manners make us a good person in the eyes of others and when you are good to others, you are also good for you. You will always benefit from your good manners.____20____
A．Saying “I love you” frequently.
B．Using “Please”, “Sorry” and “thanks”.
C．But as people grow they lose out on this.
D．Most cultures in the world follow this custom.
E．Good manners will always give you positive attention.
F．So wherever you go always follow these basic manners.
G．While in conversation, this also helps one in becoming a better listener.
三、完形填空
It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago. Mr. Leonard ___21___ a little dog going around his camp trying to ___22___ herself.
“Cute, but I’m not giving you any,” Leonard thought. Like all___23___, he had packed just enough for the whole ___24___. He’d been running competitively for three years, and he had a___25___ to win.
The next day, at the starting line, the dog____26____ him again. He waved her away, ___27___ she might be stepped on by the runners. ____28____, the dog followed him all the way until the day’s race ____29____. That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard and even _____30_____ to get a little food from him. By then, he was determined to____31____ her Gobi.
The pair went on to finish the seven-day race, with Gobi _____32_____ a distance of 125km on her own, and winning Leonard over, enough for him to make a ____33____ — he would take her home to Edinburgh. “Seeing Gobi on the race_____34_____ my attitude to things. It made me think more about stopping and helping her, _____35_____ just focusing on winning,” said Leonard, who finished second. “It also made my running more____36____, giving me a lot of pleasure.”
As Leonard was preparing to get Gobi home, she was ____37____. With a group of 20 local volunteers coming to his ____38____, he finally found her. After that, Leonard never let Gobi out of his ____39____. Now Gobi’s favorite activity is still running, and she _____40_____ does at least 8km a day with Leonard up the hills.
21．A．recognized B．adopted C．spotted D．treated
22．A．accommodate B．feed C．water D．entertain
23．A．competitors B．climbers C．explorers D．hikers
24．A．plan B．camp C．day D．course
25．A．chance B．desire C．right D．tendency
26．A．bothered B．stopped C．welcomed D．approached
27．A．confused B．worried C．ashamed D．astonished
28．A．Therefore B．Meanwhile C．However D．Otherwise
29．A．wound up B．got down C．kicked off D．came along
30．A．expected B．afforded C．managed D．begged
31．A．give B．name C．award D．show
32．A．covering B．setting C．keeping D．extending
33．A．difference B．choice C．comment D．decision
34．A．advocated B．changed C．challenged D．acknowledged
35．A．rather than B．but for C．regardless of D．ahead of
36．A．impressive B．meaningful C．enjoyable D．extraordinary
37．A．dead B．sick C．injured D．missing
38．A．rescue B．assistance C．mind D．defense
39．A．sight B．way C．hand D．reach
40．A．gradually B．eventually C．routinely D．occasionally
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the name suggests, Sichuan Hot Pot was born in Sichuan Province,___41___is known for its preference for spicy food. This mouth-burning and tongue-numbing hot pot has been gaining a large amount of attention in recent years all over___42___world.
It is___43___(universal) accepted that the Sichuan Hot Pot dates back to early 20th century. The port workers and fishermen who worked and lived along the Yangtze River could not afford___44___(eat) the regular cuts of meat, so they figured out a way to cook cheap meats and offal (内脏)___45___boiling them in a pot of extremely spicy soup. The use of spicy soup first___46___(intend) to cover the taste from the offal. However, after some___47___(adjust) of fragrant spices, this one pot meal became a popular dish in Sichuan region.
After years of continuous development, eating Sichuan Hot Pot today___48___(be) no longer what the poor like. Offal still remains as classic hot pot ingredients, but both high quality meats___49___seafood ingredients are also common on the menu. The modern hot pot has been shaped into a complex meal that starts with sliced meat, offal, and seafood,____50____(follow) by vegetables and ends with noodles.
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The radio studio in our school needed two announcer. I was excited at the news and decided to apply to the post. At that time, having a good voice, so I felt rather confident. I hold the belief that I was sure to be selected. However, an unfortunate thing happened. I had bad cold before the interview, that made my voice sound horrible. It was a big blow to me. I lost heart complete and felt depressed all day. My friend Lily encouraged myself, saying there would be such opportunities later. But later, buried in my study and had no time to spare, I never became an announcer. Maybe this dream will be realize after I enter the university.
六、建议信
52．假设你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jack要在暑假期间回国，打算为他妈妈准备几个富有中国特色的礼物，特来信向你咨询，请你给他回复一封邮件。内容包括:
1.建议礼物：旗袍和中国结；
2.说明选择礼物的原因；
3.表达祝福。
参考词汇:1.旗袍: cheongsam 2.中国结: Chinese knot
要求：1.词数：100左右；
2.可合理增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个周末创意活动。
1．细节理解题。根据 Fantasy Workshop部分的“This morning, such excuses will become twice as useful as poet Liz Niven shows you how to turn your fantasies into brilliant poetry!(今天早上，当诗人莉兹·尼文告诉你如何把你的幻想变成精彩的诗歌时，这些借口将变得双倍有用!)”可知，该活动适合诗歌爱好者。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Bookworm Club部分的“Each Saturday, Marina Lewycka gives a special book talk for young people on her best-selling novel Tractors and Caravans. (每周六，Marina Lewycka.都会为年轻人举办一场关于她的畅销小说Tractors and Caravans的特别读书讲座)” 可知，Tractors and Caravans的作者是Marina Lewycka。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一部分的“Fun and totally hands-on, this workshop gives you the chance to learn something totally different.(有趣和完全动手，这个研讨会让你有机会学习一些完全不同的东西)”并对比前三个活动可知，最后一个活动的特别之处是动手操作，而前三个活动分别是诗歌创作、小说阅读及听摄影师分享野外摄影的经历，不需要动手。故选B。
4．C 5．A 6．D 7．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了自2月下旬以来，山东淄博市因其当地的特色烧烤意外地在中国社交媒体上走红，随着当地政府抓住机会促进旅游和消费，这一趋势还在继续。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Zibo city in Shandong has unexpectedly become famous on Chinese social media since late February for its local barbecue specialty, and this trend continues as the local government takes the opportunity to promote tourism and spending.”（自2月下旬以来，山东淄博市因其当地的特色烧烤意外地在中国社交媒体上走红，随着当地政府抓住机会促进旅游和消费，这一趋势还在继续）可知，第一段主要讲了淄博最近出名的原因。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“Barbecue is popular in China, and Zibo’s barbecue has its own local features: it’s made on a stove, and is served with flatbread and dressings. The food is 70-80 percent cooked before it is brought to the table, where diners can finish cooking it on their own stoves. Diners are served with flatbreads, scallions and other dressings at the table so they are able to assemble their own barbecue parcels, in much the same way Peking Duck is eaten.”（烧烤在中国很受欢迎，淄博的烧烤有自己的地方特色：在炉子上烤，配上面饼和调料。在上桌之前，食物已经煮了70- 80%，食客可以在自己的炉子上完成烹饪。食客们可以在餐桌上享用大饼、葱花和其他调味料，这样他们就可以自己组装烧烤包，这与吃北京烤鸭的方式大致相同）可知，从第4段我们可以知道淄博烧烤通常与面饼和调味品搭配。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第五段中“The barbecue suddenly became famous after a group of college students shot videos of themselves enjoying a meal in Zibo and posted them on social media in late February.”（今年2月底，一群大学生在淄博拍摄了自己在淄博享用烧烤的视频，并将其上传到社交媒体上，之后淄博烧烤突然走红）可知，一些大学生的推广让淄博的烧烤突然出名。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Zibo barbecue is bringing more and more people to the city, and the local government needs to think about how to promote the city as a whole, its culture and tourism, as well as its living and business environment,” said Sun Xiaorong, an expert of tourism marketing and promotion. The trend will eventually end if the local government doesn’t take proper follow-up measures, he added.”（旅游营销和推广专家孙晓荣表示:“淄博烧烤为这座城市带来了越来越多的人，当地政府需要考虑如何从整体上推广这座城市，包括它的文化和旅游，以及它的生活和商业环境。”他补充说，如果当地政府不采取适当的后续措施，这种趋势最终会结束）可推知，孙晓荣对淄博烧烤的态度是客观的。故选A项。
8．B 9．B 10．B 11．C
【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的亲身经历，表达了自己的观点：虽然一个人智力水平和学术成绩很重要，但这并不能说明一切，我们应该欣赏和赞美我们所拥有的各种天赋和能力，它们是让我们的大脑如此美妙和独特的原因之一。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段“Maybe it’s because we’ve become used to believing that only abilities like a high I.Q., a gift for mathematics or a large vocabulary have cognitive (认知的) value.”（也许这是因为我们已经习惯于相信，只有高智商、数学天赋或大词汇量等能力才具有认知价值。）和第一段的“She simply didn’t view her creativity as anything special.”（她只是不认为自己的创造力有什么特别的。）可知，一个擅长搭乐高积木的孩子并不是我们习惯上认知的在学习方面很有才能的孩子，他有着自己独特的创造力，他的能力很可能被人们低估了。故选B。
9．词句猜测题。根据第三段“It showed me how important it is not to accept a label someone else put on me and it allowed me to realize my full potential.”（它告诉我，不接受别人给我的标签是多么重要，它让我意识到我的全部潜力。）和第四段“In his book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, he suggested that intelligence is not limited to a traditional interpretation but instead includes a wide range of cognitive abilities.”（在他的《思维框架：多元智能理论》一书中，他提出，智能不局限于传统的解释，而是包括广泛的认知能力。）并结合划线词所在句“I was fortunate to learn otherwise at a young age.”（幸运的是，我在很小的时候就学会了otherwise。）可知，作者很小就懂得了智力不是只局限于传统的学习方面的能力，而是可以用各种能力来诠释的。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段“In the early 1980’s, Howard Gardner, a prominent Harvard researcher, pioneered a concept of “multiple intelligences”. ”（20世纪80年代初，哈佛大学著名研究员Howard Gardner率先提出了“多元智能”的概念。）及在书中阐述的“In his book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, he suggested that intelligence is not limited to a traditional interpretation but instead includes a wide range of cognitive abilities.”（在他的《思维框架：多元智能理论》一书中，他提出，智能不局限于传统的解释，而是包括广泛的认知能力。）可知，作者提到Howard Gardener的书是为了阐明“多元智能”的概念。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“What I love about the multiple intelligences theory is that it allows you to reframe your own abilities and talents, especially those that don’t necessarily fit into neat academic boxes. ”（我喜欢多元智能理论的原因是，它可以让你重新构建自己的能力和天赋，尤其是那些不一定符合整齐的学术框架的能力和天赋。）及“This is why we should celebrate all of our talents and abilities. They’re part of what makes your individual brain so wonderful and unique.”（这就是为什么我们应该赞美我们所有的天赋和能力，它们是让你的大脑如此美妙和独特的原因之一。）以及全文内容可知，本文主要表达了我们应该欣赏和赞美所拥有的各种天赋和能力的观点，C项“欣赏你的多元智能”符合文意。故选C。
12．D 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了ChatGPT的工作原理以及带来的负面影响。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It does this by drawing on information collected from a large corpus (语料库) of text data. (它通过利用从大型语料库中收集的信息来实现这一点)”可知，ChatGPT利用其收集的大量信息工作的，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“According to MIT Technology Review, ChatGPT is based on GPT-3, a large language model. Because texts are more complicated than the meaning of every word combined, language models require a type of neural network(神经网络) that can make sense of texts. (根据麻省理工技术评论，ChatGPT基于GPT-3，一种大型语言模型。由于文本比每一个单词的含义都要复杂，所以语言模型需要一种能够理解文本的神经网络)”以及倒数第三段讲到“The GPT models built by OpenAI combined Transformer with unsupervised (无人指导的) learning, meaning that the models can learn by themselves without being told what to look at. (OpenAI构建的GPT模型将Transformer与无监督学习相结合，这意味着模型可以自己学习，而无需被告知要看什么。)”可知，网络和自我学习的结合让ChatGPT如此惊人，故选C。
14．词义猜测题。根据文章划线单词所在段最后一句“This means that ChatGPT doesn’t know the truth about the world — it learns information from various resources but it cannot decide what is true or false. (这意味着ChatGPT不知道世界的真相—它从各种资源中学习信息，但它无法决定什么是真的还是假的。)”可知，划线单词所在句子One of the biggest problems with ChatGPT is that it comes back, very confidently, with falsities的意思是：ChatGPT最大的问题之一是，它很自信地带着谎言回来了。可知最后一段中，带下划线的单词的意思是“虚假信息”，故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一句讲到“As for education, many US schools recently banned students from using ChatGPT on school networks because students began to use it as a shortcut for essays (在教育方面，许多美国学校最近禁止学生在学校网络上使用ChatGPT，因为学生开始使用它作为论文的捷径。)”可知，ChatGPT在许多美国学校被禁止是因为有了它，学生们可以不用思考完成作业，故选D。
16．E 17．B 18．D 19．G 20．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了人们应该具备的一些良好的礼仪。
16．下文“Good manners will also keep your name on the guest list, add to your friends and boost your confidence, etc.(良好的礼仪也会让你的名字留在客人名单上，增加你的朋友，增强你的信心等等)”是描述良好的礼仪带来的好处，根据下文关键词“also”可知，空处也是描述良好的礼仪带来的好处，E项“良好的礼仪会给你带来积极的关注”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据本段中“These three words are taught in the elementary classes to little ones. Truly the three magic words should be included in our daily life more often.(这三个词是小学里教小孩子的。的确，这三个神奇的词应该更经常地出现在我们的日常生活中)”可知，本段是关于三个词语，B项“使用‘请’，‘对不起’和‘谢谢’”符合语境，故选B。
18．根据本段小标题“Respecting Elders.(尊重长辈)”和本段中“In Chinese culture, younger members of the family have a duty to care for the aging members of the family.(在中国文化中，年轻的家庭成员有责任照顾家里的老人)”以及“In Greek and Greek-American culture, old age is honored and celebrated, and respect for elders is central to the family.(在希腊和希腊-美国文化中，老年人受到尊敬和庆祝，尊重老人是家庭的核心)”可知，本段是说中外文化中都有尊重长辈的习俗，D项“世界上大多数文化都遵循这一习俗”符合语境，故选D。
19．上文“Whether it is for speaking, for playing or standing in bank’s queue, waiting for your turn patiently is a great manner to display.(无论是说话、玩耍还是在银行排队，耐心等待是一种很好的表现方式)”提到在谈话中或是玩耍或排队时耐心等待是一种很好的行为，分析选项，G项中的“also”承接上文，进一步描述耐心等待的好处，G项“在谈话中，这也有助于一个人成为一个更好的倾听者”符合语境，G项中的“this”指代上文的“waiting for your turn patiently”，故选G。
20．空处位于文章末尾，是总结上文，结合上文“You will always benefit from your good manners.(你将永远受益于你良好的礼仪)”可知，良好的礼仪使人受益，故要遵循这些礼仪，F项“所以无论你走到哪里，都要遵循这些基本礼仪”符合语境，故选F。
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伦纳德比赛期间与小狗戈壁的相遇的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：伦纳德先生发现一只小狗在他的营地周围走动，试图自己吃东西。A. recognized认可；B. adopted收养；C. spotted发现；D. treated招待。根据后文““Cute, but I’m not giving you any, ” Leonard thought.”可知，伦纳德发现一只小狗。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：伦纳德先生看到一只小狗在他的营地周围走动，试图自己吃东西。A. accommodate适应；B. feed喂；C. water浇；D. entertain娱乐。根据后文“That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard and even____10____ to get a little food from him.”可知，这只狗正在寻食。故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像所有的参赛者一样，他所带的东西刚好够他跑完全程。A. competitors竞争者；B. climbers登山者；C. explorers探险家；D. hikers徒步旅行者。根据后文“He’d been running competitively for three years, and he had a____5____ to win.”可知，伦纳德在参赛，所以是参赛者。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像所有的参赛者一样，他所带的东西刚好够他跑完全程。A. plan计划；B. camp营地；C. day天；D. course过程。根据“It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago.”可知，伦纳德在比赛，食物只能支撑全程。故选D。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他参加跑步比赛已经三年了，他渴望获胜。A. chance机会；B. desire欲望；C. right权利；D. tendency趋势。have a desire to do渴望做某事。根据“He’d been running competitively for three years,”可知，伦纳德参赛很渴望获得胜利。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，在起跑线上，狗再次走近他。A. bothered打扰；B. stopped停止；C. welcomed欢迎；D. approached走进。根据后文“He waved her away”可知，这只狗靠近他。故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他挥手让她走开，担心它会被跑步者踩到。A. confused困惑；B. worried担心；C. ashamed羞愧；D. astonished惊讶。根据“He waved her away”可知，赶走狗是因为担心它会被踩到。故选B。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这只狗一路跟着他，直到那天比赛结束。那天晚上，这只狗依偎在伦纳德身边，甚至还设法从他那里弄到一点食物。A. Therefore因此；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. However然而；D. Otherwise然而。根据后文“the dog followed him all the way until the day’s race ____9____”可知，这只狗并没有离开，和伦纳德想法相悖，所以前后为转折关系。故选C。
29．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，这只狗一路跟着他，直到那天的比赛结束。A. wound up结束；B. got down下来；C. kicked off踢开；D. came along出现。根据“the dog followed him all the way”可知，这只狗是一直跟着伦纳德到比赛结束。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，这只狗依偎在伦纳德身边，甚至还设法从他那里弄到一点食物。A. expected期待；B. afforded支付；C. managed设法；D. begged恳求。manage to do设法做成某事。根据“That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard”可知，狗设法从伦纳德那里弄到一点食物。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时，他已经决定给她取名为戈壁。A. give给；B. name命名；C. award奖励；D. show展示。根据“with Gobi____12____ a distance of 125km on her own,”可知，伦纳德给狗取名为戈壁。故选B。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人继续完成了为期7天的比赛，戈壁独自跑了125公里，赢得了伦纳德的支持，这足以让他做出决定——他将带她回爱丁堡的家。A. covering覆盖，走行走（一段路程）；B. setting设立；C. keeping保持；D. extending扩展。cover a distance of走完（一段路程）。根据“The pair went on to finish the seven-day race,”可知，戈壁走完125公里的路程。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人继续完成了为期7天的比赛，戈壁独自跑了125公里，赢得了伦纳德的支持，这足以让他做出决定——他将带她回爱丁堡的家。A. difference不同；B. choice选择；C. comment评论；D. decision决定。make a decision做决定。根据“he would take her home to Edinburgh.”可知，伦纳德决定将戈壁带回家。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到戈壁在比赛中改变了我对事物的态度。A. advocated提倡；B. changed改变；C. challenged挑战；D. acknowledged承认。根据“It made me think more about stopping and helping her, ____15____ just focusing on winning,”可知，伦纳德改变自己的态度。故选B。
35．考查短语词义辨析。句意：这让我更多地考虑停下来帮助她，而不是只专注于获胜，”伦纳德说，他获得了第二名。A. rather than而不是；B. but for要不是；C. regardless of不管；D. ahead of提前。根据“It made me think more about stopping and helping her,”可知，伦纳德现在而不是只专注于获胜，还考虑帮助戈壁。故选A。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这也让我的跑步更愉快，给了我很多乐趣。A. impressive印象深刻的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. enjoyable愉快的；D. extraordinary非凡的。根据后文“giving me a lot of pleasure”可知，戈壁带给伦纳德的是更愉快。故选C。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当伦纳德准备带戈壁回家时，她不见了。A. dead死亡的；B. sick生病的；C. injured受伤的；D. missing失踪的。根据后文“he finally found her”可知，戈壁只是暂时走失。故选D。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在20名当地志愿者的帮助下，他终于找到了她。A. rescue拯救；B. assistance帮助；C. mind心灵；D. defense防御。根据后文“he finally found her”可知，找到走失的戈壁是在通过当地志愿者的帮助。故选B。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，伦纳德就一直盯着戈壁。A. sight视力；B. way方法；C. hand手；D. reach到达。out of sight看不见；在视野之外。丢失之后，伦纳德从来没有让戈比离开过他的视线。故选A。
40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在戈壁最喜欢的活动仍然是跑步，她每天和伦纳德一起爬山，每天至少跑8公里。A. gradually逐渐地；B. eventually最终；C. routinely日常地；常规地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据前文“Now Gobi’s favorite activity is still running,”可知，伦纳德每天和戈壁爬山。故选C。
41．which 42．the 43．universally 44．to eat 45．by 46．was intended 47．adjustments 48．is 49．and 50．followed
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四川火锅的历史以及它的发展。
41．考查定语从句。句意：顾名思义，四川火锅诞生于以偏爱辛辣食物而闻名的四川省。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Sichuan Province在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
42．考查冠词。句意：近年来，这种烧嘴、麻舌的火锅在世界各地受到了广泛关注。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语all over the world.“全世界”，满足句意要求。故填the。
43．考查副词。句意：人们普遍认为四川火锅的历史可以追溯到20世纪初。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词修饰动词accepted。故填universally。
44．考查动词不定式。句意：在长江沿岸工作和生活的港口工人和渔民买不起普通的肉，所以他们想出了一种方法，把便宜的肉和内脏放在一锅极辣的汤里煮。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语afford to do“支付得起，负担得起”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to eat。
45．考查介词。句意：在长江沿岸工作和生活的港口工人和渔民买不起普通的肉，所以他们想出了一种方法，把便宜的肉和内脏放在一锅极辣的汤里煮。根据句意以及空后boiling动名词可知，此处为介词by表示“通过”，满足句意要求。故填by。
46．考查动词短语和时态。句意：首先使用辣汤是为了掩盖内脏的味道。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be intended to do“打算做某事”，满足句意要求，结合上下文时态可知，此处为动词的一般过去时。故填was intended。
47．考查名词。句意：然而，经过一些香料的调整，这一锅饭成为四川地区的一道受欢迎的菜。由空前some以及空后介词of可知，此处为名词复数形式，和of后的fragrant spices名词短语形成所属关系。故填adjustments。
48．考查动词。句意：经过多年的不断发展，今天吃四川火锅已经不是穷人喜欢吃的了。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合eating为动名词作主语，谓语动词为单数形式，结合today可知，为一般现在时。故填is。
49．考查固定短语。句意：内脏仍然是火锅的经典配料，但高品质的肉类和海鲜配料也在菜单上很常见。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语both…and表示“两者……都”，满足句意要求。故填and。
50．考查非谓语动词。句意：现代火锅已经形成了一种复杂的食物，首先是肉片、内脏和海鲜，然后是蔬菜，最后是面条。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词形式，follow和逻辑主语a complex meal为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填followed。
51．1.announce→rannouncers
2.to→for
3.去掉so
4.hold→held
5. 在bad前添加a
6.that→which
7.complete→completely
8.myself→me
9.had→having
10.realize→realized
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己想要当学校播音员，但不幸的是，面试前患重感冒，声音难听而失败。后来忙于学习一直没有如愿，作者希望上大学后能实现愿望。
【详解】1.考查名词复数。句意：我们学校的广播室需要两名播音员。announcer为可数名词，意为“播音员，广播员”，根据前面数词two可知，该词应使用复数形式。故将announcer改为announcers。
2. 考查介词固定搭配。句意：听到这个消息我很兴奋，决定申请这个职位。固定短语apply for …意为“申请……”符合语境。故将to改为for。
3. 考查连词。句意：当时，我有一个好的声音，感到相当自信。having a good voice为非谓语动词，作状语，与句子主干部分不需要连词so。故去掉so。
4. 考查时态。句意：我相信我一定会被选中。根据上下文语境，全文基本时态为一般过去时，该句在叙述过去发生的事情，谓语动词hold应使用一般过去时。故将hold改为held。
5. 考查冠词。句意：面试前我得了重感冒，这使我的声音听起来很难听。短语have a bad cold意为“得了重感冒”，cold作为可数名词，指伤风感冒。故在bad前添加a。
6. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：面试前我得了重感冒，这使我的声音听起来很难听。此处为非限制性定语从句，对前面句子表示补充说明，关系词只用which不用that。故将that改为which。
7. 考查副词。句意：我完全失去了信心，一整天都很沮丧。此处应使用副词修饰动词短语“lost heart”。故将complete改为completely。
8. 考查代词。句意：我的朋友莉莉鼓励我，说以后会有这样的机会。主语My friend Lily和宾语“我”不是自身，不应使用反身代词，应改为代词宾格me。故将myself改为me。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：但后来，埋头学习，没有时间，我再也没有成为一名播音员。此处had no time to spare 在句中和buried in my study并列作状语，为非谓语动词，与主语I为主动关系，应使用现在分词。故将had改为having。
10考查被动语态。句意：也许这个梦想会在我进入大学后实现。主语dream和谓语动词realize为被动关系，应使用助动词be和动词过去分词形式构成被动语态。故将realize改为realized。
52．Dear Jack,
I’m glad to hear that you’re going back home during the summer holidays and you want to bring a few presents for your mother which symbolizes the Chinese culture.
In my opinion, you can buy the following two presents. First, cheongsam, a very beautiful traditional dress for Chinese women, can show the real beauty of a woman. I’m sure your mother will like it very much. Second, the Chinese knot, a very beautiful Chinese decoration, is usually hung in the sitting room of our home. It symbolizes unity and good luck. I’m sure it will bring good luck and happiness to your whole family.
Have a good vacation and give my best regards to your mother.
Yours,
Lihua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jack要在暑假期间回国，打算为他妈妈准备几个富有中国特色的礼物，特来信向你咨询，请你给他回复一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
购买：buy→purchase
喜欢：like→be fond of
高兴的：glad→delighted
运气：luck→fortune
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, cheongsam, a very beautiful traditional dress for Chinese women, can show the real beauty of a woman.
拓展句：First, cheongsam, which is a very beautiful traditional dress for Chinese women, can show the real beauty of a woman.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m glad to hear that you’re going back home during the summer holidays and you want to bring a few presents for your mother which symbolizes the Chinese culture. (运用了which引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] I’m sure it will bring good luck and happiness to your whole family. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
2023届四川省遂宁市射洪市普通高考模拟测试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Weekend Events for Kids
Fantasy Workshop
Time:Each Saturday 11:30 am~12:30 pm
Age:9+
“My dog ate my homework!” “Monkeys stole my schoolbag!” Have you ever made up such excuses to get out of the homework you just didn’t want to do? This morning, such excuses will become twice as useful as poet Liz Niven shows you how to turn your fantasies into brilliant poetry!
Bookworm Club
Time: Each Saturday 10:00 am~11:15 am
Age:14+
Each Saturday, Marina Lewycka gives a special book talk for young people on her best-selling novel Tractors and Caravans. Hear first-hand experiences of the writing life and get your chance to ask the questions you’ve always wanted on what it’s like to be an author.
Behind Lenses
Time:Each Sunday 10:00 am~11:15 am
Age:5+
Take breakfast with a rabbit, touch the horn of a cow, and survive an angry lion in the wilds. . . They are just the start of great adventures with our wildlife photographer and children’s writer Jan Latta! Come along to hear stories of Jan’s amazing experiences of photographing animals in the wild!
Little Gutenbergs
Time:Each Sunday 11:30 am~12:30 pm
Age:5+
Learn how to construct a book from start to finish using all the tools of the trade with our printing technician Andrea Nichelson, as well as details on how to include secret pages in your books...Fun and totally hands-on, this workshop gives you the chance to learn something totally different.
For more activities, please visit our website. There are more than enough kid-centered events to fill your weekends,with fun!
1．Which event is suitable for poem lovers?
A．Behind Lenses.
B．Little Gutenbergs.
C．Bookworm Club.
D．Fantasy Workshop.
2．Who is the author of Tractors and Caravans?
A．Liz Niven.
B．Jan Latta.
C．Marina Lewycka.
D．Andrea Nichelson.
3．What is special about the last event?
A．It stresses creativity.
B．It is a hands-on program.
C．It focuses on reading.
D．It is a kid-centered activity.
Zibo city in Shandong has unexpectedly become famous on Chinese social media since late February for its local barbecue specialty, and this trend continues as the local government takes the opportunity to promote tourism and spending.
The latest promotion gives visitors free admission to 10 scenic spots in the city with their train tickets as long as their final destination is Zibo. This move followed another on March 31 under which the Jinan bureau of China Railway added a weekend special round-trip “barbecue tour” train between Jinan.
Passengers who get on the train are greeted by a banner reading “Welcome to the Special BBQ Train”at the entrance of the train. Many also took videos and posted them on social media, drawing more visitors.
Barbecue is popular in China, and Zibo’s barbecue has its own local features: it’s made on a stove, and is served with flatbread and dressings. The food is 70-80 percent cooked before it is brought to the table, where diners can finish cooking it on their own stoves. Diners are served with flatbreads, scallions and other dressings at the table so they are able to assemble their own barbecue parcels, in much the same way Peking Duck is eaten.
The barbecue suddenly became famous after a group of college students shot videos of themselves enjoying a meal in Zibo and posted them on social media in late February. Since then, many people, mostly young, have come to the city from all over the country to try the dish.
On several streets, lines can be seen outside barbecue restaurants, which stretch for more than 100 meters on the weekend.
“Zibo barbecue is bringing more and more people to the city, and the local government needs to think about how to promote the city as a whole, its culture and tourism, as well as its living and business environment,” said Sun Xiaorong, an expert of tourism marketing and promotion. The trend will eventually end if the local government doesn’t take proper follow-up measures, he added.
4．What does paragraph 1 mainly talk about?
A．Zibo city’s snacks.
B．Zibo city’s places of interest.
C．The reasons why Zibo is famous recently.
D．The challenges Zibo meets with at present.
5．What can we know about Zibo’s barbecue from paragraph 4?
A．It is usually paired with flatbread and dressings.
B．It is as delicious as Peking Duck.
C．It is totally toasted by the cook on the stove.
D．It is very cheap and various.
6．What made Zibo’s barbecue suddenly well-known?
A．Young people’s dreams.
B．Local government’s measures.
C．Barbecue restaurants in Zibo city.
D．Some college students’ promotion.
7．Which word can describe Sun Xiaorong’s attitude towards the popularity of Zibo barbecue?
A．Objective. B．Negative.
C．Curious D．Doubtful.
My friend never did well in school but always had a sharp eye for beauty. One day I was busy arranging some flowers in a vase but just couldn’t get them to look right. She came along, and with a few skillful waves of her hand, transformed them into a stunning bouquet. When praised for having this amazing ability, she shrugged off the compliment. She simply didn’t view her creativity as anything special.
Too often we underestimate our own talents in this way. Maybe it’s because we’ve become used to believing that only abilities like a high I.Q., a gift for mathematics or a large vocabulary have cognitive (认知的) value. I was fortunate to learn otherwise at a young age.
When I entered high school, a guidance counselor told my mother I wasn’t college material because I had performed miserably on the spelling section of a standardized test. Thankfully my mother recognized my other intellectual (智力的) gifts and stood up for me, insisting I be put into the college-track curriculum. This experience literally defined the course of my life. It showed me how important it is not to accept a label someone else put on me and it allowed me to realize my full potential.
In the early 1980’s, Howard Gardner, a prominent Harvard researcher, pioneered a concept of “multiple intelligences”. In his book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, he suggested that intelligence is not limited to a traditional interpretation but instead includes a wide range of cognitive abilities.
What I love about the multiple intelligences theory is that it allows you to reframe your own abilities and talents, especially those that don’t necessarily fit into neat academic boxes. While it’s true one must meet a basic level of intelligence for achievement, the analytical skills measured by I.Q. do not tell the whole story. This is why we should celebrate all of our talents and abilities. They’re part of what makes your individual brain so wonderful and unique.
8．Whose ability is probably underestimated according to the author?
A．A child who has a large vocabulary.
B．A child who is good at building Lego blocks.
C．A child who has an easy time learning how to multiply.
D．A child who quickly fits into academic learning process.
9．What does “otherwise” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．It suited me well to take college-track courses.
B．Intelligence can be interpreted by various abilities.
C．Spelling ability in a standardized test is of great value.
D．A high I. Q. makes no sense in realizing my full potential.
10．Why did the author mention Howard Gardner’s book?
A．To introduce a new topic. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To recommend the book. D．To support his opinion.
11．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Change Your Cognitive Value.
B．Develop Your Academic Ability.
C．Appreciate Your Multiple Intelligences.
D．Explore the Theory of Multiple Intelligences.
From writing Shakespeare-style poetry to making music, ChatGPT has amazed the world since its launch in late 2022 by the US-based company OpenAI. It even passed several law exams in four courses at the University of Minnesota, US, according to CNN.
The AI program can answer questions on a whole host of topics and write essays, stories and any other written texts you can think of. It does this by drawing on information collected from a large corpus (语料库) of text data.
What makes ChatGPT so impressive? As Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAl said in an interview with Forbes, “it's not actually fundamentally new technology that made this (ChatGPT) have a moment.”
According to MIT Technology Review, ChatGPT is based on GPT-3, a large language model. Because texts are more complicated than the meaning of every word combined, language models require a type of neural network(神经网络) that can make sense of texts.
One breakthrough behind today's model is a network called Transformer, which was invented by Google researchers in 2017. The neural network can infer word meanings by tracking where the word appears in a sentence. Transformer can therefore capture the meaning of texts more accurately.
The GPT models built by OpenAI combined Transformer with unsupervised (无人指导的) learning, meaning that the models can learn by themselves without being told what to look at. ChatGPT can now generate human-like responses instantly due to the large scale of texts it learned from.
“One of the biggest problems with ChatGPT is that it comes back, very confidently, with falsities,” Michael Wooldridge at the Alan Turing Institute in London, UK, told The Guardian. This means that ChatGPT doesn’t know the truth about the world — it learns information from various resources but it cannot decide what is true or false.
Some argue that ChatGPT will be used to generate fake news, spread falsities, or be used for ill purposes. As for education, many US schools recently banned students from using ChatGPT on school networks because students began to use it as a shortcut for essays.
12．How does ChatGPT work?
A．By making complicated texts simpler.
B．By gathering a wide variety of information.
C．By passing several law exams in four courses.
D．By employing its large collection of information.
13．What makes ChatGPT so amazing?
A．A completely new technology.
B．The ability to track the location of a word.
C．The combination of a network and self-learning.
D．Better understanding of the meaning of every word.
14．What does the underlined word “falsities” mean in the last but one paragraph?
A．False information. B．Something new.
C．Various resources. D．Timely responses.
15．Why is ChatGPT forbidden in many us schools?
A．Because a ban on it has recently been passed.
B．Because it provides fake news that will mislead students.
C．Because students use it for the purpose of improving their essays.
D．Because with it, students finish their assignments without thinking.
二、七选五
Good Manners Everyone Should Know
Manners are something used every day to make a good impression on others and to feel good about oneself. So practicing good manners is extremely important. ____16____Good manners will also keep your name on the guest list, add to your friends and boost your confidence, etc. Now let us move on to some good manners a person should possess.
____17____
These three words are taught in the elementary classes to little ones. Truly the three magic words should be included in our daily life more often. The words gain power and relevance from the underlying meaning. In fact, in European countries, people use “sorry” instead of “excuse me”. This makes things even more polite without doing anything extra.
Respecting Elders.
____18____In Chinese culture, younger members of the family have a duty to care for the aging members of the family. And even outside the family unit, Chinese are socialized to show respect to older individuals. In Greek and Greek-American culture, old age is honored and celebrated, and respect for elders is central to the family.
Waiting for Your Turn.
Whether it is for speaking, for playing or standing in bank’s queue, waiting for your turn patiently is a great manner to display.____19____Waiting for your turn in a queue gives out a strong message of self-discipline.
All these good manners make us a good person in the eyes of others and when you are good to others, you are also good for you. You will always benefit from your good manners.____20____
A．Saying “I love you” frequently.
B．Using “Please”, “Sorry” and “thanks”.
C．But as people grow they lose out on this.
D．Most cultures in the world follow this custom.
E．Good manners will always give you positive attention.
F．So wherever you go always follow these basic manners.
G．While in conversation, this also helps one in becoming a better listener.
三、完形填空
It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago. Mr. Leonard ___21___ a little dog going around his camp trying to ___22___ herself.
“Cute, but I’m not giving you any,” Leonard thought. Like all___23___, he had packed just enough for the whole ___24___. He’d been running competitively for three years, and he had a___25___ to win.
The next day, at the starting line, the dog____26____ him again. He waved her away, ___27___ she might be stepped on by the runners. ____28____, the dog followed him all the way until the day’s race ____29____. That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard and even _____30_____ to get a little food from him. By then, he was determined to____31____ her Gobi.
The pair went on to finish the seven-day race, with Gobi _____32_____ a distance of 125km on her own, and winning Leonard over, enough for him to make a ____33____ — he would take her home to Edinburgh. “Seeing Gobi on the race_____34_____ my attitude to things. It made me think more about stopping and helping her, _____35_____ just focusing on winning,” said Leonard, who finished second. “It also made my running more____36____, giving me a lot of pleasure.”
As Leonard was preparing to get Gobi home, she was ____37____. With a group of 20 local volunteers coming to his ____38____, he finally found her. After that, Leonard never let Gobi out of his ____39____. Now Gobi’s favorite activity is still running, and she _____40_____ does at least 8km a day with Leonard up the hills.
21．A．recognized B．adopted C．spotted D．treated
22．A．accommodate B．feed C．water D．entertain
23．A．competitors B．climbers C．explorers D．hikers
24．A．plan B．camp C．day D．course
25．A．chance B．desire C．right D．tendency
26．A．bothered B．stopped C．welcomed D．approached
27．A．confused B．worried C．ashamed D．astonished
28．A．Therefore B．Meanwhile C．However D．Otherwise
29．A．wound up B．got down C．kicked off D．came along
30．A．expected B．afforded C．managed D．begged
31．A．give B．name C．award D．show
32．A．covering B．setting C．keeping D．extending
33．A．difference B．choice C．comment D．decision
34．A．advocated B．changed C．challenged D．acknowledged
35．A．rather than B．but for C．regardless of D．ahead of
36．A．impressive B．meaningful C．enjoyable D．extraordinary
37．A．dead B．sick C．injured D．missing
38．A．rescue B．assistance C．mind D．defense
39．A．sight B．way C．hand D．reach
40．A．gradually B．eventually C．routinely D．occasionally
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the name suggests, Sichuan Hot Pot was born in Sichuan Province,___41___is known for its preference for spicy food. This mouth-burning and tongue-numbing hot pot has been gaining a large amount of attention in recent years all over___42___world.
It is___43___(universal) accepted that the Sichuan Hot Pot dates back to early 20th century. The port workers and fishermen who worked and lived along the Yangtze River could not afford___44___(eat) the regular cuts of meat, so they figured out a way to cook cheap meats and offal (内脏)___45___boiling them in a pot of extremely spicy soup. The use of spicy soup first___46___(intend) to cover the taste from the offal. However, after some___47___(adjust) of fragrant spices, this one pot meal became a popular dish in Sichuan region.
After years of continuous development, eating Sichuan Hot Pot today___48___(be) no longer what the poor like. Offal still remains as classic hot pot ingredients, but both high quality meats___49___seafood ingredients are also common on the menu. The modern hot pot has been shaped into a complex meal that starts with sliced meat, offal, and seafood,____50____(follow) by vegetables and ends with noodles.
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The radio studio in our school needed two announcer. I was excited at the news and decided to apply to the post. At that time, having a good voice, so I felt rather confident. I hold the belief that I was sure to be selected. However, an unfortunate thing happened. I had bad cold before the interview, that made my voice sound horrible. It was a big blow to me. I lost heart complete and felt depressed all day. My friend Lily encouraged myself, saying there would be such opportunities later. But later, buried in my study and had no time to spare, I never became an announcer. Maybe this dream will be realize after I enter the university.
六、建议信
52．假设你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jack要在暑假期间回国，打算为他妈妈准备几个富有中国特色的礼物，特来信向你咨询，请你给他回复一封邮件。内容包括:
1.建议礼物：旗袍和中国结；
2.说明选择礼物的原因；
3.表达祝福。
参考词汇:1.旗袍: cheongsam 2.中国结: Chinese knot
要求：1.词数：100左右；
2.可合理增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个周末创意活动。
1．细节理解题。根据 Fantasy Workshop部分的“This morning, such excuses will become twice as useful as poet Liz Niven shows you how to turn your fantasies into brilliant poetry!(今天早上，当诗人莉兹·尼文告诉你如何把你的幻想变成精彩的诗歌时，这些借口将变得双倍有用!)”可知，该活动适合诗歌爱好者。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Bookworm Club部分的“Each Saturday, Marina Lewycka gives a special book talk for young people on her best-selling novel Tractors and Caravans. (每周六，Marina Lewycka.都会为年轻人举办一场关于她的畅销小说Tractors and Caravans的特别读书讲座)” 可知，Tractors and Caravans的作者是Marina Lewycka。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一部分的“Fun and totally hands-on, this workshop gives you the chance to learn something totally different.(有趣和完全动手，这个研讨会让你有机会学习一些完全不同的东西)”并对比前三个活动可知，最后一个活动的特别之处是动手操作，而前三个活动分别是诗歌创作、小说阅读及听摄影师分享野外摄影的经历，不需要动手。故选B。
4．C 5．A 6．D 7．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了自2月下旬以来，山东淄博市因其当地的特色烧烤意外地在中国社交媒体上走红，随着当地政府抓住机会促进旅游和消费，这一趋势还在继续。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Zibo city in Shandong has unexpectedly become famous on Chinese social media since late February for its local barbecue specialty, and this trend continues as the local government takes the opportunity to promote tourism and spending.”（自2月下旬以来，山东淄博市因其当地的特色烧烤意外地在中国社交媒体上走红，随着当地政府抓住机会促进旅游和消费，这一趋势还在继续）可知，第一段主要讲了淄博最近出名的原因。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“Barbecue is popular in China, and Zibo’s barbecue has its own local features: it’s made on a stove, and is served with flatbread and dressings. The food is 70-80 percent cooked before it is brought to the table, where diners can finish cooking it on their own stoves. Diners are served with flatbreads, scallions and other dressings at the table so they are able to assemble their own barbecue parcels, in much the same way Peking Duck is eaten.”（烧烤在中国很受欢迎，淄博的烧烤有自己的地方特色：在炉子上烤，配上面饼和调料。在上桌之前，食物已经煮了70- 80%，食客可以在自己的炉子上完成烹饪。食客们可以在餐桌上享用大饼、葱花和其他调味料，这样他们就可以自己组装烧烤包，这与吃北京烤鸭的方式大致相同）可知，从第4段我们可以知道淄博烧烤通常与面饼和调味品搭配。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第五段中“The barbecue suddenly became famous after a group of college students shot videos of themselves enjoying a meal in Zibo and posted them on social media in late February.”（今年2月底，一群大学生在淄博拍摄了自己在淄博享用烧烤的视频，并将其上传到社交媒体上，之后淄博烧烤突然走红）可知，一些大学生的推广让淄博的烧烤突然出名。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Zibo barbecue is bringing more and more people to the city, and the local government needs to think about how to promote the city as a whole, its culture and tourism, as well as its living and business environment,” said Sun Xiaorong, an expert of tourism marketing and promotion. The trend will eventually end if the local government doesn’t take proper follow-up measures, he added.”（旅游营销和推广专家孙晓荣表示:“淄博烧烤为这座城市带来了越来越多的人，当地政府需要考虑如何从整体上推广这座城市，包括它的文化和旅游，以及它的生活和商业环境。”他补充说，如果当地政府不采取适当的后续措施，这种趋势最终会结束）可推知，孙晓荣对淄博烧烤的态度是客观的。故选A项。
8．B 9．B 10．B 11．C
【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的亲身经历，表达了自己的观点：虽然一个人智力水平和学术成绩很重要，但这并不能说明一切，我们应该欣赏和赞美我们所拥有的各种天赋和能力，它们是让我们的大脑如此美妙和独特的原因之一。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段“Maybe it’s because we’ve become used to believing that only abilities like a high I.Q., a gift for mathematics or a large vocabulary have cognitive (认知的) value.”（也许这是因为我们已经习惯于相信，只有高智商、数学天赋或大词汇量等能力才具有认知价值。）和第一段的“She simply didn’t view her creativity as anything special.”（她只是不认为自己的创造力有什么特别的。）可知，一个擅长搭乐高积木的孩子并不是我们习惯上认知的在学习方面很有才能的孩子，他有着自己独特的创造力，他的能力很可能被人们低估了。故选B。
9．词句猜测题。根据第三段“It showed me how important it is not to accept a label someone else put on me and it allowed me to realize my full potential.”（它告诉我，不接受别人给我的标签是多么重要，它让我意识到我的全部潜力。）和第四段“In his book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, he suggested that intelligence is not limited to a traditional interpretation but instead includes a wide range of cognitive abilities.”（在他的《思维框架：多元智能理论》一书中，他提出，智能不局限于传统的解释，而是包括广泛的认知能力。）并结合划线词所在句“I was fortunate to learn otherwise at a young age.”（幸运的是，我在很小的时候就学会了otherwise。）可知，作者很小就懂得了智力不是只局限于传统的学习方面的能力，而是可以用各种能力来诠释的。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段“In the early 1980’s, Howard Gardner, a prominent Harvard researcher, pioneered a concept of “multiple intelligences”. ”（20世纪80年代初，哈佛大学著名研究员Howard Gardner率先提出了“多元智能”的概念。）及在书中阐述的“In his book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, he suggested that intelligence is not limited to a traditional interpretation but instead includes a wide range of cognitive abilities.”（在他的《思维框架：多元智能理论》一书中，他提出，智能不局限于传统的解释，而是包括广泛的认知能力。）可知，作者提到Howard Gardener的书是为了阐明“多元智能”的概念。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“What I love about the multiple intelligences theory is that it allows you to reframe your own abilities and talents, especially those that don’t necessarily fit into neat academic boxes. ”（我喜欢多元智能理论的原因是，它可以让你重新构建自己的能力和天赋，尤其是那些不一定符合整齐的学术框架的能力和天赋。）及“This is why we should celebrate all of our talents and abilities. They’re part of what makes your individual brain so wonderful and unique.”（这就是为什么我们应该赞美我们所有的天赋和能力，它们是让你的大脑如此美妙和独特的原因之一。）以及全文内容可知，本文主要表达了我们应该欣赏和赞美所拥有的各种天赋和能力的观点，C项“欣赏你的多元智能”符合文意。故选C。
12．D 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了ChatGPT的工作原理以及带来的负面影响。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It does this by drawing on information collected from a large corpus (语料库) of text data. (它通过利用从大型语料库中收集的信息来实现这一点)”可知，ChatGPT利用其收集的大量信息工作的，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“According to MIT Technology Review, ChatGPT is based on GPT-3, a large language model. Because texts are more complicated than the meaning of every word combined, language models require a type of neural network(神经网络) that can make sense of texts. (根据麻省理工技术评论，ChatGPT基于GPT-3，一种大型语言模型。由于文本比每一个单词的含义都要复杂，所以语言模型需要一种能够理解文本的神经网络)”以及倒数第三段讲到“The GPT models built by OpenAI combined Transformer with unsupervised (无人指导的) learning, meaning that the models can learn by themselves without being told what to look at. (OpenAI构建的GPT模型将Transformer与无监督学习相结合，这意味着模型可以自己学习，而无需被告知要看什么。)”可知，网络和自我学习的结合让ChatGPT如此惊人，故选C。
14．词义猜测题。根据文章划线单词所在段最后一句“This means that ChatGPT doesn’t know the truth about the world — it learns information from various resources but it cannot decide what is true or false. (这意味着ChatGPT不知道世界的真相—它从各种资源中学习信息，但它无法决定什么是真的还是假的。)”可知，划线单词所在句子One of the biggest problems with ChatGPT is that it comes back, very confidently, with falsities的意思是：ChatGPT最大的问题之一是，它很自信地带着谎言回来了。可知最后一段中，带下划线的单词的意思是“虚假信息”，故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一句讲到“As for education, many US schools recently banned students from using ChatGPT on school networks because students began to use it as a shortcut for essays (在教育方面，许多美国学校最近禁止学生在学校网络上使用ChatGPT，因为学生开始使用它作为论文的捷径。)”可知，ChatGPT在许多美国学校被禁止是因为有了它，学生们可以不用思考完成作业，故选D。
16．E 17．B 18．D 19．G 20．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了人们应该具备的一些良好的礼仪。
16．下文“Good manners will also keep your name on the guest list, add to your friends and boost your confidence, etc.(良好的礼仪也会让你的名字留在客人名单上，增加你的朋友，增强你的信心等等)”是描述良好的礼仪带来的好处，根据下文关键词“also”可知，空处也是描述良好的礼仪带来的好处，E项“良好的礼仪会给你带来积极的关注”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据本段中“These three words are taught in the elementary classes to little ones. Truly the three magic words should be included in our daily life more often.(这三个词是小学里教小孩子的。的确，这三个神奇的词应该更经常地出现在我们的日常生活中)”可知，本段是关于三个词语，B项“使用‘请’，‘对不起’和‘谢谢’”符合语境，故选B。
18．根据本段小标题“Respecting Elders.(尊重长辈)”和本段中“In Chinese culture, younger members of the family have a duty to care for the aging members of the family.(在中国文化中，年轻的家庭成员有责任照顾家里的老人)”以及“In Greek and Greek-American culture, old age is honored and celebrated, and respect for elders is central to the family.(在希腊和希腊-美国文化中，老年人受到尊敬和庆祝，尊重老人是家庭的核心)”可知，本段是说中外文化中都有尊重长辈的习俗，D项“世界上大多数文化都遵循这一习俗”符合语境，故选D。
19．上文“Whether it is for speaking, for playing or standing in bank’s queue, waiting for your turn patiently is a great manner to display.(无论是说话、玩耍还是在银行排队，耐心等待是一种很好的表现方式)”提到在谈话中或是玩耍或排队时耐心等待是一种很好的行为，分析选项，G项中的“also”承接上文，进一步描述耐心等待的好处，G项“在谈话中，这也有助于一个人成为一个更好的倾听者”符合语境，G项中的“this”指代上文的“waiting for your turn patiently”，故选G。
20．空处位于文章末尾，是总结上文，结合上文“You will always benefit from your good manners.(你将永远受益于你良好的礼仪)”可知，良好的礼仪使人受益，故要遵循这些礼仪，F项“所以无论你走到哪里，都要遵循这些基本礼仪”符合语境，故选F。
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伦纳德比赛期间与小狗戈壁的相遇的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：伦纳德先生发现一只小狗在他的营地周围走动，试图自己吃东西。A. recognized认可；B. adopted收养；C. spotted发现；D. treated招待。根据后文““Cute, but I’m not giving you any, ” Leonard thought.”可知，伦纳德发现一只小狗。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：伦纳德先生看到一只小狗在他的营地周围走动，试图自己吃东西。A. accommodate适应；B. feed喂；C. water浇；D. entertain娱乐。根据后文“That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard and even____10____ to get a little food from him.”可知，这只狗正在寻食。故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像所有的参赛者一样，他所带的东西刚好够他跑完全程。A. competitors竞争者；B. climbers登山者；C. explorers探险家；D. hikers徒步旅行者。根据后文“He’d been running competitively for three years, and he had a____5____ to win.”可知，伦纳德在参赛，所以是参赛者。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像所有的参赛者一样，他所带的东西刚好够他跑完全程。A. plan计划；B. camp营地；C. day天；D. course过程。根据“It was the first night of a tiring seven-day 250km race across the Gobi Desert a year ago.”可知，伦纳德在比赛，食物只能支撑全程。故选D。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他参加跑步比赛已经三年了，他渴望获胜。A. chance机会；B. desire欲望；C. right权利；D. tendency趋势。have a desire to do渴望做某事。根据“He’d been running competitively for three years,”可知，伦纳德参赛很渴望获得胜利。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，在起跑线上，狗再次走近他。A. bothered打扰；B. stopped停止；C. welcomed欢迎；D. approached走进。根据后文“He waved her away”可知，这只狗靠近他。故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他挥手让她走开，担心它会被跑步者踩到。A. confused困惑；B. worried担心；C. ashamed羞愧；D. astonished惊讶。根据“He waved her away”可知，赶走狗是因为担心它会被踩到。故选B。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这只狗一路跟着他，直到那天比赛结束。那天晚上，这只狗依偎在伦纳德身边，甚至还设法从他那里弄到一点食物。A. Therefore因此；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. However然而；D. Otherwise然而。根据后文“the dog followed him all the way until the day’s race ____9____”可知，这只狗并没有离开，和伦纳德想法相悖，所以前后为转折关系。故选C。
29．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，这只狗一路跟着他，直到那天的比赛结束。A. wound up结束；B. got down下来；C. kicked off踢开；D. came along出现。根据“the dog followed him all the way”可知，这只狗是一直跟着伦纳德到比赛结束。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，这只狗依偎在伦纳德身边，甚至还设法从他那里弄到一点食物。A. expected期待；B. afforded支付；C. managed设法；D. begged恳求。manage to do设法做成某事。根据“That night the dog snuggled (偎依) up to Leonard”可知，狗设法从伦纳德那里弄到一点食物。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时，他已经决定给她取名为戈壁。A. give给；B. name命名；C. award奖励；D. show展示。根据“with Gobi____12____ a distance of 125km on her own,”可知，伦纳德给狗取名为戈壁。故选B。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人继续完成了为期7天的比赛，戈壁独自跑了125公里，赢得了伦纳德的支持，这足以让他做出决定——他将带她回爱丁堡的家。A. covering覆盖，走行走（一段路程）；B. setting设立；C. keeping保持；D. extending扩展。cover a distance of走完（一段路程）。根据“The pair went on to finish the seven-day race,”可知，戈壁走完125公里的路程。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人继续完成了为期7天的比赛，戈壁独自跑了125公里，赢得了伦纳德的支持，这足以让他做出决定——他将带她回爱丁堡的家。A. difference不同；B. choice选择；C. comment评论；D. decision决定。make a decision做决定。根据“he would take her home to Edinburgh.”可知，伦纳德决定将戈壁带回家。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到戈壁在比赛中改变了我对事物的态度。A. advocated提倡；B. changed改变；C. challenged挑战；D. acknowledged承认。根据“It made me think more about stopping and helping her, ____15____ just focusing on winning,”可知，伦纳德改变自己的态度。故选B。
35．考查短语词义辨析。句意：这让我更多地考虑停下来帮助她，而不是只专注于获胜，”伦纳德说，他获得了第二名。A. rather than而不是；B. but for要不是；C. regardless of不管；D. ahead of提前。根据“It made me think more about stopping and helping her,”可知，伦纳德现在而不是只专注于获胜，还考虑帮助戈壁。故选A。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这也让我的跑步更愉快，给了我很多乐趣。A. impressive印象深刻的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. enjoyable愉快的；D. extraordinary非凡的。根据后文“giving me a lot of pleasure”可知，戈壁带给伦纳德的是更愉快。故选C。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当伦纳德准备带戈壁回家时，她不见了。A. dead死亡的；B. sick生病的；C. injured受伤的；D. missing失踪的。根据后文“he finally found her”可知，戈壁只是暂时走失。故选D。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在20名当地志愿者的帮助下，他终于找到了她。A. rescue拯救；B. assistance帮助；C. mind心灵；D. defense防御。根据后文“he finally found her”可知，找到走失的戈壁是在通过当地志愿者的帮助。故选B。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，伦纳德就一直盯着戈壁。A. sight视力；B. way方法；C. hand手；D. reach到达。out of sight看不见；在视野之外。丢失之后，伦纳德从来没有让戈比离开过他的视线。故选A。
40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在戈壁最喜欢的活动仍然是跑步，她每天和伦纳德一起爬山，每天至少跑8公里。A. gradually逐渐地；B. eventually最终；C. routinely日常地；常规地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据前文“Now Gobi’s favorite activity is still running,”可知，伦纳德每天和戈壁爬山。故选C。
41．which 42．the 43．universally 44．to eat 45．by 46．was intended 47．adjustments 48．is 49．and 50．followed
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四川火锅的历史以及它的发展。
41．考查定语从句。句意：顾名思义，四川火锅诞生于以偏爱辛辣食物而闻名的四川省。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Sichuan Province在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
42．考查冠词。句意：近年来，这种烧嘴、麻舌的火锅在世界各地受到了广泛关注。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语all over the world.“全世界”，满足句意要求。故填the。
43．考查副词。句意：人们普遍认为四川火锅的历史可以追溯到20世纪初。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词修饰动词accepted。故填universally。
44．考查动词不定式。句意：在长江沿岸工作和生活的港口工人和渔民买不起普通的肉，所以他们想出了一种方法，把便宜的肉和内脏放在一锅极辣的汤里煮。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语afford to do“支付得起，负担得起”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to eat。
45．考查介词。句意：在长江沿岸工作和生活的港口工人和渔民买不起普通的肉，所以他们想出了一种方法，把便宜的肉和内脏放在一锅极辣的汤里煮。根据句意以及空后boiling动名词可知，此处为介词by表示“通过”，满足句意要求。故填by。
46．考查动词短语和时态。句意：首先使用辣汤是为了掩盖内脏的味道。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be intended to do“打算做某事”，满足句意要求，结合上下文时态可知，此处为动词的一般过去时。故填was intended。
47．考查名词。句意：然而，经过一些香料的调整，这一锅饭成为四川地区的一道受欢迎的菜。由空前some以及空后介词of可知，此处为名词复数形式，和of后的fragrant spices名词短语形成所属关系。故填adjustments。
48．考查动词。句意：经过多年的不断发展，今天吃四川火锅已经不是穷人喜欢吃的了。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合eating为动名词作主语，谓语动词为单数形式，结合today可知，为一般现在时。故填is。
49．考查固定短语。句意：内脏仍然是火锅的经典配料，但高品质的肉类和海鲜配料也在菜单上很常见。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语both…and表示“两者……都”，满足句意要求。故填and。
50．考查非谓语动词。句意：现代火锅已经形成了一种复杂的食物，首先是肉片、内脏和海鲜，然后是蔬菜，最后是面条。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词形式，follow和逻辑主语a complex meal为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填followed。
51．1.announce→rannouncers
2.to→for
3.去掉so
4.hold→held
5. 在bad前添加a
6.that→which
7.complete→completely
8.myself→me
9.had→having
10.realize→realized
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己想要当学校播音员，但不幸的是，面试前患重感冒，声音难听而失败。后来忙于学习一直没有如愿，作者希望上大学后能实现愿望。
【详解】1.考查名词复数。句意：我们学校的广播室需要两名播音员。announcer为可数名词，意为“播音员，广播员”，根据前面数词two可知，该词应使用复数形式。故将announcer改为announcers。
2. 考查介词固定搭配。句意：听到这个消息我很兴奋，决定申请这个职位。固定短语apply for …意为“申请……”符合语境。故将to改为for。
3. 考查连词。句意：当时，我有一个好的声音，感到相当自信。having a good voice为非谓语动词，作状语，与句子主干部分不需要连词so。故去掉so。
4. 考查时态。句意：我相信我一定会被选中。根据上下文语境，全文基本时态为一般过去时，该句在叙述过去发生的事情，谓语动词hold应使用一般过去时。故将hold改为held。
5. 考查冠词。句意：面试前我得了重感冒，这使我的声音听起来很难听。短语have a bad cold意为“得了重感冒”，cold作为可数名词，指伤风感冒。故在bad前添加a。
6. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：面试前我得了重感冒，这使我的声音听起来很难听。此处为非限制性定语从句，对前面句子表示补充说明，关系词只用which不用that。故将that改为which。
7. 考查副词。句意：我完全失去了信心，一整天都很沮丧。此处应使用副词修饰动词短语“lost heart”。故将complete改为completely。
8. 考查代词。句意：我的朋友莉莉鼓励我，说以后会有这样的机会。主语My friend Lily和宾语“我”不是自身，不应使用反身代词，应改为代词宾格me。故将myself改为me。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：但后来，埋头学习，没有时间，我再也没有成为一名播音员。此处had no time to spare 在句中和buried in my study并列作状语，为非谓语动词，与主语I为主动关系，应使用现在分词。故将had改为having。
10考查被动语态。句意：也许这个梦想会在我进入大学后实现。主语dream和谓语动词realize为被动关系，应使用助动词be和动词过去分词形式构成被动语态。故将realize改为realized。
52．Dear Jack,
I’m glad to hear that you’re going back home during the summer holidays and you want to bring a few presents for your mother which symbolizes the Chinese culture.
In my opinion, you can buy the following two presents. First, cheongsam, a very beautiful traditional dress for Chinese women, can show the real beauty of a woman. I’m sure your mother will like it very much. Second, the Chinese knot, a very beautiful Chinese decoration, is usually hung in the sitting room of our home. It symbolizes unity and good luck. I’m sure it will bring good luck and happiness to your whole family.
Have a good vacation and give my best regards to your mother.
Yours,
Lihua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jack要在暑假期间回国，打算为他妈妈准备几个富有中国特色的礼物，特来信向你咨询，请你给他回复一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
购买：buy→purchase
喜欢：like→be fond of
高兴的：glad→delighted
运气：luck→fortune
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, cheongsam, a very beautiful traditional dress for Chinese women, can show the real beauty of a woman.
拓展句：First, cheongsam, which is a very beautiful traditional dress for Chinese women, can show the real beauty of a woman.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m glad to hear that you’re going back home during the summer holidays and you want to bring a few presents for your mother which symbolizes the Chinese culture. (运用了which引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] I’m sure it will bring good luck and happiness to your whole family. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
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