2022-2023学年贵州省凯里重点中学高考英语模拟试卷含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年贵州省凯里重点中学高考英语模拟试卷含解析，共25页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年贵州省凯里重点中学高考英语模拟试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Qatar World Cup Stadiums
For the 2022 World Cup，Qatar has gone all out to build and rebuild eight breathtaking stadiums.All of them are located in its capital Doha and the neighbouring cities，and will host 32 teams in 64 matches.The average capacity （容量） of the stadiums is as high as over 53，000.
Qatari officials made a budget that they may need to pay up to ＄10 billion to complete the stadiums for this World Cup，but they have managed to get it done for less.The cost for all eight World Cup stadiums stands at around ＄6.5 billion.
All the stadiums are powered by solar-panel farms，and，given Qatar's hot climate，their cooling systems have been particularly designed.In fact，Qatar's devotion to sound environmental practices has earned all the stadiums four or five stars from the Global Sustainability Assessment System.It's also very impressive.
Here are four stadiums of the eight modern marvels.
Al Bayt Stadium
Location：Al Khor.Cost：＄ 847 million.Capacity：60，000.＄
Matches planned：Opening match and all matches through to the semi-finals.
Khalifa International Stadium
Location：Aspire.Cost：374 million.Capacity：40，000.
Matches planned：Group matches，round of 16，and play off for third place game.
Lusail Stadium
Location：Lusail.Cost：＄ 767 million.Capacity：80，000.＄
Matches planned：Until the final match.
Stadium 974
Location：Ras Abu Aboud.Cost：Unknown.Capacity：40，000.
Matches planned：Group matches and round of 16.
1. How much do all eight Qatar World Cup stadiums cost to complete？ ______
A. 767 million. B. ＄10 billion.
C. ＄847 million. D. about ＄6.5 billion.＄
2. In which city is the final match of 2022 World Cup held？ ______
A. Al Khor. B. Aspire. C. Lusail. D. Ras Abu Aboud.
3. What do all the listed stadiums have in common？ ______
A. They hold the same number of audience.
B. They are environmentally friendly.
C. They are of the same size and design.
D. They are far away from the capital Doha.
B
You wake up in the morning and realize you forgot to put the leftover meat in the fridge before you went to bed last night.The meat isn't raw and it looks fine，smells fine and tastes fine，so eating it should be fine，right？Unfortunately，it doesn't quite work that way.
The U.S.Department of Agriculture （USDA） notes that there are two types of bacteria in meat and meat products：pathogenic bacteria and spoilage bacteria.Spoilage bacteria cause the food to start smelling and tasting strange，but consuming it won't harm you.Pathogenic bacteria，on the other hand，are harmful bacteria that don't affect the taste or smell of the food in any way but can cause you to fall sick.
The USDA explains that pathogenic bacteria thrive between 4℃ and 40℃.Room temperature usually falls in this temperature range，known as the danger zone.In this temperature range，pathogenic bacteria can sometimes double in number within a span of 20 minutes.If bacteria can double in just 20 minutes，imagine the numbers if the meat has been left out.The USDA states that any food that has been left out at room temperature for over two hours should be discarded.
Since pathogenic bacteria don't affect the taste，smell or sight of in any way，you have no way of knowing whether they're there.You may feel bad about throwing away meat that perfectly fine，but it's better to be safe than sorry.
4. What purpose does the first paragraph serve？ ______
A. To bring up the topic of the text.
B. To describe a common scene.
C. To introduce a scientific question.
D. To ask for some professional advice.
5. Which food might contain the most pathogenic bacteria？ ______
A. Pork just cooked with a temperature of 300℃.
B. Steak kept in an average temperature of around 2℃.
C. Chicken taken from the fridge with a temperature around -8℃.
D. Beef left on the table overnight with a temperature above 10℃.
6. What does the underlined word " thrive" in paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Change. B. Reduce. C. Increase. D. Form.
7. What may the writer expect people to do with the meat with pathogenic bacteria？ ______
A. To feel sorry for throwing it away.
B. To get rid of it without hesitation.
C. To eat it after cooking it again.
D. To smell it and decide what to do next.
C
The first heart that Tal Goldsworthy，a British engineer，repaired was his own.And his efforts do not only save his life but also bring hope to those who are faced with the same situation.
Golesworthy was born with a condition called Marfan's syndrome，a genetic disorder that causes problems with eyes，skeleton，and in Tal's case，his heart.In 1993，when he was told he needed life-saving heart surgery，he said no. "The operation really didn't look attractive，" says Golesworthy.What he particularly didn't like was having to be on blood thinners after the operation，something that would prevent blood vessel （血管） blocks but present some other risks； "I was riding motorbikes then，and skiing，so my whole lifestyle would have been affected."
By 2000，however，his condition had worsened.Realizing something had to be done，Golesworthy put his years of experience as research-and-development engineer to good use.He decided he would fix himself. "Learning new stuff and developing new ideas，that was my job，" Golesworthy says.
So Golesworthy devoted himself to searching for a way that could solve his problem.Following his novel way，Golesworthy subjected himself to 30 hours in an MRI scanner，used 3 D printing to create a physical copy of the faulty part of his heart and then used soft textile mesh （网状物） to make a sleeve to fit around it.
Eventually，his determination coupled with the original yet practical solution won him the support of two leading surgeons and helped him raise the money to develop his idea.In May 2004，at the age of 47，he became the subject for his own invention，the ExoVasc Personalised External Aortic Root Support （PEARS）.The operation was a success.It has since been used by surgeons in the United Kingdom，Ireland，Belgium，Czech Republic，New Zealand，Australia，and the Netherlands.
"When you're as motivated as I was，" Golesworthy says， "you make things happen."
8. Why did Tal refuse the heart operation in 1993？ ______
A. It would take up too much time.
B. It would make him quit his job.
C. It would prevent him enjoying his hobbies.
D. It would cost too much money.
9. What encouraged Tal to think about fixing himself initially？ ______
A. His working experience as an engineer.
B. His knowledge of medicine.
C. His keen desire to learn new things.
D. His surgeon friends.
10. What kind of person is Tal？ ______
A. Pessimistic and active. B. Brave and stubborn.
C. Aggressive and humorous. D. Professional and determined.
11. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. A man saving himself through his own efforts.
B. The story how PEARS was spread to the world.
C. The importance of taking care of heart health.
D. Ways for people to fix heart problems on their own.
D
Kids who think they can get smarter if they work hard are more likely to bounce back from their mistakes than those who think their level of intelligence is set in stone，a new study finds.
"This may be because kids with a so-called growth mind-set，who believe intelligence is changeable，are more likely to focus on their mistakes than those with a fixed mind-set，who believe intelligence is not changeable，" the study researcher Hans Schroder at Michigan State University，said in a statement.
In the study，the researchers first asked 123 children questions to assess whether they had a growth mind-set or a fixed mind-set.They then asked the children to complete a fast-paced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded.Finally，the researchers analyzed the brain responses that occurred within half second of the children making a mistake on the task.In general，a bigger brain response means that a person is paying more attention to her or his mistakes，the researchers said.
The study found that children with a growth mind-set were more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake，compared with children who had a fixed mind-set.This suggested that children with a growth mind-set were paying more attention to their mistakes，the researchers said.What's more，children with such a mind-set were more likely to improve their accuracy on the task after they made a mistake，compared with children who had a fixed mind-set，the study showed.
The study also found that children with a fixed mind-set could still improve their accuracy on the task，but only if they paid close attention to their mistakes.
The findings may have some practical implications for parents and teachers.
"It is seemingly natural reaction to comfort children when they make mistakes，but some ways of doing this may distract children from learning from their mistakes，" the researchers said.Instead of shying away from children's mistakes，parents and teachers could offer this advice， "Mistakes happen，so let's try to pay attention to what went wrong and figure it out." Schroder said.
12. What may the kids with growth mind-set think of their intelligence？ ______
A. It is unpredictable. B. It is not set in stone.
C. It is fixed. D. It is accurate in mind.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the study？ ______
A. Its results. B. Its process.
C. Its participants. D. Its comparison.
14. What can we say about the kids with a fixed mind-set？ ______
A. They believe they can get smarter if working hard.
B. They can never improve their accuracy after making a mistake.
C. They have a bigger brain response according to their brain activity.
D. They can also be accurate in tasks if changing their attitude to mistakes.
15. What is the best title for the text ？ ______
A. Unavoidable Mistakes B. Ways to Correct Mistakes
C. Concentrating on Mistakes D. Benefits of growth mind-set

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
9 Most people suffer some degree of anxiety when preparing for a test. （1） ______ .Whatever your level of anxiety，learning to reduce it is very important to study effectively for a test.Fortunately，there are several steps you can take to reduce anxiety，which will benefit your grades and your overall mental health.
Study effectively
The most effective way to study is attending class regularly，taking good notes，doing your homework，and above all being an active student. （2） ______ .Consequently，you're less likely to have exam anxiety.
（ 3） ______
Waiting until the night before a test to start studying is likely to increase your anxiety.You will not have time to ask questions or find lost information.You likely feel stressed，and are in a bad situation.Instead of waiting until the last minute，start studying as soon as a test is scheduled.
Stay active
Physical activities are great ways to reduce anxiety （4） ______ .They will also distract your mind from the test and studying，so your brain will have a chance to relax and refresh itself.Any form of physical activities will have a beneficial effect on your anxiety.
Get plenty of sleep
Sleep deprivation is another cause of anxiety.Stay committed to getting a full 8 hours of sleep or more every night. （5） ______ .

A.Complete study tasks
B.Schedule your study time
C.If you take exercise regularly，you will be less stressed
D.Physical activities release endorphins that will make you happy
E.This can range from a mild nervous feeling to a full panic attack
F.If you have done this，it means you are well prepared for a test.
G.This will ensure your brain has been properly rested and you can start studying with a fresh mind
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
Many thanks to Blanche Caffiere，my elementary school teacher.She deserves big credit for helping me become the man I am today.
When I first met Mrs.Caffiere，I was a pretty shy fourth grader.I felt （1） ______ by my terrible handwriting and messy desk.I was （2） ______ trying to go unnoticed by others and hide the fact that I liked to （3） ______ — something that most boys disliked at that time.But Mrs.Caffiere helped make it okay for me to be myself — a （4） ______ and nerdy （书呆子气） boy and she taught me that my love of reading was a strength.
She pulled me out of my shell by sharing her （5） ______ for different books.When I was at sixth grade，one day，she noticed that I was reading a Tom Swift Jr.book and （6） ______ that I could handle more （7） ______ literature.She （8） ______ me with more challenging texts and took the time to discuss them with me， "Did you like it？" She would ask. "Why？What did you learn？" She （9） ______ listened to what I had to say. （10） ______ those conversations we became good friends.Meanwhile，she （11） ______ me to biographies of famous people throughout history.
As we were in primary school，teachers generally didn't want to （12） ______ their young students with extra reading assignments.However，I learned from Mrs.Caffiere that my teachers were happy to share their （13） ______ ，and I just needed to ask what I wondered about the world.I would often （14） ______ my teachers about the books they liked，read those books，and offer my （15） ______ .Gradually，I become a life-long learner who thinks reading is absolutely （16） ______ to success，and I read a lot — almost one book per week，fifty books a year.
When I look back on it now，there is no （17） ______ that my time with Mrs.Caffiere helped （18） ______ my interest in books.Not only did she have a （19） ______ impact on me，but she played a remarkable role in shaping the life of a child.
Mrs.Cafiere，you should get the （20） ______ for your empathy and guidance to make me what I am today.
21.  A. thrilled B. astonished C. embarrassed D. confused
22.  A. patiently B. strictly C. angrily D. desperately
23.  A. play B. read C. lead D. joke
24.  A. messy B. clumsy C. diligent D. lazy
25.  A. reaction B. pride C. honour D. passion
26.  A. recognized B. classified C. matched D. interpreted
27.  A. interesting B. pleasant C. normal D. complex
28.  A. presented B. concerned C. disturbed D. replaced
29.  A. unwillingly B. roughly C. honestly D. genuinely
30.  A. Within B. Through C. Upon D. Under
31.  A. adjusted B. compared C. introduced D. referred
32.  A. burden B. satisfy C. threaten D. help
33.  A. skills B. knowledge C. problems D. stories
34.  A. miss B. comfort C. consult D. persuade
35.  A. thoughts B. praise C. secrets D. criticism
36.  A. mistaken B. essential C. indifferent D. casual
37.  A. reason B. possibility C. need D. doubt
38.  A. defend B. accept C. fuel D. end
39.  A. highly-developed B. far-reaching
C. slightly-ignored D. fast-paced
40.  A. encouragement B. gift C. credit D. possessions
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Luo Yingjiu，82，has run a small zoo in Enshi，Hubei province on his own for 33 years despite （1） ______ （ vary） difficulties.At the one-man Fenghuang Mountain Zoo，Luo serves （2） ______ director，cleaner，breeder，vet and conductor.Most of the residents of the zoo are old and weak，many of （3） ______ were saved by Luo.
（ 4） ______ （ live） in the zoo himself，Luo gets up at about 5 am，checks the condition of the animals，cleans their enclosures and goes to the market to buy feed for them.At night，he observes the animals and refills their food and water，and even gets up around 2 am （5） ______ （ care） for the older ones.
Over the past 33 years，Luo （6） ______ （ devote） himself to the zoo and persisted.He lives economically，eats （7） ______ （ simple） and never dines out at restaurants.Sometimes，he picks up empty bottles to sell to support the zoo. （8） ______ his retirement salary is about 5，000 yuan per month，which is enough to live a good life in such a small place，he has fallen into debt to cover the zoo's expenses.
Last January，Luo Wei，the old man's granddaughter，（ 9） ______ （ begin） to post short videos of him looking after these animals online，hoping to raise awareness of the zoo and give people a（10） ______ （ good） understanding of her grandfather's work.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（˄），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
（ 2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Swimming has been my favourite sports since I was young.At that time，I was often took to a pool to practice swimming by my mother.Whenever I saw my mother to dive into the swimming pool，I couldn't help follow her bravely.Gradually，I became interested in swimming.The reason that I like swimming is that I feel it fun to swim.Besides，I consider them a good way to reduce my stress.I feel extreme relaxed when I swim in the water.What's more，I became stronger and stronger because of the frequent swimming.In word，swimming is good for us.So，let's swim together and stay health.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43. 假定你是李华，为了激发学生学习英语的兴趣，你校即将举办英语话剧比赛。请给外教 Miss Grant写封邮件，请她担任比赛评委。邮件内容包括：
（1）写信事由；
（2）比赛安排；
（3）表示感谢。
注意：
（1）词数120左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中The cost for all eight World Cup stadiums stands at around ＄6.5 billion.（全部八个世界杯体育场的建设成本约为65亿美元。）可知，全部八个世界杯体育场的建设成本约为65亿美元，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Lusail Stadium部分中的Matches planned：Until the final match.（比赛计划：直到决赛。）"和"Location：Lusail. （地点：Lusail。）可知，2022年世界杯决赛在Lusail这个城市举行，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段中All the stadiums are powered by solar-panel farms，and，given Qatar's hot climate，their cooling systems have been particularly designed.In fact，Qatar's devotion to sound environmental practices has earned all the stadiums four or five stars from the Global Sustainability Assessment System.（所有的体育场都由太阳能电池板供电，而且，考虑到卡塔尔炎热的气候，他们的冷却系统设计得特别独特。事实上，卡塔尔致力于健全的环境实践已经为所有的体育场赢得了全球可持续性评估系统的四星或五星。）可知，所有列出的体育场的共同点是：它们是环境友好型的。A．They hold the same number of audience.他们拥有相同数量的观众；B．They are environmentally friendly.它们是环保的；C．They are of the same size and design.它们的大小和设计都一样；D．They are far away from the capital Doha.他们远离首都多哈。故选B。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2022年卡塔尔世界杯体育场的相关信息。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

4~7.【答案】A、D、C、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中The meat isn't raw and it looks fine，smells fine and tastes fine，so eating it should be fine，right？Unfortunately，it doesn't quite work that way. （肉不是生的，看起来、闻起来、尝起来都很好，所以吃起来应该没问题，对吧？不幸的是，事实并非如此。）可知，本段的目的是提出文章的主题：看起来、闻起来、尝起来都很好食物也可能会有问题。故选A项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中The USDA explains that pathogenic bacteria  thrive between 4℃ and 40℃.Room temperature usually falls in this temperature range，known as the danger zone.In this temperature range，pathogenic bacteria can sometimes double in number within a span of 20 minutes.（美国农业部解释说，致病菌在4℃到40℃之间 thrive。通常室温在这个温度范围内，称为危险区。在这个温度范围内，致病菌的数量有时会在20分钟内翻一番。）可知，放在桌子上过夜的牛肉，温度在10℃以上，含有致病菌最多。故选D项。
（3）词句猜测题。划线词句后文In this temperature range，pathogenic bacteria can sometimes double in number within a span of 20 minutes. （在这个温度范围内，致病菌有时会在20分钟内增加一倍。）说明在这个温度范围内致病菌会增加，从而推知划线词句The USDA explains that pathogenic bacteria  thrive between 4℃ and 40℃.Room temperature usually falls in this temperature range，known as the danger zone. （美国农业部解释说，致病菌在4℃到40℃之间 thrive。通常室温这个温度范围内，称为危险区。）其中划线词汇应为"增加"的意思。A．Change.改变；B．Reduce.减少；C．Increase.增加；D．Form.形成。故选C项。
（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中The USDA states that any food that has been left out at room temperature for over two hours should be discarded. （美国农业部表示，任何在室温下放置超过两小时的食物都应该丢弃。）以及最后一段中You may feel bad about throwing away meat that perfectly fine，but it's better to be safe than sorry. （你可能会觉得把肉扔掉很糟糕，但安全总比后悔好。）可知，作者希望人们毫不犹豫地扔掉带有致病菌的肉类。A．To feel sorry for throwing it away.为扔掉它感到抱歉；B．To get rid of it without hesitation.毫不犹豫地摆脱它；C．To eat it after cooking it again.再次烹饪后食用；D．To smell it and decide what to do next.去嗅它，然后决定下一步做什么。故选B项。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一则健康饮食知识，看起来、闻起来、尝起来都很好食物也可能会有问题。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】C、C、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中What he particularly didn't like was having to be on blood thinners after the operation，something that would prevent blood vessel （血管） blocks but present some other risks； "I was riding motorbikes then，and skiing，so my whole lifestyle would have been affected." （他特别不喜欢的是手术后必须使用血液稀释剂，这可以防止血管阻塞，但也会带来一些其他风险；"当时我骑摩托车，滑雪，所以我的整个生活方式都会受到影响。"）可知，Golesworthy拒绝做手术是因为他的生活方式会因此受到影响，即这会妨碍他享受他的爱好。故选C项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段的He decided he would fix himself. "Learning new stuff and developing new ideas，that was my job，" Golesworthy says. （他决定自己解决问题。"学习新东西，发展新想法，这是我的工作，"Golesworthy说）可知，渴望学习新事物促使塔尔开始考虑修复自己心脏。故选C。
（3）观点态度题。根据第三段的Realizing something had to be done，Golesworthy put his years of experience as research-and-development engineer to good use.He decided he would fix himself. （意识到必须有所作为后，戈尔斯沃西充分利用了自己多年的研发工程师经验），第四段中Following his novel way，Golesworthy subjected himself to 30 hours in an MRI scanner，used 3 D printing to create a physical copy of the faulty part of his heart and then used soft textile mesh （网状物） to make a sleeve to fit around it. （按照他的新颖方式，Golesworthy在核磁共振扫描仪中接受了30个小时的检查，使用3 D打印制作了心脏有缺陷部分的物理副本，然后用柔软的纺织网制作了一个袖子来包裹它）和倒数第二段的Eventually，his determination coupled with the original yet practical solution won him the support of two leading surgeons and helped him raise the money to develop his idea. （最终，他的决心和独创而实用的解决方案为他赢得了两位顶尖外科医生的支持，并帮助他筹集了资金来实现他的想法）可知，Golesworthy非常专业且有决心。A．Pessimistic and active.悲观又积极的；B．Brave and stubborn.勇敢又固执的；C．Aggressive and humorous.好斗又幽默的；D．Professional and determined.专业又坚定的。故选D项。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段The first heart that Tal Goldsworthy，a British engineer，repaired was his own.And his efforts do not only save his life but also bring hope to those who are faced with the same situation. （英国工程师Tal Goldsworthy修复的第一颗心脏是他自己的。他的努力不仅挽救了他的生命，也给那些面临同样处境的人带来了希望）可知，文章主要讲述患有马凡氏综合症的Tal Golesworthy拒绝做手术，而通过自己的努力和专研用3 D打印技术制作出心脏主动脉复制品，通过手术修复了自己的心脏。故选A项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述患有马凡氏综合症的Tal Golesworthy拒绝做手术，而通过自己的努力和专研用3 D打印技术制作出心脏主动脉复制品，通过手术修复了自己的心脏。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】B、B、D、C
【解析】（1）观点态度题。根据文章第二段内容This may be because kids with a so-called growth mind-set，who believe intelligence is changeable，are more likely to focus on their mistakes than those with a fixed mind-set，who believe intelligence is not changeable（这可能是因为有所谓成长心态的孩子认为智力是可变的，比那些有固定心态的孩子更容易专注于自己的错误，他们认为智力是不可变的）可知，成长型思维模式的孩子认为智力是可以改变的，不是一成不变的。A．It is unpredictable.它是不可预测的；B．It is not set in stone.这不是一成不变的；C．It is fixed.它是固定的；D．It is accurate in mind.它在头脑中是准确的。故选B项。
（2）段落大意题。根据文章第三段的关键句In the study，the researchers first（在这项研究中，研究人员首先……），They then asked the children to complete…（然后他们让孩子们完成……），Finally，the researchers analyzed the brain responses...（最后，研究人员分析了大脑的反应……）In general…（总之……）可知，该段主要讲述了这项研究的进展过程。故选B项。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容The study also found that children with a fixed mind-set could still improve their accuracy on the task，but only if they paid close attention to their mistakes.（研究还发现，固定思维模式的孩子仍然可以提高他们在任务中的准确性，但前提是他们要密切注意自己的错误）可知，固定思维模式的孩子在注意自己的错误的前提下是可以提高在任务中的准确性的。故选D项。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章末尾段的总结Instead of shying away from children's mistakes，parents and teachers could offer this advice， 'Mistakes happen，so let's try to pay attention to what went wrong and figure it out.' Schroder said.（家长和老师不应该回避孩子的错误，而应该提出这样的建议："错误是会发生的，所以让我们试着关注出了什么问题，并找出问题所在。"施罗德说）可知，文章以成长型思维和固定思维对待错误的态度的研究引出中心话题正确对待错误，关注错误，并找出问题所在。因此，选项C"Concentrating on Mistakes（关注错误）"贴合话题主旨。故选C项。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究发现，那些认为只要努力学习就能变得更聪明的孩子比那些认为自己的智力水平一成不变的孩子更有可能从错误中恢复过来，强调了正确对待错误，关注错误，并找出问题所在的重要性。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

16~20.【答案】E、F、B、D、G
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据上文Most people suffer some degree of anxiety when preparing for a test.（大多数人在准备考试时都会有某种程度的焦虑。）和下文Whatever your level of anxiety，learning to reduce it is very important to study effectively for a test. （无论你的焦虑程度如何，为了考试而有效地学习是非常重要的。）可知，大多数人准备考试都会紧张，但无论焦虑程度如何，都要进行有效的学习。由此推知，空处提到了焦虑的程度。E项（这可以是轻微的紧张感，也可以是完全的恐慌）符合语境。故选E。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文The most effective way to study is attending class regularly，taking good notes，doing your homework，and above all being an active student.（最有效的学习方法是按时上课，记好笔记，做作业，最重要的是做一个积极的学生。）推知，空处陈述如果你按照上文方法做了，会有什么养的效果，F项（如果你这样做了，那就意味着你为考试做好了充分的准备）符合语境，其中F项中的this指代上文"最有效的学习方法"。故选F。
（3）段落标题题。该空是小标题，用祈使句，在A项和B项中选。根据该段内容Waiting until the night before a test to start studying is likely to increase your anxiety.You will not have time to ask questions or find lost information.You likely feel stressed，and are in a bad situation.Instead of waiting until the last minute，start studying as soon as a test is scheduled.（等到考试前一天晚上才开始学习很可能会增加你的焦虑。你将没有时间问问题或寻找丢失的信息。你可能会感到压力，并且处于糟糕的境地。与其等到最后一刻，不如一有考试就开始学习。）可知，要提前安排好学习时间。所以B项（安排好学习时间）符合语境。故选B。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文Physical activities are great ways to reduce anxiety（体育活动是减少焦虑的好方法。）推知，设空处应该在说体育活动的好处，D项（体育活动会释放内啡肽，让你快乐）符合语境。故选D。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文Sleep deprivation is another cause of anxiety.Stay committed to getting a full 8 hours of sleep or more every night.（睡眠不足是焦虑的另一个原因。保证每晚睡足8小时或更长时间。）可知，要保证睡眠时间。承接上文，G项（这将确保你的大脑得到适当的休息，你可以以一种清新的心态开始学习）符合语境，G项中的this指代上文内容。故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了考前减少焦虑的几个步骤，这将有利于你的成绩和整体心理健康。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

21~40.【答案】C、D、B、A、D、A、D、A、D、B、C、A、B、C、A、B、D、C、B、C
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.thrilled激动的；B.astonished惊讶的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.confused困惑的。句意：我为自己糟糕的字迹和凌乱的书桌感到尴尬。根据后文"by my terrible handwriting and messy desk"可知，作者感到尴尬。故选C项。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.patiently耐心地；B.strictly严格地；C.angrily愤怒地；D.desperately拼命地，绝望地。句意：我拼命地不想让别人注意到我，并隐藏我喜欢读书的事实---那时候大多数男孩都不喜欢读书。根据前文"I felt（1）______by my terrible handwriting and messy desk"可知，作者非常不想让别人注意到自己。故选D项。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.play玩耍；B.read读；C.lead领导；D.joke开玩笑。句意：我拼命地不想让别人注意到我，并隐藏我喜欢读书的事实---那时候大多数男孩都不喜欢读书。根据后文"my love of reading was a strength"可知，作者喜欢读书。故选B项。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.messy凌乱的，不整洁的；B.clumsy笨拙的；C.diligent勤奋的；D.lazy懒惰的。句意：但Caffiere太太帮助我做回了自己---一个邋遢、书呆子气的男孩，她让我明白，我对阅读的热爱是一种力量。根据前文"my terrible handwriting and messy desk"可知，作者当时是个邋遢的学生。故选A项。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.reaction反应；B.pride骄傲；C.honour荣誉；D.passion激情，爱好，酷爱。句意：她通过分享她对不同书籍的热爱，把我从自我封闭中拉了出来。根据前文"she taught me that my love of reading was a strength"可知，她和作者分享她对书籍的热爱。故选D项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.recognized认出，意识到；B.classified分类；C.matched匹配；D.interpreted诠释。句意：当我上六年级的时候，有一天，她注意到我正在读一本Tom Swift Jr.的书，并意识到我可以阅读更复杂的文学作品。根据后文"I could handle more（7）______literature"可知，她意识到作者可以读某些文学作品。故选A项。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.interesting有趣的；B.pleasant令人愉快的；C.normal正常的；D.complex复杂的。句意：当我上六年级的时候，有一天，她注意到我正在读一本Tom Swift Jr.的书，并意识到我可以阅读更复杂的文学作品。根据后文"She（8）______ me with more challenging texts"可知，她认为作者可以阅读更复杂的作品。故选D项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.presented颁发，提出，把……交给；B.concerned涉及，与……有关；C.disturbed打扰；D.replaced替换。句意：她给我看了一些更具挑战性的文章，并花时间和我讨论，"你喜欢吗？"她会问。根据后文"me with more challenging texts"可知，她交给作者一些文章。故选A项。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.roughly粗略地；C.honestly诚实地；D.genuinely真诚地。句意：她真诚地听我说的话。根据语境和后文"listened to what I had to say"以及"we became good friends"可知，她真诚地听作者说话。故选D项。
（10）考查介词及语境理解。A.Within在……之内；B.Through通过；C.Upon在……上；D.Under在……下面。句意：通过这些谈话，我们成了好朋友。根据后文"those conversations"以及"we became good friends"可知，通过这些谈话，他们成为好朋友。故选B项。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.adjusted调整；B.compared比较；C.introduced介绍；D.referred涉及。句意：同时，她给我介绍了历代名人的传记。根据后文"biographies of famous people throughout history"可知，她向作者介绍这些书籍。故选C项。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.burden （使）负担； B.satisfy使满意；C.threaten威胁；D.help帮助。句意：当我们还在上小学的时候，老师们通常不想给他们的小学生增加额外的阅读作业的负担。根据前文"As we were in primary school"及后文"extra reading assignments"可知，老师不想给小学生增加过多负担。故选A项。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.skills技巧；B.knowledge知识；C.problems问题；D.stories故事。句意：然而，我从Cafiere夫人那里了解到，我的老师很乐意分享他们的知识，我只需要问我对这个世界有什么想知道的。根据后文"I just needed to ask what I wondered about the world"可知，老师很乐意分享他们的知识。故选B项。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.miss思念，错过；B.comfort安慰；C.consult咨询，请教；D.persuade说服。句意：我经常向我的老师请教他们喜欢读的书，阅读这些书，并提出我的想法。根据前文"I just needed to ask what I wondered about the world"及后文"my teachers about the books they liked"可知，作者向老师请教他们喜欢读的书。故选C项。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.thoughts思想，想法；B.praise赞扬；C.secrets秘密；D.criticism批评。句意：我经常向我的老师请教他们喜欢的书，阅读这些书，并提出我的想法。根据语境、常识和前文"read those books"可知，作者读书后，提出自己的想法。故选A项。
（16）考查形容词及语境理解。A.mistaken被误解的；B.essential本质的，完全必要的；C.indifferent漠不关心的；D.casual随便的。句意：渐渐地，我成为了一个终身学习者，我认为阅读是成功的必要条件，我读了很多书---几乎每周读一本书，一年读50本书。根据后文"I read a lot — almost one book per week，fifty books a year"可知，作者认为读书是成功的必要条件。故选B项。
（17）考查名词及语境理解。A.reason理由；B.possibility可能性；C.need需要；D.doubt怀疑。句意：现在回想起来，毫无疑问，我和Cafiere夫人在一起的时光激发了我对书籍的兴趣。根据后文"that my time with Mrs.Caffiere helped（18）______my interest in books"可知，作者在老师的帮助下对阅读产生了兴趣，这是毫无疑问的。故选D项。
（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.defend防守；B.accept接受；C.fuel给……提供燃料，刺激，增强；D.end终止。句意：现在回想起来，毫无疑问，我和Cafiere夫人在一起的时光激发了我对书籍的兴趣。根据语境和后文"my interest in books"可知，作者和Cafiere夫人一起阅读的时光激发（增强）了作者的阅读兴趣。故选C项。
（19）考查形容词及语境理解。A.highly-developed高度发达的；B.far-reaching影响深远的；C.slightly-ignored稍微忽略的；D.fast-paced快节奏的。句意：她不仅对我产生了深远的影响，而且在塑造一个孩子的生活方面发挥了非凡的作用。根据前文"Caffiere helped（18）______ my interest in books."及后文"she played a remarkable role in shaping the life of a child"可知，Cafiere夫人对作者产生了深远的影响。故选B项。
（20）考查名词及语境理解。A.encouragement鼓励；B.gift礼物；C.credit信誉，赞扬；D.possessions财产。句意：Cafiere夫人，您应该因你的同理心和指导而受到赞扬，您让我成为今天的我。基于前文"She deserves big credit for helping me become the man I am today."（她帮助我成为今天的我，值得高度赞扬）和并根据后文"for your empathy and guidance to make me what I am today"可知，Cafiere夫人应该受到赞扬。故选C项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在Blanche Caffiere的帮助下，热爱阅读，并走向成功的故事。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。

41.【答案】【小题1】various/varied
【小题2】as
【小题3】which
【小题4】Living
【小题5】to care
【小题6】has devoted
【小题7】simply
【小题8】Although/Though/While
【小题9】began
【小题10】better
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：尽管困难重重，33年来，82岁的中国老人罗英九一直独自经营着湖北恩施的一家小动物园。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词difficulties，所以空处应该用形容词修饰名词，vary的形容词是various/varied。故填various/varied。
（2）考查介词搭配。句意：在独自一人的凤凰山动物园，罗担任园长、清洁工、饲养员、兽医和售票员。serve as是固定动词短语，意为"充当"之意。故填as。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：动物园里的大多数动物都是又老又弱的，其中很多都是罗救的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是residents，指物，位于介词of后应用关系代词which，构成"介词+关系代词"结构引导定语从句。故填which。
（4）考查现在分词。句意：罗自己住在动物园里，早上5点左右起床，检查动物的状况，清洁它们的围栏，然后去市场为它们买饲料。此处应用非谓语动词作状语，live和逻辑主语Luo是主动关系，应用现在分词，句首单词首字母大写。故填Living。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：晚上，他观察动物，给它们补充食物和水，甚至在凌晨2点左右起床照顾年长的动物。结合句意和句子结构可知，"他凌晨两点左右起床"的目的是照顾年长的动物，所以空处应填不定式作目的状语。故填to care。
（6）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的33年里，罗一直致力于动物园并坚持不懈。根据时间状语Over the past 33 years可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语Luo是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has devoted。
（7）考查副词。句意：他生活经济，饮食简单，从不外出在餐馆用餐。分析句子结构可知，修饰动词eats应用所给词的副词形式，simple的副词是simply。故填simply。
（8）考查状语从句。句意：虽然他的退休工资每月约为5000元，足够在这么小的地方过上好日子，但他已经负债来支付动物园的费用。结合句意可知，"his retirement salary is about 5，000 yuan per month"和"he has fallen into debt to cover the zoo's expenses."是转折让步关系，应用连词although/though/while引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Although/Though/While。
（9）考查时态。句意：去年1月，老人的孙女Luo Wei开始在网上发布他照顾这些动物的短视频，希望提高人们对动物园的认识，让人们更好地了解爷爷的工作。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语Last January可知，句子为一般过去时。故填began。
（10）考查固定短语和比较级。意：去年1月，老人的孙女Luo Wei开始在网上发布他照顾这些动物的短视频，希望提高人们对动物园的认识，让人们更好地了解爷爷的工作。结合句意，表达"对……有更好的理解"用have a better understanding of。故填better。
本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了82岁的中国老人罗应玖一直独自经营着湖北恩施的一家小动物园的故事。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

42.【答案】Swimming has been my favourite  sports since I was young.At that time，I was often  took to a pool to practice swimming by my mother.Whenever I saw my mother to dive into the swimming pool，I couldn't help  follow her bravely.Gradually，I became interested in swimming.The reason  that I like swimming is that I feel it fun to swim.Besides，I consider  them a good way to reduce my stress.I feel  extreme relaxed when I swim in the water.What's more，I  became stronger and stronger because of the frequent swimming.In ∧word，swimming is good for us.So，let's swim together and stay  health.
详解：
1.考查可数名词的单数。句意：游泳从小就是我最喜欢的运动。此处表示"游泳是我最喜欢的运动"，所以运动应为单数，故将sports改为sport。
2.考查动词语态。句意：那时，妈妈经常带我去游泳池练习游泳。此处表示"我被妈妈带去游泳"，主语I 和动词take是被动关系，且句子描述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态，take应用过去分词形式，故将took改为taken。
3.考查不带to的动词不定式。句意：每当我看到妈妈跳进游泳池，我就情不自禁地勇敢地跟着她。see sb.do固定搭配，意为"看见某人做了某事"，此处应用动词原形dive作宾语补足语，to是多余的，故删除to。
4.考查动名词。句意：每当我看到妈妈跳进游泳池，我就情不自禁地勇敢地跟着她。couldn't help doing固定搭配，意为"忍不住做某事"，故将follow改为following。
5.考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢游泳的原因是我觉得游泳很有趣。"I like swimming"为定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，且从句中缺少原因状语，应用关系副词why引导，故将that改为why。
6.考查代词。句意：此外，我认为这是减轻我压力的一个很好的方法。此处应用代词it代指前面提到的swimming，作宾语，故将them改为it。
7.考查副词。句意：当我在水里游泳时，我感到非常放松。此处应用副词extremely修饰形容词relaxed，作状语，故将extreme改为extremely。
8.考查动词时态。句意：而且，由于经常游泳，我变得越来越强壮。此处在描述游泳给作者带来的好处，描述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时，故将became改为become。
9.考查冠词的固定搭配。句意：总之，游泳对我们有好处。in a word固定搭配，意为"总之"，故在word前加a。
10.考查形容词。句意：所以，让我们一起游泳，保持健康。stay是系动词，后面需要用形容词healthy作表语，stay healthy意为"保持健康"，故将health改为healthy。
【解析】这是一篇说明文。游泳是作者最喜欢的运动。文章介绍了作者喜欢游泳的原因以及游泳给作者带来的好处。
1.先通读全文。认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清大意。注意文章中上下文的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致。
2.聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识，对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答（即改词、加词或减词）。
3.再次通读全文，校对自己的改正是否正确。一般各种改错的方式都应该用到，如果出现了某一种改法（如加词、减词等）没有用到，要考虑自己的改错应该有问题，要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推敲。

43.【答案】Dear Miss Grant，
In order to stimulate students' interest in learning English，there will be an English drama competition in our school.【高分句型一】So I am writing this e-mail to invite you to be a judge of the competition.（写信事由）
The competition will be held in the school performing hall next Friday afternoon.It will start at 2 p.m.and last for two hours.Teams participating in the competition will perform in order in the form of a draw.The judges will give them marks based on their performance.Finally，the first，the second，the third and outstanding teams will be selected according to the score ranking.（比赛安排）
I would be most grateful if you would accept my invitation.【高分句型二】Looking forward to your early reply.（表示感谢）
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：In order to stimulate students' interest in learning English，there will be an English drama competition in our school.
翻译：为了激发学生学习英语的兴趣，我们学校将举行一次英语戏剧比赛。
分析：运用了there be句式。
高分句型二：I would be most grateful if you would accept my invitation.
翻译：如果你能接受我的邀请，我将不胜感激。
分析：运用了if引导条件状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。