2022-2023学年天津市高考英语最后一卷02解析版

这是一份2022-2023学年天津市高考英语最后一卷02解析版，共28页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分第Ⅰ卷两部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 2023年高考最后一卷（天津卷）
英语
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．---I’ve sold my first painting！
---______. Someone actually thinks your painting fantastic.
A．You got me B．I’m stuck here with you
C．It’s really hard to say D．This is really something
2．______ to change his plans, Mark Twain worked for several years as a pilot on a steamboat, ______ passengers up and down the Mississippi.
A．Forced; taking B．To force; took C．Forced; taken D．Forcing; taking
3．Tom has been dreaming of becoming a banker and I believe he finance in university at the age of 20.
A．will be studying B．had studied
C．has studied D．would study
4．It is ________ he often feels sleepy in class ________ makes his teachers worried about him.
A．what; that B．that; what C．that; that D．/; that
5．I wonder what makes TikTok popular among people of all ages. People have devoted most of their energies which ______for other more significant things.
A．would be saved B．could have been saved C．must have been saved D．should be saved
6．Some 76,300 high school students went abroad for their education, ______ 23 percent of all the Chinese students studying abroad.
A．taking up B．taken up C．to take up D．having taken up
7．For the sake of our human beings’ health and happiness, posters were put up around the community to _________public concern over environment protection.
A．accumulate B．preserve C．cause D．arouse
8．-That can't be! They______for forty minutes but no one has scored a goal yet．
-Too bad! It's almost half-time．
A．had played B．played
C．have been playing D．were playing
9．Have you ever had a case ______ someone accused your journalists ______ getting the wrong end of the stick?
A．when; with B．where; of C．in which; with D．where; with
10．—Marry, will you please guide the newcomer to them all?
—________. I am free now.
A．By all means B．I’ll take it C．By no means D．My pleasure
11．We must be in a place of peace and faith, so internal conflict and disbelief do not hold back ________ it is possible for us to achieve.
A．how B．what C．why D．where
12．Mr. Smith used to smoke______ but he has given it up.
A．seriously B．heavily C．badly D．hardly
13．________ the economy enters a “new normal” and growth slows, China’s economy will rely more on creativity to drive its growth.
A．Although B．As C．Before D．Until
14．How can we improve medical care to benefit people?________, how can we create a healthcare system that helps people?
A．In addition B．On the other hand C．In other words D．On the contrary
15．—How is the man injured in the accident?
—The doctor said if________ in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.
A．treated B．treating C．is treated D．to be treated
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I was on jury (陪审团) duty in downtown Pittsburgh and decided to take a walk during our one-hour lunch break. As I was walking, I noticed an elderly lady holding up a(n)____16____, which said: “Will work for $, trying to get home.” I____17____putting several dollars in her box, but all I had was a twenty-dollar bill I____18____to use for groceries on my way home.____19____, I didn’t want to part with it. So I started to walk away, but eventually I____20____.
I started a___21___with her. Her name was Katie, and she was____22____. She’d been a dishwasher, but lost her job and____23____on the street. She wanted to go to Colorado Springs where she had relatives. She wasn’t having much____24____with her sign and donations. I really wanted to_____25_____her, but I had only about forty-five minutes to return to the courtroom.
Then I made up my mind. I told her I’d_____26_____her to the Greyhound station, even though it was a fifteen-minute walk. I looked again in my_____27_____, and the twenty-dollar bill stared at me. Then I noticed an old credit card I hadn’t____28____for over a year. I didn’t think it would work. But I decided to give it a(n)_____29_____when we passed an ATM。To my great_____30_____, the money came out.
On reaching the Greyhound station, I bought Katie a_____31_____and gave her the rest of the money for food. She was so_____32_____that she hugged me tightly before I waved goodbye.
I ran back to the courtroom and felt great_____33_____that I made it just in time. What made me more_____34_____was that the rest of the day went smoothly. Just as a saying goes, “Helping others is_____35_____helping ourselves”.
16．A．letter B．sign C．article D．invitation
17．A．gave up B．set about C．insisted on D．thought of
18．A．intended B．offered C．promised D．remembered
19．A．Strangely B．Unwillingly C．Selfishly D．Ridiculously
20．A．kept on B．turned back C．looked up D．got through
21．A．conversation B．discussion C．negotiation D．compromise
22．A．hopeless B．fearless C．speechless D．homeless
23．A．fell over B．broke down C．ended up D．settled down
24．A．luck B．patience C．courage D．experience
25．A．save B．help C．believe. D．please
26．A．attract B．drive C．recommend D．accompany
27．A．car B．wallet C．suitcase D．parcel
28．A．seen B．charged C．used D．repaid
29．A．try B．name C．honor D．award
30．A．pride B．credit C．puzzle D．surprise
31．A．ticket B．lunch C．souvenir D．drink
32．A．generous B．friendly C．grateful D．outgoing
33．A．duty B．relief C．challenge D．reward
34．A．energetic B．optimistic C．touched D．delighted
35．A．properly B．personally C．actually D．especially
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you struggling to be yourself at work? Tired of being behind schedule? Here are some important work tips that you can follow to improve your productivity.
Focusing on One Task
Some people have the habit of multitasking, which is great, but it might distract you from the bigger picture. Multitasking might help you with different tasks. You might also feel like the jack of all trades (万事通) but your productivity won’t increase in the long run.
Focus on one task at a time and this will allow you to complete that task with high standards. When the task is done, you can move on to the next one.
Setting Small but Effective Goals
You will be given large and challenging tasks at work and what matters is how you deal with them. Stress might be the normal response here but you can also play it smart. You can break any large task into small but manageable tasks, which will help you stay productive and will also make the best of time.
Think of it like building blocks and you will have to focus on one small task at a time but the end result will be fascinating.
Setting Self-Imposed (自己强加的) Deadlines
Setting self-imposed deadlines can actually help you be more productive at work Stress is a bad thing, but self-imposed stress can actually help us focus and be better. You can do really well with open-ended tasks or projects once you give yourself a deadline. Stick to that deadline and you will be surprised by the miracles that you can perform at work.
Trying Following the “Two-Minute” Rule
Steve Olenski is one of the finest entrepreneurs to date and he has given wonderful advice in the shape of the “Two-Minute” Rule. The “Two-Minute” Rule is basically about making the best out of small windows at work. Olenski tells us that if there is a task at work, and you can do it in 2 minutes, then you do it immediately. When you complete that small task, you don’t actually have to waste more time getting back to it, which also increases your productivity.
36．By focusing on one task, you may________.
A．feel like the jack of all trades B．finish that task with high standards
C．distract yourself from the bigger picture D．reduce your work efficiency
37．What is the author’s suggestion for handling difficult tasks?
A．Respond to them tensely. B．Make a plan in advance.
C．Break them into manageable ones. D．Focus on the results all the time.
38．You can do well with open-ended tasks or projects if you________.
A．learn to take a break B．perform miracles at work
C．impose a deadline on yourself D．compare them to building blocks
39．What is TRUE about the “Two-Minute” Rule?
A．It involves doing a small task without delay. B．It applies to all kinds of tasks.
C．It is criticized by Steve Olenski. D．It requires getting back to tasks.
40．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A．To share his work experience with the reader. B．To point out the importance of time management.
C．To introduce the ways of achieving goals. D．To offer tips on enhancing productivity.
B
If Natalie Morales had to describe her mom in just one word, she would pick: survivor. That’s because her mom, Penelope Morales had a tough childhood. “Her mother wasn’t ready to be a mom and gave her up to her grandmother,” says Natalie, “I think she often felt in life like she wasn’t wanted and wasn’t loved.”
Penelope Morales put herself through college and it was there that she met Natalie’s dad, who was serving in the military. They fell in love and married, and her life as a military mom of three children became a great adventure. “She basically raised us moving from place to place. I was born in Taiwan, China, but we lived in Panama, Brazil and Spain. And my mom was the constant,” says Natalie, “She would always make sure that when we got home from school, we felt like we had our number-one fan, our champion right there, waiting for us.” Along the way, Natalie learned many things from her mother, which she carries on in her role as a mother of two sons.
As a Mother’s Day gift, Natalie treated her mom to a day of pampering (宠爱). “I want my mom to feel like a queen,” she says. And as part of the surprise, Natalie brought along an old photo of her mother, which she wanted to recreate. “I think it was taken in the mid-60s. So she was in her early to mid twenties. She’s just absolutely a beautiful woman. But she’s looking in the mirror. It’s like not knowing really her future, but knowing where she’s come from,” describes Natalie. “That picture just speaks so much to me. I want her to see what she created in that mirror, and that she gave us all something so great.”
“It’s just an amazing experience to take this picture and have Natalie do it. I could never imagine in my entire life,” says Penelope Morales, who adds that she’s very proud of her daughter, “All I want her is to be happy and to raise her children the same way,” she says.
41．What can be inferred about Natalie’s mother?
A．She survived an adventure fortunately.
B．Her mother gave her up because of poverty.
C．At college she met her husband, a schoolmate.
D．Her mother felt that she was nothing.
42．What did Natalie learn from her mother?
A．Giving children great love.
B．Moving house constantly.
C．Always picking up children from school.
D．Often taking children on adventures.
43．What did Natalie do on Mother’s Day?
A．She treated her mother to a big meal.
B．She took her mother to take pictures.
C．She pleased her mother by polishing an old photo.
D．She gave her mother a big surprise with her sons.
44．What can we say about the gift Natalie gave her mother?
A．It was expected.
B．It was a success.
C．It made her mother dependent on her.
D．It brought tears to her mother’s eyes.
45．What does the author mainly want to tell us in the passage?
A．Natalie loves and respects her mother very much.
B．Natalie’s mother has suffered too much all her life.
C．Natalie’s mother thinks highly of her daughter’s gift.
D．Natalie’s “survivor” mom deserves the special Mother’s Day gift.
C
Canaries, a kind of small yellow songbirds, are more sensitive to carbon monoxide (CO) than people are. Thus they were routinely taken into mines as men went about their work of mining for coal. CO could quickly poison many miners before they even knew what was happening. If a canary stopped singing, this was an indicator of rising CO levels. Now ecologists think they’ve found a “canary” that could predict possible disaster for tropical (热带的) ecosystems—the cricket (a small brown jumping insect).
Crickets are tiny, present in large numbers and, most importantly, noisy. The chirps (唧唧叫声) of individual species are identifiably different. Researchers had previously wondered if ecosystems might be monitored by listening to how the sounds of their crickets change over time.
Amandine Gasc and her colleagues studied cricket populations on Grande Terre Island in New Caledonia, where multiple ecosystems often exist very near to each other. They collected crickets at 12 sampling sites. Four were healthy forest sites, four were shrubland (灌木地) areas, which is often created when people cut down forests, and four were shrubland areas that were turning into forests again. They listened for insects in square zones and ran ten 30-minute collection sessions at each site.
Dr. Gasc described how each ecosystem had, in effect, a distinct “cricket fingerprint”. Species richness varies considerably among the different environments. Of the 20 cricket species found in the healthy forest, 12 were unique to that habitat alone, 2 of the 15 species found in transitioning forests were unique to this habitat and 3 of the 7 shrubland species were unique to shrubland.
Just by looking at the crickets found in a given location, the team found that it was possible to determine whether they were looking at shrubland, forest or shrubland that was changing into the forest. There was no need to examine the other surrounding plants or animals.
What’s more, Dr. Gasc’s team found each habitat contained cricket species that generated their identifiable chirps. This suggests that setting up audio recorders in forests that pick up cricket calls will be an easy, cheap and accurate way to detect the early stages of change in tropical ecosystems.
46．Why did miners take the canary into mines?
A．To bring down CO levels.
B．To promote their work efficiency.
C．To offer them some entertainment.
D．To remind them of the potential danger.
47．How did Dr. Gasc and her colleagues carry out their study?
A．By analyzing “cricket fingerprints”.
B．By comparing plants in different zones.
C．By observing the changes in landscapes.
D．By referring to previous findings on crickets.
48．What conclusion may Dr. Gasc and her colleagues draw from their study?
A．Healthy forests may attract fitter crickets.
B．Crickets are suitable to be indicators in mines.
C．Different species of crickets may sound different alarms.
D．The species of crickets are strongly related to the environment.
49．What’s the point of Dr. Gasc’s studying crickets?
A．To enrich the methods of monitoring the crickets.
B．To arouse people’s awareness of protecting crickets.
C．To correct the previous wrong recognition of crickets.
D．To help humans easily monitor environmental changes.
50．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Canaries: miners’ good helpers.
B．How crickets are distributed in tropical areas.
C．Crickets: an early indicator of tropical ecosystem health.
D．Why cricket chirps are collected on Grande Terre Island.
D
Reading is a complex and crucial skill that impacts the youth’s ability to perform as students. Therefore, it’s important to develop reading skills during childhood. A team of researchers focused on the effect of whole-body learning in instruction, known as embodied learning.
The research included 149 children, aged 5 to 6, who had just started school. They were divided into three groups: one that stood up and used their whole bodies to shape letter sounds; a seated group that shaped letter sounds with their hands and arms; and a control group that received traditional, seated instruction during which they wrote letters by hand.
“Our research showed that children who used their whole bodies to shape the sounds of letters became twice as proficient at letter sounds that are more difficult to learn as those who received traditional instruction” says PhD student Linn Damsgaard of UCPH’s Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports.
With regard to difficult letter sounds, she adds, “There are many difficult letter sounds in Danish. These sounds are particularly important because once children become skilled at them, they will be better readers.
Associate professor Jacob Wienecke, who led the study, explains, the primary goal is to learn more about which methods can be used to give beginner readers a good start. The idea is that if, through play and movement, we can learn where their strengths truly lie, we’ll create a form of learning that combines reading with play, and that’s truly positive.”
Previously, the researchers showed that the children felt more motivated by teaching methods which included physical movement. Jacob Wienecke hopes this will provide an opportunity to inspire teachers and school managers to prioritize movement across subjects.
The study also investigated whether a direct effect of embodied learning could be found on children’s reading of words. This was not possible, which might be due to the fact that the children were at such an early stage of their literacy development that they could not yet use their knowledge of letter sounds to read words.
51．What were the participants required to do in the study?
A．To pick out difficult letter sounds in Danish.
B．To learn new letters through repeated writing.
C．To learn letter sounds using different approaches.
D．To memorize some letter sounds as soon as possible.
52．How can embodied learning get children actively involved?
A．By combining learning with games.
B．By offering them chances to cooperate.
C．By inspiring them to overcome difficulties.
D．By explaining instructions to them patiently.
53．What does the underlined word “proficient” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．terrible. B．skilled.
C．delighted. D．fascinated.
54．What does Jacob expect of the research finding?
A．Encouraging educators to apply it to teaching.
B．Enabling researchers to carry out further studies.
C．Urging schools to pay attention to physical exercise.
D．Promoting harmonious teacher-student relationships.
55．What does the last paragraph intend to tell us?
A．Children prefer learning step by step.
B．Children are too little to use their knowledge smartly.
C．Children lack enough practice to get fully improved.
D．Children’s learning still relies on adults’ instruction.
第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。
Life on the street is a constant struggle for homeless people. In extreme weather conditions, that struggle becomes even more difficult. Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night.
Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen. On January 30, 34-year-old Candice Payne, a local managing broker, was lucky enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions. “It was -20℃, and I knew they were going to be sleeping on ice and I had to do something,” said Payne. Payne started brainstorming different ways she could possibly help. Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.
For Payne, her mission was personal. According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experience, Payne knew that the homeless people still living on the street desperately needed help and she wanted to step up.
However, when Payne explained what she was trying to do, many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn’t want homeless people to stay in their rooms. “No one wanted them, but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms,” said Payne.
Payne’s selfless act made news across the country. However, she insisted she had never done it for attention. “I am a regular person,” said Payne, who spent thousands of dollars of her own money to help complete strangers. “It all sounded like a rich person did this, but I’m just a little black girl from the South Side.”
56．What was the biggest problem homeless people had when extreme weather came? (no more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________
57．Why was Candice Payne determined to help homeless people? (no more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________
58．How did Candice Payne help the homeless people? (no more than 8 words)
_______________________________________________________________
59．What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph? (no more than 3 words)
_______________________________________________________________
60．What do you think of Payne? Please give your reasons. (no more than 20 words)
_______________________________________________________________
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61．假如你是李响，你的加拿大朋友 Chris 在来信中说他班里的一位华裔学生在课余时间到培训机构学习钢琴、美术和打网球，非常忙碌。他很好奇中国的中学生如何安排课余生活。请根据以下提示给他回信：
1)简要介绍中国中学生的课余生活状况及原因；
2)你的课余生活安排和最喜欢做的事情；
3)询问加拿大中学生如何安排课余生活。
注意：字数不少于100;可适当增加细节，以使内容充实，行文连贯;信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
It was great to hear from you!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Best regards,
Li Xiang

参考答案：
1．D
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我卖掉了我的第一幅画！——太棒了！一定有人认为你的画是极好的。A. You got me你难住我了；B. I’m stuck here with you我和你都已困在这里了；C. It’s really hard to say很难说；D. This is really something太棒了，好极了。根据“Someone actually thinks your painting fantastic.”可知，这幅画太棒了。故选D。
2．A
【详解】考查过去分词与现在分词。句意：被强迫改变他的计划，马克·吐温在汽船上开船开了好几年，带旅客在密西西比河上来来往往。这句话的谓语动词是worked，所以两个空格处都应使用非谓语动词。Mark Twain 与force之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。Mark Twain作为船长，与take之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选A。
【点睛】非谓语动词的选择主要分为两步：1. 首先要分析句子成分，看主句谓语动词是什么，空格处是不是填非谓语动词。一般来说，一个句子只有一个谓语动词，若不是分号隔开或并列连词连接的，其它与动作有关的词都应使用非谓语动词。2. 确定非谓语动词修饰的名词与空格处单词是主动关系还是被动关系，如果是主动关系，用现在分词，如果是被动关系用过去分词，如果不是主被动关系，表达一件事情的目的一般用不定式。例如解本题时，就是依据这两步解题。主要依据的是句子主语Mark Twain与两个主语之间的主被动关系。
3．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：Tom一直梦想成为一名银行家，我相信他20岁时会在大学里学习金融。“at the age of 20”标明是将来某一时间点发生的事情，应该用将来进行时，故A项正确。
4．C
【详解】考查连词。句意：他经常在课堂上打瞌睡，这使他的老师担心他。分析句子成分可知：句子的主语为_________ he often feels sleepy in class,第一个设空处引导从句在句中作主语，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，故用that；强调句结构为：it is/was +强调成分+that+其他。本句强调主语that he often feels sleepy in class,故第二个设空处应为that。故答案为C.
5．B
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：我想知道是什么让TikTok在所有年龄段的人当中都很受欢迎。人们把大部分精力都花在了本来可以用来做其他更重要的事情上。本题考查could + have done结构，表示过去本来有能力、有可能、有打算、有选择做某事的，但实际上却没有那样做，通常译为“本来可以”，“本来能够”，根据句意分析，主语energy与谓语动词save构成被动意义，故答案为could have been saved，所以选B。
6．A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：约有76300名高中生出国接受教育，占中国留学生总数的23%。76,300 high school students与take up之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，非谓语表示的动作与谓语动作是同时发生的，故A项正确。
7．D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了我们人类的健康和幸福，海报贴满了社区，以引起公众对环境保护的关注。A. accumulate积累；B. preserve保存；C. cause导致；D. arouse引起。由语意可知，我们把海报贴满社区，目的是引起公众对环境保护的关注。故选D项。
8．C
【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：——那不可能！他们已经四十分钟了还没有人进球。——太糟糕了，时间快过一半了。根据for forty minutes 可知他们已经进行了四十分钟了还没进球，再根据下句 It's almost half-time可知还要进行下去，所以要用现在完成进行时表示“表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去”的动作，所以C符合语境，故选C。
9．B
【详解】考查定语从句关系词和固定搭配。句意：你有没有遇到过这种情况，有人指控你的记者把情况完全搞错了？分析句子结构可知，“______someone accused your journalists ________ getting the wrong end of the stick”是定语从句，先行词是case(情况)，且定语从句中缺少地点状语，即in the case，所以应用关系副词where或是in which。“指控某人某事”应用accuse sb. of sth.，是固定搭配，故选B。
10．A
【详解】考查口语交际。句意：——玛丽，请你把新来的人都介绍给他们好吗?——当然可以。我现在有空。A. By all means当然可以；B. I’ll take it我要买下它；C. By no means绝对不行；D. My pleasure.我的荣幸，不用谢，不客气。上文提出请求，结合后面表示此时有空闲时间可知，应该是答应对方请求。故选A项。
11．B
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们必须在一个有和平和信念的地方，这样内部冲突和怀疑就挡不住我们可能得到的东西。A. how如何；B. what什么，……的（事物）；C. why为何；D. where哪儿。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what。故选B。
12．B
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：史密斯先生过去烟瘾很大，但他已经戒了。A. seriously严肃地；B. heavily大量地，程度很深地；C. badly很，非常；D. hardly几乎不。结合句意表达“烟瘾很大”用somke heavily。故选B。
13．B
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：随着经济进入“新常态”和增长放缓，中国经济将更多地依靠创造力来推动增长。A. Although虽然；B. As随着；C. Before在……之前；D. Until直到。引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”应用as。故选B。
14．C
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：我们如何改善医疗服务以造福人民？换句话说，我们怎样才能建立一个帮助人们的医疗体系？A. In addition此外；B. On the other hand另一方面；C. In other words换句话说；D. On the contrary与此相反。根据句意可知，In other words“换句话说”符合语意。故选C。
15．A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：——那个人在事故中是怎么受伤的？——医生说如果治疗得当，他是有可能得救的。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词。if引导的条件状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词为was，则可以省略从句的主语和be动词，故用done形式作状语。故选A。

16．B 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．D 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．C

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一次午餐间隙散步时偶遇一名在街上求助的失业且无家可归的女士，后来作者送这位女士去了车站，不但帮她买了车票，还把剩余的钱都给了她。作者通过自身的经历想要告诉我们：帮助他人事实上就是在帮助自己。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走着的时候，我注意到一位老妇人举着一个标牌，上面写着：“将为美元工作，想回家。”A. letter信；B. sign标牌；C. article论文；    D. invitation请柬。根据句中“which said: "Will work for $, trying to get home”可知，老妇人手里举着的是标牌(sign)。故选B项。
17．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想把几美元放进她的盒子里，但我只有一张20美元的钞票，我打算在回家的路上用来买食品。A. gave up放弃；B. set about出发；C. insisted on坚持；D. thought of想，考虑。根据句中“but all I had was a twenty-dollar bill I_ 3_ _to use for groceries on my way home.”可知，作者剩20美元打算买食品的，因此，作者当时只是想（thought of）给这个老妇人几美元，并没有给。因此选D项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想把几美元放进她的盒子里，但我只有一张20美元的钞票，我打算在回家的路上用来买食品。A. intended打算；B. offered提供；C. promised承诺；D. remembered记住。根据句中“to use for groceries on my way home.”可知，作者打算（intended）用这20美元去食品杂货店买食品的，故选A项。
19．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很自私，不想放弃这20美元。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Unwillingly不情愿地；C. Selfishly自私地；D. Ridiculously可笑地。根据“I didn’t want to part with it.”可知，作者不想把钱给这位举牌求助的老妇人，但是又觉得这样做很自私。故选C项。
20．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始走开，但最终又返回来了。A. kept on坚持；B. turned back返回；C. looked up查；D. got through度过。根据下文“I started a　　6　　with her. Her name was Katie”可知，作者返回来（turned hack）想了解情况并进一步帮助老妇人。故选B项。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始和她谈话。A. conversation谈话，聊天；B. discussion讨论；C. negotiation谈判；D. compromise妥协。根据下文“Her name was Katie, and she was　　7　　. She'd been a dishwasher, but lost her job and　　8　　on the street.”可知，作者通过与老人谈话（conversation）得知她叫凯蒂，以前是个洗碗工，但现在失业了，流落街头。故选A项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她叫凯蒂，无家可归。A. hopeless没有希望的；    B. fearless无畏的；C. speechless无言以对的；D. homeless无家可归的。根据上文提到，老妇人举着牌子求助以及句中“but lost her job and　　8　　on the street.”可知，她失业了，在大街上无家可归（homeless）。故选D项。
23．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她以前是个洗碗工，但失业了，最终流落街头。A. fell over落在…外；B. broke down分解；C. ended up最终；D. settled down定居。根据下文“She wanted to go to Colorado Springs where she had relatives.”可知，老妇人想去科罗拉多斯普林斯投奔亲戚，可见她在匹兹堡市最终是（ended up）流落街头。故选C项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她写的牌子和需要的捐款都不太幸运，并没有起到什么作用。A. luck幸运；B. patience耐心；C. courage勇气；D. experience经历。根据上下文语境可知，老夫人的举牌求助并没有起到什么作用，没有找到工作也没有筹到钱。因此，作者看到她不太走运（luck）。故选A项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很想帮她，但我回到法庭只有45分钟的时间。A. save挽救；B. help帮助；C. believe相信；D. please请。根据“and she was　　7　　. She'd been a dishwasher, but lost her job and　　8　　on the street.”可知，老妇人失业了并流落街头，作者很想帮助（help）她。故选B项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我会陪她去Greyhound站，尽管步行需要15分钟。A. attract吸引；B. drive驾驶；C. recommend推荐；D. accompany陪同。根据第四段中的“On reaching the Greyhound station, I bought Katie a　　16　　and gave her the rest of the money for food.”可知，作者陪同（accompany）老妇人到了Greyhound站，并且给老人买食物的钱。故选D项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我又看了看我的钱包，感觉似乎那张20美元的钞票正在盯着我。A. car车；B. wallet钱包；C. suitcase手提箱；D. parcel包裹。根据“and the twenty-dollar bill stared at me.”可知，作者是看他的钱包（wallet），故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我注意到一张我一年多没用过的旧信用卡。A. seen看见；B. charged支付；C. used使用；D. repaid偿还。根据下文“I didn't think it would work.”，作者认为这个信用卡无效了，可推知他已经有很久没有使用（used）它了。故选C项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定试一试。令我吃惊的是，插入自动取款机时，钱出来了。A. try尝试；B. name名字；C. honor荣誉；D. award奖励。根据下文“To my great　　15　　, the money came out.”可知，钱从自动取款机里面出来了，因此推知，他当时虽然认为那个信用卡失效了，但是他还是决定试一试（try）。故选A项。
30．考查名词词义辨析及固定搭配。句意：我决定试一试。令我吃惊的是，插入自动取款机时，钱出来了。 A. pride骄傲；B. credit信用；C. puzzle疑问；D. surprise惊讶。固定短语to one's surprise意为“使某人惊讶的是……”，根“I didn't think it would work.” 以及“the money came out.”可知，作者本以为信用卡失效了，但是尝试了一下，钱居然出来了，因此令他很吃惊（surprise）。故选D项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到 Greyhound站时，我给凯蒂买了一张票，把剩下的钱给了她买了吃的。A. ticket票；B. lunch午餐；C. souvenir纪念品；D. drink饮料。根据第二段中“She wanted to go to Colorado Springs where she had relatives.”以及第三段“I told her I'd　　11　　her to the Greyhound station,”可知，老妇人想去科罗拉多斯普林斯投奔亲戚，作者陪她到通往科罗拉多斯普林斯的车站，并给她买了车票（ticket）。故选A项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她非常感激，所以在我挥手告别之前，她紧紧地拥抱了我。A. generous慷慨的；B. friendly友好的；C. grateful感激的；D. outgoing外向的。根据“she hugged me tightly before I waved goodbye.”可知，老妇人紧紧拥抱着作者，因此，她很感激（grateful）作者对她的帮助。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我跑回法庭，我对恰好及时赶到感到非常欣慰。A. duty职责；B. relief轻松，宽慰；C. challenge挑战；D. reward奖励。根据第二段“but I had only about forty-five minutes to return to the courtroom.”可知，当时作者只有45分钟的时间去所就职的法庭，因此，在帮助老妇人的过程中，作者担心迟到，时间一直很紧张。没想到恰好及时赶到了，没有迟到，因此，作者感到欣慰。故选B项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我更高兴的是，今天剩下的时间都很顺利。A. energetic充满能量的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. touched感动的；D. delighted高兴的。根据“ the rest of the day went smoothly.”可知，今天剩下的时间都很顺利。作者的心情也很高兴（delighted）。故选D项。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：正如一句俗语所说，“帮助别人事实上就是在帮助自己”。A. properly恰当地；B. personally亲自地；C. actually事实上地；D. especially尤其是。作者认为，自己帮助了老妇人，因此这一天工作也很顺利，自己心情很高兴，这对自己来说也是一个收获。因此，帮助别人实际上（actually）也就是帮助自己。故选C项。
36．B 37．C 38．C 39．A 40．D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些提高工作效率的建议。
36．细节理解题。根据第三段“Focus on one task at a time and this will allow you to complete that task with high standards.(一次专注于一个任务，这将使你能够以高标准完成这项任务)”可知，通过专注于一项任务，你可以高标准地完成这项任务。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第四段“You will be given large and challenging tasks at work and what matters is how you deal with them. Stress might be the normal response here but you can also play it smart. You can break any large task into small but manageable tasks, which will help you stay productive and will also make the best of time.(在工作中，你会被赋予巨大而富有挑战性的任务，重要的是你如何处理它们。压力可能是正常的反应，但你也可以聪明地处理它。你可以把任何大的任务分解成小的但易于管理的任务，这将帮助你保持效率，也将充分利用时间)”可知，对于处理困难的任务，作者建议把它们分成可管理的部分。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“You can do really well with open-ended tasks or projects once you give yourself a deadline.(一旦你给自己一个截止日期，你就可以很好地完成开放式的任务或项目)”可知，如果你给自己设定了最后期限，你可以很好地完成开放式的任务或项目。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Olenski tells us that if there is a task at work, and you can do it in 2 minutes, then you do it immediately. When you complete that small task, you don’t actually have to waste more time getting back to it, which also increases your productivity.(奥兰斯基告诉我们，如果工作中有一项任务，你可以在两分钟内完成，那么你就立即去做。当你完成了这个小任务，你就不必再浪费时间去做它了，这也提高了你的效率)”可知，A选项“它包括毫不拖延地完成一项小任务”正确。故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段“Are you struggling to be yourself at work? Tired of being behind schedule? Here are some important work tips that you can follow to improve your productivity.(你在工作中挣扎着做自己吗？厌倦了落后于计划？这里有一些重要的工作建议，你可以遵循，以提高你的工作效率)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是提供提高生产力的建议。故选D。
41．D 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了娜塔莉的母亲的个人经历以及对孩子的爱，受到母亲的影响，作者也将对孩子的爱延续下去。在母亲节这天，娜塔莉翻新了母亲年轻时的照片，母亲很是高兴。
41．推理判断题。根据第一段“I think she often felt in life like she wasn’t wanted and wasn’t loved.”（我想她在生活中经常觉得自己不被需要，也不被爱）可知，关于娜塔莉的母亲，我们可以推断出她母亲觉得自己不重要。故选D项。
42．细节理解题。根据第二段““She would always make sure that when we got home from school, we felt like we had our number-one fan, our champion right there, waiting for us.” Along the way, Natalie learned many things from her mother, which she carries on in her role as a mother of two sons.”（“她总是确保当我们从学校回家时，我们觉得我们的头号粉丝，我们的冠军就在那里等着我们。”一路走来，娜塔莉从母亲那里学到了很多东西，作为两个儿子的母亲，她把这些东西继承了下来）可知，娜塔莉从她母亲那里学到给予孩子极大的爱。故选A项。
43．细节理解题。根据第三段“And as part of the surprise, Natalie brought along an old photo of her mother, which she wanted to recreate. “I think it was taken in the mid-60s. So she was in her early to mid twenties. She’s just absolutely a beautiful woman.”（作为惊喜的一部分，娜塔莉带来了一张她母亲的老照片，她想重现这张照片。“我想这是在60年代中期拍摄的。所以她在二十出头到二十五岁左右。她绝对是个漂亮的女人。”）可知，娜塔莉在母亲节翻新了母亲的照片。故选C项。
44．推理判断题。根据最后一段““It’s just an amazing experience to take this picture and have Natalie do it. I could never imagine in my entire life,” says Penelope Morales, who adds that she’s very proud of her daughter, “All I want her is to be happy and to raise her children the same way,” she says.”（娜塔莉翻新这张照片，这真是一次奇妙的经历。佩内洛普 · 莫拉莱斯说，她为自己的女儿感到非常骄傲。她说：“我只想让她快乐，用同样的方式抚养她的孩子。”）可知，关于娜塔莉送给她母亲的礼物的很成功的。故选B项。
45．主旨大意题。根据第一段“If Natalie Morales had to describe her mom in just one word, she would pick: survivor.”（如果娜塔莉·莫拉莱斯必须用一个词来形容她的母亲，她会选择：幸存者）根据第三段“As a Mother’s Day gift, Natalie treated her mom to a day of pampering (宠爱). “I want my mom to feel like a queen,” she says. And as part of the surprise, Natalie brought along an old photo of her mother, which she wanted to recreate.”（作为母亲节的礼物，娜塔莉让妈妈享受了一天的呵护。“我想让我妈妈感觉自己像个女王，”她说。作为惊喜的一部分，娜塔莉带来了一张她母亲的老照片，她想翻新这张照片）可知，短文叙述娜塔莉的母亲的个人经历以及对孩子的爱，受到母亲的影响，作者也将对孩子的爱延续下去。在母亲节这天，娜塔莉翻新了母亲年轻时的照片，母亲很是高兴。所以短文告诉我们娜塔莉的“幸存者”妈妈值得得到这份特别的母亲节礼物。故选D项。
46．D 47．A 48．D 49．D 50．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，通过观测蟋蟀的叫声，可以监测热带生态系统变化的早期阶段。
46．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Canaries, a kind of small yellow songbirds, are more sensitive to carbon monoxide (CO) than people are. Thus they were routinely taken into mines as men went about their work of mining for coal. CO could quickly poison many miners before they even knew what was happening. If a canary stopped singing, this was an indicator of rising CO levels.”（金丝雀是一种黄色的小型鸣禽，对一氧化碳（CO）比人更敏感。因此，当人们开始开采煤炭时，它们经常被带进矿井。一氧化碳可以迅速毒害许多矿工，甚至在他们知道发生了什么之前。如果金丝雀停止唱歌，这是一氧化碳水平上升的迹象）可知，金丝雀对一氧化碳比人更敏感，金丝雀停止唱歌是一氧化碳水平上升的迹象，可以提醒矿工注意潜在的危险。由此可知，矿工们把金丝雀带进矿井是为了提醒他们注意潜在的危险。故选D项。
47．细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“Dr. Gasc described how each ecosystem had, in effect, a distinct “cricket fingerprint”. Species richness varies considerably among the different environments.”（Gasc博士描述了每个生态系统实际上是如何具有独特的“蟋蟀指纹”的。不同环境的物种丰富度差异很大）可知，Gasc和她的同事通过分析“蟋蟀指纹”来了解不同环境的物种丰富度。由此可知，Gasc和她的同事通过分析“蟋蟀指纹”来进行研究。故选A项。
48．细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“Of the 20 cricket species found in the healthy forest, 12 were unique to that habitat alone, 2 of the 15 species found in transitioning forests were unique to this habitat and 3 of the 7 shrubland species were unique to shrubland.”（在健康森林中发现的20种蟋蟀中，仅该栖息地就有12种是独特的，在过渡森林中发现15种蟋蟀中有2种是该栖息地特有的，7种灌木林中发现的蟋蟀中有3种是灌木林特有的）可知，健康森林、过渡森林和灌木林中发现的蟋蟀种类不同，由此可知，Gasc博士和她的同事们可以从研究中得知蟋蟀的种类与环境密切相关。故选D项。
49．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“This suggests that setting up audio recorders in forests that pick up cricket calls will be an easy, cheap and accurate way to detect the early stages of change in tropical ecosystems.”（这表明，在森林中设置录音机来接收蟋蟀的叫声，将是一种简单、廉价和准确的方法，可以检测热带生态系统变化的早期阶段）可知，Gasc博士研究蟋蟀的结论表明观测蟋蟀的叫声将是一种简单、廉价和准确的监测环境变化的方法。由此可知，Gasc博士研究蟋蟀的目的是帮助人类轻松监测环境变化。故选D项。
50．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段关键句“This suggests that setting up audio recorders in forests that pick up cricket calls will be an easy, cheap and accurate way to detect the early stages of change in tropical ecosystems.”（这表明，在森林中设置录音机来接收蟋蟀的叫声，将是一种简单、廉价和准确的方法，可以检测热带生态系统变化的早期阶段）可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，通过观测蟋蟀的叫声，可以监测热带生态系统变化的早期阶段，“Crickets: an early indicator of tropical ecosystem health”意为“蟋蟀：热带生态系统健康的早期标志”，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。
51．C 52．A 53．B 54．A 55．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了全身学习，又称为体验式学习可以有助于培养孩子阅读技能。文章介绍了与之相关的研究过程和发现。
51．细节理解题。根据第二段“The research included 149 children, aged 5 to 6, who had just started school. They were divided into three groups: one that stood up and used their whole bodies to shape letter sounds; a seated group that shaped letter sounds with their hands and arms; and a control group that received traditional, seated instruction during which they wrote letters by hand.(这项研究包括149名5至6岁的儿童，他们刚刚开始上学。他们被分为三组：一组站起来，用全身来塑造字母的发音；一组坐着的人，用他们的手和手臂塑造字母的发音；对照组接受传统的坐姿指导，在此期间他们用手写信)”可知，参与者在研究中被要求用不同的方法学习字母的读音。故选C。
52．细节理解题。根据第五段“The idea is that if, through play and movement, we can learn where their strengths truly lie, we’ll create a form of learning that combines reading with play, and that’s truly positive.(我们的想法是，如果通过游戏和运动，我们可以了解他们真正的优势所在，我们将创造一种将阅读与游戏结合起来的学习形式，这是真正积极的)”可知，体验式学习通过将学习与游戏相结合让孩子积极参与。故选A。
53．词义猜测题。根据第三段““Our research showed that children who used their whole bodies to shape the sounds of letters became twice as proficient at letter sounds that are more difficult to learn as those who received traditional instruction(“我们的研究表明，与接受传统教学的孩子相比，用身体来记住字母发音的孩子对更难学习的字母发音的proficient是他们的两倍)”可知，该研究是将用身体来记忆字母发音与传统学习方式相比较。根据倒数第二段“Previously, the researchers showed that the children felt more motivated by teaching methods which included physical movement.”（此前，研究人员发现，包括身体运动在内的教学方法能让孩子们更有动力）可知，用身体运动学习语言会让孩子们更有动力。由此猜测，用身体来记住字母发音的孩子对更难学习的字母发音掌握的更好，即更熟练。由此可知划线词意为“熟练的”，与skilled同义。故选B。
54．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Jacob Wienecke hopes this will provide an opportunity to inspire teachers and school managers to prioritize movement across subjects.(雅各布·维内克希望这将提供一个机会，激励教师和学校管理者优先考虑跨学科教学)”可知，雅各布期望研究发现可以鼓励教育工作者将其应用于教学。故选A。
55．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The study also investigated whether a direct effect of embodied learning could be found on children’s reading of individual words. This was not possible, which might be due to the fact that the children were at such an early stage of their literacy development that they could not yet use their knowledge of letter sounds to read words.(该研究还调查了体现学习是否会对儿童阅读个别单词产生直接影响。这是不可能的，这可能是因为孩子们还处于读写能力发展的早期阶段，他们还不能使用他们的字母发音知识来阅读单词)”可知，最后一段想告诉我们孩子太小了，还不能聪明地运用他们的知识。故选B。
56．They faced freezing to death without shelter for the night.
They may freeze to death staying outside for the night. 57．Because she knew homeless people’s struggle from her husband’s past experience.
Because she knew the homeless desperately needed help.
Because she worried about those stuck on the street. 58．By buying hotel rooms for them.
By paying for hotel rooms for them.
She paid for/bought hotel rooms for them. 59．Was known
Became famous
Drew public’s attention 60．She is a warm-hearted person, because she cares about homeless people and tries her best to help them.

【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她的丈夫的经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间。她的无私善举传遍全国。
56．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night.(最近，芝加哥各地的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，就会面临被冻死的危险)”可知，芝加哥各地的无家可归者面临的最大的问题就是如果夜里找不到过夜的地方，就会被冻死。故答案为They faced freezing to death without shelter for the night.或They may freeze to death staying outside for the night。
57．考查推理判断。根据文章第三段“For Payne, her mission was personal. According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experience, Payne knew that the homeless people still living on the street desperately needed help and she wanted to step up. (对Payne来说，她的任务是私人的。据Payne说，她的丈夫Carlos Callahan一生中有一段时间曾露宿街头。根据他的经验，Payne知道那些仍然住在街上的无家可归的人迫切需要帮助，她想挺身而出)”可知，Payne之所以决定帮助这些无家可归的人，是因为从自己的丈夫之前的经历中，Payne知道这些人如果得不到帮助就很难存活下来。故答案为She knew homeless people’s struggle from her husband’s past experience.或She knew the homeless desperately needed help. 或She worried about those stuck on the street.
58．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“However, when Payne explained what she was trying to do, many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn’t want homeless people to stay in their rooms. “No one wanted them, but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms,” said Payne.(然而，当Payne解释她的意图时，当地的许多酒店拒绝让她支付房费，因为他们不想让无家可归的人住在他们的房间里。Payne说：“没有人想要这些房间，但有一家叫Amber Inn的酒店很好，让我买下了房间。”)”可知，Payne打算通过在旅馆买下房间或支付房费来提供给无家可归的人居住过夜从而帮助他们。故答案By buying hotel rooms for them.或By paying for hotel rooms for them.或She paid for/bought hotel rooms for them.
59．考查词句猜测。根据划线单词下一句“However, she insisted she had never done it for attention.(然而，她坚称自己这么做绝不是为了引起注意)”中的“however”可知，前后存在转折关系。根据下一句可推断，Payne已经获得了很多人的关注。因此，划线单词指的是“出名、或者获得关注”。故答案为Was known或Became famous 或Drew public’s attention
60．开放题。要求考生谈谈对Payne的评价，考生言之有理即可，注意字数。故参考答案为She is a warm-hearted person, because she cares about homeless people and tries her best to help them.
61．Dear Chris,
It was great to hear from you! You asked about the after-school life of Chinese high school students, and I would be happy to tell you.
Generally, Chinese high school students have a very tight after-school schedule. They usually attend different classes or clubs such as English corner, dancing class, or painting club. Many students also attend extra-curriculum training classes, like piano, art, or sports, to enhance their skills and knowledge. Such activities can help them to relax and enjoy their interests, and to balance their academic pressure as well.
As for myself, I’m quite busy in the afternoon. I usually have two hours of extra-curriculum classes every day, such as English debating, a robotic class, and a badminton club. Besides, I love reading novels and playing guitar in my spare time. It’s the best way for me to relax and refresh myself.
This is a bit different from the situation in Canada, right? So, I’m curious about how you and your classmates usually spend your afternoons. Could you please tell me more about it?
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Best regards,
Li Xiang
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李响，你的加拿大朋友 Chris 在来信中说他班里的一位华裔学生在课余时间到培训机构学习钢琴、美术和打网球，非常忙碌。他很好奇中国的中学生如何安排课余生活。请根据以下提示给他回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attend→join in
忙碌：busy→occupied
高兴的：happy→glad
此外：besides→in addition
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：You asked about the after-school life of Chinese high school students, and I would be happy to tell you.
拓展句：You asked about the after-school life of Chinese high school students, which I would be happy to tell you.
【点睛】[高分句型1] So, I’m curious about how you and your classmates usually spend your afternoons. (运用了how引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Many students also attend extra-curriculum training classes, like piano, art, or sports, to enhance their skills and knowledge. (运用了不定式作目的状语)