天津市南开区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末阶段性质量检测英语

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2022-2023学年度阶段性质量监测
高二年级 英语学科
听力
注意事项：
1.本部分听力考试共15小题，满分为20分。考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡的对应位置上，答在试卷上的无效。
2.录音材料播放时，考生可将答案标在试卷上；录音材料播放完毕后，考生都将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡的对应位置上。
3.转涂答案时，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £9.15. B. £15.19. C. £19.15.
答案为C。
1. When will the man adjust the equipment temperature?
A. In 20 minutes. B. In 10 minutes. C. In 15 minutes.
2. Whose work does the woman suggest the man choose?
A. Emily Dickinson. B. Charles Dickens. C. Robert Southey.
3. What does the woman suggest the man buy as a gift?
A. Some chocolate. B. Some special snacks. C. Some handmade candles.
4. What does the woman mean?
A. She may go to the lecture.
B. She is not interested in the lecture.
C. She will go to the gym instead.
5. Where is the conversation most likely to take place?
A. In the library. B. In the cinema. C. In the classroom.
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段材料,回答第6至第8小题。
6. Which of the following is true about Wu Qin Xi?
A. It is a physical exercise for five animals.
B. It was created by Hua Tuo in the year 2000.
C. It looks like a type of dance with slow movements.
7. Which exercise is good to the liver?
A. The tiger exercise. B. The bear exercise. C. The monkey exercise.
8. What can people benefit from Wu Qin Xi?
A. Having physical and mental health.
B. Leaving a good impression on others.
C. Forming a habit of getting up early.
听下面一段材料,回答第9至第11小题。
9. Why can the fingerprint replace the key?
A. Because of its popularity.
B. Because of its uniqueness.
C. Because of its convenience.
10. According to Scofield, what might be a problem with the fingerprint payment system?
A. It is insecure and inconvenient.
B. The cost of repair the fingerprints is high.
C. Fingerprints could be damaged.
11. What is Diana’s attitude towards fingerprint technology in the future?
A. Positive. B. Cautious. C. Doubtful.
听下面一段材料,回答第12至第15小题。
12. According to the speaker, which of the following is a must-visit?
A. Benefit Street. B. Newport Car Museum. C. Rhode Island School of Design.
13. What makes Rhode Island an ideal family vacation spot?
A. Its size. B. Its activities. C. Its popularity.
14. Which of the following is the most suitable choice for families with children?
A. Marble House. B. Firehouse Theater. C. Roger Williams Park Zoo.
15. Who are the likely audience of this speech?
A. Artists. B. Tourists. C. Students.
笔试
本试卷分第I卷(选择题:听力和笔试)、第II卷(非选择题)两部分,共150分,考试用时120分钟(含听力)。第Ⅰ卷1至16页(含听力),第Ⅱ卷17至20页。考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上,答在试卷上的答案无效。考试结束后,将答题卡交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利!
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项:
1.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。
2.本卷共70小题（含听力),共115分。
第一部分 英语知识运用（共两节,满分45分)
第一节 单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例: Stand over there________ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. —I’ve just finished my interview. I’m pretty hopeful.
—________. I hope it works out for you.
A. It’s all right B. Good idea C. All the best D. Sounds great
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我刚结束面试。我很有希望。——祝你一切顺利。我希望你能成功。A. It’s all right没关系的；B. Good idea好主意；C. All the best一切顺利；D. Sounds great听起来好极了。根据“I hope it works out for you.”可知，此处应该表示祝愿，祝愿她的面试一切顺利。故选C。
2. I know something about Charlie for he ________ in my brother's company for three months last year.
A. had worked B. worked C. had been working D. would work
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我对Charlie有些了解，因为他去年在我哥哥的公司工作了三个月。此空是动词作谓语，且根据时间状语last year，可知此处用一般过去时，故选B。
3. Our teacher tells us that every means should be made use of _______the problem.
A. solve B. solving C. being solved D. to solve
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的老师告诉我们应该利用一切手段来解决这个问题。此处为短语make use of sth. to do sth.的被动形式，故应用不定式。故选D。
4. Intelligence, perseverance and confidence are ________ make a good scientist.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：智慧、毅力和信心是造就一个好科学家的要素。分析句子可知，句子为表语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句。故选B项。
5. —The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh, dear! She ______ a lot of difficulties!
A. may go through B. might go through
C. need have gone through D. must have gone through
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——这位女生物学家在非洲研究野生动物长达13年才回国。——哦，天啊！她一定经历了很多困难！go through (经历)，根据“The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years”可知，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，需用must have done这种形式。故选D。
6. ______ you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope, with which you can live a happy life and achieve your goals.
A. Whenever B. Wherever C. Whatever D. Whoever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句连接词。句意：生活中无论失去什么，都不要失去信念和希望，有了信念和希望，你就能过上幸福的生活，实现你的目标。A. Whenever无论何时；B. Wherever无论在哪里；C. Whatever无论什么；D. Whoever无论谁。此处为让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever引导，相当于no matter what。故选C。
7. With May Day ________ , we would like to seize this opportunity to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Mt. Panshan.
A. on the contrary
B. on the corner
C. on the whole
D. on the horizon
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：五一即将到来，我们要抓住这个机会，欣赏盘山的美景。A. on the contrary 正相反；B. on the comer 在拐角处；C. on the whole 总的说来；D. on the horizon 即将来临。根据“ we would like to seize this opportunity to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Mt. Panshan. ”，可知此处表示五一即将到来，故选D。
8. Afternoon tea, ________ as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s.
A. to design B. designing C. designed D. having designed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下午茶的历史可以追溯到19世纪40年代，是午餐和晚餐之间的一种小吃。本句已有谓语date back to，所以空白处为非谓语。动词design和所修饰的名词短语Afternoon tea之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语，由逗号隔开，相当于非限制性定语从句。故选C项。
9. In China, “mythical creatures” is used to describe troublesome schoolchildren ________ behaviors drive their parents crazy.
A. whose B. when C. who D. of whom
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国，“神话生物”被用来形容麻烦的学童，其行为使父母发疯。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句。behaviors和先行词schoolchildren存在所属关系，behaviors是先行词schoolchildren所具有的，因此使用whose修饰behaviors作定语来引导定语从句。在定语从句中“whose+名词”可转换为“of which /whom +the+名词” 或“the+名词+ of which /whom”。若选择D项的话，题干中缺定冠词the。故选A 。
10. He gets up at six o'clock, runs for half an hour and then has a meal; that is his morning ______.
A. route B. routine
C. behavior D. tendency
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词辨析。route路线,固定线路；routine常规; 正常顺序，习惯；behavior行为，表现；tendency倾向，趋势， 趋向。根据“他六点起床，跑半个小时，然后吃饭”，可知那是他早上的例行公事（routine）即习惯。故选B。
11. The authorities say nearly 3,000 people died as a result of Hurricane Maria, 46 times more than ______ thought.
A. historically B. originally
C. normally D. frequently
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当局说有近3000人死于飓风玛丽亚，比原先预计的要多46倍。A. historically历史上地；从历史观点上说；B. originally最初，起初；本来；C. normally正常地；通常地，一般地；D. frequently频繁地，经常地。根据前面“当局说有近3000人死于飓风玛丽亚” ，以及后面的“more than”可知，是“最初”预计的要多46倍。故选B。
12. ________Earth is the only planet known to support life, humans’ adaptability will surely allow us to live on other planets.
A. While B. Since C. Until D. Unless
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然地球是已知的唯一支持生命的行星，但人类的适应性肯定会让我们生活在其他行星上。A. While虽然；B. Since自从，因为；C. Until直到；D. Unless除非。结合句意，此处用while“虽然”引导让步状语从句符合语境。故选A。
13. More and more people choose to withdraw from their busy life and seek a ________relationship with nature in the quietness of some faraway places.
A. harmonious B. crucial C. identical D. outstanding
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的人选择从繁忙的生活中退出，在一些遥远地方的宁静中寻求与大自然的和谐关系。A. harmonious和谐的；B. crucial关键的；C. identical相同的；D. outstanding杰出的。根据句意可知，人们远离繁忙的生活，去一些遥远的地方，应该是想寻求与大自然的和谐关系，“harmonious”意为“和谐的”，形容词词性，在句中作定语，符合语境。故选A项。
14. Parents should ________ some time every week to hang out with their children and have a proper conversation.
A. leave out B. set aside C. give away D. break out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：家长们应该每周抽出一些时间和孩子们在一起，进行适当的交谈。A. leave out忽略； B. set aside留出……用于； C. give away赠送； D. break out爆发。根据“some time every week”可知，家长应该每周留出时间和孩子们在一起，进行交谈，所以set aside “留出……用于”符合语境。故选B。
15. —You hate Lee, don’t you?
— ________ I just think he’s a bit annoying, that’s all.
A. Indeed. B. Not exactly. C. Of course. D. Why not?
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你讨厌李，是吗？——不完全是，我只是觉得他有点烦人，仅此而已。A. Indeed.确实是； B. Not exactly. 不完全是；C. Of course.当然；D.Why not?为什么不？根据后文I just think he’s a bit annoying, that’s all.可知回答者并不是完全讨厌李，只是觉得他烦人。故选B。
第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个最佳选项,将短文内容补充完整。
In the early 1950s, I was a junior high student at Punahou School in Hawaii. During summer vacations, I often swam at Waikiki Beach. There was another man who would also ____16____. He was a tall, handsome, silver-haired Hawaiian. Occasionally I saw him swimming gracefully and effortlessly at a(n) ____17____ pace to the beach wall and ____18____ again.
One morning when I arrived as usual, he walked past me on his way to the water. Suddenly he stopped and asked me if I’d like to ____19____ against him. “Just for fun. Down to the beach wall and back.” He pointed in that direction. After some thought, I ____20____ it.
We jumped into the water and started swimming. Teenagers are often very ____21____, and I was no different. I started out as fast as I could to build a strong ____22____. But in the first 50 yards, we were even. When we reached the beach wall, we were still even. I was already ____23____. My legs felt heavy. My shoulders started to burn. As we turned back, my arms and shoulders were numb, and my head was spinning. I wanted very ____24____ to quit and _____25_____ the rest of the way. But I struggled and _____26_____ it, fighting the water.
When we finally arrived where we started, I was out of _____27_____. “Just about even. You’re pretty good,” he said. He walked out of the water and up the beach. I stayed where I was, _____28_____.
Ten minutes later my friend, Sammy Kauua, arrived. I told him what had happened. Sammy laughed, “Are you _____29_____? That’s Duke Kahanamoku. He won gold medals at the Olympics!”
Several days later when I saw Kahanamoku on the beach, I talked to him about his swimming _____30_____. What I really wanted to know was _____31_____ an athlete could become good enough to win in the Olympics. “Oh, I trained,” he said. “_____32_____ not hard, really. I did most of my swimming at the beach. I swam because I liked it. We trained of course, but _____33_____ we just swam. It was natural.”
I was _____34_____ at that time because there was no secret formula (秘诀) for success as an athlete. Thinking back on it now, though, I find the _____35_____ he gave me very appealing.
16. A. step in B. walk by C. move around D. turn up
17. A. perfect B. impressive C. terrifying D. obvious
18. A. back B. out C. forward D. off
19. A. fight B. argue C. swim D. challenge
20. A. responded B. accepted C. replied D. agreed
21. A. outgoing B. desperate C. superb D. competitive
22. A. lead B. objective C. distance D. chance
23. A. encouraged B. exhausted C. shocked D. ashamed
24. A. delightedly B. angrily C. badly D. worriedly
25. A. stay B. lie C. relax D. walk
26. A. made B. got C. achieved D. realized
27. A. action B. breath C. place D. control
28. A. fighting B. shaking C. recovering D. smiling
29. A. kidding B. wondering C. considering D. expecting
30. A. choice B. reward C. promise D. career
31. A. why B. how C. when D. whether
32. A. But B. Also C. Or D. And
33. A. recently B. originally C. mostly D. partly
34. A. touched B. disappointed C. trembled D. embarrassed
35. A. experience B. concept C. answer D. belief
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在上初中时，喜欢去海边游泳。在那碰上了前世界游泳冠军Kahanamoku，并同意了他的邀请，和他进行了一场比赛。比赛结束后，他问Kahanamoku什么是赢得比赛的秘诀，他告诉作者秘诀就是喜欢它，热爱并坚持。这个答案让作者很感动。
【16题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：还有一个人也会出现。A. step in迈步；B. walk by步行；C. move around四处走动；D. turn up出现。根据下文“Occasionally I saw him swimming gracefully and effortlessly”可知，除了作者之外，还有另外一个男人也会出现在怀基海滩游泳。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：偶尔我看到他优雅而轻松地游向堤岸，然后又游回来。A. perfect完美的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. terrifying可怕的；D. obvious显而易见的。根据上文“swimming gracefully and effortlessly”可知，他游的非常优雅而且毫不费力。由此可知，他是以一个完美的节奏在游泳。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：偶尔我看到他优雅而轻松地游向堤岸，然后又游回来。A. back回原处；B. out退出；C. forward前进；D. off离开(某处)。根据下文“Down to the beach wall and back.”可知，作者看到他优雅而轻松地游向堤岸，然后又游回来。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然他停了下来，问我是否愿意和比赛游泳。A. fight打架；B. argue争论；C. swim游泳；D. challenge挑战。根据“We jumped into the water and started swimming.”可知，这个男人问作者是否愿意和他比赛游泳。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过深思熟虑后，我接受了。A. responded回答；B. accepted接受；C. replied回答；D. agreed同意。根据上文“After some thought”可知，在作者经过深思熟虑之后，接受了这个男人的邀请。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：青少年往往很有竞争意识，我也不例外。A. outgoing外向的；B. desperate绝望的；C. superb卓越的；D. competitive有竞争力的。根据下文“I started out as fast as I could to build a strong ____7____.”可知，作者开始的前五十米游的很快。由此可知，他是很有竞争意识的，而且这也是青少年的特点，往往他们都一心求胜。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以最快的速度起步，以建立强大的领先优势。A. lead (竞赛中的)领先地位；B. objective目标；C. distance距离；D. chance机会。根据上文“I started out as fast as I could”可知，作者刚开始游的很快，他是想在开始就建立强大的领先优势。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经筋疲力尽了。A. encouraged鼓励的；B. exhausted疲惫的；C. shocked震惊的；D. ashamed羞耻的。根据下文“My legs felt heavy.”可知，由于一开始的时候游的很快，所以到达堤岸的时候作者已经筋疲力尽了。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我非常想放弃，在剩下的路程里放松一下。A. delightedly高兴地；B. angrily愤怒地；C. badly非常地；D. worriedly担忧地。根据上文“As we turned back, my arms and shoulders were numb, and my head was spinning.”可知，作者在往回游时，他的胳膊和肩膀都麻了，头也在打转。由此可知，他一定非常想要放弃这次比赛。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常想放弃，在剩下的路程里放松一下。A. stay停留；B. lie躺下；C. relax放松；D. walk步行。根据语境可知，作者在往回游时，他的胳膊和肩膀都麻了，头也在打转。由此可知，他一定非常想要放弃这次比赛，在剩下的路程里放松一下。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我奋力拼搏，与水搏斗，并且成功了。A. made使成功；B. got得到；C. achieved实现；D. realized实现。根据下文“When we finally arrived where we started, I was out of ____12____.”可知，作者虽然很累，但是他并没有放弃，在水里奋力拼搏，并且成功了。make it“（经历艰难困苦后）成功”。故选A。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们终于到达出发点时，我上气不接下气。A. action动作；B. breath呼吸；C. place地方；D. control控制。根据上文“But I struggled and ____11____ it, fighting the water. ”可知，作者奋力拼搏，终于到达了终点，所以累的上气不接下气。out of breath“上气不接下气”。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我留在原地，微笑着。A. fighting打架；B. shaking摇晃；C. recovering恢复；D. smiling微笑。根据上文““Just about even. You’re pretty good,” he said.”可知，和作者比赛的男人夸奖完他后就离开了，作者留在原地，笑了。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨米笑道：“你在开玩笑吗？这是Duke Kahanamoku。他在奥运会上获得了金牌!”A. kidding开玩笑；B. wondering好奇；C. considering考虑；D. expecting期待。根据下文“That’s Duke Kahanamoku. He won gold medals at the Olympics!”可知，作者告诉朋友发生什么事情之后，他的朋友告诉了他，和他比赛的男人曾经是世界冠军。由此可知，作者的朋友听到发生什么了后，有些不可思议，问他是不是在开玩笑。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天后，当我在海滩上看到Kahanamoku时，我和他谈论了他的游泳生涯。A. choice选择；B. reward奖励；C. promise承诺；D. career职业。根据下文“What I really wanted to know was ____16____ an athlete could become good enough to win in the Olympics.”可知，当作者再次看到Kahanamoku时，他们讨论了关于Kahanamoku的游泳生涯，作者尤其想知道他是怎么赢得世界冠军的。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我真正想知道的是，一个运动员怎样才能变得足够优秀，在奥运会上获胜。A. why为什么；B. how如何；C. when何时；D. whether是否。根据下文““Oh, I trained,” he said. “____17____ not hard, really. I did most of my swimming at the beach.”可知，作者是在问一个运动员是怎么才能在奥运会上获胜，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，所以用how“怎样”来引导。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但真的不是很刻苦。A. But但是；B. Also也；C. Or或者；D. And和。根据空前“我训练”以及空后“并不刻苦”可知，前后为转折关系。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们当然训练了，但大多数时候我们只是游泳。A. recently最近；B. originally最初；C. mostly大部分；D. partly部分。根据上文“I did most of my swimming at the beach. I swam because I liked it.”可知，Kahanamoku告诉作者，他很喜欢游泳，虽然也训练，但是大多数时候就是在游泳。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我很感动，因为作为一名运动员，没有成功的秘诀。A. touched(使)感动；B. disappointed(使)失望；C. trembled颤抖；D. embarrassed(使)尴尬。根据下文“because there was no secret formula (秘诀) for success as an athlete”可知，在听到Kahanamoku告诉他，其实运动员的成功没有什么秘诀，就是喜欢它，热爱它并坚持的时候，作者感到很感动。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而现在回想起来，我发现他给我的答案非常吸引人。A. experience经验；B. concept概念；C. answer答案；D. belief信念。根据语境可知，在听到Kahanamoku告诉他，其实运动员的成功没有什么秘诀，就是喜欢它，热爱它并坚持的时候，作者感到很感动，现在回想起来的时候，作者发现他给的答案非常吸引人。故选C。
第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分,满分50分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个最佳选项。
A
Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us, including those in architecture. Today, architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms, to mimic the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building.
Art Science Museum, Singapore
People whose interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s Art Science Museum. The building was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment in which it sits. Shaped to resemble a lotus flower, it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it. Its roof collects rainwater and channels it 35 meters down to a waterfall in the centre of the space. The water is then recycled through the building’s plumbing system. The building so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
The Eastgate Centre, Harare
Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example of biomimicry. To use biomimicry is to create structures based on natural forms and processes. Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce was inspired to create the Centre while watching a nature documentary. The insects built mounds covered in little holes designed to allow air to move freely in and out of the mounds. In a similar way, the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” covered in holes. During the day, warm air is drawn into the building through the holes, cooling as it reaches the middle of the building. At night, the heat absorbed by the wall during the day warms the cool air, creating a comfortable temperature inside. The design reduces the need for traditional air conditioning and heating systems, so the building uses less energy and costs less to run.
The Algae House, Hamburg
The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany. The surface of the apartment building is covered in panels that contain algae. In bright sunshine, they grow faster and provide shade. The panels also capture heat from the sun and convert it into energy that powers the building. And that’s not all — the algae inside the panels can be harvested and used to produce fuel. The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy.
Creating building such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment. To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge, but even the simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.
36. Which of the following is not the reason why architects continue to explore nature?
A. To imitate the way nature works. B. To make nature part of architecture.
C. To make natural organisms alive. D. To capture the beauty of nature.
37. How is the link between nature and city environment reflected?
A. From its roof that helps collect and recycle rainwater.
B. From its lotus flower shape floating on the water.
C. From its amazing waterfall in the center of the space.
D. From its attraction of visitors all over the world.
38. What makes the Eastgate Centre use less energy?
A. Termites constructing their nests. B. Mounds covered in little holes.
C. Traditional air conditioning systems. D. Its surface covered in holes
39. How can the Algae House reduce damage to the environment?
A. By using less energy. B. By producing its own renewable energy.
C. By capturing heat from the sun. D. By providing shade for people
40. In which magazine would you most likely find the passage?
A. Architecture Frontier. B. Extraordinary Architects.
C. Natural World. D. Living on Earth.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个融入了自然元素的建筑设计。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Today, architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms, to mimic the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building.”（今天，建筑师们继续探索捕捉自然形态美的方法，模仿自然的工作方式，甚至将自然有机体作为建筑的一部分。）可知，建筑师继续探索自然是为了捕捉自然之美、模仿大自然的工作方式和使自然成为建筑的一部分，文中没有提到建筑师们想使自然生物存活这一点，由此可知，“使自然生物存活”不是建筑师继续探索自然的原因。故选C项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Art Science Museum, Singapore”部分关键句“The building was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment in which it sits. Shaped to resemble a lotus flower, it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.”（这座建筑的设计旨在展示自然与它所处的现代城市环境之间的联系。形状看起来像莲花，它似乎漂浮在海滨长廊和周围的水面上。）可知，新加坡金沙艺术科学博物馆的形状看起来像莲花，看起来像漂浮在海滨长廊和周围的水面上，通过这种设计展示了自然与它所处的现代城市环境之间的联系，由此可知，新加坡金沙艺术科学博物馆通过其漂浮在水面上的莲花形状体现了自然与城市环境之间的联系。故选B项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Eastgate Centre, Harare”部分关键句“In a similar way, the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” covered in holes. During the day, warm air is drawn into the building through the holes, cooling as it reaches the middle of the building. At night, the heat absorbed by the wall during the day warms the cool air, creating a comfortable temperature inside. The design reduces the need for traditional air conditioning and heating systems, so the building uses less energy and costs less to run.”（以类似的方式，东门中心的“皮肤”上布满了洞。白天，热空气通过孔洞吸入建筑物，到达建筑物中部时冷却。晚上，白天墙壁吸收的热量使冷空气变暖，室内温度舒适。该设计减少了对传统空调和供暖系统的需求，因此该建筑使用更少的能源，运行成本更低。）可知，东门中心的表面覆盖有孔洞，该设计减少了对传统空调和供暖系统的需求，因此该建筑使用更少的能源，由此可知，东门中心表面覆盖有孔洞，这使其使用更少的能源。故选D项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Algae House, Hamburg”部分关键句“The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy.”（因此，该建筑不仅对环境做出反应，使用更少的能源，而且通过自身产生的可再生能源来减少对环境的破坏。）可知，海藻屋通过自身产生的可再生能源来减少对环境的破坏，由此可知，海藻屋通过自行生产可再生能源来减少对环境的破坏。故选B项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。通读文章，结合第一段内容“Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us, including those in architecture. Today, architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms, to mimic the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building.”（大自然赋予了我们周围许多最迷人的设计灵感，包括建筑设计。今天，建筑师们继续探索捕捉自然形态美的方法，模仿自然的工作方式，甚至将自然有机体作为建筑的一部分。）可知，文章主要介绍了三个融入了自然元素的建筑设计，由此可知，文章与建筑设计有关，你最有可能在《建筑前沿》这本杂志上找到这篇文章。故选A项。
B

It may sound like the plot of a Disney movie, but Todd, a fox, really does think he’s a dog. The animal was tamed after being rescued as a 4-month-old cub (幼崽) and was raised as a pet by owner Emma D’ Sylva. Since then the lovable fox has picked up a number of dog characteristics such as tail wagging (摇尾巴), playing with toys and even walking on a lead.
The 11-month-old animal accompanies Emma’s pets Sky and Oakley on walks, drawing double attention from other dog-walkers when they see Todd moving quickly through the local park with Sky and Oakley. They thought as a fox, he has too many dog characteristics. He also sleeps in a kennel (狗窝) , plays with the other dogs and even wags his tail during its feeding time.
“I’ve had Todd since he was about 4 months old because his previous owners couldn’t look after him anymore. He was a bit crazy when he first came to me last year, but now he has a really strong bond with me. He will run up to me wagging his tail when I go to feed him.” Emma, 25, from Stanfield, said.
“Sometimes he comes into my room, but he prefers being outside. He gets on well with my two dogs, and wants to play with them all the time. If people or dogs come up to him in the park, he will lie down at first and freeze but after a few seconds he will sniff (嗅) around the dogs or sit patiently.”
Emma takes some of her 40 pets into schools and care homes to enable children and the elderly to interact with a range of animals. Emma’s husband, Steve Johnson, added, “Todd went out on his first school visit the other week and the children really enjoyed playing with him.”
41. The author mentions “like the plot of a Disney movie” in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A. attract readers to know more about Todd
B. introduce a Disney movie’s actor
C. inspire people to treat foxes more friendly
D. share his favorite movie with readers
42. Todd catches more attention than dogs because ________.
A. he’s considerate and warmhearted B. he’s successful and patient
C. he acts like a dog instead of a fox D. he gets along well with dogs
43. What can be inferred about Todd from Paragraph 3?
A. He is very aggressive in public. B. He misses his previous owners.
C. He used to sleep in Emma’s room. D. He leads a happy life at Emma’s home.
44. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Steve Johnson and Emma run a pet home. B. Todd enjoyed playing with other pets.
C. Emma is an expert in raising a range of pets. D. Todd was welcomed by children in the school.
45. What’s the best title for the text?
A. How to raise dogs and foxes B. A lovely dog-like fox
C. Emma and her pets D. To be a good per owner
【答案】41 A 42. C 43. D 44. D 45. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了狐狸托德，他被人抚养长大，和狗生活在一起，具有狗的特点。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“It may sound like the plot of a Disney movie, but Todd, a fox, really does think he’s a dog.”（这听起来可能像迪斯尼电影的情节，但狐狸托德真的认为自己是条狗。）和“Since then the lovable fox has picked up a number of dog characteristics such as tail wagging (摇尾巴), playing with toys and even walking on a lead.”（从那时起，可爱的狐狸已经学会了一些狗的特点，如摇尾巴，玩玩具，甚至是被人用绳子牵着散步。）可知，作者在第一段提到“像迪斯尼电影的情节”，接下来介绍了一只被人抚养大的，具有狗的特点的狐狸托德，这种情况一般只在电影中出现，由此可知，作者在第一段提到“像迪斯尼电影的情节”是为了吸引读者更多地了解托德。故选A项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“The 11-month-old animal accompanies Emma’s pets Sky and Oakley on walks, drawing double attention from other dog-walkers when they see Todd moving quickly through the local park with Sky and Oakley. They thought as a fox, he has too many dog characteristics.”（这只11个月大的动物陪着爱玛的宠物Sky和Oakley散步，当其他遛狗者看到Todd、Sky和Oakley快速穿过当地的公园时，他们会加倍注意。他们认为作为一只狐狸，他有太多狗的特点。）可知，托德吸引了其他遛狗者的加倍注意，因为其他遛狗者认为作为一只狐狸，托德有太多的狗的特点，由此可知，托德比狗更受关注，因为他表现得像狗而不是狐狸。故选C项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“He was a bit crazy when he first came to me last year, but now he has a really strong bond with me. He will run up to me wagging his tail when I go to feed him.” Emma, 25, from Stanfield, said.”（去年他第一次来我这里的时候有点疯狂，但现在他和我的关系真的很牢固。我去喂他时，他会摇着尾巴跑到我跟前。”来自斯坦菲尔德的25岁的艾玛说。）可知，托德很喜欢住在艾玛家里，他和艾玛相处的很融洽，由此可推断出，托德在艾玛家过着幸福的生活。故选D项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Emma’s husband, Steve Johnson, added, “Todd went out on his first school visit the other week and the children really enjoyed playing with him.””（艾玛的丈夫史蒂夫·约翰逊补充道：“托德前几周第一次去学校拜访，孩子们真的很喜欢和他一起玩。”）可知，学校的孩子们真的很喜欢和托德一起玩，由此可推断出，托德受到了学校里孩子们的欢迎。故选D项。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“It may sound like the plot of a Disney movie, but Todd, a fox, really does think he’s a dog.”（这听起来可能像迪斯尼电影情节，但狐狸托德真的认为自己是条狗。）可知，文章主要介绍了狐狸托德，他被人抚养长大，和狗生活在一起，具有狗的特点，“A lovely dog-like fox”意为“像狗一样可爱的狐狸”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B项。
C
Though diet and exercise are recommended as ways to improve health, new UCR research is the first to examine the long-lasting, combined effects of both factors when they are experienced early in life. “Any time you go to a doctor with concerns about your weight, almost without fail, the doctor recommends that you exercise and eat less,” said researcher Marcell Cadney. “That’s why it’s surprising most studies only look at diet or exercise separately. In this study, we wanted to include both,” he said.
The researchers found that early-life exercise led to reduced anxious behaviors and an increase in adult muscle and brain mass. When fed Western-style diets high in fat and sugar, the mice not only became fatter, but also grew into adults that preferred unhealthy food.
To obtain the findings, the researchers divided the young mice into four groups-those with access to exercise, those without access, those fed a standard, healthy diet and those who ate a Western diet. Mice started on their diets immediately after weaning (断奶), and continued with them for three weeks until they reached adulthood. After an additional eight weeks of “washout”, during which all mice were housed without wheels and on a healthy diet, the researchers did a behavioral analysis and measured levels of several different hormones.
One of those they measured, leptin, is produced by fat cells. It helps control bodyweight by increasing energy consumption and signaling that less food is required. Early-life exercise increased adult leptin levels in adult mice, regardless of the diet they ate.
Previously, the research team found that eating too much fat and sugar as a child can change the microbiome (微生物群) for life, even if they later eat healthier. Going forward, the team plans to study whether fat or sugar is more responsible for the negative effects they measured in Western-diet-fed mice.
This study offers great opportunities for health interventions in childhood habits. “Our findings may be related to understanding the potential effects of activity reductions and dietary changes associated with overweight,” said Marcell.
46. What is special about the new UCR research?
A. It finds the relation between health and diet.
B. It is the first to study the effect of exercise.
C. It takes both exercise and diet into account.
D. It gives equal importance to physical and mental health.
47. What may early-life exercise contribute to?
A. Stronger bones. B. A peaceful mind.
C. A desire for healthy food. D. The various microbiome for life.
48. What is mainly discussed about the research in Paragraph 3?
A. Its process. B. Its results. C. Its objective. D. Its importance.
49. The underlined word “leptin” in Paragraph 4 refers to a type of ________.
A. diet B. mouse C. behavior D. hormone
50. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Early-life health habits matter.
B. It’s never too late to make a change.
C. A healthy body leads to a healthy mind.
D. Dietary habits make a difference to children’s behavior.
【答案】46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究，就饮食和锻炼在生命早期的长期综合影响进行了研究。研究发现早期的生活锻炼可以减少焦虑行为，增加成年人的肌肉和大脑质量，而高脂肪和高糖的西式饮食不仅能使人变胖，而且在长大成人后更喜欢不健康的食物。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话“Though diet and exercise are recommended as ways to improve health, new UCR research is the first to examine the long-lasting, combined effects of both factors when they are experienced early in life. (虽然饮食和锻炼被推荐为改善健康的方法，但加州大学的新研究首次检验了这两种因素在生命早期的长期综合影响)”可知，综合研究饮食和锻炼对人的影响是新的UCR研究的独特之处。故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话“The researchers found that early-life exercise led to reduced anxious behaviors and an increase in adult muscle and brain mass.(研究人员发现，早期的生活锻炼可以减少焦虑行为，增加成年人的肌肉和大脑质量)”可知，早期的生活锻炼可以减少焦虑行为，增加成年人的肌肉和大脑质量。由此可知，早期生活锻炼可能让大脑平静。故选B。
【48题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段第二、三句话“Mice started on their diets immediately after weaning(断奶), and continued with them for three weeks until they reached adulthood. After an additional eight weeks of “washout”, during which all mice were housed without wheels and on a healthy diet, the researchers did a behavioral analysis and measured levels of several different hormones.(小鼠在断奶后立即开始进食，并继续进食三周，直到成年。在另外八周的“洗漱”后，所有小鼠都被安置在没有轮子的环境中，并以健康的饮食为基础，研究人员进行了行为分析，并测量了几种不同激素的水平)”可知，本段主要讲述了实验的过程。故选A。
【49题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句话“After an additional eight weeks of “washout”, during which all mice were housed without wheels and on a healthy diet, the researchers did a behavioral analysis and measured levels of several different hormones.( 在另外八周的“洗漱”后，所有小鼠都被安置在没有轮子的环境中，并以健康的饮食为基础，研究人员进行了行为分析，并测量了几种不同激素的水平)”以及划线单词前半句话“One of those they measured(他们测量的这些)”可知，those指代第三段最后提到的“hormones(激素)”，而leptin指的是这些激素之一。故选D。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句话“Previously, the research team found that eating too much fat and sugar as a child can change the microbiome(微生物群) for life, even if they later eat healthier. (此前，该研究团队发现，儿童时期摄入过多脂肪和糖可以改变一生的微生物群，即使他们以后吃得更健康)”可知，早期的饮食习惯会带来一生的影响；根据最后一段“This study offers great opportunities for health interventions in childhood habits. “Our findings may be related to understanding the potential effects of activity reductions and dietary changes associated with overweight,” said Marcell.(这项研究为儿童习惯的健康干预提供了很大的机会。马塞尔说：“我们的发现可能有助于了解与超重相关的活动减少和饮食变化的潜在影响。”)”可知，饮食的变化和锻炼的减少都可能与超重息息相关。综合两段，作者想表明早期健康习惯的重要性。故选A。
D
Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau were both poets, but one lived in Ancient China and the other in 19th century America. Superficially, these two men, whose lives were separated in time by nearly 1,500 years, were polar opposites. And yet they shared an intense respect for nature, which made them each an influential figure of their time.
Both men made dramatic transformations to their lives in order to reconnect with nature. As an official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao felt conflicted over life at court. In 405, he quit the service of the court for good, expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line that he would not “bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain”. He spent the next 22 years until his death, working the land in a poor, rural area. From his poetry, we can learn that although his life was arduous, he succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature.
While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to, Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way he lived. He had a decent quality of life, but he wanted to live in a simpler way. For two years, two months and two days, he lived in a cottage in the forest on the edge of Walden Pond, focusing on himself and his writing. He explained his reason for doing so in Walden: “I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life.” Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.
Although Tao and Thoreau do not treat nature in quite the same way, their works show its beauty and value. Tao’s nature is a place of fields and villages, in other words, rural, and his animals are domestic ones, such as chickens and dogs. The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life.
Thoreau’s descriptions of nature emphasized the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him. Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena, he recorded his detailed findings in his journals. Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do. We should live with them in harmony and enjoy nature’s gifts.
It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature, as both Tao and Thoreau did. Their choices led them to quiet and reflective lives with fewer material desires. In today’s modern world, their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfillment.
51. Why did Tao Yuanming leave the court?
A. Because he was too old.
B. Because he felt conflicted over life at court.
C. Because he liked nature so much.
D. Because he liked living in a rural area.
52. What do Tao Yuanming and Thoreau have in common?
A. They treated nature in the same way.
B. They lived in the same century.
C. They were both unsatisfied with their leaders.
D. Their works showed the beauty of nature.
53. What did Thoreau describe in his writings?
A. Fields and villages. B. Chickens and dogs.
C. Animals and plants. D. Mountains and rivers.
54. What does Thoreau’s work mainly embody (体现)?
A. Nature’s wilderness is beautiful. B. We should raise more animals.
C. Man should live in harmony with nature. D. we should live in the rural area.
55. What should we do if we want to attain personal well-being and fulfillment?
A. Live closer to nature. B. Increase material desires.
C. Walk a lot in the forest. D. Share a respect for nature.
【答案】51. B 52. D 53. C 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是陶渊明和梭罗都是诗人。他们对自然都有强烈的敬意，这使他们各自成为那个时代有影响力的人物。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句话“As an official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao felt conflicted over life at court. In 405, he quit the service of the court for good, expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line that he would not “bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain”. (作为东晋的一名官员，陶渊明对官场生活感到矛盾。405年，他永久退出官场，用现在著名的一句话表达了他的不满，那就是——不为五斗米折腰)”可知，陶渊明离开官场的原因是他对朝廷的生活感到矛盾。故选B。
52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话“Although Tao and Thoreau do not treat nature in quite the same way, their works show its beauty and value. (虽然陶和梭罗对待自然的态度不同，但他们的作品表现出了自然的美和价值)”可知，陶渊明和梭罗对待自然地态度虽然不同，但是他们在作品中都表现了自然的美和价值。故选D。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段倒数第二句话“Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do. (梭罗的写作旨在让人们相信动植物和我们一样有生存和繁荣的权利)”可知，梭罗的写作旨在让人们相信动植物和人类一样有生存和繁荣的权利。由此可推知，在他的作品中会描写动物和植物。故选C。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.(两人都乐于退出当代生活，在平静的生活中寻求与大自然的和谐关系)”以及第五段最后一句话“We should live with them in harmony and enjoy nature’s gifts. (我们应该与他们和谐相处，享受大自然的恩赐。)”可推知，梭罗的作品主要体现出人类应该和大自然和谐共处。故选C。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature, as both Tao and Thoreau did. Their choices led them to quiet and reflective lives with fewer material desires. In today’s modern world, their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfillment.( 就像陶和梭罗一样，拒绝容易和熟悉的事物，转而努力贴近自然，这需要相当大的勇气。他们的选择使他们过上了平静、沉思的生活，物质欲望更少。在今天的现代世界中，他们关于简单生活和与自然和谐相处的想法可能会使我们离实现个人幸福和成就更近一步)”可知，就像陶和梭罗一样，拒绝容易和熟悉的事物，转而努力贴近自然，这需要相当大的勇气，但正是因为这样，他们才过上了平静，幸福的生活。由此可推知，如果我们想获得个人幸福感和成就感，就要贴近自然，平静地生活。故选A。
第Ⅱ卷
注意事项:1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2.本卷共6题,共35分。
第三部分:写作
第一节: (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possible cancer.
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They cannot or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same chemical. They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. In general, the person feels excited and ready to act.
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
56. What’s the author’s purpose by writing this passage? (no more than 15 words)
________________
57. How will anger affect people if they don’t deal with it properly? (no more than 15 words)
________________
58. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “repressing” in Paragraph 2? (no more than 5 words)
________________
59. According to the passage, what are the common ways for people to express their anger? (no more than 20 words)
________________
60. What do you think is the best way to deal with anger? Please give your reasons. (no more than 20 words)
________________
【答案】56. To tell people anger is dangerous and how to deal with anger.
57. Anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possible cancer.
58. Holding back.
59. Some people express anger openly in a calm and reasonable way. Others burst with anger, scream and yell.
60. The best way is to find humor when you feel angry, because laughter is much healthier than anger.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了愤怒是一种危险的情绪和如何正确地应对愤怒。
【56题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第一段关键句“Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. (医生说，除非你学会如何应对愤怒，否则愤怒可能是一种极其有害的情绪。)”和最后一段关键句“Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. (医生说，处理愤怒的一个好方法是在让你生气的情况下找到幽默。)”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了告诉我们愤怒是危险的和应该如何应对愤怒，并给出了医生的建议。故答案为To tell people anger is dangerous and how to deal with anger.
【57题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段内容“Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possible cancer. (医生说，除非你学会如何应对愤怒，否则愤怒可能是一种极其有害的情绪。他们警告说，愤怒会导致心脏病、胃病、头痛、情绪问题，甚至可能导致癌症。)”可知，如果人们不妥善处理愤怒，愤怒会导致心脏病、胃病、头痛、情绪问题，甚至可能导致癌症。故答案为Anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possible cancer.
【58题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据画线单词上句“But other people keep their anger inside. They cannot or will not express it. (但其他人把愤怒藏在心里。他们不能也不会表达出来。)”可知，上文介绍了一些人把愤怒藏在心里，不能也不会表达出来，由此可知，他们在压抑愤怒，“hold back”意为“克制，抑制住”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故答案为Holding back.
【59题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段关键句“Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, scream and yell. (有些人以平静合理的方式公开表达愤怒。其他人勃然大怒，大喊大叫。)”可知，人们表达愤怒的常见方式是有些人以平静合理的方式公开表达愤怒。其他人勃然大怒，大喊大叫。故答案为Some people express anger openly in a calm and reasonable way. Others burst with anger, scream and yell.
【60题详解】
开放题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。根据最后一段内容“Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. (医生说，处理愤怒的一个好方法是在让你生气的情况下找到幽默。他们说笑比愤怒健康得多。)”可知，处理愤怒的一个好方法是在让你生气的情况下找到幽默，因为笑比愤怒健康得多，答案符合文意即可，不唯一。故参考答案为The best way is to find humor when you feel angry, because laughter is much healthier than anger.
第二节:书面表达（满分25分)
61. 假如你是李津，你的英国笔友Daniel来信说他对自己的外貌不满意，并因此感到焦虑和自卑。请你给他回信，要点如下：
(1)表达你的理解和安慰；
(2)告诉他外在美不是最重要的，以及原因；
(3)解释你眼中真正的美的定义。
注意：
(1)词数不少于100；
(2)文章开头结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
(3)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Daniel,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【答案】 I know you are feeling anxious and inferior because you lack self-confidence in your appearance. As the saying goes, everyone has his own faults. So you don’t have to worry about it.
To me, the word “beautiful”doesn’t necessarily mean outer beauty. In fact, it’s more important how you are on the inside. I’m sure you’ve met many beautiful people, yet their mean and hurtful character makes them completely ugly.So inner beauty is real beauty.
We can’t judge a person by his appearance.A person who is dressed beautifully may not have a beautiful soul. Only a person who has beautiful soul is truly beautiful.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友写一封回信，告诉他不要因为自己的外貌不满而感到焦虑和自卑，告诉他什么是真正的美。
【详解】1.词汇积累
担忧的：anxious→worried
重要的：important→vital
美丽的：beautiful→pretty
完全地：completely →thoroughly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： I’m sure you’ve met many beautiful people, yet their mean and hurtful character makes them completely ugly.
拓展句： I’m sure you’ve met many beautiful people, whose mean and hurtful character makes them completely ugly.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 I know you are feeling anxious and inferior because you lack self-confidence in your appearance. （运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】A person who is dressed beautifully may not have a beautiful soul.（运用了who引导的限定性定语从句）