四川省部分名校2022-2023学年高三下学期教学质量检测英语试题（含解析）

这是一份四川省部分名校2022-2023学年高三下学期教学质量检测英语试题（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，告知信/通知等内容，欢迎下载使用。
四川省部分名校2022-2023学年高三下学期教学质量检测英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
May 18th is International Museum Day. Let’s take a look at some of the strangest museums around the world.
Giant Shoe Museum
Located in the famous Pike Place Market of Seattle, the Giant Shoe Museum is a single exhibit wall located on the outside of the Old Seattle Paperworks store and brings a lot of business to the shop as a result. A variety of giant shoes include a size 37 shoe worn by the world’s tallest man, a real clown shoe and the world’s largest collection of giant shoes.
Washington Banana Museum
Ann Mitchell Lovell really loves bananas. In fact, she loves them enough to not only run the Washington Banana Museum, which features almost 4,000 items related to the world’s best-selling fruit, but to also upload photos of her favorite items from the museum online so those who can’t make it to the physical location can still enjoy the virtual Banana Museum.
Roswell UFO Museum
Visitors can ask as many questions as possible about the Roswell incident of 1947, and know about what was spotted in the sky that fateful night. Exhibits include information on the event, crop circles, other UFO sightings, Area 51, and so on. Regardless of your personal opinion about UFOs, there’s no denying that the museum has been quite successful. Since it opened its doors in 1992, it has outgrown two different locations, and now occupies an old movie theater.
Beijing Tap Water Museum
One of the key ingredients you need to make ramen is water, so when you’re done with weird (怪异的) museums in Japan, maybe you should head to China to learn more about tap water, specifically the history of the first water plant in Beijing. Here you can study over 300 items to better familiarize yourself with the 100-year-old history of tap water in China. The best thing about this museum is that any of its drinking fountains can provide you with an enduring souvenir of your trip.
1．Why was Washington Banana Museum set up?
A．Out of protection of the species. B．To attract more people to enjoy the fruit.
C．Out of the founder’s love for bananas. D．To share more interesting photos of bananas.
2．What can visitors do at Roswell UFO Museum?
A．Share their opinions of UFO. B．Know some details about a historic event.
C．Discuss the possibility of seeing a UFO. D．Have a view of different shoes worldwide.
3．Anyone interested in the history of tap water can go to ______.
A．Giant Shoe Museum B．Washington Banana Museum
C．Roswell UFO Museum D．Beijing Tap Water Museum

Good Morning Britain (GMB) launches special “listening benches” in order to solve loneliness. EastEnders star Maisie Smith joined Susanna and Martin in the studio to talk about her involvement in a special part of the 1 Million Minutes campaign — GMB’s special “listening benches” across the country.
Six special “listening benches” have been designed by six celebrities, and can be found in six cities across the UK — and they’re in place to encourage people to strike up a conversation. Maisie joined the show to share why the campaign is important to her.
“I’m always very open about mental health,” Maisie explained. “It doesn’t matter who you are, where you’re from, what you have — everyone is going through something and I just think the world would be a kinder place if everyone understood that.”
“I think especially growing up in the limelight (引人注目) as a teenager, you’re very judgemental of yourself when you do see comments of other people judging you. It can add to the stress of the things you re already going through. I think people do think I’m confident because I cover my nerves with a big smile and that’s what I’ve been doing in my whole life.”
Susanna asked Maisie if she had a technique for dealing with her nerves. “It depends on what it is,” said Maisie. “A lot of the time — and it’s going to sound really stupid — but I write a script. I write down all of the questions that I could be asked and try to come up with something so that my brain won’t go blank when I’m under pressure.
4．What is the theme of “listening benches”?
A．Caring for oneself. B．Changing the world.
C．Dealing with loneliness. D．Protecting the environment.
5．Why did Maisie Smith join the studio?
A．To let people know about her life. B．To share her feelings of the campaign.
C．To set up a model for other celebrities. D．To ask more people to express their mind.
6．What is Maisie’s attitude toward her mental health?
A．Protective. B．Private.
C．Serious. D．Outspoken.
7．What is the text mainly about?
A．A programme on mental health. B．GMB interviewing celebrities.
C．Techniques for responding to nerves. D．Preparations before being interviewed.

Many people try to make society change for the better. The real challenge is how to get good solutions to scale up(按比例放大)for major change. New research suggests that social change may depend on the relationship between beneficial behaviors and policies.
The research, conducted by the University of Maine, University of Vermont and Université Laval in Quebec, Canada, attempted to understand how society can accomplish major, transformative social change, particularly the kind of social change necessary to solve the growing problem of climate change.
The researchers studied a behavior that benefits groups, but does not spread without pol- icy support, such as a costly measure to relieve the effects of climate change. They created a mathematical model, which simulates (模拟) a society where agents live in groups and adopt the beneficial behavior of peers. That behavior, given the right conditions, can spread like viral, but not if the institutional costs are too high.
“Large-scale social change is not just policy or behavior, but the emergence of a new self- reinforcing (自我强化)system that combines both. This allows us to ask new questions, such as “how would a new pattern of behavior and policy spread?’” says Laurent Hébert-Dufresne, lead author on the study.
The results showed that both behavioral change and policy change are required to achieve large-scale social change-and that they need to happen together. Though neither can get the job done on its own, policy change is especially critical. They found that sometimes the beneficial behavior can spread too far. In some cases, the spread of behavior beyond groups with supporting policy can reduce its perceived success and slow the spread of the policy, thereby limiting beneficial social change overall.
In future research, the team aims to apply these types of models to all sorts of beneficial social change, particularly the challenge of tackling climate change.
8．What factor may determine social change according to the research?
A．Beneficial behavior.
B．Good policies.
C．Public awareness.
D．Rules and beneficial action.
9．What is the purpose of the research?
A．To understand what social change is.
B．To figure out the way society changes.
C．To accomplish trans-formative social changes.
D．To tackle the growing problem of climate change.
10．What will the researchers do next?
A．Put theory into practice.
B．Write essays about their study.
C．Take challenges of climate change.
D．Do surveys on their research subject.
11．In which section may the text appear in a newspaper?
A．Travel.
B．Amusement.
C．Society.
D．Economy.

The area of tropical forest destroyed in 2021 was enough to cover the entire island of Cuba, and sent more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as India does in an entire year from burning fossil fuels, according to an analysis published on Thursday.
Some 11.1 million hectares (around 43, 000 square miles) of forest was destroyed, mainly by logging (伐木)as well as fires, the analysis by the World Resources Institute’s Global Forest Watch and the University of Maryland found. Some of those fires were deliberately lit to clear land and many were deteriorated by climate change.
The loss was less severe than in 2020, but deforestation (毁林)is still occurring at an alarming rate in the tropics. Of the area lost, 3. 75 million hectares were primary tropical forest at the equivalent of 10 soccer fields every minute, WRI reported.
Primary tropical forests in particular are crucial for the ecological balance of the planet, providing oxygen that supports life and as biodiversity hotspots. They are also rich in stored carbon, and when these forests are logged or burned, they release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.
“What’s important to understand is that forests, especially tropical forests, are part of the global climate system,” WRI senior fellow Frances Seymour told CNN. “So they’re not mechanical carbon storage devices. They actually influence the energy transfer and the moisture content of the atmosphere in ways that affect rainfall and global circulation patterns.”
“When deforestation happens, when forests are lost, it not only contributes carbon to the atmosphere, but also disrupts rainfall patterns and increases local temperatures in some ways. For example, it makes remaining forests more vulnerable to fire, and the warmer, drier conditions that come with climate change,” Seymour said.
12．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “deteriorated” in paragraph 2?
A．strengthened
B．expanded
C．worsened
D．extended
13．In which aspect are primary tropical forests especially important?
A．Promoting world economy.
B．Balancing the earth’s ecology.
C．Predicting severe weather.
D．Providing wood resources.
14．What did Seymour talk about in the last paragraph?
A．The consequence of deforestation.
B．The cause of forests loss.
C．The methods of protecting forests.
D．The contributions of forests.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Logging causes most forests loss
B．Analysts are concerned about tropic forests loss
C．Primary tropical forests are rich in stored carbon
D．Tropical forests are being destroyed at an alarming rate


二、七选五
In stressful times, the art of making people laugh could help to relieve pressure. We all know that laughter is the best medicine. 16 It creates physical changes in your body that accelerate healing and protect you from harm. Scientists tell us that people who can laugh at their own misfortunes bounce back faster and stronger.
If you have trouble seeing the funny side of your own failures, then you might find some useful advice in the story of a friend of mine, who developed an unpleasant reaction to garlic for which his doctor prescribed (开处方) a short course of ointment (药膏) and suppositories (栓剂).
17 After a few minutes, the chemist, standing at the far back of the shop, shouted at the top of her voice, “I’ve got your ointment, but I’ll have to order your suppositories!”
Following a short yet strongly uncomfortable silence, she came forwards to the counter and said, “ 18 ” “Yes, you did,” was my friend’s quiet reply. I asked him how he was able to see the funny side of such an embarrassing incident and he said, “If I was standing in the shop and this had happened to someone else, it would have been funny. 19 ”
Laughing at yourself doesn’t make you a fool. It makes you strong, confident and self-assured. We all make mistakes; we all forget, trip, take wrong turns. 20 They cannot learn and will repeat the same mistakes, over and over again.
A．Sorry, I shouted that, didn’t I?
B．Sorry, you didn’t hear what I shouted, did you?
C．So it’s no less funny, just because it happened to me.
D．When someone denies a mistake, they become proud.
E．He took the prescription to the drug store and waited patiently.
F．The feeling you get when you feel bad about a mistake is embarrassment.
G．There is much scientific research proving that laughter does more than cheer you up.


三、完形填空
Liz Woodward was on her midnight shift at the Route 130 Diner located in Delran, New Jersey. At around 5 in the morning, she noticed two 21 come into the diner. When she asked what they 22 , they asked for their “biggest” cup of coffee.
The poor firefighters, Tim and Paul, looked 23 . A nearby warehouse was on fire. It was one of the biggest 24 of the news that day. She 25 that the two men came from their shift. She knew they had a 26 night.
After helping with the fire for 12 long hours, they badly needed coffee. When they asked for the 27 , the two men were surprised when they saw a note. The note 28 , “Your breakfast is on me today. Thank you for all that you do, for 29 others and for running into the places everyone else runs away from.” As it 30 , their waitress, Liz Woodward, heard everything, and she was so grateful for the 31 of the front-liners that she 32 to take care of their bill.
Touched by the waitress’ 33 , Tim decided to post it on social media, and it went viral. What they didn’t expect was that Liz, 34 needed help. Tim and Paul 35 a GoFundMe page that Liz had started a year before. It was for her father, Steve, who was badly ill. They needed a custom 36 , a wheel-chair accessible van (面包车).
When the 37 became viral, more people donated to the GoFundMe account. A famous maker of the vehicle they wanted 38 a MV-1 to Steve! Liz and her family couldn’t believe how her simple act of kindness created a chain of 39 events. For Liz, she was just thankful that there are people who would devote their lives to serving the country and its people. She didn’t expect anything 40 but got so much for her kindness anyway.
21．A．teachers B．doctors C．firefighters D．policemen
22．A．bought B．thought C．treated D．wanted
23．A．exhausted B．excited C．handsome D．puzzled
24．A．deadlines B．headlines C．views D．opinions
25．A．advised B．pretended C．assumed D．indicated
26．A．rough B．normal C．relaxing D．splendid
27．A．money B．bill C．check D．debt
28．A．joked B．warned C．said D．reminded
29．A．burying B．observing C．employing D．serving
30．A．set down B．went along C．came about D．turned out
31．A．pressure B．bravery C．wisdom D．generosity
32．A．decided B．aimed C．promised D．expected
33．A．condition B．position C．kindness D．attitude
34．A．already B．ever C．even D．also
35．A．declared B．shared C．created D．founded
36．A．vehicle B．house C．carpet D．desk
37．A．post B．video C．advertisement D．design
38．A．contributed B．recommended C．donated D．sold
39．A．individual B．annual C．cultural D．positive
40．A．in need B．in return C．in respect D．in turn


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
NASA is planning its first ever mission to bring dirt and rocks from Mars back to Earth, but before that historical event happens, the space agency has to figure out 41 (exact) how to protect our home planet from any alien microbes (微生物) that might come along.
This week, the agency is holding public meetings and looking for feedback on its plan 42 (land) a spacecraft carrying Martian specimens at a U.S. Air Force testing range in Utah in the early 2030s.
“Maybe this is the most important environmental 43 (assess) that humans have ever done,” says Peter Doran, a geologist at Louisiana State University who studies life in extreme environments. Having a rock sample from Mars here on Earth would let researchers run detailed lab tests to look for evidence of 44 this cold, harsh, rocky world was once habitable (可居住的) or maybe even inhabited.
For researchers, this is 45 long-held dream. Discussion about such a mission 46 (go) on for decades, and it will cost billions of dollars to accomplish. Until recently, there hasn’t been a lot of focus on the details of the sample return facility because 47 (science) didn’t think it was going to happen.
NASA officials are working out a plan to safely collect the samples: A spacecraft would land on Mars and launch a container full of the previously 48 (collect) rock samples into orbit around the planet. Once in orbit, this container could be swallowed by another container— 49 a big fish eating a little fish—to keep anything that had touched Mars inside and then it would 50 (seal).


五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Aimed at enriching our after-school life and develop our awareness of protecting our traditional culture, a Chinese folk music club is scheduled to be found soon. So club members are required now. Whoever had a good command of traditional Chinese folk music is warmly welcome to join in the club. The club will undoubtedly hold a variety of appealing activities, which are of greatly benefit to you. It is a club that you are bound to enjoy yourself while gaining knowledges and joy. Therefore, it is so a golden opportunity that you’d better not miss it.
To sign up for the club, you are supposed to hand in your person information to the Student Union by e-mail before the evening of May 3rd.
Hope all the students will take active part in it.

六、告知信/通知
52．为丰富学生的校园生活，你校即将举办一场民族舞蹈演出。请你代表学生会用英文写一则通知，内容包括：
1.演出时间和地点；
2.观看须知；
3.演出意义。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了世界上最奇异的几个博物馆。
1．细节理解题。根据Washington Banana Museum 部分中的“Ann Mitchell Lovell really loves bananas. In fact, she loves them enough to not only run the Washington Banana Museum,…(安·米切尔·洛弗尔真的很喜欢香蕉。事实上，她非常爱他们，不仅经营着华盛顿香蕉博物馆,...)”可知，华盛顿香蕉博物馆是因为创始人Ann Mitchell Lovell很喜欢香蕉。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据Roswell UFO Museum 部分中的“Visitors can ask as many questions as possible about the Roswell incident of 1947, and know about what was spotted in the sky that fateful night.(游客可以尽可能多地询问有关1947年罗斯威尔事件的问题，并了解那个决定性的夜晚在天空中发现了什么。)”可知，在这个博物馆，游客可以问很多关于1947年事件的问题，所以在这里有可能了解一些相关的历史。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据Beijing Tap Water Museum 部分中的“One of the key ingredients you need to make ramen is water, so when you’re done with weird (怪异的) museums in Japan, maybe you should head to China to learn more about tap water, specifically the history of the first water plant in Beijing.(制作拉面所需的关键成分之一是水，所以当你在日本参观完怪异的博物馆时，也许你应该去中国了解更多关于自来水的信息，特别是北京第一家水厂的历史。)”可知该部分介绍的是与北京自来水相关的历史，所以对自来水历史感兴趣的游客可以去Beijing Tap Water Museum。故选D项。
4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了早安英国（GBM）为了解决人们孤独感等心理问题，推出了特殊的板块“倾听板凳”，得到了很多名人的支持并参与其中。
4．细节理解题。根据首段中的“Good Morning Britain (GMB) launches special “listening benches” in order to solve loneliness.(《早安英国》推出特殊的栏目“倾听板凳”，以解决孤独感。)”可知，为解决孤独问题，早安英国设置了特殊的栏目“倾听板凳”，所以该活动的主题是“解决孤独”。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Maisie joined the show to share why the campaign is important to her.(Maisie参加了节目，分享了为什么活动对她很重要。)”可知，Maisie参加这项活动是为了分享这项活动对她很重要，也就是说，她加入这项活动是分享自己对该项活动的感受。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘I’m always very open about mental health,’ Maisie explained. ‘It doesn’t matter who you are, where you’re from, what you have—everyone is going through something and I just think the world would be a kinder place if everyone understood that.’(“我对心理健康总是非常开放，”Maisie解释说。“不管你是谁，你来自哪里，你拥有什么——每个人都在经历一些事情，我只是认为如果每个人都明白这一点，世界会变得更善良。”)”可知，Maisie对自己的精神健康问题一直是很公开的，每人都有自己的经历，大家都理解这一点就很好，由此可推断，Maisie对对她的心理健康问题很坦率，直言不讳。故选D项。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合首段“Good Morning Britain (GMB) launches special “listening benches” in order to solve loneliness. EastEnders star Maisie Smith joined Susanna and Martin in the studio to talk about her involvement in a special part of the 1 Million Minutes campaign—GMB’s special “listening benches” across the country.(《早安英国》推出特殊的“倾听板凳”，以解决孤独感。 EastEnders 明星Maisie Smith与Susanna和Martin一起在演播室谈论她参与100万分钟活动的特殊部分 —— GMB在全国各地的特殊栏目“倾听板凳”。)”可知，本文主要介绍《早安英国》推出了一个“倾听板凳”节目，帮助人们解决孤独问题，由此可知，本文主要介绍了一个关于心理健康的节目。故选A项。
8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是一项研究，该研究的目的是试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革，特别是解决日益严重的气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“New research suggests that social change may depend on the relationship between beneficial behaviors and policies.(新的研究表明，社会变革可能取决于有益行为和政策之间的关系。)”可知，社会变革取决于行为和政策之间的关系。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The research, conducted by the University of Maine, University of Vermont and Université Laval in Quebec, Canada, attempted to understand how society can accomplish major, transformative social change, particularly the kind of social change necessary to solve the growing problem of climate change.(这项由缅因州大学、佛蒙特大学和加拿大魁北克省拉瓦尔大学共同开展的研究，试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革，特别是解决日益严重的气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。)”可知，该项研究的目的是试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革即弄清社会的变化。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In future research, the team aims to apply these types of models to all sorts of beneficial social change, particularly the challenge of tackling climate change.(在未来的研究中，该团队的目标是将这些类型的模型应用于各种有益的社会变革，特别是应对气候变化的挑战。)”可知，该研究接下来将把理论付诸于实践。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The research, conducted by the University of Maine, University of Vermont and Université Laval in Quebec, Canada, attempted to understand how society can accomplish major, transformative social change, particularly the kind of social change necessary to solve the growing problem of climate change.(这项由缅因州大学、佛蒙特大学和加拿大魁北克省拉瓦尔大学共同开展的研究，试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革，特别是解决日益严重的气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。)”可知，本文介绍的是一项研究，该研究的目的是试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革，特别是解决日益严重的气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。由此推断，本文出自报纸的社会部分。故选C。
12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了伐木和火灾导致大面积的热带森林被毁，并分析了原始热带森林的意义和影响。
12．词句猜测题。根据划线词前“Some of those fires were deliberately lit to clear land (其中一些火是故意点燃来清理土地的)”可知，句中在分析森林火灾的原因，结合火灾和“climate change”可知，气候变化因素会助力火灾的发生，会让情况变得更糟。与结合选项，划线词deteriorate与worsen意思相近，表示“(使)恶化，(使)更糟”。故选C项。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段“Primary tropical forests in particular are crucial for the ecological balance of the planet (原始热带森林对地球的生态平衡尤其重要)”可知，原始热带森林在平衡地球生态方面特别重要。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中Seymour的话“When deforestation happens, when forests are lost, it not only contributes carbon to the atmosphere, but also disrupts rainfall patterns and increases local temperatures in some ways. For example, it makes remaining forests more vulnerable to fire, and the warmer, drier conditions that come with climate change,(当森林砍伐发生时，森林消失，它不仅会向大气中排放碳，而且还会破坏降雨模式，在某种程度上增加当地的温度。例如，它使剩余的森林更容易受到火灾的影响，带来伴随气候变化的更温暖、更干燥的条件)”可知，在最后一段中Seymour谈到森林砍伐的后果。故选A项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，文章报道了2021年伐木和火灾导致大面积的热带森林正以惊人的速度遭到破坏，这会给地球生态带来很大的影响。“Tropical forests are being destroyed at an alarming rate (热带森林正以惊人的速度遭到破坏)”作为新闻报道标题概括了新闻主要内容，同时能抓住读者眼球，激发阅读兴趣，是最佳选项。故选D项。
16．G 17．E 18．A 19．C 20．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现，能够自嘲的人会很快的从不幸中走出来。
16．根据空后的“It creates physical changes in your body that accelerate healing and protect you from harm.(它会在您的身体中产生物理变化，从而加速愈合并保护您免受伤害。)”可知，大笑对人体产生的影响，由此可见，此空处应该与此处的内容相关，此处的it所指的内容与G选项“There is much scientific research proving that laughter does more than cheer you up.(有很多科学研究证明，笑不仅仅是让你振作起来。)”中的laughter一致。故选G项。
17．根据空后“After a few minutes, the chemist, standing at the far back of the shop, shouted at the top of her voice, “I’ve got your ointment, but I’ll have to order your suppositories!”(几分钟后，站在商店后面的化学家用她的声音喊道：“我有你的药膏，但我必须订购你的栓剂！”)”中的“after a few minutes”可推知，空格内的内容与时间有关系，E选项“He took the prescription to the drug store and waited patiently.(他把处方拿到药店，耐心地等待着。)”的耐心等待与时间有关，符合题意。故选E项。
18．根据空后的““Yes, you did,” was my friend’s quiet reply.(“是的，是你做的，”是我朋友平静的回答。)”可知，此空处应为提出的问题，所以选项A和选项B符合条件，A选项中的“Sorry, I shouted that, didn’t I?(对不起，我喊了，不是吗？)”的答复人称吻合。故选A项。
19．根据空前的“If I was standing in the shop and this had happened to someone else, it would have been funny.(如果我站在店里，这发生在别人身上，那会很有趣。)”可知，此处是作者朋友在如此尴尬的事情中如何看到有趣的方面，C选项“So it’s no less funny, just because it happened to me.(所以这同样有趣，只是因为它发生在我身上。)”中陈述的内容与空前内容吻合，且两者间因果关系，逻辑通顺。故选C项。
20．根据空前的“We all make mistakes; we all forget, trip, take wrong turns.(我们都会犯错误；我们都会忘记，会摔倒，走错路。)”可知，我们都会犯错误，D选项“When someone denies a mistake, they become proud.(当有人否认错误时，他们会感到自豪。)”中的mistake与上文中的mistake语义相关，为解题关键词，且该选项与空后的“They cannot learn and will repeat the same mistakes, over and over again.(他们不会学习，会一遍又一遍地犯同样的错误。)”中的人称一致，符合题意。故选D项。

21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．D 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．B 36．A 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了女服务员丽兹·伍德沃德为两位救火归来的消防员买单，但是她本身也需要帮助，她的善举被人分享到网上后，她得到了很多人的无私捐助的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：早上5点左右，她注意到两个消防队员走进了餐厅。A. teachers教师；B. doctors医生；C. firefighters消防员；D. policemen警察。根据下文“The poor firefighters, Tim and Paul, looked 　　3　　.”可知，此处指两个消防队员走进了餐厅。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她问他们想要什么时，他们要了“最大杯”的咖啡。A. bought买；B. thought想；C. treated对待；D. wanted想要。根据下文“they asked for their “biggest” cup of coffee.”可知，此处指她问他们想要什么。故选D。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可怜的消防员蒂姆和保罗看起来筋疲力尽。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. excited兴奋的；C. handsome英俊的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据下文“After helping with the fire for 12 long hours, they badly needed coffee.”及常识可知，工作这么长时间后，一定是筋疲力尽的。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是当天最大的头条新闻之一。A. deadlines截止日期；B. headlines头条新闻；C. views观点；D. opinions意见。根据下文“of the news that day”可知，此处指头条新闻。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她认为那两个人是当班回来的。A. advised建议；B. pretended假装；C. assumed认为；D. indicated表明。根据下文“that the two men came from their shift.”可知，此处指她认为那两个人是当班回来的。故选C。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她知道他们度过了一个艰难的夜晚。A. rough艰难的；B. normal正常的；C. relaxing放松的；D. splendid精彩的。根据下文“After helping with the fire for 12 long hours, they badly needed coffee.”可知，此处指他们度过了一个艰难的夜晚。故选A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们要账单时，这两个人看到了一张纸条，感到很惊讶。A. money金钱；B. bill帐单；C. check支票；D. debt债务。根据下文“Your breakfast is on me today.”可知，此处指他们要账单时，发现已经有人结账了。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：纸条上写着：“今天你们的早餐我请。谢谢你们所做的一切，谢谢你们为别人服务，谢谢你们跑到别人都逃避的地方。”A. joked开玩笑；B. warned警告；C. said写着；D. reminded提醒。根据下文内容可知，此处指纸条上写着一些话。故选C。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：纸条上写着：“今天你们的早餐我请。谢谢你们所做的一切，谢谢你们为别人服务，谢谢你们跑到别人都逃避的地方。”A. burying埋藏；B. observing观察；C. employing雇用；D. serving服务。根据语境及下文“others”可知，此处指消防员为别人服务。故选D。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果，他们的女服务员丽兹·伍德沃德听到了这一切，她非常感激前线人员的勇敢，于是决定为他们买单。A. set down放下；B. went along前进；C. came about发生；D. turned out结果是。根据下文“their waitress, Liz Woodward, heard everything, and she was so grateful for the 　　11　　 of the front-liners that she 　　12　　 to take care of their bill.”可知，此处指事情的结果是，他们的女服务员为他们买了单。故选D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果，他们的女服务员丽兹·伍德沃德听到了这一切，她非常感激前线人员的勇敢，于是决定为他们买单。A. pressure压力；B. bravery勇敢；C. wisdom智慧；D. generosity慷慨。根据上文“Thank you for all that you do, for 　　9　　 others and for running into the places everyone else runs away from.”及下文“of the front-liners”可知，这些前线人员很勇敢。故选B。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果，他们的女服务员丽兹·伍德沃德听到了这一切，她非常感激前线人员的勇敢，于是决定为他们买单。A. decided决定；B. aimed瞄准；C. promised承诺；D. expected预期。根据上文“she was so grateful for the 　　11　　 of the front-liners that”及下文“to take care of their bill.”可知，丽兹·伍德沃德非常感激前线人员的勇敢，于是决定为他们买单。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆被女服务员的善良感动了，他决定把这张照片发布到社交媒体上，这张照片迅速走红。A. condition条件；B. position位置；C. kindness善良；D. attitude态度。根据上文“and she was so grateful for the 　　11　　 of the front-liners that she 　　12　　 to take care of their bill.”及下文“Liz and her family couldn’t believe how her simple act of kindness created a chain of 　　19　　 events.”可知，此处指女服务员的善良。故选C。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们没有想到的是，莉兹也需要帮助。A. already已经；B. ever永远；C. even甚至；D. also也。根据下文“It was for her father, Steve, who was badly ill.”可知，女服务员莉兹也需要帮助。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆和保罗分享了莉兹一年前创建的一个GoFundMe页面。A. declared宣布；B. shared分享；C. created创造；D. founded创立。根据上文“Touched by the waitress’ 　　13　　, Tim decided to post it on social media, and it went viral.”及下文“When the 　　17　　 became viral, more people donated to the GoFundMe account.”可知，此处指蒂姆在发布这个故事的同时，和保罗也分享了莉兹一年前创建的一个GoFundMe页面。故选B。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们需要一辆定制的车，一辆轮椅无障碍的面包车。A. vehicle车辆；B. house房屋；C. carpet地毯；D. desk办公桌。根据下文“a wheel-chair accessible van (面包车)”可知，他们需要一辆定制的车。故选A。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这篇帖子走红后，更多的人向GoFundMe账户捐款。A. post帖子；B. video视频；C. advertisement广告；D. design设计。根据上文“Touched by the waitress’ 　　13　　, Tim decided to post it on social media, and it went viral.”可知，此处指网上发布的这个帖子。故选A。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们想要的汽车的著名制造商向史蒂夫捐赠了一辆MV-1！A. contributed出资；B. recommended推荐；C. donated捐赠；D. sold卖。根据上文“When the 　　17　　 became viral, more people donated to the GoFundMe account.”可知，此处指著名制造商向史蒂夫捐赠了一辆MV-1。故选C。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莉兹和她的家人都不敢相信，她的一个简单的善举竟然产生了一系列积极的影响。A. individual个人的；B. annual年度的；C. cultural文化的；D. positive积极的。根据上文“When the 　　17　　 became viral, more people donated to the GoFundMe account. A famous maker of the vehicle they wanted 　　18　　 a MV-1 to Steve!”可知，此处指她的一个简单的善举竟然产生了一系列积极的影响。故选D。
40．考查介词短语辨析。句意：她不指望任何回报，但她的好意还是得到了很多。A. in need有需要的；B. in return作为回报；C. in respect关于；D. in turn依次。根据上文“She didn’t expect anything”及常识可知，此处指她做好事，并不指望任何回报。故选B。

41．exactly 42．to land 43．assessment 44．whether 45．a 46．has gone/has been going 47．scientists 48．collected 49．like 50．be sealed

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国宇航局计划从火星将泥土和岩石带回到地球上，为保护地球不受任何外星微生物的侵害，需要做哪些工作。
41．考查副词。句意：美国宇航局正在计划其有史以来第一次将泥土和岩石从火星带回地球的任务，但在这一历史事件发生之前，航天局必须弄清楚如何保护我们的家园星球免受任何可能出现的外星微生物的侵害。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，修饰how to protect，exact的副词为exactly。故填exactly。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：本周，该机构正在举行公开会议，并寻求有关其计划在20世纪30年代初将载有火星标本的航天器降落在犹他州美国空军测试靶场的反馈。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰plan，plan作为动词后面常跟to do 作宾语，转换为名词时，使用不定式作定语修饰，且land与plan之间为主动关系。故填to land。
43．考查名词。句意：“也许这是人类做过的最重要的环境评估，”路易斯安那州立大学研究极端环境中生命的地质学家彼得·多兰说。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作表语，此空位于形容词之后，所以填名词，assess的名词为assessment且不可数。故填assessment。
44．考查连词。句意：在地球上拥有来自火星的岩石样本可以让研究人员进行详细的实验室测试，以寻找这个寒冷，严酷，岩石世界是否曾经适合居住甚至有人居住的证据。分析句子结构可知，此处填连词引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意以及下文中的or可知，此处为“是……还是……”符合句意。故填whether。
45．考查冠词。句意：对于研究人员来说，这是一个长期的梦想。“dream”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且空后的long-held的第一个音节为辅音。故填a。
46．考查谓语动词。句意：关于这样一个任务的讨论已经持续了几十年，完成它将花费数十亿美元。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词形式，结合语境以及时间状语“for decades”可知，此处表示的是动作从过去发生持续到现在，所以使用现在完成时态，或者是现在完成进行时态，表示“一直处于某种状态”，主语是单数，且与谓语动词go之间为主动关系。故填has gone/has been going。
47．考查名词。句意：直到最近，人们还没有太多关注样品返回设施的细节，因为科学家认为这不会发生。分析句子结构可知，此处填名词作主语，结合句意可知，此处表示“科学家”为scientist，因此空前无任何限定词，所以使用名词复数。故填scientists。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：美国宇航局官员正在制定一项安全收集样本的计划：一艘航天器将降落在火星上，并将一个装满先前收集的岩石样本的容器发射到地球轨道上。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，位于所修饰词之前，只能使用分词，collect与rock samples之间为被动关系且空前的previously表示该动作已经发生，所以使用过去分词。故填collected。
49．考查介词。句意：一旦进入轨道，这个容器可以被另一个容器吞下——就像一条大鱼吃一条小鱼一样——把任何接触过火星的东西都放在里面，然后它就会被密封起来。分析句子结构可知，空后为名词短语以及eating，此处只能填介词，结合句意可知，此处表示“像……一样”，like符合句意。故填like。
50．考查动词的被动语态。句意：一旦进入轨道，这个容器可以被另一个容器吞下——就像一条大鱼吃一条小鱼一样——把任何接触过火星的东西都放在里面，然后它就会被密封起来。分析句子结构可知，此空位于助动词would之后，所以应填动词原形，且主语与seal之间的关系为被动关系。故填be sealed。
51．1.develop→developing
2.found→founded
3.had→has
4.删除in
5.greatly→great
6.that→where
7.knowledges→knowledge
8.so→such
9.person→personal
10.在active前加an
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是学校中国民族音乐俱乐部招募成员的广告。
【详解】1.考查动名词。句意：为了丰富我们的课余生活，培养我们保护传统文化的意识，一个中国民族音乐俱乐部即将成立。动词develop和enriching并列，作介词at的宾语，应用动名词形式，故将develop改为developing。
2.考查过去分词。句意同上。结合“to be”可知，此处是动词不定式的被动式，found“建立”应用过去分词，故将found改为founded。
3.考查一般现在时。句意：任何精通中国传统民族音乐的人都欢迎加入我们的俱乐部。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，Whoever作主语，谓语动词用单数，故将had改为has。
4.考查动词用法。句意同上。根据“the club”可知，此处指加入某个组织或团体，应用动词join，join in表示参加某种活动，不符合题意，故删除in。
5.考查形容词。句意：俱乐部无疑会举办各种吸引人的活动，对你大有裨益。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词benefit，故将greatly改为great。
6.考查定语从句。句意：这是一个你一定会乐在其中，同时获得知识和快乐的俱乐部。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词是club，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故将that改为where。
7.考查不可数名词。句意同上。knowledge是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将knowledges改为knowledge。
8.考查固定短语。句意：因此，这是一个千载难逢的机会，你最好不要错过。表示“如此……以至于”时，so的结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”，such的结构的“such+a/an+形容词+名词”，故此处应用such，故将so改为such。
9.考查形容词。句意：要报名参加俱乐部，你必须在5月3日晚上之前通过电子邮件将你的个人信息交给学生会。修饰名词information，应用形容词，作定语，故将person改为personal。
10.考查不定冠词。句意：希望所有的学生都能积极参加。take an active part in积极参加，固定短语。故在active前加an。
52．参考范文：
Notice
In order to enrich the campus life of international students, a Chinese folk dance performance will be given in our school.
As scheduled, the performance will start at 4: 00 pm on April 22nd in the school hall, lasting one and a half hours. During the performance, it is demanded that all of you keep quiet and watch the performance carefully. Through the performance, you could not only enjoy an audio-visual feast but also have a better understanding of Chinese culture. In addition, many beautiful gifts with Chinese characteristics are prepared for those present. All the international students are welcome to participate on time.
Students’ Union
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生就学校即将举办一场民族舞蹈演出，代表学生会用英文写一则通知。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
丰富，改善：enrich → improve
开始：start → begin
要求：demand → require
安静的：quiet → silent
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In addition, many beautiful gifts with Chinese characteristics are prepared for those present.
拓展句：In addition, many beautiful gifts, which are full of Chinese characteristics, are prepared for those present.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
During the performance, it is demanded that all of you keep quiet and watch the performance carefully.（运用了it作形式主语）
【高分句型2】
Through the performance, you could not only enjoy an audio-visual feast but also have a better understanding of Chinese culture.（运用了not only...but also...连接并列谓语）