重庆市育才中学2022—2023学年高二下学期第一次月考英语（清北班）

这是一份重庆市育才中学2022—2023学年高二下学期第一次月考英语（清北班），文件包含重庆市育才中学2022-2023学年高二下学期第一次月考英语清北班解析版docx、重庆市育才中学2022-2023学年高二下学期第一次月考英语清北班原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共44页， 欢迎下载使用。
重庆育才中学高2023届高二下 第一次月考（一）
英 语 试 题 2023.04.06
本试卷为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分， 考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：1. 答卷前，请考生务必把自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第I卷（满分95分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Tour Boston. B. Visit Caroline. C. Watch the news.
2. What is Jim’s suggestion about?
A. Raising money. B. Hiring a lawyer. C. Calling a meeting.
3. What is the woman going to do this weekend?
A. Finish a report. B. Look after Bob. C. Climb a mountain.
4. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Find a full-time job. B. Study another subject. C. Go to evening classes.
5. What is the man now?
A. An online shop owner. B. A construction worker. C. A computer engineer.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does Miyako want to do?
A. Make a call. B. Send a card. C. Hold a party.
7. What is the man doing?
A. Making an apology. B. Giving an explanation. C. Sharing an experience.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where will Maria go the day after tomorrow?
A. The London Zoo. B. The British Museum. C. The Tower of London.
9. How many days will Maria stay in Oxford?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
10. Why will Maria go to Edinburgh?
A. To do a study. B. To meet a friend. C. To see her sister.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。
11. What does the woman dislike?
A. Fish. B. Vegetables. C. Fried chicken.
12. What does the man find it hard to do?
A. Make cakes and pies. B. Stop drinking coffee. C. Eat a lot of tomatoes.
13. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Doctor’s advice to the man. B. What to eat for a good meal. C. The man’s favorite dishes.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。
14. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Old classmates. B. Neighbors. C. Fellow workers.
15. Where are the speakers?
A. At a hotel. B. At Betty’s home. C. At the railway station.
16. What is Jack doing?
A. Working at a restaurant. B. Cooking in the kitchen. C. Buying food for dinner.
17. What will Marc probably do?
A. See a film. B. Go shopping. C. Visit an old town.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。
18. What does the speaker say about Castle Howard?
A. It took its name from a film.
B. It has been home to a family.
C. It was once used for defense.
19. What is special about the Walled Gardens?
A. It’s open every day of the year.
B. It’s the largest garden in England.
C. It’s planted with many kinds of roses.
20. Who is probably the speaker?
A. A tour guide. B. A gardener. C. A news reporter.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Photo Contest
Entry Categories:
1.Photo Competition
Theme: “Connect”
Entry format: Single photo or photo story (two to five images)
Any equipment can be used.
No age restrictions.
2. Short Film Competition
Theme: “Passion”
Entry format: 180 to 300 seconds long video
Any equipment can be used.
If any language is used within the video, English language subtitles (字幕) must be included.
Entrants must be 25 years of age or younger.
Prizes:
Award name
Competition
No. Of Winners
Prizes
Grand Prize
Photo Competition
1
$3,000
Short Film Competition
1
Excellence
Award
Photo Competition
2
1. $2,000
2. An instant print camera
Short Film Competition
2
1. $2,000
2. A camera with video output function
Special Encouragement
Award
Photo Competition
4
1. $1,000
2. An instant print camera
Short Film Competition
4
Entry Period:
Photo Competition: October 22 to December 25
Short Film Competition: October 26 to December 8
Note:
1. Entry is limited to original works that have not formerly been displayed or exhibited as any visual medium.
2. Works that have won prizes in other contests or that have been submitted to other contests currently underway, including similar works, are not acceptable. Even works that are entered in other competitions after submission to this contest will be regarded as having been submitted to other contests currently underway.
1. What do the two competitions have in common?
A. They allow any equipment. B. They share the same theme.
C. They have no age restrictions. D. They accept entries from other contests.
2. What can Special Encouragement Award winners get?
A. $3,000. B. $2,000.
C. $1,000 & an instant print camera. D. $1,000 & a camera with video output function.
3. What is the deadline for submissions to Photo Competition?
A. October 22. B. October 26. C. December 8. D. December 25.
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了摄影比赛的一些具体内容和要求。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据1.Photo Competition中的“Any equipment can be used.”和2. Short Film Competition中的“Any equipment can be used.”可知，这两个竞赛的共同之处是“可以使用任何设备”。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prizes中的Special EncouragementAward部分中1. $1,000和2. An instant print camera可知，特殊鼓励奖获得者可以获得一千美元和一个即时打印相机。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Entry Period中的Photo Competition: October 22 to December 25可知，摄影比赛的截至日期是12月25日。故选D项。
B
Traveling brings you to the most unexpected places sometimes. A wrong train can drop you in a town that was never meant to be on your traveling list. A chance encounter with a stranger can lead straight to the family dinner table. With a few years of global traveling under my belt, my list of things that did not go quite as planned is long. One of the first began with a plan to experience rural life in Europe.
My interest in the idea started when I came across the website for WWOOF or Worldwide Opportunities on Organic Farms, the organization that matches volunteers with organic farms around the world. I quickly checked the front page.
A few hours of work each day in exchange for accommodation? Learn about organic farming and sustainable agriculture while conserving my travel budget? That seemed perfect. A few emails later, I had booked my place at a farm in France. I arrived on a cold November day and even under cloudy skies, the little stone house with a beautiful view met my expectations of rural life.
My heart sank the next morning when I got my first lesson in the realities of WWOOFing: the jobs are not always as you imagine. “I need you to find a broken pipe. It’s down there somewhere,” said my host, pointing to a general area of ground where he thought I’d find the reason for his blocked toilet. The buried treasure was finally located on the fourth day. My muscles ached from moving huge amounts of earth around. My hands were stained(被染污) a dark brown from all the mud.
But despite the odds, I did have fun. Good hosts, cheerful companions and hearty evening meals went a long way towards easing the physical pain of the work. On my train ride home, I reflected on my WWOOF experiences. Would I do it again? Sure. Amongst all the hard work, I made some good friends, and spent time in beautiful settings that I would never have seen otherwise. But next time I will focus less on the nice descriptions of the farms and more on packing relief cream for sore(酸痛的) muscles.
4. What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 3?
A. His longing for France. B. The importance of WWOOF
C. The attractions of WWOOFing. D. His opinions on organic farming.
5. Which of the following can describe the author’s work on the French farm?
A. Well-paid. B. Physically demanding
C. Fairly creative. D. Dangerous.
6. What is the author’s attitude to his WWOOF experience on the farm?
A. Favorable. B. Unfavorable.
C. Regretful. D. Indifferent
7. Why would the author be a WWOOF volunteer again?
A. It brought him enjoyment. B. It gave him a sense of duty.
C. It enabled him to work harder. D. It provided him with material rewards.
【4~7题答案】
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者通过WWOOF进行的一次有机农场体验。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“A few hours of work each day in exchange for accommodation? Learn about organic farming and sustainable agriculture while conserving my travel budget? That seemed perfect. A few emails later, I had booked my place at a farm in France. I arrived on a cold November day and even under cloudy skies, the little stone house with a beautiful view met my expectations of rural life.(用每天工作几个小时换取住宿？在节省旅行预算的同时了解有机农业和可持续农业？这看起来很完美。几封电子邮件之后，我在法国的一个农场订了房间。我是在11月的寒冷的一天来到这里的，即使在多云的天空下，这座风景优美的小石屋也满足了我对乡村生活的期望)”可知，作者选择这里的原因是被这里提供的活动项目及风景所吸引，因而本段主要介绍的是WWOOFing吸引人的景物。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段后两句“My muscles ached from moving huge amounts of earth around. My hands were stained(被染污) a dark brown from all the mud.(我的肌肉因为翻动了大量的泥土而疼痛。我的手被泥浆染成了深棕色)”可知，作者因为干活而肌肉酸痛，由此可推知，他在农场干的是体力活，对体力的要求很高。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二三句“On my train ride home, I reflected on my WWOOF experiences. Would I do it again? Sure.(在回家的火车上，我回顾了自己的WWOOF经历。我还会再来一次吗？当然)”可知，作者还想再来一次这样的经历，因此可推知，他是喜欢本次WWOOF经历的。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Amongst all the hard work, I made some good friends, and spent time in beautiful settings that I would never have seen otherwise.(在艰苦的工作中，我结交了一些好朋友，在我从未见过的美丽环境中度过了一段时光)”可知，这段经历给作者带来的更多是以前不曾经历过的事物，因此可知，作者想再来一次是因为可以遇见和经历令人愉快的人和事。故选A。
C
The discovery of the ruined palace in the Mosul Dam reservoir on the banks of the Tigris River inspired an archeological dig that would improve understanding of the Mittani Empire, one of the least-researched empires of the ancient Near East, a team of German researchers said. “The find is one of the most important archeological discoveries in the region in recent decades,” Kurdish archeologist(考古学家) Hasan Qasim said.
The palace would have originally stood just 65 feet from the river on a terrace(梯田). A terrace wall of mud bricks was later added to make the building stable. Ivana Puljiz, an archeologist from the University of Tübingen’s Institute for Ancient Near Eastern Studies, describes the palace, known as Kemune, as a carefully designed building with mud-brick walls up to 2 meters (6.6 feet) thick.
The team also found wall paintings in shades of red and blue, which were probably a common feature of palaces at the time but have rarely been found preserved. “Discovering wall paintings in Kemune is an archeological sensation,” Puljiz said in a press release, “Kemune is only the second site in the region where wall paintings of the Mittani period have been discovered.”
Ten clay tablets covered in cuneiform, an ancient system of writing, were also discovered and have been sent to Germany for translation. “From the texts we hope to gain information on the inner structure of the Mitani Empire, its economic organization, and the relationship of the Mittani capital with the administrative centers in the neighboring regions,” Puljiz added.
Archeologists first became aware of the site in 2010 when water levels in the reservoir were low, but this is the first time they have been able to dig. However, the site was submerged(淹没) shortly after the dig, Puljiz said, adding“It is unclear when it will come out of water again”.
8. The function of the archeological dig is to ________.
A. attract people to travel to the Tigris River
B. help people know the Mittani Empire better
C. show ways of rebuilding the Mosul Dam reservoir
D. provide some clues about research on the Near East
9. Why was the mud-brick terrace wall built later?
A. To make the palace firmly built. B. To offer tourists a place for rest.
C. To give tourists a good view. D. To make the building better designed
10. What can we infer from Puljiz’s words in paragraph 3?
A. Kemune is different from any other palace.
B. Wall paintings were an important discovery.
C. Kemune is famous for its special wall paintings
D. Wall paintings were first discovered in the Mittani Empire.
11. What made the dig difficult for archeologists?
A. Translating the cuneiform into English B. Knowing relationships between regions.
C. Waiting for the water level to drop. D. Understanding the structure of the empire.
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。伊拉克的摩苏尔水坝水位下降，意外让一座古老的宫殿重见天日。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The discovery of the ruined palace in the Mosul Dam reservoir on the banks of the Tigris River inspired an archeological dig that would improve understanding of the Mittani Empire, one of the least-researched empires of the ancient Near East, a team of German researchers said.”（一组德国研究人员称，在底格里斯河沿岸的摩苏尔大坝水库发现了这座宫殿遗址，这一发现激发了一项考古挖掘活动，将有助于人们更好地了解Mittani帝国。Mittani帝国是古代近东研究最少的帝国之一。）可知，考古挖掘活动能帮助人们更好地了解Mittani帝国。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A terrace wall of mud bricks was later added to make the building stable.”（后来，为了使建筑更稳定，还增加了泥砖砌成的梯田墙。）可知，后来又用泥砖砌成梯田墙，使宫殿建得坚固。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““Discovering wall paintings in Kemune is an archeological sensation,” Puljiz said in a press release, “Kemune is only the second site in the region where wall paintings of the Mittani period have been discovered.””（普吉兹在一份新闻稿中说:“在木村发现壁画是一件考古学上的轰动事件。木村是该地区发现三谷时期壁画的第二处遗址。”）可知，壁画是一个重要的发现。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Archeologists first became aware of the site in 2010 when water levels in the reservoir were low, but this is the first time they have been able to dig. However, the site was submerged(淹没) shortly after the dig, Puljiz said, adding“It is unclear when it will come out of water again”.”（2010年，当水库水位较低时，考古学家首次发现了这个遗址，但这是他们第一次能够挖掘。 然而，挖掘后不久，该地点就被淹没了，普利兹补充说:“目前还不清楚它何时能再次浮出水面。”）可知，等待水位下降使考古学家的挖掘工作变得困难。故选C项。
D
Scientists in Michigan have developed a forest fire alarm system. It can not only detect when a fire begins but also call for help. This battery-free device hangs like an ornament(装饰品) in a tree and harvests all the energy it needs from the natural swinging of branches. Such a sensor could watch the woods for a decade without human attention.
“For forest fire monitoring, you don’t need high amounts of energy,” notes Cao Changyong, an engineer at Michigan State University who led the team behind the new device. It recharges itself about every 10 minutes with just enough power to take a measurement. That’s plenty of time, Cao says, “to generate sufficient energy.”
There’s an obvious need for fast monitoring of remote forests. Every year fires burn millions of acres in the United States. Early detection also can save lives right now. Forest fires are spotted from satellites or fire towers. Neither, Cao notes, is as fast or low-cost as tree-hanging sensors would be.
Cao’s group faced some challenges in creating its new sensors. For example, these have to produce enough power to survey the forest and send out a signal and that power source has to be durable. To tackle the problems, they decided to convert(转化) mechanical motion into electricity. The device to do this is known as a TENG, short for triboelectric nanogenerator. Scientists have explored TENGs as one way to harvest energy from the natural world, including harvesting energy from impacts on tabletops, falling rain, and even keyboards. The new TENG for forest use produces a current when a tree branch swings. That current is small, yet enough to power a thermometer(温度计) to detect the temperature changes signaling a fire.
Cao says his team’s new model has not yet been tested over long time periods in the real world, but the device is ready. All he needs now is the money to build more of them.
12. What is special about Cao’s sensor?
A. It is self-powered. B. It is shaped like a branch.
C. It can be used as a charger. D. It keeps power for about a day .
13. What advantage does Cao’s sensor have over satellites and fire towers?
A. It can work for a longer time. B. It can monitor remoter forests.
C. It can make quicker detection. D. It can be operated more easily.
14. What does the underlined part “do this” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Turn mechanical energy into electrical power. B. Send out a signal when a fire breaks out.
C. Detect temperature changes in forests. D. Collect electrical energy from nature.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Forest Fires Data Collected by Battery-Free Devices
B. Forest Fires Predicted by Tree-Hanging Sensors
C. A New Forest Fire Alarm System Arousing Forest Protection
D. A New Forest Fire Alarm System Powered by Trees
【12~15题答案】
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍Cao Changyong团队的自动充电森林火灾报警器的运作机制、优点以及推广应用测试需求。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“It recharges itself about every 10 minutes with just enough power to take a measurement.(它大约每10分钟自动充电一次，电量刚好够测量一次。)”可知，Cao的传感器特殊之处在于能自动充电。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Forest fires are spotted from satellites or fire towers. Neither, Cao notes, is as fast or low-cost as tree-hanging sensors would be.(通过卫星或烽火台可以发现森林火灾。曹指出，这两种传感器的速度和成本都不及悬挂在树上的传感器。)”可知，Cao的传感器与卫星和烽火台相比，优势是可以更快地监测到火灾。故选C项。
【14题详解】
指代猜测题。根据第四段“To deal with the problems, they decided to change mechanical motion into electricity. The device to do this is known as a TENG, short for triboelectric nanogenerator.(为了解决这些问题，他们决定把机械运动变成电。采用这种方法的装置被称为腾，是摩擦电纳米发电机的缩写。)”可知，为了解决动力源的问题，他们决定将机械能转化为电能，因此this指代的是上文的“将机械能转化为电能”。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Scientists in Michigan have developed a forest fire alarm system.(密歇根州的科学家开发了一种森林火灾警报系统。)”及“This battery-free device hangs like an ornament(装饰品) in a tree and harvests all the energy it needs from the natural swinging of branches.(这种无需电池的装置悬挂在树上，就像一个装饰品，通过树枝的自然摆动获取所需的能量。)”可知，文章主要介绍了Cao Changyong团队的自动充电森林火灾报警器，这种无需电池的装置悬挂在树上，通过树枝的自然摆动获取所需的能量。D项“一种新的由树木供电的森林火灾报警系统”适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People speak jokingly about being “addicted” to junk food, but that comparison might be more accurate than previously thought. Yes, we’re often powerless against the delights of impulse buys (冲动购物) at the checkout counter or the charms of the office selling machine. But we’re all perfectly reasonable people, right? ____16____
You’re a human being.
It’s inborn that people like junk food. We’re born with a liking for sweetness. ____17____ Junk foods have figured out how to give us more and more of exactly the tastes we’re born wanting.
You have taste buds (味蕾)
____18____ They are visible as small bumps on your tongue, the roof of your mouth and throat. Each of these bumps holds up to 700 taste buds, and each one of those has as many as 80 specialized taste-receptor cells. So here you are, with all this taste-sensing equipment and with a brain that’s designed to encourage you to eat the foods you need to thrive.
You are, literally, an “eating machine”
Your ancestors had probably lost at least a few of their teeth by the time they reached adulthood. ____19____ Not only are you probably more efficient at eating than they were, but food producers are smoothing the way down your gullet with foods that have what’s called “disappearing caloric density.”
____20____
Blame your mom and that attractive layer cake she baked every year on your birthday. Blame those junior high sleepovers when everyone bonded over pizza. Junk foods tend to be associated with some of the most relaxed and celebratory times of our lives. When we associate a food with something positive, we’re more likely to want to eat it.
A. Why is this happening to us?
B. You have happy childhood memories.
C. Sugar has been shown to activate our brains
D. In fact, you have as many as 10,000 of them.
E. Then by about age 6 months, we acquire a liking for salt.
F. You are too busy to bother with fresh food and its many needs.
G. However, you’ve got close to the full set of 32, brushed and shining teeth.
【16~20题答案】
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们对垃圾食品“上瘾”的原因。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Yes, we’re often powerless against the delights of impulse buys at the checkout counter or the charms of the office selling machine. But we’re all perfectly reasonable people, right?(是的，面对收银台冲动购物的喜悦，或办公室售货机的魅力，我们往往无能为力。但我们都是理性的人，对吧?)”以及下文介绍的是对垃圾食品“上瘾”的原因，可知，本句是为了引出下文：为什么我们会有这种冲动。A选项“Why is this happening to us?(为什么这种情况会发生在我们身上?）”符合题意，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据前文“We’re born with a liking for sweetness.(我们生来就喜欢甜。)”和后文“Junk foods have figured out how to give us more and more of exactly the tastes we’re born wanting.(垃圾食品已经找到了如何给我们提供越来越多我们生来就想要的味道。)”可知，本段介绍的是我们喜欢糖的原因。C选项“Sugar has been shown to activate our brains(糖已被证明能激活我们的大脑)”符合题意，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Each of these bumps holds up to 700 taste buds, and each one of those has as many as 80 specialized taste-receptor cells.(每一个突起都有多达700个味蕾，每一个都有多达80个特殊的味觉受体细胞。)”可知，这里介绍的是人的味蕾很多。D选项“In fact, you have as many as 10,000 of them.(事实上，你有多达10000个。)”符合题意，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Your ancestors had probably lost at least a few of their teeth by the time they reached adulthood.(你的祖先很可能在他们成年的时候至少掉了几颗牙齿。)”可知，本段介绍的与牙齿有关。G选项“However, you’ve got close to the full set of 32, brushed and shining teeth.(然而，你已经拥有了将近32颗完整的，刷过的和闪亮的牙齿。)”符合题意，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文“When we associate a food with something positive, we’re more likely to want to eat it.(当我们把一种食物和一些积极的东西联系起来时，我们更有可能想吃它。)”可知，本段介绍的是爱吃跟童年回忆有关。B选项“You have happy childhood memories.(你有快乐的童年回忆。)”符合题意，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a cold and rainy day in March. Across the room in the retail store where Mandy ____21____, sat Laura, a woman about Mandy’s age. Other workers did not ____22____ Laura; they thought of her as ____23____ and so did Mandy.
But sweeping the ____24____ from her eyes, Mandy made up her mind to say something kind to Laura. Finally, she managed, “Do you know, Laura, that I’ve worked in this room with you for several years? And ____25____ I glance up every time, I see your head silhouetted(使呈现轮廓) against the window there behind you. I think you have the prettiest profile and hair that I have ever ____26____ on anybody.” Her words were not false ____27____. She meant it.
Laura looked up and said, “That’s the first kind word anybody has ever ____28____ to me since I’ve worked here.” After that, they often talked to each other after work. Through their ____29____ Mandy realized that Laura’s coldness was not ____30____ arrogance, but to shyness. They soon became friends. Other colleagues soon began to ____31____ Laura in their activities, and she blossomed like a flower that, for the first time, had found sunlight. The right words made all the ____32____ when spoken in kindness.
Words carry the ____33____ to tear down or to build up. When they are both sincere and kind, they are instruments that ____34____ great power. Never ignore the potential and power of ____35____ .
21. A. wandered B. bargained C. worked D. ran
22. A. like B. remember C. please D. respect
23 A. dishonest B. foolish C. selfish D. arrogant
24. A. anger B. prejudice C. puzzlement D. disappointment
25. A. though B. unless C. when D. since
26. A. heard B. seen C. imagined D. drawn
27. A. praise B. advice C. information D. assumption
28. A. sent B. written C. said D. left
29. A. conversation B. appointment C. cooperation D. engagement
30. A. leading to B. equal to C. devoted to D. due to
31. A. involve B. praise C. challenge D. blame
32. A. progress B. difference C. impression D. fun
33. A. responsibility B. meaning C. weight D. potential
34. A. limit B. replace C. own D. consume
35. A. behavior B. words C. skills D. friendship
【21~35题答案】
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Mandy用友好态度的话语，改变了同事Laura的生活。最后告诉我们千万不要忽略语言的潜力和力量。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Mandy工作的零售商店的房间对面，坐着Laura，一个和Mandy年龄相仿的女人。A. wandered闲逛，游荡；B. bargained讨价还价，谈判；C. worked工作；D. ran跑。根据“Other workers did not __2___ Laura”及下文Mandy说的话“Do you know, Laura, that I’ve worked in this room with you for several years?(你知道吗，Laura，我和你在这间屋子里共事了好几年？)”可知，Mandy在这里工作。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他工人不喜欢Laura；他们认为她傲慢，Mandy也是。A. like喜欢；B. remember记得，想起，；C. please（使）开心，（使）满意；D. respect尊重。根据下文“Mandy realized that Laura’s coldness was not ____10____ arrogance, but to shyness.”可知，Laura很冷漠，所以此处是大家都不喜欢她。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他工人不喜欢Laura；他们认为她傲慢，Mandy也是。A. dishonest不诚实的；B. foolish愚蠢的；C. selfish自私的；D. arrogant傲慢的。根据下文“Mandy realized that Laura’s coldness was not ____10____ arrogance, but to shyness.”可知，大家认为Laura傲慢。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是Mandy扫除了来自她眼中的偏见，决心友好地跟Laura说话。A. anger生气，怒气；B. prejudice偏见；C. puzzlement困惑；D. disappointment失望。上文提到大家认为Laura傲慢，根据下文“Mandy made up her mind to say something kind to Laura.”可知，Mandy决心友好地跟Laura说话，因此她首先是扫除了她眼中的偏见。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当每次我抬头，就会瞥见你头的轮廓反射在你身后的窗户上。A. though尽管；B. unless除非；C. when当……时；D. since自从。结合句意可知，此处指“每次抬起头时”，用when引导时间状语从句。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为你拥有最美的侧脸和头发，这是我在其他人身上从未见到的。A. heard听见；B. seen看见；C. imagined想象；D. drawn画。根据上文“I see your head silhouetted(使呈现轮廓) against the window there behind you.”可知，Mandy说这是她见到的最美的侧脸和头发。这是在其他人身上从未见到的。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的话语不是虚假的表扬。A. praise表扬；B. advice建议；C. information信息；D. assumption假设。上文Mandy夸赞Laura拥有最美的侧脸和头发，根据下句“She meant it.”可知，她是认真的，不是虚假的表扬。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laura抬起头来说：“这是自从我在这工作以来，有人对我说过的第一句友好的话语。”A. sent邮寄，发送；B. written写；C. said说；D. left离开。根据上文“Mandy made up her mind to say something kind to Laura.”可知，这是有人对Laura说过的第一句友好的话语。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过交谈，Mandy认识到Laura的冷漠不是由于傲慢，而是出于害羞。A. conversation谈话，交谈；B. appointment约会，预约；C. cooperation合作；D. engagement订婚，约定。根据上文“After that, they often talked to each other after work.(从那之后，她们下班后经常交谈。)”可知，她们经常交谈，通过交谈，就会加深了解。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过交谈，Mandy认识到Laura的冷漠不是由于傲慢，而是出于害羞。A. leading to导致；B. equal to等于，胜任；C. devoted to致力于；D. due to由于。根据语境及“but to shyness”可知，Laura是因为害羞才看起来很冷漠，此处表示原因，故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他同事也开始让Laura参与到他们活动中，她像第一次发现了阳光的花朵一样绽放。A. involve（使）参加，涉及；B. praise表扬；C. challenge挑战；D. blame责怪。根据语境及下文“and she blossomed like a flower that, for the first time, had found sunlight.(她像第一次发现了阳光的花朵一样绽放)”可知，Laura融入了同事们，所以此处指一起参加各种活动。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：恰当的话语被用友好的态度讲出来，就会产生不同的效果。A. progress进步；B. difference不同；C. impression印象；D. fun乐趣。根据上文内容及“when spoken in kindness.”可知，Mand用友好的态度夸赞了Laura，使Laura发生了改变，所以此处指用友好的态度讲出恰当的话语，就会产生不同的效果。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：语言拥有诋毁或者建立信任的潜力。A. responsibility责任；B. meaning意思；C. weight重量；D. potential潜力。根据下文“Never ignore the potential and power of ____15____ .”可知，语言拥有无限的潜力和力量。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当语言真诚且友好的时候，它们就是拥有巨大力量的器械。A. limit限制；B. replace代替；C. own拥有；D. consume消费，消耗。根据上文“Words carry the ____13____ to tear down or to build up.”可知，此处指语言“拥有”极大的潜力。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：千万不要忽略语言的潜力和力量。A. behavior行为；B. words语言；C. skills技巧；D. friendship友谊。根据上文“Words carry the ____13____ to tear down or to build up.”可知，本段在谈话语的巨大力量。千万不要忽略语言的潜力和力量。故选B项。
第II卷 （满分55分）
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Malaindrano is a giant baobab (猴面包树) tree that is hollowed out (使成中空) for the storage of water, ____36____ (exist) in the village of Ampotaka in Madagascar. Malaindrano means “he who hates water”, ____37____ this baobab doesn’t hate water at all. It is so big that many people believe it has never been ____38____ (complete) filled. Even semi-full, the trees are vital for storing water in one of Madagascar’s driest regions. Also known ____39____ bottle trees because of their unique thick trunks, such baobab trees form a network of ____40____ (nature) water tanks. Using them has allowed people to live in a place where rain is rare, and where the little rain that falls ____41____ (absorb) quickly by the soil.
Lack of rain can lead to a lack of food. In the 1920s and 1930s, thousands of people ____42____ (die) because of extreme drought. This forced the locals to come up with an idea: hollowing out baobabs ____43____ (store) water when it is abundant. A large baobab has the ____44____ (able) to store about 14,000 litres of water. Today, some 20,000 people live in the region, many of ____45____ rely on the tree water for around a third of the year.
【36~45题答案】
【答案】36. existing
37. but 38. completely
39. as 40. natural
41. is absorbed
42. died 43. to store
44. ability
45. whom
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了非洲的猴面包树的储水功能，使当地人能应对干旱的气候。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Malaindrano是一棵巨大的猴面包树，它被挖空用于储水，存在于马达加斯加的Ampotaka村。设空处在限定性定语从句中，从句谓语为is hollowed out，设空处为非谓语动词，动词exist与逻辑主语a giant baobab tree为主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填existing。
【37题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：Malaindrano的意思是“讨厌水的人”，但这棵猴面包树一点也不讨厌水。此句有两个简单句，前后意思为转折关系，故填but。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：它是如此之大，以至于许多人认为它从来没有被完全填满。设空处在动词filled之前，修饰动词应用副词，complete的副词为completely。故填completely。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：这种猴面包树也因其独特的粗壮树干而被称为瓶树，它们形成了一个天然的水箱网络。短语be known as，意为“以……著称”，此处know作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，故直接以known as...呈现，故填as。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这种猴面包树也因其独特粗壮树干而被称为瓶树，它们形成了一个天然的水箱网络。设空处后为water tanks，需用形容词做前置定语；nature的形容词为natural。故填natural。
【41题详解】
考查语态和时态。句意：利用它们，人们可以生活在雨水稀少的地方，还有那种下的雨水少还很快被土壤吸收的地方。设空处在where引导的定语从句中，作谓语成分；陈述客观存在的状况，应用一般现在时态；absorb与逻辑主语rain之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态；主语为rain，be动词用is。故填 is absorbed。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：在20世纪20年代和30年代，成千上万的人死于极端干旱。根据句中时间状语In the 1920s and 1930s，句子应用一般过去时，die的过去式为died。故填died。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：这迫使当地人想出了一个主意：挖空猴面包树来储存水分。设空处为非谓语动词，表目的，应用动词不定式，故填to store。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：一棵大的猴面包树能够储存大约14000升水。the后接名词，able的名词形式为ability。短语have the ability to do sth，意为“有能力做某事”。故填ability。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：今天，大约有2万人生活在这个地区，其中许多人一年大约三分之一的时间都依赖于树的水。some 20,000 people为先行词，逗号后为非限定性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，为人，many of后接whom。故填whom。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，寒假期间你到外婆家探望，游览了附近的一个不知名的小古镇，古镇虽小却给你留下了深刻印象。这里山清水秀，风景优美，民风淳朴，你迫不及待想给同学们分享。请你就此写一篇题为My Winter Vacation的短文，记录下你的游览经历。
内容包括：
1古镇情况
2.游览经历
3.个人感受
注意：1.文章要求词数为80左右；
2.文章题目已为你写好。
My Winter Vacation
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【46题答案】
【答案】My Winter Vacation
Last winter vacation, I had a great time in my grandmother’s hometown, where I happened to visit an unknown but impressive old town.
Over the past years, this old town has not changed its name, even the way of native’s life, just like a living museum for an ancient civilization. I took a walk along the cobbled path, taking photos and just absorbed in this peaceful atmosphere.
After my coming back, I cannot help thinking about that everyone needs a shelter from noise and pressure like this old town for me, so I hope that economic development will be in harmony with the nature.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。要求考生写一篇短文记录自己在一个小镇的游览经历。
【详解】1.词汇积累
玩得开心：enjoy oneself→have a good time
压力：stress→pressure
碰巧做某事：do sth. by chance→happen to do sth.
宁静的：tranquil→peaceful
2.句型拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Over the past years, this old town has not changed its name, even the way of native’s life, just like a living museum for an ancient civilization.
拓展句：Over the past years, this old town has not changed its name, even the way of native’s life, which is like a living museum for an ancient civilization.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Last winter vacation, I had a great time in my grandmother’s hometown, where I happened to visit an unknown but impressive old town.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]I took a walk along the cobbled path, taking photos and just absorbed in this peaceful atmosphere.（运用了现在分词作状语）
第二节（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
WHAT KEPT THE NEW CHIMNEY (烟囱) WAITING
A new chimney was going to be built on Grandpa’s house, and the boys were in a state of great excitement. They were always excited when something was going on. “This would be splendid,” Wayne said.
“Mike is coming, you know, to mix the mud and carry it up the ladder to the builder. He will tell us stories in the mornings,” Wayne told Casper.
“Yes,” said Casper, “and, Wayne, let us go get his tools and play we are his helpers, carrying his tools for him. Come on.” “Come on!” shouted Wayne. “The tools are placed against the kitchen wall, where he left them when he brought the things over.” On the way to the kitchen, they saw Grandpa bringing old Molly, their finest horse, to the big, blue cart (马车). That meant a beautiful ride down to the farmland. The boys forgot all about playing tool carriers. They climbed in and rode away.
“Mike is coming tomorrow, you know, Grandpa, and the builder,” said Casper. But dear old Grandpa shook his white head.
“Not tomorrow, boys. You will have to wait a bit longer. I sent word to the builder and Mike last night that they couldn’t come for a few weeks longer. I have decided to put off building the chimney.”
Both the boys were disappointed
Grandpa did not speak again at once. He was driving old Molly carefully out at the side of the cart road. The boys saw a little crippled (跛脚的) butterfly in the wheel track trying hard to spread its wings. That was why Grandpa turned off (拐弯). Grandpa’s big heart had room enough in it for every live thing.
Back in the track again, further on, Grandpa said:“When we get home, boys, I will show you why we have to wait for the new chimney. You will agree with me, I know.” And Grandpa’s eyes shone.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“A little bird told me,” he said, and that was all the boys found out until they got home.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
And there, on a little nest of mud, lined with some dry grass, and resting on the bricks, sat a little bird!
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【47题答案】
【答案】“A little bird told me,” he said, and that was all the boys found out until they got home. “A little bird?”, the boys whispered. Full of wonder and thrill, they could not wait to urge their grandpa to go back home from the farmland. On the way back home, they drove the cart merrily, humming a tune and dancing with joy. No sooner had they arrived home than they desperately asked grandpa where the bird was. Under the instruction of grandpa, they fetched the ladder, through which they climbed up to reach the chimney.
And there, on a little nest of mud, lined with some dry grass, and resting on the bricks, sat a little bird. Seeing this little creature, they were rooted to the spot and could not even make a sound for fear of interrupting it. Unable to say a word, they knew why Grandpa delayed the construction of the new chimney. They were waiting for the precious new life. It dawned on them that a moment of kindness could mean so much to another, even just little birds, and that a simple act could make the world so much better.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇读后续写。文章以事情的发展为线索，讲述了爷爷家准备修烟囱，韦恩和卡斯珀都很兴奋，因为建筑工迈克会给他们讲故事。但在坐马车去田野的路上，爷爷告诉他们要推迟修建烟囱。
【详解】1.段落续写
①根据第一段首句内容“一只小鸟告诉我的，他说，男孩们回家前就只知道这么多。”可知，下文可描写男孩们对这只告诉爷爷要推迟修建烟囱的小鸟感兴趣，因此央求着快点回去。
②根据第二段首句内容“在那里，有一个小小的泥窝，衬着一些干草，在砖头上栖息着一只小鸟。”可知，下文可描写男孩们看到了在爷爷家筑巢的小鸟，明白了爷爷推迟修建烟囱是为了让小鸟哺育幼鸟。
2.续写线索：爷爷说小鸟告诉他推迟建烟囱——男孩们央求快点回家——爷爷带男孩们去看小鸟——看到鸟窝和幼鸟——明白推迟的原因——感悟
3.词类激活
行为类
①返回：go back/return
②到家：arrive home/get home
③看见：see/spot/witness
情绪类
①兴奋：excitement/thrill
②高兴地：merrily/happily
③迫切地：desperately/eagerly
【点睛】[高分句型1]No sooner had they arrived home than they desperately asked grandpa where the bird was. （运用了部分倒装）
[高分句型2]Seeing this little creature, they were rooted to the spot and could not even make a sound for fear of interrupting it.（运用了现在分词作状语）
听力答案：1-5 BBCCA 6-10 ABCBC 11-15 ABAAB 16-20 CCBCA