精品解析：湖南省岳阳市平江县2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：湖南省岳阳市平江县2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了 5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
平江县2023年上学期教学质量监测
高一英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How did the man become so skilled at playing pool?
A. By playing much during university.
B. By practicing with a good player.
C. By learning as a child.
2. What does the woman mean?
A. Her charger will not work with the man’s phone
B Her phone has run out of power too
C. She forgot to bring her charger.
3. What will the woman probably do this weekend?
A. Meet a friend. B. Paint the kitchen. C. Move to a farmhouse.
4. How will the woman listen to Ed Sheeran’s new song?
A. By buying an album. B. By going to a concert. C. By searching for it on the Internet.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a clock shop. B. In an office. C. In a museum.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What’s the boy’s problem?
A. How to control his anger. B. How to get good grades. C. How to get to school on time.
7. What will the woman do?
A. Raise her voice in class.
B. Speak with the boy’s teachers.
C. Help the boy with his schoolwork.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is good about the woman’s old phone?
A. The sound. B. The camera. C. The Internet speed.
9. What is the color of the woman’s new phone?
A. Black B. Silver. C. Pink.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Former colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Manager and employee.
11. How often does the woman meet Kelly?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Once a month.
12. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Traffic B. Work. C. Weekend plans.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When will the man meet Tracy?
A. At 6: 30 p. m. B. At 7: 00 p. m. C. At 7: 30 p. m.
14. Which movie will the woman watch?
A. Psycho. B. Citizen Kane. C. Pride and Prejudice.
15. What does the woman want to do tomorrow?
A. Go to a park. B. Go swimming. C. Go to a studio.
16. When will the man call the woman?
A. Tonight. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why is the flight delayed?
A. The weather is bad. B. The plane ran out of fuel. C. The ground staff had an accident.
18. Where should the passengers stay?
A. Beside the front desk. B. On the airplane. C. At gate C.
19. What is offered free of charge?
A. Magazines. B. Newspapers. C. Food and drinks.
20. How does the speaker sound?
A. Apologetic. B. Carefree. C. Nervous.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分37. 5分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Enriching lives through workshops
Throwing to the next level
March 24-27, 2023
Artist: Bill Capshaw
This workshop will focus on making pleasing containers. In creating their containers students will encounter throwing exercises, problem-solving, and attention to detail. Class discussions include how to make use of clay and how throwing specifically for a particular process will enhance your work and attitude.
Course fee: $460
Sculpting the self
April 24-27, 2023
Artist: Jamie Bates Slone
During this workshop students will learn to look at the human figure objectively by breaking it down into its parts. Students will begin by sculpting the eyes, nose, mouth, and ears. This exercise will lead to creating a human figure out of clay. Discussions will include underlying bone structure and clay and surface decoration techniques.
Course fee: $690
Traditional Cherokee woodcarving
May 22-27, 2023 Artist: Bud Smith
In this workshop students will learn the unique characteristics of the Cherokee style of woodcarving. Lessons will include an introduction to Cherokee woodcarvers throughout history and contemporary artists and their contributions to the art form. Participants will leave with a knowledge of the development of Cherokee woodcarving from the practical needs of the past to a modern-day art form.
Course fee: $560
Capturing the moment
June 26-July 8, 2023
Artist: Sisavanh Phouthavong Houghton
This workshop is for students to explore and experiment with watercolor through various methods, personal expression, and concepts. The class includes an introduction to various materials and techniques as well as discovering the importance of elemental and design principles.
Course fee: $1, 210
1. What do the first two workshops have in common?
A. Both of them include throwing exercises
B. Both of them are related to human figures.
C. Both of them allow students to use clay.
D. Both of them offer courses between March and April.
2. Who will teach students the history of a carving technique?
A. Bud Smith. B. Bill Capshaw.
C. Jamie Bates Slone. D. Sisavanh Phouthavong Houghton.
3. How much should you pay for the course focusing on watercolor?
A. $ 460. B. $ 560. C. $ 690. D. $ 1,210.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章给学生介绍了丰富生活的四个工作室。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Throwing to the next level 部分的“Class discussions include how to make use of clay and how throwing specifically for a particular process will enhance your work and attitude.(课堂讨论包括如何使用粘土，以及如何专门为特定的过程投掷，以提高你的工作和态度。)”和Sculpting the self部分的“This exercise will lead to creating a human figure out of clay.( 这个练习将引导你用粘土创造一个人物。)”可知， 这两个工作室的共同之处是都允许学生使用粘土。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Traditional Cherokee woodcarving May 22-27, 2023 Artist: Bud Smith部分的“In this workshop students will learn the unique characteristics of the Cherokee style of woodcarving. Lessons will include an introduction to Cherokee woodcarvers throughout history and contemporary artists and their contributions to the art form. ( 在这个工作坊中，学生将学习到切罗基木雕的独特特点。课程将包括介绍历史上的切罗基木雕师和当代艺术家以及他们对艺术形式的贡献。)”可知，Bud Smith将教给学生木雕技术的历史。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Capturing the moment部分的“This workshop is for students to explore and experiment with watercolor through various methods, personal expression, and concepts.( 这个工作坊是为了让学生通过各种方法，个人表达和概念来探索和实验水彩。)”以及“Course fee: $1, 210”可知，你要为水彩课程支付1210美元的费用。故选D。
B
Sasha Masakowski remembers being six years old, seated at the piano next to her father — the well-known jazz guitarist, Steve Masakowski.
“He’d play harmonies in the background on the guitar, and he’d encourage me to improvise (即兴演奏),” Sasha recalls. “He’d tell me to play something using just the white keys or just the black keys, and I’d make up music.” She says she was a little composer playing along with her dad in their New Orleans home. “I love those memories,” she adds.
As Sasha got older, though, her interest in jazz began to flag. Sasha went to a local arts high school and focused on musical theater. Steve admits to hoping his daughter would develop a love for jazz.
The father’s expectation was eventually met when the daughter rediscovered jazz music. Sasha says she admired a guy in the jazz department until the day they met. The first thing he said was, “I’m such a big fan of your dad’s!” She says the experience helped her realize that her father and his music were, in fact, cool. Finally, Sasha decided to study jazz instead of musical theater at the University of New Orleans, where her father headed the Jazz Studies Program.
Now, Sasha and Steve love playing together and they treasure the common language jazz gives them. Both compose music, but while her father is more focused on traditional jazz and teaching, Sasha likes to produce music with more electronic trends than Steve’s. Despite different interests, Steve’s pride in his daughter is clear. Today, Sasha is known for her musicality and her ability to improvise. “Improvising scares a lot of singers, but for me I feel like a little composer again at the piano next to my dad. I love it in large part because of him,” Sasha says.
4. What do we know about young Sasha?
A. She was well-known as a jazz guitarist.
B. She learned to compose with her father’s encouragement.
C. She was good at improvising on a piano.
D. She performed with her father worldwide.
5. What does paragraph 4 stress about Sasha?
A. Her preparation for a university.
B. Her admiration for a jazz student.
C. Her going back to jazz and her father.
D. Her studying at a local arts high school.
6. What makes Sasha different from her father?
A. The style of her music.
B. Her preference for the piano.
C. Her opinion about improvising.
D. The teaching method she sticks to.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Love of music leads to a career of uncertainty.
B. Jazz deepens the bond between father and daughter.
C. A daughter follows in her father’s footsteps faithfully.
D. A large musical household brings joy to millions of people.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了爵士乐成为一位父亲与其女儿情感纽带的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He’d play harmonies in the background on the guitar, and he’d encourage me to improvise (即兴演奏)(他会用吉他演奏和声，并鼓励我即兴演奏)”和“I’d make up music(我就编音乐)”以及 “She says she was a little composer playing along with her dad(她说她是一个小作曲家，和她爸爸一起演奏)”可知，Sasha小时候跟着父亲学习作曲。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据本段首句“The father’s expectation was eventually met when the daughter rediscovered jazz music.(当女儿重新发现爵士乐时，父亲的期望终于实现了)”和尾句“Finally, Sasha decided to study jazz instead of musical theater at the University of New Orleans, where her father headed the Jazz Studies Program.(最后，Sasha决定在新奥尔良大学学习爵士乐，而不是音乐剧，她父亲在那里负责爵士乐研究项目)”可知，本段主要讲述了Sasha回归爵士乐、重回父亲身边的经历。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“while her father is more focused on traditional jazz and teaching, Sasha likes to produce music with more electronic trends than Steve’s(她的父亲更专注于传统爵士乐和教学，而Sasha喜欢制作比Steve更有电子趋势的音乐)”可知，Sasha的音乐风格与父亲的有所不同。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。总览全文可知，作者首先为读者呈现了一幅父亲陪伴女儿学琴的画面，接下来讲述了女儿在父亲的影响下学习爵士乐的经历，最后又将画面拉回到当下：女儿学有所成并且喜欢和父亲一 起演奏，爵士乐成为了父女俩的共同语言，所以 B 项“爵士乐加深了父女之间的感情”作为文章标题最贴切。故选B。
C
Although baby dolls are usually targeted at children, the toys have been inspiring the imaginations of an older age group as well. One assisted living home company has brought dolls which sound like and look like tiny humans to live with the elderly people with Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症) as a way to help improve their health.
The dolls bring joy to the patients’ days and help them remember what it means to look after and care for someone. One unexpected effect of the toys is that many patients have even been able to abate their anxiety medication as they focus on looking after the dolls.
During Cuddle (拥抱) Therapy, they cuddle, hold, rock, and tend to them, looking after the dolls as they were babies. While it has been shown that caring for the dolls greatly alleviates (减轻) the senior citizen’s sadness and anxiety, it also allows them to express love and recreate a sense of connection to their environment and the world.
Although Cuddle Therapy isn’t the most high-tech solution, patients have a strong emotional response and show signs of improvement when it comes to their mental health. Executive Director at Poet’s Walk Warrenton, Terra Brown said, “Among the various forms of recreation therapy that our caregivers provide, we have found Cuddle Therapy is one of the simplest and most effective. It is also one of the most successful as it gives our residents a sense of purpose that they long for.” The therapy is offered in four U. S. states. April Hannewald’s mother is a patient at Poet’s Walk Memory Care Community in Nevada, and because of Cuddle Therapy, she’s become re-energized and feels a greater sense of purpose. “My mother is not very verbal any more, but when I’m pushing her around in a wheelchair, she immediately starts talking in full sentences when we pass the baby dolls,” saying things like these, “Oh look! What are the babies doing?” Hannewald said.
8. What is the feature of the dolls brought by that assisted living home company?
A. They can take any shape. B. They can do various things.
C. They can make sounds of various animals. D. They’re like real human babies in appearance.
9. What does the underlined word “abate” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Reduce. B. Double. C. Repeat. D. Check.
10. During Cuddle Therapy, what can dolls do?
A. They can remind the elderly patients of their childhood.
B. They can take care of the elderly patients when necessary.
C. They can help improve the elderly patients’ mental condition.
D. They can replace the elderly patients’ family and stay with them.
11. Why is April Hannewald’s mother mentioned?
A. To explain how to use the dolls. B. To show the dolls are very popular.
C. To show the dolls are really helpful. D. To explain why people buy the dolls.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了通过照顾外观似婴儿的洋娃娃的拥抱疗法，极大地减少了老年人的悲伤和焦虑，也让他们能够表达爱，重建与环境和世界的联系。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“One assisted living home company has brought dolls which sound like and look like tiny humans to live with the elderly people with Alzheimer’s(老年痴呆症)as a way to help improve their health.(一家居家辅助服务公司推出了声音和外形都像小人的玩偶，让它们和老年痴呆症患者住在一起，帮助他们改善健康状况。)”和第三段“During Cuddle (拥抱) Therapy, they cuddle, hold, rock, and tend to the dolls, looking after the dolls as if they were babies.(在“拥抱疗法”中，他们拥抱、抱着、摇着、照顾这些娃娃，把它们当婴儿一样照顾。)”可知，这家公司所提供的玩具娃娃外观像真人婴儿，故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段划线句“One unexpected effect of the toys is that many patients have even been able to abate their anxiety medication, as they focus on looking after the dolls.(玩具的一个意想不到的影响是，许多患者甚至能够abate他们的焦虑药物，因为他们专注于照顾娃娃。)”以及第三段的“While it has been shown that caring for the dolls greatly alleviates(减轻) the senior citizen’s sadness and anxiety, it also allows them to express love and recreate a sense of connection to their environment and the world.(虽然有研究表明，照顾洋娃娃大大减轻了老年人的悲伤和焦虑，但它也让他们表达爱，并重新建立一种与环境和世界的联系感。)”可知，在照顾婴儿娃娃的时候，老人的悲伤和焦虑情绪有所缓解。可推知，abate和alleviates意思相近，表示“减轻”，与reduce“减轻”意思一样，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“One assisted living home company has allowed dolls which sound like and look like tiny humans to live with the elderly people with Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症) as a way to help improve their health.(一家居家辅助服务公司推出了声音和外形都像小人的玩偶，让它们和老年痴呆症患者住在一起，帮助他们改善健康状况。)”和第三段的“While it has been shown that caring for the dolls greatly alleviates (减轻) the senior citizens' sadness and anxiety, it also allows them to express love and recreate a sense of connection to their environment and the world.(虽然有研究表明，照顾洋娃娃大大减轻了老年人的悲伤和焦虑，但它也让他们表达爱，并重新建立一种与环境和世界的联系感。)”可知，通过拥抱这些玩具娃娃可以改善年长病患的精神状况，故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“April Hannewald's mother is a patient at Poet's Walk Memory Care Community in Nevada, and because of Cuddle Therapy, she's become re-energized and feels a greater sense of purpose. (阿普丽尔·汉内瓦尔德的母亲是内华达州诗人步行记忆护理社区的病人，由于拥抱治疗，她变得重新充满活力，感觉有了更大的使命感。)”并结合文章的内容可知，作者提到April Hannewald的母亲是为了说明这一疗法的有效性，故选C。
D
Schools in the US and elsewhere are announcing bans on the recently released AI — powered ChatGPT out of fear that students could use the technology to complete their assignments. However, bans may be practically impossible given how difficult it is to detect when text is composed by ChatGPT. Is it instead time to rethink how students are taught and evaluated?
Educators are starting to question what it means to assess student learning if an AI can write an essay or paper similar to, or even better than, a student would — and the teacher can’t tell the difference. Many teachers believe the time-honored learning tradition will be destroyed from the ground up by Chat GPT. The Los Angeles Unified School District in California first blocked the use of ChatGPT on networks and devices in December 2022.
However, removing technology from the classroom can mean undesirable consequences, such as creating more obstacles for students with disabilities, says Trust. Additionally, restricting the use of ChatGPT on school networks and devices can’t stop students from using ChatGPT at home and in libraries.
It is also unclear if anti-cheating software can reliably detect AI-assisted writing. OpenAI is working to develop a digital watermark that can help teachers and academics spot students who are using ChatGPT to write essays. Open AI’s attempts to watermark AI text, however, hit limits.
Instead of worrying about how ChatGPT could enable cheating, educators should ask what motivates students to cheat in the first place and work on developing relationships of trust, says Jesse Stommel at the University of Denver in Colorado.
“Talk to students really frankly about what ChatGPT’s capable of, what it’s not,” says Stommel. “Have students use it to write an essay about Jane Austen and gender dynamics, and then have them read that essay and peer review it and think about what ChatGPT gets right and wrong.”
12. What does the author suggest schools do?
A. Adjust teaching and assessment.
B. Meet different demands from students.
C. Prohibit the use of ChatGPT in classrooms.
D. Break with the traditional teaching method.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Dark future of ChatGPT. B. Educators’ worrying concern.
C. Crisis of traditional learning. D. Difficulty in telling AI’s writing.
14. What is the author’s attitude toward OpenAI’s watermark technology?
A. Amused. B. Hopeful. C. Shocked. D. Doubtful.
15. What can be inferred from Jesse Stommel?
A. AI helps students tell right and wrong.
B. Students should write about famous writers.
C. Educators should guide students to use AI properly.
D. The trust between teachers and students is hard to form.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了当前美国很多学校宣布禁止最近发布的人工智能驱动的ChatGPT的原因以及人们对这一问题引发的讨论。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“However, bans may be practically impossible given how difficult it is to detect when text is composed by ChatGPT. Is it instead time to rethink how students are taught and evaluated?(但是，鉴于检测文本何时由 ChatGPT 组成是多么困难，因此实际上不可能禁止。现在是时候重新思考如何教授和评估学生了吗？)”可知，作者认为推行禁令实际上不太可能，所以用问句的形式提议，到了该重新调整教学和评估的时候了。故选A项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Educators are starting to question what it means to assess student learning if an AI can write an essay or paper similar to, or even better than, a student would — and the teacher can’t tell the difference. Many teachers believe the time-honored learning tradition will be destroyed from the ground up by Chat GPT.(教育工作者开始质疑，如果人工智能可以写出与学生相似甚至更好的论文或论文，那么评估学生的学习意味着什么——而老师无法分辨出其中的区别。许多教师认为，历史悠久的的学习传统将被聊天GPT从头开始摧毁。)”可知，教育者开始质疑，如果老师分不清是AI还是学生写的作文时，评估学生学习情况的意义，且ChatGPT也完全摧毁这种历史悠久的学习传统，由此可知，该段主要讲的是教育者的担忧。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“OpenAI is working to develop a digital watermark that can help teachers and academics spot students who are using ChatGPT to write essays. OpenAI’s attempts to watermark AI text, however, hit limits.(OpenAI正在努力开发一种数字水印，可以帮助教师和学者发现使用ChatGPT撰写论文的学生。然而，OpenAI为AI文本加水印的尝试达到了极限。)”可知，OpenAI正致力于开发一种数字水印，帮助教师和学者发现使用ChatGPT写论文的学生，但作者认为水印处理技术的尝试有限，由此可推断，作者对OpenAI的水印技术持怀疑态度。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段中的““Talk to students really frankly about what ChatGPT’s capable of, what it’s not,” says Stommel. “Have students use it to write an essay about Jane Austen and gender dynamics, and then have them read that essay and peer review it and think about what ChatGPT gets right and wrong.”(斯托梅尔说：“坦率地和学生们谈谈ChatGPT能做什么，不能做什么。”“让学生用它来写一篇关于简·奥斯汀和性别动态的文章，然后让他们阅读这篇文章，并进行同行评审，思考ChatGPT在哪些方面是对的，哪些是错的。”)”可知，Stommel建议教育者与学生开诚布公的谈谈ChatGPT，然后让他们使用ChatGPT写一篇文章，然后对ChatGPT的文章进行评论，由此可推断Stommel建议教育者正确引导学生使用ChatGPT。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Simple ways to reduce your everyday waste
We all want to reduce our personal footprints, and a big part of this is reducing the amount of waste we produce at home. Here, we bring you four strategies for reducing waste in commonly wasteful areas of your life. ___16___
Is it repairable?
A high repairability score means significantly less waste. Whether a household item is fixable often translates to whether it ends up in a garbage can. ___17___ That’s why France now requires electronic products, such as smartphones and laptops, to have a label indicating a repairability score. Globally, the right-to-repair movement has been increasingly gaining in popularity, as more people want to be able to service their own products, instead of always having to buy new ones.
___18___
After noticing that good dining hall food was ending up in garbage cans every day, a group of students at the University of Maryland, College Park, created the Food Recovery Network, a nationwide student movement collecting surplus (剩余的) cafeteria food and donating it to hunger-fighting nonprofits. You can learn more about their work and join the movement at foodrecoverynet work org.
Fluff (绒毛) flies again.
Have a down comforter (羽绒被) or a down coat that’s reached the end of its life? ___19___ In recent years, an increasing number of companies have started gathering feathers for new products from reclaimed bedding and clothes
Put your leaves to good use
___20___ When left on the ground, the leaves of a tree serve as shelter and food for beneficial insects and other wildlife, contributing to a balanced ecosystem. Fallen leaves also make for great fertilizer (肥料); cut them into pieces and add them to the compost (堆肥) container to feed your garden later.
A Recycle extra food.
B. Buy food wisely.
C. Fixing your stuff is a great way to reduce e-waste.
D. There are plenty of benefits to making use of fallen leaves.
E. Find out whether local businesses are collecting them for recycling.
F. They include electronics, food, bedding and clothes, and the garden.
G. Wet leaves, which tend to burn slowly, give off more smoke than dry leaves do
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了减少日常浪费的简单方法。
【16题详解】
上文“We all want to reduce our personal footprints, and a big part of this is reducing the amount of waste we produce at home. Here, we bring you four strategies for reducing waste in commonly wasteful areas of your life.(我们都想减少我们的个人足迹，其中很大一部分是减少我们在家里产生的废物量。在这里，我们为你带来四个减少生活中常见废物领域浪费的策略)”提到了减少生活中常见废物浪费领域的废物的策略，F项“它们包括电子产品、食品、床上用品和衣服，以及花园。”符合语境，具体解释了这四个领域。故选F。
【17题详解】
前文“A high repairability score means significantly less waste. Whether a household item is fixable often translates to whether it ends up in a garbage can.(高可修复性评分意味着更少的浪费。一件家居用品是否可以修复，往往意味着它最终会不会被扔进垃圾桶)”指出有些东西可以修复，这样就不用扔掉，减少浪费，下文“That’s why France now requires electronic products, such as smartphones and laptops, to have a label indicating a repairability score.(这就是为什么法国现在要求智能手机和笔记本电脑等电子产品必须贴上可修复性分数的标签)”表明空处介绍了一个原因，一个要求在电子产品上贴上可修复性得分的标签的理由，结合上文可以修复就可以减少浪费可推断，C项“修复你的东西是减少电子垃圾的好方法。”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。
【18题详解】
空处是段落小标题。根据下文“After noticing that good dining hall food was ending up in garbage cans every day, a group of students at the University of Maryland, College Park, created the Food Recovery Network, a nationwide student movement collecting surplus (剩余的) cafeteria food and donating it to hunger-fighting nonprofits. You can learn more about their work and join the movement at foodrecoverynet work org.(马里兰大学帕克分校的一群学生注意到，每天好的食堂食物被扔进了垃圾桶，于是他们创建了“食物回收网络”，这是一个全国性的学生运动，收集食堂剩余的食物，并将其捐赠给抗击饥饿的非营利组织。你可以在fooddrecoverynet work org.网站上了解更多关于他们的工作，并加入这项运动)”可知，本段讲述回收多余的食物，减少浪费。A项“回收多余的食物。”符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
下文“In recent years, an increasing number of companies have started gathering feathers for new products from reclaimed bedding and clothes.(近年来，越来越多的公司开始从回收的床上用品和衣服中收集羽毛来制作新产品)”讲述了衣物回收，E项中的“collecting”呼应下文的“gathering”，E项“了解当地企业是否在收集它们进行回收利用。”符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据段落标题“Put your leaves to good use.( 好好利用你的树叶)”可知，本段讲述树叶回收，D项“fallen leaves”与主题相符，下文“When left on the ground, the leaves of a tree serve as shelter and food for beneficial insects and other wildlife, contributing to a balanced ecosystem. Fallen leaves also make for great fertilizer (肥料); cut them into pieces and add them to the compost (堆肥) container to feed your garden later.( 当树叶留在地面上时，它们为益虫和其他野生动物提供了庇护所和食物，有助于维持生态系统的平衡。落叶也是很好的肥料；把它们切成小块，放入堆肥容器中，以后可以用来喂养花园)”讲述了落叶的益处。D项“利用落叶有很多好处。”符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It won’t take you long to find out that Filiplnos (菲律宾人) are big fans of bananas. But what you might be ___21___ to learn is that we don’t just use bananas themselves. In fact, banana leaves are the main part of everyday life and have many different ___22___ . From wrapping food and ___23___ table covers to treating wounds-these leaves have endless ___24___ . At a young age, I ___25___ my family using them for all of these purposes and more, my favorite of which is kamayan.
Kamayan, which literally ___26___ “by hand,” is a practice in which you ___27___ around a large table covered with banana leaves and eat without plates and tools. The food is the main event, but the banana leaves ___28___ in a humble way — providing a subtle (淡淡的) and sweet ___29___ to the food placed on them. Getting everything ready is a very ___30___ experience: Every member of my family of 14 works intently to ___31___ ingredients (材料) into a rich harmony of colors and flavors — all seasoned (调味) with love and laughter.
When I think about these priceless moments, I am ___32___ that I’ve learned the importance of feeling ___33___ to nature. It is powerful to see how we can ___34___ single-use plastics by using this centuries-old innovative ___35___ . Thus we need everyone involved to create a world without plastic pollution and fight for the preservation of Earth for generation to come.
21. A. surprised B. embarrassed C. confused D. amused
22. A. sizes B. shapes C. uses D. colors
23. A. creating B. cleaning C. fastening D. drying
24. A. resources B. possibilities C. abilities D. opportunities
25. A. heard B. preserved C. minded D. witnessed
26. A. begins B. proves C. develops D. means
27. A. walk B. share C. gather D. register
28. A. fall B. form C. work D. vary
29. A. flavor B. touch C. moment D. message
30. A. new-found B. hands-on C. hair-raising D. energy-efficient
31. A. admit B. turn C. translate D. compare
32. A. regretful B. fearful C. thoughtful D. grateful
33. A. connected B. similar C. suitable D. essential
34. A. consider B. avoid C. delay D. understand
35. A. role B. food C. game D. practice
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了菲律宾人用香蕉叶拿来当做桌布，来避免使用一次性塑料的做法。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但你可能会惊讶地发现，我们不仅仅使用香蕉本身。A. surprised惊讶的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. confused困惑的；D. amused有趣的。根据后文“banana leaves are the main part of everyday life”可知，他们还利用香蕉叶，所以是惊讶地发现。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，香蕉叶是日常生活的主要部分，有许多不同的用途。A. sizes尺寸；B. shapes形状；C. uses使用；D. colors颜色。根据后文“table covers to treating wounds”指香蕉叶是日常生活的主要部分，有许多不同的用途。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从包装食物、制作桌布到治疗伤口，这些叶子有无限的可能性。A. creating创造；B. cleaning清理；C. fastening固定；D. drying变干。根据后文“table covers”指用香蕉叶制作桌布。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从包装食物、制作桌布到治疗伤口，这些叶子有无限的可能性。A. resources资源；B. possibilities可能性；C. abilities能力；D. opportunities机会。根据上文“table covers to treating wounds — these leaves have endless”列举的可以包装食物、制作桌布到治疗伤口，这些叶子有无限的可能性。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我很小的时候，我目睹了我的家人把它们用于所有这些目的，甚至更多，我最喜欢的是kamayan。A. heard听见；B. preserved保存；C. minded介意；D. witnessed目击。根据后文“my family using them for all of these purposes and more”指作者小时候目睹了家人是如何使用香蕉叶子的。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kamayan，字面意思是“用手”，是一种练习，你围坐在一张铺着香蕉叶的大桌子周围，不用盘子和工具就可以吃东西。A. begins开始；B. proves证明；C. develops发展；D. means意味着。根据后文“by hand”是Kamayan的意思，mean表示“表示……的意思”符合语境。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kamayan，字面意思是“用手”，是一种练习，你围坐在一张铺着香蕉叶的大桌子周围，不用盘子和工具就可以吃东西。A. walk散步；B. share分享；C. gather聚集；D. register注册。根据后文“around a large table covered with banana leaves and eat without plates and tools”指大家围坐在桌子旁边。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：食物是最重要的，但香蕉叶的作用很不起眼——为放在上面的食物提供一种微妙而甜美的味道。A. fall落下；B. form形成；C. work起作用；D. vary变化。根据后文“in a humble way —providing a subtle and sweet”指香蕉叶发挥作用的方式就是提供甜味。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：食物是最重要的，但香蕉叶的作用很不起眼——为放在上面的食物提供一种微妙而甜美的味道。A. flavor味道；B. touch触感；C. moment时刻；D. message信息。根据上文sweet以及后文“to the food placed on them”指香蕉叶为食物提供甜味。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：准备一切都是一种非常亲力亲为的体验：我的14口之家的每个成员都专心致志地把食材变成色彩和风味的丰富和谐——所有的一切都充满了爱和笑声。A. new-found新找到的；B. hands-on动手的；C. hair-raising令人恐惧的；D. energy-efficient节能的。根据后文“Every member of my family of 14 works”可知，食物是全家人一起制作的，即是一种非常亲力亲为的体验。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：准备一切都是一种非常亲力亲为的体验：我的14口之家的每个成员都专心致志地把食材变成色彩和风味的丰富和谐——所有的一切都充满了爱和笑声。A. admit承认；B. turn转弯；C. translate翻译；D. compare比较。根据后文“ingredients into a rich harmony of colors and flavors”指把食材变成食物，应用turn sth. into。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我想到这些无价的时刻，我很感激我学会了与自然联系的重要性。A. regretful后悔的；B. fearful恐惧的；C. thoughtful体贴的；D. grateful感激的。根据后文“I’ve learned the importance of feeling”可知，作者对了解与自然的联系心存感激。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我想到这些无价的时刻，我很感激我学会了与自然联系的重要性。A. connected连接的；B. similar相似的；C. suitable合适的；D. essential重要的。根据后文“to nature”可知，作者通过用香蕉叶制作食物体会到了与自然联系的重要性。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到我们如何通过使用这种有几个世纪历史的创新做法来避免使用一次性塑料，这是很有力的。A. consider考虑；B. avoid避免；C. delay延期；D. understand理解。根据后文“single-use plastics”可知，使用香蕉叶可以避免使用一次性塑料。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我们如何通过使用这种有几个世纪历史的创新做法来避免使用一次性塑料，这是很有力的。A. role角色；B. food食物；C. game游戏；D. practice练习，做法。根据上文“by using this centuries-old innovative”此处指利用香蕉叶作桌布这种有几个世纪历史的创新做法。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内词的正确形式。
The Amazon rainforest lies on the South American continent, ___36___ (cross)eight countries. It is the largest rainforest in the world ___37___ an area of about 6 million square kilometres. There are more than 40, 000 species of ___38___ (plant), 1, 300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals in it. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable ___39___ (various) of wildlife. The jaguar is one of the typical animals in the forest ___40___ feed on other animals.
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon ___41___ producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen, so it ___42___ (know) as the “lungs of the planet”. Besides, it is ___43___ treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.
___44___ (Gradual), due to human activities, a lot of rainforest has disappeared and many species are in danger of extinction. Therefore, it is time for us ____45____ (take)measures to protect it.
【答案】36. crossing
37. with 38. plants
39. variety
40. that##which
41. and 42. is known
43. a 44. Gradually
45. to take
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了亚马孙雨林的地理位置、包含物种及地位作用。
36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：亚马逊雨林是世界上最大的雨林，横跨8个国家。分析句子可知，cross用非谓语动词形式作状语，与主语The Amazon rainforest是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填crossing。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：它是世界上最大的雨林，占地面积约为600万平方公里。此处为介词短语with an area of“面积为”，根据句意，故填with。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：这里有4万多种植物，1300多种鸟类和400多种哺乳动物。Plant可数名词，由more than 40,000 species of修饰用复数，故填plants。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：森林的不同层次使种类多到难以置信的野生动植物得以生存。形容词修饰名词，由不定冠词修饰用单数，故填variety。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：美洲豹是森林里以其他动物为食最典型的动物之一。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰animals，从句中作主语，指物，故填which/that。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：亚马逊雨林通过固定碳向地球注入生命，并产生超过20%的地球氧气，因此被称为“地球之肺”。分析句子可知，fixing与producing是并列关系，故填and。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意同上。It指代上文提的The Amazon rainforest，与know是被动关系，be known as“以……著称”，描述事实用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填is known。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：此外，它是一个物种宝库，可用于食物或药物。house是可数名词，根据句意，此处表示泛指，且treasure是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：逐渐地，由于人类活动，许多热带雨林已经消失，许多物种面临灭绝的危险。修饰整个句子用副词做庄园，首字母大写。故填Gradually。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：到了我们采取措施保护它的时候了。It is time for sb. to do sth.“到了某人做某事的时候了”是固定句型，故填to take 。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack想学习汉语，你推荐他去孔子学院，请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐理由；
2. 相关课程，如中国历史，传统文化等.
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.
参考词汇：孔子学院Confucius Institute
Dear Jack，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack，
I'm more than pleased to know that you are eager to learn Chinese. Confucius Institute may be a good choice， which is intended for the Chinese learners who are not native.
Confucius Institute provides various interesting subjects. You will lean Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese writing. Also， you have more chances to talk with classmates in Chinese. Besides， teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals， such as the Spring Festival， Dragon Boat Day and Mid-Autumn Day. Some relevant activities will be held during different festivals， such as making dumplings or eating zongzi， where you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have a good knowledge of Chinese life.
I hope you will find my recommendation helpful and attractive.
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，推荐外国朋友去孔子学院。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：三段式
首段：点明主题，向外国朋友介绍孔子学院。
中心段：具体介绍孔子学院的相关课程及活动。
尾段：表达希望。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
more than; be eager to do sth; Confucius Institute; be intended for; traditional festivals;
the Spring Festival; the Dragon Boat Day; the Mid-Autumn Day; make dumplings; eat zongzi;
have a good knowledge of
第三步：连词成句
I'm more than pleased to know that you are eager to learn Chinese.
Confucius Institute may be a good choice.
Confucius Institute provides various interesting subjects.
You will lean Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese writing.
You have more chances to talk with classmates in Chinese.
Teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals， such as the Spring Festival， Dragon Boat Day and Mid-Autumn Day.
Some relevant activities will be held during different festivals， such as making dumplings or eating zongzi.
You can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have a good knowledge of Chinese life.
I hope you will find my recommendation helpful and attractive.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Confucius Institute may be a good choice，which is intended for the Chinese learners who are not native.这句话运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句；使用了一些固定词组，如more than; be eager to do sth; be intended for; have a good knowledge of等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Here you go” Melanie said, handing Ava a pink envelope.
“Thanks.” Ava said. “But what is it?”
“An invitation to my pool party. It’s Saturday at two. There will be a lot of fun things to do. You are going to love it so much. Do come, please.” Melanie kept talking but Ava wasn’t listening.
The words “pool party” echoed (回响) through her mind. Ava had a secret she didn’t even tell her best friend Melanie — Ava couldn’t swim. Every time she tried to learn, she’d wind up with water up her nose and she’d be out of the pool as quickly as possible.
“You’re coming, right?” Melanie said
“Huh?” Ava jumped.
“Do you think you could come a little early? I could use your help inflating (使充气) the floating basketball hoops (篮筐) and the ball. And I will need you to help me set the tables.”
Ava didn’t know what to say. Melanie was one of her best friends. She couldn’t miss her party. But she didn’t want the whole school to find out she couldn’t swim. That would be too embarrassing. “I think I might be busy this Saturday,” Ava said, lowering her head. She saw the disappointment on Melanie’s face. “Maybe I could stop by for a little while, but I definitely wouldn’t have time to swim.”
Ava spent the rest of the school day trying to avoid Melanie’s questions about what she had to do on Saturday and why she couldn’t stay for the whole party. Ava felt awful. That night she asked her parents to ground her or make other plans so she couldn’t go to Melanie’s party.
“Ava, this is silly,” her mother said. “Melanie is your best friend. She won’t care that you can’t swim.” Ava wasn’t so sure.
“Just be honest with Melanie. She will understand you,” her father said.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
When Saturday arrived, Ava’s parents drove her to the party right on time.
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Ava decided to tell the truth.
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【答案】When Saturday arrived, Ava’s parents drove her to the party right on time. They had even convinced her to wear her bathing suit under her clothes. “You don’t have to go in the water, but you might get wet,” her mother insisted. Melanie ran up to Ava the moment she stepped out of the car. “You made it! The party would have been ruined if you weren’t here,” Melanie said excitedly. Ava felt very bad. “Melanie is a good friend and she deserves the truth,” she thought.
Ava decided to tell the truth. “Mel, I have to tell you something. I didn’t really have other plans. I was just afraid to tell you that I can’t swim,” Ava said sincerely, looking her friend in the eye. However, to Ava’s surprise, Melanie laughed and said, “Perfect! We won’t have to fight over who will be the judge of the pool games. No one ever wants to get out of the water to do it.” Ava’s face lit up. “I could do that. It sounds like fun,” Ava said excitedly. “It will be,” Melanie said, putting her arm through Ava’s and heading toward the pool.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。以Melanie邀请Ava参加自己的泳池派对为线索展开，Ava因为不会游泳，找借口想逃避，然而Ava的父母建议她实话实说。
【详解】1. 段落续写
由第一段首句内容“周六到来时，Ava的父母准时开车带她来到了派对上。”可知，第一段可描述Ava的到来让Melanie非常激动，而这让Ava内心更加煎熬。
由第二段首句内容“Ava决定讲出实情。”可知，第二段可描写Ava向Melanie说出了自己不会游泳这件事，而Melanie并没有介意，反而邀请她当游泳裁判。
2. 续写线索
Ava穿着泳衣来到派对——Melanie对Ava的到来非常惊喜——Ava讲出实情——Melanie并不介意Ava不会游泳——提出让Ava当游泳裁判
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①说服：convince/persuade
②争夺：fight over/struggle for/strive for
③走向：head toward/walk to
情绪类
①兴奋地：excitedly/in excitement/ feelingly
②害怕：be afraid/fear/for fear of/be fearful
③真诚地：sincerely/earnestly/genuinely
【点睛】【高分句型1】The party would have been ruined if you weren’t here.(使用了if引导的非真实条件句)
【高分句型2】We won’t have to fight over who will be the judge of the pool games.(使用了who引导宾语从句)
听力1-5 CABCC 6-10 ABACA 11-15 ABBCB 16-20 BACCA