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2022-2023学年浙江省湖州市高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年浙江省湖州市高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了选词填空-句子，阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，单词拼写-单句，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年浙江省湖州市高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共1.0分）
1. The painful experience has affected both her m ______ and physical health.
二、阅读理解（本大题共11小题，共27.5分）
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Chris Dempsey first learned about Heather Krueger when he was on his break at work.He overheard his coworker Jack Dwyer mention that his cousin Heather had just developed stage IV liver（肝） disease.She was only 25，Dwyer said，but she wouldn't survive much longer unless she could have a liver transplant（移植）.
Dempsey wanted to help."If someone in my family were in Heather's situation，I would want somebody to step up and help me，" said Dempsey，who phoned the hospital and immediately started the testing.He wasn't sure what would happen to Krueger if he wasn't a match.But a few weeks later，the tests came back.They were positive，and Dempsey was happy to give up to 55% of his liver to save Krueger's life.
Dempsey wanted to call Krueger to tell her the good news.Though they'd texted，they'd never spoken before.After Krueger hung up the phone，she ran down the hall to her mother and cried.When Dempsey hung up，he felt "like a totally new person."
A few days later，Dempsey and Krueger met to discuss the operation，but they ended up talking about much more things.Krueger explained that she had to quit her job as a nursing assistant when her illness became too serious.Still，as Dempsey remembered it， "She didn't look like a person who was sick.She was beautiful ，and she had this smile on her face the entire.time.It was amazing how high her spirits were." Moreover，the two planned for a public fundraising to help pay Krueger's medical bills.
On the day of the transplant，Dempsey and Krueger sat side by side in hospital beds，surrounded by their families.The operation went well and they were both released from the hospital within a month.
2. Why did Dempsey decide to help Krueger？ ______
A. Because of his own experience.
B. Out of his care and kindness for others.
C. Because Krueger was his cousin.
D. Because his coworker Jack asked him to do so.
3. Which of the following words can best describe Dempsey？ ______
A. Kind-hearted. B. Open-minded. C. Strong-willed. D. Good-tempered.
4. What can we learn from the passage？ ______
A. One of Dempsey's family members-once had developed the same disease as Krueger.
B. Dempsey was so excited that he cried when sharing the good news with Krueger.
C. After Krueger got the liver disease，she was in low spirits so she gave up her job.
D. Krueger always kept a positive attitude towards life though facing a health problem.
B
Puffin Books，the publisher of UK writer Roald Dahl's classic children's books like Matilda and The Witches，came under fire in February due to their choice to cut out hundreds of impolite words such as "fat"and"ugly"in Roald Dahl's stories to make them more acceptable to modern readers.
Although the publisher argued that they were meant to allow Dahl's books to continue to be enjoyed by all today，many people were still angered by the practice.Booker Prize-winning author Salman Rushdie was among those who reacted angrily to the rewriting of Dahl's words.He said that "it's important that works of literature are preserved"，noted Sky News.
According to The Conversation，"children 's literature implicitly（潜移默化地） shapes the minds of child readers by presenting particular social and culture values.Children can be influenced easily to works which can shape the way they grow up and understand the world."
Personally，I believe in the intelligence of children to explore the world around them.It is the job of teachers，parents and that other adult guardians to help children understand that books are products of their times and that authors-even the best among them-are human beings with their own flaws（缺点）.
After all，just as Suzanne Nossel，CEO of PEN America，a nonprofit organization that protects writers and freedom of expression，wrote on her Twitter， "If we start to change and adapt the great works instead of allowing readers to receive and react to books as written，we risk destroying the beauty that literature offers."
With this kind of understanding in mind，we can provide children with the tools to judge and sort out what they read.This is a skill needed now more than ever in a time of "fake news" and the rapid spread of disinformation （虚假消息）.
5. What do the underlined words " the practice" in paragraph 2 refer to？ ______
A. Puffin Books changed some impolite words in Roald Dahl's stories.
B. Puffin Books removed some rude words from Roald Dahl's stories.
C. Puffin Books preserved some impolite words in Roald Dahl's stories.
D. Puffin Books allowed Dahl's books to continue to be enjoyed by all.
6. Which of the following would Suzanne Nossel most probably agree with？ ______
A. Parents and teacher are responsible to help children understand the classics.
B. The change to the great works will make them more attractive.
C. Children can be influenced by the books they read.
D. Great works should be preserved as written.
7. What is the author's attitude to the rewriting of Dahl's works？ ______
A. Objective. B. Concerned. C. Supportive. D. Critical.
8. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Roald Dahl's Classic Children's Books
B. Children's Books：Up to Date
C. Great Works：To Rewrite or Not
D. Bring Great Books for Children
C
The Brain of a woodpecker（啄木鸟） experiences a seemingly catastrophic impact every time its beak （喙） hits wood."When you see these birds hitting their heads against a tree，we as humans get puzzled why they don't get headaches or brain damage，" says Sam Van Wassenbergh，a researcher at the University of Antwerp.
In the past，scientists have suggested the bird's brain is protected from the impacts，perhaps by a beak that absorbs some of the force，or something in its head that acts as a cushion（缓冲物）.But Van Wassenbergh didn't think so.So he led a team to study using high-speed video of woodpeckers in action.The video s showed some striking details.For example "they close their eyes at the moment they hit the wood."Van Wassenberg h says，to protect their eye from flying bits of wood.
The videos also showed that woodpeckers' beaks often get stuck in the wood.But they get free almost immediately，thanks to a clever beak design that provides independent movement of the upper and lower beak.
What the videos did not show is any sign that the woodpeckers' brain is somehow cushioned. "The way we see the head behaving is very rigid（死板的），like a tool hitting wood，" Van Wassenberg h says.That means the head repeatedly experiences slowdowns that would cause an injury in a human brain.
Yet the woodpecker brain appeared unharmed，even after thousands of impacts in a single day.This is possible because of its small size and weight.Van Wassenberg h says."An animal that has a smaller size can stand higher slowdowns，"he says.
That idea was suggested in 2006 by Lorna Gibson，a professor at MIT.Now，it has been confirmed by the high-speed video.A woodpecker's brain is about 700 times smaller than a human brain."That is why even the hardest hits we observed are not expected to cause any injury，" Van Wassenberg h says.
9. What does the underlined word"catastrophic" in paragraph 1 probably mean？ ______
A. Useful. B. Harmful. C. Unrelated. D. Little.
10. Which of the following did the videos show about the woodpecker？ ______
A. Its beak can absorb some force.
B. Its eyes are closed when it is pecking.
C. Its pecking speed slow down gradually.
D. Its upper and lower beak must work together.
11. What protects the woodpecker's brain from injury according to Van Wassenbergh？ ______
A. The cushioned brain.
B. The clever design of the beak.
C. The tiny size and weight of the brain.
D. The rig id behavior of the head.
12. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？ ______
A. Van Wassenbergh's video has confirmed Lorna Gibson' theory.
B. Lorna Gibson supported Van Wassenbergh's research.
C. Lorna Gibson expected some brain injury of a woodpecker by the hits.
D. The brain of a woodpecker is much smaller than that of a human.
三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Easy Solutions to Stress
Does stress often wear you down？It's almost impossible to totally avoid stress，but the following tips will help you to get it under control so that it doesn't take over your life.
Rely on other people
Studies of both animals and humans show that social contact can help you better respond to stress. （1） ______ Avoid people who always need something without giving back or who are always short with you
（ 2） ______
Leave the house 15 minutes early for appointments，set up a system for paying your bills，refill your daily supplies a week ahead of time and buy birthday cards whenever you see ones you like.A little advance planning can spare you a lot of headaches!
Keep a journal
Reflect on your day，your emotions and your personal goals.While writing them down，include everything that stresses you，so you can start to recognize what your problems are and take appropriate action. （3） ______
Cut your to-do list in half
Most of us set the bar too high.After you've written your to-do list，decide what's most important to you in the long run，then cut the list in half.（4） ______ .For example，hire a neighbourhood teenager to water your garden or skip cooking and order takeaway.
Laugh a little
（ 5） ______ Laughter also helps keep your heart，lungs and muscles healthy and build up your resistance （抵抗力）.Plus，it's nearly impossible to stay tense while you're laughing.Therefore，find cartoons，videos or TV shows that make you laugh.
A.Avoid last-minute rushes.
B Make detailed plans for daily activities.
C.Writing is also a great way to relax and put things in order.
D.If you can't cut out certain tasks，try to have someone else do them.
E.As we all know，laughter is the best medicine for both your body and mind.
F.So establish a network of people you can turn to and ask for some helpful advice.
G.When you laugh，you send chemicals called endorphins（内啡肽） to your brain that ease pain and promote your feeling of wellbeing.
13. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
14. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
15. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后答题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
As I have perfect pitch （绝对音感） and started playing piano at 3 years old，it's much natural for me to join the school's choir when I got to college in the US.
At first，everything went pretty（1） ______ ： I passed the audition （试音），and was even invited to join the more selective Chamber Singers.However，I soon became（2） ______ after several rehearsals（排练）：From jokes to music theory，I simply couldn't understand what they were talking about!And when I（3） ______ others' pitch mistakes，they seemed unwilling to accept.I remained silent even when I knew the pitches were（4） ______ .
It was our New Year Concert last year that （5） ______ me out of deep waters When we were singing the words of a song："To live is to give"，I thought "how could I be（6） ______ just being a silent Asian？" Soon after the （7） ______ ，I started my plan.In my second term，I （8） ______ to join all the conversations and started to help fellow singers with my abilities（9） ______ identifying pitch.I was overwhelmed by the content of helping people，and was thrilled （10） ______ more choir members came to me for casual talks.
From March to May，I was （11） ______ soloist（独唱者） for four different songs，an unusual（12） ______ for a first-year student.Among them，my favorite piece was a Spanish folk song that we（13） ______ during the choir's spring tour to Madrid.A Chinese student singing a Spanish song in an American choir - how proud I was to （14） ______ as an ambassador of cross-cultural communication!When the audience applauded us，I came to see a better world with understanding，（15） ______ and love.
18. A. smoothly B. carefully C. deeply D. quickly
19. A. scared B. determined C. frustrated D. absorbed
20. A. looked out B. pointed out C. figured out D. turned out
21. A. normal B. incorrect C. perfect D. regular
22. A. pushed B. pressed C. selected D. drew
23. A. satisfied with B. keen on C. familiar with D. eager for
24. A. audition B. joke C. concert D. rehearsal
25. A. hoped B. managed C. refused D. failed
26. A. by B. to C. on D. in
27. A. when B. while C. before D. unless
28. A. respected B. postponed C. attached D. appointed
29. A. feature B. hobby C. achievement D. request
30. A. performed B. desired C. lacked D. ignored
31. A. launch B. serve C. assume D. announce
32. A. patience B. independence C. peace D. pride
五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
33. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。
China is celebrating its eight Space day，which falls on April 24.The country（1） ______ （make） remarkable achievements in space（2） ______ （explorer） over the past decade.
The Tiangong space station（3） ______ completed at the end of 2022.It has three main sections：（ 4） ______ core module （核心舱） and two science lab modules and is usually made up of three （5） ______ （ astronaut）The three crew members of the Shenzhou XV miss ion are in it now.
In moon exploration，China has sent five robotic probes（探测器） to the（6） ______ （near） neighbor of Earth since 2007.The Chang'e 4 landed on the far side of the moon in January2019 and became the first craft to make measurements and observations about this area closely.Its rover，the Yutu 2，（7） ______ has been working there for nearly 1，600 days，has become the world's longest-operating moon rover.The most recent mission，Chang' e 5，landed in December2020 and returned（8） ______ 1，731 grams of moon rocks and soil.
In addition，the Tianwen 1 mission was launched in July 2020，which travelled more than470 million kilometers before （9） ______ （ enter ） the orbit of Mars in February 2021.Its onboard rover，Zhurong，landed in May 2021，making China the second country （10） ______ （send） a rover on Mars successfully.
六、单词拼写-单句（本大题共9小题，共9.0分）
34. The climate in Kunming is ______ （温和的），meaning it's always a good time to visit.
35. At the foot of the hill was a wooden house ______ （包围） by tall pine trees.
36. The mother had a smile of ______ （宽慰） after seeing her son cured by the doctors.
37. There are various opinions about the ______ （起源） of the Spring Festival. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
38. After winning a ______ （奖学金）， Jenny felt less pressure about paying tuition fees.
39. However busy we are，we will g ______ and celebrate the Spring Festival together.
40. It is our responsibility to seize every o ______ to educate people about global warming.
41. To be f ______ ，the fireworks last night were really annoying.
42. I have no idea how many students have been a ______ into the school this year.
七、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
43. 假定你是李华，你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，并在英语网站上展示，请你给外国朋友 Chris写封信，向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国朋友，内容如下：
1.阐明写信事由；
2.征求建议；
3.表达感谢。
注意：
1.词数 100 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
____________
Yours,
Li Hua
44. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Richie and her husband，Pooh，decided on visiting Cape Cod，a beautiful sea town，which is about three hours drive from the city of Boston.Their daughter who then lived in Salem close to Boston insisted that she would pick them up.But they were confident of their sense of direction and not wanting to trouble her，so they refused her offer.They decided to take their journey in their own car and started early in the morning.
After a three-hour drive，they arrived in Cape Cod and started their new discovery with a road map of the town and its suburbs.Since there were many places to see，it took them the whole day to finish their sightseeing.
Now，they were visiting a suburb with shops selling handmade items.Richie was most interested in shopping，while Pooh warned her to finish before it started getting dark.They were so absorbed in their shopping that they forgot about the time until the shops began to close.
They took the same route back.Pooh had a very good memory and a keen sense of direction and so Richie just blindly followed him，without knowing where they were heading to.Soon they found themselves just going round in a maze，realizing they got lost on the way.
They had to stop the car，referred to their map，and started again.After some time，they realized it was no use trying and finding their way back.Their mobile phones had been dead for hours，and it was impossible to contact their daughter.Having no other option，they decided to ask someone for help，but being a Sunday，the roads were empty，with no people walking around or cars passing by.They were getting worried and terrified with each passing minute.The darkness and panic filled Richie's head with horrible thoughts "Would they be robbed or attacked？" After hours of waiting silently in the darkness，they decided to try again.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为 150 左右：
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Pooh turned the key and tried to start the car，but it wouldn't move.
______
On the edge of despair，they heard the whistle of a car.
______
答案和解析
1.【答案】ental
【解析】答案：mental.形容词mental作定语修饰名词health。故填：mental。
痛苦的经历影响了她的身心健康。
考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
2~4.【答案】B、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。由文章第二段"If someone in my family were in Heather's situation，I would want somebody to step up and help me，" said Dempsey，who phoned the hospital and immediately started the testing.He wasn't sure what would happen to Krueger if he wasn't a match.（如果我家里有人遇到Heathe的情况，我希望有人站出来帮助我。他打电话给医院，立即开始了检测。他不确定如果不能配对，Krueger会怎么样。）可知，Dempsey 决定帮助Krueger是出于对他人的关心和善意。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。由文章第二段But a few weeks later，the tests came back.They were positive，and Dempsey was happy to give up to 55% of his liver to save Krueger's life.（但几周后，检测结果出来了。他们是阳性可配对的，Dempsey很高兴放弃了高达55%的肝脏来挽救Krueger的生命。）可知，Dempsey是一个十分善良的人。故选A项。
（3）推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段"She didn't look like a person who was sick.She was beautiful ，and she had this smile on her face the entire.time.It was amazing how high her spirits were." （她看起来不像一个生病的人。她很漂亮，脸上一直挂着笑容。令人惊讶的是，她的情绪如此高涨。）可知，尽管面临健康问题，Krueger始终保持着积极的生活态度。故选D项。
这篇文章讲述了Chris Dempsey如何听到他的同事Heather Krueger患有严重的肝病，然后主动进行肝移植手术，最终成功拯救了Krueger的生命。他们之间建立了深厚的友谊，并一起筹集资金支付Krueger的医疗费用。手术成功后，两人都很快康复出院。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
5~8.【答案】B、D、D、C
【解析】（1）词句指代题。根据第一段 Puffin Books，the publisher of UK writer Roald Dahl's classic children's books like Matilda and The Witches，came under fire in February due to their choice to cut out hundreds of impolite words such as "fat"and"ugly"in Roald Dahl's stories to make them more acceptable to modern readers. （今年2月，英国作家罗尔德•达尔的经典童书《玛蒂尔达》和《女巫们》的出版商海芬图书公司因在罗尔德•达尔的小说中删去"胖"、"丑"等数百个不礼貌的词汇，使其更容易被现代读者接受而受到抨击。）可知海雀图书公司出版的Roald Dahl精选小说中删除了数百个不礼貌的词汇，结合画线词所在句句意"尽管出版商声称他们的目的是让Dahl的书继续为今天的所有人所欣赏，但许多人仍然对这种做法感到愤怒"可知，"the practice （这种做法）"指上文提到的海雀图书公司从Roald Dahl的故事中删除了一些粗鲁的词语。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段If we start to change and adapt the great works instead of allowing readers to receive and react to books as written，we risk destroying the beauty that literature offers. （如果我们开始改变和改编伟大的作品，而不是让读者接受并对所写的书做出反应，我们就有可能破坏文学所提供的美）可知，Suzanne Nossel不同意改编伟大的作品，他认为它们应该原封不动地保存下来，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Personally，I believe in the intelligence of children to explore the world around them.It is the job of teachers，parents and that other adult guardians to help children understand that books are products of their times and that authors-even the best among them-are human beings with their own flaws（缺点）. （就我个人而言，我相信孩子们探索周围世界的智慧。教师、家长和其他成年监护人有责任帮助孩子们理解，书籍是他们所处时代的产物，而作者——即使是他们当中最优秀的作家——也是有其缺点的人）可知，作者认为孩子有探索事物的智慧，成年人应帮助他们理解书籍是时代的产物，即使是伟大的作者也有缺点，故作者反对改编Dahl的作品，故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据全文内容，第一段 Puffin Books，the publisher of UK writer Roald Dahl's classic children's books like Matilda and The Witches，came under fire in February due to their choice to cut out hundreds of impolite words such as "fat"and"ugly"in Roald Dahl's stories to make them more acceptable to modern readers.（今年2月，英国作家罗尔德•达尔的经典童书《玛蒂尔达》和《女巫们》的出版商海芬图书公司因在罗尔德•达尔的小说中删去"胖"、"丑"等数百个不礼貌的词汇，使其更容易被现代读者接受而受到抨击。）提出文章的主题，海雀图书公司从Roald Dahl的故事中删除了一些粗鲁的词语，下文是对这一做法不同的态度，故C项"伟大的作品：要不要重写"为最佳标题，故选C。
英国作家罗尔德•达尔的经典儿童图书出版商Puffin Books因剪辑达尔小说中的"肥胖"和"丑陋"等不礼貌词汇而引发争议。许多人对这种做法感到愤怒，认为文学作品应该被保留。儿童文学在塑造孩子的价值观和文化观方面具有重要作用，但是孩子们应该被赋予判断和筛选阅读材料的能力。在当前"假新闻"和虚假信息快速传播的时代，这种能力比以往任何时候都更为重要。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
9~12.【答案】B、B、C、A
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段划线词下文every time its beak （喙） hits wood.（它的喙每次敲击木头。）以及When you see these birds hitting their heads against a tree，we as humans get puzzled why they don't get headaches or brain damage.（当你看到这些鸟把头撞到树上时，我们人类会感到困惑，为什么它们不会头痛或脑损伤。）可知，人类感到困惑，啄木鸟敲击树干时为什么不会头痛或脑损伤，由此可知这是一个看似会造成伤害的行为，故catastrophic意为"造成损害的"，A.Useful有用的；B.Harmful有害的；C.Unrelated无关的；D.Little小的。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The video s showed some striking details.For example "they close their eyes at the moment they hit the wood.（视频显示了一些惊人的细节。例如，'它们在撞到木头的那一刻闭上了眼睛。）可知，视频显示啄木鸟啄树干时闭上眼睛。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Yet the woodpecker brain appeared unharmed，even after thousands of impacts in a single day.This is possible because of its small size and weight.（然而啄木鸟的大脑似乎没有受到伤害，即使在一天内受到数千次撞击。这是可能的，因为它的体积和重量小。）可知，根据Van Wassenbergh的说法，啄木鸟大脑微小的尺寸和重量保护其不受损伤。故选C。
（4）段落大意题。根据最后一段That idea was suggested in 2006 by Lorna Gibson，a professor at MIT.Now，it has been confirmed by the high-speed video.（这个想法是由麻省理工学院教授Lorna Gibson在2006年提出的。现在，高速视频已经证实了这一点。）可知，最后一段主要讲述Van Wassenbergh的视频证实了Lorna Gibson的理论，故选A。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了啄木鸟的头部结构，它们每次啄木时头部都会受到强烈的冲击，但它们的头部却不会受伤。之前的科学家认为啄木鸟的喙或头部内部的某些物质可以缓冲冲击，但研究者Sam Van Wassenbergh认为不是这样。他带领团队使用高速摄影记录了啄木鸟啄木的过程，发现它们会在啄木时闭上眼睛，以保护眼睛不受木屑伤害。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
13~17.【答案】F、A、C、D、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据本段小标题Rely on other people（依赖其他人）和上文Studies of both animals and humans show that social contact can help you better respond to stress.（对动物和人类的研究表明，社会接触可以帮助你更好地应对压力）可知，和别人接触能帮助你更好地应对压力，空处应是说因此要多接触别人，F项"因此，建立一个你可以求助的人际网络，并寻求一些有用的建议"符合语境，和上文形成因果关系，故选F。
（2）标题判断题。根据本段内容Leave the house 15 minutes early for appointments，set up a system for paying your bills，refill your daily supplies a week ahead of time and buy birthday cards whenever you see ones you like.A little advance planning can spare you a lot of headaches!（提前15分钟出门赴约，建立一个支付账单的系统，提前一周补充日常用品，看到喜欢的生日贺卡就买。一点点提前计划可以让你省去很多麻烦）可知，本段主要讲述将计划提前一些能省去很多麻烦，故A项"避免最后一分钟的匆忙"适合作为小标题，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据上文While writing them down，include everything that stresses you，so you can start to recognize what your problems are and take appropriate action.（在写下它们的时候，包括所有给你带来压力的事情，这样你就可以开始认识到你的问题是什么，并采取适当的行动）提到写日记的好处，分析选项，C项"写作也是一种放松和整理事物的好方法"进一步描述写日记的好处，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据下文For example，hire a neighbourhood teenager to water your garden or skip cooking and order takeaway.（例如，雇一个邻居家的少年给你的花园浇水，或者不做饭而叫外卖）"是对空处内容举例说明，故空处是关于让别人帮忙完成任务，D项"如果你不能减少某些任务，试着让别人来做"符合语境，故选D。
（5）细节理解题。根据下文Laughter also helps keep your heart，lungs and muscles healthy and build up your resistance （抵抗力）.（笑还有助于保持你的心脏、肺和肌肉的健康，增强你的抵抗力）中的"also"一词可知，空处也是描述笑的好处，G项"当你笑的时候，你会向大脑发送一种叫做内啡肽的化学物质，它可以缓解疼痛，促进你的幸福感"符合语境，故选G。
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了减轻压力的一些方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
18~32.【答案】A、C、B、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、D、C、A、B、C
【解析】（1）考查副词及语境理解。A.smoothly顺利地；B.carefully仔细地；C.deeply 深深地；D.quickly快速地。句意：起初，一切都很顺利：我通过了试音，甚至被邀请加入更挑剔的室内乐歌手。根据后文"I passed the audition（试音），and was even invited to join the more selective Chamber Singers"可知，起初一切进展顺利，故选A。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.scared害怕的；B.determined坚定的；C.frustrated沮丧的；D.absorbed全神贯注的。句意：然而，几次排练后，我很快就感到沮丧：从笑话到乐理，我根本听不懂他们在说什么！根据转折副词"However"和下文"From jokes to music theory，I simply couldn't understand what they were talking about!"可知，作者听不懂别人说的什么，故感到沮丧，故选C。
（3）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.looked out当心，向外看；B.pointed out指出；C.figured out解决，想出；D.turned out结果是，原来是。句意：当我指出别人的音高错误时，他们似乎不愿意接受。根据下文"they seemed unwilling to accept"可知，当作者指出错误时，他们似乎不愿意接受，故选B。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.normal正常的；B.incorrect不正确的；C.perfect完美的；D.regular定期的。句意：我保持沉默，即使我知道音调是错误的。根据上文"mistakes"可知，此处指音高是错误的，故选B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.pushed推；B.pressed按，压；C.selected选择；D.drew拉动，拖动。句意：去年的新年音乐会让我走出了困境。draw sb out of将某人从……处拉出来，故选D。
（6）考查固定短语及语境理解。A.satisfied with满足于；B.keen on喜爱；C.familiar with熟悉；D.eager for渴望。句意：当我们唱着"活着就是付出"的歌词时，我想："我怎么能满足于仅仅做一个沉默的亚洲人呢？"根据下文"I started my plan."可知，作者认为自己不应满足于只做一个沉默的人，故选A。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.audition试音；B.joke玩笑；C.concert音乐会；D.rehearsal排练。句意：音乐会结束后不久，我开始了我的计划。此处指上文提到的"New Year Concert"，故选C。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.hoped希望；B.managed设法做到；C.refused拒绝；D.failed失败。句意：在我的第二个学期，我成功地加入了所有的对话，并开始用我的识别音高的能力帮助其他歌手。根据下文"started to help fellow singers"可知，作者成功和其他人打成一片，manage to do sth设法做成某事，故选B。
（9）考查介词及语境理解。A.by通过；B.to朝；C.on在……上面；D.in在……里面，在……方面。句意：在我的第二个学期，我成功地加入了所有的对话，并开始用我的识别音高的能力帮助其他歌手。abilities in指"某方面的能力"，固定搭配，故选D。
（10）考查连词及语境理解。A.when当……时；B.while在……期间；C.before在……之前；D.unless除非。句意：我对要帮助别人的内容感到应接不暇，当更多的合唱团成员来找我闲聊时，我感到很兴奋。用when引导时间状语从句，while引导时间状语从句时从句用延续性动词，came是短暂性动词，故选A。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.respected尊重；B.postponed推迟，延期；C.attached粘贴，依附；D.appointed任命，安排。句意：从3月到5月，我被任命为四首不同歌曲的独奏者，这对大一学生来说是一个不同寻常的成就。根据下文"soloist （独唱者） for four different songs"可知，作者被任命为四首不同歌曲的独奏者，故选D。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.feature 特点；B.hobby兴趣；C.achievement成就；D.request要求。句意：从3月到5月，我被任命为四首不同歌曲的独奏者，这对大一学生来说是一个不同寻常的成就。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.performed表演；B.desired渴望；C.lacked缺乏；D.ignored忽视。句意：其中，我最喜欢的是一首西班牙民歌，是我们在合唱团春季巡回马德里演出时演奏的。根据前文的"song"和空后"during the choir's spring tour to Madrid"可知，此处指合唱团去马德里春季巡回演出时表演的歌曲，指故选A。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.launch发射，发起；B.serve服务，担任；C.assume假设，认为；D.announce宣布。句意：一个中国学生在美国唱诗班里唱着一首西班牙歌——我为自己担任跨文化交流大使感到多么自豪！根据空后"as an ambassador of cross-cultural communication"可知，此处指担任跨文化交流大使，故选B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.patience耐心；B.independence独立；C.peace和平；D.pride自豪。句意：当观众为我们鼓掌时，我看到了一个充满理解、和平和爱的更美好的世界。上文提到作者为担任跨文化交流大使感到自豪，结合本句中"a better world"可知，此处指一个充满理解、和平和爱的更美好的世界，故选C。
这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者去美国上大学的经历，作者在音乐方面很有天赋，加入校合唱团后，由最初的沮丧到最后用自己的实力获得了不同寻常的成就，为自己担任跨文化交流大使感到非常自豪。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
33.【答案】has made
【解析】（1）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，中国在太空探索方面取得了令人瞩目的成就。时间状语为over the past decade，句子用现在完成时，主语为The country，助动词用has，故填has made。
（2）考查不可数名词。句意：在过去的十年里，中国在太空探索方面取得了令人瞩目的成就。此处用名词作介词in的宾语，表示"探索"，为不可数名词，故填exploration。
（3）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：天宫空间站于2022年底建成。时间状语为at the end of 2022，句子用一般过去时，主语为The Tiangong space station，且与complete之间是被动关系，故填was completed。
（4）考查冠词。句意：它有三个主要部分：一个核心舱和两个科学实验室舱，通常由三名宇航员组成。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，core为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
（5）考查可数名词的复数。句意：它有三个主要部分：一个核心舱和两个科学实验室舱，通常由三名宇航员组成。空前有three修饰，故用名词的复数形式，故填astronauts。
（6）考查最高级。句意：在月球探测方面，自2007年以来，中国已经向离地球最近的邻居发射了五个机器人探测器。结合句意和the可知，此处用最高级，表示"最近的"，故填nearest。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：它的月球车"玉兔2号"已经在那里工作了近1600天，成为世界上运行时间最长的月球车。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Yutu 2，在从句中作主语，故填which。
（8）考查介词。句意：最近的一次任务是嫦娥五号，于2020年12月着陆，返回时携带了1731克月球岩石和土壤。with表示"伴随，携带"，符合句意，故填with。
（9）考查动名词。句意：此外，天问一号任务于2020年7月发射，在2021年2月进入火星轨道之前，飞行了超过4.7亿公里。此处用动名词作介词before的宾语，故填entering。
（10）考查动词不定式。句意：2021年5月，祝融号登月车着陆，使中国成为第二个成功发射火星探测器的国家。此处用动词不定式作定语修饰the second country，故填to send。
本文为说明文，主要讲述了在过去的十年里，中国在太空探索方面取得了令人瞩目的成就。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
34.【答案】mild
【解析】根据括号内词义，"温和的"可译为mild，形容词作表语。
故填：mild。
昆明的气候温和，这意味着它总是游览的好时机。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
35.【答案】surrounded
【解析】根据括号内词义，"包围"可译为surround，与house之间是动宾关系，为非谓语动词，用过去分词短语作后置定语。
故填：surrounded。
山脚下有一座木屋，四周环绕着高大的松树。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
36.【答案】relief
【解析】根据括号内词义，"宽慰"可译为relief，是不可数名词。
故填：relief。
看到儿子被医生治好后，母亲如释重负地笑了。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
37.【答案】origin
【解析】根据汉语提示"起源"可知，此处应用名词origin作宾语，且此处为"春节的起源"，为单数意义，所以用名词单数。
故填：origin。
关于春节的起源有各种各样的看法。
准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
38.【答案】scholarship
【解析】根据括号内词义，"奖学金"可译为scholarship，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数形式。
故填：scholarship。
获得奖学金后，珍妮觉得交学费的压力减轻了。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
39.【答案】ather
【解析】根据句意"不管我们有多忙，我们都会聚在一起庆祝春节。"结合首字母，考虑gather"聚集"，助动词will后接动词原形。
故填：gather。
不管我们有多忙，我们都会聚在一起庆祝春节。
考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
40.【答案】pportunity
【解析】根据句意"抓住每一个教育人们全球变暖的机会是我们的责任。"结合首字母，考虑opportunity"机会"，是可数名词，根据句中every要用单数形式。
故填：opportunity。
抓住每一个教育人们全球变暖的机会是我们的责任。
考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
41.【答案】rank
【解析】根据句意结合首字母，考虑frank"坦率的，直白的"是形容词，to be frank"坦率地说"是固定用法。
故填：frank。
坦率地说，昨晚的烟火真的很烦人。
对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
42.【答案】dmitted
【解析】根据句意"我不知道今年有多少学生被学校录取了。"结合首字母，考虑admit"允许进入"，与students之间是动宾关系，根据句中have been要用现在完成时被动语态。
故填：admitted。
我不知道今年有多少学生被学校录取了。
考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
43.【答案】Dear Chris,
How are you doing these days？I'm writing to ask you some advice.（阐明写信事由）
In order to promote Chinese traditional culture and post some class meetings on English websites,our school is going to organise class meetings,the theme of which is traditional Chinese culture.【高分句型一】We can choose a variety of themes,such as calligraphy,martial arts,oil paintings,papercutting and so on.I'm wondering if you could let me know which of them you like best and which of them people from outside of China are more likely to be interested in.【高分句型二】（征求意见）
Thank you for your help.I'd appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.（表示感谢）
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：In order to promote Chinese traditional culture and post some class meetings on English websites,our school is going to organise class meetings,the theme of which is traditional Chinese culture.
译文：为了弘扬中国传统文化，并在英语网站上发布一些班会，我们学校将组织以中国传统文化为主题的班会。
分析：这句话使用了the theme of which引导非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：I'm wondering if you could let me know which of them you like best and which of them people from outside of China are more likely to be interested in.
译文：我想知道你是否可以让我知道你最喜欢哪一个，以及哪些来自中国以外的人更感兴趣。
分析：这句话使用了if引导宾语从句，and连接两个which引导的宾语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
44.【答案】Pooh turned the key and tried to start the car，but it wouldn't move.The engine made a feeble attempt，sputtering before falling silent.【高分句型一】Frustration crept into their hearts as they realized they were now stranded in the desolate suburban streets.With a heavy sigh，Richie glanced at Pooh，her eyes filled with worry.【高分句型二】They knew they had to find a solution soon before their fears became a reality.（汽车启动不了，两个人感到绝望）
On the edge of despair，they heard the whistle of a car.Their hearts skipped a beat as a glimmer of hope sparked within them.Turning their heads，they saw headlights approaching from a distance.Relief washed over Richie and Pooh，and they waved their arms frantically，signaling for help.The car slowed down，and a kind stranger rolled down the window，offering assistance.At that moment，the weight of their anxiety began to lift，and they realized that their journey was not over just yet.（他们得到了陌生人的帮助）
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了Richie和丈夫Pooh去Cape Cod玩，他们没有让女儿接，而是自己开车去，在Cape Cod玩到很晚，结果发现两人迷路了。手机电池没有电了。
高分句型一：The engine made a feeble attempt，sputtering before falling silent.
译文：发动机做了一次微弱的尝试，在熄火之前发出了刺耳的声音。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语sputtering before falling silent作状语。
高分句型二：With a heavy sigh，Richie glanced at Pooh，her eyes filled with worry.
译文：Richie叹了一口气，瞥了一眼Pooh，眼里满是忧虑。
分析：这句话使用了her eyes filled with worry，这是独立主格结构。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年浙江省湖州市高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共1.0分）
1. The painful experience has affected both her m ______ and physical health.
二、阅读理解（本大题共11小题，共27.5分）
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Chris Dempsey first learned about Heather Krueger when he was on his break at work.He overheard his coworker Jack Dwyer mention that his cousin Heather had just developed stage IV liver（肝） disease.She was only 25，Dwyer said，but she wouldn't survive much longer unless she could have a liver transplant（移植）.
Dempsey wanted to help."If someone in my family were in Heather's situation，I would want somebody to step up and help me，" said Dempsey，who phoned the hospital and immediately started the testing.He wasn't sure what would happen to Krueger if he wasn't a match.But a few weeks later，the tests came back.They were positive，and Dempsey was happy to give up to 55% of his liver to save Krueger's life.
Dempsey wanted to call Krueger to tell her the good news.Though they'd texted，they'd never spoken before.After Krueger hung up the phone，she ran down the hall to her mother and cried.When Dempsey hung up，he felt "like a totally new person."
A few days later，Dempsey and Krueger met to discuss the operation，but they ended up talking about much more things.Krueger explained that she had to quit her job as a nursing assistant when her illness became too serious.Still，as Dempsey remembered it， "She didn't look like a person who was sick.She was beautiful ，and she had this smile on her face the entire.time.It was amazing how high her spirits were." Moreover，the two planned for a public fundraising to help pay Krueger's medical bills.
On the day of the transplant，Dempsey and Krueger sat side by side in hospital beds，surrounded by their families.The operation went well and they were both released from the hospital within a month.
2. Why did Dempsey decide to help Krueger？ ______
A. Because of his own experience.
B. Out of his care and kindness for others.
C. Because Krueger was his cousin.
D. Because his coworker Jack asked him to do so.
3. Which of the following words can best describe Dempsey？ ______
A. Kind-hearted. B. Open-minded. C. Strong-willed. D. Good-tempered.
4. What can we learn from the passage？ ______
A. One of Dempsey's family members-once had developed the same disease as Krueger.
B. Dempsey was so excited that he cried when sharing the good news with Krueger.
C. After Krueger got the liver disease，she was in low spirits so she gave up her job.
D. Krueger always kept a positive attitude towards life though facing a health problem.
B
Puffin Books，the publisher of UK writer Roald Dahl's classic children's books like Matilda and The Witches，came under fire in February due to their choice to cut out hundreds of impolite words such as "fat"and"ugly"in Roald Dahl's stories to make them more acceptable to modern readers.
Although the publisher argued that they were meant to allow Dahl's books to continue to be enjoyed by all today，many people were still angered by the practice.Booker Prize-winning author Salman Rushdie was among those who reacted angrily to the rewriting of Dahl's words.He said that "it's important that works of literature are preserved"，noted Sky News.
According to The Conversation，"children 's literature implicitly（潜移默化地） shapes the minds of child readers by presenting particular social and culture values.Children can be influenced easily to works which can shape the way they grow up and understand the world."
Personally，I believe in the intelligence of children to explore the world around them.It is the job of teachers，parents and that other adult guardians to help children understand that books are products of their times and that authors-even the best among them-are human beings with their own flaws（缺点）.
After all，just as Suzanne Nossel，CEO of PEN America，a nonprofit organization that protects writers and freedom of expression，wrote on her Twitter， "If we start to change and adapt the great works instead of allowing readers to receive and react to books as written，we risk destroying the beauty that literature offers."
With this kind of understanding in mind，we can provide children with the tools to judge and sort out what they read.This is a skill needed now more than ever in a time of "fake news" and the rapid spread of disinformation （虚假消息）.
5. What do the underlined words " the practice" in paragraph 2 refer to？ ______
A. Puffin Books changed some impolite words in Roald Dahl's stories.
B. Puffin Books removed some rude words from Roald Dahl's stories.
C. Puffin Books preserved some impolite words in Roald Dahl's stories.
D. Puffin Books allowed Dahl's books to continue to be enjoyed by all.
6. Which of the following would Suzanne Nossel most probably agree with？ ______
A. Parents and teacher are responsible to help children understand the classics.
B. The change to the great works will make them more attractive.
C. Children can be influenced by the books they read.
D. Great works should be preserved as written.
7. What is the author's attitude to the rewriting of Dahl's works？ ______
A. Objective. B. Concerned. C. Supportive. D. Critical.
8. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Roald Dahl's Classic Children's Books
B. Children's Books：Up to Date
C. Great Works：To Rewrite or Not
D. Bring Great Books for Children
C
The Brain of a woodpecker（啄木鸟） experiences a seemingly catastrophic impact every time its beak （喙） hits wood."When you see these birds hitting their heads against a tree，we as humans get puzzled why they don't get headaches or brain damage，" says Sam Van Wassenbergh，a researcher at the University of Antwerp.
In the past，scientists have suggested the bird's brain is protected from the impacts，perhaps by a beak that absorbs some of the force，or something in its head that acts as a cushion（缓冲物）.But Van Wassenbergh didn't think so.So he led a team to study using high-speed video of woodpeckers in action.The video s showed some striking details.For example "they close their eyes at the moment they hit the wood."Van Wassenberg h says，to protect their eye from flying bits of wood.
The videos also showed that woodpeckers' beaks often get stuck in the wood.But they get free almost immediately，thanks to a clever beak design that provides independent movement of the upper and lower beak.
What the videos did not show is any sign that the woodpeckers' brain is somehow cushioned. "The way we see the head behaving is very rigid（死板的），like a tool hitting wood，" Van Wassenberg h says.That means the head repeatedly experiences slowdowns that would cause an injury in a human brain.
Yet the woodpecker brain appeared unharmed，even after thousands of impacts in a single day.This is possible because of its small size and weight.Van Wassenberg h says."An animal that has a smaller size can stand higher slowdowns，"he says.
That idea was suggested in 2006 by Lorna Gibson，a professor at MIT.Now，it has been confirmed by the high-speed video.A woodpecker's brain is about 700 times smaller than a human brain."That is why even the hardest hits we observed are not expected to cause any injury，" Van Wassenberg h says.
9. What does the underlined word"catastrophic" in paragraph 1 probably mean？ ______
A. Useful. B. Harmful. C. Unrelated. D. Little.
10. Which of the following did the videos show about the woodpecker？ ______
A. Its beak can absorb some force.
B. Its eyes are closed when it is pecking.
C. Its pecking speed slow down gradually.
D. Its upper and lower beak must work together.
11. What protects the woodpecker's brain from injury according to Van Wassenbergh？ ______
A. The cushioned brain.
B. The clever design of the beak.
C. The tiny size and weight of the brain.
D. The rig id behavior of the head.
12. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？ ______
A. Van Wassenbergh's video has confirmed Lorna Gibson' theory.
B. Lorna Gibson supported Van Wassenbergh's research.
C. Lorna Gibson expected some brain injury of a woodpecker by the hits.
D. The brain of a woodpecker is much smaller than that of a human.
三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Easy Solutions to Stress
Does stress often wear you down？It's almost impossible to totally avoid stress，but the following tips will help you to get it under control so that it doesn't take over your life.
Rely on other people
Studies of both animals and humans show that social contact can help you better respond to stress. （1） ______ Avoid people who always need something without giving back or who are always short with you
（ 2） ______
Leave the house 15 minutes early for appointments，set up a system for paying your bills，refill your daily supplies a week ahead of time and buy birthday cards whenever you see ones you like.A little advance planning can spare you a lot of headaches!
Keep a journal
Reflect on your day，your emotions and your personal goals.While writing them down，include everything that stresses you，so you can start to recognize what your problems are and take appropriate action. （3） ______
Cut your to-do list in half
Most of us set the bar too high.After you've written your to-do list，decide what's most important to you in the long run，then cut the list in half.（4） ______ .For example，hire a neighbourhood teenager to water your garden or skip cooking and order takeaway.
Laugh a little
（ 5） ______ Laughter also helps keep your heart，lungs and muscles healthy and build up your resistance （抵抗力）.Plus，it's nearly impossible to stay tense while you're laughing.Therefore，find cartoons，videos or TV shows that make you laugh.
A.Avoid last-minute rushes.
B Make detailed plans for daily activities.
C.Writing is also a great way to relax and put things in order.
D.If you can't cut out certain tasks，try to have someone else do them.
E.As we all know，laughter is the best medicine for both your body and mind.
F.So establish a network of people you can turn to and ask for some helpful advice.
G.When you laugh，you send chemicals called endorphins（内啡肽） to your brain that ease pain and promote your feeling of wellbeing.
13. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
14. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
15. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后答题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
As I have perfect pitch （绝对音感） and started playing piano at 3 years old，it's much natural for me to join the school's choir when I got to college in the US.
At first，everything went pretty（1） ______ ： I passed the audition （试音），and was even invited to join the more selective Chamber Singers.However，I soon became（2） ______ after several rehearsals（排练）：From jokes to music theory，I simply couldn't understand what they were talking about!And when I（3） ______ others' pitch mistakes，they seemed unwilling to accept.I remained silent even when I knew the pitches were（4） ______ .
It was our New Year Concert last year that （5） ______ me out of deep waters When we were singing the words of a song："To live is to give"，I thought "how could I be（6） ______ just being a silent Asian？" Soon after the （7） ______ ，I started my plan.In my second term，I （8） ______ to join all the conversations and started to help fellow singers with my abilities（9） ______ identifying pitch.I was overwhelmed by the content of helping people，and was thrilled （10） ______ more choir members came to me for casual talks.
From March to May，I was （11） ______ soloist（独唱者） for four different songs，an unusual（12） ______ for a first-year student.Among them，my favorite piece was a Spanish folk song that we（13） ______ during the choir's spring tour to Madrid.A Chinese student singing a Spanish song in an American choir - how proud I was to （14） ______ as an ambassador of cross-cultural communication!When the audience applauded us，I came to see a better world with understanding，（15） ______ and love.
18. A. smoothly B. carefully C. deeply D. quickly
19. A. scared B. determined C. frustrated D. absorbed
20. A. looked out B. pointed out C. figured out D. turned out
21. A. normal B. incorrect C. perfect D. regular
22. A. pushed B. pressed C. selected D. drew
23. A. satisfied with B. keen on C. familiar with D. eager for
24. A. audition B. joke C. concert D. rehearsal
25. A. hoped B. managed C. refused D. failed
26. A. by B. to C. on D. in
27. A. when B. while C. before D. unless
28. A. respected B. postponed C. attached D. appointed
29. A. feature B. hobby C. achievement D. request
30. A. performed B. desired C. lacked D. ignored
31. A. launch B. serve C. assume D. announce
32. A. patience B. independence C. peace D. pride
五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
33. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。
China is celebrating its eight Space day，which falls on April 24.The country（1） ______ （make） remarkable achievements in space（2） ______ （explorer） over the past decade.
The Tiangong space station（3） ______ completed at the end of 2022.It has three main sections：（ 4） ______ core module （核心舱） and two science lab modules and is usually made up of three （5） ______ （ astronaut）The three crew members of the Shenzhou XV miss ion are in it now.
In moon exploration，China has sent five robotic probes（探测器） to the（6） ______ （near） neighbor of Earth since 2007.The Chang'e 4 landed on the far side of the moon in January2019 and became the first craft to make measurements and observations about this area closely.Its rover，the Yutu 2，（7） ______ has been working there for nearly 1，600 days，has become the world's longest-operating moon rover.The most recent mission，Chang' e 5，landed in December2020 and returned（8） ______ 1，731 grams of moon rocks and soil.
In addition，the Tianwen 1 mission was launched in July 2020，which travelled more than470 million kilometers before （9） ______ （ enter ） the orbit of Mars in February 2021.Its onboard rover，Zhurong，landed in May 2021，making China the second country （10） ______ （send） a rover on Mars successfully.
六、单词拼写-单句（本大题共9小题，共9.0分）
34. The climate in Kunming is ______ （温和的），meaning it's always a good time to visit.
35. At the foot of the hill was a wooden house ______ （包围） by tall pine trees.
36. The mother had a smile of ______ （宽慰） after seeing her son cured by the doctors.
37. There are various opinions about the ______ （起源） of the Spring Festival. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
38. After winning a ______ （奖学金）， Jenny felt less pressure about paying tuition fees.
39. However busy we are，we will g ______ and celebrate the Spring Festival together.
40. It is our responsibility to seize every o ______ to educate people about global warming.
41. To be f ______ ，the fireworks last night were really annoying.
42. I have no idea how many students have been a ______ into the school this year.
七、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
43. 假定你是李华，你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，并在英语网站上展示，请你给外国朋友 Chris写封信，向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国朋友，内容如下：
1.阐明写信事由；
2.征求建议；
3.表达感谢。
注意：
1.词数 100 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
____________
Yours,
Li Hua
44. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Richie and her husband，Pooh，decided on visiting Cape Cod，a beautiful sea town，which is about three hours drive from the city of Boston.Their daughter who then lived in Salem close to Boston insisted that she would pick them up.But they were confident of their sense of direction and not wanting to trouble her，so they refused her offer.They decided to take their journey in their own car and started early in the morning.
After a three-hour drive，they arrived in Cape Cod and started their new discovery with a road map of the town and its suburbs.Since there were many places to see，it took them the whole day to finish their sightseeing.
Now，they were visiting a suburb with shops selling handmade items.Richie was most interested in shopping，while Pooh warned her to finish before it started getting dark.They were so absorbed in their shopping that they forgot about the time until the shops began to close.
They took the same route back.Pooh had a very good memory and a keen sense of direction and so Richie just blindly followed him，without knowing where they were heading to.Soon they found themselves just going round in a maze，realizing they got lost on the way.
They had to stop the car，referred to their map，and started again.After some time，they realized it was no use trying and finding their way back.Their mobile phones had been dead for hours，and it was impossible to contact their daughter.Having no other option，they decided to ask someone for help，but being a Sunday，the roads were empty，with no people walking around or cars passing by.They were getting worried and terrified with each passing minute.The darkness and panic filled Richie's head with horrible thoughts "Would they be robbed or attacked？" After hours of waiting silently in the darkness，they decided to try again.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为 150 左右：
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Pooh turned the key and tried to start the car，but it wouldn't move.
______
On the edge of despair，they heard the whistle of a car.
______
答案和解析
1.【答案】ental
【解析】答案：mental.形容词mental作定语修饰名词health。故填：mental。
痛苦的经历影响了她的身心健康。
考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
2~4.【答案】B、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。由文章第二段"If someone in my family were in Heather's situation，I would want somebody to step up and help me，" said Dempsey，who phoned the hospital and immediately started the testing.He wasn't sure what would happen to Krueger if he wasn't a match.（如果我家里有人遇到Heathe的情况，我希望有人站出来帮助我。他打电话给医院，立即开始了检测。他不确定如果不能配对，Krueger会怎么样。）可知，Dempsey 决定帮助Krueger是出于对他人的关心和善意。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。由文章第二段But a few weeks later，the tests came back.They were positive，and Dempsey was happy to give up to 55% of his liver to save Krueger's life.（但几周后，检测结果出来了。他们是阳性可配对的，Dempsey很高兴放弃了高达55%的肝脏来挽救Krueger的生命。）可知，Dempsey是一个十分善良的人。故选A项。
（3）推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段"She didn't look like a person who was sick.She was beautiful ，and she had this smile on her face the entire.time.It was amazing how high her spirits were." （她看起来不像一个生病的人。她很漂亮，脸上一直挂着笑容。令人惊讶的是，她的情绪如此高涨。）可知，尽管面临健康问题，Krueger始终保持着积极的生活态度。故选D项。
这篇文章讲述了Chris Dempsey如何听到他的同事Heather Krueger患有严重的肝病，然后主动进行肝移植手术，最终成功拯救了Krueger的生命。他们之间建立了深厚的友谊，并一起筹集资金支付Krueger的医疗费用。手术成功后，两人都很快康复出院。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
5~8.【答案】B、D、D、C
【解析】（1）词句指代题。根据第一段 Puffin Books，the publisher of UK writer Roald Dahl's classic children's books like Matilda and The Witches，came under fire in February due to their choice to cut out hundreds of impolite words such as "fat"and"ugly"in Roald Dahl's stories to make them more acceptable to modern readers. （今年2月，英国作家罗尔德•达尔的经典童书《玛蒂尔达》和《女巫们》的出版商海芬图书公司因在罗尔德•达尔的小说中删去"胖"、"丑"等数百个不礼貌的词汇，使其更容易被现代读者接受而受到抨击。）可知海雀图书公司出版的Roald Dahl精选小说中删除了数百个不礼貌的词汇，结合画线词所在句句意"尽管出版商声称他们的目的是让Dahl的书继续为今天的所有人所欣赏，但许多人仍然对这种做法感到愤怒"可知，"the practice （这种做法）"指上文提到的海雀图书公司从Roald Dahl的故事中删除了一些粗鲁的词语。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段If we start to change and adapt the great works instead of allowing readers to receive and react to books as written，we risk destroying the beauty that literature offers. （如果我们开始改变和改编伟大的作品，而不是让读者接受并对所写的书做出反应，我们就有可能破坏文学所提供的美）可知，Suzanne Nossel不同意改编伟大的作品，他认为它们应该原封不动地保存下来，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Personally，I believe in the intelligence of children to explore the world around them.It is the job of teachers，parents and that other adult guardians to help children understand that books are products of their times and that authors-even the best among them-are human beings with their own flaws（缺点）. （就我个人而言，我相信孩子们探索周围世界的智慧。教师、家长和其他成年监护人有责任帮助孩子们理解，书籍是他们所处时代的产物，而作者——即使是他们当中最优秀的作家——也是有其缺点的人）可知，作者认为孩子有探索事物的智慧，成年人应帮助他们理解书籍是时代的产物，即使是伟大的作者也有缺点，故作者反对改编Dahl的作品，故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据全文内容，第一段 Puffin Books，the publisher of UK writer Roald Dahl's classic children's books like Matilda and The Witches，came under fire in February due to their choice to cut out hundreds of impolite words such as "fat"and"ugly"in Roald Dahl's stories to make them more acceptable to modern readers.（今年2月，英国作家罗尔德•达尔的经典童书《玛蒂尔达》和《女巫们》的出版商海芬图书公司因在罗尔德•达尔的小说中删去"胖"、"丑"等数百个不礼貌的词汇，使其更容易被现代读者接受而受到抨击。）提出文章的主题，海雀图书公司从Roald Dahl的故事中删除了一些粗鲁的词语，下文是对这一做法不同的态度，故C项"伟大的作品：要不要重写"为最佳标题，故选C。
英国作家罗尔德•达尔的经典儿童图书出版商Puffin Books因剪辑达尔小说中的"肥胖"和"丑陋"等不礼貌词汇而引发争议。许多人对这种做法感到愤怒，认为文学作品应该被保留。儿童文学在塑造孩子的价值观和文化观方面具有重要作用，但是孩子们应该被赋予判断和筛选阅读材料的能力。在当前"假新闻"和虚假信息快速传播的时代，这种能力比以往任何时候都更为重要。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
9~12.【答案】B、B、C、A
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段划线词下文every time its beak （喙） hits wood.（它的喙每次敲击木头。）以及When you see these birds hitting their heads against a tree，we as humans get puzzled why they don't get headaches or brain damage.（当你看到这些鸟把头撞到树上时，我们人类会感到困惑，为什么它们不会头痛或脑损伤。）可知，人类感到困惑，啄木鸟敲击树干时为什么不会头痛或脑损伤，由此可知这是一个看似会造成伤害的行为，故catastrophic意为"造成损害的"，A.Useful有用的；B.Harmful有害的；C.Unrelated无关的；D.Little小的。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The video s showed some striking details.For example "they close their eyes at the moment they hit the wood.（视频显示了一些惊人的细节。例如，'它们在撞到木头的那一刻闭上了眼睛。）可知，视频显示啄木鸟啄树干时闭上眼睛。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Yet the woodpecker brain appeared unharmed，even after thousands of impacts in a single day.This is possible because of its small size and weight.（然而啄木鸟的大脑似乎没有受到伤害，即使在一天内受到数千次撞击。这是可能的，因为它的体积和重量小。）可知，根据Van Wassenbergh的说法，啄木鸟大脑微小的尺寸和重量保护其不受损伤。故选C。
（4）段落大意题。根据最后一段That idea was suggested in 2006 by Lorna Gibson，a professor at MIT.Now，it has been confirmed by the high-speed video.（这个想法是由麻省理工学院教授Lorna Gibson在2006年提出的。现在，高速视频已经证实了这一点。）可知，最后一段主要讲述Van Wassenbergh的视频证实了Lorna Gibson的理论，故选A。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了啄木鸟的头部结构，它们每次啄木时头部都会受到强烈的冲击，但它们的头部却不会受伤。之前的科学家认为啄木鸟的喙或头部内部的某些物质可以缓冲冲击，但研究者Sam Van Wassenbergh认为不是这样。他带领团队使用高速摄影记录了啄木鸟啄木的过程，发现它们会在啄木时闭上眼睛，以保护眼睛不受木屑伤害。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
13~17.【答案】F、A、C、D、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据本段小标题Rely on other people（依赖其他人）和上文Studies of both animals and humans show that social contact can help you better respond to stress.（对动物和人类的研究表明，社会接触可以帮助你更好地应对压力）可知，和别人接触能帮助你更好地应对压力，空处应是说因此要多接触别人，F项"因此，建立一个你可以求助的人际网络，并寻求一些有用的建议"符合语境，和上文形成因果关系，故选F。
（2）标题判断题。根据本段内容Leave the house 15 minutes early for appointments，set up a system for paying your bills，refill your daily supplies a week ahead of time and buy birthday cards whenever you see ones you like.A little advance planning can spare you a lot of headaches!（提前15分钟出门赴约，建立一个支付账单的系统，提前一周补充日常用品，看到喜欢的生日贺卡就买。一点点提前计划可以让你省去很多麻烦）可知，本段主要讲述将计划提前一些能省去很多麻烦，故A项"避免最后一分钟的匆忙"适合作为小标题，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据上文While writing them down，include everything that stresses you，so you can start to recognize what your problems are and take appropriate action.（在写下它们的时候，包括所有给你带来压力的事情，这样你就可以开始认识到你的问题是什么，并采取适当的行动）提到写日记的好处，分析选项，C项"写作也是一种放松和整理事物的好方法"进一步描述写日记的好处，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据下文For example，hire a neighbourhood teenager to water your garden or skip cooking and order takeaway.（例如，雇一个邻居家的少年给你的花园浇水，或者不做饭而叫外卖）"是对空处内容举例说明，故空处是关于让别人帮忙完成任务，D项"如果你不能减少某些任务，试着让别人来做"符合语境，故选D。
（5）细节理解题。根据下文Laughter also helps keep your heart，lungs and muscles healthy and build up your resistance （抵抗力）.（笑还有助于保持你的心脏、肺和肌肉的健康，增强你的抵抗力）中的"also"一词可知，空处也是描述笑的好处，G项"当你笑的时候，你会向大脑发送一种叫做内啡肽的化学物质，它可以缓解疼痛，促进你的幸福感"符合语境，故选G。
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了减轻压力的一些方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
18~32.【答案】A、C、B、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、D、C、A、B、C
【解析】（1）考查副词及语境理解。A.smoothly顺利地；B.carefully仔细地；C.deeply 深深地；D.quickly快速地。句意：起初，一切都很顺利：我通过了试音，甚至被邀请加入更挑剔的室内乐歌手。根据后文"I passed the audition（试音），and was even invited to join the more selective Chamber Singers"可知，起初一切进展顺利，故选A。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.scared害怕的；B.determined坚定的；C.frustrated沮丧的；D.absorbed全神贯注的。句意：然而，几次排练后，我很快就感到沮丧：从笑话到乐理，我根本听不懂他们在说什么！根据转折副词"However"和下文"From jokes to music theory，I simply couldn't understand what they were talking about!"可知，作者听不懂别人说的什么，故感到沮丧，故选C。
（3）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.looked out当心，向外看；B.pointed out指出；C.figured out解决，想出；D.turned out结果是，原来是。句意：当我指出别人的音高错误时，他们似乎不愿意接受。根据下文"they seemed unwilling to accept"可知，当作者指出错误时，他们似乎不愿意接受，故选B。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.normal正常的；B.incorrect不正确的；C.perfect完美的；D.regular定期的。句意：我保持沉默，即使我知道音调是错误的。根据上文"mistakes"可知，此处指音高是错误的，故选B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.pushed推；B.pressed按，压；C.selected选择；D.drew拉动，拖动。句意：去年的新年音乐会让我走出了困境。draw sb out of将某人从……处拉出来，故选D。
（6）考查固定短语及语境理解。A.satisfied with满足于；B.keen on喜爱；C.familiar with熟悉；D.eager for渴望。句意：当我们唱着"活着就是付出"的歌词时，我想："我怎么能满足于仅仅做一个沉默的亚洲人呢？"根据下文"I started my plan."可知，作者认为自己不应满足于只做一个沉默的人，故选A。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.audition试音；B.joke玩笑；C.concert音乐会；D.rehearsal排练。句意：音乐会结束后不久，我开始了我的计划。此处指上文提到的"New Year Concert"，故选C。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.hoped希望；B.managed设法做到；C.refused拒绝；D.failed失败。句意：在我的第二个学期，我成功地加入了所有的对话，并开始用我的识别音高的能力帮助其他歌手。根据下文"started to help fellow singers"可知，作者成功和其他人打成一片，manage to do sth设法做成某事，故选B。
（9）考查介词及语境理解。A.by通过；B.to朝；C.on在……上面；D.in在……里面，在……方面。句意：在我的第二个学期，我成功地加入了所有的对话，并开始用我的识别音高的能力帮助其他歌手。abilities in指"某方面的能力"，固定搭配，故选D。
（10）考查连词及语境理解。A.when当……时；B.while在……期间；C.before在……之前；D.unless除非。句意：我对要帮助别人的内容感到应接不暇，当更多的合唱团成员来找我闲聊时，我感到很兴奋。用when引导时间状语从句，while引导时间状语从句时从句用延续性动词，came是短暂性动词，故选A。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.respected尊重；B.postponed推迟，延期；C.attached粘贴，依附；D.appointed任命，安排。句意：从3月到5月，我被任命为四首不同歌曲的独奏者，这对大一学生来说是一个不同寻常的成就。根据下文"soloist （独唱者） for four different songs"可知，作者被任命为四首不同歌曲的独奏者，故选D。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.feature 特点；B.hobby兴趣；C.achievement成就；D.request要求。句意：从3月到5月，我被任命为四首不同歌曲的独奏者，这对大一学生来说是一个不同寻常的成就。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.performed表演；B.desired渴望；C.lacked缺乏；D.ignored忽视。句意：其中，我最喜欢的是一首西班牙民歌，是我们在合唱团春季巡回马德里演出时演奏的。根据前文的"song"和空后"during the choir's spring tour to Madrid"可知，此处指合唱团去马德里春季巡回演出时表演的歌曲，指故选A。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.launch发射，发起；B.serve服务，担任；C.assume假设，认为；D.announce宣布。句意：一个中国学生在美国唱诗班里唱着一首西班牙歌——我为自己担任跨文化交流大使感到多么自豪！根据空后"as an ambassador of cross-cultural communication"可知，此处指担任跨文化交流大使，故选B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.patience耐心；B.independence独立；C.peace和平；D.pride自豪。句意：当观众为我们鼓掌时，我看到了一个充满理解、和平和爱的更美好的世界。上文提到作者为担任跨文化交流大使感到自豪，结合本句中"a better world"可知，此处指一个充满理解、和平和爱的更美好的世界，故选C。
这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者去美国上大学的经历，作者在音乐方面很有天赋，加入校合唱团后，由最初的沮丧到最后用自己的实力获得了不同寻常的成就，为自己担任跨文化交流大使感到非常自豪。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
33.【答案】has made
【解析】（1）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，中国在太空探索方面取得了令人瞩目的成就。时间状语为over the past decade，句子用现在完成时，主语为The country，助动词用has，故填has made。
（2）考查不可数名词。句意：在过去的十年里，中国在太空探索方面取得了令人瞩目的成就。此处用名词作介词in的宾语，表示"探索"，为不可数名词，故填exploration。
（3）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：天宫空间站于2022年底建成。时间状语为at the end of 2022，句子用一般过去时，主语为The Tiangong space station，且与complete之间是被动关系，故填was completed。
（4）考查冠词。句意：它有三个主要部分：一个核心舱和两个科学实验室舱，通常由三名宇航员组成。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，core为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
（5）考查可数名词的复数。句意：它有三个主要部分：一个核心舱和两个科学实验室舱，通常由三名宇航员组成。空前有three修饰，故用名词的复数形式，故填astronauts。
（6）考查最高级。句意：在月球探测方面，自2007年以来，中国已经向离地球最近的邻居发射了五个机器人探测器。结合句意和the可知，此处用最高级，表示"最近的"，故填nearest。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：它的月球车"玉兔2号"已经在那里工作了近1600天，成为世界上运行时间最长的月球车。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Yutu 2，在从句中作主语，故填which。
（8）考查介词。句意：最近的一次任务是嫦娥五号，于2020年12月着陆，返回时携带了1731克月球岩石和土壤。with表示"伴随，携带"，符合句意，故填with。
（9）考查动名词。句意：此外，天问一号任务于2020年7月发射，在2021年2月进入火星轨道之前，飞行了超过4.7亿公里。此处用动名词作介词before的宾语，故填entering。
（10）考查动词不定式。句意：2021年5月，祝融号登月车着陆，使中国成为第二个成功发射火星探测器的国家。此处用动词不定式作定语修饰the second country，故填to send。
本文为说明文，主要讲述了在过去的十年里，中国在太空探索方面取得了令人瞩目的成就。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
34.【答案】mild
【解析】根据括号内词义，"温和的"可译为mild，形容词作表语。
故填：mild。
昆明的气候温和，这意味着它总是游览的好时机。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
35.【答案】surrounded
【解析】根据括号内词义，"包围"可译为surround，与house之间是动宾关系，为非谓语动词，用过去分词短语作后置定语。
故填：surrounded。
山脚下有一座木屋，四周环绕着高大的松树。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
36.【答案】relief
【解析】根据括号内词义，"宽慰"可译为relief，是不可数名词。
故填：relief。
看到儿子被医生治好后，母亲如释重负地笑了。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
37.【答案】origin
【解析】根据汉语提示"起源"可知，此处应用名词origin作宾语，且此处为"春节的起源"，为单数意义，所以用名词单数。
故填：origin。
关于春节的起源有各种各样的看法。
准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
38.【答案】scholarship
【解析】根据括号内词义，"奖学金"可译为scholarship，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数形式。
故填：scholarship。
获得奖学金后，珍妮觉得交学费的压力减轻了。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
39.【答案】ather
【解析】根据句意"不管我们有多忙，我们都会聚在一起庆祝春节。"结合首字母，考虑gather"聚集"，助动词will后接动词原形。
故填：gather。
不管我们有多忙，我们都会聚在一起庆祝春节。
考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
40.【答案】pportunity
【解析】根据句意"抓住每一个教育人们全球变暖的机会是我们的责任。"结合首字母，考虑opportunity"机会"，是可数名词，根据句中every要用单数形式。
故填：opportunity。
抓住每一个教育人们全球变暖的机会是我们的责任。
考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
41.【答案】rank
【解析】根据句意结合首字母，考虑frank"坦率的，直白的"是形容词，to be frank"坦率地说"是固定用法。
故填：frank。
坦率地说，昨晚的烟火真的很烦人。
对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
42.【答案】dmitted
【解析】根据句意"我不知道今年有多少学生被学校录取了。"结合首字母，考虑admit"允许进入"，与students之间是动宾关系，根据句中have been要用现在完成时被动语态。
故填：admitted。
我不知道今年有多少学生被学校录取了。
考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
43.【答案】Dear Chris,
How are you doing these days？I'm writing to ask you some advice.（阐明写信事由）
In order to promote Chinese traditional culture and post some class meetings on English websites,our school is going to organise class meetings,the theme of which is traditional Chinese culture.【高分句型一】We can choose a variety of themes,such as calligraphy,martial arts,oil paintings,papercutting and so on.I'm wondering if you could let me know which of them you like best and which of them people from outside of China are more likely to be interested in.【高分句型二】（征求意见）
Thank you for your help.I'd appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.（表示感谢）
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：In order to promote Chinese traditional culture and post some class meetings on English websites,our school is going to organise class meetings,the theme of which is traditional Chinese culture.
译文：为了弘扬中国传统文化，并在英语网站上发布一些班会，我们学校将组织以中国传统文化为主题的班会。
分析：这句话使用了the theme of which引导非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：I'm wondering if you could let me know which of them you like best and which of them people from outside of China are more likely to be interested in.
译文：我想知道你是否可以让我知道你最喜欢哪一个，以及哪些来自中国以外的人更感兴趣。
分析：这句话使用了if引导宾语从句，and连接两个which引导的宾语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
44.【答案】Pooh turned the key and tried to start the car，but it wouldn't move.The engine made a feeble attempt，sputtering before falling silent.【高分句型一】Frustration crept into their hearts as they realized they were now stranded in the desolate suburban streets.With a heavy sigh，Richie glanced at Pooh，her eyes filled with worry.【高分句型二】They knew they had to find a solution soon before their fears became a reality.（汽车启动不了，两个人感到绝望）
On the edge of despair，they heard the whistle of a car.Their hearts skipped a beat as a glimmer of hope sparked within them.Turning their heads，they saw headlights approaching from a distance.Relief washed over Richie and Pooh，and they waved their arms frantically，signaling for help.The car slowed down，and a kind stranger rolled down the window，offering assistance.At that moment，the weight of their anxiety began to lift，and they realized that their journey was not over just yet.（他们得到了陌生人的帮助）
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了Richie和丈夫Pooh去Cape Cod玩，他们没有让女儿接，而是自己开车去，在Cape Cod玩到很晚，结果发现两人迷路了。手机电池没有电了。
高分句型一：The engine made a feeble attempt，sputtering before falling silent.
译文：发动机做了一次微弱的尝试，在熄火之前发出了刺耳的声音。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语sputtering before falling silent作状语。
高分句型二：With a heavy sigh，Richie glanced at Pooh，her eyes filled with worry.
译文：Richie叹了一口气，瞥了一眼Pooh，眼里满是忧虑。
分析：这句话使用了her eyes filled with worry，这是独立主格结构。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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