2022-2023学年湖南省株洲市炎陵县高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省株洲市炎陵县高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年湖南省株洲市炎陵县高一（下）期末英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
The Best Hiking near New York City
If you want to go hiking near New York City，you're in luck.These trails （小径） can meet your needs.
Yellow Trail at Mount Beacon
Consider this 2.5-mile trail if you don't have enough time.You can go on a quick but difficult hike there that sends you straight up the Mount Beacon.You can take in beautiful views similar to its more popular neighbors there.You can even watch the sunset.To get there，take Metro-North to Beacon and then take a 5-minute walk to the beginning of the trail.
Stairway to Heaven Trail
The trail lies about 50 miles outside the city，but it allows you to get everything you ever wanted in a hike.You'll get good exercise if you choose the 7.3-mile "Stairway to Heaven".Take NJ Transit bus route 196 or 197 to Warwick，New York，and it's just a 10-minute taxi ride to the beginning of the trail.
Camp Smith Trail
This 3.5-mile hike is great for a day trip by yourself.With fairly easy landform （地形），even your four-legged friend can join you on the trail.Take the Metro-North Hudson line to Peekskill Station for free buses or trains to the Bear Mountain Inn.And you can hike up to see unbelievable Hudson Valley view.
Ice Caves and Verkeerderkill Falls Trail
Along the 7-mile trail，you will get through the passages of the Ice Caves and walk past Verkeerderkill Falls.The trail is the highest waterfall trail in the Shawangunks.Take the Short Line bus from New York to nearby Ellenville and then take a 14-minute taxi ride to Sam's Point Preserve.
1. What can you do if you choose Yellow Trail at Mount Beacon？ ______
A. Watch the waterfall. B. Enjoy the beauty of nature.
C. Have team sports in the wild. D. Experience mountain biking.
2. Which trail best suits those who want to hike with their pet dogs？ ______
A. Yellow Trail at Mount Beacon.
B. Stairway to Heaven Trail.
C. Camp Smith Trail.
D. Ice Caves and Verkeerderkill Falls Trail.
3. What do the four trails have in common？ ______
A. They are easy to get to.
B. They are near the city center.
C. They are suitable for small kids.
D. They attract many hikers every year.
B
A farmer had some puppies he needed to sell.As he was putting up a sign to sell the puppies，he felt a pull on his trousers.He looked down into the eyes of a little boy.
"Sir，" he said， "I want to buy one of your puppies."
"Well，" said the farmer， "these puppies come from fine parents and cost a large number of money."
The boy dropped his head for a moment.Then reaching deep into his pocket，he pulled out a handful of change.
"I've got 89 cents.Is that enough at least to take a look？"
"Sure，" said the farmer. "Here，Dolly!" he called.Out from the doghouse ran Dolly followed by four little balls of fur.
The little boy pressed his face against the fence.His eyes danced with joy.As the dogs made their way to the fence，the little boy noticed something else moving inside the doghouse.
Slowly another little fur ball appeared，this one noticeably smaller，wobbling（蹒跚） toward the others，doing its best to catch up.
"I want that one， "the little boy said，pointing to the little dog.
The farmer knelt down at the boy's side and said， "Son，you don't want that puppy.He will never be able to run and play with you like these other dogs would."
Hearing that，the little boy stepped back from the fence，reached down，and began rolling up one leg of his trousers.There was a disabled （残疾的） leg with a specially made shoe attached to it.Looking back up at the farmer，he said， "You see，sir，I don't run too well myself，and he will need someone who understands."
With tears in his eyes，the farmer reached down and picked up the little pup.Holding it carefully he handed it to the little boy.
"How much？" asked the little boy.
"No charge（收费），" answered the farmer， "There's no charge for love and understanding."
4. What did the farmer sell？ ______
A. Signs. B. Puppies. C. Balls. D. Trousers.
5. The farmer charged the boy nothing because ______ .
A. he lost his patience B. he wanted to be praised
C. he was moved by the boy D. he didn't want the sick puppy
6. What can we learn from this passage？ ______
A. Dogs are our best friends.
B. A smaller dog can also run fast.
C. Love and understanding is priceless.
D. The higher the price，the better the goods.
7. The reason why the little boy was a disabled was that ______ .
A. he was beaten by the farmer. B. he was bitten by the dog.
C. he was knocked down by the car. D. the writer didn't mention it.
C
Do you listen to the songs that your parents like？Chances are that you don't.You probably think the music that they like is old and dull and that the songs on your playlist are much cooler.
But here is what scientists found recently：people's music tastes change as they age，according to a study published in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.So it's likely that your own musical preference will follow a similar path to your parents'，whether you like it or not.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge，UK，collected data （资料） from more than 250，000 people over the past 10 years.They noticed that as people age，their social circumstances （环境） change，and so does their music taste.
There are three musical periods that people pass through as they grow.
The first period comes in the teenage years，during which time people like punk and rock because teenagers want people to regard them as independent individuals （个体）.
But as people move into early adulthood （成年），their lifestyle changes—they get to know more people and want to build close relationships with others.As a result，they prefer pop and R&；B，which are often played at parties where people hang out together and chat.
When middle age comes，people like to listen to jazz and classical.They also like country，folk，and blues.
"During this period of life，many people often feel tired because of their work and family，and there is a requirement for relaxing and emotive （动情的） music，" said Jason Rentfrow，a research member.
But you must be thinking： "Aren't there old people who still love rock music？" Of course there are.But Rentfrow explained that their reasons for listening to rock music may have changed. "We use music for different reasons，" he said，and at that age people may listen to remind themselves of their youths.
8. The underlined word " dull" in Paragraph 1 most probably means " ______ ".
A. hot B. sick C. enjoyable D. boring
9. Mike is twenty years old.What kind of music does he most probably like？ ______
A. Pop. B. Jazz. C. Country. D. Classical.
10. According to Jason Rentfrow，middle age is a period when people ______ .
A. feel relaxed about their work B. are under much stress
C. want to stay with their family D. like all kinds of music
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for this passage？ ______
A. Why Do People Listen to Music？
B. What Influences People's Music Taste？
C. Do You Have a Talent for Music？
D. Do Young People Like Classical Music？
D
     By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner. "I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance."
    Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
    "A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot." Mr Titterton explained. Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of "nodding" to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
    But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. "I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand," Mr Titterton said, "Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back."
    Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
    "My husband is the worst page turner," she laughed. "He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: 'Turn, turn!' Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life."
12. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner？
A. Read music. B. Play the piano.
C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments.
13. Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage?
A. Boring. B. Well-paid. C. Demanding. D. Dangerous.
14. What does Titterton need to practise?
A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the "nodding".
C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style.
15. Why is Ms Raspopova's husband "the worse page turner"?
A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience.
C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Why Live Near the River？
Imagine pioneers traveling west in the 1800s.In those days，it was hard to find running water and shops where to buy things.As time went by，most pioneers had to make their homes near a river so that they could get water easily.
How did rivers help people live in the past？
Back in the pioneer days，people grew their own food，caught their own fish，and collected their own water.（1） ______ People also used rivers as roads，traveling on boats.Traders shipped goods （货物） to people from other areas.
（ 2） ______
When building many factories right next to rivers for the water's power to make machines work，some people choose to live near a river for working.They use the river to ship large goods，and some of them work at these factories where power factories provide electricity to homes and businesses.（3） ______
Who wouldn't want to live near a river？
Some people are nervous about living near rivers because rivers can cause floods （洪水）.Every once in a while，floodwaters rise higher than a house，ruining （泡坏） many things in the house.
（ 4） ______ Such waste causes water to smell bad and pollutes the crops （庄稼） we eat.Water and crops in polluted areas can make people very sick.
How do people decide where to live？
（ 5） ______ Rivers can provide jobs and fun activities in a beautiful place.However，those living by rivers should be willing to accept possible problems as well.

A.Why do people live near rivers now？
B.Why did people want to live near a river？
C.Some factories put their waste into rivers.
D.Staying close to a river was easy to get water for living.
E.Some factories stop waste water from running into rivers.
F.People who carry goods onto ships live near the river，too.
G.People should think over the possible risks before deciding where to live.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
One of the greatest things about getting out of the city is heading into nature and really communing with（与……融为一体）the Earth and wildlife.But sometimes，the(21) finds its way into the city.
A man named Tom Bell lives in London.When he went up to his rooftop to take a break one day，he realized he wasn't alone .But don't worry.His (22) was of the fuzzy（毛茸茸的）variety.A wild fox had made its way up to the roof just in time to (23) the sunset.It was getting (24) and cold，but fortunately，there was a blanket laid out and ready for it!The tired fox just wanted to have a sleep.
Tom quickly (25) the event online with the world and received many likes .People were obviously (26) by the truly unbothered fox. (27) the lucky man，the fox got up there through the fire escape.A man named Steve even played it some music to make sure the fox had the (28) evening!
In fact，London is home to many foxes， (29) not all of them are this cute and beautiful.They've come to be called urban foxes and they began to make themselves (30) in London back in the 1930s when the city' s growth started (31) their natural territory（领地）．And they live in cities all over England.It is supposed that there's a population of about 33，000 urban foxes in total in the country.
Once Tom shared his (32) house guest，others around London also started (33) photos of their urban foxes!Well，it's probably safe to say that we're a little envious（羡慕的） of these lucky persons and their fuzzy visitors.It is(34) to see that people and the wilderness can live together(35) .
21.  A. sunlight B. road C. photo D. wilderness
22.  A. visitor B. neighbor C. friend D. audience
23.  A. overlook B. follow C. catch D. mark
24.  A. wet B. quiet C. risky D. dark
25.  A. read B. found C. shared D. checked
26.  A. encouraged B. attracted C. confused D. supported
27.  A. Because of B. According to C. Instead of D. Expect for
28.  A. perfect B. eventful C. stormy D. final
29.  A. if B. and C. or D. but
30.  A. out of danger B. above average C. on the site D. at home
31.  A. enlarging B. entering C. surrounding D. dividing
32.  A. imaginary B. trusted C. lifelong D. beloved
33.  A. posting B. collecting C. editing D. printing
34.  A. amusing B. important C. amazing D. common
35.  A. legally B. peacefully C. informally D. confidently
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. To enter and enjoy the world of dreams and magic,we need (1) （enjoy ） and understand literature.The first step is to determine some of (2) （it） significant qualities.
The first quality of literature is its (3) （describe） of truth and beauty.Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed (4) a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention.The second quality of literature is its appeal (5) our feelings and imagination.Its attraction lies (6) （much） in what it awakens in us than (7) it says.The third quality of literature is its permanence.Good literature (8) （reflect） the most basic of human nature and also takes on (9) personal style.
In summary,literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty,the (10) （write） record of man's thought and feelings and the history of the human soul.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，请给你的外教 Jim 写一封邮件，邀请他参加你们年级举行的英语读书会（reading circle）活动。
邮件的内容包括：
（1）介绍读书活动的相关信息（例如：时间、地点、活动内容等）；
（2）说明你发出邀请的原因；
（3）询问对方的意向。
注意：（1）词数 100 字左右；（ 2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
____________
Yours，
Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
One day my grandfather gave me a gift - a piggy bank.It had an opening through which one could put money in,but the opening was not big enough to reach in and get the money out.The only way to get at the money was to break the piggy bank open.My grandfather explained that was the whole idea；the piggy bank would help save my money so that,at the end of the year,I might have enough for that bike I dreamt about.He asked if I would put so me of the money he gave me into the piggy bank.I agreed immediately and promised that I wouldn't break it open until I could afford my dream bike.
Whenever he gave me a little bit of money,he would say,"This is for spending.But you can save so me and put it in the piggy bank if you want to save it up." When he gave me larger amounts,it was clearly for saving in the piggy bank.For some time,this worked fine.I loved shaking the piggy bank and hearing the sound of the coins.As it became heavier,I grew more excited,dreaming about buying my new bike,and all the adventures I could have on it.
Whenever I wanted to take some money from the piggy bank to buy delicious ice-creams or beautiful pens,I would imagine riding my bike on the street,and thinking of that,my thoughts about ice-creams or pens went away.So for almost six months,I only put money into the piggy bank without taking any out.I thought I wouldn't break my piggy bank for anything.But one day something unexpected happened.I saw a piece of news on the television that a serious earthquake had happened in a nearby province.As many houses were destroyed,a lot of children became homeless.Seeing their shabby clothes and crying faces,I was sleepless that night.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
I knew I should do something.____________
Paragraph 2：
My grandfather was surprised by my behavior.____________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Yellow Trail at Mount Beacon部分You can take in beautiful views similar to its more popular neighbors there.You can even watch the sunset.（ 在那里你可以欣赏到与更受欢迎的邻近地区相似的景色。你甚至还可以观赏日落）可知，如果你选择Yellow Trail at Mount Beacon路线，你可以欣赏自然美景。所以"B．Enjoy the beauty of nature.欣赏大自然的美丽。"正确。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Camp Smith Trail部分的第二句With fairly easy landform （地形），even your four-legged friend can join you on the trail.（地形相当简单，甚至你四条腿的朋友也可以加入你的徒步旅行）可知，Camp Smith Trail这条路线最适合那些想带着宠物狗一起去徒步的人。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Yellow Trail at Mount Beacon部分To get there，take Metro-North to Beacon and then take a 5-minute walk to the beginning of the trail.（要到达那里，请乘坐Metro-North到Beacon，然后步行5分钟到小径的起点）、Stairway to Heaven Trail部分Take NJ Transit bus route 196 or 197 to Warwick，New York，and it's just a 10-minute taxi ride to the beginning of the trail.（乘坐NJ Transit巴士196或197路到纽约沃里克，只需10分钟的出租车车程即可到达小径的起点）"、Camp Smith Trail部分倒数第二句"Take the Metro-North Hudson line to Peekskill Station for free buses or trains to the Bear Mountain Inn.（乘坐地铁-北哈德逊线到皮克斯基尔站，乘坐免费巴士或火车到熊山酒店）和Ice Caves and Verkeerderkill Falls Trail部分Take the Short Line bus from New York to nearby Ellenville and then take a 14-minute taxi ride to Sam's Point Preserve.（从纽约乘坐短途巴士到附近的埃伦维尔，然后乘坐14分钟的出租车到山姆角保护区）可知，这四条路线都有便利的交通，即它们易于前往。所以"A．They are easy to get to.它们很容易到达。"正确。故选A。
这篇短文主要介绍了纽约市附近的最佳徒步旅行路线。首先介绍了位于Mount Beacon的Yellow Trail，这是一条2.5英里的小径，适合那些时间有限但想要进行困难徒步的人。然后介绍了位于50英里外的Stairway to Heaven Trail，这是一条7.3英里的小径，可以通过乘坐NJ Transit巴士到达。接着介绍了Camp Smith Trail，这是一条3.5英里的小径，适合独自一人的一日游，可以乘坐Metro-North火车到达。最后介绍了Ice Caves and Verkeerderkill Falls Trail，这是一条7英里的小径，可以乘坐Short Line巴士到达。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4~7.【答案】B、C、C、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的A farmer had some puppies he needed to sell.As he was putting up a sign to sell the puppies，he felt a pull on his trousers.（一个农夫有几只小狗要卖。当他正在张贴出售小狗的告示时，他感到有人拉了他的裤子一把。）可知，农民卖的是小狗。A.Signs.标志；B.Puppies.小狗；C.Balls.球；D.Trousers.裤子。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段With tears in his eyes，the farmer reached down and picked up the little pup.Holding it carefully he handed it to the little boy.（农夫眼里含着泪水，弯下腰把小狗抱了起来。他小心翼翼地拿着它递给小男孩。）以及最后一段"No charge（收费），"answered the farmer，"There's no charge for love and understanding."（"不收费，"农夫回答说，"爱和理解是不收费的。"）可推知，农夫被那个男孩感动了，所以不收男孩一分钱。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了一个残疾小男孩去买小狗，然后他看到一条残疾的小狗，感同身受，想要买它，而卖狗的农夫深受感动，决定把小狗送给他，以及最后一段"No charge（收费），"answered the farmer，"There's no charge for love and understanding."（"不收费，"农夫回答说，"爱和理解是不收费的。"）可推知，我们能从这篇文章中学到爱和理解是无价的。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者在文中并没有提到这个小男孩残疾的原因。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个残疾小男孩去买小狗，然后他看到一条残疾的小狗，感同身受，想要买它，而卖狗的农夫深受感动，决定把小狗送给他。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】D、A、B、B
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段的Do you listen to the songs that your parents like？Chances are that you don't.You probably think the music that they like is old.（你听你父母喜欢的歌吗？很可能你不喜欢。你可能认为他们喜欢的音乐已经过时了）可知，在你看来，父母喜欢的音乐因为过时而"无聊"，由此推测boring可以解释dull。A．hot热的；B．sick生病的；C．enjoyable享受的；D．boring令人乏味的。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第六段的But as people move into early adulthood，their lifestyle changes—they get to know more people and want to build close relationships with others.As a result，they prefer pop and R&B，which are often played at parties where people hang out together and chat.（但随着人们步入早期成年阶段，他们的生活方式发生了变化，他们认识了更多的人，并希望与他人建立密切的关系。因此，他们更喜欢流行乐和节奏蓝调，这两种音乐经常在聚会上播放，人们在聚会上一起聊天）推知，20岁的Mike步入了早期成年阶段，因此会喜欢流行音乐。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第七段的When middle age comes.（当中年来临时）及第八段的During this period of life，many people often feel tired because of their work and family.（在这段生活中，许多人经常因为工作和家庭而感到疲惫）可知，中年时期人们感到压力很大。A．feel relaxed about their work对他们的工作感到轻松；B．are under much stress压力很大；C．want to stay with their family想和家人呆在一起；D．like all kinds of music喜欢各种音乐。故选B。
（4）标题判断题。根据第二段的But here is what scientists found recently：people's music tastes change as they age，according to a study published in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. （但科学家们最近发现：根据发表在《个性与社会心理学杂志》上的一项研究，人们的音乐品味随着年龄的增长而变化）和第四段的There are three musical periods that people pass through as they grow.（人们在成长过程中会经历三个音乐时期）及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了人们的音乐品味会随着年龄的增长而变化并分阶段分析了相应的原因，因此B项（什么影响了人们的音乐品味？）适合作标题。故选B。
这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了人们的音乐品味会随着年龄的增长而变化以及原因。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】A、C、B、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文讲述了Titterton作为一个钢琴翻页者应该具有的素质和要求。
1. 根据原文第一段"I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance."（我不是一个受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了读谱，所以我可以帮助玛丽亚的表演。）可知Titterton应该会读谱才能成为一个翻页者。故选A。
2. 根据原文第三段"A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot."（“这份工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页，当你必须回到正确的位置时，你必须确保你找到了音乐中的重复部分。”）可知最能描述Titterton舞台上的工作的是“高要求的”。故选C。
3. 根据原文第三段Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of "nodding" to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.（舞台上无声的交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”方式来表示翻页，他们需要与翻页师练习。）可知，Titterton需要练习辨识“点头”。故选B。
4. 根据原文最后一段He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: 'Turn, turn!'（他对音乐很感兴趣，感知到每个音符，我不得不说：“翻，翻！”）可知，Raspopova的丈夫是“最糟糕的翻页者”的原因是他忘了做他的工作。故选D。

16~20.【答案】D、A、F、C、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文Back in the pioneer days，people grew their own food，caught their own fish，and collected their own water（早在拓荒者时代，人们自己种植食物，自己捕鱼，自己取水），以及后文People also used rivers as roads，traveling on boats（人们还利用河流作为道路，乘船旅行），可知D选项"住在河边很容易获得生活用水"可以承接前文取水的话题，和后句一起介绍人们可以利用河流干什么，故选D。
（2）主题判断题。根据后文When building many factories right next to rivers for the water's power to make machines work，some people choose to live near a river for working.They use the river to ship large goods，and some of them work at these factories where power factories provide electricity to homes and businesses（当许多工厂建在河边，利用水力使机器工作时，有些人选择住在河边工作。他们利用这条河运输大件货物，其中一些人在这些工厂工作，那里的发电厂为家庭和企业提供电力），可知A选项"为什么人们现在住在河边"可作为本段的小标题，引出后文分析现在人们选择住在河边的原因，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据前文When building many factories right next to rivers for the water's power to make machines work，some people choose to live near a river for working.They use the river to ship large goods，and some of them work at these factories where power factories provide electricity to homes and businesses（当许多工厂建在河边，利用水力使机器工作时，有些人选择住在河边工作。他们利用这条河运输大件货物，其中一些人在这些工厂工作，那里的发电厂为家庭和企业提供电力），可知F选项"搬运货物上船的人也住在河边"可以承接上文，说明住在河边工作的人还有谁，故选F。
（4）推理判断题。根据后文Such waste causes water to smell bad and pollutes the crops （庄稼） we eat.Water and crops in polluted areas can make people very sick（这些废物使水散发出难闻的气味，污染了我们吃的庄稼。污染地区的水和农作物会使人病得很重），可知C选项"有些工厂把废物排入河里"引起后文，说明是工厂把废物排到河里，从而带来不好影响，故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据后文Rivers can provide jobs and fun activities in a beautiful place.However，those living by rivers should be willing to accept possible problems as well（河流可以在一个美丽的地方提供工作和有趣的活动。然而，那些生活在河边的人也应该愿意接受可能出现的问题），可知G选项"在决定住在哪里之前，人们应该考虑一下可能的风险"引起后文，说明住在河边有好处也有坏处，所以在决定前要考虑清楚，故选G。
这是一篇说明文，作者分析了人们住在和不想住在河流附近的原因以及人们选择住在哪里考虑的因素。
做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】D、A、C、D、C、B、B、A、D、D、B、D、A、C、B
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.sunlight阳光；B.road道路；C.photo照片；D.wilderness荒野。句意：离开城市最棒的事情之一就是走进大自然，真正地与地球和野生动物交流。但有时，大自然也会以自己的方式存在于城市里。根据前面的"But sometimes"可知，上下文有转折关系，人类可以到大自然中去，但大自然也可以存在于城市。故选D项。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.visitor拜访者；B.neighbor邻居；C.friend朋友；D.audience听众，观众。句意：他的拜访者是一只毛茸茸的品种。根据最后一段"Well，it's probably safe to say that we're a little envious（羡慕的） of these lucky persons and their fuzzy visitors."可知，这里说的狐狸是一个拜访者。故选A项。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.overlook忽视；B.follow跟随；C.catch观看；D.mark标记。句意：一只野狐狸爬上了屋顶，正好赶上观看日落。根据前面的"in time"可知，狐狸正好赶上观看日落。故选C项。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.wet潮湿的；B.quiet安静的；C.risky有危险的；D.dark黑暗的，昏暗的。句意：天气逐渐暗下来并且冷起来，但幸运的是，有一个毯子铺开且为它准备好了!疲惫的狐狸只想睡一觉。根据前面的"A wild fox had made its way up to the roof just in time to catch the sunset."可知，这里说的是日落之后的天气，日落之后天空暗下来。故选D项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.read阅读；B.found发现；C.shared分享；D.checked 检查，核对。句意：Tom很快在网上分享了这件事并且得到了许多的点赞。根据"and received many likes"可知，Tom肯定是在网络上分享了这件事。故选C项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.encouraged鼓励；B.attracted吸引；C.confused困惑；D.supported支持。句意：人们显然被这只不打扰人的狐狸所吸引了。根据"and received many likes"可知，Tom在网络上分享了这件事，吸引了很多的人。故选B项。
（7）考查固定搭配及语境理解。A.Because of由于；B.According to根据；C.Instead of代替，而不是；D.Expect for除了。句意：根据这个幸运的人的说法，这只狐狸是通过防火梯爬上去的。这里指的是Tom分享了狐狸的事情，并说狐狸是从消防梯爬上去的。故选B项。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.perfect 完美的；B.eventful充满大事的，多变故的；C.stormy有暴风雨的，激烈的；D.final最后的。句意：一个名叫史蒂夫的人甚至给它放了一些音乐，以确保狐狸有一个完美的晚上!根据前面的"A man named Steve even played it some music"可知，放音乐是为了让狐狸更加的享受和放松。故选A项。
（9）考查连词及语境理解。A.if如果；B.and和，而且；C.or或者，否则；D.but但是，然而。句意：事实上，伦敦有很多狐狸，但并不是所有的狐狸都这么可爱和漂亮。根据后面的"not all of them are this cute and beautiful"可知，这里是表示转折。故选D项。
（10）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.out of danger脱离危险；B.above average平均以上；在一般水准以上；C.on the site现场；D.at home在家，在国内。句意：他们被称为城市狐狸，早在20世纪30年代，当伦敦开始发展并且当城市的发展开始进入他们的自然领地的时候，他们就开始在伦敦安家落户。根据上文"They've come to be called urban foxes"可知，狐狸开始在伦敦安家落户。故选D项。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.enlarging扩大；B.entering进入；C.surrounding围绕；D.dividing分开。句意：他们被称为城市狐狸，早在20世纪30年代，当伦敦开始发展并且当城市的发展开始进入他们的自然领地的时候，他们就开始在伦敦安家落户。结合常识和"the city' s growth"可推知，城市的扩张进入到了狐狸的自然领土。故选B项。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.imaginary想象的，虚构的；B.trusted可信的，可靠的；C.lifelong终身的；D.beloved钟爱的。句意：汤姆一分享了他心爱的住客，伦敦周围的其他人也开始上传他们的城市狐狸的照片!根据前文"but not all of them are this cute and beautiful"可知，狐狸很可爱，Tom非常钟爱它。故选D项。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.posting上传；B.collecting收集，收藏；C.editing编辑；D.printing打印。句意：汤姆一分享了他心爱的住客，伦敦周围的其他人也开始上传他们的城市狐狸的照片!根据前文"Tom quickly shared the event online with the world and received many likes"可知，这里所说的分享都是指在网络上上传。故选A项。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.amusing逗人发笑的，有趣的；B.important重要的；C.amazing令人惊叹的；D.common 共同的，普遍的。句意：看到人类与自然能够和谐地相处是很令人惊叹的。根据常识可知，人类与自然和谐共处是一件了不起的事情。故选C项。
（15）考查副词及语境理解。A.legally合法地；B.peacefully平静地；C.informally非正式地；D.confidently 自信地。句意：看到人与自然能够和谐地相处是很令人惊叹的。根据文章理解，这里是说狐狸和人类和谐相处。故选B项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了住在伦敦的Tom 无意之中在自家房顶上发现了一只城市狐狸，并且把这件事分享到了网络上，引起了很多人也分享了自己遇到狐狸的故事，体现了人与自然的和谐共处。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

36.【答案】【小题1】to enjoy/enjoy
【小题2】its
【小题3】description
【小题4】until
【小题5】to
【小题6】more
【小题7】what
【小题8】reflects
【小题9】a
【小题10】written
【解析】（1）to enjoy/enjoy.考查动词不定式或情态动词。句意：要进入和享受梦幻和魔法的世界，我们需要欣赏和理解文学。need"需要"作实义动词讲时，后接动词不定式；或作情态动词讲时，后接动词原形。故填to enjoy/enjoy。
（2）its.考查代词。句意：第一步是确定它的一些重要品质。significant qualities是名词词组，用形容词性物主代词its作定语。故填its。
（3）description.考查名词。句意：文学的第一品质是对真和美的描述。its是形容词性物主代词，后接名词作表语，description是不可数名词。故填description。
（4）until.考查连词。句意：有些真与美是不为人所知的，直到一个敏感的人类灵魂将它们呈现给我们。until"直到"，引导时间状语从句。故填until。
（5）to.考查介词。句意：文学的第二个特点是它对我们感情和想象的吸引力。appeal to"对……的吸引力"，是固定搭配。故填to。
（6）more.考查副词比较级。句意：它的吸引力更多地在于它唤醒了我们，而不是它说了什么。根据句中than要用副词比较级more修饰动词lies。故填more。
（7）what.考查代词。句意：它的吸引力更多地在于它唤醒了我们，而不是它说了什么。says是及物动词，用what作其宾语，同时引导从句。故填what。
（8）reflects.考查主谓一致。句意：好的文学既反映了人性最基本的一面，又具有个人风格。句中缺少谓语，用动词作谓语，因表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时，主语literature是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填reflects。
（9）a.考查不定冠词。句意：好的文学既反映了人性最基本的一面，又具有个人风格。style是可数名词，单数形式前加不定冠词a/an表示泛指，因personal读音以发辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
（10）written.考查过去分词。句意：总而言之，文学是以真与美的形式表达生命，是人类思想感情的书面记录，是人类灵魂的历史。record是名词，用形容词written作定语修饰名词record。故填written。
本文主要介绍如何欣赏和理解文学。第一步是确定它的一些重要品质；第二个特点是它对我们感情和想象的吸引力；好的文学既反映了人性最基本的一面，又具有个人风格。总而言之，文学是以真与美的形式表达生命，是人类思想感情的书面记录，是人类灵魂的历史。
在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。

37.【答案】Dear Jim，
       I hope that everything goes on well with you．I'm writing to invite you to join us in the English reading circle to be held in our school．We'll feel honored if you are present．【高分句型一】（提出邀请）
      The activity is scheduled at 8：00 am this Friday in the auditorium．（时间地点）Aiming to improve the students' understanding of the beauty of foreign literature，the reading circle will allow students to communicate with each other face to face，sharing their own reading experience together．As we consider that you can give us some professional introductions to English literature and some valuable suggestions on English reading，we sincerely hope you can come to join us．【高分句型二】（说明你发出邀请的原因）
      Would you be kind enough to spare some time for us？Thank you in advance．Hope to hear from you soon．（询问对方的意向）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：We'll feel honored if you are present.
翻译：如果你在场，我们将感到荣幸。
分析：本句使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
高分句型二：As we consider that you can give us some professional introductions to English literature and some valuable suggestions on English reading，we sincerely hope you can come to join us.
翻译：我们认为你可以给我们一些关于英语文学的专业介绍和一些关于英语阅读的宝贵建议，我们真诚地希望你能加入我们。
分析：本句使用了that引导的宾语从句。
书信类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

38.【答案】I knew I should do something.I went to my piggy bank and was about to break it and withdraw money when my mind came back to the bike I wanted to buy,and I hesitated.Thinking of the look in the eyes of the children hoping for help in the earthquake,I grabbed the piggy bank and threw it to the ground.【高分句型一】Suddenly,the coins rolled all over the floor.   "Yes,those children need help and need the money more."   I said to myself.（作者最终决定打破存钱罐，把钱捐给地震灾区的孩子们）
My grandfather was surprised by my behavior.When he realized what had happened,he fondly touched my head and said, "Good boy,you did the right thing.Grandpa is proud of you." 【高分句型二】He continued,"My dear grandson,you deserve that bicycle.As a bonus,let's buy that bike together now.Then,go for a spring outing by bike.   "Thank you,Grandpa." I was overwhelmed with happiness.（爷爷了解了事情的经过后做出的决定）
【解析】本文为记叙文，讲述了爷爷送我一个存钱罐，我努力的存钱，想要买自己心仪的自行车。当看到临近省份发生了地震的电视新闻后，我决定把钱捐给地震灾区的孩子们。
高分句型一：Thinking of the look in the eyes of the children hoping for help in the earthquake,I grabbed the piggy bank and threw it to the ground.
译文：想到孩子们在地震中希望得到帮助的眼神，我抓起存钱罐，把它扔到地上。
分析：这句话使用现在分词短语作状语。
高分句型二：When he realized what had happened,he fondly touched my head and said, "Good boy,you did the right thing.Grandpa is proud of you."
译文：当他意识到发生了什么时，他深情地抚摸着我的头说："好孩子，你做得对。爷爷为你感到骄傲。"
分析：这句话使用when引导时间状语从句，what引导宾语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
     每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
     （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
     一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
     （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
     根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
     （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
     在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。