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第10讲 Unit 2 Travelling Around
目标 1
掌握重点单词和词块的用法。
目标 2
认识并运用重点句型。
一、 核心单词讲解
1. apply vt.涂(油漆、乳剂)，敷: 应用: 运用申请:适用vi.申请;使用application n.
用法: apply sth. to 把......运用到......
apply (to...) for... (向......) 申请
翻译:我写这封信是为了申请学生志愿者的职位
I'm writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer
2. arrangement n.安排:筹备筹备:安排;整理
arrange vt.
用: make arrangements/an arrangement for为......做好安排
arrange(for sb.) to do sth. 安排(某人)做某事
他们太忙了，以至于没有时间为这项活动做安排翻译:
They are so busy that they have no time to make an arrangement for the activity.
3. narrow adj.狭窄的
narrowly adv.勉强地;差点
用法: have a narrow escape 九死一生
翻译:我们必须穿过那条狭窄的路
We have to pass that narrow road
4.take control of 控制;接管
用法: lose control of 对......失去控制
失去控制out of control
受控制under control
翻译: 大家都松了口气，因为火势受到了控制。
Everyone felt relieved because the fire was under control5.other than 除......以外
more than 超过，不止; 非常用法:
rather than 而不是
更确切地说or rather
would rather 宁愿
翻译:老实说，除了你，这里我不认识其他人。
To be honest, I don't know any other people other than you6.contact vt.联络;联系n.联系，接触
5. recognise vt.辨别出，承认，认为
recognised adj. 公认的，普遍接受的
recognition n.承认，识别，表彰，赞誉
recognise sb. /sth. as…认为某人/某物是……，把某人/某物看作……
Eg：The film is recognised as an excellent one.
这部电影被认为是最好的一部。
She gained only minimal recognition for her work.
她的工作仅仅得到极少的赞誉。
Her unusual talent gained her worldwide recognition.
她非凡的才能举世公认。
6. admire vt.钦佩，赞赏
admirer n.赞赏者，羡慕者，追求者
admiring adj.赞赏的，羡慕的
admiration n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕
admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事而羡慕/钦佩某人
Eg：I really admire your enthusiasm.
我确实钦佩你的热情。
He ducked his head to hide his admiration.
他低下头以掩饰他的羡慕。
I admire her for her courage to overcome the difficulty.
我钦佩她克服困难的勇气。
admire不能接双宾语，即不能用admire sb. sth.，要用admire sb. for sth.
7. make up 构成，组成；编造；化妆
be made up of 构成，组成
Eg: Eleven players make up a football team.
11名运动员组成了一个足球队。
I think they’re making up the whole thing.
我认为这件事情是他们编出来的。
She spent two hours making herself up before the party.
她在参加聚会前用了两个小时化妆。
8. request n.要求，请求；vt.要求，请求
request sb. to do 要求某人做……
make a request for… 要求……
Eg: I have no objection to your request.
我不反对你的请求。
They made a request for further aid.
他们要求再给一些帮助。
9. view n.视野，景色，看法
come into view 看得见，进入视野
point of view 观点，态度
in one’s view 以某人之见
Eg： When the car goes around the corner, our house will come into view.
车绕过拐角时，我们的房子就在眼前了。
Don't look at things from a single point of view.
不要从单一的角度看问题。
In my view, the man didn’t tell the truth.
于我之见，这个男人没有说出真
二、重点词块速记
1 apply for a job申请工作
2 apply to do sth. 申请做某事
3.rent an apartment 租公寓
4.pay the rent 付租金
5.a pack of wolves 一群狼
6.pack up 把...打包；收拾行李
7.be amazed at 对...很惊讶
8.make arrangements for 做安排
9.arrange for sb to do sth. 安排某人做某事
10.arranged marriage 包办婚姻
11.be extremely important to... 对...非常重要
12.extreme sports 极限运动
13.the sources of noise pollution 噪音污染源
14.narrow one’s eyes 眯起眼睛
15.a flat tyre 没气的车胎
16.a powerful body 强健的体魄
17.a construction site 工地
18.take control of 控制
19.an official holiday 法定节假日
20.be recognized as one of the greatest actors被认为是最伟大的剧作家之一
21.two main types of advertisements 两种类型的广告
22.book a flight 预定航班
23.provide accommodations for the homeless families为无家可归的家庭提供住处
24.be unique to 独有的
25.a path to success 成功的途径
26.reach one’s destination 到达目的地
27.other than除...以外
28.admire sb. for doing sth. 因某事羡慕，钦佩某人
29.architecture--architect 建筑--建筑师
30.brochure 小册子
31.send a package 邮寄包裹
32.keep eye contact in conversation 谈话中保持目光接触
33.Maya civilization 玛雅文明
34.make up some excuses 编造借口
36.transport from A to B 从A运到B
37.go hiking 远足，徒步旅行
38.a low-carbon economy 低碳经济
40.to sb’s credit为某人增光；某人值得表扬
41.check in--check out登记报道--核实，结账离开
42.at the request of sb. 应某人的要求
43.in detail 详细地
44.on view 在展出；展览着
46.no comment 无可奉告
47.at first sight 一见（就）；乍一看
48.at the sight of--catch sight of--lose sight of--come into one’s sight 一看见--看见--进入视线
二、 重点句型剖析
1．动名词否定式作主语
Not knowing where I'm going is what inspires me to travel it.
不知道我将去向哪里正是激励着我去旅行的原因。
2．“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构
PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.
秘鲁是一个位于南美洲、濒临太平洋的国家，全境分为三个主要的区域：沿海狭长、干燥、平坦的陆地区域，安第斯山脉区域以及亚马孙热带雨林区域。
3．强调句型
It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
正是因为这个原因，西班牙语成了秘鲁的主要官方语言。
4．it作形式主语
It's amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s.
令人惊讶的是，这里有8千多尊雕像，直到20世纪70年代，现代人才了解它们。
考点一、核心单词语法填空
1. You will pass your exams if you apply yourself studying.
2. It is （amaze）that he managed to rent such a good flat in such a low price.
3. I'll make ____________(arrange) for you to be met at the airport.
4. Though they all live nearby, I lost contact them really quickly.
5. It was in the narrow street he met his old classmate.
6. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most （power）animal on earth.
7. The quality of customer service is （extreme）important.
8. He was looking forward to （work）with the new manager.
9. This interesting and charming creature is unique Borneo.
10. The team has spent a long time （design）the household robot, which will have a wide market.
11.You （request） not to smoke in the restaurant.
12.To get close to nature, the couple decided to go （hike）once a week.
13.We'd better discuss everything detail before we work out the plan.
14. her credit, the singer,Hanhong, has made great contributions to charity in China.
15.After a restless night in the tent, I couldn't wait （get）outside into the early morning light.
16.People probably cooked their food in large pots, （use）twigs（树枝）to remove it.
17.This book deals with the social, （economy）and political issues of the period.
18. When comes to Microsoft, the first person we think of is Bill Gates, the other co-founder of the firm.
1. to 2. amazing 3. arrangement 4. with 5. that
6. powerful 7. extremely 8. working 9. to 10. designing
11. are requested 12. hiking 13. in 14. To 15. to get 16. using 17. economic 18. it
考点二、重点词块选词填空
一、 选词填空（恰当形式）
make up, check in, be based on, be known as, right away, put up, make a comment on, in my view, be different from, work out, check out
1. You've come just in time, we're leaving .
2. I'll call the hotel. I'll tell them we'll tomorrow.
3. They their tents and settled down for the night.
4. It took me some time to what was causing this.
5. I think it's very unkind of you to stories about him.
6. I was disappointed to miss Bryan, who had just .
7. She thought life there would her life at home.
8. , no matter how rich a person is, he has no right to waste food.
9. True friendship should each other’s understanding and respect
10. Right now The Forbidden City a historical site for tourists from all over the world.
11. As an expert in this field, would you please its theory and its background?
1. right away 2. check in 3. put up 4. work out 5. make up 6. checked out
7. be different from 8. in my view 9. be based on 10. is known as 11. make a comment on
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【2022年全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___41___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___42___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___43___ (bold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___44___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___45___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___46___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
In the last five cars. Cao ___47___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___48___ (high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___49___ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat. 20, ___50___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【答案】41. to journey 42. who 43. held 44. A 45. protection
46. meaningful 47. has walked 48. highest 49. from 50. planning
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
【47题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。
【48题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。
一、 完形填空
（山西高中教育发展联盟2022-2023学年高一上学期11月期中）Attitude is everything. There is never a need to respond to anything that doesn’t make you feel 21 : The Law of the Garbage Truck totally 22 my attitude to things.
One day I got in a taxi and we 23 for the airport. We were driving in the right lane(车道)when a black car 24 out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver 25 the other car by just inches!
The driver of the black car, who almost caused a big 26 , started shouting at us. My taxi driver just smiled and 27 at the guy. He was really friendly. So I asked, “Why? That guy almost ruined your car and sent us to a(n) 28 !”
That was when my taxi driver taught me what I now 29 “The Law of the Garbage Truck”. He 30 that many people are like garbage trucks. They run around full of 31 . As their garbage 32 , they need a place to dump(倾倒) it and sometimes they’ll dump it on you.
When you meet similar situations, just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on. The bottom line is that wise people do not let garbage trucks 33 their day. Love the people who are 34 us and pray for the ones who don’t. 35 is ten percent what you make it and ninety percent how you take it!
21．A．mad B．disappointed C．upset D．good
22．A．changed B．kept C．caused D．limited
23．A．searched B．hunted C．applied D．headed
24．A．looked B．jumped C．wandered D．climbed
25．A．struck B．followed C．found D．missed
26．A．conflict B．accident C．noise D．failure
27．A．shouted B．knocked C．waved D．came
28．A．police office B．hospital C．garage D．airport
29．A．give B．admit C．need D．call
30．A．complained B．explained C．insisted D．promised
31．A．energy B．luggage C．rubbish D．intention
32．A．piles up B．picks up C．breaks out D．runs out
33．A．take over B．make out C．sort out D．go over
34．A．deadly to B．disappointed with C．friendly to D．angry with
35．A．Life B．Nature C．Ambition D．Success
【答案】21．D 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．A 34．C 35．A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者某次乘出租车去机场，在路上差点和一辆操作不当的黑色轿车相撞，结果出租车司机非但不生气，反而对对方很友好。司机解释说很多人就像垃圾车，所以没有必要把那些装满垃圾的人的垃圾再传给别人。作者从中领悟到生活有百分之十在于你如何塑造它，有百分之九十在于你如何对待它。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有必要去回应任何让你感觉不好的事情。A. mad疯狂的；B. disappointed失望的；C. upset沮丧的；D. good好的。根据上文“There is never a need to respond to anything that doesn’t make you feel”结合下文讲述的故事可知，此处指不去回应让人感觉不“好的”事情。故选D项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“垃圾车定律”彻底改变了我对事物的态度。A. changed改变 ；B. kept保持；C. caused造成 ；D. limited限制。结合后文“my attitude to things”和作者经过下文故事的感悟可知，此处指“改变”对事物的态度。故选A项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我坐上出租车，我们去机场。A. searched搜寻； B. hunted猎寻 ；C. applied申请；D. headed朝……去 。由后文“for the airport”可知，作者搭出租车“朝机场去”。故选D项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们正开在右车道上，突然一辆黑色轿车从我们前面的停车位里跳出来。A. looked看；B. jumped跳跃；C. wandered徘徊；D. climbed攀爬。根据后文“out of a parking space right in front of us”以及“the other car by just inches!”可知，是黑色轿车突然从前面停车位里“跳出来”，差点和出租车相撞，jump out of“跳出”。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的出租车司机差几英寸就撞上了另一辆车！A. struck罢工；B. followed跟随；C. found发现；D. missed错过，未击中。根据后文“by just inches!”可知差点相撞，说明并“没有撞上”。故选D项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那辆黑色汽车的司机几乎酿成了大事故，他开始对我们大喊大叫。A. conflict冲突；B. accident事故；C. noise噪音；D. failure失败。结合上文“My taxi driver 5 the other car by just inches!”可知二车差点相撞，即出“事故”，accident最符合语境。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的出租车司机只是微笑着向那家伙挥手。A. shouted大叫；B. knocked敲打；C. waved挥手；D. came来。由后文“He was really friendly.”可知，司机只是微笑和向黑色车主“挥手”。故选C项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是我问:“为什么？那家伙差点毁了你的车，把我们都送进了医院！”A. police office警察局；B. hospital医院；C. garage车库；D. airport机场。根据上文“My taxi driver 5 the other car by just inches!”可知差点出车祸，让作者和司机被送进“医院”。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我的出租车司机教给了我现在被我称为“垃圾车定律”的东西。A. give给予；B. admit承认；C. need需要；D. call称呼。结合后文“The Law of the Garbage Truck”可知，作者把司机教给自己的道理“称”为“垃圾车定律”。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，很多人就像垃圾车。A. complained抱怨；B. explained解释；C. insisted坚持；D. promised承诺。根据后文“that many people are like garbage trucks.”可知司机在“解释”自己对对方友好的原因。故选B项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们装满了垃圾（沮丧、愤怒等）。A. energy能量；B. luggage行李；C. rubbish垃圾；D. intention意图。结合上文“many people are like garbage trucks”把人比作垃圾车，此处指他们装满了“垃圾”。故选C项。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他们的垃圾堆积起来的时候，他们需要一个地方来倾倒，有时他们会把垃圾倾倒在你身上。A. piles up堆起；B. picks up捡起；C. breaks out爆发；D. runs out耗尽。结合后文“they need a place to dump it”可知这些人的垃圾“堆积”得太多，需要倾倒。故选A项。
33．考查动词词组辨析。句意：底线是，聪明的人不会让垃圾车占据他们的生活。A. take over接管，占据；B. make out辨别；C. sort out整理；D. go over仔细检查。由前文“wise people”可知，聪明人不会让垃圾车“占据”他们的生活。故选A项。
34．考查形容词词组辨析。句意：爱那些对我们友好的人，为那些不友好的人祈祷。A. deadly to 对……致命；B. disappointed with对……失望； C. friendly to对……友善； D. angry with对……生气。由前文“Love the people”可知，对我们“友善” 的人，我们应该爱。故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活有百分之十在于你如何塑造它，有百分之九十在于你如何对待它！A. Life生活；B. Nature自然；C. Ambition雄心，志向；D. Success成功。根据上文“Attitude is everything. ”并结合本文故事可知，这是指对“生活”应该持有的态度。故选A项。
二、语法填空
（广东省深圳市高级中学2022-2023学年高一上学期11月期中）One's attitude towards life 1 (have) a great impact on his or her life quality. Therefore, if you want to live a better life, a positive attitude is 12 must. It is the single biggest thing 3 can make a difference in many aspects. It brings optimism into your life, and makes it easier to avoid worries and negative thinking. If you adopt it as a way of life, it would bring constructive 4 (change) into your life, and make you happier, brighter and more successful. With a positive attitude you see the bright side of life,become optimistic, and expect the best 5 (happen). It is 6 (certain) a state of mind that is well worth developing. A positive mind can help you in many ways. It leads to 7 (happy) and success and can change your whole life. If you look at the bright side of life, your whole life becomes 8 (fill) with light. This light affects not only you and the way you look at the world, 9 affects your environment and the people around you. So, always keep this 10 mind:Life is very much like a mirror, if you smile upon it, it smiles back upon to you, if you frown and look doubtful on it, you will get a similar look in return.
【答案】1．has 2．a 3．that 4．changes 5．to happen 6．certainly 7．happiness 18．filled 9．but 10．in
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了一个人对生活的态度对他或她的生活质量有很大的影响，说明了积极的态度是如何影响一个人的生活的。
1．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：一个人对生活的态度对他或她的生活质量有很大的影响。陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语为attitude，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填has。
2．考查冠词。句意：因此，如果你想过更好的生活，一个积极的态度是必须的。must表示“必要的事情”为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且must是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
3．考查定语从句。句意：它是一件能在许多方面产生影响的最重要的事情。此处为定语从句修饰先行词thing，先行词在从句中作主语，且由最高级修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
4．考查名词的数。句意：如果你把它作为一种生活方式，它会给你的生活带来建设性的改变，让你更快乐、更开朗、更成功。change为可数名词，前文没有冠词，应用复数形式。故填changes。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：有了积极的态度，你会看到生活光明的一面，变得乐观，期待最好的事情发生。此处为“expect+宾语+宾补”结构，故应填不定式作宾语补足语。故填to happen。
6．考查副词。句意：这当然是一种很值得发展的精神状态。此处修饰be动词is应用副词certainly，作状语。故填certainly。
7．考查名词。句意：它会带来幸福和成功，还会改变你的整个人生。此处作介词to的宾语应用名词happiness，happiness为抽象名词，不可数。故填happiness。
8．考查形容词。句意：如果你看到生活光明的一面，你的整个生活就会充满光明。结合句意“充满……”可知短语为become/be filled with。故填filled。
9．考查固定短语。句意：这种光明不仅影响你和你看待世界的方式，而且影响你的环境和你周围的人。结合句意表示“不仅……而且……”可知短语为not only…but(also)…。故填but。
10．考查介词。句意：所以，请永远记住：生活犹如一面镜子，你对它笑，它也对你笑；如果你双眉紧锁，向它投以怀疑的目光，它也将还以你同样的目光。结合句意表示“记住”可知短语为keep in mind。故填in。
第10讲 Unit 2 Travelling Around
目标 1
掌握重点单词和词块的用法。
目标 2
认识并运用重点句型。
一、 核心单词讲解
1. apply vt.涂(油漆、乳剂)，敷: 应用: 运用申请:适用vi.申请;使用application n.
用法: apply sth. to 把......运用到......
apply (to...) for... (向......) 申请
翻译:我写这封信是为了申请学生志愿者的职位
I'm writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer
2. arrangement n.安排:筹备筹备:安排;整理
arrange vt.
用: make arrangements/an arrangement for为......做好安排
arrange(for sb.) to do sth. 安排(某人)做某事
他们太忙了，以至于没有时间为这项活动做安排翻译:
They are so busy that they have no time to make an arrangement for the activity.
3. narrow adj.狭窄的
narrowly adv.勉强地;差点
用法: have a narrow escape 九死一生
翻译:我们必须穿过那条狭窄的路
We have to pass that narrow road
4.take control of 控制;接管
用法: lose control of 对......失去控制
失去控制out of control
受控制under control
翻译: 大家都松了口气，因为火势受到了控制。
Everyone felt relieved because the fire was under control5.other than 除......以外
more than 超过，不止; 非常用法:
rather than 而不是
更确切地说or rather
would rather 宁愿
翻译:老实说，除了你，这里我不认识其他人。
To be honest, I don't know any other people other than you6.contact vt.联络;联系n.联系，接触
5. recognise vt.辨别出，承认，认为
recognised adj. 公认的，普遍接受的
recognition n.承认，识别，表彰，赞誉
recognise sb. /sth. as…认为某人/某物是……，把某人/某物看作……
Eg：The film is recognised as an excellent one.
这部电影被认为是最好的一部。
She gained only minimal recognition for her work.
她的工作仅仅得到极少的赞誉。
Her unusual talent gained her worldwide recognition.
她非凡的才能举世公认。
6. admire vt.钦佩，赞赏
admirer n.赞赏者，羡慕者，追求者
admiring adj.赞赏的，羡慕的
admiration n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕
admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事而羡慕/钦佩某人
Eg：I really admire your enthusiasm.
我确实钦佩你的热情。
He ducked his head to hide his admiration.
他低下头以掩饰他的羡慕。
I admire her for her courage to overcome the difficulty.
我钦佩她克服困难的勇气。
admire不能接双宾语，即不能用admire sb. sth.，要用admire sb. for sth.
7. make up 构成，组成；编造；化妆
be made up of 构成，组成
Eg: Eleven players make up a football team.
11名运动员组成了一个足球队。
I think they’re making up the whole thing.
我认为这件事情是他们编出来的。
She spent two hours making herself up before the party.
她在参加聚会前用了两个小时化妆。
8. request n.要求，请求；vt.要求，请求
request sb. to do 要求某人做……
make a request for… 要求……
Eg: I have no objection to your request.
我不反对你的请求。
They made a request for further aid.
他们要求再给一些帮助。
9. view n.视野，景色，看法
come into view 看得见，进入视野
point of view 观点，态度
in one’s view 以某人之见
Eg： When the car goes around the corner, our house will come into view.
车绕过拐角时，我们的房子就在眼前了。
Don't look at things from a single point of view.
不要从单一的角度看问题。
In my view, the man didn’t tell the truth.
于我之见，这个男人没有说出真
二、重点词块速记
1 apply for a job申请工作
2 apply to do sth. 申请做某事
3.rent an apartment 租公寓
4.pay the rent 付租金
5.a pack of wolves 一群狼
6.pack up 把...打包；收拾行李
7.be amazed at 对...很惊讶
8.make arrangements for 做安排
9.arrange for sb to do sth. 安排某人做某事
10.arranged marriage 包办婚姻
11.be extremely important to... 对...非常重要
12.extreme sports 极限运动
13.the sources of noise pollution 噪音污染源
14.narrow one’s eyes 眯起眼睛
15.a flat tyre 没气的车胎
16.a powerful body 强健的体魄
17.a construction site 工地
18.take control of 控制
19.an official holiday 法定节假日
20.be recognized as one of the greatest actors被认为是最伟大的剧作家之一
21.two main types of advertisements 两种类型的广告
22.book a flight 预定航班
23.provide accommodations for the homeless families为无家可归的家庭提供住处
24.be unique to 独有的
25.a path to success 成功的途径
26.reach one’s destination 到达目的地
27.other than除...以外
28.admire sb. for doing sth. 因某事羡慕，钦佩某人
29.architecture--architect 建筑--建筑师
30.brochure 小册子
31.send a package 邮寄包裹
32.keep eye contact in conversation 谈话中保持目光接触
33.Maya civilization 玛雅文明
34.make up some excuses 编造借口
36.transport from A to B 从A运到B
37.go hiking 远足，徒步旅行
38.a low-carbon economy 低碳经济
40.to sb’s credit为某人增光；某人值得表扬
41.check in--check out登记报道--核实，结账离开
42.at the request of sb. 应某人的要求
43.in detail 详细地
44.on view 在展出；展览着
46.no comment 无可奉告
47.at first sight 一见（就）；乍一看
48.at the sight of--catch sight of--lose sight of--come into one’s sight 一看见--看见--进入视线
二、 重点句型剖析
1．动名词否定式作主语
Not knowing where I'm going is what inspires me to travel it.
不知道我将去向哪里正是激励着我去旅行的原因。
2．“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构
PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.
秘鲁是一个位于南美洲、濒临太平洋的国家，全境分为三个主要的区域：沿海狭长、干燥、平坦的陆地区域，安第斯山脉区域以及亚马孙热带雨林区域。
3．强调句型
It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
正是因为这个原因，西班牙语成了秘鲁的主要官方语言。
4．it作形式主语
It's amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s.
令人惊讶的是，这里有8千多尊雕像，直到20世纪70年代，现代人才了解它们。
考点一、核心单词语法填空
1. You will pass your exams if you apply yourself studying.
2. It is （amaze）that he managed to rent such a good flat in such a low price.
3. I'll make ____________(arrange) for you to be met at the airport.
4. Though they all live nearby, I lost contact them really quickly.
5. It was in the narrow street he met his old classmate.
6. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most （power）animal on earth.
7. The quality of customer service is （extreme）important.
8. He was looking forward to （work）with the new manager.
9. This interesting and charming creature is unique Borneo.
10. The team has spent a long time （design）the household robot, which will have a wide market.
11.You （request） not to smoke in the restaurant.
12.To get close to nature, the couple decided to go （hike）once a week.
13.We'd better discuss everything detail before we work out the plan.
14. her credit, the singer,Hanhong, has made great contributions to charity in China.
15.After a restless night in the tent, I couldn't wait （get）outside into the early morning light.
16.People probably cooked their food in large pots, （use）twigs（树枝）to remove it.
17.This book deals with the social, （economy）and political issues of the period.
18. When comes to Microsoft, the first person we think of is Bill Gates, the other co-founder of the firm.
1. to 2. amazing 3. arrangement 4. with 5. that
6. powerful 7. extremely 8. working 9. to 10. designing
11. are requested 12. hiking 13. in 14. To 15. to get 16. using 17. economic 18. it
考点二、重点词块选词填空
一、 选词填空（恰当形式）
make up, check in, be based on, be known as, right away, put up, make a comment on, in my view, be different from, work out, check out
1. You've come just in time, we're leaving .
2. I'll call the hotel. I'll tell them we'll tomorrow.
3. They their tents and settled down for the night.
4. It took me some time to what was causing this.
5. I think it's very unkind of you to stories about him.
6. I was disappointed to miss Bryan, who had just .
7. She thought life there would her life at home.
8. , no matter how rich a person is, he has no right to waste food.
9. True friendship should each other’s understanding and respect
10. Right now The Forbidden City a historical site for tourists from all over the world.
11. As an expert in this field, would you please its theory and its background?
1. right away 2. check in 3. put up 4. work out 5. make up 6. checked out
7. be different from 8. in my view 9. be based on 10. is known as 11. make a comment on
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【2022年全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___41___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___42___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___43___ (bold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___44___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___45___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___46___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
In the last five cars. Cao ___47___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___48___ (high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___49___ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat. 20, ___50___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【答案】41. to journey 42. who 43. held 44. A 45. protection
46. meaningful 47. has walked 48. highest 49. from 50. planning
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
【47题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。
【48题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。
一、 完形填空
（山西高中教育发展联盟2022-2023学年高一上学期11月期中）Attitude is everything. There is never a need to respond to anything that doesn’t make you feel 21 : The Law of the Garbage Truck totally 22 my attitude to things.
One day I got in a taxi and we 23 for the airport. We were driving in the right lane(车道)when a black car 24 out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver 25 the other car by just inches!
The driver of the black car, who almost caused a big 26 , started shouting at us. My taxi driver just smiled and 27 at the guy. He was really friendly. So I asked, “Why? That guy almost ruined your car and sent us to a(n) 28 !”
That was when my taxi driver taught me what I now 29 “The Law of the Garbage Truck”. He 30 that many people are like garbage trucks. They run around full of 31 . As their garbage 32 , they need a place to dump(倾倒) it and sometimes they’ll dump it on you.
When you meet similar situations, just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on. The bottom line is that wise people do not let garbage trucks 33 their day. Love the people who are 34 us and pray for the ones who don’t. 35 is ten percent what you make it and ninety percent how you take it!
21．A．mad B．disappointed C．upset D．good
22．A．changed B．kept C．caused D．limited
23．A．searched B．hunted C．applied D．headed
24．A．looked B．jumped C．wandered D．climbed
25．A．struck B．followed C．found D．missed
26．A．conflict B．accident C．noise D．failure
27．A．shouted B．knocked C．waved D．came
28．A．police office B．hospital C．garage D．airport
29．A．give B．admit C．need D．call
30．A．complained B．explained C．insisted D．promised
31．A．energy B．luggage C．rubbish D．intention
32．A．piles up B．picks up C．breaks out D．runs out
33．A．take over B．make out C．sort out D．go over
34．A．deadly to B．disappointed with C．friendly to D．angry with
35．A．Life B．Nature C．Ambition D．Success
【答案】21．D 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．A 34．C 35．A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者某次乘出租车去机场，在路上差点和一辆操作不当的黑色轿车相撞，结果出租车司机非但不生气，反而对对方很友好。司机解释说很多人就像垃圾车，所以没有必要把那些装满垃圾的人的垃圾再传给别人。作者从中领悟到生活有百分之十在于你如何塑造它，有百分之九十在于你如何对待它。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有必要去回应任何让你感觉不好的事情。A. mad疯狂的；B. disappointed失望的；C. upset沮丧的；D. good好的。根据上文“There is never a need to respond to anything that doesn’t make you feel”结合下文讲述的故事可知，此处指不去回应让人感觉不“好的”事情。故选D项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“垃圾车定律”彻底改变了我对事物的态度。A. changed改变 ；B. kept保持；C. caused造成 ；D. limited限制。结合后文“my attitude to things”和作者经过下文故事的感悟可知，此处指“改变”对事物的态度。故选A项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我坐上出租车，我们去机场。A. searched搜寻； B. hunted猎寻 ；C. applied申请；D. headed朝……去 。由后文“for the airport”可知，作者搭出租车“朝机场去”。故选D项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们正开在右车道上，突然一辆黑色轿车从我们前面的停车位里跳出来。A. looked看；B. jumped跳跃；C. wandered徘徊；D. climbed攀爬。根据后文“out of a parking space right in front of us”以及“the other car by just inches!”可知，是黑色轿车突然从前面停车位里“跳出来”，差点和出租车相撞，jump out of“跳出”。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的出租车司机差几英寸就撞上了另一辆车！A. struck罢工；B. followed跟随；C. found发现；D. missed错过，未击中。根据后文“by just inches!”可知差点相撞，说明并“没有撞上”。故选D项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那辆黑色汽车的司机几乎酿成了大事故，他开始对我们大喊大叫。A. conflict冲突；B. accident事故；C. noise噪音；D. failure失败。结合上文“My taxi driver 5 the other car by just inches!”可知二车差点相撞，即出“事故”，accident最符合语境。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的出租车司机只是微笑着向那家伙挥手。A. shouted大叫；B. knocked敲打；C. waved挥手；D. came来。由后文“He was really friendly.”可知，司机只是微笑和向黑色车主“挥手”。故选C项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是我问:“为什么？那家伙差点毁了你的车，把我们都送进了医院！”A. police office警察局；B. hospital医院；C. garage车库；D. airport机场。根据上文“My taxi driver 5 the other car by just inches!”可知差点出车祸，让作者和司机被送进“医院”。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我的出租车司机教给了我现在被我称为“垃圾车定律”的东西。A. give给予；B. admit承认；C. need需要；D. call称呼。结合后文“The Law of the Garbage Truck”可知，作者把司机教给自己的道理“称”为“垃圾车定律”。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，很多人就像垃圾车。A. complained抱怨；B. explained解释；C. insisted坚持；D. promised承诺。根据后文“that many people are like garbage trucks.”可知司机在“解释”自己对对方友好的原因。故选B项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们装满了垃圾（沮丧、愤怒等）。A. energy能量；B. luggage行李；C. rubbish垃圾；D. intention意图。结合上文“many people are like garbage trucks”把人比作垃圾车，此处指他们装满了“垃圾”。故选C项。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他们的垃圾堆积起来的时候，他们需要一个地方来倾倒，有时他们会把垃圾倾倒在你身上。A. piles up堆起；B. picks up捡起；C. breaks out爆发；D. runs out耗尽。结合后文“they need a place to dump it”可知这些人的垃圾“堆积”得太多，需要倾倒。故选A项。
33．考查动词词组辨析。句意：底线是，聪明的人不会让垃圾车占据他们的生活。A. take over接管，占据；B. make out辨别；C. sort out整理；D. go over仔细检查。由前文“wise people”可知，聪明人不会让垃圾车“占据”他们的生活。故选A项。
34．考查形容词词组辨析。句意：爱那些对我们友好的人，为那些不友好的人祈祷。A. deadly to 对……致命；B. disappointed with对……失望； C. friendly to对……友善； D. angry with对……生气。由前文“Love the people”可知，对我们“友善” 的人，我们应该爱。故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活有百分之十在于你如何塑造它，有百分之九十在于你如何对待它！A. Life生活；B. Nature自然；C. Ambition雄心，志向；D. Success成功。根据上文“Attitude is everything. ”并结合本文故事可知，这是指对“生活”应该持有的态度。故选A项。
二、语法填空
（广东省深圳市高级中学2022-2023学年高一上学期11月期中）One's attitude towards life 1 (have) a great impact on his or her life quality. Therefore, if you want to live a better life, a positive attitude is 12 must. It is the single biggest thing 3 can make a difference in many aspects. It brings optimism into your life, and makes it easier to avoid worries and negative thinking. If you adopt it as a way of life, it would bring constructive 4 (change) into your life, and make you happier, brighter and more successful. With a positive attitude you see the bright side of life,become optimistic, and expect the best 5 (happen). It is 6 (certain) a state of mind that is well worth developing. A positive mind can help you in many ways. It leads to 7 (happy) and success and can change your whole life. If you look at the bright side of life, your whole life becomes 8 (fill) with light. This light affects not only you and the way you look at the world, 9 affects your environment and the people around you. So, always keep this 10 mind:Life is very much like a mirror, if you smile upon it, it smiles back upon to you, if you frown and look doubtful on it, you will get a similar look in return.
【答案】1．has 2．a 3．that 4．changes 5．to happen 6．certainly 7．happiness 18．filled 9．but 10．in
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了一个人对生活的态度对他或她的生活质量有很大的影响，说明了积极的态度是如何影响一个人的生活的。
1．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：一个人对生活的态度对他或她的生活质量有很大的影响。陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语为attitude，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填has。
2．考查冠词。句意：因此，如果你想过更好的生活，一个积极的态度是必须的。must表示“必要的事情”为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且must是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
3．考查定语从句。句意：它是一件能在许多方面产生影响的最重要的事情。此处为定语从句修饰先行词thing，先行词在从句中作主语，且由最高级修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
4．考查名词的数。句意：如果你把它作为一种生活方式，它会给你的生活带来建设性的改变，让你更快乐、更开朗、更成功。change为可数名词，前文没有冠词，应用复数形式。故填changes。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：有了积极的态度，你会看到生活光明的一面，变得乐观，期待最好的事情发生。此处为“expect+宾语+宾补”结构，故应填不定式作宾语补足语。故填to happen。
6．考查副词。句意：这当然是一种很值得发展的精神状态。此处修饰be动词is应用副词certainly，作状语。故填certainly。
7．考查名词。句意：它会带来幸福和成功，还会改变你的整个人生。此处作介词to的宾语应用名词happiness，happiness为抽象名词，不可数。故填happiness。
8．考查形容词。句意：如果你看到生活光明的一面，你的整个生活就会充满光明。结合句意“充满……”可知短语为become/be filled with。故填filled。
9．考查固定短语。句意：这种光明不仅影响你和你看待世界的方式，而且影响你的环境和你周围的人。结合句意表示“不仅……而且……”可知短语为not only…but(also)…。故填but。
10．考查介词。句意：所以，请永远记住：生活犹如一面镜子，你对它笑，它也对你笑；如果你双眉紧锁，向它投以怀疑的目光，它也将还以你同样的目光。结合句意表示“记住”可知短语为keep in mind。故填in。
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