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【暑假初升高】外研版英语九年级（升高一）暑假预习-第08讲-必修一Unit2 词汇和阅读 讲学案
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这是一份【暑假初升高】外研版英语九年级（升高一）暑假预习-第08讲-必修一Unit2 词汇和阅读 讲学案，文件包含第08讲必修一Unit2词汇和阅读解析版docx、第08讲必修一Unit2词汇和阅读原卷版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共34页， 欢迎下载使用。
第08讲 Unit2 Exploring English（词汇与阅读）
【学习目标】
1. 提前预习新外研版必修一Unit2的重点词汇和阅读
2. 掌握中高考阅读理解区别和题型解题技巧
3. 掌握常见三种构词法
【基础知识】
一．重点词汇学习
1.seasick adj.
2.sculpt vt.
3.title n.
4.behavior n.
5.confuse v.
6.alarm n.
7. unique adj.
8.creativity n.
9.wind up
10.come across
11.be likely to do
12.entrance n.
13.contact v.
14.remind v.
15.addition n.
16.resource n.
17.comment n.
18.boot n.
19.说话困难
20.intend v.
21.be aware of
22.section n.
23.organization n.
24.type n.
25.context n.
26.recognize vt.
27.odd adj..
28.be based on
29.recognize v.
30.wicked adj.
31.be opposed to
32.burn down
33.rather than
34.be unfamiliar with
35.be confused about
36.actually=
重点词汇答案：见教材词汇表
二． 重点词汇解析
考点一：Opposite (prep):在...对面 (adv):在对面 (adj):对面的，相反的； (n):对立面，对立的人/物
Opposing(定语adj) opposed（表语adj）
Oppose(v):反对，抵制
Opposition 反对，反抗
oppose doing/sth: =be opposed to sth
As opposed to sth:与某事物相反，而非某事物
Just the opposite.:正好相反
例1．【单句填空】
1 . We think highly of the team we support, while we may add negative comments about an team.
2.(乐山市调研)Finally， the pair overcame their parents’ ________and were allowed to marry.
3.(江苏无锡期中)Not everybody agree to the plan. Some support it,while I am one of those who are to it.
4.The twins have attitudes towards life. Thus, one is living happily and the other is just the .
5.结果令人非常不满意，和我们所期望的恰恰相反。
The result was rather unsatisfactory, what we had expected.
6. 当时，大多数村民反对在村庄附近建一个化工厂。
At that time,most villagers a chemical plant near their village.
7. 我们都希望老师多给我们点时间，但事实正好相反。
We had all expected our teacher would give us more time, but the fact was .
答案：
1， opposite 2, opposition 3, opposed 4, opposing, opposite
5, as opposed to 6, were opposed to 7, just the opposite
考点二：Behaviour(un) :行为，举止；表现方式
behave(v):表现，表现得体，有礼貌
Well-behaved 表现好的
behave well/badly
behave oneself:守规矩，行为检点
例2．【单句填空】
1. (广东期末)My cousin Jim didn’t behave (he) at the party and thus left a bad impression on the guests.
2. The boy (behave) well at the banquet(宴会) and everyone praised his proper
.(behave)
3. As a teacher, you shouldn’t look down upon those students who behave (bad)in school. What you should do is help and love them.
4. 汤姆因在课堂上的恶劣行为被惩罚了。
答案： 1， himself 2, behaved, behavior 3, badly 4. Tom was punished for the bad behavior in class.
考点三：Confusing(adj):令人困惑的，难以理解的，不清楚的
Confuse(v):使迷惑，使糊涂；混淆
Confusion 困惑
confuse A with /and B confuse sb
Be confused about...
In confusion:困惑地，困窘地
辨析
Bewilder(v):使困惑，使茫然，通常表现为心理和智力紊乱
Puzzle(v):使迷惑，强调不理解或解决不了 (n):puzzlement
Confuse(v):一般用语；强调因混淆使人产生混乱
Embarrass(v):使困窘，尴尬
Perplex(v):使杂乱，疑虑，使不安 eg. The new tax laws perplex me.
例3．【单句填空】
1. We can conclude from his look that this problem really him.(confuse)
2. Be careful not to confuse”abroad” “aboard”. The two words are very similar.
3. He looked at me in (confuse) and did not answer the question.
4. When you are confused some words in reading, you can refer the dictionary.
答案：
1， Confused， confusing 2， with/and 3, confusion 4, about, to
考点四：
一． Alarm(un):惊恐，惊慌 (cn):警报器，警报。闹钟=alarm clock
（v）：使担心，使害怕，使惊恐
Alarming(adj):使人惊恐的，令人惊谎的,令人担忧的
Alarmed 害怕的
Be/feel alarmed at /by sth:
Be alarmed to see/hear......
In alarm:惊慌地
Raise/sound the alarm:发出警报
A fire/smoke alarm:防火/烟雾警报器
An alarm system:报警系统
例4．【单句填空】
1. The rainforests are disappearing at an (alarm)rate, which should arouse(引起) the government’s attention.
2. Hearing a loud noise outside his door, he jumped up alarm.
3. People (因...感到担心) a series of campus fires in recent years. In each of these accidents, many deaths were reported.
4. Be sure to (发起警报) when you see a building in on fire.
5. He turned off the alarm clock and went back to sleep again.(翻译)
答案：1， alarming 2， an 3, were alarmed at 4, sound the alarm 5, 关掉闹钟
考点五：reflect
Reflect sb./sth in sth:在...里映出.....
Be reflected in....：被映照在...,被反映在....
Reflect on/upon....：认真思考......
In reflection:
例5．【单句填空】
1. Our school motto (reflect) the importance we place on good manners hard word and success.
2. The lake is calm and clear, and one of the things that are reflected the water is the famous tower.
3. I think you should stop for a moment and reflect your success and failure.
4. （河南信阳模考）What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of (reflect) and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said.
答案：
1， reflects 2, in 3, on/upon 4, reflection
考点六：
Add ...to...:把...加到...里(added to...:后置定语)
Add to:增加，增添=increase(宾语常为抽象名词） - - decrease
Add sth up=add up sth:把...添加起来
Add up to:总共是，总计为=come to
Add that... 增加说到，，，
Add(v)-(n)addition:加，增加；附属- -(adj):additional:额外的
in addition=besides
In addition to......
例6．【单句填空】
1. By 2020, Chinese will be added the list of languages in Ireland’s national exams.
2. If you add those four figures , it comes to over $500.
3. Applying to four companies for a post every month, as far as I know, has added the chances of my brother’s being employed.
4. He explained the task we faced and （补充说） that all the money we collected so far only （总共是） half of what we needed and the coming cold weather would definitely（肯定） （增加）our difficulty.
答案： 1， to 2, up 3, to 4, added added up to add to
考点七：
Be in contact /touch with...:与...有联系
Be out of contact/touch with...
Keep in contact/touch with...
Lose contact/touch with
Have /make contact with...:与...取得联系
例7．【单句填空】
Contact
1.We our former neighbours after they moved.(失去了联系)
2.I feel strongly that reading does us lots of good. It can (broad) our horizons and make us more intelligent.
3.Some narrow streets have been (broaden) so far, so there are fewer traffic jams.
答案： 1， lost contact with 2, broaden 3, broadened
考点八：remind----reminder
Remind sb of sth:使某人想起某事
Remind sb about sth:提醒某人某事
Remind sb (not) to do sth
Remind sb that....:提醒某人......
例8．【单句填空】
1. He reminded me (turn) off the lights when I go out.
2. It reminds me my days when I joined in the military training after I entered the senior high school.
3. The cold served as a (remind) that winter wasn’t quite finished.
4. 老师经常提醒我在考试中要保持冷静。
考点九：
Make comments/a comment on/about...:对...发表评论
Comment on/upon...:对...进行评论
Comment that...:评论说...
No comment:无可奉告
例9．【单句填空】
1. （山西晋中期末）When I’m tired of wording on the stories , I can go online and find my readers commenting my stories or telling me when I make mistakes.
2. （北京朝阳期末）We think highly of the team we support, while we may add negative comments an opposing team.
3. 他评论说这部电影值得一看。
4. 文学界的所有人都对他的新诗做了评论。(literary circles)
考点11：
Intend to do sth/doing sth
Intend sb to do sth
Be intended for...=be meant for...:专门为...而设计的/专供...使用的
例11．【单句填空】
1. Yesterday I found a book in the bookstore chance which was intended bird lovers.
2. This is the website which I intend (add)to my favourites to help me learn how to write poems.
3. Most drivers today use gestures to show their (intend). They wave a car down, or nod at passers-by and cyclists to let them cross.
考点12：
Come across:偶然发现，偶遇；给人的印象是；被理解
Come about :发生，产生
Come up with:提出
Come on:快点；来吧；开始；进步；得了吧
Come out:出来；被出版；开花
Come to:被想到，合计，得出，作出，达成（协议）
Come up:走近；上来；出现，呈现；被提到，被提出；发芽；
When it comes to...:一谈到........;就...而论
例12．【单句填空】
1. He his old friend on the street yesterday.（偶遇）
2. What in his later poetry is a great sense of sadness.（给人的印象是...）
3. He kept talking for a long time but his idea did not really in the end.(被理解）
4. Most of us know we should cut down on fat. But knowing such things isn’t of much help
shopping and eating.（一谈到）
【真题演练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．These workers struggled better working conditions.
2．I got up and walked (calm) out into the early evening.
3．The accident (concern) with the bus driver.
4．He had to continue to learn something to equip himself the stress of losing a job.
5．The lawyer was so kind that he argued the poor man.
6．He is (anxious) waiting for the result of the medical tests.
7．The incident has further increased the (tense) between the two countries.
8．For such a young man，it is really a very (stress) job.
9．The president (shoot) in the head and died on the spot.
10．The programme is targeted at (improve) the health of women of all ages.
Ⅱ.短语填空
see eye to eye with sb.(on sth.)；shoot up；keep the peace；calm down；from one's point of view；think sth.through；back down；on the other hand
1．At last the wild wind ．
2．I wish I could bring you to see the situation ．
3．You must always a problem before acting.
4．Faced with our evidence，the other side had to ．
5．On the one hand，this job doesn't pay very much，but I can't get another one.
6．We each other this.
7．That boy since we last saw him.
8．The peacekeeping troops try to of that place.
has shot up8.keep the peace of
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
【答案】1.for 2.calmly3.was concerned4.under 5.for 6.anxiously7.tension8.stressful9.was shot10.improving
Ⅱ.短语填空
【答案】1.calmed down2.from my point of view3.think through 4.back down5.on the other hand6.see eye to eye with7.has shot up8.keep the peace of
【过关检测】
A
Books can't stop a global pandemic.But，for a short while，they can let us forget the world around us and transport us to different places，allowing us to travel in spirit.Here are some picks for this month：
Rohinton Mistry：A Fine Balance
Mistry's novel focuses on the lives of four central characters whose lives are on a downward spiral，from poverty to outright destitution and，ultimately，death.
Mistry does not whitewash the reality of urban poverty in India.But as readers，we become absorbed in his characters lives we hope with them，we fear for them and，at the end，we cry for them.
Elena Ferrante：My Brilliant Friend
Elena Ferrante's novels take us straight to the Italian city of Napoli Starting with My Brilliant Friend，the four novels chart the intensive relationship between two girl，Elena Greco (Lenù) and Raffaella Cerullo(Lila) who grow up in a poor neighborhood in the 1950s.
Reading Ferrante's description calls forth images of Napoli and makes us feel like we are standing in the Piazza del Plebiscito.We can feel，hear and smell Napoli around us.
Patrick Modiano：The Search Warrant
The Search Warrant pieces together the reallife story of Dora Bruder，a young Jewish girl who went missing in Paris in December 1941.Modiano attempts to retrace Dora's movements across Paris and his book is full of evocative descriptions of quiet squares and streets.
By tracing Dora's possible steps，Modiano evocatively recreates the twilight atmosphere of Paris under occupation.
Kazuo Ishiguro：The Remains of the Day
The Remains of the Day tells the story of Stevens，the aged butler of Darlington Hall，and his ill judged life choices that saw him being involved with British fascism in the interwar years.
This allusion to British fascism in particular is something that makes this novel stand out；it is a subject matter not often discussed or even taught.
1．Which book is set in India?
A．A Fine Balance.
B．My Brilliant Friend.
C．The Search Warrant.
D．The Remains of the Day.
2．What do My Brilliant Friend and The Search Warrant have in common?
A．Both novels tell real life stories.
B．Both novels take place in Italy.
C．Both are related to interpersonal relationship.
D．Both give a vivid description of the surroundings.
3．What is special about The Remains of the Day?
A．Its moving story.
B．Its miserable character.
C．Its rarely mentioned subject.
D．Its skillful techniques of description.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。书籍不能阻止全球性的流行病。但是，在短时间内，它们可以让我们忘记周围的世界，把我们带到不同的地方，让我们在精神上旅行。文章主要介绍了四本书的相关信息。
1【答案】A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mistry does not whitewash the reality of urban poverty in India.”可知Mistry并没有掩饰印度城市贫困的现实。由此可知，A Fine Balance是以印度为背景的。故选A。]
2【答案】D [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Reading Ferrante's description calls forth images of ...We can feel，hear and smell Napoli around us.(读到Ferrante的描述，我们会联想起那不勒斯的景象，感觉自己仿佛站在了Piazza del Plebiscito广场上。我们可以感受到，听到，闻到那不勒斯的味道)”以及倒数第四段中的“Modiano attempts to retrace Dora's movements across Paris and his book is full of evocative descriptions of quiet squares and streets.( Modiano试图追溯Dora在巴黎的活动，他的书中充满了对宁静广场和街道的令人回味的描述)”可知，My Brilliant Friend与The Search Warrant二者的共同点是两者都生动地描述了环境。故选D。]
3【答案】C [细节理解题。根据最后一段“This allusion to British fascism in particular is ...it is a subject matter not often discussed or even taught.”可知，尤其是对英国法西斯主义的提及使这部小说脱颖而出；这是一个很少被讨论甚至被教授的主题。由此可知，The Remains of the Day的特别之处在于它有很少被提及的主题。故选C。]
B
For the brave in the armed forces，being sent away from home for months at a time is just part of the duty.However，it's never an easy one to perform especially for those with children.So when I found out I was going to be stationed in South Korea for a year，I was nervous about how my five children，particularly my eldest daughter Abigail，would take the news since it meant I wouldn't be home to see her graduate from high school.
Incredibly，Abigail told me not to worry and even suggested we live stream the event among family members when I leaked the news.“We've been lucky you haven't had to be sent abroad yet.Anyway we can get connected through the Internet.See me on your phone on my spot，” Abigail said.She stepped into many of my roles when I was gone.I wanted to find a way to thank her and show her how proud I was of her.I started planning the special surprise when my request to return home a few weeks early to attend Abigail's graduation ceremony was approved.
When my time in South Korea finally came to an end，I flew home，rented a car，and stayed in a hotel.And on Abigail's graduation day，I hid in an office behind the stage waiting until I heard my daughter's name called.I just kept thinking “Don't cry.Don't trip in your heels.Don't fall over.”At last！Abigail was up on stage.I slipped up behind her，whispered in her ear，and around she turned！“I was just thinking，like，‘You aren't supposed to be here.What？What？How？’It was the biggest shock...I'm pretty sure my dad made people he didn't even know cry.Emotional for everyone，”Abigail cried.
You know what followed：embraces，kisses，tears，laughs，flowers，wishes...；aren't these what a family has in store?
4．What worried the author most?
A．His duty in South Korea.
B．His five children's safety.
C．His eldest daughter's study.
D．His absence from a big event.
5．What is the probable meaning of the underlined phrase “live stream”？
A．Plan. B．Celebrate.
C．Prepare. D．Broadcast.
6．How did Abigail feel when meeting her father?
A．Embarrassed. B．Overjoyed.
C．Nervous. D．Satisfied.
7．What does the author mainly intend to express by telling the story?
A．A soldier's personal sacrifice.
B．A father's love for his family.
C．The meaning of family bond.
D．The way to plan a big surprise.
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在得知要离家执勤后，担心孩子们尤其是大女儿接受不了这个消息，因为这意味着作者不能参加大女儿的毕业典礼。但是，他却得到了孩子的理解和家人的支持。最后在得到允许后及时赶到大女儿的毕业典礼，给了她一个惊喜。
4【答案】D [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“I was nervous about how my five children，particularly my eldest daughter Abigail，would take the news since it meant I wouldn't be home to see her graduate from high school.”可知，作者担心他不能参加大女儿的高中毕业典礼。毕业典礼是一个大事件。]
5【答案】D [词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Anyway we can get connected through the Internet.See me on your phone on my spot”可知，不管怎样作者可以通过网络观看女儿的毕业典礼。由此可猜测，live stream意思是“视频直播”，与broadcast意义相近。]
6【答案】B [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“What？What？How？”和“It was the biggest shock...I'm pretty sure my dad made people he didn't even know cry.Emotional for everyone”可知，女儿见到作者时非常兴奋。故选B。]
7【答案】C [写作意图题。通读全文并根据文章最后一段可知，作者想通过这个故事来表达亲情的意义。]
C
On February 6，2020，American astronaut Christina Koch arrived back on Earth after 328 days in space.Her time in space is just one of the records set by herself.That's the longest spaceflight ever made by a woman，and just one of the many things Ms.Koch achieved in space.
Ms.Koch took off from Earth for the International Space Station (ISS) on March 12，2019.While in space，she made 5，248 trips around the Earth，travelling 2，237 million kilometres，which is roughly the same as 291 trips to the Moon and back.During her 11 months on the ISS，Ms.Koch took part in six spacewalks，spending over 42 hours in all outside the station.In October of 2019，Ms.Koch led the first ever allfemale spacewalk with Jessica Meir.
But for most astronauts，space travel isn't about setting records.It's about doing science.Ms.Koch took part in a wide variety of special experiments，including studying how crystals (晶体) grow in space，how atoms (原子) behave in extreme cold and learning more about growing plants in low gravity.Growing plants in space could be an important way to provide food on future trips.She also tested a new way of separating liquids from gases.This experiment could lead to simple methods of cleaning water and air in space，which could be very important for future space travel.
Ms.Koch isn't just a scientist and an astronaut.She is also being studied.She's part of a NASA program studying how astronauts are affected by being in space for long periods of time.Her trip was only 12 days shorter than the American record set by Scott Kelly in 2016.As they did with Mr.Kelly，NASA scientists are looking carefully at ways Ms.Koch's body has been affected by her time in space.That research is important for the longer space trips NASA hopes to make in the future，such as for a base on the moon or a trip to Mars.
8．Which of the following is an achievement Ms.Koch has made?
A．Making the longest spaceflight by herself.
B．Leading the first womenonly spacewalk.
C．Cleaning water and air successfully in space.
D．Staying outside the ISS continuously for 42 hours.
9．What does the author want to tell us with so many detailed figures in Paragraph 2?
A．Koch made historic breakthroughs in space.
B．Koch went through a lifethreatening space trip.
C．Koch completed admirable tasks in the space travel.
D．Koch is the most experienced astronaut in NASA.
10．Which statement agrees with the text?
A．Astronauts are competing to set new records.
B．Koch's team produced their own food in space.
C．NASA has founded a scientific base on the moon.
D．Koch's research is significant for space exploration.
11．What can be the best title for the text?
A．RecordSetting Astronaut Koch Returns to Earth
B．US Astronauts Carried out Experiments in Space
C．Spacewalks Have Successfully Been Done on the ISS
D．NASA Is Studying Astronauts for Longer Space Trips
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了美国宇航员Koch女士做了创记录的太空飞行之后返回了地球，以及她为太空飞行所做出的巨大贡献。
8【答案】B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In October of 2019，Ms.Koch led the first ever allfemale spacewalk with Jessica Meir.”可知，在2019年10月， Koch女士与Jessica Meir 一起领导了第一次只有女性的太空旅行。故选B。]
9【答案】C [推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“That's the longest spaceflight ever made by a woman，and just one of the many things Ms.Koch achieved in space.”可知，这次最长时间的太空旅行只是Koch女士在太空中完成的任务之一。然后在接下来的第二段就用大量的数字列举了她在太空旅行中完成了很多令人敬佩的任务。故选C。]
10【答案】D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This experiment could lead to simple methods of cleaning water and air in space，which could be very important for future space travel.”可知，Koch女士的实验可以导致一种简单的清洗太空中的水和空气的方法，所以她的研究对于未来的空间探索具有重要意义。故选D。]
11【答案】A [标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了美国宇航员Koch女士做了创记录的太空飞行之后返回了地球，以及她为太空飞行所做出的巨大贡献。所以最佳题目：创纪录的宇航员Koch返回地球。故选A。]
D
It is said that many brain training products is able to keep us mentally fit.Some products even claim that brain training can prevent dementia (痴呆) in old age.Many such products are only moneymaking rubbish.Also，there is no scientific proof that games or other brain exercises can have this effect.That is what the German Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) pointed out.
As we get older，our thinking gets slower and it is harder for us to learn new things.Many people try to stay mentally fit by，for example，learning a new language or doing crossword puzzles.Computer games that aim to keep the brain active are also becoming increasingly popular.“Doing exercises like trying to find symbols on a computer screen as fast as possible can actually improve your reaction time，” explains Professor Peter Sawicki，the Institute's Director.“But scientific studies have shown that brain training only leads to an improvement in one aspect that it is aimed at.So if you learn to find symbols quickly，it does not mean that you will be able to improve your memory.”
Research has not shown that brain training can keep up or enhance (加强) people's overall (全面的) mental abilities as commonly thought.“So there is no need to feel bad if you do not enjoy brain training：there are no health reasons for doing it，” says Sawicki.“But if you think brain training exercises are interesting，you can try out different things.For example，completing the order of letters can improve your logic skills.And practicing word association techniques can help you to remember things better.You can do all of these things at home on your own.”
12．What can we learn about the brain training products according to the passage?
A．They are expensive.
B．They are effective.
C．They are harmful to the brain.
D．They are unreliable.
13．According to Peter Sawicki，brain training exercises can ．
A．only improve a certain ability of people
B．help all people improve their memory
C．keep the brain active for a longer time
D．only improve your reaction time
14．The last paragraph shows that brain training exercises should be done ．
A．when you can't learn new things
B．in a relaxing way
C．under strict instructions
D．when your thinking gets much slower
15．On the whole，researchers think that brain training exercises ．
A．aren't as effective as commonly thought
B．are just designed for young people to have fun
C．may benefit people in some indirect ways
D．shouldn't be encouraged
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述研究发现大脑训练并不会像人们认为的那样提高人的大脑能力。
12【答案】D [细节理解题。根据第一段的“Many such products are only moneymaking rubbish.Also，there is no scientific proof that games or other brain exercises can have this effect.(很多这样的产品都是只为了赚钱的垃圾。而且，没有可以科学证据可以证明这些游戏或大脑锻炼有这种功效)”可知，本文作者认为大脑训练产品是不可靠的，因为没有科学证据证明它们有用。They are unreliable(它们不可靠)符合以上说法，故选D项。]
13【答案】A [细节理解题。根据第二段的“But scientific studies have shown that brain training only leads to an improvement in one aspect that it is aimed at.So if you learn to find symbols quickly，it does not mean that you will be able to improve your memory.(但研究表明：大脑训练只能使其所针对的一个方面得到改善，所以，如果你学会了快速寻找图像，这并不意味着你就能提高你的记忆能力)”可知，Peter Sawicki认为大脑训练只能改善人的某一项能力。only improve a certain ability of people(只能改善人的某一项能力)符合以上说法，故选A项。]
14【答案】B [推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘So there is no need to feel bad if you do not enjoy brain training：there are no health reasons for doing it，’ says Sawicki.‘But if you think brain training exercises are interesting，you can try out different things...”(Sawicki说：“所以，如果你不喜欢大脑训练，也没有必要感觉糟糕：这样做没有任何健康方面的理由。”“但如果你认为大脑训练很有趣，你可以尝试不同的东西。”)可推测，Sawicki认为做大脑训练时应该放松，不要想太多，如果觉得有趣就做，如果觉得不喜欢就不做。in a relaxing way(用放松的方式)符合以上推测，故选B项。]
15【答案】A [细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Research has not shown that brain training can keep up or enhance (加强) people's overall (全面的) mental abilities as commonly thought.(研究还没有表明大脑训练可以像通常认为的那样保持或加强人们的整体智力)”可知，研究人员认为大脑训练没有人们通常认为的那样有效。aren't as effective as commonly thought(不是像通常认为的那样有效)符合以上说法，故选A项。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Stay Out of Trouble
Sometimes it may seem like you're always getting into trouble with your teachers or your parents. 16 The best thing to do is to stop trouble before it starts.It's always possible to turn over a new leaf.
17 Joining a sports team is a great way to stay out of trouble.Whether you're playing soccer or baseball，team sports are a great way to find something to do rather than get into trouble.
Join a club.If sports aren't your thing，you can always join a club.You can join an art club，chess club，French club，cooking club and so on. 18 Therefore，you won't have time to annoy your teachers or parents.
Go volunteering. 19 If you're too young to do it on your own，go with a parent to a volunteering event.You can help people learn to read，clean up a local park，or work in a soup kitchen.Find something that is meaningful to you and commit to it at least once a week.
Read as much as you can.Reading can help you improve your vocabulary and comprehension skills. 20 Getting truly interested in stories can help you forget the hours passing by.Reading for just 20 minutes before bedtime every night can help you develop an addicting lifelong habit.
A．Join a sports team.
B．Play soccer or baseball.
C．Then you can have a good time with your friends.
D．Volunteering is another great way to stay out of trouble.
E．These clubs can help you focus on something you care about.
F．What's more，if you're reading，then you're not getting into trouble.
G．And no matter what you do，you just can't seem to get things right.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何避免麻烦向读者提供了四条建议。主要有参加运动队，加入俱乐部，多读书等。
16．【答案】G [前句“Sometimes it may seem like you're always getting into trouble with your teachers or your parents.”意为有时你似乎总是和老师或父母发生冲突，选项G对上句进行了进一步的说明，同时也引出了下句解决麻烦的迫切性，故选G。]
17．【答案】A [根据文章篇章结构可知，此处是对本段主题的考查，且为祈使句，本段主要讲加入运动队，故选A。]
18．【答案】E [本段主要讲加入社团。选项E中的These clubs与上句中的“an art club，chess club，French club，cooking club and so on”互应，故选E。]
19．【答案】D [本段主要讲参加志愿活动，选项D中的Volunteering与主题句“Go volunteering”互应，故选D。]
20．【答案】F [本段主要讲多读书可以使你避免麻烦，选项F中的“if you're reading，then you're not getting into trouble”与本段主旨互应，故选F。]
Ⅲ.完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Les Brown is one of the world's greatest speakers.He is also a thought leader on selfimprovement and 21 .
However，Les found it difficult to learn knowledge when he was a 22 ．During his school days，he was thought as “ 23 to learn well” by the teachers and placed 24 from 6th grade to 5th grade.To make things worse，he had a twin brother who was rather bright and 25 ，so Les was 26 by his classmates.
One day a teacher asked him to 27 a problem on the blackboard，but Les 28 and said that he couldn't.“Of course you can，” the teacher replied 29 ．“Young man，come here and solve this problem for me.”
“But I can't，” 30 Les.“I'm a silly boy.”The rest of the class burst (爆发) into 31 ．At that point，the teacher stepped out from behind his desk and looked Les straight in the eye.“Don't ever say that again，” he told him firmly.“Someone else's opinion of you does not have to become your 32 ．”
Les never 33 those words，and spent the rest of his life facing 34 ，setting and following his goals.Time and time again，thanks to the teacher's powerful words，Les has been famous all over the world.Do remember：you have 35 within you.
21．A.problemsolving B．goalsetting
C．moneymaking D．jobhunting
22．A.student B．teacher
C．speaker D．leader
23．A.curious B．afraid
C．unable D．eager
24．A.away B．forward
C．back D．off
25．A.awkward B．stupid
C．naughty D．talented
26．A.laughed at B．cared about
C．knocked down D．looked into
27．A.solve B．discuss
C．face D．choose
28．A.answered B．refused
C．replied D．accepted
29．A.surprisingly B．anxiously
C．angrily D．encouragingly
30．A.insisted B．suggested
C．lied D．disagreed
31．A.anger B．laughter
C．cheers D．tears
32．A.risk B．spirit
C．regret D．reality
33．A.kept B．remembered
C．forgot D．minded
34．A.truth B．challenges
C．opportunities D．questions
35．A.happiness B．loneliness
C．darkness D．greatness
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了美国著名演说家Les Brown的人生历程。
21【答案】B [由全文可知，该空涉及确定目标，与文末“following his goals”呼应，故选B。]
22【答案】A [由后文“During his school days” 可知，为学生时期，故选A。]
23【答案】C [结合后文“from 6th grade to 5th grade”从六年级到五年级可推断老师认为他学不好，unable to do sth.“不能做某事”。故选C。]
24【答案】C [结合后文“from 6th grade to 5th grade”可知，将他留级了，place back此处表示“留级”。故选C。]
25【答案】D [分析句子结构可知此处应与bright并列，表示Les的兄弟“聪明有才能”，与Les形成鲜明对比，故选D。]
26【答案】A [由前文可知，Les成绩差，却有个优秀的哥哥，因此他会受到同学们的嘲笑，故选A。]
27【答案】A [结合后文“a problem on the blackboard”可知，老师让Les去解黑板上的题，故选A。]
28【答案】B [由后文“said that he couldn't”可知，Les 认为自己不会，拒绝作答，故选B。]
29【答案】D [前文“Of course you can”体现出老师对Les的鼓励，故选D。]
30【答案】A [由上文“said that he couldn't”以及“But I can't”可知，Les坚持说自己解不出来，再次拒绝解题，故选A。]
31【答案】B [由上文“I'm a silly boy”可知，班内同学因Les坚持说自己是笨小孩可推断班内同学哄堂大笑，burst into laughter“突然大笑”。故选B。]
32【答案】D [由语境可知，不应该因别人的看法否定真实的自己，故选D。]
33【答案】C [由后文中“Time and time again，thanks to the teacher's powerful words”可知，Les一直没有忘记老师的这句话，故选C。]
34【答案】B [由前后文语境及“spent the rest of his life facing...setting and following his goals”可知，Les余生面对挑战，追随目标，故选B。]
35【答案】D [由上文Les的故事可知，只有认可自己，发现自己的伟大(greatness)之处，才能坚定不移地追随自己的目标，应对挑战。故选D。]
Ⅳ.语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Seeing a place by bike is one of the most exciting ways of 36. (get) to know a new destination (目的地)．Cycling to be green，to get fit or just for new challenge in life，combining sport and travel could be a completely lifechanging experience.
The route around the vast Qinghai Lake will take 4 to 7 days of cycling.The total 37. (distant) is over 220 miles.The beautiful lake，38. is said to change color depending on the season or time of day，39. (lie) in the culturally Tibetan area.It has been sacred (神圣的) lake to the Tibetan people for many 40. (century)．
At a steady and comfortable pace，this route can be completed 41.
(easy)．Because of the Qinghai Lake International Cycling Race，which has taken place every July 42. 2002，the roads are well protected and very easy to ride 43. ．The asphalt (柏油) road makes an excellent smooth surface，so you won't be up against rough road.
For the best weather and the clearest views of the 44. (peace) lake，visit during summer.The best months for cycling are July and August，but remember 45. (travel) with thick clothes as the temperatures drop dramatically in the evenings.
Ⅳ.语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了环湖骑行需要注意的一些事项。
36．【答案】getting [考查非谓语动词。上文of为介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填getting。]
37．【答案】distance [考查名词。上文total为形容词，修饰名词，故应填名词distance，表示“距离”，作主语。故填distance。]
38．【答案】which [考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The beautiful lake，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。]
39．【答案】lies [考查主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为The beautiful lake，故谓语动词lie应用第三人称单数。故填lies。]
40．【答案】centuries [考查名词的数。century为可数名词，由many修饰，应用复数形式。故填centuries。]
41．【答案】easily [考查副词。修饰动词complete应用副词easily，表示“容易地”，作状语。故填easily。]
42．【答案】since [考查介词。句意：由于自2002年以来每年7月举行的青海湖国际自行车赛，道路得到了很好的保护，在道路上骑行很容易。结合句意表示“自从……以来”，应用since，与现在完成时连用。故填since。]
43．【答案】on [考查介词。句意同上。结合句意表示“在道路上”，短语为on the road。故填on。]
44．【答案】peaceful [考查形容词。修饰名词lake应用形容词peaceful，表示“平静的”。故填peaceful。]
45．【答案】to travel [考查非谓语动词。句意：7月和8月是骑车的最佳月份，但切记要穿厚衣服，因为晚上气温会急剧下降。结合句意表示“记得要做某事”，短语为remember to do sth.，后跟不定式作宾语。故填to travel。]
第08讲 Unit2 Exploring English（词汇与阅读）
【学习目标】
1. 提前预习新外研版必修一Unit2的重点词汇和阅读
2. 掌握中高考阅读理解区别和题型解题技巧
3. 掌握常见三种构词法
【基础知识】
一．重点词汇学习
1.seasick adj.
2.sculpt vt.
3.title n.
4.behavior n.
5.confuse v.
6.alarm n.
7. unique adj.
8.creativity n.
9.wind up
10.come across
11.be likely to do
12.entrance n.
13.contact v.
14.remind v.
15.addition n.
16.resource n.
17.comment n.
18.boot n.
19.说话困难
20.intend v.
21.be aware of
22.section n.
23.organization n.
24.type n.
25.context n.
26.recognize vt.
27.odd adj..
28.be based on
29.recognize v.
30.wicked adj.
31.be opposed to
32.burn down
33.rather than
34.be unfamiliar with
35.be confused about
36.actually=
重点词汇答案：见教材词汇表
二． 重点词汇解析
考点一：Opposite (prep):在...对面 (adv):在对面 (adj):对面的，相反的； (n):对立面，对立的人/物
Opposing(定语adj) opposed（表语adj）
Oppose(v):反对，抵制
Opposition 反对，反抗
oppose doing/sth: =be opposed to sth
As opposed to sth:与某事物相反，而非某事物
Just the opposite.:正好相反
例1．【单句填空】
1 . We think highly of the team we support, while we may add negative comments about an team.
2.(乐山市调研)Finally， the pair overcame their parents’ ________and were allowed to marry.
3.(江苏无锡期中)Not everybody agree to the plan. Some support it,while I am one of those who are to it.
4.The twins have attitudes towards life. Thus, one is living happily and the other is just the .
5.结果令人非常不满意，和我们所期望的恰恰相反。
The result was rather unsatisfactory, what we had expected.
6. 当时，大多数村民反对在村庄附近建一个化工厂。
At that time,most villagers a chemical plant near their village.
7. 我们都希望老师多给我们点时间，但事实正好相反。
We had all expected our teacher would give us more time, but the fact was .
答案：
1， opposite 2, opposition 3, opposed 4, opposing, opposite
5, as opposed to 6, were opposed to 7, just the opposite
考点二：Behaviour(un) :行为，举止；表现方式
behave(v):表现，表现得体，有礼貌
Well-behaved 表现好的
behave well/badly
behave oneself:守规矩，行为检点
例2．【单句填空】
1. (广东期末)My cousin Jim didn’t behave (he) at the party and thus left a bad impression on the guests.
2. The boy (behave) well at the banquet(宴会) and everyone praised his proper
.(behave)
3. As a teacher, you shouldn’t look down upon those students who behave (bad)in school. What you should do is help and love them.
4. 汤姆因在课堂上的恶劣行为被惩罚了。
答案： 1， himself 2, behaved, behavior 3, badly 4. Tom was punished for the bad behavior in class.
考点三：Confusing(adj):令人困惑的，难以理解的，不清楚的
Confuse(v):使迷惑，使糊涂；混淆
Confusion 困惑
confuse A with /and B confuse sb
Be confused about...
In confusion:困惑地，困窘地
辨析
Bewilder(v):使困惑，使茫然，通常表现为心理和智力紊乱
Puzzle(v):使迷惑，强调不理解或解决不了 (n):puzzlement
Confuse(v):一般用语；强调因混淆使人产生混乱
Embarrass(v):使困窘，尴尬
Perplex(v):使杂乱，疑虑，使不安 eg. The new tax laws perplex me.
例3．【单句填空】
1. We can conclude from his look that this problem really him.(confuse)
2. Be careful not to confuse”abroad” “aboard”. The two words are very similar.
3. He looked at me in (confuse) and did not answer the question.
4. When you are confused some words in reading, you can refer the dictionary.
答案：
1， Confused， confusing 2， with/and 3, confusion 4, about, to
考点四：
一． Alarm(un):惊恐，惊慌 (cn):警报器，警报。闹钟=alarm clock
（v）：使担心，使害怕，使惊恐
Alarming(adj):使人惊恐的，令人惊谎的,令人担忧的
Alarmed 害怕的
Be/feel alarmed at /by sth:
Be alarmed to see/hear......
In alarm:惊慌地
Raise/sound the alarm:发出警报
A fire/smoke alarm:防火/烟雾警报器
An alarm system:报警系统
例4．【单句填空】
1. The rainforests are disappearing at an (alarm)rate, which should arouse(引起) the government’s attention.
2. Hearing a loud noise outside his door, he jumped up alarm.
3. People (因...感到担心) a series of campus fires in recent years. In each of these accidents, many deaths were reported.
4. Be sure to (发起警报) when you see a building in on fire.
5. He turned off the alarm clock and went back to sleep again.(翻译)
答案：1， alarming 2， an 3, were alarmed at 4, sound the alarm 5, 关掉闹钟
考点五：reflect
Reflect sb./sth in sth:在...里映出.....
Be reflected in....：被映照在...,被反映在....
Reflect on/upon....：认真思考......
In reflection:
例5．【单句填空】
1. Our school motto (reflect) the importance we place on good manners hard word and success.
2. The lake is calm and clear, and one of the things that are reflected the water is the famous tower.
3. I think you should stop for a moment and reflect your success and failure.
4. （河南信阳模考）What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of (reflect) and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said.
答案：
1， reflects 2, in 3, on/upon 4, reflection
考点六：
Add ...to...:把...加到...里(added to...:后置定语)
Add to:增加，增添=increase(宾语常为抽象名词） - - decrease
Add sth up=add up sth:把...添加起来
Add up to:总共是，总计为=come to
Add that... 增加说到，，，
Add(v)-(n)addition:加，增加；附属- -(adj):additional:额外的
in addition=besides
In addition to......
例6．【单句填空】
1. By 2020, Chinese will be added the list of languages in Ireland’s national exams.
2. If you add those four figures , it comes to over $500.
3. Applying to four companies for a post every month, as far as I know, has added the chances of my brother’s being employed.
4. He explained the task we faced and （补充说） that all the money we collected so far only （总共是） half of what we needed and the coming cold weather would definitely（肯定） （增加）our difficulty.
答案： 1， to 2, up 3, to 4, added added up to add to
考点七：
Be in contact /touch with...:与...有联系
Be out of contact/touch with...
Keep in contact/touch with...
Lose contact/touch with
Have /make contact with...:与...取得联系
例7．【单句填空】
Contact
1.We our former neighbours after they moved.(失去了联系)
2.I feel strongly that reading does us lots of good. It can (broad) our horizons and make us more intelligent.
3.Some narrow streets have been (broaden) so far, so there are fewer traffic jams.
答案： 1， lost contact with 2, broaden 3, broadened
考点八：remind----reminder
Remind sb of sth:使某人想起某事
Remind sb about sth:提醒某人某事
Remind sb (not) to do sth
Remind sb that....:提醒某人......
例8．【单句填空】
1. He reminded me (turn) off the lights when I go out.
2. It reminds me my days when I joined in the military training after I entered the senior high school.
3. The cold served as a (remind) that winter wasn’t quite finished.
4. 老师经常提醒我在考试中要保持冷静。
考点九：
Make comments/a comment on/about...:对...发表评论
Comment on/upon...:对...进行评论
Comment that...:评论说...
No comment:无可奉告
例9．【单句填空】
1. （山西晋中期末）When I’m tired of wording on the stories , I can go online and find my readers commenting my stories or telling me when I make mistakes.
2. （北京朝阳期末）We think highly of the team we support, while we may add negative comments an opposing team.
3. 他评论说这部电影值得一看。
4. 文学界的所有人都对他的新诗做了评论。(literary circles)
考点11：
Intend to do sth/doing sth
Intend sb to do sth
Be intended for...=be meant for...:专门为...而设计的/专供...使用的
例11．【单句填空】
1. Yesterday I found a book in the bookstore chance which was intended bird lovers.
2. This is the website which I intend (add)to my favourites to help me learn how to write poems.
3. Most drivers today use gestures to show their (intend). They wave a car down, or nod at passers-by and cyclists to let them cross.
考点12：
Come across:偶然发现，偶遇；给人的印象是；被理解
Come about :发生，产生
Come up with:提出
Come on:快点；来吧；开始；进步；得了吧
Come out:出来；被出版；开花
Come to:被想到，合计，得出，作出，达成（协议）
Come up:走近；上来；出现，呈现；被提到，被提出；发芽；
When it comes to...:一谈到........;就...而论
例12．【单句填空】
1. He his old friend on the street yesterday.（偶遇）
2. What in his later poetry is a great sense of sadness.（给人的印象是...）
3. He kept talking for a long time but his idea did not really in the end.(被理解）
4. Most of us know we should cut down on fat. But knowing such things isn’t of much help
shopping and eating.（一谈到）
【真题演练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．These workers struggled better working conditions.
2．I got up and walked (calm) out into the early evening.
3．The accident (concern) with the bus driver.
4．He had to continue to learn something to equip himself the stress of losing a job.
5．The lawyer was so kind that he argued the poor man.
6．He is (anxious) waiting for the result of the medical tests.
7．The incident has further increased the (tense) between the two countries.
8．For such a young man，it is really a very (stress) job.
9．The president (shoot) in the head and died on the spot.
10．The programme is targeted at (improve) the health of women of all ages.
Ⅱ.短语填空
see eye to eye with sb.(on sth.)；shoot up；keep the peace；calm down；from one's point of view；think sth.through；back down；on the other hand
1．At last the wild wind ．
2．I wish I could bring you to see the situation ．
3．You must always a problem before acting.
4．Faced with our evidence，the other side had to ．
5．On the one hand，this job doesn't pay very much，but I can't get another one.
6．We each other this.
7．That boy since we last saw him.
8．The peacekeeping troops try to of that place.
has shot up8.keep the peace of
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
【答案】1.for 2.calmly3.was concerned4.under 5.for 6.anxiously7.tension8.stressful9.was shot10.improving
Ⅱ.短语填空
【答案】1.calmed down2.from my point of view3.think through 4.back down5.on the other hand6.see eye to eye with7.has shot up8.keep the peace of
【过关检测】
A
Books can't stop a global pandemic.But，for a short while，they can let us forget the world around us and transport us to different places，allowing us to travel in spirit.Here are some picks for this month：
Rohinton Mistry：A Fine Balance
Mistry's novel focuses on the lives of four central characters whose lives are on a downward spiral，from poverty to outright destitution and，ultimately，death.
Mistry does not whitewash the reality of urban poverty in India.But as readers，we become absorbed in his characters lives we hope with them，we fear for them and，at the end，we cry for them.
Elena Ferrante：My Brilliant Friend
Elena Ferrante's novels take us straight to the Italian city of Napoli Starting with My Brilliant Friend，the four novels chart the intensive relationship between two girl，Elena Greco (Lenù) and Raffaella Cerullo(Lila) who grow up in a poor neighborhood in the 1950s.
Reading Ferrante's description calls forth images of Napoli and makes us feel like we are standing in the Piazza del Plebiscito.We can feel，hear and smell Napoli around us.
Patrick Modiano：The Search Warrant
The Search Warrant pieces together the reallife story of Dora Bruder，a young Jewish girl who went missing in Paris in December 1941.Modiano attempts to retrace Dora's movements across Paris and his book is full of evocative descriptions of quiet squares and streets.
By tracing Dora's possible steps，Modiano evocatively recreates the twilight atmosphere of Paris under occupation.
Kazuo Ishiguro：The Remains of the Day
The Remains of the Day tells the story of Stevens，the aged butler of Darlington Hall，and his ill judged life choices that saw him being involved with British fascism in the interwar years.
This allusion to British fascism in particular is something that makes this novel stand out；it is a subject matter not often discussed or even taught.
1．Which book is set in India?
A．A Fine Balance.
B．My Brilliant Friend.
C．The Search Warrant.
D．The Remains of the Day.
2．What do My Brilliant Friend and The Search Warrant have in common?
A．Both novels tell real life stories.
B．Both novels take place in Italy.
C．Both are related to interpersonal relationship.
D．Both give a vivid description of the surroundings.
3．What is special about The Remains of the Day?
A．Its moving story.
B．Its miserable character.
C．Its rarely mentioned subject.
D．Its skillful techniques of description.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。书籍不能阻止全球性的流行病。但是，在短时间内，它们可以让我们忘记周围的世界，把我们带到不同的地方，让我们在精神上旅行。文章主要介绍了四本书的相关信息。
1【答案】A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mistry does not whitewash the reality of urban poverty in India.”可知Mistry并没有掩饰印度城市贫困的现实。由此可知，A Fine Balance是以印度为背景的。故选A。]
2【答案】D [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Reading Ferrante's description calls forth images of ...We can feel，hear and smell Napoli around us.(读到Ferrante的描述，我们会联想起那不勒斯的景象，感觉自己仿佛站在了Piazza del Plebiscito广场上。我们可以感受到，听到，闻到那不勒斯的味道)”以及倒数第四段中的“Modiano attempts to retrace Dora's movements across Paris and his book is full of evocative descriptions of quiet squares and streets.( Modiano试图追溯Dora在巴黎的活动，他的书中充满了对宁静广场和街道的令人回味的描述)”可知，My Brilliant Friend与The Search Warrant二者的共同点是两者都生动地描述了环境。故选D。]
3【答案】C [细节理解题。根据最后一段“This allusion to British fascism in particular is ...it is a subject matter not often discussed or even taught.”可知，尤其是对英国法西斯主义的提及使这部小说脱颖而出；这是一个很少被讨论甚至被教授的主题。由此可知，The Remains of the Day的特别之处在于它有很少被提及的主题。故选C。]
B
For the brave in the armed forces，being sent away from home for months at a time is just part of the duty.However，it's never an easy one to perform especially for those with children.So when I found out I was going to be stationed in South Korea for a year，I was nervous about how my five children，particularly my eldest daughter Abigail，would take the news since it meant I wouldn't be home to see her graduate from high school.
Incredibly，Abigail told me not to worry and even suggested we live stream the event among family members when I leaked the news.“We've been lucky you haven't had to be sent abroad yet.Anyway we can get connected through the Internet.See me on your phone on my spot，” Abigail said.She stepped into many of my roles when I was gone.I wanted to find a way to thank her and show her how proud I was of her.I started planning the special surprise when my request to return home a few weeks early to attend Abigail's graduation ceremony was approved.
When my time in South Korea finally came to an end，I flew home，rented a car，and stayed in a hotel.And on Abigail's graduation day，I hid in an office behind the stage waiting until I heard my daughter's name called.I just kept thinking “Don't cry.Don't trip in your heels.Don't fall over.”At last！Abigail was up on stage.I slipped up behind her，whispered in her ear，and around she turned！“I was just thinking，like，‘You aren't supposed to be here.What？What？How？’It was the biggest shock...I'm pretty sure my dad made people he didn't even know cry.Emotional for everyone，”Abigail cried.
You know what followed：embraces，kisses，tears，laughs，flowers，wishes...；aren't these what a family has in store?
4．What worried the author most?
A．His duty in South Korea.
B．His five children's safety.
C．His eldest daughter's study.
D．His absence from a big event.
5．What is the probable meaning of the underlined phrase “live stream”？
A．Plan. B．Celebrate.
C．Prepare. D．Broadcast.
6．How did Abigail feel when meeting her father?
A．Embarrassed. B．Overjoyed.
C．Nervous. D．Satisfied.
7．What does the author mainly intend to express by telling the story?
A．A soldier's personal sacrifice.
B．A father's love for his family.
C．The meaning of family bond.
D．The way to plan a big surprise.
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在得知要离家执勤后，担心孩子们尤其是大女儿接受不了这个消息，因为这意味着作者不能参加大女儿的毕业典礼。但是，他却得到了孩子的理解和家人的支持。最后在得到允许后及时赶到大女儿的毕业典礼，给了她一个惊喜。
4【答案】D [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“I was nervous about how my five children，particularly my eldest daughter Abigail，would take the news since it meant I wouldn't be home to see her graduate from high school.”可知，作者担心他不能参加大女儿的高中毕业典礼。毕业典礼是一个大事件。]
5【答案】D [词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Anyway we can get connected through the Internet.See me on your phone on my spot”可知，不管怎样作者可以通过网络观看女儿的毕业典礼。由此可猜测，live stream意思是“视频直播”，与broadcast意义相近。]
6【答案】B [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“What？What？How？”和“It was the biggest shock...I'm pretty sure my dad made people he didn't even know cry.Emotional for everyone”可知，女儿见到作者时非常兴奋。故选B。]
7【答案】C [写作意图题。通读全文并根据文章最后一段可知，作者想通过这个故事来表达亲情的意义。]
C
On February 6，2020，American astronaut Christina Koch arrived back on Earth after 328 days in space.Her time in space is just one of the records set by herself.That's the longest spaceflight ever made by a woman，and just one of the many things Ms.Koch achieved in space.
Ms.Koch took off from Earth for the International Space Station (ISS) on March 12，2019.While in space，she made 5，248 trips around the Earth，travelling 2，237 million kilometres，which is roughly the same as 291 trips to the Moon and back.During her 11 months on the ISS，Ms.Koch took part in six spacewalks，spending over 42 hours in all outside the station.In October of 2019，Ms.Koch led the first ever allfemale spacewalk with Jessica Meir.
But for most astronauts，space travel isn't about setting records.It's about doing science.Ms.Koch took part in a wide variety of special experiments，including studying how crystals (晶体) grow in space，how atoms (原子) behave in extreme cold and learning more about growing plants in low gravity.Growing plants in space could be an important way to provide food on future trips.She also tested a new way of separating liquids from gases.This experiment could lead to simple methods of cleaning water and air in space，which could be very important for future space travel.
Ms.Koch isn't just a scientist and an astronaut.She is also being studied.She's part of a NASA program studying how astronauts are affected by being in space for long periods of time.Her trip was only 12 days shorter than the American record set by Scott Kelly in 2016.As they did with Mr.Kelly，NASA scientists are looking carefully at ways Ms.Koch's body has been affected by her time in space.That research is important for the longer space trips NASA hopes to make in the future，such as for a base on the moon or a trip to Mars.
8．Which of the following is an achievement Ms.Koch has made?
A．Making the longest spaceflight by herself.
B．Leading the first womenonly spacewalk.
C．Cleaning water and air successfully in space.
D．Staying outside the ISS continuously for 42 hours.
9．What does the author want to tell us with so many detailed figures in Paragraph 2?
A．Koch made historic breakthroughs in space.
B．Koch went through a lifethreatening space trip.
C．Koch completed admirable tasks in the space travel.
D．Koch is the most experienced astronaut in NASA.
10．Which statement agrees with the text?
A．Astronauts are competing to set new records.
B．Koch's team produced their own food in space.
C．NASA has founded a scientific base on the moon.
D．Koch's research is significant for space exploration.
11．What can be the best title for the text?
A．RecordSetting Astronaut Koch Returns to Earth
B．US Astronauts Carried out Experiments in Space
C．Spacewalks Have Successfully Been Done on the ISS
D．NASA Is Studying Astronauts for Longer Space Trips
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了美国宇航员Koch女士做了创记录的太空飞行之后返回了地球，以及她为太空飞行所做出的巨大贡献。
8【答案】B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In October of 2019，Ms.Koch led the first ever allfemale spacewalk with Jessica Meir.”可知，在2019年10月， Koch女士与Jessica Meir 一起领导了第一次只有女性的太空旅行。故选B。]
9【答案】C [推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“That's the longest spaceflight ever made by a woman，and just one of the many things Ms.Koch achieved in space.”可知，这次最长时间的太空旅行只是Koch女士在太空中完成的任务之一。然后在接下来的第二段就用大量的数字列举了她在太空旅行中完成了很多令人敬佩的任务。故选C。]
10【答案】D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This experiment could lead to simple methods of cleaning water and air in space，which could be very important for future space travel.”可知，Koch女士的实验可以导致一种简单的清洗太空中的水和空气的方法，所以她的研究对于未来的空间探索具有重要意义。故选D。]
11【答案】A [标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了美国宇航员Koch女士做了创记录的太空飞行之后返回了地球，以及她为太空飞行所做出的巨大贡献。所以最佳题目：创纪录的宇航员Koch返回地球。故选A。]
D
It is said that many brain training products is able to keep us mentally fit.Some products even claim that brain training can prevent dementia (痴呆) in old age.Many such products are only moneymaking rubbish.Also，there is no scientific proof that games or other brain exercises can have this effect.That is what the German Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) pointed out.
As we get older，our thinking gets slower and it is harder for us to learn new things.Many people try to stay mentally fit by，for example，learning a new language or doing crossword puzzles.Computer games that aim to keep the brain active are also becoming increasingly popular.“Doing exercises like trying to find symbols on a computer screen as fast as possible can actually improve your reaction time，” explains Professor Peter Sawicki，the Institute's Director.“But scientific studies have shown that brain training only leads to an improvement in one aspect that it is aimed at.So if you learn to find symbols quickly，it does not mean that you will be able to improve your memory.”
Research has not shown that brain training can keep up or enhance (加强) people's overall (全面的) mental abilities as commonly thought.“So there is no need to feel bad if you do not enjoy brain training：there are no health reasons for doing it，” says Sawicki.“But if you think brain training exercises are interesting，you can try out different things.For example，completing the order of letters can improve your logic skills.And practicing word association techniques can help you to remember things better.You can do all of these things at home on your own.”
12．What can we learn about the brain training products according to the passage?
A．They are expensive.
B．They are effective.
C．They are harmful to the brain.
D．They are unreliable.
13．According to Peter Sawicki，brain training exercises can ．
A．only improve a certain ability of people
B．help all people improve their memory
C．keep the brain active for a longer time
D．only improve your reaction time
14．The last paragraph shows that brain training exercises should be done ．
A．when you can't learn new things
B．in a relaxing way
C．under strict instructions
D．when your thinking gets much slower
15．On the whole，researchers think that brain training exercises ．
A．aren't as effective as commonly thought
B．are just designed for young people to have fun
C．may benefit people in some indirect ways
D．shouldn't be encouraged
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述研究发现大脑训练并不会像人们认为的那样提高人的大脑能力。
12【答案】D [细节理解题。根据第一段的“Many such products are only moneymaking rubbish.Also，there is no scientific proof that games or other brain exercises can have this effect.(很多这样的产品都是只为了赚钱的垃圾。而且，没有可以科学证据可以证明这些游戏或大脑锻炼有这种功效)”可知，本文作者认为大脑训练产品是不可靠的，因为没有科学证据证明它们有用。They are unreliable(它们不可靠)符合以上说法，故选D项。]
13【答案】A [细节理解题。根据第二段的“But scientific studies have shown that brain training only leads to an improvement in one aspect that it is aimed at.So if you learn to find symbols quickly，it does not mean that you will be able to improve your memory.(但研究表明：大脑训练只能使其所针对的一个方面得到改善，所以，如果你学会了快速寻找图像，这并不意味着你就能提高你的记忆能力)”可知，Peter Sawicki认为大脑训练只能改善人的某一项能力。only improve a certain ability of people(只能改善人的某一项能力)符合以上说法，故选A项。]
14【答案】B [推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘So there is no need to feel bad if you do not enjoy brain training：there are no health reasons for doing it，’ says Sawicki.‘But if you think brain training exercises are interesting，you can try out different things...”(Sawicki说：“所以，如果你不喜欢大脑训练，也没有必要感觉糟糕：这样做没有任何健康方面的理由。”“但如果你认为大脑训练很有趣，你可以尝试不同的东西。”)可推测，Sawicki认为做大脑训练时应该放松，不要想太多，如果觉得有趣就做，如果觉得不喜欢就不做。in a relaxing way(用放松的方式)符合以上推测，故选B项。]
15【答案】A [细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Research has not shown that brain training can keep up or enhance (加强) people's overall (全面的) mental abilities as commonly thought.(研究还没有表明大脑训练可以像通常认为的那样保持或加强人们的整体智力)”可知，研究人员认为大脑训练没有人们通常认为的那样有效。aren't as effective as commonly thought(不是像通常认为的那样有效)符合以上说法，故选A项。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Stay Out of Trouble
Sometimes it may seem like you're always getting into trouble with your teachers or your parents. 16 The best thing to do is to stop trouble before it starts.It's always possible to turn over a new leaf.
17 Joining a sports team is a great way to stay out of trouble.Whether you're playing soccer or baseball，team sports are a great way to find something to do rather than get into trouble.
Join a club.If sports aren't your thing，you can always join a club.You can join an art club，chess club，French club，cooking club and so on. 18 Therefore，you won't have time to annoy your teachers or parents.
Go volunteering. 19 If you're too young to do it on your own，go with a parent to a volunteering event.You can help people learn to read，clean up a local park，or work in a soup kitchen.Find something that is meaningful to you and commit to it at least once a week.
Read as much as you can.Reading can help you improve your vocabulary and comprehension skills. 20 Getting truly interested in stories can help you forget the hours passing by.Reading for just 20 minutes before bedtime every night can help you develop an addicting lifelong habit.
A．Join a sports team.
B．Play soccer or baseball.
C．Then you can have a good time with your friends.
D．Volunteering is another great way to stay out of trouble.
E．These clubs can help you focus on something you care about.
F．What's more，if you're reading，then you're not getting into trouble.
G．And no matter what you do，you just can't seem to get things right.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何避免麻烦向读者提供了四条建议。主要有参加运动队，加入俱乐部，多读书等。
16．【答案】G [前句“Sometimes it may seem like you're always getting into trouble with your teachers or your parents.”意为有时你似乎总是和老师或父母发生冲突，选项G对上句进行了进一步的说明，同时也引出了下句解决麻烦的迫切性，故选G。]
17．【答案】A [根据文章篇章结构可知，此处是对本段主题的考查，且为祈使句，本段主要讲加入运动队，故选A。]
18．【答案】E [本段主要讲加入社团。选项E中的These clubs与上句中的“an art club，chess club，French club，cooking club and so on”互应，故选E。]
19．【答案】D [本段主要讲参加志愿活动，选项D中的Volunteering与主题句“Go volunteering”互应，故选D。]
20．【答案】F [本段主要讲多读书可以使你避免麻烦，选项F中的“if you're reading，then you're not getting into trouble”与本段主旨互应，故选F。]
Ⅲ.完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Les Brown is one of the world's greatest speakers.He is also a thought leader on selfimprovement and 21 .
However，Les found it difficult to learn knowledge when he was a 22 ．During his school days，he was thought as “ 23 to learn well” by the teachers and placed 24 from 6th grade to 5th grade.To make things worse，he had a twin brother who was rather bright and 25 ，so Les was 26 by his classmates.
One day a teacher asked him to 27 a problem on the blackboard，but Les 28 and said that he couldn't.“Of course you can，” the teacher replied 29 ．“Young man，come here and solve this problem for me.”
“But I can't，” 30 Les.“I'm a silly boy.”The rest of the class burst (爆发) into 31 ．At that point，the teacher stepped out from behind his desk and looked Les straight in the eye.“Don't ever say that again，” he told him firmly.“Someone else's opinion of you does not have to become your 32 ．”
Les never 33 those words，and spent the rest of his life facing 34 ，setting and following his goals.Time and time again，thanks to the teacher's powerful words，Les has been famous all over the world.Do remember：you have 35 within you.
21．A.problemsolving B．goalsetting
C．moneymaking D．jobhunting
22．A.student B．teacher
C．speaker D．leader
23．A.curious B．afraid
C．unable D．eager
24．A.away B．forward
C．back D．off
25．A.awkward B．stupid
C．naughty D．talented
26．A.laughed at B．cared about
C．knocked down D．looked into
27．A.solve B．discuss
C．face D．choose
28．A.answered B．refused
C．replied D．accepted
29．A.surprisingly B．anxiously
C．angrily D．encouragingly
30．A.insisted B．suggested
C．lied D．disagreed
31．A.anger B．laughter
C．cheers D．tears
32．A.risk B．spirit
C．regret D．reality
33．A.kept B．remembered
C．forgot D．minded
34．A.truth B．challenges
C．opportunities D．questions
35．A.happiness B．loneliness
C．darkness D．greatness
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了美国著名演说家Les Brown的人生历程。
21【答案】B [由全文可知，该空涉及确定目标，与文末“following his goals”呼应，故选B。]
22【答案】A [由后文“During his school days” 可知，为学生时期，故选A。]
23【答案】C [结合后文“from 6th grade to 5th grade”从六年级到五年级可推断老师认为他学不好，unable to do sth.“不能做某事”。故选C。]
24【答案】C [结合后文“from 6th grade to 5th grade”可知，将他留级了，place back此处表示“留级”。故选C。]
25【答案】D [分析句子结构可知此处应与bright并列，表示Les的兄弟“聪明有才能”，与Les形成鲜明对比，故选D。]
26【答案】A [由前文可知，Les成绩差，却有个优秀的哥哥，因此他会受到同学们的嘲笑，故选A。]
27【答案】A [结合后文“a problem on the blackboard”可知，老师让Les去解黑板上的题，故选A。]
28【答案】B [由后文“said that he couldn't”可知，Les 认为自己不会，拒绝作答，故选B。]
29【答案】D [前文“Of course you can”体现出老师对Les的鼓励，故选D。]
30【答案】A [由上文“said that he couldn't”以及“But I can't”可知，Les坚持说自己解不出来，再次拒绝解题，故选A。]
31【答案】B [由上文“I'm a silly boy”可知，班内同学因Les坚持说自己是笨小孩可推断班内同学哄堂大笑，burst into laughter“突然大笑”。故选B。]
32【答案】D [由语境可知，不应该因别人的看法否定真实的自己，故选D。]
33【答案】C [由后文中“Time and time again，thanks to the teacher's powerful words”可知，Les一直没有忘记老师的这句话，故选C。]
34【答案】B [由前后文语境及“spent the rest of his life facing...setting and following his goals”可知，Les余生面对挑战，追随目标，故选B。]
35【答案】D [由上文Les的故事可知，只有认可自己，发现自己的伟大(greatness)之处，才能坚定不移地追随自己的目标，应对挑战。故选D。]
Ⅳ.语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Seeing a place by bike is one of the most exciting ways of 36. (get) to know a new destination (目的地)．Cycling to be green，to get fit or just for new challenge in life，combining sport and travel could be a completely lifechanging experience.
The route around the vast Qinghai Lake will take 4 to 7 days of cycling.The total 37. (distant) is over 220 miles.The beautiful lake，38. is said to change color depending on the season or time of day，39. (lie) in the culturally Tibetan area.It has been sacred (神圣的) lake to the Tibetan people for many 40. (century)．
At a steady and comfortable pace，this route can be completed 41.
(easy)．Because of the Qinghai Lake International Cycling Race，which has taken place every July 42. 2002，the roads are well protected and very easy to ride 43. ．The asphalt (柏油) road makes an excellent smooth surface，so you won't be up against rough road.
For the best weather and the clearest views of the 44. (peace) lake，visit during summer.The best months for cycling are July and August，but remember 45. (travel) with thick clothes as the temperatures drop dramatically in the evenings.
Ⅳ.语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了环湖骑行需要注意的一些事项。
36．【答案】getting [考查非谓语动词。上文of为介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填getting。]
37．【答案】distance [考查名词。上文total为形容词，修饰名词，故应填名词distance，表示“距离”，作主语。故填distance。]
38．【答案】which [考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The beautiful lake，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。]
39．【答案】lies [考查主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为The beautiful lake，故谓语动词lie应用第三人称单数。故填lies。]
40．【答案】centuries [考查名词的数。century为可数名词，由many修饰，应用复数形式。故填centuries。]
41．【答案】easily [考查副词。修饰动词complete应用副词easily，表示“容易地”，作状语。故填easily。]
42．【答案】since [考查介词。句意：由于自2002年以来每年7月举行的青海湖国际自行车赛，道路得到了很好的保护，在道路上骑行很容易。结合句意表示“自从……以来”，应用since，与现在完成时连用。故填since。]
43．【答案】on [考查介词。句意同上。结合句意表示“在道路上”，短语为on the road。故填on。]
44．【答案】peaceful [考查形容词。修饰名词lake应用形容词peaceful，表示“平静的”。故填peaceful。]
45．【答案】to travel [考查非谓语动词。句意：7月和8月是骑车的最佳月份，但切记要穿厚衣服，因为晚上气温会急剧下降。结合句意表示“记得要做某事”，短语为remember to do sth.，后跟不定式作宾语。故填to travel。]
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