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【暑假初升高】外研版英语九年级（升高一）暑假预习-第10 讲-必修一Unit4 词汇和阅读 讲学案
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这是一份【暑假初升高】外研版英语九年级（升高一）暑假预习-第10 讲-必修一Unit4 词汇和阅读 讲学案，文件包含第10讲必修一Unit4词汇和阅读解析版docx、第10讲必修一Unit4词汇和阅读原卷版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
第10讲 Unit4 Friends forever （词汇与阅读）
【学习目标】
1. 提前预习新外研版必修一Unit4的重点词汇和阅读
2. 掌握中高考阅读理解区别和题型解题技巧
3. 掌握常见三种构词法
【基础知识】
一．重点词汇学习
1.familiar adj.
2.prefer vt.
3. deliver v.
4.click v.
5.enable v.
6.tend v.
7. significant adj.
8. advance.
9. acquire v.
10.prove v.
11. patience n.
12.unfortunately adv.
13.inspiring adj.
14.passion n.
15.generosity n.
16 humor n.
17.quality n.
18.distance n.
19. anxious
20.postpone v.
21.strike v.
22.scar n.
23.scene n.
24.unfold v.
25..ordinary adj.
26.hustle v.
27.ashamed adj..
28. surroundings
29.personality
30.appointed adj.
31.thanks to
32.atmosphere
33.ought to
34.turn up
35.location
36.bitterly
重点词汇答案：见教材词汇表
二． 重点词汇解析
考点一：Mean(vt)-meant-meant:意味着，意思是有...的目的，打算
(adj):吝啬的；刻薄的，不善良的
Mean to do sth:打算做某事
Had meant to do sth:本打算做某事
Be meant for...:注定适合...
Be meant to do sth:应该做某事；意在做某事
Be mean with...:在...方面吝啬
Be mean to sb:对某人吝啬
例1．【单句填空】
1. I didn’t mean (eat) anything, but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help
(try) it.
2. Don’t be mean fabric(布料), otherwise curtains will end up looking ugly.
3. While sending flowers as gifts, we can’t choose flowers arbitrarily（任意地）,because different flowers may carry different (mean).
4. The earth is our home. We must take care of it. This means (keep) the land, water and air clean.
Add pictures to your journal. Even though your journal is meant writing, pictures are still worth a thousand words.
答案：1, to eat trying 2, with 3， meanings 4， keeping for
考点二：Advance(n):进步，进展；前进，行进
(v):前进，行进；发展，进步；促进，推动
Advanced(adj):先进的，高级的 ;预先的，事先的
advancement(n):发展，前进；提升
Make an advance/advances in...:在...方面取得进展=make progress in...
In advance:预先，事先=ahead of time
In advance of:在...前面；（发展上）超前
Advance on/towards:朝向...前进 +across/through:前进穿过...
Not to advance is to go back:不进则退
例2．【单句填空】
1. I have worked here as a typist for about a year, and I’d like to have a chance of .
2. There will be a discount on the cost of the 6-week English course if you pay advance.
3.China is building the world’s largest earthquake alert system and it’s possibly the most .
4. 当学生们在课前得知这一令人兴奋的消息时，他们高兴得跳了起来。
When students were told the exciting news the class, they jumped with joy.
5.看！一群孩子正向动物园前进。
Look! A group of children the zoo.
答案： 1， advancement 2, in 3, advanced
考点三：Enable(vt):使可能；使发生；使有机会；使成为可能
Disable(vt):使伤残；使残废
Enable ... to do sth:使...能够/有机会做某事；使...做某事成为可能
En- -en (v):
Enrich:使丰富
Endanger:使遭危险
Enjoy encourage shorten broaden sharpen strengthen:加强，增强
例3．【单句填空】
1. However, your willingness to deal with these problems will finally (able) you to work them out.
2. In the past few weeks , to (courage) students for the Olympics, a large number of universities have begun to offer academic credits(学分).
3. Technological developments all through the years have enabled us (do) more with less effort.
答案：1， enable 2, encourage 3, to do
考点四：Remain（系v):仍然是，保持；(vi):逗留，不离去；剩余，遗留（不用进行和被动）；
仍需做（或说，处理）
Remains(n):剩余物，剩饭菜；遗迹；遗骸
例4．【单句填空】
1. The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building
(remain) now.
2. remains to be seen whether Jim will be fit enough to take part in the competition.
3. This painting was completed in 1988 and is one of the only four (remain) pieces in the world.
4. Whether we can raise enough money to carry out the project remains (discuss).
5. 这听起来是个好主意，可是它能否成功尚待观察。
It sounds like a good idea, but whether it will succeed.
答案： 1， remained 2, There 3, remaining 4, to be discussed
考点五：Tend(v):往往会，常常就；趋向，倾向，易于做某事；照料，照管，护理
Tendency(n):倾向，趋势
Tend to do sth:常常会做某事
Tend to /towards sth:趋向，趋于....
Tend (to) sb /sth:照料...=attend to sb/sth
Have a tendency to do sth:有做某事的倾向
例5．【单句填空】
1. There is a widespread (tend) that more and more young people choose online shopping rather than go to stores to buy what they like.
2. We tend (have) a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to (吸引) our emotions than for straight facts.
3. Some people have a natural tendency (compare) themselves with others with the hope of getting satisfaction.
4. 他的工作是照看羊。
答案： 1， tendency 2， to have 3, to compare
考点六：Present(v):展现，显示；把...交给，颁发，授予；到场，出现；(n):礼物，赠品；目前；(adj):当前的，现存的；出席，在场（后置定语）
Presence(n) - absence(n):
Present oneself:展示自己
Present sth to sb/ present sb with sth:将某物授予/赠与某人
At the present time=at present：目前
For the present=for the time being:暂且，暂时
Be present at:出席.... be absent from...:缺席
In /during one’s presence=in the presence of sb:在某人面前；有某人在场
In /during one’s absence:某人不在时
例6．【单句填空】
1. The Olympic Sports Center is being built present in the city and is said to be open to the public in 2019.
2. I was the only one in our class present the meeting yesterday.
3. No matter what country he visited, he called on the ruler of the land, presenting valuable gifts him to express China’s sincere desire to develop friendly relations.
他把宝剑(sword)捐赠给了博物馆。
考点七：Patience(un):耐心，忍耐力；-(adj):patient -(adv):patiently
Impatience:不耐烦，无耐心
Be /out of patience with...:对...失去耐心/无法忍受
Have no patience with...:对...没有耐心，无法忍受...
Lose one’s patience:失去耐心
With patience:耐心地
Try one’s patience:考验某人的耐心极限
Patience is a virtue.
例7．【单句填空】
1. With enough time and , gaining trust and changing wrong beliefs is possible.
2. In the following weeks, Sally worked out 10 class rules and posted them on the walls of the classroom. She explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.
3. I called him several times, but each time his secretary told me that he was in a meeting and that he would call me later. So I waited and waited, and was growing with no call.
考点八：Anxious(adj):焦虑的 ，担心的；渴望的 (adv):anxiously:焦虑地，不安地
Anxiety(n):担心，忧虑；渴望
With anxiety:焦虑地
Anxiety about/over....:对...的焦虑
Anxiety for...:对...的渴望
Be anxious for s/about sb/sth:为...担心/担忧
Be anxious for=be eager for =be keen on...:渴望......
Be anxious to do sth渴望做某事
Be anxious that...(should) do sth:渴望..做某事
例8．【单句填空】
1. According to Life in Likes, as children grew, they became more anxious (get) more public approval（认可）。
2. It has been pointed out that what plays a vital role in driving away one’s (anxious) is one’s sweet childhood memories.
3. Jack still can’t help being anxious his job interview.
4. 我进入房间时，她正在电话旁焦急地等待着。
When I entered the room, she was waiting by the phone.(anxiety)
考点九：Strike-struck-struck-striking(vt):划火柴；敲，报时；撞击，碰撞；打击；（灾难，疾病）侵袭，爆发；给...印象；打动，把...迷住；使（寒气，恐惧等）侵入，进入；突然想到
(n):罢工
Strike sb+介词+the +身体部位：击打某人某处
Be struck by...:被...打动
Strike sb as sth:给某人以...印象
Strike...into one’s heart:使...进入某人心中，使某人感到...
Sth strikes sb:某人突然想到...
It strikes sb that/how/what...:某人突然想到......
Be (out) on strike:在罢工
Come out on/ go on strike:举行罢工
例9．【单句填空】
1. Mr Wills, who was helped up onto the platform to take the prize, looked as if he had
(strike) by lighting.
1. It struck me we could advertise our products on the Internet.
2. The news that our team had won the competition struck excitement our hearts.
3. When he said something rude about my mother, I wanted to strike him on face with the peanut butter and sandwiches.
考点十：Distance(vt):使与...保持距离；撇清与...的关系
(n):距离，间距，间隔；冷淡，疏远
Distant(adj):遥远的，久远的；远处的；远亲的 -(adv):distantly:远地；冷淡地；远亲关系地
Distance yourself (from sth):撇清你自己（与......)
In the distance:在远处，在远方
From/at a distance:从远处，离一段距离+of:+具体距离
Keep...at a distance:与...保持一定距离,疏远，冷淡
Keep one’s distance from...:与...保持距离；疏远，避免与...亲近
Keep... at an arm’s distance:与...保持一臂的距离
Be distant from...:离...远
例10．【单句填空】
1. -Can you see the man the distance?
- Yes, I can . he is my neighbor Mr Smith, who is difficult to get along with because he always keeps everyone a distance.
2. We could see nothing in the thick fog a distance of five metres, so we got lost.
3. His house stands on a hill and can be seen from a of two miles while my house is ten miles from his, and our two families are related.(distant)
考点11：Alive(adj):活着，有活力；激动兴奋 （-人/物-可表可后定）living,live,lively
Living(adj):活着的；在使用的 （-人/物-前置定语）
Live(adj):活着的； （前置定语）
：现场直播的，现场演出的
Lively(adj):生气勃勃的，充满趣味的 （-人/物-可表，定，补语）
例11．【单句填空】
1. At the end of the two weeks of the summer camp, the kids will perform a show.
2. Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad for all things in the world;but it is not the only one kind of pollution.
3. Early humans got the salt they needed to stay from the animals they killed.
4. This city-once a small fishing village- is today an international business center.
5. The river was once with fishes, but now we find none as a result of pollution.
考点12： Worth(adj):（指行动）值得，有价值； （用well修饰）（表，后定）
：有...价值，值...钱； (n):价值=value;价值...的东西
1： Sth is worth +n/pron:某事值得...
Sth is (well) worth doing:某事（很）值得
It’s well worth doing sth:做某事是很值得的
Sth is worth it.:...是值得的
2： sth /sb is worthy of+ n:某事/某人值得......
Sth is worthy of being done:某事值得做
Sth is worthy to be done:某事值得做
3： it is worthwhile doing sth:做某事是值得的
It is worthwhile to do sth:做某事是值得的
例12．【单句填空】
1. Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth because when we weigh the risk and the reward(回报) , the risk seems worth (take).
2. The car was beautiful, and I thought it was worthwhile it. But my friend Jack said it was not worthy of , because it was too expensive.(buy)
3. The young designer, whose design for the building won an international award, is worthy
( respect).
4. 参加这样的活动是值得的。
拓展1：
Turn up:调大声；偶然出现；到达，来到，露面；（尤指失去后偶然）被发现，被找到
1. Tom had to turn the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
2. I turned and saw a pleasant woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.
3. Suddenly wheat pennies began turning on the sidewalks of New York everywhere.
拓展2：
Lose track of...:与...失去联系=lose touch with..；.忘记；
Keep track of...:记录；与...保持联系=get in touch with
Be out of touch with sb - (反义) keep in touch with/ be in touch with sb
【真题演练】
I. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the box below. Change the form where necessary.
A. volunteer B. routine C. particular D. inspire E. challenge F. scene
G. reflect H. acquire I. typical J. unique K. domestic
1. The carvings represent a hunting . 这些雕刻作品描绘了一幅狩猎的场面。
2. The new government's first is the economy. 新政府面临的第一项挑战是经济。
3. The ocean would more heat and light. 海洋会反射更多的光和热。
4. Ted was very about the colours he used.特德对于他使用的颜色是非常挑剔的。
5. Aunt Mary to clean up the kitchen.玛丽姨妈主动要求打扫厨房。
6. Administrative personnel should also some technical skills. 管理人员也应该学几门手艺。
7. The window had been replaced last week during maintenance. 那窗在上星期的例行检修中已被换掉了。
8. This success will me to greater efforts. 这次成功大大地鼓励了我下次更加努力。
9. This painting is a work of Rembrandt(伦勃朗). 这幅画是一幅典型的伦勃朗作品。
10. Mary is a very interesting person who has her interpretation of life. 玛丽是一个非常有趣的人，她对生活有着独特的理解。
1-5：scene; challenge; reflect; particular; volunteered
6-10: acquire; routine; inspire; typical; unique
【过关检测】
A
Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast? Recently a test was given in the United States. Those tested included people of different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfast, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effort than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention in class. Contrary to what many people believe , people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce other meals.
30. The title of the passage should be ________.
A. the importance of breakfast
B. the result of a test
C. breakfast will make you clever
D. breakfast is more important than other meals
31. During the test, those who were tested were given ________.
A. no breakfast at all B. very rich breakfast
C. little food for breakfast D. different foods or none.
32. The passage mentions that many people believe that if you don't eat breakfast, you will ________.
A. lose weight B. not lose weight
C. be healthier D. gain a lot of weight
【答案】30. A 31. D 32. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文中通过一个实验向大家说明了吃早餐的重要性。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，文章第一句就提出了本文要解决的问题“Will it matter if you don’t take your breakfast?（你不吃早饭有关系吗？）”，并且由实验结果“The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effort than if he or she has no breakfast.（结果显示如果吃了合适的早餐，他或她就会比不吃早餐的人工作的更努力）”以及“You will probably lose more weight if you reduce other meals.（减少其它饭量你可能会减肥。）”可知，吃早餐时很重要的。结合段首提出的问题以及文中给出的结果可知，本文强调吃饭的重要性。故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。由文中的“During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfast, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all.（在实验中，这些人被给与不同种类的早餐，有时候不给早餐）”可知，参加实验的人员吃不同的早餐或者不吃早餐。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。由文中的“Contrary to what many people believe , people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing.（与很多人以为的不同，在中午的时候人们会变的非常饿，以至于午饭吃了太多，结果会变的更重而不是会起到减肥的效果）”可知，人们以为的是与这一结果相反的情况，人们以为不吃早饭就能减肥。故选A。
【点睛】主旨大意题是篇章阅读一个主要的考查方式，标题题（best title）是其一个典型的考点，也是高考阅读中每年的必考题。主旨大意题解题技巧是不要被文章细节所干扰。一般有两种方式解题：一是看首尾段，根据首尾段内容总结主题思想；二是看每段段首句，根据所有段首句总结主题思想。例如本文中的第一题，这是一篇说明文，文章一开始就用一个问句（Will it matter if you don’t take your breakfast?你不吃早饭有关系吗？）引出了本文谈论的话题：吃早饭有没有关系？在实验结果与段落最后的解释中都处处体现了吃早饭的重要性。结合这问题与答案，可知本文强调吃早饭的重要性。故选A。
B
Every one needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do so many things together with. Surely, there are times when we need to be alone. We don't always want people around. But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.
No two people are the same. Sometimes friends don't get along well. That doesn't mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will go on being friends. Sometimes friends move away. Then they feel very sad. We miss them very much. But we can call them and write to them. Maybe we would never see them again. And we can make new friends. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them. Families sometimes name their children after a close friend. Many places are named after men and women, if they are friendly to people in town. Some libraries are named this way. So are some schools. We think of these people when we go to these places.
There's more good news for people, if they have friends. These people live longer than those who don't have friends. Why? It could be that they are happier. Being happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares about you. If someone cares about you, you take better care of yourself.
33. Which of the following is what the writer doesn't say in the passage?
A. People are happy when their friends leave them.
B Maybe people will never see their friends after their friends move away.
C. People can know their friends in different ways.
D. People like their friends very much if they get to know them.
34. Which of the following is the most probable place people name after friendly people?
A. A house B. A room.
C. A village D. A library
35. This passage tells us ________.
A. that people are all friends B. that people need friends
C. how to get to know friends D. how to name a place
【答案】33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要描述了我们的朋友问题，告诉我们朋友在我们的生活中必不可少。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。文章第二段中的“Sometimes friends move away…Maybe we would never see them again.（有时朋友离开了……可能我们不会再见到他们）”与选项B相符合。由第二段中的“But we can call them and write to them.（我们可以给他们打电话或给他们写信）”可知，人们可以用不同的方式了解朋友，与选项C相符合。第二段中的“It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.（令人惊讶的是你越了解这些新朋友就会越喜欢他们）”与选项D内容相符。只有选项A的内容文中没有提到，文中与之相关的内容是“Sometimes friends move away. Then they feel very sad. We miss them very much.（有时候朋友离开了，他们会伤心，我们会很想念他们）”，并没有提到当朋友离开时人们会开心。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“Many places are named after men and women, if they are friendly to people in town. Some libraries are named this way. So are some schools.（很多地方以对他们很友好的男人或女人的名字命名。一些图书馆是这样命名的。一些学校也是这样命名的。）”可知，以友人的名字命名最多的地方可能是图书馆和学校。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文。文章第一段就点明中心“Every one needs friends.（每个人都需要朋友。）”，文章最后一段中“There’s more good news for people, if they have friends.（如果人们有朋友，还有更多的好处）”进一步强调了有朋友的好处，所以本文主要告诉我们人们需要朋友。故选B。
C
I came to study in the United States a year ago .Yet I did not know the real American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court.
After the accident .my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, I’d have to have a good lawyer. And only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer .Now that he had helped me find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him.
But every day I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time .The final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.
My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss him. And he made me pay him $770.
Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance company the date I was leaving America. Knowing that, they played for time…and I left without getting a cent.
36. The author’s roommate offered to help him because________.
A. he felt sorry for the author
B. he thought it was a chance to make some money
C. he knew the doctor was a very good one
D. he wanted the author to have a good lawyer
37. The word“charge”in the third paragraph means_________ .
A. be responsible B. accuse
C. ask as a price D. claim
38. Both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very__________.
A. friendly B. selfish
C. professional D. busy
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过一件交通事故，才真正认识到美国是什么样的。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段描述的事情的经过“After the accident my roommate called a doctor for me…But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done.（事故发生后，我的舍友给我叫了一个医生……第二天，他让我为他所做的付$200）”可知，作者的舍友帮助他是因为那个舍友认为这是一个赚钱的机会。故选B。
【37题详解】
词义猜测题。由划线单词所在的位置可知，划线单词是与金钱联系在一起的。文章中涉及到金钱的动词有“asked me to pay him $200（让我付他$200）”、“cost me $215（花掉我$215）”，划线单词与pay，cost是上下呼应的，所以据此可推断划线单词意思为“要价……”。A. be responsible负责；B. accuse 指控；C. ask as a price 要价；D. claim宣称，声称。故选C。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。文章第三段描述的是医生的行为：“每次去看医生，要等大约50分钟。每次医生会同时看2到三个病人，经常在给一个病人看到一半的时候去给另外一个人看病。”可知医生是很不负责任的。文章第四段描述的是律师的行为：“第一次见面的时候全程微笑。从那之后就躲着不见我。即使知道对方负全责，他也不做什么，就等着收我钱。”，可知，律师也是很不负责任的。总之，医生和律师都不为客户着想，都只想收钱，很自私。
A. friendly友好的；B. selfish自私的；C. professional职业的；D. busy繁忙的。故选B。
【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词猜测词义。这种题型的解法主要是在生词前后找到其释义句。例如本题中的第二题，就是生词猜测词义。我们根据文章前后多次出现的与金钱有关的动词，可以找到划线词汇与这些词之间的呼应关系。由此可推断出单词意思。所以呼应关系是解猜测词义题的关键。
D
John Blanchard was studying the crowd making their way through the station. He was looking for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn’t, the girl with the rose.
When reading a book in a Florida library a year before, John became interested not in the contents of the book, but in the notes penciled in the margin. The handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and beautiful mind. He discovered the former owner’s name in the front of the book: Miss Hollis Maynell.
He located her address and wrote a letter introducing himself. The next day he was shipped overseas to serve in the army. During the next year, they grew to know each other through the mail and their friendship developed. John requested a photograph, but she refused, saying if he really cared, it wouldn’t matter what she looked like. When the day finally came for him to return home, their first meeting was suggested — 7:00 p.m. at the Grand Central Station in New York.
She wrote, “You’ll recognize me by the red rose I wear on my coat.” So now John was in the station to meet the girl with a rose.
As a pretty and slim girl in green came over, John noticed her blue eyes like flowers in spring. He walked directly towards her, entirely forgetting she was not wearing a rose. As John came closer to her, he saw another woman with a red rose stood nearby. Well past 40, this woman had graying hair done under a worn hat. Seeing the girl in green walk quickly away, John felt as if he were split in two.
He desired to follow that girl, but longed for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned and supported him.
The woman looked gentle and sensible. John went to her, saying, “I’m Captain John Blanchard. You must be Miss Maynell. I am glad to meet you here. May I take you to dinner?”
She replied with a smile, “I don’t know what this is about. But the lady in green who just went by, begged me to wear this rose on my coat. She said if you asked me out to dinner, I’d tell you she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!”
39. John was eager to know the former owner of the book because he ______.
A. was very interested in the contents of the book
B. was impressed by the notes written by its owner
C. wanted to improve his handwriting
D. wanted to discuss the book with her
40. What happened to John after getting in touch with Miss Hollis Maynell?
A. He served in the army abroad.
B. He went overseas for vacation.
C. He went on a business trip in New York.
D. He visited Miss Maynell.
41. What do we know about the woman with a rose?
A. She was Miss Maynell’s close friend.
B. She was a waitress in the big restaurant.
C. She was probably a passerby.
D. She was paid to meet John at the Station.
42. Which would be the best title of the text?
A. An Interesting Book B. A Woman With a Rose
C. A Brave Soldier D. A Love Test
【答案】39. B 40. A 41. C 42. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是Miss Hollis Maynell和John Blanchard在多年交流以后的初次见面的戏剧的故事。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中John became interested not in the contents of the book, but in the notes penciled in the margin(空白处). The handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and beautiful mind.可知，他对对方所作的笔记吸引，这字迹反映了一个深思熟虑的灵魂和美丽的心灵。所以他是被前任所有者的笔记吸引。故选B。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中The next day he was shipped overseas to serve in the army.可知，他在国外的军队里面服役，故选A。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中She replied with a smile, “I don’t know what this is about. But the lady in green who just went by, begged me to wear this rose on my coat.”可知，这个女人对于这一切一无所知，只是Miss Hollis Maynell临时找来的。她可能只是一个过路人。故选C。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中She said it was some kind of test!及全文内容可知，本文讲述的是Miss Hollis Maynell和John Blanchard在多年交流以后的初次见面相互考验的故事。故D项：A Love Test(一个爱的测试)是最佳标题。故选D。
语法填空
A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）
For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21)________(create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.
The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)________(develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23)________helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24)________(group) by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.
The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25)________she lived and Yang's birthday.
“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26)________(connect) with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake, (27)________venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding campaign in March last year to support her 37/we/es^ app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.
At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28)________ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.
Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)________because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders. “Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action，’’ she said “(30) ________ ________ _______yon get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s on board and can get behind it，you’ll eventually find that team of people.”
21. has created 22. developing 23. that 24. to be grouped 25. where
26. connected 27. but 28. whose 29. themselves 30. As long as
第10讲 Unit4 Friends forever （词汇与阅读）
【学习目标】
1. 提前预习新外研版必修一Unit4的重点词汇和阅读
2. 掌握中高考阅读理解区别和题型解题技巧
3. 掌握常见三种构词法
【基础知识】
一．重点词汇学习
1.familiar adj.
2.prefer vt.
3. deliver v.
4.click v.
5.enable v.
6.tend v.
7. significant adj.
8. advance.
9. acquire v.
10.prove v.
11. patience n.
12.unfortunately adv.
13.inspiring adj.
14.passion n.
15.generosity n.
16 humor n.
17.quality n.
18.distance n.
19. anxious
20.postpone v.
21.strike v.
22.scar n.
23.scene n.
24.unfold v.
25..ordinary adj.
26.hustle v.
27.ashamed adj..
28. surroundings
29.personality
30.appointed adj.
31.thanks to
32.atmosphere
33.ought to
34.turn up
35.location
36.bitterly
重点词汇答案：见教材词汇表
二． 重点词汇解析
考点一：Mean(vt)-meant-meant:意味着，意思是有...的目的，打算
(adj):吝啬的；刻薄的，不善良的
Mean to do sth:打算做某事
Had meant to do sth:本打算做某事
Be meant for...:注定适合...
Be meant to do sth:应该做某事；意在做某事
Be mean with...:在...方面吝啬
Be mean to sb:对某人吝啬
例1．【单句填空】
1. I didn’t mean (eat) anything, but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help
(try) it.
2. Don’t be mean fabric(布料), otherwise curtains will end up looking ugly.
3. While sending flowers as gifts, we can’t choose flowers arbitrarily（任意地）,because different flowers may carry different (mean).
4. The earth is our home. We must take care of it. This means (keep) the land, water and air clean.
Add pictures to your journal. Even though your journal is meant writing, pictures are still worth a thousand words.
答案：1, to eat trying 2, with 3， meanings 4， keeping for
考点二：Advance(n):进步，进展；前进，行进
(v):前进，行进；发展，进步；促进，推动
Advanced(adj):先进的，高级的 ;预先的，事先的
advancement(n):发展，前进；提升
Make an advance/advances in...:在...方面取得进展=make progress in...
In advance:预先，事先=ahead of time
In advance of:在...前面；（发展上）超前
Advance on/towards:朝向...前进 +across/through:前进穿过...
Not to advance is to go back:不进则退
例2．【单句填空】
1. I have worked here as a typist for about a year, and I’d like to have a chance of .
2. There will be a discount on the cost of the 6-week English course if you pay advance.
3.China is building the world’s largest earthquake alert system and it’s possibly the most .
4. 当学生们在课前得知这一令人兴奋的消息时，他们高兴得跳了起来。
When students were told the exciting news the class, they jumped with joy.
5.看！一群孩子正向动物园前进。
Look! A group of children the zoo.
答案： 1， advancement 2, in 3, advanced
考点三：Enable(vt):使可能；使发生；使有机会；使成为可能
Disable(vt):使伤残；使残废
Enable ... to do sth:使...能够/有机会做某事；使...做某事成为可能
En- -en (v):
Enrich:使丰富
Endanger:使遭危险
Enjoy encourage shorten broaden sharpen strengthen:加强，增强
例3．【单句填空】
1. However, your willingness to deal with these problems will finally (able) you to work them out.
2. In the past few weeks , to (courage) students for the Olympics, a large number of universities have begun to offer academic credits(学分).
3. Technological developments all through the years have enabled us (do) more with less effort.
答案：1， enable 2, encourage 3, to do
考点四：Remain（系v):仍然是，保持；(vi):逗留，不离去；剩余，遗留（不用进行和被动）；
仍需做（或说，处理）
Remains(n):剩余物，剩饭菜；遗迹；遗骸
例4．【单句填空】
1. The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building
(remain) now.
2. remains to be seen whether Jim will be fit enough to take part in the competition.
3. This painting was completed in 1988 and is one of the only four (remain) pieces in the world.
4. Whether we can raise enough money to carry out the project remains (discuss).
5. 这听起来是个好主意，可是它能否成功尚待观察。
It sounds like a good idea, but whether it will succeed.
答案： 1， remained 2, There 3, remaining 4, to be discussed
考点五：Tend(v):往往会，常常就；趋向，倾向，易于做某事；照料，照管，护理
Tendency(n):倾向，趋势
Tend to do sth:常常会做某事
Tend to /towards sth:趋向，趋于....
Tend (to) sb /sth:照料...=attend to sb/sth
Have a tendency to do sth:有做某事的倾向
例5．【单句填空】
1. There is a widespread (tend) that more and more young people choose online shopping rather than go to stores to buy what they like.
2. We tend (have) a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to (吸引) our emotions than for straight facts.
3. Some people have a natural tendency (compare) themselves with others with the hope of getting satisfaction.
4. 他的工作是照看羊。
答案： 1， tendency 2， to have 3, to compare
考点六：Present(v):展现，显示；把...交给，颁发，授予；到场，出现；(n):礼物，赠品；目前；(adj):当前的，现存的；出席，在场（后置定语）
Presence(n) - absence(n):
Present oneself:展示自己
Present sth to sb/ present sb with sth:将某物授予/赠与某人
At the present time=at present：目前
For the present=for the time being:暂且，暂时
Be present at:出席.... be absent from...:缺席
In /during one’s presence=in the presence of sb:在某人面前；有某人在场
In /during one’s absence:某人不在时
例6．【单句填空】
1. The Olympic Sports Center is being built present in the city and is said to be open to the public in 2019.
2. I was the only one in our class present the meeting yesterday.
3. No matter what country he visited, he called on the ruler of the land, presenting valuable gifts him to express China’s sincere desire to develop friendly relations.
他把宝剑(sword)捐赠给了博物馆。
考点七：Patience(un):耐心，忍耐力；-(adj):patient -(adv):patiently
Impatience:不耐烦，无耐心
Be /out of patience with...:对...失去耐心/无法忍受
Have no patience with...:对...没有耐心，无法忍受...
Lose one’s patience:失去耐心
With patience:耐心地
Try one’s patience:考验某人的耐心极限
Patience is a virtue.
例7．【单句填空】
1. With enough time and , gaining trust and changing wrong beliefs is possible.
2. In the following weeks, Sally worked out 10 class rules and posted them on the walls of the classroom. She explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.
3. I called him several times, but each time his secretary told me that he was in a meeting and that he would call me later. So I waited and waited, and was growing with no call.
考点八：Anxious(adj):焦虑的 ，担心的；渴望的 (adv):anxiously:焦虑地，不安地
Anxiety(n):担心，忧虑；渴望
With anxiety:焦虑地
Anxiety about/over....:对...的焦虑
Anxiety for...:对...的渴望
Be anxious for s/about sb/sth:为...担心/担忧
Be anxious for=be eager for =be keen on...:渴望......
Be anxious to do sth渴望做某事
Be anxious that...(should) do sth:渴望..做某事
例8．【单句填空】
1. According to Life in Likes, as children grew, they became more anxious (get) more public approval（认可）。
2. It has been pointed out that what plays a vital role in driving away one’s (anxious) is one’s sweet childhood memories.
3. Jack still can’t help being anxious his job interview.
4. 我进入房间时，她正在电话旁焦急地等待着。
When I entered the room, she was waiting by the phone.(anxiety)
考点九：Strike-struck-struck-striking(vt):划火柴；敲，报时；撞击，碰撞；打击；（灾难，疾病）侵袭，爆发；给...印象；打动，把...迷住；使（寒气，恐惧等）侵入，进入；突然想到
(n):罢工
Strike sb+介词+the +身体部位：击打某人某处
Be struck by...:被...打动
Strike sb as sth:给某人以...印象
Strike...into one’s heart:使...进入某人心中，使某人感到...
Sth strikes sb:某人突然想到...
It strikes sb that/how/what...:某人突然想到......
Be (out) on strike:在罢工
Come out on/ go on strike:举行罢工
例9．【单句填空】
1. Mr Wills, who was helped up onto the platform to take the prize, looked as if he had
(strike) by lighting.
1. It struck me we could advertise our products on the Internet.
2. The news that our team had won the competition struck excitement our hearts.
3. When he said something rude about my mother, I wanted to strike him on face with the peanut butter and sandwiches.
考点十：Distance(vt):使与...保持距离；撇清与...的关系
(n):距离，间距，间隔；冷淡，疏远
Distant(adj):遥远的，久远的；远处的；远亲的 -(adv):distantly:远地；冷淡地；远亲关系地
Distance yourself (from sth):撇清你自己（与......)
In the distance:在远处，在远方
From/at a distance:从远处，离一段距离+of:+具体距离
Keep...at a distance:与...保持一定距离,疏远，冷淡
Keep one’s distance from...:与...保持距离；疏远，避免与...亲近
Keep... at an arm’s distance:与...保持一臂的距离
Be distant from...:离...远
例10．【单句填空】
1. -Can you see the man the distance?
- Yes, I can . he is my neighbor Mr Smith, who is difficult to get along with because he always keeps everyone a distance.
2. We could see nothing in the thick fog a distance of five metres, so we got lost.
3. His house stands on a hill and can be seen from a of two miles while my house is ten miles from his, and our two families are related.(distant)
考点11：Alive(adj):活着，有活力；激动兴奋 （-人/物-可表可后定）living,live,lively
Living(adj):活着的；在使用的 （-人/物-前置定语）
Live(adj):活着的； （前置定语）
：现场直播的，现场演出的
Lively(adj):生气勃勃的，充满趣味的 （-人/物-可表，定，补语）
例11．【单句填空】
1. At the end of the two weeks of the summer camp, the kids will perform a show.
2. Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad for all things in the world;but it is not the only one kind of pollution.
3. Early humans got the salt they needed to stay from the animals they killed.
4. This city-once a small fishing village- is today an international business center.
5. The river was once with fishes, but now we find none as a result of pollution.
考点12： Worth(adj):（指行动）值得，有价值； （用well修饰）（表，后定）
：有...价值，值...钱； (n):价值=value;价值...的东西
1： Sth is worth +n/pron:某事值得...
Sth is (well) worth doing:某事（很）值得
It’s well worth doing sth:做某事是很值得的
Sth is worth it.:...是值得的
2： sth /sb is worthy of+ n:某事/某人值得......
Sth is worthy of being done:某事值得做
Sth is worthy to be done:某事值得做
3： it is worthwhile doing sth:做某事是值得的
It is worthwhile to do sth:做某事是值得的
例12．【单句填空】
1. Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth because when we weigh the risk and the reward(回报) , the risk seems worth (take).
2. The car was beautiful, and I thought it was worthwhile it. But my friend Jack said it was not worthy of , because it was too expensive.(buy)
3. The young designer, whose design for the building won an international award, is worthy
( respect).
4. 参加这样的活动是值得的。
拓展1：
Turn up:调大声；偶然出现；到达，来到，露面；（尤指失去后偶然）被发现，被找到
1. Tom had to turn the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
2. I turned and saw a pleasant woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.
3. Suddenly wheat pennies began turning on the sidewalks of New York everywhere.
拓展2：
Lose track of...:与...失去联系=lose touch with..；.忘记；
Keep track of...:记录；与...保持联系=get in touch with
Be out of touch with sb - (反义) keep in touch with/ be in touch with sb
【真题演练】
I. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the box below. Change the form where necessary.
A. volunteer B. routine C. particular D. inspire E. challenge F. scene
G. reflect H. acquire I. typical J. unique K. domestic
1. The carvings represent a hunting . 这些雕刻作品描绘了一幅狩猎的场面。
2. The new government's first is the economy. 新政府面临的第一项挑战是经济。
3. The ocean would more heat and light. 海洋会反射更多的光和热。
4. Ted was very about the colours he used.特德对于他使用的颜色是非常挑剔的。
5. Aunt Mary to clean up the kitchen.玛丽姨妈主动要求打扫厨房。
6. Administrative personnel should also some technical skills. 管理人员也应该学几门手艺。
7. The window had been replaced last week during maintenance. 那窗在上星期的例行检修中已被换掉了。
8. This success will me to greater efforts. 这次成功大大地鼓励了我下次更加努力。
9. This painting is a work of Rembrandt(伦勃朗). 这幅画是一幅典型的伦勃朗作品。
10. Mary is a very interesting person who has her interpretation of life. 玛丽是一个非常有趣的人，她对生活有着独特的理解。
1-5：scene; challenge; reflect; particular; volunteered
6-10: acquire; routine; inspire; typical; unique
【过关检测】
A
Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast? Recently a test was given in the United States. Those tested included people of different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfast, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effort than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention in class. Contrary to what many people believe , people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce other meals.
30. The title of the passage should be ________.
A. the importance of breakfast
B. the result of a test
C. breakfast will make you clever
D. breakfast is more important than other meals
31. During the test, those who were tested were given ________.
A. no breakfast at all B. very rich breakfast
C. little food for breakfast D. different foods or none.
32. The passage mentions that many people believe that if you don't eat breakfast, you will ________.
A. lose weight B. not lose weight
C. be healthier D. gain a lot of weight
【答案】30. A 31. D 32. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文中通过一个实验向大家说明了吃早餐的重要性。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，文章第一句就提出了本文要解决的问题“Will it matter if you don’t take your breakfast?（你不吃早饭有关系吗？）”，并且由实验结果“The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effort than if he or she has no breakfast.（结果显示如果吃了合适的早餐，他或她就会比不吃早餐的人工作的更努力）”以及“You will probably lose more weight if you reduce other meals.（减少其它饭量你可能会减肥。）”可知，吃早餐时很重要的。结合段首提出的问题以及文中给出的结果可知，本文强调吃饭的重要性。故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。由文中的“During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfast, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all.（在实验中，这些人被给与不同种类的早餐，有时候不给早餐）”可知，参加实验的人员吃不同的早餐或者不吃早餐。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。由文中的“Contrary to what many people believe , people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing.（与很多人以为的不同，在中午的时候人们会变的非常饿，以至于午饭吃了太多，结果会变的更重而不是会起到减肥的效果）”可知，人们以为的是与这一结果相反的情况，人们以为不吃早饭就能减肥。故选A。
【点睛】主旨大意题是篇章阅读一个主要的考查方式，标题题（best title）是其一个典型的考点，也是高考阅读中每年的必考题。主旨大意题解题技巧是不要被文章细节所干扰。一般有两种方式解题：一是看首尾段，根据首尾段内容总结主题思想；二是看每段段首句，根据所有段首句总结主题思想。例如本文中的第一题，这是一篇说明文，文章一开始就用一个问句（Will it matter if you don’t take your breakfast?你不吃早饭有关系吗？）引出了本文谈论的话题：吃早饭有没有关系？在实验结果与段落最后的解释中都处处体现了吃早饭的重要性。结合这问题与答案，可知本文强调吃早饭的重要性。故选A。
B
Every one needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do so many things together with. Surely, there are times when we need to be alone. We don't always want people around. But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.
No two people are the same. Sometimes friends don't get along well. That doesn't mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will go on being friends. Sometimes friends move away. Then they feel very sad. We miss them very much. But we can call them and write to them. Maybe we would never see them again. And we can make new friends. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them. Families sometimes name their children after a close friend. Many places are named after men and women, if they are friendly to people in town. Some libraries are named this way. So are some schools. We think of these people when we go to these places.
There's more good news for people, if they have friends. These people live longer than those who don't have friends. Why? It could be that they are happier. Being happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares about you. If someone cares about you, you take better care of yourself.
33. Which of the following is what the writer doesn't say in the passage?
A. People are happy when their friends leave them.
B Maybe people will never see their friends after their friends move away.
C. People can know their friends in different ways.
D. People like their friends very much if they get to know them.
34. Which of the following is the most probable place people name after friendly people?
A. A house B. A room.
C. A village D. A library
35. This passage tells us ________.
A. that people are all friends B. that people need friends
C. how to get to know friends D. how to name a place
【答案】33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要描述了我们的朋友问题，告诉我们朋友在我们的生活中必不可少。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。文章第二段中的“Sometimes friends move away…Maybe we would never see them again.（有时朋友离开了……可能我们不会再见到他们）”与选项B相符合。由第二段中的“But we can call them and write to them.（我们可以给他们打电话或给他们写信）”可知，人们可以用不同的方式了解朋友，与选项C相符合。第二段中的“It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.（令人惊讶的是你越了解这些新朋友就会越喜欢他们）”与选项D内容相符。只有选项A的内容文中没有提到，文中与之相关的内容是“Sometimes friends move away. Then they feel very sad. We miss them very much.（有时候朋友离开了，他们会伤心，我们会很想念他们）”，并没有提到当朋友离开时人们会开心。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“Many places are named after men and women, if they are friendly to people in town. Some libraries are named this way. So are some schools.（很多地方以对他们很友好的男人或女人的名字命名。一些图书馆是这样命名的。一些学校也是这样命名的。）”可知，以友人的名字命名最多的地方可能是图书馆和学校。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文。文章第一段就点明中心“Every one needs friends.（每个人都需要朋友。）”，文章最后一段中“There’s more good news for people, if they have friends.（如果人们有朋友，还有更多的好处）”进一步强调了有朋友的好处，所以本文主要告诉我们人们需要朋友。故选B。
C
I came to study in the United States a year ago .Yet I did not know the real American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court.
After the accident .my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, I’d have to have a good lawyer. And only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer .Now that he had helped me find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him.
But every day I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time .The final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.
My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss him. And he made me pay him $770.
Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance company the date I was leaving America. Knowing that, they played for time…and I left without getting a cent.
36. The author’s roommate offered to help him because________.
A. he felt sorry for the author
B. he thought it was a chance to make some money
C. he knew the doctor was a very good one
D. he wanted the author to have a good lawyer
37. The word“charge”in the third paragraph means_________ .
A. be responsible B. accuse
C. ask as a price D. claim
38. Both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very__________.
A. friendly B. selfish
C. professional D. busy
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过一件交通事故，才真正认识到美国是什么样的。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段描述的事情的经过“After the accident my roommate called a doctor for me…But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done.（事故发生后，我的舍友给我叫了一个医生……第二天，他让我为他所做的付$200）”可知，作者的舍友帮助他是因为那个舍友认为这是一个赚钱的机会。故选B。
【37题详解】
词义猜测题。由划线单词所在的位置可知，划线单词是与金钱联系在一起的。文章中涉及到金钱的动词有“asked me to pay him $200（让我付他$200）”、“cost me $215（花掉我$215）”，划线单词与pay，cost是上下呼应的，所以据此可推断划线单词意思为“要价……”。A. be responsible负责；B. accuse 指控；C. ask as a price 要价；D. claim宣称，声称。故选C。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。文章第三段描述的是医生的行为：“每次去看医生，要等大约50分钟。每次医生会同时看2到三个病人，经常在给一个病人看到一半的时候去给另外一个人看病。”可知医生是很不负责任的。文章第四段描述的是律师的行为：“第一次见面的时候全程微笑。从那之后就躲着不见我。即使知道对方负全责，他也不做什么，就等着收我钱。”，可知，律师也是很不负责任的。总之，医生和律师都不为客户着想，都只想收钱，很自私。
A. friendly友好的；B. selfish自私的；C. professional职业的；D. busy繁忙的。故选B。
【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词猜测词义。这种题型的解法主要是在生词前后找到其释义句。例如本题中的第二题，就是生词猜测词义。我们根据文章前后多次出现的与金钱有关的动词，可以找到划线词汇与这些词之间的呼应关系。由此可推断出单词意思。所以呼应关系是解猜测词义题的关键。
D
John Blanchard was studying the crowd making their way through the station. He was looking for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn’t, the girl with the rose.
When reading a book in a Florida library a year before, John became interested not in the contents of the book, but in the notes penciled in the margin. The handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and beautiful mind. He discovered the former owner’s name in the front of the book: Miss Hollis Maynell.
He located her address and wrote a letter introducing himself. The next day he was shipped overseas to serve in the army. During the next year, they grew to know each other through the mail and their friendship developed. John requested a photograph, but she refused, saying if he really cared, it wouldn’t matter what she looked like. When the day finally came for him to return home, their first meeting was suggested — 7:00 p.m. at the Grand Central Station in New York.
She wrote, “You’ll recognize me by the red rose I wear on my coat.” So now John was in the station to meet the girl with a rose.
As a pretty and slim girl in green came over, John noticed her blue eyes like flowers in spring. He walked directly towards her, entirely forgetting she was not wearing a rose. As John came closer to her, he saw another woman with a red rose stood nearby. Well past 40, this woman had graying hair done under a worn hat. Seeing the girl in green walk quickly away, John felt as if he were split in two.
He desired to follow that girl, but longed for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned and supported him.
The woman looked gentle and sensible. John went to her, saying, “I’m Captain John Blanchard. You must be Miss Maynell. I am glad to meet you here. May I take you to dinner?”
She replied with a smile, “I don’t know what this is about. But the lady in green who just went by, begged me to wear this rose on my coat. She said if you asked me out to dinner, I’d tell you she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!”
39. John was eager to know the former owner of the book because he ______.
A. was very interested in the contents of the book
B. was impressed by the notes written by its owner
C. wanted to improve his handwriting
D. wanted to discuss the book with her
40. What happened to John after getting in touch with Miss Hollis Maynell?
A. He served in the army abroad.
B. He went overseas for vacation.
C. He went on a business trip in New York.
D. He visited Miss Maynell.
41. What do we know about the woman with a rose?
A. She was Miss Maynell’s close friend.
B. She was a waitress in the big restaurant.
C. She was probably a passerby.
D. She was paid to meet John at the Station.
42. Which would be the best title of the text?
A. An Interesting Book B. A Woman With a Rose
C. A Brave Soldier D. A Love Test
【答案】39. B 40. A 41. C 42. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是Miss Hollis Maynell和John Blanchard在多年交流以后的初次见面的戏剧的故事。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中John became interested not in the contents of the book, but in the notes penciled in the margin(空白处). The handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and beautiful mind.可知，他对对方所作的笔记吸引，这字迹反映了一个深思熟虑的灵魂和美丽的心灵。所以他是被前任所有者的笔记吸引。故选B。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中The next day he was shipped overseas to serve in the army.可知，他在国外的军队里面服役，故选A。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中She replied with a smile, “I don’t know what this is about. But the lady in green who just went by, begged me to wear this rose on my coat.”可知，这个女人对于这一切一无所知，只是Miss Hollis Maynell临时找来的。她可能只是一个过路人。故选C。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中She said it was some kind of test!及全文内容可知，本文讲述的是Miss Hollis Maynell和John Blanchard在多年交流以后的初次见面相互考验的故事。故D项：A Love Test(一个爱的测试)是最佳标题。故选D。
语法填空
A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）
For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21)________(create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.
The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)________(develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23)________helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24)________(group) by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.
The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25)________she lived and Yang's birthday.
“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26)________(connect) with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake, (27)________venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding campaign in March last year to support her 37/we/es^ app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.
At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28)________ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.
Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)________because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders. “Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action，’’ she said “(30) ________ ________ _______yon get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s on board and can get behind it，you’ll eventually find that team of people.”
21. has created 22. developing 23. that 24. to be grouped 25. where
26. connected 27. but 28. whose 29. themselves 30. As long as
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