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【暑假初升高】外研版英语九年级（升高一）暑假预习-第12讲-必修一Unit6 词汇和阅读 讲学案
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这是一份【暑假初升高】外研版英语九年级（升高一）暑假预习-第12讲-必修一Unit6 词汇和阅读 讲学案，文件包含第12讲必修一Unit6词汇和阅读解析版docx、第12讲必修一Unit6词汇和阅读原卷版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共29页， 欢迎下载使用。
第12讲 Unit6 At one with nature （词汇与阅读）
【学习目标】
1. 提前预习新外研版必修一Unit4的重点词汇和阅读
2. 掌握中高考阅读理解区别和题型解题技巧
3. 掌握常见三种构词法
【基础知识】
一．重点词汇学习
1.steep adj.
2.wrap v.
3. harm v.
4.replace v.
5.design v.
6.complete v.
7. shallow adj.
8. region n.
9. material n.
10. crop n.
11. agriculture n.
12.therefore adv.
13.national adj.
14.prevent v.
15.consumer n.
16.barrier n.
17.structure n.
18.dynasty n.
19. living
20.benefit v.
21.limit v.
22.flavor n.
23.energy n.
24.rent v.
25..narrow adj.
26.publish v.
27.pleasant adj..
28. system
29.branch
30.expert adj.
31.climate
32.desert
33.channel
34.tunnel
35.grand
36.green fingers
重点词汇答案：见教材词汇表
二． 重点词汇解析
考点一：Cover(vt):覆盖，遮盖；占地...;行走，行驶...;够付，支付...;读了...;包含涉及；报道；
(n):封皮，封面
Cover sth with sth:用某物覆盖/遮盖某物
Be covered with sth:被某物覆盖/遮盖
Cover an area of...:占地......
*** discover(v): (n):discovery
Uncover(v):揭开盖子；揭露 coverage(n):媒体报道
例1．【单句填空】
1.含义
(1). Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing.
(2). Is the money enough to cover the expense of the meal?
(3). The front cover of the book is very beautiful.
(4).-Excuse me,but why am I not allowed to use the gym?
-No offence, but your room price doesn’t cover it.
(5) . Spain, which covers about 506,000 square kilometers, is one of the largest countries in Europe.
2. 这个学校目前占地5平方千米。
This school 5 square kilometers now. .
3. 这张桌子现在被黄色的桌布覆盖着。
The table a yellow tablecloth now.
考点二：“大量”辨析
1. Plenty of...:+可数/不可数
a quantity of...+可数名词+谓复 &+不可数名词+谓单
quantities of....+可数名词+谓复 &+不可数名词+谓复
2.Many a/an+可数名词单数（谓语同单）
3.A good/great many & a large/great /good number of...+可数名词复数
4.a great/ good deal of... & quite a little+不可数名词+（谓单）
5.a large amount of... +不可数名词+谓单
Amounts of...+不可数名词+谓复quantities of....
例2．【单句填空】
“大量”辨析
1. A great many college students (be) sent to the poor area to help the children there last month.
2. A large amount of money (be) spent on advertisements every year.
3. Plenty of attention (pay) by the government to children’s safety on school buses in recent years.
4. 改错
(1) Many a students go to school on foot every day in this area.
(2) Don’t worry. You have a plenty of time to do the work.
答案： 1， were 2, is 3, has been paid
考点三：Prevent (vt):阻止，防止 (n):prevention (adj): preventable:可预防的
Prevent sb (from) doing sth = stop sb (from) doing sth(主动时，from可省，被动不可省)
Keep sb from doing sth=ban/prohibit sb from doing sth=
Discourage sb from doing sth:劝某人不要做某事
例3．【单句填空】
1. Social phobia（社交恐惧症) prevents people (make) the normal,everyday mistakes that may help them improve their skills even further.
2. Social attention should be paid to preventing our earth from (pollute).
3. 改错
(1) Srikanth was prevented studying sciences because it was thought to be too “dangerous” for a blind student.
(2) Actually, there are grammatical mistakes made by students that keep them writing good compositions.
答案： making being polluted
考点四：Design(vt):设计，装饰；计划；构思，谋划； (n):设计，图案；构思
Be designed for......:为...而打算/设计...
Be designed to do...:目的是做，被设计用于......
By design=on purpose:故意地，有意地---（反义）by accident=by chance
Make designs for......:为...制作设计方案
例4．【单句填空】
1. If you are looking for some exciting and new music, download the app designed young people.
2. Lucy was born on January 30 th, 1998,when her aunt got married to a fashion .
3. 这些房子是专为老年人设计的.
The houses are specifically old people.
4. 不知是偶然还是有意安排，其他人走后，碰巧只剩下他们两个人了。
It happened-whether by accident or -that the two of them were left alone after all the others had gone.
答案： 1， for 2, designer 3, designed for 4, by design
考点五：Provide(vt):提供，供应，给予
Offer sb sth = offe sth to sb
Provide sb with sth= provide sth for sb
Supply sb with sth= supply sth to sb
例5．【单句填空】
1. China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System will soon provide services more countries.
2. It is a different world but one that offers huge challenges ambitious young people who are interested in how our universe works.
3. The book will supply us all the information we need.
答案： for to to
考点六：Replace(vt):代替，取代；替换，接替；把...放回原处； replacement(n):更换，替换
Replace A with /by B:用B 替换/接替/取代A
Instead of...=in place of...
Take one’s/sth’s place= take the place of...:代替。替换某人/某物
例6．【单句填空】
1. The house which I grew up in has been taken down(拆除) and replaced an office building whose walls are yellow.
2. Sending e-mails has almost taken the place writing letters.
考点七：Compare(v/n):比较，对比；将...比作；(vi):比得上，比...好/差（常用于否定）
In comparison to/with
Compare...and /with/ to...:比较...和...
Compared to/with...:与...相比（常做状语）
Beyond =without compare:无与伦比，举世无双
例7．【单句填空】
1. (compare) with people in the West, Chinese people used to eat more grain and vegetables, but less meat.
2. (compare) teachers candles, he helped the students to understand the role of teachers.
3. Comparing yourself those homeless children, you’ll find you are fortunate and happy.
4. 改错
(1) . Compare with other teachers, Mr Li pays more attention to his way of teaching.
(2) Compared the skin of the upper arm to that on the elbow , you will find the former is smoother.
考点八：Narrow(adj):狭窄的；狭隘的； 勉强的，刚刚好的；(v):使窄小，变小，缩小
Narrowly(adv):勉强地，以毫厘之差；狭隘地
Narrow-minded(adj):气量小的，小心眼的，狭隘的
A narrow escape:死里逃生
A narrow victory:险胜
Narrow the gap:缩小差距/代沟
例8．【单句填空】
1. Parents and children should communicate more to （缩小代沟）between them so that they can understand each other better.
2. Last year I has （死里逃生） form a car crash, and I don’t want to risk my life a second time.
考点九：Doubt(n):疑惑，疑问；(v):怀疑
There is no doubt that.......毫无疑问
There is some doubt whether......:尚有疑问
Have some/no doubt about......:对...有/没有怀疑
Without/beyond doubt:毫无疑问，的确
Doubt that.....(用于否定句). doubt whether/if....:(用于肯定句)
例9．【单句填空】
1. There is no doubt hard work is the key to improving your results.
2. If you have any doubt your health, you’d better consult your doctor at once.
3. There is some doubt they can complete the work on time.
4. We don’t doubt he’ll give us much help, but we do doubt he’ll come on time.
5. 毫无疑问，这是我见过的最漂亮的花园。
考点十：
Limited(adj):有限的，受（......的)限制 limitless:无限制的 limitation:限制，局限
Limit(v):限制，限定； (n):限度，限制；极限，界限
Limit...to....:把...限制在...内
Within limits:在某种程度上；有一定限制 beyond the limit:超过限度
Set a limit to/on....:对...作出限制
There is a /no limit to sth.:...是有/无限度的
例10．【单句填空】
Limited(adj):有限的，受（......的)限制 limitless:无限制的 limitation:限制，局限
1. At the meeting, all the staff had a heated discussion on the most efficient way to accomplish the plan in (limit) time.
2. Unfortunately, the research was limited to (increase) economic profits, rather than protecting the environment.
3.改错(1). There is a limit to people’s life,but no limit to learn the knowledge.
(2). Before the tourists set off, they spent much time setting a limit for the expenses of the trip.
考点11：
For the benefit of sb= for one’s benefit:为了某人的利益/为了帮助某人
Be of (great) benefit to ...:对...（很）有益=be (very) beneficial to......
To one’s benefit.:对某人有利
Benefit sb/sth:使某人/某物受益（用法同serve后面不接to/for）
Sb benefit by/from sth:某人得益于某物
Get benefit from...:从...中获益
例11．【单句填空】
Benefit(n)：益处，优势；(vt):使受益对...有用 (vi):得益于，得利于
1. Researchers at the University of Liverpool found the writing of Shakespeare, Wordsworth and the like had a (benefit) effect on our mind.
2. Some people benefit ginger products to reduce car sickness.
3. 医生说均衡饮食对我们的健康很有益。
Doctors say a balanced diet is our health.
4. 为了所有中国公民的利益，中国一直在推动公立医院的改革。
China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals all its citizens.
5. 新政策将使老年人受益良多，65随以上的人可以免费地乘坐公共汽车。
考点12：介词to
Lead to (doing) sth/sp.:导致；通向，通往；~cause to do~result in ~bring about~ contribute to doing sth
【真题演练】
I. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the box below. Change the form where necessary.
global recycle establish assume permit permit
apologize comment remind determine loss slim
1. The loss of glaciers due to warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture.
由于全球变暖带来的冰川融化对农业造成了巨大的威胁。
2. If we try our best to the wastes, we can reduce pollution and conserve natural resources.
如果我们尽力回收废物，我们可以减少污染，保护自然资源。
3. A fleet sailed for New South Wales to the first European settlement in Australia.
一支舰队驶向新南威尔士去建立欧洲在澳大利亚的第一个移民地。
4. It is quite reasonable to that modern science and technology will continue to advance.
人们认为科技会继续进步，这个预测是有道理的。
5. Cash machines you to withdraw money at any time.
取款机可让你随时取款。
6. We for the late arrival of the train.
我们为火车误点表示歉意。
7. You really can't until you know the facts.
你的确不能在你知道事实之前进行评论。
8. They me of the time when I used to live in Spain.
它们让我想起那些我在西班牙生活的日子。
9. An inquiry was set up to the cause of the accident.
已展开调查以确定事故原因。
10. The war brought massive devastation and of life to the region.
战争给该地区造成巨大的破坏以及生命的丧失。
Keys:1.global 2.recycle 3.establish 4.assume 5.permit 6.apologize 7.comment 8.remind 9.determine 10.loss
语法填空
After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Laugh and the world laughs with you. Even ____1____（good）, you might live longer, an American researcher reports.
“Adults who have a sense of humor live longer than ____2____ who don’t find life funny, and the survival edge is particularly large for people ____3____ cancer,” says Richard Smith of the Columbia University of Science and Technology.
He ____4____（present）his study of about 54,000 Americans, ____5____ he had followed for seven years, at the American Psychosomatic Society meeting last Monday.
At the start, patients filled out questionnaires on ____6____ easily they found humor in real-life situations and how important a humorous idea was. The study showed next the greater role humor played in their lives, ____7____ greater their chances were in ____8____（survive）the seven years. Adult scoring in the top one-quarter for humor appreciation were 35% more likely ____9____（be）alive than those in the bottom quarter. In a smaller group of 2,015 people who had a cancer diagnosis(诊断) at the start, the study found ____10____ important that a great sense of humor cut the chances of dying by about 70%.
【答案】1. better
2. those 3. with
4. presented
5. who / whom
6. how 7. the
8. surviving
9. to be 10. it
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。本文作者主要介绍了挪威科技大学的Sven Svebak 的研究发现：有幽默感的成年人比认为生活无趣的人寿命长，这一点在癌症患者身上尤为明显；如Sven Svebak 发现，癌症病人的幽默感越强，他在七年之内活下来的可能性就越大。幽默感得分位居前四分之一的病人生存下来的几率比排在后四分之一的病人高35%；Sven Svebak 对2015名癌症病人的研究表明，幽默感较强的人死亡的几率比缺乏幽默感的人低70%左右。
1题详解】
考查比较级。句意：笑一笑，世界与你同笑。更重要的是,一名美国研究人员报告说,你可能活得更久。此处是even修饰比较级，加强语气，故填better。
【2题详解】
考查替代。句意：有幽默感的成年人比那些认为生活无趣的人寿命长。句中Adults是可数名词复数，用those替代复数名词，后跟定语从句。故填those。
【3题详解】
考查介词。句意：生存的机会尤其比有癌症的人大。people with cancer“有癌症的人”，此处是介词短语做定语。故填with。
【4题详解】
考查一般过去时态。句意：他提交了54,000美国人的一项调查。从后面的句子：he had followed for seven years,和时间状语last Monday，可知此处用一般过去时态，故填presented。
【5题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：上周一，他在美国身心研究学会(American Psychosomatic Society)会议上公布了自己对约5.4万名美国人的研究结果。此处Americans是先行词，指人，放在后面的定语从句中作宾语，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以应由who/whom引导定语从句。故填who/whom。
【6题详解】
考查how引导的宾语从句。句意：一开始，病人要填写一份问卷，问卷内容包括他们在现实生活中发现幽默的难易程度，以及幽默的想法有多重要。句中easily是副词，所以介词on后面的宾语从句应由how引导。故填how。
【7题详解】
考查冠词。句意：研究还显示，幽默在他们的生活中扮演的角色越大，他们活过这七年的机会就越大。固定句型：the+比较级，the+比较级，“越……越……”。此处用the+形容词比较级，故填the。
【8题详解】
考查动名词。句意：研究还显示，幽默在他们的生活中扮演的角色越大，他们活过这七年的机会就越大。介词in后面接动名词surviving。故填surviving。
【9题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：在幽默欣赏方面得分最高的四分之一的成年人比得分最低的四分之一的人多35%的可能活下来。固定搭配：be likely to do sth.“很可能做某事”。故填to be。
【10题详解】
考查it做形式宾语。句意：研究发现幽默在减少死亡的机会这方面是很重要的。固定句型：sb.+ find+ it+ adj+ that从句。该句型中it是形式主语，后面的that引导的从句是真正的主语。故填it。
【点睛】one替代“a+单数可数名词”，表示泛指;其复数形式ones替代泛指的复数名词。特指的the one相当于that，替代“the+单数名词”;the one的复数形式the ones，替代“the+复数名词”，在口语中也常用those代替。当后面有of短语时，多用that或those;当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)。另外，one(s), the one(s), those都只能替代可数名词。如：
Radios are useful for me to learn English. I’d like to buy one.收音机对我学英语很有用，我想买一台。(one替代a radio，是泛指收音机这类东西中的一台)
We still have shortcomings，and they are very big ones too. 我们还有缺点，而且是很大的缺点。(ones替代shortcomings)
We kept seats for those who might arrive late.我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones替代the persons)
Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light.红色光线的波长约为蓝色波长的两倍。(those替代the waves)
The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(that替代不可数名词the population，不能用the one)
【过关检测】
A
Born in the 1950s, shopping malls were once the symbol of the U.S. consumer culture, but many are now dying out.
Dying shopping malls can be found across the United States, often in middle-class suburbs. Economic decline in certain areas together with an upward trend towards online shopping and new forms of urban shopping centers have pushed the once seemingly unbeatable shopping malls into decline. It is estimated that 15 to 50 percent of shopping malls may close in the coming decades.
American shopping culture follows its housing culture. Numerous shopping malls were therefore born after the Second World War, as Americans with cars and fat wallets moved to the suburbs. U.S. shopping malls were built at a rapid pace as shoppers fled cities, peaking in the mid-1990s when they were being built at a rate of 140 a year. Thus, too many shopping malls are left though construction has gradually decreased since then.
Currently, there are around 1,500 shopping malls across the U.S. Most share a handful of similar feature. They usually contain two or three stories of stores separated by walkways. Food courts serve pizza and other fast food. Parking lots are big enough to easily misplace a car.
Shopping malls in Europe might contain grocery stores or childcare centers, while those in Japan are often built around mass transit (交通枢纽). But the suburban American shopping malls are hard to get to and mainly sell clothes and gifts.
As many shopping malls became redundant (过剩的), leaders in many U.S. towns who once fought for malls now struggle with how to transform them to new uses. Highland Mall in Texas is being transformed into a community college campus, and Lakeland Mall in Florida now houses a megachurch (大型教会). Others have been redeveloped to include housing, offices and even green space. However, it is hard to imagine every shopping mall meeting the demands for such transformations.
31. What is this passage mainly about?
A. The introduction to American consumer culture.
B. The changes in Americans' shopping habits.
C. The growth of American shopping centers.
D. The decline of American shopping malls.
32. When did the construction speed of IS shopping malls reach the highest point?
A. After the Second World War B. In the mid-1990s.
C. After mass transit appeared. D. In the 2000s.
33. What do many U.S. towns do to solve the redundant shopping malls?
A. They make them look different from each other.
B. They make them more accessible to the public.
C. They change them to serve other purposes.
D. They move them to the urban areas.
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国曾经盛极一时的购物中心正在衰落。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段Born in the 1950s, shopping malls were once the symbol of the U.S. consumer culture, but many are now dying out. (购物中心诞生于20世纪50年代，曾是美国消费文化的象征，但现在许多购物中心正在衰落)结合文章说明了购物中心的衰落的原因和当初修建的原因。以及随着许多购物中心变得多余，许多美国城镇通过将购物中心改造成其他用途来解决这一问题。由此可知，文章主要介绍了美国购物中心的衰落。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中U.S. shopping malls were built at a rapid pace as shoppers fled cities, peaking in the mid-1990s when they were being built at a rate of 140 a year. (随着购物者逃离城市，美国的购物中心建设速度很快，在上世纪90年代中期达到顶峰，当时购物中心的建设速度为每年140座)可知，购物中心的建设速度在20世纪90年代中期达到最高点。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句As many shopping malls became redundant, leaders in many U.S. towns who once fought for malls now struggle with how to transform them to new uses. (随着许多购物中心变得多余，许多曾经为购物中心而战的美国城镇的领导人现在正在努力把它们变成新的用途)可知，许多美国城镇通过将购物中心改造成其他用途来解决多余的购物中心。故选C。
【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。
如第二小题属于一一对应型，根据第三段中U.S. shopping malls were built at a rapid pace as shoppers fled cities, peaking in the mid-1990s when they were being built at a rate of 140 a year. (随着购物者逃离城市，美国的购物中心建设速度很快，在上世纪90年代中期达到顶峰，当时购物中心的建设速度为每年140座)可知，购物中心的建设速度在20世纪90年代中期达到最高点。故选B。
Section B 七选五
Are You Treated Too Nicely?
A new study found that when trying to build high self-esteem in children, parents may unconsciously be creating little narcissists (自恋狂). ___41___
Parents who are always praising their children may be trying to develop high self-esteem. ___42___ In fact, too much special treatment can lead to narcissistic behavior.
"___43___ That may not be good for them or for society." Brad Bushman, co-author of the study and professor of communication and psychology at the Ohio State University, said in a press release. "People with high self-esteem think they're as good as others, whereas narcissists think they're better than others."
This study, as well as previous studies about parent-child relationships Bushman has worked on, caused him to alter his own parenting style. When he began his research, he thought that children should be treated like they are special by their parents. ___44___ He said that interventions (干预) can help parents learn how to better support their children.
"Parent training interventions can, for example, teach parents to express affection and appreciation toward children without telling children that they are superior to others," Bushman said. "Future studies should test whether this can work."
A. Now he is careful not to follow that model.
B. Children whose parents tell them they are special are more likely to become narcissists.
C. But actually, they have realized that they are running their children.
D. Children believe it when their parents tell them that they are more special than others.
E. And he carefully carries out the principle.
F. However, the study showed that loving and emotionally warm parents are more likely to have confident kids.
G. Every coin has two sides.
【答案】41. B 42. F 43. D 44. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，总是表扬孩子的父母可能是在试图培养孩子的自尊心。然而，研究表明，充满爱心和情感温暖的父母更有可能生出自信的孩子。事实上，过多的特殊待遇会导致自恋行为。研究人员指出父母培训干预可以教会父母表达对孩子的喜爱和欣赏，而不必告诉孩子他们比别人优越。
【41题详解】
上文A new study found that when trying to build high self-esteem in children, parents may unconsciously be creating little narcissists(自恋狂).(一项新的研究发现，当试图在孩子身上建立高度自尊时，父母可能会无意识地培养出小的自恋者)中的“narcissists”可对应到B选项中“become narcissists”，都是在说明父母对孩子成为自恋者的影响。B选项“父母告诉孩子他们很特别的孩子，更有可能成为自恋者”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【42题详解】
根据上文Parents who are always praising their children may be trying to develop high self-esteem.(总是表扬孩子父母可能是在试图培养孩子的自尊心)可推知，本句承接上文说明哪些父母可以培养出有自信的孩子，故F选项“然而，研究表明，充满爱心和情感温暖的父母更有可能生出自信的孩子”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【43题详解】
根据后文People with high self-esteem think they're as good as others, whereas narcissists think they're better than others.(自尊心强的人认为自己和别人一样好，而自恋者认为自己比别人更好)可推知，孩子成为自恋者是因为父母告诉这些孩子他们比别人更特别，而这些孩子相信了。故D选项“当父母告诉孩子们他们比别人更特别时，孩子们就相信了”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【44题详解】
根据上文This study, as well as previous studies about parent-child relationships Bushman has worked on, caused him to alter his own parenting style. When he began his research, he thought that children should be treated like they are special by their parents. (这项研究，以及之前Bushman所从事的关于亲子关系的研究，使他改变了自己的育儿方式。当他开始他的研究时，他认为孩子应该被他们的父母当作特殊的人来对待)可知，Bushman对亲子关系的研究改变了自己的育儿方式，故他现在开始学着不去遵循将孩子当作特殊的人来对待的模式了。故A选项“现在他小心翼翼地不去遵循那个模式”符合上下文语境。故选A。
完形填空
Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are ___21___. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to ___22___it. Creativity isn’t always ___23___with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time ___24___think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you.
Making connections. This technique involves taking ___25___ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words ___26___with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the ___27___to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original ___28___; you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night.
NO limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t ___29___. You have as much time /space / money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new ____30____. If your goal is to learn to ski, ____31____, you can now practise skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now ____32____ this to reality. Maybe you can practise skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January.
Be someone else! Look at the situation from a ____33____point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the ____34____in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want? Why can’t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their ____35____. The best fishermen think like fish!
21. A. wrong B. unbelievable C. reasonable D. realistic
22. A. put up with B. catch up with C. make use of D. keep track of
23. A. equipped B. compared C. covered D. connected
24. A. skillfully B. routinely C. vividly D. deeply
25. A. familiar B. unrelated C. creative D. imaginary
26. A. presented B. marked C. lit D. associated
27. A. ideas B. ambitions C. achievement D. technique
28. A. experience B. service C. present D. object
29. A. work B. last C. exist D. change
30. A. possibilities B. limitations C. tendency D. practice
31. A. in fact B. in particular C. as a whole D. for example
32. A. devote B. adapt C. lead D. keep
33. A. private B. global C. different D. practical
34. A. features B. themes C. creatures D. characters
35. A. positions B. dreams C. images D. directions
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何让自己有创造性，并给出了3个方法。
【21题详解】
考查形容词和上下文串联。A. wrong错误的；B. unbelievable难以想象的；C. reasonable 合理的；D. realistic现实的。根据下文的每个人都有想象力可知，以前的看法是错误的。故选A
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. put up with忍受；B. catch up with追上，赶上；C. make use of利用；D. keep track of记录。句意：一旦长大了以后，人们就会忘记了如何利用想象力。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查固定词组。A. be equippedwith用……装备；B. be compared with和……相比较；C. be covered with被……覆盖；D. be connected with与……相连。这里是指并不总是与伟大的艺术作品和思想联系在一起的，很多微小的事情也经常与创造力有关。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. skillfully有技巧的；B. routinely经常的；C. vividly生动地；D. deeply深入地。人们在工作和闲暇时间，都会很经常的想出一起解决问题的办法。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. familiar熟悉的；B. unrelated没有联系的；C. creative创造性的；D. imaginary想象的。这里是指把那些没有联系的事物联系在一起。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. presented呈现；B. marked标志；C. lit点亮；D. associated联系。写下一些与蜡烛有关的词或者想法。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查上下文串联。A. ideas想法，念头，意见；B. ambitions野心，雄心；C. achievement成就，功绩；D. technique技术，技巧，方法。上文6空之前提及了idea。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. experience经历，经验；B. service服务；C. present礼物；D. object物体。根据下文you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night.可知，这里是指给朋友买一个礼物。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. work工作；B. last持续；C. exist存在；D. change改变。根据上文的no limits可知，是指没有限制的，这里指限制是不存在的。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. possibilities可能性；B. limitations限制；C. tendency趋势；D. practice做法，惯例。由goal推断，考虑你的目标和新的可能性。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查短语辨析。A. in fact实际上；B. in particular尤其；C. as a whole总的说来；D. for example例如。下文是举例，故可知这里是举例说明。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. devote投入，奉献；B. adapt适应；C. lead导致；D. keep保持。由下文“Maybe you can practice skiing ever day in December, or every Monday in January. ”可推知，此处是说：现在让这个目标成为现实。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. private私人的；B. global全球的；C. different不同的；D. practical实际的。根据本段内容可知，是指换位思考，从另外一个不同的角度考虑问题。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. features特征，特色；B. themes主题，主旨；C. creatures生物；D. characters角色，性格。这里是指科幻小说的作者经常把自己当成是作品中的主角。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. positions位置；B. dreams梦想；C. images形象；D. directions方向。根据 If your goal involves other people可知，这里是指把自己放在别人的位置上。故选A。
第12讲 Unit6 At one with nature （词汇与阅读）
【学习目标】
1. 提前预习新外研版必修一Unit4的重点词汇和阅读
2. 掌握中高考阅读理解区别和题型解题技巧
3. 掌握常见三种构词法
【基础知识】
一．重点词汇学习
1.steep adj.
2.wrap v.
3. harm v.
4.replace v.
5.design v.
6.complete v.
7. shallow adj.
8. region n.
9. material n.
10. crop n.
11. agriculture n.
12.therefore adv.
13.national adj.
14.prevent v.
15.consumer n.
16.barrier n.
17.structure n.
18.dynasty n.
19. living
20.benefit v.
21.limit v.
22.flavor n.
23.energy n.
24.rent v.
25..narrow adj.
26.publish v.
27.pleasant adj..
28. system
29.branch
30.expert adj.
31.climate
32.desert
33.channel
34.tunnel
35.grand
36.green fingers
重点词汇答案：见教材词汇表
二． 重点词汇解析
考点一：Cover(vt):覆盖，遮盖；占地...;行走，行驶...;够付，支付...;读了...;包含涉及；报道；
(n):封皮，封面
Cover sth with sth:用某物覆盖/遮盖某物
Be covered with sth:被某物覆盖/遮盖
Cover an area of...:占地......
*** discover(v): (n):discovery
Uncover(v):揭开盖子；揭露 coverage(n):媒体报道
例1．【单句填空】
1.含义
(1). Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing.
(2). Is the money enough to cover the expense of the meal?
(3). The front cover of the book is very beautiful.
(4).-Excuse me,but why am I not allowed to use the gym?
-No offence, but your room price doesn’t cover it.
(5) . Spain, which covers about 506,000 square kilometers, is one of the largest countries in Europe.
2. 这个学校目前占地5平方千米。
This school 5 square kilometers now. .
3. 这张桌子现在被黄色的桌布覆盖着。
The table a yellow tablecloth now.
考点二：“大量”辨析
1. Plenty of...:+可数/不可数
a quantity of...+可数名词+谓复 &+不可数名词+谓单
quantities of....+可数名词+谓复 &+不可数名词+谓复
2.Many a/an+可数名词单数（谓语同单）
3.A good/great many & a large/great /good number of...+可数名词复数
4.a great/ good deal of... & quite a little+不可数名词+（谓单）
5.a large amount of... +不可数名词+谓单
Amounts of...+不可数名词+谓复quantities of....
例2．【单句填空】
“大量”辨析
1. A great many college students (be) sent to the poor area to help the children there last month.
2. A large amount of money (be) spent on advertisements every year.
3. Plenty of attention (pay) by the government to children’s safety on school buses in recent years.
4. 改错
(1) Many a students go to school on foot every day in this area.
(2) Don’t worry. You have a plenty of time to do the work.
答案： 1， were 2, is 3, has been paid
考点三：Prevent (vt):阻止，防止 (n):prevention (adj): preventable:可预防的
Prevent sb (from) doing sth = stop sb (from) doing sth(主动时，from可省，被动不可省)
Keep sb from doing sth=ban/prohibit sb from doing sth=
Discourage sb from doing sth:劝某人不要做某事
例3．【单句填空】
1. Social phobia（社交恐惧症) prevents people (make) the normal,everyday mistakes that may help them improve their skills even further.
2. Social attention should be paid to preventing our earth from (pollute).
3. 改错
(1) Srikanth was prevented studying sciences because it was thought to be too “dangerous” for a blind student.
(2) Actually, there are grammatical mistakes made by students that keep them writing good compositions.
答案： making being polluted
考点四：Design(vt):设计，装饰；计划；构思，谋划； (n):设计，图案；构思
Be designed for......:为...而打算/设计...
Be designed to do...:目的是做，被设计用于......
By design=on purpose:故意地，有意地---（反义）by accident=by chance
Make designs for......:为...制作设计方案
例4．【单句填空】
1. If you are looking for some exciting and new music, download the app designed young people.
2. Lucy was born on January 30 th, 1998,when her aunt got married to a fashion .
3. 这些房子是专为老年人设计的.
The houses are specifically old people.
4. 不知是偶然还是有意安排，其他人走后，碰巧只剩下他们两个人了。
It happened-whether by accident or -that the two of them were left alone after all the others had gone.
答案： 1， for 2, designer 3, designed for 4, by design
考点五：Provide(vt):提供，供应，给予
Offer sb sth = offe sth to sb
Provide sb with sth= provide sth for sb
Supply sb with sth= supply sth to sb
例5．【单句填空】
1. China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System will soon provide services more countries.
2. It is a different world but one that offers huge challenges ambitious young people who are interested in how our universe works.
3. The book will supply us all the information we need.
答案： for to to
考点六：Replace(vt):代替，取代；替换，接替；把...放回原处； replacement(n):更换，替换
Replace A with /by B:用B 替换/接替/取代A
Instead of...=in place of...
Take one’s/sth’s place= take the place of...:代替。替换某人/某物
例6．【单句填空】
1. The house which I grew up in has been taken down(拆除) and replaced an office building whose walls are yellow.
2. Sending e-mails has almost taken the place writing letters.
考点七：Compare(v/n):比较，对比；将...比作；(vi):比得上，比...好/差（常用于否定）
In comparison to/with
Compare...and /with/ to...:比较...和...
Compared to/with...:与...相比（常做状语）
Beyond =without compare:无与伦比，举世无双
例7．【单句填空】
1. (compare) with people in the West, Chinese people used to eat more grain and vegetables, but less meat.
2. (compare) teachers candles, he helped the students to understand the role of teachers.
3. Comparing yourself those homeless children, you’ll find you are fortunate and happy.
4. 改错
(1) . Compare with other teachers, Mr Li pays more attention to his way of teaching.
(2) Compared the skin of the upper arm to that on the elbow , you will find the former is smoother.
考点八：Narrow(adj):狭窄的；狭隘的； 勉强的，刚刚好的；(v):使窄小，变小，缩小
Narrowly(adv):勉强地，以毫厘之差；狭隘地
Narrow-minded(adj):气量小的，小心眼的，狭隘的
A narrow escape:死里逃生
A narrow victory:险胜
Narrow the gap:缩小差距/代沟
例8．【单句填空】
1. Parents and children should communicate more to （缩小代沟）between them so that they can understand each other better.
2. Last year I has （死里逃生） form a car crash, and I don’t want to risk my life a second time.
考点九：Doubt(n):疑惑，疑问；(v):怀疑
There is no doubt that.......毫无疑问
There is some doubt whether......:尚有疑问
Have some/no doubt about......:对...有/没有怀疑
Without/beyond doubt:毫无疑问，的确
Doubt that.....(用于否定句). doubt whether/if....:(用于肯定句)
例9．【单句填空】
1. There is no doubt hard work is the key to improving your results.
2. If you have any doubt your health, you’d better consult your doctor at once.
3. There is some doubt they can complete the work on time.
4. We don’t doubt he’ll give us much help, but we do doubt he’ll come on time.
5. 毫无疑问，这是我见过的最漂亮的花园。
考点十：
Limited(adj):有限的，受（......的)限制 limitless:无限制的 limitation:限制，局限
Limit(v):限制，限定； (n):限度，限制；极限，界限
Limit...to....:把...限制在...内
Within limits:在某种程度上；有一定限制 beyond the limit:超过限度
Set a limit to/on....:对...作出限制
There is a /no limit to sth.:...是有/无限度的
例10．【单句填空】
Limited(adj):有限的，受（......的)限制 limitless:无限制的 limitation:限制，局限
1. At the meeting, all the staff had a heated discussion on the most efficient way to accomplish the plan in (limit) time.
2. Unfortunately, the research was limited to (increase) economic profits, rather than protecting the environment.
3.改错(1). There is a limit to people’s life,but no limit to learn the knowledge.
(2). Before the tourists set off, they spent much time setting a limit for the expenses of the trip.
考点11：
For the benefit of sb= for one’s benefit:为了某人的利益/为了帮助某人
Be of (great) benefit to ...:对...（很）有益=be (very) beneficial to......
To one’s benefit.:对某人有利
Benefit sb/sth:使某人/某物受益（用法同serve后面不接to/for）
Sb benefit by/from sth:某人得益于某物
Get benefit from...:从...中获益
例11．【单句填空】
Benefit(n)：益处，优势；(vt):使受益对...有用 (vi):得益于，得利于
1. Researchers at the University of Liverpool found the writing of Shakespeare, Wordsworth and the like had a (benefit) effect on our mind.
2. Some people benefit ginger products to reduce car sickness.
3. 医生说均衡饮食对我们的健康很有益。
Doctors say a balanced diet is our health.
4. 为了所有中国公民的利益，中国一直在推动公立医院的改革。
China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals all its citizens.
5. 新政策将使老年人受益良多，65随以上的人可以免费地乘坐公共汽车。
考点12：介词to
Lead to (doing) sth/sp.:导致；通向，通往；~cause to do~result in ~bring about~ contribute to doing sth
【真题演练】
I. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the box below. Change the form where necessary.
global recycle establish assume permit permit
apologize comment remind determine loss slim
1. The loss of glaciers due to warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture.
由于全球变暖带来的冰川融化对农业造成了巨大的威胁。
2. If we try our best to the wastes, we can reduce pollution and conserve natural resources.
如果我们尽力回收废物，我们可以减少污染，保护自然资源。
3. A fleet sailed for New South Wales to the first European settlement in Australia.
一支舰队驶向新南威尔士去建立欧洲在澳大利亚的第一个移民地。
4. It is quite reasonable to that modern science and technology will continue to advance.
人们认为科技会继续进步，这个预测是有道理的。
5. Cash machines you to withdraw money at any time.
取款机可让你随时取款。
6. We for the late arrival of the train.
我们为火车误点表示歉意。
7. You really can't until you know the facts.
你的确不能在你知道事实之前进行评论。
8. They me of the time when I used to live in Spain.
它们让我想起那些我在西班牙生活的日子。
9. An inquiry was set up to the cause of the accident.
已展开调查以确定事故原因。
10. The war brought massive devastation and of life to the region.
战争给该地区造成巨大的破坏以及生命的丧失。
Keys:1.global 2.recycle 3.establish 4.assume 5.permit 6.apologize 7.comment 8.remind 9.determine 10.loss
语法填空
After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Laugh and the world laughs with you. Even ____1____（good）, you might live longer, an American researcher reports.
“Adults who have a sense of humor live longer than ____2____ who don’t find life funny, and the survival edge is particularly large for people ____3____ cancer,” says Richard Smith of the Columbia University of Science and Technology.
He ____4____（present）his study of about 54,000 Americans, ____5____ he had followed for seven years, at the American Psychosomatic Society meeting last Monday.
At the start, patients filled out questionnaires on ____6____ easily they found humor in real-life situations and how important a humorous idea was. The study showed next the greater role humor played in their lives, ____7____ greater their chances were in ____8____（survive）the seven years. Adult scoring in the top one-quarter for humor appreciation were 35% more likely ____9____（be）alive than those in the bottom quarter. In a smaller group of 2,015 people who had a cancer diagnosis(诊断) at the start, the study found ____10____ important that a great sense of humor cut the chances of dying by about 70%.
【答案】1. better
2. those 3. with
4. presented
5. who / whom
6. how 7. the
8. surviving
9. to be 10. it
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。本文作者主要介绍了挪威科技大学的Sven Svebak 的研究发现：有幽默感的成年人比认为生活无趣的人寿命长，这一点在癌症患者身上尤为明显；如Sven Svebak 发现，癌症病人的幽默感越强，他在七年之内活下来的可能性就越大。幽默感得分位居前四分之一的病人生存下来的几率比排在后四分之一的病人高35%；Sven Svebak 对2015名癌症病人的研究表明，幽默感较强的人死亡的几率比缺乏幽默感的人低70%左右。
1题详解】
考查比较级。句意：笑一笑，世界与你同笑。更重要的是,一名美国研究人员报告说,你可能活得更久。此处是even修饰比较级，加强语气，故填better。
【2题详解】
考查替代。句意：有幽默感的成年人比那些认为生活无趣的人寿命长。句中Adults是可数名词复数，用those替代复数名词，后跟定语从句。故填those。
【3题详解】
考查介词。句意：生存的机会尤其比有癌症的人大。people with cancer“有癌症的人”，此处是介词短语做定语。故填with。
【4题详解】
考查一般过去时态。句意：他提交了54,000美国人的一项调查。从后面的句子：he had followed for seven years,和时间状语last Monday，可知此处用一般过去时态，故填presented。
【5题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：上周一，他在美国身心研究学会(American Psychosomatic Society)会议上公布了自己对约5.4万名美国人的研究结果。此处Americans是先行词，指人，放在后面的定语从句中作宾语，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以应由who/whom引导定语从句。故填who/whom。
【6题详解】
考查how引导的宾语从句。句意：一开始，病人要填写一份问卷，问卷内容包括他们在现实生活中发现幽默的难易程度，以及幽默的想法有多重要。句中easily是副词，所以介词on后面的宾语从句应由how引导。故填how。
【7题详解】
考查冠词。句意：研究还显示，幽默在他们的生活中扮演的角色越大，他们活过这七年的机会就越大。固定句型：the+比较级，the+比较级，“越……越……”。此处用the+形容词比较级，故填the。
【8题详解】
考查动名词。句意：研究还显示，幽默在他们的生活中扮演的角色越大，他们活过这七年的机会就越大。介词in后面接动名词surviving。故填surviving。
【9题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：在幽默欣赏方面得分最高的四分之一的成年人比得分最低的四分之一的人多35%的可能活下来。固定搭配：be likely to do sth.“很可能做某事”。故填to be。
【10题详解】
考查it做形式宾语。句意：研究发现幽默在减少死亡的机会这方面是很重要的。固定句型：sb.+ find+ it+ adj+ that从句。该句型中it是形式主语，后面的that引导的从句是真正的主语。故填it。
【点睛】one替代“a+单数可数名词”，表示泛指;其复数形式ones替代泛指的复数名词。特指的the one相当于that，替代“the+单数名词”;the one的复数形式the ones，替代“the+复数名词”，在口语中也常用those代替。当后面有of短语时，多用that或those;当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)。另外，one(s), the one(s), those都只能替代可数名词。如：
Radios are useful for me to learn English. I’d like to buy one.收音机对我学英语很有用，我想买一台。(one替代a radio，是泛指收音机这类东西中的一台)
We still have shortcomings，and they are very big ones too. 我们还有缺点，而且是很大的缺点。(ones替代shortcomings)
We kept seats for those who might arrive late.我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones替代the persons)
Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light.红色光线的波长约为蓝色波长的两倍。(those替代the waves)
The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(that替代不可数名词the population，不能用the one)
【过关检测】
A
Born in the 1950s, shopping malls were once the symbol of the U.S. consumer culture, but many are now dying out.
Dying shopping malls can be found across the United States, often in middle-class suburbs. Economic decline in certain areas together with an upward trend towards online shopping and new forms of urban shopping centers have pushed the once seemingly unbeatable shopping malls into decline. It is estimated that 15 to 50 percent of shopping malls may close in the coming decades.
American shopping culture follows its housing culture. Numerous shopping malls were therefore born after the Second World War, as Americans with cars and fat wallets moved to the suburbs. U.S. shopping malls were built at a rapid pace as shoppers fled cities, peaking in the mid-1990s when they were being built at a rate of 140 a year. Thus, too many shopping malls are left though construction has gradually decreased since then.
Currently, there are around 1,500 shopping malls across the U.S. Most share a handful of similar feature. They usually contain two or three stories of stores separated by walkways. Food courts serve pizza and other fast food. Parking lots are big enough to easily misplace a car.
Shopping malls in Europe might contain grocery stores or childcare centers, while those in Japan are often built around mass transit (交通枢纽). But the suburban American shopping malls are hard to get to and mainly sell clothes and gifts.
As many shopping malls became redundant (过剩的), leaders in many U.S. towns who once fought for malls now struggle with how to transform them to new uses. Highland Mall in Texas is being transformed into a community college campus, and Lakeland Mall in Florida now houses a megachurch (大型教会). Others have been redeveloped to include housing, offices and even green space. However, it is hard to imagine every shopping mall meeting the demands for such transformations.
31. What is this passage mainly about?
A. The introduction to American consumer culture.
B. The changes in Americans' shopping habits.
C. The growth of American shopping centers.
D. The decline of American shopping malls.
32. When did the construction speed of IS shopping malls reach the highest point?
A. After the Second World War B. In the mid-1990s.
C. After mass transit appeared. D. In the 2000s.
33. What do many U.S. towns do to solve the redundant shopping malls?
A. They make them look different from each other.
B. They make them more accessible to the public.
C. They change them to serve other purposes.
D. They move them to the urban areas.
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国曾经盛极一时的购物中心正在衰落。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段Born in the 1950s, shopping malls were once the symbol of the U.S. consumer culture, but many are now dying out. (购物中心诞生于20世纪50年代，曾是美国消费文化的象征，但现在许多购物中心正在衰落)结合文章说明了购物中心的衰落的原因和当初修建的原因。以及随着许多购物中心变得多余，许多美国城镇通过将购物中心改造成其他用途来解决这一问题。由此可知，文章主要介绍了美国购物中心的衰落。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中U.S. shopping malls were built at a rapid pace as shoppers fled cities, peaking in the mid-1990s when they were being built at a rate of 140 a year. (随着购物者逃离城市，美国的购物中心建设速度很快，在上世纪90年代中期达到顶峰，当时购物中心的建设速度为每年140座)可知，购物中心的建设速度在20世纪90年代中期达到最高点。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句As many shopping malls became redundant, leaders in many U.S. towns who once fought for malls now struggle with how to transform them to new uses. (随着许多购物中心变得多余，许多曾经为购物中心而战的美国城镇的领导人现在正在努力把它们变成新的用途)可知，许多美国城镇通过将购物中心改造成其他用途来解决多余的购物中心。故选C。
【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。
如第二小题属于一一对应型，根据第三段中U.S. shopping malls were built at a rapid pace as shoppers fled cities, peaking in the mid-1990s when they were being built at a rate of 140 a year. (随着购物者逃离城市，美国的购物中心建设速度很快，在上世纪90年代中期达到顶峰，当时购物中心的建设速度为每年140座)可知，购物中心的建设速度在20世纪90年代中期达到最高点。故选B。
Section B 七选五
Are You Treated Too Nicely?
A new study found that when trying to build high self-esteem in children, parents may unconsciously be creating little narcissists (自恋狂). ___41___
Parents who are always praising their children may be trying to develop high self-esteem. ___42___ In fact, too much special treatment can lead to narcissistic behavior.
"___43___ That may not be good for them or for society." Brad Bushman, co-author of the study and professor of communication and psychology at the Ohio State University, said in a press release. "People with high self-esteem think they're as good as others, whereas narcissists think they're better than others."
This study, as well as previous studies about parent-child relationships Bushman has worked on, caused him to alter his own parenting style. When he began his research, he thought that children should be treated like they are special by their parents. ___44___ He said that interventions (干预) can help parents learn how to better support their children.
"Parent training interventions can, for example, teach parents to express affection and appreciation toward children without telling children that they are superior to others," Bushman said. "Future studies should test whether this can work."
A. Now he is careful not to follow that model.
B. Children whose parents tell them they are special are more likely to become narcissists.
C. But actually, they have realized that they are running their children.
D. Children believe it when their parents tell them that they are more special than others.
E. And he carefully carries out the principle.
F. However, the study showed that loving and emotionally warm parents are more likely to have confident kids.
G. Every coin has two sides.
【答案】41. B 42. F 43. D 44. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，总是表扬孩子的父母可能是在试图培养孩子的自尊心。然而，研究表明，充满爱心和情感温暖的父母更有可能生出自信的孩子。事实上，过多的特殊待遇会导致自恋行为。研究人员指出父母培训干预可以教会父母表达对孩子的喜爱和欣赏，而不必告诉孩子他们比别人优越。
【41题详解】
上文A new study found that when trying to build high self-esteem in children, parents may unconsciously be creating little narcissists(自恋狂).(一项新的研究发现，当试图在孩子身上建立高度自尊时，父母可能会无意识地培养出小的自恋者)中的“narcissists”可对应到B选项中“become narcissists”，都是在说明父母对孩子成为自恋者的影响。B选项“父母告诉孩子他们很特别的孩子，更有可能成为自恋者”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【42题详解】
根据上文Parents who are always praising their children may be trying to develop high self-esteem.(总是表扬孩子父母可能是在试图培养孩子的自尊心)可推知，本句承接上文说明哪些父母可以培养出有自信的孩子，故F选项“然而，研究表明，充满爱心和情感温暖的父母更有可能生出自信的孩子”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【43题详解】
根据后文People with high self-esteem think they're as good as others, whereas narcissists think they're better than others.(自尊心强的人认为自己和别人一样好，而自恋者认为自己比别人更好)可推知，孩子成为自恋者是因为父母告诉这些孩子他们比别人更特别，而这些孩子相信了。故D选项“当父母告诉孩子们他们比别人更特别时，孩子们就相信了”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【44题详解】
根据上文This study, as well as previous studies about parent-child relationships Bushman has worked on, caused him to alter his own parenting style. When he began his research, he thought that children should be treated like they are special by their parents. (这项研究，以及之前Bushman所从事的关于亲子关系的研究，使他改变了自己的育儿方式。当他开始他的研究时，他认为孩子应该被他们的父母当作特殊的人来对待)可知，Bushman对亲子关系的研究改变了自己的育儿方式，故他现在开始学着不去遵循将孩子当作特殊的人来对待的模式了。故A选项“现在他小心翼翼地不去遵循那个模式”符合上下文语境。故选A。
完形填空
Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are ___21___. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to ___22___it. Creativity isn’t always ___23___with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time ___24___think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you.
Making connections. This technique involves taking ___25___ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words ___26___with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the ___27___to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original ___28___; you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night.
NO limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t ___29___. You have as much time /space / money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new ____30____. If your goal is to learn to ski, ____31____, you can now practise skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now ____32____ this to reality. Maybe you can practise skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January.
Be someone else! Look at the situation from a ____33____point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the ____34____in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want? Why can’t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their ____35____. The best fishermen think like fish!
21. A. wrong B. unbelievable C. reasonable D. realistic
22. A. put up with B. catch up with C. make use of D. keep track of
23. A. equipped B. compared C. covered D. connected
24. A. skillfully B. routinely C. vividly D. deeply
25. A. familiar B. unrelated C. creative D. imaginary
26. A. presented B. marked C. lit D. associated
27. A. ideas B. ambitions C. achievement D. technique
28. A. experience B. service C. present D. object
29. A. work B. last C. exist D. change
30. A. possibilities B. limitations C. tendency D. practice
31. A. in fact B. in particular C. as a whole D. for example
32. A. devote B. adapt C. lead D. keep
33. A. private B. global C. different D. practical
34. A. features B. themes C. creatures D. characters
35. A. positions B. dreams C. images D. directions
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何让自己有创造性，并给出了3个方法。
【21题详解】
考查形容词和上下文串联。A. wrong错误的；B. unbelievable难以想象的；C. reasonable 合理的；D. realistic现实的。根据下文的每个人都有想象力可知，以前的看法是错误的。故选A
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. put up with忍受；B. catch up with追上，赶上；C. make use of利用；D. keep track of记录。句意：一旦长大了以后，人们就会忘记了如何利用想象力。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查固定词组。A. be equippedwith用……装备；B. be compared with和……相比较；C. be covered with被……覆盖；D. be connected with与……相连。这里是指并不总是与伟大的艺术作品和思想联系在一起的，很多微小的事情也经常与创造力有关。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. skillfully有技巧的；B. routinely经常的；C. vividly生动地；D. deeply深入地。人们在工作和闲暇时间，都会很经常的想出一起解决问题的办法。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. familiar熟悉的；B. unrelated没有联系的；C. creative创造性的；D. imaginary想象的。这里是指把那些没有联系的事物联系在一起。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. presented呈现；B. marked标志；C. lit点亮；D. associated联系。写下一些与蜡烛有关的词或者想法。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查上下文串联。A. ideas想法，念头，意见；B. ambitions野心，雄心；C. achievement成就，功绩；D. technique技术，技巧，方法。上文6空之前提及了idea。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. experience经历，经验；B. service服务；C. present礼物；D. object物体。根据下文you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night.可知，这里是指给朋友买一个礼物。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. work工作；B. last持续；C. exist存在；D. change改变。根据上文的no limits可知，是指没有限制的，这里指限制是不存在的。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. possibilities可能性；B. limitations限制；C. tendency趋势；D. practice做法，惯例。由goal推断，考虑你的目标和新的可能性。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查短语辨析。A. in fact实际上；B. in particular尤其；C. as a whole总的说来；D. for example例如。下文是举例，故可知这里是举例说明。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. devote投入，奉献；B. adapt适应；C. lead导致；D. keep保持。由下文“Maybe you can practice skiing ever day in December, or every Monday in January. ”可推知，此处是说：现在让这个目标成为现实。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. private私人的；B. global全球的；C. different不同的；D. practical实际的。根据本段内容可知，是指换位思考，从另外一个不同的角度考虑问题。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. features特征，特色；B. themes主题，主旨；C. creatures生物；D. characters角色，性格。这里是指科幻小说的作者经常把自己当成是作品中的主角。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. positions位置；B. dreams梦想；C. images形象；D. directions方向。根据 If your goal involves other people可知，这里是指把自己放在别人的位置上。故选A。
相关学案
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