【暑假提升】人教版英语八年级（八升九）暑假-第15讲 Unit 5 What are the shirts made of 讲学案

第15讲  Unit5  What are the shirts made of

       【学习目标】

        【基础知识】

1. Is it made of silver? 它是银制的吗？(P33)

“be made of”未“be+及物动词的过去分词+ of”的被动语态结构，意为“由……制造； 由……制作”

The bridge is made of stone. 这座桥是用石头砌的

辨析 be made of， be made from， be made into， be made by与be made in

be made of “由  …制成”，后接原材料，强调物理变化，能看出原材料 

be made from“由  …制成”，后接原材料，强调化学变化，不能看出原材料

be made into“被制成...... ”，后接成品，  强调被制成什么成品

be made by“被...... 制造”，后接制作人，强调制作人是谁

be made in“在……制造”，后接地点或场所，强调物品的产地

◆The kite is made of paper. 这个风筝是用纸做的

◆The wine is made from wheat  这种酒是用小麦酿成的

◆Some of the trees w ill be made into paper. 其中一些树将被做成纸

◆The chair as made by an old carpenter. 那把椅子是一位老木匠制作的

◆This car is made in Shanghai. 这辆车由上海制造

2、Where is tea produced in China'?中国哪里产茶？（教材P34 2d)

produce (to make things to be sold,especially in large quantities)作动词，意为“生产；制造；出产”。

◆What does the factory produce？　　这家工厂生产什么产品？

辨析　produce与make

　produce可以表示通过制造而获得产品，也可以表示生产粮食、蔬菜等，即通过种植而获得产品

　make　作“制造”讲时，一般可以和produce相互换用。但不能表示通过种植而获得产品

◆They produce wheat and rice.　他们生产小麦和稻米。

◆The factory makes/produces cars.　这个工厂制造小汽车。

3、Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea安溪和杭州都是因茶而广为人知（教材P34 2d)

　　be known for意为“以……闻名；为人知晓”，同义短语是be famous for。

◆He is known/famous for his learning.　他以学问渊博著名。

注意

　表达程度“以……而非常著名”时，分别用be well known for和be very famous for。

辨析be known for,be known as与be known to

be known for“以……闻名；为人知晓”表示出名的原因

be known as“作为……闻名”，表示出名的形式

be known to　“为……所知晓”，表示出名的范围

◆Hong Kong is known for its shopping streets.香港因它的购物街出名

◆Hong Kong is known as a shopping city.   香港作为一个购物城市出名。

◆Hong Kong is known to people all over the world.  香港为全世界的人所知晓。

4、Well,as far as I know,tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.哦，据我所知，茶树被种植在山坡上。（教材P34)

　as far as在此意为“就……；据……”

◆As far as I know,that is highly unlikely. 　据我所知，那是极不可能的。

◆As far as I can see,there are no mistakes.　依我看，没有什么错。

拓展

　as far as还意为“远到……；一直到…”。

◆We walked as far as the river.　我们一直走到河边。

◆I've read as far as the third chapter.　我已读到第三章。

5、When the leaves are ready,they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing当叶子成熟以后，它们就被手工采摘，然后被送去加工。（教材P34)

(l)、are picked by hand意为“被手工采摘”，是被动语态结构：“be+及物动词的过去分词十by十其他”，介词by意为“被……”。

◆We are all moved by his words.　　我们都被他的一番话感动了。

(2)、process 动词，意为“加工；处理”。

◆The fish are processed by freezing.　　这种鱼经过了冷冻处理。

拓展

process还可作名词，意为“过程”

◆The training of astronauts is a long process.　　训练宇航员是个长期的过程。

6、 No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries. 无论你想买什么，你可能认为那些产品是在那些国家制造的。（P35）

⑴、no matter和疑问词what连用，意为“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句，这时可与whatever互换。

◆No matter what/ Whatever you say, I won’t believe you.无论你说什么，我都不相信你。

⑵、product是可数名词，意为“产品；制品”。指某种自然的或人工生产的产品，也可指文学或艺术作品；一般多指工业品，也可指农产品，它的含义比produce广。

◆Our car is a product of that factory. 我们的车是那个工厂的产品。

◆Such farm products are cheap. 那样的农产品不贵。

拓展

no matter是从属连词，意为“不管；无论”，其后常接疑问词what、which、who、 whom、where、whose、when、how等，用来引导让步状语从句。从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。使用no matter时，要注意以下情况：若主从句均表示将来动作，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来时。

◆No matter who they are，they will have to wait in line．无论他们是谁，他们都将排队等候。

7、He found it interesting that so many products in local shops were made in China.他发现当地商店那么多产品产于中国很有趣。（P35）

“find + it + 形容词 + that从句”的结构，形容词充当宾语补足语，it是形式宾语，that从句是真正的宾语。

◆I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.我发现我们向他征求意见是必须的。

拓展

“find +it +形容词+不定式”也是一个常用结构，表示“发现干某事怎么怎么样”。形容词充当宾语补足语，补充说明it的情况或状态；it是形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。

◆I find it hard to finish the work today.  我发现今天难于完成工作。

8、 He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China. 他意识到美国人几乎无法避免买中国制造的产品。（P35）

avoid是动词，意为“避免；回避”，后面常跟名词或动词作宾语；跟动词作宾语只能用动名词，构成avoid doing结构，不能跟不定式作宾语。

◆You had better avoid reading in the train.你最好避免在地铁上阅读。

9.、Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art. 在中国每个不同的地区都有她自己独特的传统艺术形式。（P38）

(l)、form此处用作可数名词，意为“形式；类型”。

◆These are two different forms of the same thing.这是同一事物的两种不同形式。

(2)、form 作名词，还可以表示“表格（纸）”。

◆Please fill in this form,giving your name,address and business.

　请填一下这张表，写上你的姓名、地址和职业。

(3)、form还可以作动词，意为“构成；组成”。

◆We formed a study group.　　我们组成了一个学习小组。

10、The most common things,from paper to clay to bamboo,are turned into objects of beauty.最普通的东西，从纸到黏土再到竹子，都变成了美丽的物品。（教材P38 2b)

　turn…into….是动词短语，意为“把……变成……”。

◆The farmers are turning wasteland into ricefields.农民们正把荒地变成稻田。

拓展turn构成的动词短语：

turn on打开    turn off关闭    turn up调大(音量)      turn down调小（音量）    turn against背叛

turn in上交    turn over翻转

11、He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.当遇到麻烦的时候，他就放孔明灯以寻求帮助。（教材P38 2b)

(1)、send out意为“发出；放出；发送”，是“动词十副词”短语，代词作宾语时，要放在两者之间。但如果名词作宾语，可以放在短语后面，也可放在短语中间。

◆The sun sends out light and heat.　　太阳发出光和热。

(2)、when in trouble是状语从句的省略句，当主句主语和从句主语相同具从句中有be动词时，可以把从句中的主语以及be动词省略。

◆I saw him while (I was)waiting for the bus.等公共汽车的时候我看见他了。

◆He fell asleep when(he was,)on duty.　他值班的时候睡着了。

12、They are made of bamboo and covered with paper.它们由竹子制成，外面被糊上纸。（教材P38 2b)

be covered with意为“被……覆盖”。

◆The whole land is covered with white snow

辨析 be covered with和be covered by

这两个短语都意为“被……所遮盖”。当介词宾语为非人为的自然物时，两者可互换。

◆The mountain is covered with(by) snow all the year round.山上终年积雪。

其区别是：

①、强调状态时多接with，强调动作时多接by。

◆The yard is covered with leaves. 院子被树叶覆盖着。

◆The top of the mountain was covered by a cloud. 山顶被云遮盖了。

②、当介词宾语为一件较小的覆盖物(如cloth, book)时,一般要用with，因为此时往往用“人”作为行为施动者。

◆The table was covered with a table cloth (by me). (我在)桌上盖着一块桌布。

13、The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story、这些工艺品通常是可爱的孩子，或者是源自中国童话故事或者历史故事中的活泼的人物形象。（教材P38 2b)

lively(full of life and energy)形容词，意为“生气勃勃的；活泼的；（色彩）鲜艳的”。

◆She may be 80,but she's still lively.　　她也许有八十岁了，但仍精力充沛。

辨析　lively,alive与living

　lively　“生气勃勃的；精力充沛的”，可作定语或表语

　alive　“活着的”，常作表语或后置定语

　living　“活着的”，常作定语

◆Who is the lively boy in the picture?　　照片中那个活泼的男孩是谁？

◆Luckily,the dog is still alive.　　幸运的是，这只狗仍然活着。

◆He is one of the oldest men alive in the world.　　他是世界上仍健在的最老的人之一。

◆The river is so dirty that no living things can live in it.  河水这么脏，以至于没有生物能在里面生存。

14、After drying,they are fired at a very high heat.干了以后它们被高温烧制。（教材P38 2b）

　heat名词，意为“热；高温”。

◆You can feel the heat of the sun.　　你可以感觉到太阳的热气。

注意

at a very high heat意为“通过高温”，heat虽是不可数名词，但前面有修饰成分时，要用冠词a。

拓展

heat 还可作动词，意为“加热；变热”。

◆Heat some water!   烧些水吧！

15、It takes several weeks to complete everything.完成每件作品需花费好几个星期。（教材P38 2b）

(l)、该句为“It takes(sb.)+一段时间+to do sth.”句型，意为“做某件事花费（某人）多长时间”。

◆It took him an hour and a half to write the letter.写这封信花了他一个半小时

(2)、complete 动词，意为“完成”

◆The builders will complete the new sports center next year.   建筑工人将在明年建成这个新的运动中心。

拓展

complete还可作形容词，意为“完整的；完全的”。

◆Is this a complete story?　　这是一个完整的故事吗？

   【考点剖析】

考点1、考查被动语态

—More and more high-technology products ________ in China.

—Yes. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.

A．is making B．are making C．is made D．are made

考点2、no matter 的用法

________ it is, just keep going because you only fail when you give up.

A．No matter what B．No matter how hard C．No matter when D．No matter where

考点3、句型find it +...+to do sth

I find ________ is very exciting for me to go camping in the open air.

A．it B．this C．one D．that

考点4、动词avoid的用法

You should avoid _______ the same mistakes.

A．make B．to make C．making D．makes

考点5、动词短语be covered with

—There are more than 1000 parks in Shenzhen and the air is so nice.

—So it is. It ________ trees and flowers everywhere.

A．is short of B．is covered with C．is connected with

        【真题演练】

1．—Do you believe that paper is made _____ wood?

—Yes, I do. And you can see that books are made ______ paper.

A．from; from B．from; of C．of; from D．of; of

2．He is often made _______ for twelve hours a day by his boss.

A．work B．working C．to work D．to be working

3．I find _______ difficult to remember everything, though I’m still young.

A．that B．this C．it D．what

4．On October 15, 2003 China _______ its second lunar orbiter Chang’e 2.

A．set out B．set off C．sent up D．sent out

5．When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to _______arguing with each other.

A．compete B．polish C．avoid D．produce

6．No matter _______ I meet Mike, he says hello to me with a smile.

A．who B．when C．wherever D．what

7．It takes him twenty minutes __________ to school.

A．to walk B．walking C．walks D．walk

8．_________ I know, more than half of the silk _________ made in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

A．As long as；is B．As far as；is C．As much as；are D．As little as；are

9．Mo Yan is known ______ his novels _____ a great writer.

A．for；to B．to；as C．for；as D．to；for

10．— Are the visitors all from _______?     — No, there are only 5 ______ in the group.

A．Germany; Germany B．Germany; Germans

C．German; Germans D．German; Germany

11．Where did Jane go just now?

— I don’t know. When I asked her, she tried to avoid      me.

A．answered B．answering

C．answer D．to answer

12．— Mary, will you invite your friends to your birthday party?

— Yes, Mom. I have _________ many invitations to my friends.

A．given away B．taken away C．worked out D．sent out

13．When you are ________,I will help you.

A．in trouble B．in help C．with trouble D．in hope

14．These old newspapers can be ______ some beautiful and creative clothes. That sounds really interesting.

A．turned on B．turned off

C．turned in D．turned into

15．What a dirty room it is! The table is covered ______ dust.

A．for B．by C．with D．of

 【过关检测】

一、单项选择

1．Our country is developing better and better, and Chinese is _________ spoken in many countries.

A．widely B．badly C．hardly D．heavily

2．_________ what you do, your parents won’t be angry with you. That’s because they love you so much.

A．In fact B．No problem C．No matter D．At first

3．—Your coat looks very nice. What’s it made_______?

—Cotton, and it is made ________ Wuhan.

A．from; in B．of; in C．from; on D．of; on

4．____ I know, he is a famous pianist.

A．As long as B．As far as C．In order that D．As soon as

5．Lei Feng is one of the most famous role models in China.He ______ helping others.

A．is known by B．is known for C．is known as D．is known to

二、用所给单词的正确形式填空

6．After the strong wind, many ________ (leaf) fell off the tree.

7．All these things must be sent to the factory for ________ (process).

8．We should avoid ______________ (talk) about subjects like age,weight or money in England.

9．Money can’t buy everything. For example, it can’t buy ______(happy) and health.

10.The children are all ___________（live）and healthy.

三、完成句子

11．这座桥是石头制成的。

The bridge is ________ ________ stone.

12．这所学校以教学好而出名。

The school ________ ________ ________ good teaching.

13．直到19世纪，所有的布料都是手工制作的。

Until the nineteenth century, all cloth was made ________ ________ .

14．通过加热，冰可以变成水。

Ice can ________ ________ water by heating.

15．屋顶被雪覆盖了。

The roof is ________ ________snow.

四、根据首字母填空

16．We like our English teacher very much because he can make his class l________.

17．I was searching for a pair of grey g________ to go with my new coat.

18．Can you feel the h________ of the sun on your back?

19．Let’s cut this piece of cloth into halves with s________ .

20．Ice, snow and steam are different f________ of water.

五、根据汉语提示填空

21．It’s not easy for some foreigners to learn to use ________ (筷子).

22．Western people use ________ (叉子) and knives at table.

23．I wrote a report about my ______________ (日常的) life.

24．The ______________ (当地的) government is trying to take action to protect the environment.

25．The first and earliest paper ________ (剪纸) was found in China 1,500 years ago.

六、句型转换

26．Wherever you go, please keep in touch with me.（改为同义句）

______________ ______________ ______________ you go, please keep in touch with me.

27．He spent two days making a toy dog for his son.（改为同义句）

It ________ him two days ________ ________ a toy dog for his son.

28．The cleaners water these trees every day.（改为被动语态）

These trees ______________ ______________ ______________ the cleaners every day.

29．The man seemed to lose his wallet.（改为同义句）

______________ ______________ ______________ the man lost his wallet.

30．I often see him play football after school. (改为被动语态)

He is often ________ ________ play football after school.