【暑假高三预备】课标全国卷地区英语高二（升高三）暑假预习-第07讲 名词性从句和定语从句 讲学案

这是一份【暑假高三预备】课标全国卷地区英语高二（升高三）暑假预习-第07讲 名词性从句和定语从句 讲学案，文件包含第07讲名词性从句和定语从句解析版-暑假自学课2023年新高三英语暑假精品课课标全国卷docx、第07讲名词性从句和定语从句原卷版-暑假自学课2023年新高三英语暑假精品课课标全国卷docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共53页， 欢迎下载使用。

1. 掌握名词性从句连接词的基本用法。
2. 掌握名词性从句时态照应的基本用法。
3. 掌握定语从句关系代词的基本用法。
4. 掌握定语从句关系副词的基本用法。
一、名词性从句
名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。引导名词性从句的引导词有：
1)连接代词:what(ever),wh(ever)，whm(ever),which(ever)，whse。作主语、宾语表语、定语。
2)连接副词:when，where, hw, why。作状语、表语。
3)从属连词:that，whether，if不作成分。
（一）that引导的名词性从句
1. 引导主语从句
1) It is/was+形容词/名词/过去分词+that从句。
It is certain that ur team will win the game.我们队一定会赢得比赛。
It is n wnder that ur team wn the game.我们队赢了那场比赛并不足为奇
2)It+不及物动词+that从句。
It never ccurred t me that yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his mind.
我没想到你能成功说服他改变主意。
2. 引导宾语从句
1)放在及物动词、形容词或介词之后引导宾语从句。
I truly believe that beauty cmes frm within.我真的相信美来自内心。
I am afraid that yu're mistaken.恐怕你弄错了。
He is a gd student except that he is a little bit careless. 他是个好学生，就是有点儿粗心。
2)及物动词+it+宾补+that从句。
He has made it clear that he will nt give in.他已经明确表示他是不会屈服的。
3.放在系动词之后引导表语从句。
My decisin is that we're t start at 6:00 am tmrrw.我的决定是我们明天早上6点出发。
4.放在抽象名词之后并对其进行解释说明，引导同位语从句。
The news that we wn the game is inspiring.我们赢得比赛的消息鼓舞人心。
（二）连接代词引导的名词性从句
1. what 相当于 the thing(s) that.….,意为“ ……的东西”。
What(=The thing that) they need is a gd textbk.他们需要的是一本好课本。
2. whatever 相当于 anything that…,意为…的任何东西”。
Yu can take whatever (=anything that)yu like.你可以拿走你喜欢的任何东西
3. whichever 相当于 any member f a grup f peple r things that.…,意为“(在某范围之内)……的任何人或物”。
Whichever bk he bught wuld be paid fr. (这些书中)无论他买哪一本书都要付款
It desn’t matter whichever yu chse.你选择哪一个对我来说都无所谓。
4.whever 相当于 anyne wh,意为“……的任何人”。
The gld medal will be awarded t whever(=anyne wh) wins first place in the bicycle race.
金牌将会奖给任何在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。
（三）连接副词when，where，hw，why引导的名词性从句
1. 宾语从句:
Yu can't imagine hw clse we are t success.你无法想象我们离成功有多近。
2. 主语从句:
Why he's ften absent frm class is a mystery.他为什么总是缺课是个谜。
3. 表语从句:
I had a cld. That's why I didn’t attend schl.我感冒了,因此我没上学。
温馨提醒：
4.同位语从句:
My questin hw I shall get in tuch with him has nt been answered.
我如何能和他取得联系的问题还没有得到答复。
（四）whether/if(是否)引导的名词性从句
1．引导主语从句
1) 放在句首引导主语从句，用whether。
Whether the meeting will be held is still a prblem.是否要开会仍然是个问题。
2) 与表示选择的r...连用,用whether。
It makes n difference whether he stays r leaves.他是留下还是离开无关紧要。
3) 与r nt 直接连用,用 whether
It makes n difference whether r nt he cmes.他是否来无关紧要。
4) 与r nt 不直接连用,用whether 或if。
It makes n difference whether/if he cmes r nt,他是否来无关紧要。
2．引导宾语从句
1) 作介词的宾语，只用whether。
It depends n whether yu can d the wrk well.
那取决于你是否能做好这项工作。
2) 后接不定式时，只用whether。
I dn't knw whether t g there. 我不知道(我)是否去那里。
3) 当宾语从句为否定句时，只用 if不用 whether。
I dn't care if he desn’t cme我不在乎他是否来。
4) 当宾语从句中不含r/r nt，或与r nt不直接连用时，则if或whether均可使用。
He didn't tell me if/whether he wuld cme. 他没告诉我他是否来。
I dn't care whether/if he cmes r nt. 我不在乎他是否来。
3．引导表语从句、同位语从句只用whether,不用if。
The prblem is whether the meeting will be held. 问题是这个会议是否将要举行。
I have n idea whether the meeting will be held. 我不知道会议是否会举行。
（五）that引导定语从句与that引导同位语从句的区别
1．that引导定语从句,that可以省略。
The news (that) we heard was nt true.我们听到的那则消息不是真的。
2．that引导同位语从句，that不作成分，不能省略。
The news came arund tw in the afternn that the meeting wuld be pstpned.
会议要被推迟的消息在下午两点左右传来。
（六）that，what引导名词性从句的区别
1．that不可省略(宾语从句除外)，在从句中不作成分，没有意义。
That he will succeed is bvius.显然，他会成功。
2．what不可省略，在从句中作成分，有词义(一般指……的东西/事情/人等)。
What she tld me is nt true她所告诉我的都不是真的。
（七）dubt 后的名词性从句
1．在否定句式中,用that引导。
There is n dubt that well win. 毫无疑问，我们会赢。
I dn't dubt that yu are hnest. 我不怀疑你的诚实。
2．在肯定句式中，dubt 用作动词时,用 whether/if引导;dubt用作名词时，用whether引导。
I dubt whether/if it is true. 我怀疑它是否真实。
There is still sme dubt whether he will cme他是否会来仍然有点疑问。
二、定语从句
在主从复合句中,修饰、限制名词、代词甚至句子的从句叫定语从句。
（一）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1．限制性定语从句:对先行词起修饰、限制作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意义就会不完整、不明确或失去意义;书写时不用逗号与主句隔开。
引导限制性定语从句的关系词有:that，which, wh, whm, whse, as , when, where, why。.
He has tw sns wh wrk in the same cmpany. (Perhaps he has mre than tw sns.)
他有在同一家公司工作的两个儿子。
2．非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用;先行词与定语从句往往由逗号隔开;非限制性定语从句相当于并列分句、状语从句等。
引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有:which wh, whm, whse, as, when, where。注意that 和why不引导非限制性定语从句。
He has tw sns, wh wrk in the same cmpany (=He has tw sns, and they wrk in the same cmpany.)
他有两个儿子,他们在同一家公司上班。
The dctr, wh is quite ld, wrks very hard. (=Althugh the dctr is quite ld, he wrks very hard.)
虽然这位医生年龄很大了，但他工作很努力。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句
1．which指代物或句子，在从句中充当主语或宾语。
This is the English bk which I bught yesterday. 这就是我昨天买的那本英语书。
He passed the driving test, which made him very excited. 他通过了驾照考试,这使他很兴奋。
2．that指代人或物，在从句中充当主语或宾语。
Finally he reached a lnely island that was cmpletely cut ff frm the utside wrld.
最终他到达了一个与外界完全隔绝的孤岛。
3．wh 指代人,在从句中充当主语或宾语; whm 指代人,在从句中只充当宾语。
She is the girl wh lives next dr. 她就是住在隔壁的那个女孩。
I met the prfessr(wh/whm)I gt t knw at a party.
我遇见了那位我在一次聚会上认识的教授。
温馨提醒：
4．whse指代人或物，在从句中充当定语。
A cmpany whse prfits frm the hme marker are declining may seek pprtunities abrad.
在国内市场利润下降的公司可以在国外谋求机会。
I live in the rm whse windw faces suth 我住在那个窗户朝南的房间里。
5．as引导的定语从句
1)用于限制性定语从句中，先行词指人或物且在限制性定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。常用句型:
①such(+名词)+as….(像……一样的，像……之类的);
②the same+名词+as….(和……一样的)。
We have fund such materials as are used in their factry.
我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。(as 作主语)
I have the same bk as he has.我有和他一样的书。(as 作宾语)
2)用于非限制性定语从句中,先行词为整个主句或主句中的一部分，意为“正如……,像……”
As is ften the case, the fact that things are cheap desn’t necessarily mean they are f lw quality.
像往常常有的情况一样,便宜的东西未必就意味着它们质量差。
（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词常用which(指物)或whm(指人)，即“介词+which/whm”，且which 或whm 不能省略。
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single persn, t whm she culd turn fr help.
在黑暗的街道上,没有一个她可以求助的人。
He has three English textbks, all f which are lst.他有三本英语课本,都丢了。
2．“复合介词短语+关系代词 which”引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开。
He lived in a big huse, in frnt f which std a big tall tree.
他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵又大又高的树。
He had a bad cld, as a result f which he was absent frm schl last week.
他得了重感冒，结果他上周没上课。
温馨提醒：
（四）关系副词引导的定语从句
1． when指代时间,在从句中充当状语,可改为“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。
I can still remember the day when(n which)I jined the army.我仍然记得我参军的那一天。
2．where指代地点，在从句中充当状语，可改为“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。
Can yu tell me the ffice where (in which)he wrks?你能告诉我他工作的办公室吗?
3．why指代原因,在从句中充当状语,可改为“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。
The reasn why (fr which)we shuld plant mre trees is that they can beautify the envirnment.
我们应该多植树的原因是树木可以美化环境。
温馨提醒：
（五）在限制性定语从句中，只用关系代词that不能用which 的情况
1．当先行词为all，everything，anything, nthing等时。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stlen t the plice.
最后，这个小偷将他所盗窃的所有东西都交予了警方。
2．当先行词被the nly, the very, the right 等词语修饰时。
This is the very bk that I was lking fr.这正是我当时在寻找的书。
3．当先行词是序数词或最高级，或者被序数词或最高级修饰时。
This train is the first (ne) that will g t Suzhu.这是去苏州的第一趟火车。
4．当先行词既有人又有物时。
D yu knw the things and persns that they’re talking abut? 你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗?
考点一：考场what引导名词性从句
例1．______ annyed me last night was the nise f the firecrackers frm the neighburhd area till midnight.
【答案】What
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：昨晚使我恼火的（事）是从附近街区传来的一直持续到午夜的爆竹声。句子分析可知，“___ annyed me last night”为名词性从句作主语，设空处在从句中作主语，表示“……事”，用连接代词what引导；设空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。
考点二：考场that引导名词性从句
例2． When we cme acrss such factual differences, we shuldn’t rush t the cnclusin ________ ne f the news reprts gives false infrmatin.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：当我们遇到这样的事实差异时，我们不应该急于得出其中一篇新闻报道提供了虚假信息的结论。引导同位语从句，说明cnclusin的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导。故填that。
考点三：考场-ever引导名词性从句
例3．Every emplyee needs t find their unique value cntributin that makes them stand ut in ________ is their field f emplyment.
【答案】whatever
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：每个员工都需要找到自己独特的价值贡献，使他们在自己的就业领域脱颖而出。分析句子可知，设空处位于介词in后，在句中引导宾语从句，从句中缺主语，结合句意可知，此处表示物，应用whatever引导。故填whatever。
考点四：考场where引导名词性从句
例4．Why nt try yur luck dwntwn, Bb? That’s ___the best jbs are.
【答案】where
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：为什么不去市中心碰碰运气呢，鲍勃？那是最好的工作所在地。空格处引导表语从句，从句缺少表语，结合句意“所在地”可知，应用连接副词where。故填where。
考点五：固定句型中名词性从句
例5．There is n dubt ____the wden chair is much strnger than the plastic ne yu bught yesterday.
【答案】that
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，这把木椅比你昨天买的塑料椅结实得多。There is n dubt that…为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，从句成分和意义都完整，故此处that引导同位语从句。故填that。
考点六：抽象名词具体化的用法
例6．The questin ________ English will keep n changing in the future is easy t answer since it is certain that this prcess will cntinue.
【答案】whether
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：英语将来会不断变化的问题很容易回答，因为这个过程肯定会继续下去。分析可知， ________English will keep n changing in the future 为同位语从句，解释名词the questin，从句中句子成分齐全，意思上缺少“是否”，所以用从属连词whether，意为“是否”，故填whether。
考点七：关系代词that、which引导的定语从句
例7．Mr. Crssett will never frget the day ________ he spent with his students.
【答案】that/which/无
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Mr. Crssett 永远不会忘记和学生度过的那天。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是day，从句缺少宾语，应用关系代词which/that引导；关系代词作宾语可省略。故填that/which/无。
考点八：关系副词where引导的定语从句
例8．Oppsite is St. Paul's Church, ________ yu can hear sme lvely music.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你可以听到一些优美的音乐。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词St.Paul's Church，且先行词在从句中作的是地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
考点九：关系代词whse引导的定语从句
例9．The building _________ drs are white is an ffice building.
【答案】whse
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：门是白色的那座建筑是一座办公楼。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是the building，指物，关系词在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系，意为“……的”。故填whse。
考点十：关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句
例10．Search engines search the Internet based n the key wrds yu type in, and chse such web pages fr yu ________ cntain the wrds yu ask fr.
【答案】as
【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：搜索引擎根据你输入的关键词搜索互联网，并为你选择出包含你要求的关键词的网页。在定语从句中，当先行词前有such, the same修饰时，关系代词用as, 句中web pages为先行词，前有such修饰，故填as。
考点十一：关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句
例11．________ is ften the case with children, Tm was better by the time the dctr arrived.
【答案】As
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆在医生赶到前已经完全没事了，这种事经常发生在孩子身上。as 引导非限制定语从句，先行词是整个句子，as在从句中作主语，意为“正如，像……一样”。故填As。
考点十二：定语从句“介词+关系代词”用法
例12．Nelsn ffered guidance t pr black peple n their legal prblems ________ which I was grateful.
【答案】fr
【解析】考查介词。句意：纳尔逊为贫穷的黑人提供法律问题方面的指导，对此我心存感激。分析句子可知，此句是一个由介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句，短语be grateful fr“对……心存感激”，因此要用介词fr，解释原因，fr which=why，作状语。故填fr 。
考点十三：定语从句谓语主谓一致
例13．David is ne f thse students wh ________ (praise) by the headmaster yesterday.
【答案】were praised
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：大卫是昨天被校长表扬的学生之一。根据句意可知，关系代词“wh”指代的先行词是“thse students”，为复数，同时应用一般过去时。故填were praised。
考点十四：先行词是the way的定语从句
例14．Yur friends als influence the way ________ yu view yur physical appearance.
【答案】that/in which/省略(/)
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你的朋友也会影响你看待自己外表的方式。分析句子可知，此处为the way当“way”表示“方式、方法”，the way在句中作先行词，后被一个定语从句修饰时，the way在从句中作作状语成分，引导定语从句可用that，也可用in which，或什么都不用。故填that/in which/ 省略(/)。
考点十五：分割型定语从句
例15． Occasins are quite rare _________ I have the time t spend a day with my kids.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我有时间和家人待在一起一天的时候很少。定语从句的先行词是ccasins，被谓语are quite rare分隔开。故填when。
第一组（名词性从句）
一、单项填空
1.（2021·天津·高考真题）It seemed that I had becme ________ my parents had wanted me t be.
A．whenB．whereC．whatD．whether
2.（2021·天津·高考真题）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has s many crazy ideas.
A．whetherB．whyC．whatD．when
3.（2020·江苏·高考真题）It is nt a prblem _____ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter f time.
A．whetherB．whyC．whenD．where
4．（2020·天津·高考真题）The student cmpleted this experiment t make cme true ______ Prfessr Jseph had said.
A．thatB．whatC．whenD．where
5.（2020·天津·高考真题）My grandmther helped me believe that I culd accmplish ____________ I put my mind t.
A．wheneverB．whateverC．whereverD．whichever
6（2018·天津·高考真题）He studied hard and later became a well-knwn writer, which was ______ his father had expected.
A．whyB．hwC．thatD．what
7.（2019·江苏·高考真题）Scientists have btained mre evidence ________ plastic is finding its way int the human bdy.
A．whatB．thatC．whichD．where
8.（2019·天津·高考真题）The pinin learning is a lifelng prcess has been expressed by educatin experts thrughut the years.
A．whichB．that
C．whatD．hw
9．（2018·北京·高考真题）（2018· 北京）This is _________ my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
A．hwB．which
C．thatD．what
10.（2018·天津·高考真题）The gld medal will be awarded t ___________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A．whmeverB．wherever
C．wheverD．whatever
11．（2017·江苏·高考真题）We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20, half f _______ it used t charge.
A．thatB．which
C．whatD．hw
12.（2017·天津·高考真题）She asked me ________ I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A．whenB．where
C．whetherD．what
13.（2017·北京·高考真题）Jane mved aimlessly dwn the tree-lined street, nt knwing ________ she was heading.
A．whyB．where
C．hwD．when
13.（2016·天津·高考真题）The manager put frward a suggestin __________ we shuld have an assistant. There is t much wrk t d.
A．whetherB．that
C．whichD．what
14.（2018·江苏·高考真题）By bat is the nly way t get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A．whereB．when
C．whyD．hw
27．（2015·陕西·高考真题）Reading her bigraphy, I was lst in admiratin fr _____Dris Lessing had achieved in literature.
A．whatB．that
C．whyD．hw
二、单句填空
1.（2021新高考I卷）Ging t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles’ sng “The Lng and Winding Rad”. __________ is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
2.（2021北京卷）The pr wman wasn't able t give him any infrmatin abut __________she lived.
3.（2021天津卷）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has s many crazy ideas.
4.（2020北京卷）Oliver says if yu're lucky enugh t have smene clse t yu wh enjys cking, ask them __________yu can jin in when it's pssible.
5.（2020浙江卷）Over thusands f years，they began t depend less n __________ culd be hunted r gathered frm the wild，and mre n animals they had raised and crps they had swn.
6.（2020天津卷）The student cmpleted this experiment t make cme true __________Prfessr Jseph had said.
7.（2020江苏卷）It is nt a prblem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter f time.
8.(2019·江苏卷)Scientists have btained mre evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way int the human bdy.
9.(2019·新课标I卷)While they are rare nrth f 88°,there is evidence __________ they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada.
10.(2018·北京)This is _________ my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
第二组（定语从句）
一、单项填空
1．（2022·天津·高考真题）Guide bks are prepared t suit the cnvenience f the traveler, ________ rutes rund a city r a site are ften suggested.
A．fr whichB．with which
C．fr whmD．with whm
2．（2021·天津·高考真题）In the spring, a seasn ________ we are learning new rhythms f life，many f us find cmfrt in the natural wrld.
A．whenB．whereC．whatD．which
3．（2017·天津·高考真题）I have reached a pint in my career ________ I need t decide which way t g.
A．thatB．whereC．whichD．why
4．（2021·天津·高考真题）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demnstrate their skills and teach the visitrs.
A．whereB．whichC．thatD．when
5．（2021·天津·高考真题）William Hastie nce suggested that histry infrms us f past mistakes ________ we can learn withut repeating them.
A．frm whichB．in whichC．with whmD．fr whm
6．（2017·全国·高考真题）The shipping grup, _______prfits dived last year by nearly a third, has tld sharehlders t expect an even lwer result fr this year．
A．whseB．whereC．whichD．that
7．（2020·江苏·高考真题）Many lessns are nw available nline, frm _____ students can chse fr free.
A．whseB．whichC．whenD．whm
8．（2020·天津·高考真题）Dr. Rwan, ______ secretary resigned tw weeks ag, has had t d all his wn typing.
A．whseB．f whmC．f whichD．which
9．（2020·天津·高考真题）Mr. Smith wned this il painting until the early 1990 s, ____________he gave it t his grandsn.
A．whichB．whenC．whereD．wh
10．（2018·天津·高考真题）There was a lng wait at the receptin desk, ______ everyne was checking in.
A．whyB．whichC．whmD．where
11．（2019·江苏·高考真题）We have entered int an age _______ dreams have the best chance f cming true.
A．whichB．whatC．whenD．that
12．（2019·天津·高考真题）The curse nrmally attracts abut 100 students per year, up t half will be frm abrad.
A．whB．f which
C．whenD．f whm
13．（2016·天津·高考真题）We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, ________ the weather may be better.
A．thatB．where
C．whichD．when
14．（2015·北京·高考真题）Oppsite is St. Paul’s Church, ________ yu can hear sme lvely music.
A．whichB．thatC．whenD．where
15．（2018·江苏·高考真题）Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest f the wrld are n the same starting line.
A．thatB．where
C．whichD．when
16．（2018·北京·高考真题）She and her family bicycle t wrk, _________ helps them keep fit.
A．whichB．wh
C．asD．that
17．（2018·天津·高考真题）Kate, _________sister I shared a rm with when we were at cllege, has gne t wrk in Australia.
A．whmB．that
C．whseD．her
18．（2017·江苏·高考真题）In 1963 the UN set up the Wrld Fd Prgram, ne f ________ purpses is t relieve wrldwide starvatin.
A．whichB．it’s
C．whseD．whm
19．（2017·北京·高考真题）The little prblems ________ we meet in ur daily lives may be inspiratins fr great inventins.
A．thatB．as
C．whereD．when
20．（2017·天津·高考真题）My eldest sn, ________ wrk takes him all ver the wrld, is in New Yrk at the mment.
A．thatB．whseC．hisD．wh
二、单句填空
1.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species ___________live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
2.（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilmeter jurney, the man Ca Shengkang, ___________ lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident, crssed 40 cities and cunties in three prvince.
3.（2022浙江1月卷）Kim Cbb, a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta, is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics ___________ are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change.
4.（2021新高考II卷）I decided that if I learned f a cmpany ___________used a lt f plastic, I'd send it an email urging it t cut back.
5.（2021北京卷）When yu sleep, yur brain srts thrugh everything ___________ happened during the day, trying t link new experiences t ld memries.
6.（2021浙江1月卷）BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl ___________ gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight.
7.（2021天津卷）William Hastie nce suggested that histry infrms us f past mistakes frm ___________we can learn withut repeating them.
8.（2021天津卷）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ___________ artists demnstrate their skills and teach the visitrs.
9.（2020新高考卷）The 80,000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane, fr example, frmed the cre cllectin f the British Museum ___________ pened in 1759.
10.（2020全国I卷）Because the mn’s bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt ___________ it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.
11.（2020全国III卷）In ancient China lived an artist, ___________ paintings were almst lifelike. The artist’s reputatin had made him prud.
12.（2020天津卷）Dr. Rwan, ___________ secretary resigned tw weeks ag, has had t d all his wn typing.
13.（2020江苏卷）Many lessns are nw available nline, frm ___________students can chse fr free.
14.（2020江苏卷）If yu lk at all sides f the situatin, yu’ll find prbably a slutin that ___________everyne.
15.（2019全国II卷）Nw Irene Astbury wrks frm 9am t 5pm daily at the pet shp in Macclesfield, ___________ she pened with her late husband Les.
第一组（名词性从句）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．With these inspiring wrds ringing in their ears, Allied sldiers prepared fr ________ wuld becme knwn as D-Day.
2．The gld medal will be awarded t ________ wins the first place in the bicycler.
3．I have n idea _________ has happened recently n my c-wrker, s I can’t give the sad girl a suitable cmfrt.
4．Cncerns were raised ________ witnesses might be encuraged t exaggerate their stries in curt t ensure a decisin f guilty.
5．_____is knwn t us all is that the 2024 Olympic Games will take place in Paris.
6．One f the reasns why Charles Dickens lved his nvel David Cpperfield was ________it was based n his wn life.
7．—The questin is ________ it is that we can g fr a picnic.
—I recmmend a natinal frest park 18 miles away frm here.
8．It was ________ the teacher said t him _________encuraged him t make every effrt t catch up with his classmates.
9．When I saw my cat waiting sadly fr the dg t return at the gate, I suddenly realized ________ clse the relatinship between them was.
9．It was annunced that a charge fr plastic bags ___________(charge) next year.
10．There is grwing evidence ________staying up late at night has a serius impact n peple’s health.
11．He didn’t attend schl yesterday, and that’s________ he gt a tthache.
12．The mment I will always remember is ________ I delivered my first English speech befre a big audience.
13．Susan made it clear t me ________she wished t make a new life fr herself.
14．________team wins n Saturday will g t the natinal champinships.
15．The reasn ________ accunts fr their names Galilean Mns is ________ they were discvered by Galile in 1610.
16．The teacher said that the sun ________(rise) in the east and ________(set) in the west.
17．—Children’s behaviur is mst easily influenced by his parents.
—True. That’s ________ we shuld set a gd example t ur kids.
18．Peple g fr walks less and prefer quiet rest at hme. That’s ________ there are marathns and ther sprts events aimed at encuraging peple t mve mre.
19．—I prefer shutting myself in and listening t music all day n Sundays.
—That’s ______ I dn’t agree. Yu shuld have a mre active life.
20．I wnder ________ yu culd give me sme advice n hw t learn English.
第二组（定语从句
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He had thusands f students, many f ________ gained great success in their wn fields.
2．Li Ming, with ________ I went t the cncert, enjyed it very much.
3．Her sister, ________ yu met at my hme, was a teacher f English.
4．This music brught us back t the days ________we played happily tgether near the river.
5．When I went back t my hmetwn years later, I saw a beautiful park, ______ had been a wasteland fr many years.
6．Have yu ever dreamed f singing in frnt f an audience f thusands at a cncert, _______ everyne is clapping and appreciating yur music?
7．Thmas, with ________ help I have made great prgress in English, is highly thught f by us.
8．Occasins are quite rare___________ I can spend a whle week with my family during the Chinese New Year Hliday.
9．The Temple f Heaven is a cmplex f buildings _______emperrs f the Ming and Qing dynasties in China wrshiped heaven.
10．The reasn ________ Tm failed in the exam was ______ he didn’t wrk hard.
11．Hwever, fr thse ________ are dangerusly verweight, it is very imprtant that they try t lse weight prperly.
12．They talked abut the schls and teachers ________they had visited.
13．_______ is reprted in the newspaper, the earthquake in the east f Jiangxi Prvince killed 13 peple.
14．In the lecture, the prfessr referred t many cases ____________parents knew their kids’ prblems but culdn’t settle them in a crrect way.
15．It was in this ld schl ________ the gvernment built in 1968 ________ he received gd educatin.
16．Many lessns are nw available nline, frm ______students can chse fr free.
17．He lives in the large rm ________ windws face suth, where he culd have a gd view. (用适当的词填空)
18．_________ is ften the case, students tend t be mre enthusiastic abut classes in which they can participate and interact.
19．There cmes a time ________ children need t knw mre than the basic facts f life.
20．My physics teacher is my rle mdel, ____________ influence n me has made what I am tday.why引导的表语从句强调结果；because引导的表语从句强调原因。
I didn't attend schl. That's because I had a cld.我没上学，那是因为我感冒了。
1.that不引导非限制性定语从句;
2.在限制性定语从句中，关系代词作动词宾语时可以省略，在非限制性定语从句中不可省略。
关于“介词+关系代词”中介词的选择，一看先行词固定搭配，二看定语从句动词、形容词等构成的固定搭配，三看语境逻辑。介词的选择，先行词指物应用which，先行词指人应用whm。
The man with whm my father is shaking hands is ur headmaster.
和我父亲握手的那个男子是我们的校长。
Yu've made great prgress in English, f which I’m greatly prud.
你在英语方面取得了巨大的进步,为此我感到很骄傲。
Jhn invited abut 40 peple t his wedding mst f whm are family members.
约翰邀请了大约40人参加婚礼，其中大多数都是家庭成员。
1.关系副词why只能引导限制性定语从句。
2.当先行词为atmsphere, case, pint, situatin, stage等抽象的地点名词且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词where引导。
I have reached a pint in my life where I am suppsed t make decisins n my wn.
我已经到了人生中应该自己做出决定的地步了。