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浙江省宁波市慈溪市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份浙江省宁波市慈溪市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
慈溪市2022学年第二学期高一期末测试卷
英语学科试题卷
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项：
1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man probably do tonight?
A. Go to see a film. B. Dine out with the woman. C. Prepare for his job interview.
2. When will the plane take off?
A. 10:50. B. 9:50. C. 9:30.
3. How will the man probably mail the books?
A. By ordinary mail. B. By air parcel. C. By airmail.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. At the woman’s house. C. In a drug store.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. How Eric got his ankle hurt.
B. Whether Eric will play in a game.
C. Why Eric didn’t quit the game right away.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is probably the man?
A. A secretary. B. A receptionist. C. A shop assistant.
7. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To ask him for help.
B. To make an appointment.
C. To confirm some information.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the man trying to do?
A. Search for a shopping mall.
B. Look for the woman’s house.
C. Ask a passer-by for directions.
9. Where is the man now?
A. Outside a hotel. B. Outside a bank. C. Outside a cafe.
10. What is the man going to do next?
A. Park his car. B. Find a traffic sign. C. Drive along Down Street.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Old friends. B. Workout partners. C. Husband and wife.
12. Where are the speakers most probably?
A. In a bar. B. In a park. C. On a hill.
13. What do the speakers decide to do in the end?
A. Play table tennis. B. Read books at home. C. Visit Johnny and Shelly.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why does the woman feel bad?
A. She is too tired.
B. She is dizzy on an empty stomach.
C. She is worried about a meeting.
15. What does the man suggest the woman do first?
A. Take a rest. B. Have something to eat. C. Go out for some fresh air.
16. Who makes the telephone call?
A. The woman’s brother. B. The woman’s colleague. C. The president’s secretary.
17. What is the telephone call about?
A. An invitation to a dinner.
B. An appointment with a doctor.
C. The cancellation of a meeting.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What was the maximum temperature in southwest England by mid-afternoon?
A. 25℃. B. 14℃. C. 11℃.
19. When will the rain reach north-central England?
A. During the night. B. By mid-afternoon. C. By early morning.
20. How will the weather be in Northern Ireland this weekend?
A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
CULTURAL EVENTS
The Anniversary of the March on Washington
John Lewis, then a key civil rights leader, was the youngest speaker on the program. He criticized the Kennedy Administration for not doing enough to protect civil rights, and cautious March leader demanded he cut the sharpest parts of his speech. And the March helped lead to the passage of the Civil Rights Act and later the Voting Rights Act.
WHEN: Wednesday, September 21-8:15 PM
WHERE: 92nd St. Y-Kaufmann Concert Hall
Rigoletto
Operatic superstar Dmitri Hvorostovsky sings the title role of Verdi’s tragic masterpiece for the first time at the Met in Michael Mayer’s dazzling production set in Las Vegas. Famous soprano (女高音歌手) Aleksandra Kurzak sings the beautiful Gilda, a slave. Production: Michael Mayer; Set Designer: Christine Jones; Costume Designer: Susan Hilferty; Lighting Designer: Kevin Adams; Choreographer: Steven Hoggett.
WHEN: Thursday, November 24-7:30 PM
WHERE: The Metropolitan Opera
WICKED
Declared “The Best Musical of the Decade” by Entertainment Weekly and “A Cultural Phenomenon” by Variety, WICKED is based on the novel by Gregory Maguire, has music and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz (Godspell, Pippin, Enchanted), and a book by Winnie Holzman (My So-Called Life, Thirtysomething, Huge). The production is directed by Toy Award wine Joe Mantello with musical staging by Wayne Cilento.
WHEN: Thursday, October 20-8:00PM
WHERE: Gershwin Theatre, New York, NY
Neighborhood Concert: Sean Jones Quartet
The former lead trumpet player of Wynton Marsalis’Jazz at Lincoln Center Orchestra ones plays the instrument with tremendous expressive power. The critics agree: The All About Jazz website said of his new recording “At times breathtaking. No Need for Words is an album of exceeding beauty.
WHEN: Monday, October 24-7:00 PM
WHERE: Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture
1. What do we know about John Lewis’ speech?
A. It was cancelled before the March.
B. It helped little to improve civil rights.
C. It was not supported by the March leaders.
D. It contained sharp criticism of the government.
2. Which of the following is a character in Verdi’s tragic masterpiece?
A. Gilda. B. Dmitri Hvorostovsky.
C. Michael Mayer. D. Aleksandra Kurzak.
3. Which event would suit one who likes to see a musical based on a novel?
A. Rigoletto.
B. WICKED.
C. Neighborhood Concert: Sean Jones Quartet.
D. The Anniversary of the March on Washington.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四场文化活动的相关情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Anniversary of the March on Washington的“cautious March leader demanded he cut the sharpest parts of his speech (谨慎的游行领袖要求他删减演讲中最尖锐的部分)”可知，约翰·刘易斯的演讲中包含对政府的尖锐批评。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rigoletto的“Famous soprano Aleksandra Kurzak sings the beautiful Gilda, a slave.(著名女高音歌手亚历山大·库尔扎克扮演了美丽的吉尔达，她是一个奴隶。） ”可知，Gilda (吉尔达)是Verdi悲剧杰作中的人物。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据WICKED的“Declared “The Best Musical of the Decade” by Entertainment Weekly and “A Cultural Phenomenon” by Variety, WICKED is based on the novel by Gregory Maguire. (WICKED被《娱乐周刊》评为“十年最佳音乐剧”，被《综艺》称为“一种文化现象”，它根据格雷戈里·马奎尔的小说改编。)”可知，活动WICKED适合喜欢看根据小说改编的音乐剧的人。故选B。
B
Sarah Park has known about the impact of music on the brain since a young age. The 13-year-old, who has been playing the violin since she was 4, says she noticed its positive effect on those around her, especially her grandmother, who suffered from a mental health illness.
Now, the middle school student from Jacksonville, Florida, hopes to use music treatment to help others struggling with mental health. On October 19, 2021, her invention, Spark Care+, earned her the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” at the 3M Young Scientist Challenge, which is an annual national competition that invites students in grades 5-8 to find a unique solution to an everyday problem.
“I was pretty shocked when they announced my name as the grand prize winner,” Park said. “I was excited and thrilled with what’s to come next with Spark Care+.”
Spark Care+ requires participants to respond to a series of questions according to the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale, designed to assess the person’s mental state. The device’s inbuilt sensors record vital mental health indicators (指标), such as the heart rate, blood pressure and so on. Spark Care+’s AI (Artificial Intelligence) component analyzes them and recommends the appropriate music to help lift the participant’s spirits. It also monitors its impact on the listener.
The ninth-grader hopes to turn her model into a wristband with inbuilt sensors, a heart-rate monitor, and Bluetooth. She also wants to build an app which is available to everyone. “I hope to be able to distribute it around the world to people of all ages,” Park says.
In addition to being a inventor. Park is also a musical genius who has won several violin competitions, including the Florida state championship. She also plays the piano and is a math champion. The teen desires to be an innovator and researcher in the medical field using technology and robotics. Her advice to other young scientists? “Dream big, ask questions, and anything is possible.”
4. What does the 3M Young Scientist Challenge aim to do?
A. Turn ordinary students into scientists. B. Meet the challenge of science bravely.
C. Solve the common problems in life. D. Find a cure for a mental health illness.
5. What does the underlined word “them” refer to in paragraph 4?
A. Some mental health indicators. B. The device’s inbuilt sensors.
C Heart rate and blood pressure. D. Anxiety and depression degree.
6. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The app has been available to everyone.
B. Sarah Park is a girl of diverse talent and pursuit.
C. Sarah Park wants to major in technology and robotics.
D. Sarah Park’s grandmother encourages her to invent the Spark Care+.
7. What can we learn from Sarah Park’s story?
A. No pains, no gains. B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Many hands makes the heavy work light. D. Nothing is impossible to an ambitious heart.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Sarah Park的发明“Spark Care+”在3M青年科学家挑战赛上获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，介绍了这一发明的操作过程以及Sarah Park的相关情况。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“On October 19, 2021, her invention, Spark Care+, earned her the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” at the 3M Young Scientist Challenge, which is an annual national competition that invites students in grades 5-8 to find a unique solution to an everyday problem.(2021年10月19日，她的发明“Spark Care+”在3M青年科学家挑战赛上获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，3M青年科学家挑战赛是一年一度的全国性竞赛，邀请5-8年级的学生为日常问题找到独特的解决方案)”可知，3M青年科学家挑战赛的目标是解决生活中常见的问题。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The device’s inbuilt sensors record vital mental health indicators (指标), such as the heart rate, blood pressure and so on.(该设备内置的传感器可以记录重要的心理健康指标，如心率、血压等)”以及“Spark Care+’s AI (Artificial Intelligence) component analyzes”可知，该设备内置的传感器可以记录重要的心理健康指标，然后Spark Care+的AI组件会对心理健康指标进行分析，故them指的是“一些心理健康指标”。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In addition to being an inventor. Park is also a musical genius who has won several violin competitions, including the Florida state championship. She also plays the piano and is a math champion. The teen desires to be an innovator and researcher in the medical field using technology and robotics. Her advice to other young scientists? “Dream big, ask questions, and anything is possible.”(除了是一个发明家。Park还是一位音乐天才，曾多次赢得包括佛罗里达州冠军在内的小提琴比赛。她还弹钢琴，是数学冠军。这名青少年希望成为一名利用技术和机器人技术的医疗领域的创新者和研究者。她对其他年轻科学家的建议是什么？“敢于梦想，勇于提问，一切皆有可能。”)”可推知，Sarah Park是一个有着多种天赋和追求的女孩。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Her advice to other young scientists? “Dream big, ask questions, and anything is possible.”(她对其他年轻科学家的建议是什么？“敢于梦想，勇于提问，一切皆有可能。”)”可推知，Sarah Park的故事告诉我们对于一颗雄心勃勃的心，没有什么是不可能的。故选D。
C
To some, a cow’s burp (打嗝) might seem like a small thing. But in New Zealand, there are more cows than people. There are only five million people in New Zealand, which is home to 10 million cows.
Cows do not easily digest the grass they eat-instead, they ferment (发酵) it in their stomachs. The process releases a lot of gas. So, every time someone eats beef or drinks milk, the process comes at a high cost to the environment. The cows produce methane (甲烷) gas, which has a much stronger effect on global warming.
The scientists in New Zealand are working on ways to reduce the amount of gas that comes out of the cows. They are considering changing the food the animals eat or putting a device on the cow to change the methane into something innocuous. There is also talk of feeding the cows a kind of special red seaweed or giving them a food addition that would help them digest the grass.
In addition, farmers want a solution. That is because New Zealand has announced plans to tax farmers whose animals produce too much methane gas. The farmers say they will be affected if the tax plan go into effect.
A farmer running a farm in the town of Featherston, in the Wellington Region, is trying to get more milk from each cow. The increased efficiency means he does not need as many cows, which in turn reduces the amount of methane coming from his farm. At a farmer level, he is doing his bit to help save the planet.
The fight against methane is serious in New Zealand. The county promised to reduce the gas produced by farm animals by up to 47 percent by the year 2050.
8. Why does cows’ burping become a problem in New Zealand?
A. New Zealanders prefer milk. B. The number of the cows is too large.
C. The cows consume much grass. D. The cows have the digestive problem.
9. What does the underlined word “innocuous” mean in paragraph3?
A. Rare. B. Poisonous. C. Harmless. D. Inexpensive.
10. Why do cow farmers want a solution?
A. They will raise fewer cows. B. They are affected by the warm climate.
C. They can’t increase milking efficiency. D. They will face a heavier financial burden.
11. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Climate Change: Cow Raising Is to Blame
B. Methane Gas: The Fight Against It Is Serious
C. Global Warming: New Zealand Targets Cow Burps
D. Cow Burping: Scientists Look for Some Ways to Stop It
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述的是，因为奶牛打嗝产生的气体对全球变暖有很大影响，新西兰在寻找方法减少奶牛打嗝产生的气体。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“ To some, a cow’s burp might seem like a small thing. But in New Zealand, there are more cows than people. There are only five million people in New Zealand, which is home to 10 million cows. (对一些人来说，牛打嗝似乎是一件小事。但在新西兰，奶牛比人多。新西兰只有500万人口，那里有1000万头牛。)”和第二段的“The cows produce methane gas, which has a much stronger effect on global warming. (奶牛会产生甲烷气体，这对全球变暖的影响要大得多。)”可知，奶牛打嗝会成为新西兰的一个问题是因为奶牛的数量太多了，会排放出大量的导致全球变暖的甲烷气体。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“The cows produce methane gas, which has a much stronger effect on global warming.(奶牛会产生甲烷气体，这对全球变暖的影响要大得多。) ”和第三段的“putting a device on the cow to change the methane into something (在奶牛身上安装一个装置，将甲烷转化为innocuous的东西。)”可知，该装置可以把甲烷变成安全无害的东西，以减少对全球变暖的影响，则划线词意为“无害的”。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“That is because New Zealand has announced plans to tax farmers whose animals produce too much methane gas. The farmers say they will be affected if the tax plan go into effect. (这是因为新西兰宣布计划对动物产生过多甲烷气体的农民征税。农民们表示，如果税收计划生效，他们将受到影响。)”可知，奶牛养殖户想要一个解决方案的原因是他们将面临更沉重的财政负担。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段的“The cows produce methane gas, which has a much stronger effect on global warming.(奶牛会产生甲烷气体，这对全球变暖的影响要大得多。) 和最后一段的“The fight against methane is serious in New Zealand. The county promised to reduce the gas produced by farm animals by up to 47 percent by the year 2050. (在新西兰，与甲烷的斗争是严肃的。该国承诺到2050年将农场动物产生的甲烷气体减少47%。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是，因为奶牛打嗝产生的气体对全球变暖有很大影响，新西兰在寻找方法减少奶牛打嗝产生的气体，因此C项（全球变暖：新西兰着手解决奶牛打嗝）概括文章内容最全面，最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
D
Anyone who uses the ChatGPT website can ask the chatbot questions on any topic and get a speedy, detailed response in paragraph form. It has been highly welcomed and favored by people since its release (发行) in November, 2022.
However, the company OpenAI is honest about some of the technology’s shortcomings. According to its website, the chatbot occasionally “generates incorrect information” and “produces harmful instructions or prejudiced content”. It lists a third question: having “limited knowledge of the world and events after 2021”.
The New York City Department of Education banned the use of ChatGPT this month on devices and networks owned by schools across the state. The department mentioned concerns from local school teachers about student success. Oakland Unified School District in California and Seattle Public Schools have moved against ChatGPT, because it creates human-like responses that can be difficult to detect. Other large school systems including Miami-Dade County and Houston haven’t banned ChatGPT so far. Universities including Princeton are refusing to ban the chatbot; instead, they are advising professors to set their own rules.
Blocking (堵塞) a particular platform may be far less effective than schools think. “If students are not using it in their classes, they can use it at home or on their personal devices,” said Adam Phyall, “an education technology expert. Are we going to have a conversation about how we’re going to unblock it? Or is it going to be: If we’re scared, let’s give it up and move onto the next thing? Instead, schools could use ChatGPT to teach kids how to improve their writing, for instance,” he said.
An OpenAI spokesperson said the company wants to help schools with their concerns and that users should reasonably use their Al-generated text. The company is working on a system for teachers to check whether students have used ChatGPT to cheat.
12. Which is NOT the disadvantage of the ChatGPT?
A. It may have wrong information.
B. It can’t detect the human-like responses.
C. It may give improper directions and contents.
D. It doesn’t know all the knowledge and event after 2021.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Different reactions to ChatGPT. B. The background of ChatGPT.
C. Difficulties to ChatGPT’s improvement. D. The use of ChatGPT in school.
14. What is Adam Phall’s attitude to banning ChatGPT in school?
A. Favourable. B. Unclear. C. Disapproving. D. Cautious.
15. What will the company OpenAI probably do next?
A. Train teachers to use ChatGPT. B. Introduce ChatGPT into more school.
C. Perfect the technology of ChatGPT. D. Help educators recognize ChatGPT text.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章列举了ChatGPT的优缺点以及人们对ChatGPT的不同评价。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“According to its website, the chatbot occasionally “generates incorrect information” and “produces harmful instructions or prejudiced content”. It lists a third question: having “limited knowledge of the world and events after 2021”. (根据其网站，聊天机器人偶尔会“产生不正确的信息”和“产生有害的指令或偏见的内容”。它列出了第三个问题：“对2021年后的世界和事件了解有限”。)”可知，文中关于ChatGPT的缺点中并没有提到它无法检测到类似人类的反应。故选B。
【13题详解】
段落大意题。根据第三段的“The New York City Department of Education banned the use of ChatGPT this month on devices and networks owned by schools across the state. The department mentioned concerns from local school teachers about student success. Oakland Unified School District in California and Seattle Public Schools have moved against ChatGPT, because it creates human-like responses that can be difficult to detect. Other large school systems including Miami-Dade County and Houston haven’t banned ChatGPT so far. Universities including Princeton are refusing to ban the chatbot; instead, they are advising professors to set their own rules. (纽约市教育部门本月禁止在全州学校拥有的设备和网络上使用ChatGPT。该部门提到了当地学校教师对学生成功的担忧。加州奥克兰联合学区和西雅图公立学校已经开始反对ChatGPT，因为它会产生类似人类的反应，很难被发现。到目前为止，包括迈阿密戴德县和休斯顿在内的其他大型学校系统还没有禁止ChatGPT。包括普林斯顿大学在内的大学拒绝禁止聊天机器人；相反，他们建议教授们制定自己的规则。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是对ChatGPT的评价是褒贬不一的。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““If students are not using it in their classes, they can use it at home or on their personal devices,” said Adam Phyall, “an education technology expert. Are we going to have a conversation about how we’re going to unblock it? Or is it going to be: If we’re scared, let’s give it up and move onto the next thing? Instead, schools could use ChatGPT to teach kids how to improve their writing, for instance,” he said. (教育技术专家Adam Phyall说：“如果学生在课堂上不使用它，他们可以在家里或个人设备上使用”。他说，“我们会就如何解锁它进行对话吗？或者如果我们害怕，让我们放弃它，转而做下一件事？相反，学校可以使用ChatGPT来教孩子们如何提高写作水平”。)”可知，Adam Phyall对禁止在学校使用ChatGPT持不赞成态度。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“An OpenAI spokesperson said the company wants to help schools with their concerns and that users should reasonably use their Al-generated text. The company is working on a system for teachers to check whether students have used ChatGPT to cheat. (OpenAI的一位发言人表示，该公司希望帮助学校解决他们的担忧，用户应该合理使用Al生成的文本。该公司正在开发一个系统，供教师检查学生是否使用ChatGPT作弊。)”可知，OpenAI下一步可能会帮助教育工作者识别ChatGPT文章。故选D。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Zibo city in Shandong province has unexpectedly gone viral (流行) on Chinese social media since late February for its local barbecue specialty, and continues to trend as the local government takes the chance to promote tourism and spending.
The latest promotion gives visitors free admission to 10 scenic spots in the city with their train ticket as long as their final destination is Zibo, according to the city’s culture and tourism bureau. This move follows another on March 31. _____16_____ Passengers who board the train are greeted by a banner (横幅) reading “Welcome to the Special BBQ Train” at the entrance of the carriage. They receive items including leaflets about Zibo’s culture and tourism draws, as well as small souvenirs and snacks. _____17_____
Barbecue is popular in China, but Zibo’s barbecue is different on three aspects. _____18_____ Besides, the skewers (烤肉串) are 70-80 percent cooked before they are brought to the table, where diners can finish cooking them on their own stoves, which lends a sense of participation. Then, diners are served flatbread, scallions and other dressings (调料) at the table so they are able to assemble (组装) their own barbecue parcels. _____19_____ These factors make the barbecue appealing and distinctive.
_____20_____ They shot videos of themselves enjoying a meal and posted them on social media in late February. Since then, many people, mostly young, have flocked to the city from all over the country to try the dish. According to local media reports on Wednesday, searches for “barbecue” increased by 370 percent in March, and searches for “Zibo barbecue” on the Internet platform as a whole have increased by 770 percent year-on-year.
A. To large extent, it is the same way Peking duck is eaten.
B. On several streets, lines can be seen outside barbecue restaurants.
C. First, it’s made on a stove, and is served with flatbread and dressings.
D. The barbecue suddenly became a hit because of a group of college students.
E. Many also took videos and posted them on social media, drawing more passengers and visitors.
F. The local government needs to think about how to promote the city as a whole, its culture and tourism.
G. The local government added a weekend special round-trip “barbecue tour” train between Jinan and Zibo.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了淄博烧烤在中国社交媒体上意外走红，当地政府抓住机会促进旅游业和消费。
【16题详解】
根据空前“This move follows another on March 31. (这是继3月31日的一次行动之后的又一次行动)”可知，下面要介绍另一个促进淄博市烧烤的措施。结合空后“Passengers who board the train are greeted by a banner (横幅) reading ‘Welcome to the Special BBQ Train’ at the entrance of the carriage.(登上这列火车的乘客会在车厢入口处看到一条横幅，上面写着“欢迎乘坐特别烧烤列车”)”可知，空处介绍“烧烤之旅”专列。G项“The local government added a weekend special round-trip “barbecue tour” train between Jinan and Zibo.(当地政府在济南和淄博之间增加了周末往返“烧烤之旅”专列)”符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据空前“They receive items including leaflets about Zibo’s culture and tourism draws, as well as small souvenirs and snacks.(他们收到的物品包括有关淄博文化和旅游景点的传单，以及小纪念品和小吃)”推知，这些人除了收到纪念品外，还做了什么事情。E项“Many also took videos and posted them on social media, drawing more passengers and visitors.(许多人还拍摄了视频并发布在社交媒体上，吸引了更多的乘客和游客)”符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据空前“Barbecue is popular in China, but Zibo’s barbecue is different on three aspects. (烧烤在中国很受欢迎，但淄博的烧烤在三个方面不同)”可知，下面要从三方面介绍淄博烧烤的不同。以及空后“Besides, the skewers (烤肉串) are 70-80 percent cooked before they are brought to the table, where diners can finish cooking them on their own stoves, which lends a sense of participation. (此外，烤串在上桌之前已经煮了70- 80%，食客可以在自己的炉子上完成烤串，这给人一种参与感)”可知，前面先从第一点说起，C项“First, it’s made on a stove, and is served with flatbread and dressings.(首先，它是在炉子上做的，配上面饼和调料)”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Then, diners are served flatbread, scallions and other dressings (调料) at the table so they are able to assemble (组装) their own barbecue parcels. (然后，用餐者在餐桌上端上面饼、葱花和其他调料，这样他们就可以自己组装烧烤包了)”可知，淄博烧烤与北京烤鸭吃法相似。A项“To large extent, it is the same way Peking duck is eaten.(在很大程度上，这与北京烤鸭的吃法相同)”符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据空后“They shot videos of themselves enjoying a meal and posted them on social media in late February. (2月底，他们拍摄了自己享受美食的视频，并将其上传到社交媒体上)”可知，这里的they指代前面让淄博烧烤火起来的一群人。D项“The barbecue suddenly became a hit because of a group of college students.(因为一群大学生，烧烤突然火了起来)”符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
British brothers James and Thomas Lindesay have pent months traveling across the Great Wall of China on foot. They ____21____ 3,263 kilometres, a remarkable achievement at any time.
Their ____22____ to complete this adventure came from their father, William Lindesay, who ____23____ along the Wall decades ago and attracted a great deal of media attention. Born in 1956 in Liverpool, William became ____24____ about the Wall later in his life. In 1987, he made the ____25____ in China by hiking the Wall. He has committed over 30 years to the protection of the structure and has ____26____ 10 books on the Wall based ____27____ his knowledge and experiences.
His action and books influenced his two sons, who now share his ____28____ in the Wall. In 2016, the Lindesay brothers flew drones (无人机) at many sections along the Wall and edited video works on the ____29____ of the Wall, hoping to keep it safe from damage. Not ____30____ with merely documenting parts of the Wall, the young brothers ____31____ wanted to find a new way to experience the structure and finally they ____32____ hiking its length, following in their father’s footsteps.
The brothers’ trip was ____33____ than they had imagined. They met many difficulties. But ____34____ the great wonder was life-changing, which gave them a better ____35____ of the structure and the history behind it.
21. A. challenged B. covered C. measured D. escaped
22. A. ability B. desire C. duty D. announcement
23. A. journeyed B. jogged C. continued D. constructed
24. A. anxious B. particular C. serious D. enthusiastic
25. A. headlines B. changes C. connection D. difference
26 A. bought B. recommended C. reviewed D. authored
27. A. in B. on C. at D. to
28. A. pride B. success C. interest D. faith
29. A. preservation B. illustration C. foundation D. origin
30. A. familiar B. satisfied C. careful D. busy
31. A. gradually B. occasionally C. desperately D. blindly
32. A. dreamed of B. carried on C. learned of D. decided on
33. A. tougher B. funner C. greater D. shorter
34. A. evaluating B. repairing C. exploring D. monitoring
35. A. memory B. assessment C. impression D. understanding
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要说明了英国兄弟詹姆斯·林赛和托马斯·林赛花了几个月的时间徒步穿越中国的长城。他们走了3263公里，这在任何时候都是了不起的成就。这也起因于他们父亲的影响。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们走了3263公里，这在任何时候都是了不起的成就。A. challenged挑战；B. covered走过，覆盖；C. measured测量；D. escaped逃走。根据后文“3,263 kilometres”表示走了多远的距离，应用动词cover。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们完成这次冒险的愿望来自于他们的父亲威廉·林赛，他几十年前曾沿着长城旅行，并引起了媒体的广泛关注。A. ability能力；B. desire渴望，愿望；C. duty义务；D. announcement宣布。根据后文“to complete this adventure”指完成冒险的愿望。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们完成这次冒险的愿望来自于他们的父亲威廉·林赛，他几十年前曾沿着长城旅行，并引起了媒体的广泛关注。A. journeyed旅行；B. jogged慢跑；C. continued继续；D. constructed建造。根据后文“ by hiking the Wall.”可知，他们的父亲威廉·林赛曾沿着长城旅行。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1956年出生于利物浦的威廉在晚年对长城产生了浓厚的兴趣。A. anxious焦虑的；B. particular特定的；C. serious严肃的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据后文“In 1987, he made the 5 in China by hiking the Wall. He has committed over 30 years to the protection of the structure and has 6 10 books on the Wall based 7 his knowledge and experiences.”可知，威廉在晚年对长城产生了浓厚的兴趣。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1987年，他因攀登长城而登上了中国头条新闻。A. headlines头条；B. changes改变；C. connection联系；D. difference差异。根据上文“attracted a great deal of media attention.”可知，他登长城的事迹上了中国新闻的头条。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他致力于保护长城30多年，并根据他的知识和经验撰写了10本关于长城的书。A. bought购买；B. recommended推荐；C. reviewed复习；D. authored撰写。根据后文“His action and books influenced his two sons”可知，指他根据他的知识和经验撰写了10本关于长城的书。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：他致力于保护长城30多年，并根据他的知识和经验撰写了10本关于长城的书。A. in在里面；B. on在上面；C. at在；D. to朝着。根据上文based表示“根据”可知短语为be based on。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的行为和书籍影响了他的两个儿子，他们现在和他一样对长城感兴趣。A. pride骄傲；B. success成功；C. interest兴趣；D. faith信念。根据上文“Born in 1956 in Liverpool, William became 4 about the Wall later in his life. ”和“His action and books influenced his two sons”可知，他的行为和书籍影响了他的两个儿子，他们现在和他一样对长城感兴趣。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年，林赛兄弟在长城的许多路段放飞无人机，并编辑了有关长城保护的视频作品，希望保护长城免受破坏。A. preservation保护；B. illustration说明；C. foundation基础；D. origin起源。根据后文“hoping to keep it safe from damage”可知，他们编辑了有关长城保护的视频作品，希望保护长城免受破坏。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。A. familiar熟悉的；B. satisfied满意的；C. careful仔细的；D. busy忙碌的。根据后文“wanted to find a new way to experience the structure”可知，这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。A. gradually逐渐地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. desperately非常，迫切地；D. blindly盲目地。根据后文“wanted to find a new way to experience the structure”并结合后文他们徒步长城可知，两兄弟迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。A. dreamed of梦想；B. carried on继续；C. learned of了解；D. decided on决定。根据后文“hiking its length, following in their father’s footsteps”可知，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对兄弟的旅途比他们想象的要艰难。A. tougher更难的；B. funnier更有趣的；C. greater更伟大的；D. shorter更短的。根据后文“They met many difficulties.(他们遇到了很多困难)”可知，旅途很艰难。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但探索这个伟大的奇迹改变了他们的生活，这让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。A. evaluating评估；B. repairing修理；C. exploring探索；D. monitoring监督。呼应上文“hiking its length, following in their father’s footsteps”指他们探索长城，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但探索这个伟大的奇迹改变了他们的生活，这让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。A. memory记忆；B. assessment估计；C. impression印象；D. understanding理解。根据后文“of the structure and the history behind it.”可知，实地探索长城让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Festivals are wonderful occasions _____36_____ allow us to relax and enjoy life. Festivals_____37_____ (celebrate) all round the world have a wide range of origins. No matter what they are, the spirit of sharing joy, _____38_____ (grateful), love, or peace is common in all festivals.
The harvest festival can _____39_____ (find) in almost every culture, which takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. In ancient Egypt, the festival was observed during the springtime, _____40_____ (feature) a parade and a great feast. Today, people in some European countries get together to celebrate ____41____ a meal.
Customs also play ____42____ important role in festivals. But with the development of modern society _____43_____ the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away while others may be established. What’s more the commercialization of festivals arouses people’s heated discussion. Some people are ____44____ (absolute) opposed to it while many believe the increase in spending is _____45_____ (benefit) to the economy and public happiness.
【答案】36. that##which
37. are celebrated
38. gratitude
39. be found
40. featuring
41. over 42. an
43. and 44. absolutely
45. beneficial
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。节日是让我们放松和享受生活的美好场合。世界各地庆祝的节日有着广泛的起源。文章主要介绍了节日的起源以及丰收节相关的知识。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：节日是让我们放松和享受生活的美好场合。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用that/which来引导定语从句，故填that/which。
【37题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：世界各地庆祝的节日有着广泛的起源。该句子的谓语动词是have，所给动词celebrate只能用非谓语形式作定语，修饰名词festivals，festivals和动词celebrate是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填celebrated。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：无论是什么，分享喜悦、感恩、爱或和平的精神在所有节日中都是普遍存在的。此处应用名词gratitude作宾语，为不可数名词，故填gratitude。
【39题详解】
考查语态。句意：丰收节几乎可以在每一种文化中找到，这种文化发生在所有庄稼收获之后。the harvest festival和动词find是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态，由情态动词can可知，此处应用be found，故填be found。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在古埃及，人们在春天庆祝这个节日，以游行和盛大的宴会为特色。句中有为was observed，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语the festival和动词feature是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填featuring。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意： 今天，一些欧洲国家的人们聚在一起吃饭庆祝。此处表示“通过吃饭来庆祝”，应用介词over，表示“利用；通过”，故填over。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：习俗在节日中也扮演着重要的角色。play a(n)...role固定搭配，意为“扮演……的角色”，important发音是以元音音素开头，应用an，故填an。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：但是随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会消失，而另一些可能会建立。“随着现代社会的发展”和“新思想的传播”是并列关系，应用连词and，故填and。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：一些人坚决反对，而许多人认为增加开支有利于经济和公众的幸福。形容词opposed应用副词absolutely来修饰，作状语，故填absolutely。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一些人坚决反对，而许多人认为增加开支有利于经济和公众的幸福。此处应用形容词beneficial作表语，be beneficial to固定搭配，意为“对……有好处”，故填beneficial。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华。为丰富校园生活，弘扬中国传统文化，你校将举办中国传统服装展（Traditional Chinese Costume Show）。请你给交换生朋友John写一封邮件，邀请他一起观看。内容包括：
1. 邀请参加；2. 活动时间和地点； 3. 活动内容。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按规定格式作答。
Dear John,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
To enrich campus life and promote traditional Chinese culture, the Traditional Chinese Costume Show is going to be held in my school. Since you have a great interest in traditional Chinese culture, I am writing to invite you to watch it together.
It will be held next Wednesday in the Community Center. The theme of it is “Silk in China”. There will be many interesting things. Some traditional clothes will be shown at the exhibition, which are made of silk. Besides, you can learn about the history and development of Chinese silk. I think you will enjoy it. Will it be convenient for you to see the exhibition? It will be an unforgettable experience for you.
Looking forward to your coming!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生朋友John写一封邮件，邀请他一起观看你校将举办的中国传统服装展，内容包括：1. 邀请参加；2. 活动时间和地点；3. 活动内容。
【详解】1.词汇积累
主题：theme → subject
展示：show → display
此外：besides → furthermore/moreover
难忘的： unforgettable → memorable
2.句式拓展
原句：It will be held next Wednesday in the Community Center. The theme of it is “Silk in China”.
拓展句：It will be held next Wednesday in the Community Center whose theme is “Silk in China”.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Since you have a great interest in traditional Chinese culture, I am writing to invite you to watch it together. (运用了since引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Some traditional clothes will be shown at the exhibition, which are made of silk. (运用了关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On Dec. 20, Mello called his mother on FaceTime, which he does every day after school. That afternoon, Mello broke down in tears the moment his mother, Anita James, answered the phone. “Mello, what happened?” James asked her son on the phone.
“I’m getting tired of them bullying (欺凌) my friend about his shoes. It’s making me so upset,” he answered in a serious voice, explaining that his classmates made fun of his friend Melvin for having worn-out (穿破的) muddy sneakers.
James listened to Mello’s narration with a thoughtful expression. Then, Mello earnestly asked, “Can we go buy him some shoes?”
James told her son they would talk about it when she got home from work. During their in-person conversation a few hours later, James found her son still upset. At last, Mello decided to buy his friend a fresh pair of sneakers to get rid of bullies and remind him that he has people who care about him.
“Can I use my pocket money, or you can take something away that I would get for Christmas?” Mello asked his mother.
The sincere request from her son hit James for many reasons, including that when she was growing up, her older brother used to buy her sneakers when her parents couldn’t afford them. Now, in their adult lives, James buys her brother a pair of sneakers for his birthday every year to show her appreciation. James was so touched by her little boy’s genuine care for his friend and she knew how it would matter to the poor kid, Melvin.
That evening, they went to a sneaker store and bought a pair of black-and-white Nike shoes for Melvin. Mello used savings from his pocket money to pay for the $85 shoes. This way, Mello thought, “nobody could laugh at him or say anything about him anymore.” Mello was so excited to give Melvin the gift that he woke up nearly an hour early for school.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Before class began, Mello handed his friend the orange Nike box in private.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Bryant Brown, the school’s social studies teacher, found the shoe box on Melvin’s desk.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Before class began, Mello handed his friend the orange Nike box in private. When told it was a gift for him, Melvin was totally shocked and immensely touched at such a nice gesture from his friend. Mello beamed with a warm smile on his face, as if he had anticipated Melvin’s reaction, and whispered in his friend’s ear that there would be no more teasing from other kids about his worn-out shoes. After weeks of getting constant smirks about his sneakers, Melvin couldn’t wait to put on his new shoes. Looking at the shiny Nike shoes on Melvin’s feet, Mello was overjoyed.
Bryant Brown, the school’s social studies teacher, spotted the shoe box on Melvin’s desk. He asked Melvin for the backstory. It brought the teacher to tears. After asking for the two boys’ consent, he decided to share the story on Facebook, hoping it might inspire others. The post got thousands of likes, shares and comments. Brown was stunned by the response. He is now planning to launch an anti-bullying campaign in the coming weeks. Hundreds of students, parents and teachers have signed up for the activity with the hope that there’s no place in the world for bullies and Mello’s helping hand always lives on.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Mello在和妈妈James视频通话时告诉妈妈自己的朋友Melvin因为穿了一双又旧又脏的运动鞋而被同学嘲笑，Mello提出想给Melvin买双鞋，这让James很触动，想起了自己的哥哥常常在她父母买不起球鞋的时候给她买球鞋的事情，那天晚上，他们去了一家运动鞋店，Mello用自己的零花钱给Melvin买了一双黑白相间的85美元的耐克鞋，Mello非常兴奋地把礼物送给Melvin，他提前了将近一个小时起床去上学。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“上课前，Mello私下把橙色耐克盒子递给了他的朋友。”可知，第一段可描写Mello把鞋送给Melvin以及Melvin收到礼物后的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“学校的社会研究老师Bryant Brown发现了Melvin桌子上的鞋盒。”可知，第二段可描写老师了解了故事后决定在Facebook上分享这个故事以及这个故事引起的反响。
2.续写线索：Melvin的反应——Melvin穿上鞋——Mello欣喜若狂——老师了解故事——老师决定分享故事——帖子获赞——老师计划发起一场反欺凌运动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①穿上： put on/pull on
②询问：ask/inquire
③发起：launch/initiate
情绪类
①震惊的：shocked/astounded
②感动的：touched/moved
【点睛】[高分句型1] When told it was a gift for him, Melvin was totally shocked and immensely touched at such a nice gesture from his friend. (由when引导的时间状语从句的省略)
[高分句型2] Mello beamed with a warm smile on his face, as if he had anticipated Melvin’s reaction, and whispered in his friend’s ear that there would be no more teasing from other kids about his worn-out shoes.（由that引导的宾语从句）
慈溪市2022学年第二学期高一期末测试卷
英语学科试题卷
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项：
1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man probably do tonight?
A. Go to see a film. B. Dine out with the woman. C. Prepare for his job interview.
2. When will the plane take off?
A. 10:50. B. 9:50. C. 9:30.
3. How will the man probably mail the books?
A. By ordinary mail. B. By air parcel. C. By airmail.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. At the woman’s house. C. In a drug store.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. How Eric got his ankle hurt.
B. Whether Eric will play in a game.
C. Why Eric didn’t quit the game right away.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is probably the man?
A. A secretary. B. A receptionist. C. A shop assistant.
7. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To ask him for help.
B. To make an appointment.
C. To confirm some information.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the man trying to do?
A. Search for a shopping mall.
B. Look for the woman’s house.
C. Ask a passer-by for directions.
9. Where is the man now?
A. Outside a hotel. B. Outside a bank. C. Outside a cafe.
10. What is the man going to do next?
A. Park his car. B. Find a traffic sign. C. Drive along Down Street.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Old friends. B. Workout partners. C. Husband and wife.
12. Where are the speakers most probably?
A. In a bar. B. In a park. C. On a hill.
13. What do the speakers decide to do in the end?
A. Play table tennis. B. Read books at home. C. Visit Johnny and Shelly.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why does the woman feel bad?
A. She is too tired.
B. She is dizzy on an empty stomach.
C. She is worried about a meeting.
15. What does the man suggest the woman do first?
A. Take a rest. B. Have something to eat. C. Go out for some fresh air.
16. Who makes the telephone call?
A. The woman’s brother. B. The woman’s colleague. C. The president’s secretary.
17. What is the telephone call about?
A. An invitation to a dinner.
B. An appointment with a doctor.
C. The cancellation of a meeting.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What was the maximum temperature in southwest England by mid-afternoon?
A. 25℃. B. 14℃. C. 11℃.
19. When will the rain reach north-central England?
A. During the night. B. By mid-afternoon. C. By early morning.
20. How will the weather be in Northern Ireland this weekend?
A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
CULTURAL EVENTS
The Anniversary of the March on Washington
John Lewis, then a key civil rights leader, was the youngest speaker on the program. He criticized the Kennedy Administration for not doing enough to protect civil rights, and cautious March leader demanded he cut the sharpest parts of his speech. And the March helped lead to the passage of the Civil Rights Act and later the Voting Rights Act.
WHEN: Wednesday, September 21-8:15 PM
WHERE: 92nd St. Y-Kaufmann Concert Hall
Rigoletto
Operatic superstar Dmitri Hvorostovsky sings the title role of Verdi’s tragic masterpiece for the first time at the Met in Michael Mayer’s dazzling production set in Las Vegas. Famous soprano (女高音歌手) Aleksandra Kurzak sings the beautiful Gilda, a slave. Production: Michael Mayer; Set Designer: Christine Jones; Costume Designer: Susan Hilferty; Lighting Designer: Kevin Adams; Choreographer: Steven Hoggett.
WHEN: Thursday, November 24-7:30 PM
WHERE: The Metropolitan Opera
WICKED
Declared “The Best Musical of the Decade” by Entertainment Weekly and “A Cultural Phenomenon” by Variety, WICKED is based on the novel by Gregory Maguire, has music and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz (Godspell, Pippin, Enchanted), and a book by Winnie Holzman (My So-Called Life, Thirtysomething, Huge). The production is directed by Toy Award wine Joe Mantello with musical staging by Wayne Cilento.
WHEN: Thursday, October 20-8:00PM
WHERE: Gershwin Theatre, New York, NY
Neighborhood Concert: Sean Jones Quartet
The former lead trumpet player of Wynton Marsalis’Jazz at Lincoln Center Orchestra ones plays the instrument with tremendous expressive power. The critics agree: The All About Jazz website said of his new recording “At times breathtaking. No Need for Words is an album of exceeding beauty.
WHEN: Monday, October 24-7:00 PM
WHERE: Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture
1. What do we know about John Lewis’ speech?
A. It was cancelled before the March.
B. It helped little to improve civil rights.
C. It was not supported by the March leaders.
D. It contained sharp criticism of the government.
2. Which of the following is a character in Verdi’s tragic masterpiece?
A. Gilda. B. Dmitri Hvorostovsky.
C. Michael Mayer. D. Aleksandra Kurzak.
3. Which event would suit one who likes to see a musical based on a novel?
A. Rigoletto.
B. WICKED.
C. Neighborhood Concert: Sean Jones Quartet.
D. The Anniversary of the March on Washington.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四场文化活动的相关情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Anniversary of the March on Washington的“cautious March leader demanded he cut the sharpest parts of his speech (谨慎的游行领袖要求他删减演讲中最尖锐的部分)”可知，约翰·刘易斯的演讲中包含对政府的尖锐批评。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rigoletto的“Famous soprano Aleksandra Kurzak sings the beautiful Gilda, a slave.(著名女高音歌手亚历山大·库尔扎克扮演了美丽的吉尔达，她是一个奴隶。） ”可知，Gilda (吉尔达)是Verdi悲剧杰作中的人物。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据WICKED的“Declared “The Best Musical of the Decade” by Entertainment Weekly and “A Cultural Phenomenon” by Variety, WICKED is based on the novel by Gregory Maguire. (WICKED被《娱乐周刊》评为“十年最佳音乐剧”，被《综艺》称为“一种文化现象”，它根据格雷戈里·马奎尔的小说改编。)”可知，活动WICKED适合喜欢看根据小说改编的音乐剧的人。故选B。
B
Sarah Park has known about the impact of music on the brain since a young age. The 13-year-old, who has been playing the violin since she was 4, says she noticed its positive effect on those around her, especially her grandmother, who suffered from a mental health illness.
Now, the middle school student from Jacksonville, Florida, hopes to use music treatment to help others struggling with mental health. On October 19, 2021, her invention, Spark Care+, earned her the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” at the 3M Young Scientist Challenge, which is an annual national competition that invites students in grades 5-8 to find a unique solution to an everyday problem.
“I was pretty shocked when they announced my name as the grand prize winner,” Park said. “I was excited and thrilled with what’s to come next with Spark Care+.”
Spark Care+ requires participants to respond to a series of questions according to the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale, designed to assess the person’s mental state. The device’s inbuilt sensors record vital mental health indicators (指标), such as the heart rate, blood pressure and so on. Spark Care+’s AI (Artificial Intelligence) component analyzes them and recommends the appropriate music to help lift the participant’s spirits. It also monitors its impact on the listener.
The ninth-grader hopes to turn her model into a wristband with inbuilt sensors, a heart-rate monitor, and Bluetooth. She also wants to build an app which is available to everyone. “I hope to be able to distribute it around the world to people of all ages,” Park says.
In addition to being a inventor. Park is also a musical genius who has won several violin competitions, including the Florida state championship. She also plays the piano and is a math champion. The teen desires to be an innovator and researcher in the medical field using technology and robotics. Her advice to other young scientists? “Dream big, ask questions, and anything is possible.”
4. What does the 3M Young Scientist Challenge aim to do?
A. Turn ordinary students into scientists. B. Meet the challenge of science bravely.
C. Solve the common problems in life. D. Find a cure for a mental health illness.
5. What does the underlined word “them” refer to in paragraph 4?
A. Some mental health indicators. B. The device’s inbuilt sensors.
C Heart rate and blood pressure. D. Anxiety and depression degree.
6. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The app has been available to everyone.
B. Sarah Park is a girl of diverse talent and pursuit.
C. Sarah Park wants to major in technology and robotics.
D. Sarah Park’s grandmother encourages her to invent the Spark Care+.
7. What can we learn from Sarah Park’s story?
A. No pains, no gains. B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Many hands makes the heavy work light. D. Nothing is impossible to an ambitious heart.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Sarah Park的发明“Spark Care+”在3M青年科学家挑战赛上获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，介绍了这一发明的操作过程以及Sarah Park的相关情况。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“On October 19, 2021, her invention, Spark Care+, earned her the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” at the 3M Young Scientist Challenge, which is an annual national competition that invites students in grades 5-8 to find a unique solution to an everyday problem.(2021年10月19日，她的发明“Spark Care+”在3M青年科学家挑战赛上获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，3M青年科学家挑战赛是一年一度的全国性竞赛，邀请5-8年级的学生为日常问题找到独特的解决方案)”可知，3M青年科学家挑战赛的目标是解决生活中常见的问题。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The device’s inbuilt sensors record vital mental health indicators (指标), such as the heart rate, blood pressure and so on.(该设备内置的传感器可以记录重要的心理健康指标，如心率、血压等)”以及“Spark Care+’s AI (Artificial Intelligence) component analyzes”可知，该设备内置的传感器可以记录重要的心理健康指标，然后Spark Care+的AI组件会对心理健康指标进行分析，故them指的是“一些心理健康指标”。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In addition to being an inventor. Park is also a musical genius who has won several violin competitions, including the Florida state championship. She also plays the piano and is a math champion. The teen desires to be an innovator and researcher in the medical field using technology and robotics. Her advice to other young scientists? “Dream big, ask questions, and anything is possible.”(除了是一个发明家。Park还是一位音乐天才，曾多次赢得包括佛罗里达州冠军在内的小提琴比赛。她还弹钢琴，是数学冠军。这名青少年希望成为一名利用技术和机器人技术的医疗领域的创新者和研究者。她对其他年轻科学家的建议是什么？“敢于梦想，勇于提问，一切皆有可能。”)”可推知，Sarah Park是一个有着多种天赋和追求的女孩。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Her advice to other young scientists? “Dream big, ask questions, and anything is possible.”(她对其他年轻科学家的建议是什么？“敢于梦想，勇于提问，一切皆有可能。”)”可推知，Sarah Park的故事告诉我们对于一颗雄心勃勃的心，没有什么是不可能的。故选D。
C
To some, a cow’s burp (打嗝) might seem like a small thing. But in New Zealand, there are more cows than people. There are only five million people in New Zealand, which is home to 10 million cows.
Cows do not easily digest the grass they eat-instead, they ferment (发酵) it in their stomachs. The process releases a lot of gas. So, every time someone eats beef or drinks milk, the process comes at a high cost to the environment. The cows produce methane (甲烷) gas, which has a much stronger effect on global warming.
The scientists in New Zealand are working on ways to reduce the amount of gas that comes out of the cows. They are considering changing the food the animals eat or putting a device on the cow to change the methane into something innocuous. There is also talk of feeding the cows a kind of special red seaweed or giving them a food addition that would help them digest the grass.
In addition, farmers want a solution. That is because New Zealand has announced plans to tax farmers whose animals produce too much methane gas. The farmers say they will be affected if the tax plan go into effect.
A farmer running a farm in the town of Featherston, in the Wellington Region, is trying to get more milk from each cow. The increased efficiency means he does not need as many cows, which in turn reduces the amount of methane coming from his farm. At a farmer level, he is doing his bit to help save the planet.
The fight against methane is serious in New Zealand. The county promised to reduce the gas produced by farm animals by up to 47 percent by the year 2050.
8. Why does cows’ burping become a problem in New Zealand?
A. New Zealanders prefer milk. B. The number of the cows is too large.
C. The cows consume much grass. D. The cows have the digestive problem.
9. What does the underlined word “innocuous” mean in paragraph3?
A. Rare. B. Poisonous. C. Harmless. D. Inexpensive.
10. Why do cow farmers want a solution?
A. They will raise fewer cows. B. They are affected by the warm climate.
C. They can’t increase milking efficiency. D. They will face a heavier financial burden.
11. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Climate Change: Cow Raising Is to Blame
B. Methane Gas: The Fight Against It Is Serious
C. Global Warming: New Zealand Targets Cow Burps
D. Cow Burping: Scientists Look for Some Ways to Stop It
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述的是，因为奶牛打嗝产生的气体对全球变暖有很大影响，新西兰在寻找方法减少奶牛打嗝产生的气体。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“ To some, a cow’s burp might seem like a small thing. But in New Zealand, there are more cows than people. There are only five million people in New Zealand, which is home to 10 million cows. (对一些人来说，牛打嗝似乎是一件小事。但在新西兰，奶牛比人多。新西兰只有500万人口，那里有1000万头牛。)”和第二段的“The cows produce methane gas, which has a much stronger effect on global warming. (奶牛会产生甲烷气体，这对全球变暖的影响要大得多。)”可知，奶牛打嗝会成为新西兰的一个问题是因为奶牛的数量太多了，会排放出大量的导致全球变暖的甲烷气体。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“The cows produce methane gas, which has a much stronger effect on global warming.(奶牛会产生甲烷气体，这对全球变暖的影响要大得多。) ”和第三段的“putting a device on the cow to change the methane into something (在奶牛身上安装一个装置，将甲烷转化为innocuous的东西。)”可知，该装置可以把甲烷变成安全无害的东西，以减少对全球变暖的影响，则划线词意为“无害的”。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“That is because New Zealand has announced plans to tax farmers whose animals produce too much methane gas. The farmers say they will be affected if the tax plan go into effect. (这是因为新西兰宣布计划对动物产生过多甲烷气体的农民征税。农民们表示，如果税收计划生效，他们将受到影响。)”可知，奶牛养殖户想要一个解决方案的原因是他们将面临更沉重的财政负担。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段的“The cows produce methane gas, which has a much stronger effect on global warming.(奶牛会产生甲烷气体，这对全球变暖的影响要大得多。) 和最后一段的“The fight against methane is serious in New Zealand. The county promised to reduce the gas produced by farm animals by up to 47 percent by the year 2050. (在新西兰，与甲烷的斗争是严肃的。该国承诺到2050年将农场动物产生的甲烷气体减少47%。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是，因为奶牛打嗝产生的气体对全球变暖有很大影响，新西兰在寻找方法减少奶牛打嗝产生的气体，因此C项（全球变暖：新西兰着手解决奶牛打嗝）概括文章内容最全面，最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
D
Anyone who uses the ChatGPT website can ask the chatbot questions on any topic and get a speedy, detailed response in paragraph form. It has been highly welcomed and favored by people since its release (发行) in November, 2022.
However, the company OpenAI is honest about some of the technology’s shortcomings. According to its website, the chatbot occasionally “generates incorrect information” and “produces harmful instructions or prejudiced content”. It lists a third question: having “limited knowledge of the world and events after 2021”.
The New York City Department of Education banned the use of ChatGPT this month on devices and networks owned by schools across the state. The department mentioned concerns from local school teachers about student success. Oakland Unified School District in California and Seattle Public Schools have moved against ChatGPT, because it creates human-like responses that can be difficult to detect. Other large school systems including Miami-Dade County and Houston haven’t banned ChatGPT so far. Universities including Princeton are refusing to ban the chatbot; instead, they are advising professors to set their own rules.
Blocking (堵塞) a particular platform may be far less effective than schools think. “If students are not using it in their classes, they can use it at home or on their personal devices,” said Adam Phyall, “an education technology expert. Are we going to have a conversation about how we’re going to unblock it? Or is it going to be: If we’re scared, let’s give it up and move onto the next thing? Instead, schools could use ChatGPT to teach kids how to improve their writing, for instance,” he said.
An OpenAI spokesperson said the company wants to help schools with their concerns and that users should reasonably use their Al-generated text. The company is working on a system for teachers to check whether students have used ChatGPT to cheat.
12. Which is NOT the disadvantage of the ChatGPT?
A. It may have wrong information.
B. It can’t detect the human-like responses.
C. It may give improper directions and contents.
D. It doesn’t know all the knowledge and event after 2021.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Different reactions to ChatGPT. B. The background of ChatGPT.
C. Difficulties to ChatGPT’s improvement. D. The use of ChatGPT in school.
14. What is Adam Phall’s attitude to banning ChatGPT in school?
A. Favourable. B. Unclear. C. Disapproving. D. Cautious.
15. What will the company OpenAI probably do next?
A. Train teachers to use ChatGPT. B. Introduce ChatGPT into more school.
C. Perfect the technology of ChatGPT. D. Help educators recognize ChatGPT text.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章列举了ChatGPT的优缺点以及人们对ChatGPT的不同评价。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“According to its website, the chatbot occasionally “generates incorrect information” and “produces harmful instructions or prejudiced content”. It lists a third question: having “limited knowledge of the world and events after 2021”. (根据其网站，聊天机器人偶尔会“产生不正确的信息”和“产生有害的指令或偏见的内容”。它列出了第三个问题：“对2021年后的世界和事件了解有限”。)”可知，文中关于ChatGPT的缺点中并没有提到它无法检测到类似人类的反应。故选B。
【13题详解】
段落大意题。根据第三段的“The New York City Department of Education banned the use of ChatGPT this month on devices and networks owned by schools across the state. The department mentioned concerns from local school teachers about student success. Oakland Unified School District in California and Seattle Public Schools have moved against ChatGPT, because it creates human-like responses that can be difficult to detect. Other large school systems including Miami-Dade County and Houston haven’t banned ChatGPT so far. Universities including Princeton are refusing to ban the chatbot; instead, they are advising professors to set their own rules. (纽约市教育部门本月禁止在全州学校拥有的设备和网络上使用ChatGPT。该部门提到了当地学校教师对学生成功的担忧。加州奥克兰联合学区和西雅图公立学校已经开始反对ChatGPT，因为它会产生类似人类的反应，很难被发现。到目前为止，包括迈阿密戴德县和休斯顿在内的其他大型学校系统还没有禁止ChatGPT。包括普林斯顿大学在内的大学拒绝禁止聊天机器人；相反，他们建议教授们制定自己的规则。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是对ChatGPT的评价是褒贬不一的。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““If students are not using it in their classes, they can use it at home or on their personal devices,” said Adam Phyall, “an education technology expert. Are we going to have a conversation about how we’re going to unblock it? Or is it going to be: If we’re scared, let’s give it up and move onto the next thing? Instead, schools could use ChatGPT to teach kids how to improve their writing, for instance,” he said. (教育技术专家Adam Phyall说：“如果学生在课堂上不使用它，他们可以在家里或个人设备上使用”。他说，“我们会就如何解锁它进行对话吗？或者如果我们害怕，让我们放弃它，转而做下一件事？相反，学校可以使用ChatGPT来教孩子们如何提高写作水平”。)”可知，Adam Phyall对禁止在学校使用ChatGPT持不赞成态度。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“An OpenAI spokesperson said the company wants to help schools with their concerns and that users should reasonably use their Al-generated text. The company is working on a system for teachers to check whether students have used ChatGPT to cheat. (OpenAI的一位发言人表示，该公司希望帮助学校解决他们的担忧，用户应该合理使用Al生成的文本。该公司正在开发一个系统，供教师检查学生是否使用ChatGPT作弊。)”可知，OpenAI下一步可能会帮助教育工作者识别ChatGPT文章。故选D。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Zibo city in Shandong province has unexpectedly gone viral (流行) on Chinese social media since late February for its local barbecue specialty, and continues to trend as the local government takes the chance to promote tourism and spending.
The latest promotion gives visitors free admission to 10 scenic spots in the city with their train ticket as long as their final destination is Zibo, according to the city’s culture and tourism bureau. This move follows another on March 31. _____16_____ Passengers who board the train are greeted by a banner (横幅) reading “Welcome to the Special BBQ Train” at the entrance of the carriage. They receive items including leaflets about Zibo’s culture and tourism draws, as well as small souvenirs and snacks. _____17_____
Barbecue is popular in China, but Zibo’s barbecue is different on three aspects. _____18_____ Besides, the skewers (烤肉串) are 70-80 percent cooked before they are brought to the table, where diners can finish cooking them on their own stoves, which lends a sense of participation. Then, diners are served flatbread, scallions and other dressings (调料) at the table so they are able to assemble (组装) their own barbecue parcels. _____19_____ These factors make the barbecue appealing and distinctive.
_____20_____ They shot videos of themselves enjoying a meal and posted them on social media in late February. Since then, many people, mostly young, have flocked to the city from all over the country to try the dish. According to local media reports on Wednesday, searches for “barbecue” increased by 370 percent in March, and searches for “Zibo barbecue” on the Internet platform as a whole have increased by 770 percent year-on-year.
A. To large extent, it is the same way Peking duck is eaten.
B. On several streets, lines can be seen outside barbecue restaurants.
C. First, it’s made on a stove, and is served with flatbread and dressings.
D. The barbecue suddenly became a hit because of a group of college students.
E. Many also took videos and posted them on social media, drawing more passengers and visitors.
F. The local government needs to think about how to promote the city as a whole, its culture and tourism.
G. The local government added a weekend special round-trip “barbecue tour” train between Jinan and Zibo.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了淄博烧烤在中国社交媒体上意外走红，当地政府抓住机会促进旅游业和消费。
【16题详解】
根据空前“This move follows another on March 31. (这是继3月31日的一次行动之后的又一次行动)”可知，下面要介绍另一个促进淄博市烧烤的措施。结合空后“Passengers who board the train are greeted by a banner (横幅) reading ‘Welcome to the Special BBQ Train’ at the entrance of the carriage.(登上这列火车的乘客会在车厢入口处看到一条横幅，上面写着“欢迎乘坐特别烧烤列车”)”可知，空处介绍“烧烤之旅”专列。G项“The local government added a weekend special round-trip “barbecue tour” train between Jinan and Zibo.(当地政府在济南和淄博之间增加了周末往返“烧烤之旅”专列)”符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据空前“They receive items including leaflets about Zibo’s culture and tourism draws, as well as small souvenirs and snacks.(他们收到的物品包括有关淄博文化和旅游景点的传单，以及小纪念品和小吃)”推知，这些人除了收到纪念品外，还做了什么事情。E项“Many also took videos and posted them on social media, drawing more passengers and visitors.(许多人还拍摄了视频并发布在社交媒体上，吸引了更多的乘客和游客)”符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据空前“Barbecue is popular in China, but Zibo’s barbecue is different on three aspects. (烧烤在中国很受欢迎，但淄博的烧烤在三个方面不同)”可知，下面要从三方面介绍淄博烧烤的不同。以及空后“Besides, the skewers (烤肉串) are 70-80 percent cooked before they are brought to the table, where diners can finish cooking them on their own stoves, which lends a sense of participation. (此外，烤串在上桌之前已经煮了70- 80%，食客可以在自己的炉子上完成烤串，这给人一种参与感)”可知，前面先从第一点说起，C项“First, it’s made on a stove, and is served with flatbread and dressings.(首先，它是在炉子上做的，配上面饼和调料)”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Then, diners are served flatbread, scallions and other dressings (调料) at the table so they are able to assemble (组装) their own barbecue parcels. (然后，用餐者在餐桌上端上面饼、葱花和其他调料，这样他们就可以自己组装烧烤包了)”可知，淄博烧烤与北京烤鸭吃法相似。A项“To large extent, it is the same way Peking duck is eaten.(在很大程度上，这与北京烤鸭的吃法相同)”符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据空后“They shot videos of themselves enjoying a meal and posted them on social media in late February. (2月底，他们拍摄了自己享受美食的视频，并将其上传到社交媒体上)”可知，这里的they指代前面让淄博烧烤火起来的一群人。D项“The barbecue suddenly became a hit because of a group of college students.(因为一群大学生，烧烤突然火了起来)”符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
British brothers James and Thomas Lindesay have pent months traveling across the Great Wall of China on foot. They ____21____ 3,263 kilometres, a remarkable achievement at any time.
Their ____22____ to complete this adventure came from their father, William Lindesay, who ____23____ along the Wall decades ago and attracted a great deal of media attention. Born in 1956 in Liverpool, William became ____24____ about the Wall later in his life. In 1987, he made the ____25____ in China by hiking the Wall. He has committed over 30 years to the protection of the structure and has ____26____ 10 books on the Wall based ____27____ his knowledge and experiences.
His action and books influenced his two sons, who now share his ____28____ in the Wall. In 2016, the Lindesay brothers flew drones (无人机) at many sections along the Wall and edited video works on the ____29____ of the Wall, hoping to keep it safe from damage. Not ____30____ with merely documenting parts of the Wall, the young brothers ____31____ wanted to find a new way to experience the structure and finally they ____32____ hiking its length, following in their father’s footsteps.
The brothers’ trip was ____33____ than they had imagined. They met many difficulties. But ____34____ the great wonder was life-changing, which gave them a better ____35____ of the structure and the history behind it.
21. A. challenged B. covered C. measured D. escaped
22. A. ability B. desire C. duty D. announcement
23. A. journeyed B. jogged C. continued D. constructed
24. A. anxious B. particular C. serious D. enthusiastic
25. A. headlines B. changes C. connection D. difference
26 A. bought B. recommended C. reviewed D. authored
27. A. in B. on C. at D. to
28. A. pride B. success C. interest D. faith
29. A. preservation B. illustration C. foundation D. origin
30. A. familiar B. satisfied C. careful D. busy
31. A. gradually B. occasionally C. desperately D. blindly
32. A. dreamed of B. carried on C. learned of D. decided on
33. A. tougher B. funner C. greater D. shorter
34. A. evaluating B. repairing C. exploring D. monitoring
35. A. memory B. assessment C. impression D. understanding
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要说明了英国兄弟詹姆斯·林赛和托马斯·林赛花了几个月的时间徒步穿越中国的长城。他们走了3263公里，这在任何时候都是了不起的成就。这也起因于他们父亲的影响。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们走了3263公里，这在任何时候都是了不起的成就。A. challenged挑战；B. covered走过，覆盖；C. measured测量；D. escaped逃走。根据后文“3,263 kilometres”表示走了多远的距离，应用动词cover。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们完成这次冒险的愿望来自于他们的父亲威廉·林赛，他几十年前曾沿着长城旅行，并引起了媒体的广泛关注。A. ability能力；B. desire渴望，愿望；C. duty义务；D. announcement宣布。根据后文“to complete this adventure”指完成冒险的愿望。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们完成这次冒险的愿望来自于他们的父亲威廉·林赛，他几十年前曾沿着长城旅行，并引起了媒体的广泛关注。A. journeyed旅行；B. jogged慢跑；C. continued继续；D. constructed建造。根据后文“ by hiking the Wall.”可知，他们的父亲威廉·林赛曾沿着长城旅行。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1956年出生于利物浦的威廉在晚年对长城产生了浓厚的兴趣。A. anxious焦虑的；B. particular特定的；C. serious严肃的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据后文“In 1987, he made the 5 in China by hiking the Wall. He has committed over 30 years to the protection of the structure and has 6 10 books on the Wall based 7 his knowledge and experiences.”可知，威廉在晚年对长城产生了浓厚的兴趣。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1987年，他因攀登长城而登上了中国头条新闻。A. headlines头条；B. changes改变；C. connection联系；D. difference差异。根据上文“attracted a great deal of media attention.”可知，他登长城的事迹上了中国新闻的头条。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他致力于保护长城30多年，并根据他的知识和经验撰写了10本关于长城的书。A. bought购买；B. recommended推荐；C. reviewed复习；D. authored撰写。根据后文“His action and books influenced his two sons”可知，指他根据他的知识和经验撰写了10本关于长城的书。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：他致力于保护长城30多年，并根据他的知识和经验撰写了10本关于长城的书。A. in在里面；B. on在上面；C. at在；D. to朝着。根据上文based表示“根据”可知短语为be based on。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的行为和书籍影响了他的两个儿子，他们现在和他一样对长城感兴趣。A. pride骄傲；B. success成功；C. interest兴趣；D. faith信念。根据上文“Born in 1956 in Liverpool, William became 4 about the Wall later in his life. ”和“His action and books influenced his two sons”可知，他的行为和书籍影响了他的两个儿子，他们现在和他一样对长城感兴趣。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年，林赛兄弟在长城的许多路段放飞无人机，并编辑了有关长城保护的视频作品，希望保护长城免受破坏。A. preservation保护；B. illustration说明；C. foundation基础；D. origin起源。根据后文“hoping to keep it safe from damage”可知，他们编辑了有关长城保护的视频作品，希望保护长城免受破坏。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。A. familiar熟悉的；B. satisfied满意的；C. careful仔细的；D. busy忙碌的。根据后文“wanted to find a new way to experience the structure”可知，这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。A. gradually逐渐地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. desperately非常，迫切地；D. blindly盲目地。根据后文“wanted to find a new way to experience the structure”并结合后文他们徒步长城可知，两兄弟迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。A. dreamed of梦想；B. carried on继续；C. learned of了解；D. decided on决定。根据后文“hiking its length, following in their father’s footsteps”可知，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对兄弟的旅途比他们想象的要艰难。A. tougher更难的；B. funnier更有趣的；C. greater更伟大的；D. shorter更短的。根据后文“They met many difficulties.(他们遇到了很多困难)”可知，旅途很艰难。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但探索这个伟大的奇迹改变了他们的生活，这让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。A. evaluating评估；B. repairing修理；C. exploring探索；D. monitoring监督。呼应上文“hiking its length, following in their father’s footsteps”指他们探索长城，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但探索这个伟大的奇迹改变了他们的生活，这让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。A. memory记忆；B. assessment估计；C. impression印象；D. understanding理解。根据后文“of the structure and the history behind it.”可知，实地探索长城让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Festivals are wonderful occasions _____36_____ allow us to relax and enjoy life. Festivals_____37_____ (celebrate) all round the world have a wide range of origins. No matter what they are, the spirit of sharing joy, _____38_____ (grateful), love, or peace is common in all festivals.
The harvest festival can _____39_____ (find) in almost every culture, which takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. In ancient Egypt, the festival was observed during the springtime, _____40_____ (feature) a parade and a great feast. Today, people in some European countries get together to celebrate ____41____ a meal.
Customs also play ____42____ important role in festivals. But with the development of modern society _____43_____ the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away while others may be established. What’s more the commercialization of festivals arouses people’s heated discussion. Some people are ____44____ (absolute) opposed to it while many believe the increase in spending is _____45_____ (benefit) to the economy and public happiness.
【答案】36. that##which
37. are celebrated
38. gratitude
39. be found
40. featuring
41. over 42. an
43. and 44. absolutely
45. beneficial
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。节日是让我们放松和享受生活的美好场合。世界各地庆祝的节日有着广泛的起源。文章主要介绍了节日的起源以及丰收节相关的知识。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：节日是让我们放松和享受生活的美好场合。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用that/which来引导定语从句，故填that/which。
【37题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：世界各地庆祝的节日有着广泛的起源。该句子的谓语动词是have，所给动词celebrate只能用非谓语形式作定语，修饰名词festivals，festivals和动词celebrate是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填celebrated。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：无论是什么，分享喜悦、感恩、爱或和平的精神在所有节日中都是普遍存在的。此处应用名词gratitude作宾语，为不可数名词，故填gratitude。
【39题详解】
考查语态。句意：丰收节几乎可以在每一种文化中找到，这种文化发生在所有庄稼收获之后。the harvest festival和动词find是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态，由情态动词can可知，此处应用be found，故填be found。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在古埃及，人们在春天庆祝这个节日，以游行和盛大的宴会为特色。句中有为was observed，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语the festival和动词feature是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填featuring。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意： 今天，一些欧洲国家的人们聚在一起吃饭庆祝。此处表示“通过吃饭来庆祝”，应用介词over，表示“利用；通过”，故填over。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：习俗在节日中也扮演着重要的角色。play a(n)...role固定搭配，意为“扮演……的角色”，important发音是以元音音素开头，应用an，故填an。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：但是随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会消失，而另一些可能会建立。“随着现代社会的发展”和“新思想的传播”是并列关系，应用连词and，故填and。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：一些人坚决反对，而许多人认为增加开支有利于经济和公众的幸福。形容词opposed应用副词absolutely来修饰，作状语，故填absolutely。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一些人坚决反对，而许多人认为增加开支有利于经济和公众的幸福。此处应用形容词beneficial作表语，be beneficial to固定搭配，意为“对……有好处”，故填beneficial。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华。为丰富校园生活，弘扬中国传统文化，你校将举办中国传统服装展（Traditional Chinese Costume Show）。请你给交换生朋友John写一封邮件，邀请他一起观看。内容包括：
1. 邀请参加；2. 活动时间和地点； 3. 活动内容。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按规定格式作答。
Dear John,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
To enrich campus life and promote traditional Chinese culture, the Traditional Chinese Costume Show is going to be held in my school. Since you have a great interest in traditional Chinese culture, I am writing to invite you to watch it together.
It will be held next Wednesday in the Community Center. The theme of it is “Silk in China”. There will be many interesting things. Some traditional clothes will be shown at the exhibition, which are made of silk. Besides, you can learn about the history and development of Chinese silk. I think you will enjoy it. Will it be convenient for you to see the exhibition? It will be an unforgettable experience for you.
Looking forward to your coming!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生朋友John写一封邮件，邀请他一起观看你校将举办的中国传统服装展，内容包括：1. 邀请参加；2. 活动时间和地点；3. 活动内容。
【详解】1.词汇积累
主题：theme → subject
展示：show → display
此外：besides → furthermore/moreover
难忘的： unforgettable → memorable
2.句式拓展
原句：It will be held next Wednesday in the Community Center. The theme of it is “Silk in China”.
拓展句：It will be held next Wednesday in the Community Center whose theme is “Silk in China”.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Since you have a great interest in traditional Chinese culture, I am writing to invite you to watch it together. (运用了since引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Some traditional clothes will be shown at the exhibition, which are made of silk. (运用了关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On Dec. 20, Mello called his mother on FaceTime, which he does every day after school. That afternoon, Mello broke down in tears the moment his mother, Anita James, answered the phone. “Mello, what happened?” James asked her son on the phone.
“I’m getting tired of them bullying (欺凌) my friend about his shoes. It’s making me so upset,” he answered in a serious voice, explaining that his classmates made fun of his friend Melvin for having worn-out (穿破的) muddy sneakers.
James listened to Mello’s narration with a thoughtful expression. Then, Mello earnestly asked, “Can we go buy him some shoes?”
James told her son they would talk about it when she got home from work. During their in-person conversation a few hours later, James found her son still upset. At last, Mello decided to buy his friend a fresh pair of sneakers to get rid of bullies and remind him that he has people who care about him.
“Can I use my pocket money, or you can take something away that I would get for Christmas?” Mello asked his mother.
The sincere request from her son hit James for many reasons, including that when she was growing up, her older brother used to buy her sneakers when her parents couldn’t afford them. Now, in their adult lives, James buys her brother a pair of sneakers for his birthday every year to show her appreciation. James was so touched by her little boy’s genuine care for his friend and she knew how it would matter to the poor kid, Melvin.
That evening, they went to a sneaker store and bought a pair of black-and-white Nike shoes for Melvin. Mello used savings from his pocket money to pay for the $85 shoes. This way, Mello thought, “nobody could laugh at him or say anything about him anymore.” Mello was so excited to give Melvin the gift that he woke up nearly an hour early for school.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Before class began, Mello handed his friend the orange Nike box in private.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Bryant Brown, the school’s social studies teacher, found the shoe box on Melvin’s desk.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Before class began, Mello handed his friend the orange Nike box in private. When told it was a gift for him, Melvin was totally shocked and immensely touched at such a nice gesture from his friend. Mello beamed with a warm smile on his face, as if he had anticipated Melvin’s reaction, and whispered in his friend’s ear that there would be no more teasing from other kids about his worn-out shoes. After weeks of getting constant smirks about his sneakers, Melvin couldn’t wait to put on his new shoes. Looking at the shiny Nike shoes on Melvin’s feet, Mello was overjoyed.
Bryant Brown, the school’s social studies teacher, spotted the shoe box on Melvin’s desk. He asked Melvin for the backstory. It brought the teacher to tears. After asking for the two boys’ consent, he decided to share the story on Facebook, hoping it might inspire others. The post got thousands of likes, shares and comments. Brown was stunned by the response. He is now planning to launch an anti-bullying campaign in the coming weeks. Hundreds of students, parents and teachers have signed up for the activity with the hope that there’s no place in the world for bullies and Mello’s helping hand always lives on.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Mello在和妈妈James视频通话时告诉妈妈自己的朋友Melvin因为穿了一双又旧又脏的运动鞋而被同学嘲笑，Mello提出想给Melvin买双鞋，这让James很触动，想起了自己的哥哥常常在她父母买不起球鞋的时候给她买球鞋的事情，那天晚上，他们去了一家运动鞋店，Mello用自己的零花钱给Melvin买了一双黑白相间的85美元的耐克鞋，Mello非常兴奋地把礼物送给Melvin，他提前了将近一个小时起床去上学。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“上课前，Mello私下把橙色耐克盒子递给了他的朋友。”可知，第一段可描写Mello把鞋送给Melvin以及Melvin收到礼物后的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“学校的社会研究老师Bryant Brown发现了Melvin桌子上的鞋盒。”可知，第二段可描写老师了解了故事后决定在Facebook上分享这个故事以及这个故事引起的反响。
2.续写线索：Melvin的反应——Melvin穿上鞋——Mello欣喜若狂——老师了解故事——老师决定分享故事——帖子获赞——老师计划发起一场反欺凌运动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①穿上： put on/pull on
②询问：ask/inquire
③发起：launch/initiate
情绪类
①震惊的：shocked/astounded
②感动的：touched/moved
【点睛】[高分句型1] When told it was a gift for him, Melvin was totally shocked and immensely touched at such a nice gesture from his friend. (由when引导的时间状语从句的省略)
[高分句型2] Mello beamed with a warm smile on his face, as if he had anticipated Melvin’s reaction, and whispered in his friend’s ear that there would be no more teasing from other kids about his worn-out shoes.（由that引导的宾语从句）
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