浙江省舟山中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期5月月考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份浙江省舟山中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期5月月考试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了 5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高一年级英语月考试题
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers probably doing?
A. Parking the car. B. Moving some furniture. C. Watching TV on the sofa.
2. Where are the speakers?
A. At a restaurant. B. At a theater. C. At a store.
3. How much does the television set cost today?
A. $100. B. $150. C. $200.
4. Why are the man’s eyes red?
A. He is sick.
B. He didn’t get much sleep.
C. He has terrible eye problems.
5. When did the woman expect the package to arrive?
A. Yesterday. B. Today. C. Tomorrow.
第二节：(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why isn’t the girl allowed to go out?
A. She didn’t do her schoolwork.
B. She didn’t do her housework.
C. She argued with her parents.
7. How did the girl feel about her punishment?
A. She thought it was fair. B. She was surprised by it. C. She felt angry about it.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How do the speakers know Greg Parsons?
A. He used to be their teacher.
B. He used to be a famous athlete.
C. He used to own a business in town.
9. What was the woman doing when she saw Brian Sheldon the other day?
A. Waiting in line. B. Drinking coffee. C. Watching TV.
10. Where will the speakers go next?
A. A grocery store. B. A restaurant. C. A stadium.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Friends. C. Aunt and nephew.
12. Why did the woman visit the man’s house?
A To have a glass of wine.
B. To pick him up before dinner.
C. To congratulate him on his new home.
13. Why can’t Marcia show up tonight?
A. She isn’t feeling well.
B. She needs to finish a report.
C. She has a meeting with her boss.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. When did the man get the tickets?
A. On Monday. B. On Friday. C. On Sunday.
15. How does the woman feel when the games are close?
A. Excited. B. Sad. C. Pressured.
16. Which team are the speakers cheering for?
A. Spain. B. Russia. C. Switzerland.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What TV channel is Jimmy Kimmel Live on?
A. NBC. B. TBS. C. ABC.
18. When did Jimmy Kimmel become especially famous?
A. After he hosted the Oscars.
B. After Donald Trump became president.
C. When he cried at his show for the first time.
19. On talk shows, what usually comes right after the opening speech?
A. An interview.
B. A musical performance.
C. A comedy performance.
20. What did Jimmy Kimmel do before hosting Jimmy Kimmel Live?
A. He taught in a drama school.
B. He worked at a radio station.
C. He went to school in Los Angeles.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Travelers are always looking for inspiration to guide their trips. Coming up with a list of places to visit can be challenging when you’re staring at a globe. What are the top tourist attractions in the world? Here comes our list.
.The Acropolis, Athens
Follow in the footsteps of ancients as you walk up the same steps that have been walked on since 438 BC. Views out over the city are incredible as you walk between the well-restored old buildings. Near the end of the day, you’ll want to stay and watch the sunset from the stairs near the entrance. This is a ritual (仪式) in Athens.
. The Taj Mahal, India
India is-filled with incredible cities and fabulous places to visit, but the 17th-century
Taj Mahal is the one place that says you’ve been to India. This mausoleum (陵墓)，commissioned by the Shah Jahan for his wife, is known internationally as a symbol of love. This fantastic structure, made with precious stones, has to be visited to be fully appreciated.
. Petra, Jordan
You may have an Indiana Jones feeling as you walk through a 1.2-kilometer-long narrow crack in the sandstone hills and emerge, into a hidden city. First built over 2,000 years ago and lost to the outside world for 600 years, the city was only discovered in 1812. Impressive buildings are carved directly into the red rock walls and are wonderfully preserved, just begging to be explored and photographed.
.Grand Canyon, USA
The greatest natural attraction in the United States, the Grand Canyon is a key sight for all travelers planning their lifetime of adventures. Standing on the edge of the Grand Canyon, looking out over the carved landscape, will awaken your senses. Several hikes in the canyon and along the edge offer unique perspectives. For even more adventure plan a rafting trip down the Colorado River through the canyon.
1. What do the Acropolis and Petra have in common?
A. Fantastic sunset.
B. Red rock walls.
C. Exciting rafting trip.
D. Ancient buildings.
2. Which place best suits people who want an adventurous trip?
A. Petra, Jordan.
B. Grand Canyon, USA.
C. The Taj Mahal, India.
D. The Acropolis, Athens.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A research paper.
B. A science fiction.
C. A travel brochure.
D. A geography textbook.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个世界著名的旅游景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Acropolis, Athens 部分“Follow in the footsteps of ancients as you walk up the same steps that have been walked on since 438 BC.”（当你走上自公元前438年以来走过的台阶时，跟随古人的脚步。）以及Petra, Jordan部分“First built over 2,000 years ago and lost to the outside world for 600 years, the city was only discovered in 1812.”（这座城市最早建于2000多年前，600年来一直为外界所知，直到1812年才被发现。）可知the Acropolis和Petra共同之处在于都有古建筑。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The greatest natural attraction in the United States, the Grand Canyon is a key sight for all travelers planning their lifetime of adventures.”（大峡谷是美国最大的自然景点，是所有计划一生冒险的旅行者的主要景点。）可知美国大峡谷最适合想要冒险旅行的人。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文大意，文章主要介绍了四个世界著名的旅游景点，可知文章与旅游有关，文章最有可能出一本自旅游手册。故选C项。
B
Recently I bought a book about signposts. Signposts aren’t very interesting, you’re thinking. Well, that, of course, depends on whether you happen to be lost! Ancient travelers would have been grateful for these when settlements were smaller and further apart. In winter, the ability to reach shelter for the night could be the difference between life and death.
One of the very earliest waymarks discovered is in Cumbria. Dating from Roman times, it had lain fallen until 1836, when a farmer ploughing his fields came across a sandstone shaft (碑文). There are other stone posts that have stood by roadsides for centuries. It wasn’t until 1697 that an act was passed declaring that guide-stones must be built.
This applied to remote parts of the country where there might be confusion as to which path led to the nearest market town. Later, with the appearance of the Royal Mail, the number rose still further. Nowadays many of these early road signs are designated (指定) as Listed Monuments.
“How times change!” Lucy, an enthusiastic walker, to whom I loaned the book, exclaimed.
“I suppose now we all rely far more upon mobile phones to guide us.”
“Yet they aren’t perfect. Whenever I go out, I prefer a map. I never have to worry about running out of battery.” “I’m always grateful to whoever is placing way-markers along the route,” she added, “I suppose that however sure we are, a little outside confirmation is always welcome.”
Lucy is quite right there. Life itself can offer us a great many choices of path, and sometimes it isn’t easy to know if we’ve chosen the best one.
Perhaps when it comes to gratitude, we should also include thanks for those people who appear in our lives when we most need them — either giving us gentle warning that we might be heading in the wrong direction, or reassurance that we are on the right track. After all, we’d be lost without them!
4. What does the underlined word “these ” in the first paragraph refer to?
A. Signposts. B. Abilities. C. Settlements. D. Shelters.
5. What contributed to the initial spread of signposts?
A. The market trade. B. The act passed in 1697.
C. The discovery of the sandstone. D. The appearance of the Loyal Mail.
6. What does Lucy think of signposts?
A. Popular. B. Outdated. C. Imperfect. D. Helpful.
7. What does the author learn from signposts?
A. To choose right tracks. B. To live a colorful life.
C. To have a grateful mind. D. To offer practical choices.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者最近买了一本关于路标的书，以及从书中掌握了解到关于路标的知识。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Recently I bought a book about signposts. Signposts aren’t very interesting, you’re thinking. Well, that, of course, depends on whether you happen to be lost!(最近我买了一本关于路标的书。你在想，路标没什么意思。嗯，那当然要看你是不是碰巧迷路了！)”及划线词所在句“Ancient travelers would have been grateful for these when settlements were smaller and further apart.(当定居点更小、距离更远的时候，古代旅行者会很感激这些)”可知，划线单词these指的就是上文中提到的路标。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“One of the very earliest waymarks discovered is in Cumbria. Dating from Roman times, it had lain fallen until 1836, when a farmer ploughing his fields came across a sandstone shaft (碑文). There are other stone posts that have stood by roadsides for centuries. It wasn’t until 1697 that an act was passed declaring that guide-stones must be built.(最早发现的路标之一是在坎布里亚郡。它始建于罗马时代，直到1836年，一个农民在耕地时偶然发现了一个砂岩井。还有一些石柱已经矗立在路边几个世纪了。直到1697年才通过一项法案，宣布必须建造路标)”可知，1697年通过的法案促成了路标最初的传播。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段““Yet they aren’t perfect. Whenever I go out, I prefer a map. I never have to worry about running out of battery.” “I’m always grateful to whoever is placing way-markers along the route,” she added, “I suppose that however sure we are, a little outside confirmation is always welcome.” (“然而，它们并不完美。无论我什么时候出去，我都喜欢带着地图。我从来不用担心没电了。“无论谁在沿途设置路标，我都很感激，”她补充说，“我想，无论我们多么确定，一点外界的确认总是受欢迎的。”)”可推知，露西对路标的看法是认为它是有帮助的。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Perhaps when it comes to gratitude, we should also include thanks for those people who appear in our lives when we most need them — either giving us gentle warning that we might be heading in the wrong direction, or reassurance that we are on the right track.(也许说到感恩，我们也应该感谢那些在我们最需要他们的时候出现在我们生活中的人——他们要么温和地警告我们可能走错了方向，要么安慰我们走在正确的道路上。毕竟，没有他们我们会迷路的！)”可推知，作者从路标中学到了要有感恩的心。故选C项。
C
We are all aware of the damaging pollution that’s created by driving petrol and diesel (柴油) vehicles. Many of the world’s cities are blocked with traffic, creating fumes containing gases such as nitrogen oxides. The solution for a cleaner, greener future could be electric vehicles. But how optimistic should we be? There was much excitement last year when the UK government announced it will ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2030. But is that easier said than done?
The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently, battery life is an issue — a fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. There are also limited numbers of charging points to plug an EV into. Of course, technology is always improving. Some of the biggest tech companies, like Google and Tesla, are spending huge amounts of money developing electric cars. And most of the big car manufacturers are now making them too. Colin Herron, a consultant on low-carbon vehicle technology, told the BBC: “The big leap forward will come with solid state batteries, which will appear first in mobile phones and laptops before they progress to cars.” These will charge more quickly and give cars a bigger range. Cost is another issue that may discourage people switching to electric power. But some countries offer incentive, such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.
These kinds of measures have made Norway the country with the most electric cars per capita (人均) at more than thirty electric cars per 1000 inhabitants. But Colin Herron warns that “electric motoring” doesn’t mean a zero-carbon future. “It’s emission-free motoring, but the car has to be built, the battery has to be built, and the electricity does come from somewhere.” Maybe it’s time to think about making fewer journeys or using public transport.
8. What can we infer from the question at the end of paragraph 1?
A. We should not be too optimistic about the future.
B. Electric vehicles may not solve the traffic problems.
C. It’s not a good idea to replace petrol vehicles with electric ones.
D. It is not easy to obtain a greener future by means of electric vehicles.
9. What does the underlined word “incentive” mean in paragraph 3?
A compensation B. allowance C. encouragement D. privilege
10. Which statement is true according to the passage?
A. Electric motoring will create a zero-carbon future.
B. Electric cars might not get stuck in traffic jams in the future.
C. There are four obstacles on the road to global traffic being totally electric.
D. Putting solid-state batteries in electric cars first will be a “great leap forward”.
11. What is the most suitable title for the text?
A. Total Electric Traffic: a Long Way to Go
B. Electric Vehicles: a Road to a Greener Future
C. Electric Power or Petrol: a Tough Decision to Make
D. Petrol and Diesel Vehicles: a Main source of Gases
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电动汽车的好处以及仍然面临的一些挑战。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently, battery life is an issue — a fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. There are also limited numbers of charging points to plug an EV into. (实现全球交通完全电动化还有很长的路要走。目前，电池寿命是个问题——一块充满电的电池续航时间还不如一箱汽油续航时间长。电动汽车的充电点数量也有限)”可推知，通过电动汽车获得一个更环保的未来并不容易。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.”可知，有些国家通过降低进口税来降低价格，不收取道路税和停车费。有些还为电动汽车提供专用车道，以超越可能陷入拥堵的传统汽车，这些都是鼓励人们购买的措施。故画线词意思是“鼓励”。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.(有些还为电动汽车提供专用车道，以超越可能陷入拥堵的传统汽车)”可知，B选项“电动汽车将来可能不会陷入交通堵塞”正确。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off.(实现全球交通完全电动化还有很长的路要走)”结合文章介绍了电动汽车的好处以及仍然面临的一些挑战。可知，A选项“全电动交通：任重道远”最符合文章标题，故选A。
D
Human responses to moral dilemmas (两难选择) can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. The findings indicate that users may underestimate the extent to which their own moral judgments can be influenced by the chatbot.
Sebastian Krigel and colleagues asked ChatGPT multiple times whether it is right to sacrifice (牺牲) the life of one person in order to save the lives of five others. They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场).
The authors then presented 767 U.S. participants, who were on average 39 years old, with a dilemma whether to sacrifice one person’s life to save five others. Before answering, participants read a statement provided by ChatGPT arguing either for or against sacrificing one life to save five. Statements were from either a moral advisor or ChatGPT. After answering, participants were asked whether the statement they read influenced their answers.
Eighty percent of participants reported that their answers were not influenced by the statements they read. However, the authors found that the answers participants believed they would have provided without reading the statements were still more likely to agree with the moral stance of the statement they did read than with the opposite stance. This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments.
The authors suggest that the potential for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence. They propose that future research should design chabots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings.
12. What are ChatGPT’s answers to a certain moral stance?
A. Inconsistent. B. Valuable. C. Creative. D. Simple.
13. What is learned about the participants?
A. They admitted the power of ChatGPT.
B. They were interviewed by a moral advisor.
C. They were affected by ChatGPT unknowingly.
D. They were presented with different moral dilemmas.
14. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Different findings of the study. B. Future potentials for chatbots.
C. Major focuses of future education. D. Solutions to the impact of chatbots.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. ChatGPT Tends to Cause Moral Panics B. ChatGPT: Is It Likely to Affect Our Life?
C. ChatGPT:Why Is It Making Us So Nervous? D. ChatGPT Can Influence Human Moral Judgments
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT所写语句的影响。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场).(他们发现，ChatGPT会随机写出支持或反对牺牲一条生命的陈述，这表明它并不偏向于某种道德立场)”可推知，ChatGPT对某种道德立场的回答不一致。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments.(这表明参与者可能低估了ChatGPT的陈述对他们自己道德判断的影响)”可知，参与者在不知不觉中受到了ChatGPT的影响。故选C。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The authors suggest that the potential for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence. They propose that future research should design chabots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings.(作者认为，聊天机器人影响人类道德判断的潜力凸显了教育的必要性，以帮助人类更好地理解人工智能。他们建议，未来的研究应该设计出要么拒绝回答需要道德判断的问题，要么通过提供多种论证和警告来回答这些问题的聊天机器人)”可知，最后一段主要讲解决聊天机器人影响人类道德判断力的方法。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Human responses to moral dilemmas (两难选择) can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports.(发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT所写语句的影响)”以及倒数第二段“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments.(这表明参与者可能低估了ChatGPT的陈述对他们自己道德判断的影响)”结合文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法。可知，D选项“ChatGPT可以影响人类的道德判断”最符合文章标题。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are hundreds of genres (流派) of music, so while some might like one kind, others might like something completely different. Why do people like different kinds of music?
____16____ At the same time, music can also help us feel like part of a group or a culture, especially one that shares an interest in a certain kind of music.
Music can also be nostalgic, that is, it creates a kind of longing for the past. Musicians leave behind a footprint with their music.____17____ Even long after the musicians are gone, people still find something in the musicians’ recordings that they can enjoy.
We may also find that the music we like is strongly tied to our memory. Maybe there was a song that someone sang to us when we were little that brings up good memories. ____18____
When we listen to music that we like, a chemical called dopamine is sometimes released in the brain, which can make us feel good. ____19____ There are some algorithms (算法) today that can help pick up on the kind of music we like. When we are streaming music, some programs will let us like or dislike songs.
People’s taste in music can remain the same in their whole life or it can change many times. But the truth is, we don’t know all the exact answers to why people like different kinds of music — or sports, or food, or colors. ____20____ We are all different people who like different things.
A. It’s music to our ears.
B. Music can be a part of our identity.
C. It becomes a mirror that we are holding up.
D. They leave a permanent mark in people’s lives.
E. Therefore we might want to listen to a song on repeat.
F. Other times, we might find music can bring up sad memories.
G. There are lots of different factors that can influence our preferences.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了音乐对人们的影响。
【16题详解】
根据后文“At the same time, music can also help us feel like part of a group or a culture, especially one that shares an interest in a certain kind of music.(与此同时，音乐也可以帮助我们感觉自己是一个团体或文化的一部分，尤其是对某种音乐有共同兴趣的人)”可知，后文提到了音乐对自身其他方面的影响，故本句是在说明音乐可以成为身体的一部分，故B选项“音乐可以成为我们身份的一部分”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Musicians leave behind a footprint with their music.(音乐家在音乐中留下了足迹)”可知，上文提到了音乐家，D选项They指代上文Musicians。故D选项“他们在人们的生活中留下了永久的印记”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据上文“We may also find that the music we like is strongly tied to our memory. Maybe there was a song that someone sang to us when we were little that brings up good memories.(我们可能还会发现，我们喜欢的音乐与我们的记忆密切相关。也许在我们小的时候，有人给我们唱过一首歌，勾起了我们美好的回忆)”可知，上文提到音乐可以勾起美好回忆，同样也能唤起悲伤的回忆。故F选项“其他时候，我们可能会发现音乐能唤起悲伤的回忆”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“When we listen to music that we like, a chemical called dopamine is sometimes released in the brain, which can make us feel good.(当我们听自己喜欢的音乐时，大脑中有时会释放一种叫做多巴胺的化学物质，它能让我们感觉良好)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出喜欢的音乐让我们感觉良好，所以喜欢重复听。故E选项“因此，我们可能想要重复听一首歌”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“But the truth is, we don’t know all the exact answers to why people like different kinds of music — or sports, or food, or colors.(但事实是，我们并不知道人们为什么喜欢不同种类的音乐、运动、食物或颜色的确切答案)”可知，本句承接上文说明影响偏好的因素很多，无法确定。故G选项“有很多不同的因素可以影响我们的偏好”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Silence is important for learning. I got it from my fourteen-month-old daughter Arielle.
One day, she sat on the floor with an old baby doll. Without buttons, it could neither ____21____ nor play music. The whole room was silent. Then Arielle began to explore the baby doll. When her hand touched a tiny ____22____, she used one finger to trace (勾画) its shape. Then she ____23____ one of her own ears and then both ears. She kept tracing the doll’s ear and her own a few more times until, ____24____, she turned her attention elsewhere.
At that moment I discovered how human ____25____ took place. Something stimulated (刺激) Arielle’s ____26____: Is her body like her doll’s? With no outside stimulation, she satisfied her curiosity by comparing the doll’s body and herself. ____27____, for many kids, experiences like Arielle’s are less and less frequent ____28____ children are surrounded by those so-called ____29____ toys which can talk and move at the push of a button. This _____30_____ them to push buttons repeatedly without thinking and may rob (剥夺) children of opportunities to problem-solve.
Like adults, children need times that are _____31_____ to experience the difference between just reacting to outside stimulation and _____32_____ their own ideas by exploring the world.
Indeed, the toys most likely to encourage creative play are not those that make _____33_____ or have lots of unnecessary’ functions. _____34_____, they are simple, quiet and can be used in lots of different ways. So next time, when _____35_____ what to buy your child, make a wise choice.
21. A. smile B. stand C. talk D. sleep
22. A. nose B. mouth C. ear D. foot
23. A. covered B. felt C. hurt D. drew
24. A. discouraged B. interested C. confused D. satisfied
25. A. aging B. communication C. learning D. experiment
26. A. imagination B. curiosity C. creativity D. determination
27. A. Briefly B. Sadly C. Hopefully D. Traditionally
28. A. unless B. while C. since D. until
29. A. safe B. pretty C. healthy D. smart
30. A. required B. forbade C. advised D. caused
31. A. hard B. quiet C. extra D. fresh
32. A. developing B. changing C. expressing D. appreciating
33. A. noise B. profits C. progress D. records
34. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Besides
35. A. asking B. studying C. deciding D. suggesting
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从14个月的女儿Arielle那里学到：沉默对于学习是重要的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有按钮，它既不能说话也不能播放音乐。A. smile微笑；B. stand站立；C. talk说话；D. sleep睡觉。It此处指代上文的baby doll，根据“Without buttons”和“The whole room was silent.”可知，没有按钮，布娃娃既不会说话也不能播放音乐。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她的手碰到一只小耳朵时，她会用一根手指描摹它的形状。A. nose鼻子；B. mouth嘴；C. ear耳朵；D. foot脚。根据下文“one of her own ears and then both ears.”可知，Arielle的手碰到布娃娃的耳朵，会用手指描摹它的形状。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她摸了摸自己的一只耳朵，又摸了摸两只耳朵。A. covered覆盖；B. felt触摸；C. hurt使受伤；D. drew画。根据上文“she used one finger to trace (勾画) its shape”可知，Arielle用手指勾画布娃娃的耳朵轮廓以后，摸摸自己的耳朵。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不停地描摹着娃娃的耳朵，又摸了几次自己的耳朵，直到她满足了，才把注意力转移到别处。A. discouraged心灰意冷的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. confused困惑的；D. satisfied满足的。根据上文“She kept tracing the doll’s ear and her own a few more times until”和下文“she turned her attention elsewhere.”可知，Arielle不断的摸摸布娃娃的耳朵，再摸摸自己的耳朵，直到玩够了，满足了，才转移注意力。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我发现了人类学习是如何发生的。A. aging老龄化；B. communication交流；C. learning学习；D. experiment实验。根据下文“Something stimulated (刺激) Arielle’s ____6____: Is her body like her doll’s?”可知，Arielle在学习，从中作者发现了人类学习的方式。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有什么东西激发了Arielle的好奇心：她的身体像她的娃娃吗？A. imagination想象；B. curiosity好奇心；C. creativity创造力；D. determination决心。根据下文的问题“Is her body like her doll’s?”和“With no outside stimulation, she satisfied her curiosity by comparing the doll’s body and herself.”可知，Arielle产生了好奇心。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，对于许多孩子来说，像Arielle这样的经历越来越少了，因为孩子们被那些所谓的智能玩具包围着，这些玩具可以说话，按下按钮就能移动。A. Briefly简单地；B. Sadly悲哀地；C. Hopefully有希望地；D. Traditionally传统地。根据上文“for many kids, experiences like Arielle’s are less and less frequent”和下文“children are surrounded by those so-called ____9____ toys which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，很多孩子没有Arielle这样的经历，应该是悲哀地。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unless除非；B. while当……时候；C. since因为；D. until直到。根据下文“children are surrounded by those so-called ____9____ toys which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，孩子们被智能玩具包围是缺少那种经历的原因，用since引导原因状语从句。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，对于许多孩子来说，像Arielle这样的经历越来越少了，因为孩子们被那些所谓的智能玩具包围着，这些玩具可以说话，按下按钮就能移动。A. safe安全的；B. pretty漂亮的；C. healthy健康的；D. smart智能的。根据下文toy的定语从句“which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，这些玩具会说话会移动，因此是智能玩具。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这导致他们不假思索地反复按按钮，可能会剥夺孩子们解决问题的机会。A. required要求；B. forbade禁止；C. advised建议；D. caused导致。根据上文“toys which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，一按按钮玩具就会说话和引导，这导致孩子们不假思索地反复按按钮。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和成年人一样，孩子们也需要安静的时间来体验仅仅对外界刺激做出反应和通过探索世界来形成自己的想法之间的区别。A. hard困难的；B. quiet安静的；C. extra额外的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据上文“Silence is important for learning.”可知，孩子们也需要安静的时间来学校。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。developing形成；B. changing改变；C. expressing表达；D. appreciating感激。根据下文“by exploring the world”可知，孩子们通过探索世界来形成他们自己的想法。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，最有可能鼓励创造性游戏的玩具不是那些制造噪音或有很多不必要的“功能”的玩具。A. noise噪音；B. profits利润；C. progress进展；D. records记录。根据上文的“can talk and move”可知，这些玩具制造出噪音。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们简单、安静，可以以多种不同的方式使用。A. However然而；B. Instead代替；相反；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides此外。根据上文“are not those that make ____13____ or have lots of unnecessary’ functions”和下文“they are simple, quiet and can be used in lots of different ways”可知，前后文是相反的意思。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以下次，当决定给你的孩子买什么时，要做出明智的选择。A. asking问；B. studying学习；C. deciding决定；D. suggesting建议。根据下文“make a wise choice”和上文对于玩具的讲述可知，当你决定给孩子们买东西时，要做出明智的选择。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During this year’s Spring Festival holiday, the county of Tangyin in Henan province welcomed an increased number of tourists, many of ____36____came to pay respects to Yue Fei, a Song Dynasty national hero.
The tourist surge was attributed to the success of Full River Red, a domestic film released during the holiday. By Jan 27, the last day of the holiday, the film____37____(generate) a huge total box office income of about 2.6 billion yuan, ranking first in the holiday box office chart. The historical drama, eponymous (同名的) with a well-known lyrical poem by Yue Fei, was directed by famous Chinese director Zhang Yimou.____38____(it) plot centers around a series of events surrounding Yue’s death. Many viewers were moved to tears by the ending of the movie,____39____(feature) thousands of soldiers reciting the lyrical poem in concert ____40____(passionate).
The film’s popularity aroused public admiration ____41____Yue, who bravely fought battles against the Jin Dynasty and was celebrated for his____42____(loyal) and courage. One of the film’s____43____(intention) is to illustrate and highlight Yue Fei’s spirit. In ____44____article posted on China’s leading film rating platform Douban, Chen Yu, the film’s screenwriter, wrote that Yue’s lyrical poem contains a kind of culture or emotion ____45____(share) by all Chinese people.
【答案】36. whom

37. had generated
38. Its 39. featuring
40. passionately
41. for 42. loyalty
43. intentions
44. an 45. shared
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍张艺谋拍摄的电影——《满江红》。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在今年的春节假期里，河南省汤阴县迎来了越来越多的游客，其中许多人是来瞻仰宋代民族英雄岳飞的。分析句子可知，这里考查“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为tourists，指人，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：截至1月27日，也就是假期的最后一天，这部电影已经创造了约26亿元的巨额总票房收入，位居假期票房排行榜第一。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，且主语the film和谓语动词generate为主动关系，再由By Jan 27可知，这里应用过去完成时。故填had generated。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：它的情节围绕着围绕岳飞之死的一系列事件展开。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词性物主代词its作定语修饰后面名词plot，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Its。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：许多观众被电影的结局感动得流下了眼泪，成千上万的士兵同心协力热情地朗诵着这首抒情诗。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语动词，且逻辑主语the ending of the movie和非谓语动词feature为主动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应填现在分词形式。故填featuring。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：许多观众被电影的结局感动得流下了眼泪，成千上万的士兵同心协力热情地朗诵着这首抒情诗。分析句子可知，此空应填副词passionately作状语修饰动词reciting。故填passionately。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：这部电影的火爆引起了公众对岳的钦佩，他勇敢地与金朝作战，并以其忠诚和勇气而闻名。admiration for sb.表“对某人的钦佩”，为固定搭配。故填for。
42题详解】
考查名词。句意：这部电影的火爆引起了公众对岳的钦佩，他勇敢地与金朝作战，并以其忠诚和勇气而闻名。由并列连词and后名词courage可知，此空也应填名词，且loyalty表“忠诚”，为不可数名词。故填loyalty。
【43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这部电影的意图之一是为了说明和突出岳飞的精神。分析句子可知，one of后面应加可数名词intention的复数形式。故填intentions。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在中国领先的电影评分平台豆瓣上发布的一篇文章中，该片编剧陈瑜写道，岳飞的抒情诗包含了一种所有中国人都有的文化或情感。分析句子可知，此空应填不定冠词表泛指概念，且article为元音音素开始的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国领先的电影评分平台豆瓣上发布的一篇文章中，该片编剧陈瑜写道，岳飞的抒情诗包含了一种所有中国人都有的文化或情感。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语动词， 逻辑主语a kind of culture or emotion和非谓语动词share为被动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应填过去分词作后置定语。故填shared。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校即将举办一场以“人工智能”为主题的专家讲座。请你写一封邮件，邀请你的交换生朋友Chris一起参加。内容包括：
1. 讲座时间、地点；
2. 讲座内容；
3. 期待回复。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Chris
Knowing that you are keen on artificial intelligence, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to participate in such a lecture.
Featuring the application of AI, the two-hour lecture is scheduled to be held at 2 p.m. this Sunday in the school auditorium, which will never fail to expose participants to scientific and technological innovation. The operating principles and potential dangers of AI are included as well. Then follows a lively question-and-answer session. I do hope that you won’t miss the golden chance.
Anticipating your prompt reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生交换生朋友Chris写一封信，邀请他参加你校即将举办以“人工智能”为主题的专家讲座。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be keen on →be interested in
参加：participate in →take part in
机会：chance →opportunity
期望：anticipate → expect/look forward to
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Knowing that you are keen on artificial intelligence, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to participate in such a lecture.
拓展句：Because I know that you are keen on artificial intelligence, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to participate in such a lecture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Featuring the application of AI, the two-hour lecture is scheduled to be held at 2 p.m. this Sunday in the school auditorium, which will never fail to expose participants to scientific and technological innovation. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I do hope that you won’t miss the golden chance. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was a cold December, at the tail end of the Great Depression, and things were tough. Mum had a hard time raising us kids on her own in our small community. My father had died five years earlier, leaving us worse off; we relied on social assistance to keep us clothed, and although our clothes were secondhand, we thought they were beautiful.
Looking back, I realized what Mum went through sending us kids to school. Every morning she would tuck a new piece of cardboard in our shoes because our soles were worn out. When we got home, Mum would have French toast ready for us. Our rent was $25 a month, but Mum couldn’t pay it, and we knew we would move out right after Christmas on the first of January.
The holidays were fast approaching, and we were entitled to $25 for Christmas from social services. It was four days before Christmas. Mum said that instead of buying food, she was going to use the money to pay our back rent. That way we’d have a roof over our heads for a little while longer.
Then she told us that there would be no Christmas gifts.
What Mom didn’t know was that I had been selling Christmas trees, sweeping snow and doing part-time jobs to earn enough money to buy a new pair of boots —boots that weren’t patched; boots with no cardboard in it. I knew exactly which boots I wanted. They were ten-inch, Top-Genuine, Pierre Paris boots, and they cost $23.
The big day for getting my boots came on Christmas Eve afternoon. I was very excited as I hurried up the shopping center for it. On the way, I noticed a grocery store.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
The Christmas lights and decorations held me, and I slowed my pace.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
Once home, I piled the groceries on the porch (门廊) and knocked on the door.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1
The Christmas lights and decorations held me, and I slowed my pace. It was then that I realized in our dim house, we had no lights, no decorations and no money for Christmas. A strange sense of guilt suddenly engulfed me. With Pierre Paris boots still in my mind, I tried to convince myself there was at least French toast tonight. However, my family’ disappointed faces on that cold Christmas kept lingering in my mind clearly. After what seemed like a century, I ultimately made the resolution and stepped into the grocery store, eyes brimming with determination. I bought a turkey, ham, oranges and all the Christmas decorations. I spent every dime of my hard-earned money and went back to my house.
Paragraph 2
Once home, I piled the groceries on the porch (门廊) and knocked on the door. Out came my thin mom. The instant she unlocked the door, the groceries fell inside. Staring hard at these items, she was dumbfounded. Tears threatening to spill over my eyes, I hollered, “Merry Christmas, Mother! There really is a Santa Claus!” Words seemed to fail to convey her emotions so that she embraced me tightly. It was when a half-choking “Thanks” escaped from her mouth that a sense of achievement surged through me. I bet I would never have had such satisfaction if I had bought the Pierre Paris boots then. I had a lot of explaining to do as we unpacked all the food. That night, I, an eleven-year-old boy, received the most precious Christmas gift—my responsibility and satisfaction for my family.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者家境艰难，买不起新鞋，房租也即将到期。而作者瞒着母亲一直在兼职工作，以便挣足够的钱买一双新靴子，但是最终作者还是选择用赚来的钱给家人买了节日要吃的食物。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“圣诞彩灯和装饰品吸引了我，我放慢了脚步。”可知，第一段可描写作者选择购买食物回家。
②由第二段首句内容“一到家，我就把杂货堆在门廊上，然后敲门。”可知，第二段可描写母亲看到食物后的反应。
2.续写线索：被吸引——负罪感——购买食物——回家——母亲感动——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①尝试：try to/attempt to
②走进：step into/go into
③拥抱：embrace/hug
情绪类
①沮丧的：disappointed / depressed/frustrated
②满足：satisfaction /content
【点睛】[高分句型1] After what seemed like a century, I ultimately made the resolution and stepped into the grocery store, eyes brimming with determination. (运用了what引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I bet I would never have had such satisfaction if I had bought the Pierre Paris boots then. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)