2022-2023学年山西省太原市高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年山西省太原市高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了选词填空-句子，阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年山西省太原市高一（下）期末英语试卷

一、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共5.0分）
1.

A.surround B.effective C.procedure D.precisely E.fond of

(1) The equipment can ______ locate a star.
(2) It is important that you should ______ yourself with true friends.
(3) He is ______ calligraphy and has won a prize in a national contest.
(4) The human race has one really ______ weapon，and that is laughter.
(5) Please follow the correct ______ when you perform first aid to the injured person.

二、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共20.0分）
A
The International Federation of Inventors' Associations （IFIA） holds around 50 events every year.Here is the information of some upcoming events.


Korea International Women's Invention Exhibition （KIWIE）
KIWIE is truly one and only festival celebrating women inventors and inventions in the world，which has driven the growth of women inventors at home and abroad.This year，KIWIE 2023 will be held online and offline so that you can view the site and the online exhibition hall at the same time.
Date：July 20（Thurs）—22 （Sat），2023
Place：Hall 4，Exhibition Center 1，KINTEX

International Invention Innovation Competition in Canada （iCAN）
iCAN 2022 last year featured more than 720 inventions from 81 countries around the world and was a true global stage for worldwide creativity and innovation.This year is a special online edition.You can send your application form and video file before 10th August 2023 by email.
Date：August 26（Sat），2023
Website：www.tisias，org

Macao （China） International Innovation and Invention Exhibition Expo （MiiEX）
MiiEX is the first and only contest showing various inventions and new products that are intended to go to the market.MiiEX offers a platform for communication among university students and inventors，through which students will get inspiration from interaction among participants.
Date：October 27（Fri）—29 （Sun），2023
Place：Cotai Expo Hall D，The Veneti an Macao（China）— Online and Offline Exhibition

Malaysia Technology Exhibition （MTE）
MTE focuses on recognizing inventions，programmes and ideas which contribute to sustainability，reducing poverty，improving area cooperation，protecting our planet，and building peace.The awards especially encourage the development of local solutions to local challenges.
Date：October 17 （Tues）—21（Sun），2023
Virtual Event：www.mte.org.my
Place：Kuala Lumpu r City Center.

2. Which of the following events is only available online this year？ ______
A. KIWIE. B. iCAN. C. MiiEX. D. MT E.
3. Who can benefit from MiiEX according to the text？ ______
A. Macao people. B. Market managers.
C. Women inventors. D. University students.
4. What inventions are more likely to be awarded in MTE？ ______
A. Low-cost inventions. B. High-tech inventions.
C. World-wide inventions. D. Local-related inventions.
B
Neudy Rojop，29，looks across the rough，rocky road in the small rural village of San Rafael Pacayá.It leads to the home where she grew up and where she still lives today.
When she was about 10，her cousin，Carlos，was very sick.Without any local clinics（诊所），Rojop's family couldn't even figure out what the disease was.They could do nothing but wait.Growing up，she noticed how frequently many of those around her were getting sick.As a teenager，she started to realize her community needed better access to health care.So she determined to go to a nursing school.
But her vision was beyond being a nurse.After graduation，she realized one person was not enough to make the community better."The people here may have common disease."she thought， "Some are known.But there may be new diseases that we don't know about." She wanted to do something to keep any illness from being a threat in the first place.She wanted to train people and do some research to monitor these illnesses and try to provide early actions，or try out new ways to prevent some of them.
Over the next few years，she and a small team brought her vision to life.They provided measures that could limit the possible risks.Olson，one of her colleagues，recalled，"She had zero clinical experience and zero research experience at first，but now she is a superstar here.Her working place is usually bus y with about 300 patients per month."
Now Rojop starts her days with a morning meeting，making decisions，solving problems and setting priorities with her teammates."Before I was so young that I could do nothing for my community."she says，"But now I can help because I know how."
5. What inspired Rojop to go to a nursing school？ ______
A. A future well-paid job.
B. Her poor family background.
C. The need of community health care.
D. Her childhood experiences of being sick.
6. What can be inferred from Olson's words in paragraph 4？ ______
A. Rojop has been accepted widely.
B. Rojop lacks working experience.
C. Rojop enjoy s being brought into focus.
D. Rojop hasn't reached public expectations.
7. Which of the following best describes Rojop？ ______
A. Frank. B. Flexible. C. Determined. D. Generous.
C
People are always curious about researching the well-preserved masterpieces in Western history from the "Old Masters" such as Leonardo DaVinci，Caravaggio，and Sandro Botticelli.One incredible finding is that they all loved using a kind of unusual paint in their paintings.
To be exact，the artists would mix eggs into their paints to create a thing called "egg tempera（蛋彩）".This technique dates back to ancient Egypt and can be found on many of the paintings from the Old Masters such as Boticelli's "Birth of Venus".
Scientists study the elements of their paintings and find that there are added proteins（蛋白质） to the works of art.The reason for that had eluded us for a long time until a new study was published Tuesday，which might tell us why.
To reach their findings，the study's authors drew on analysis of Old Master paintings such as Boticelli's "The Lamentations of Christ"and Da Vinci's "Madonna of the Carnation" along with chemical data from lab-made egg tempera.They found that the egg proteins essentially created a thin protective cover around the paint with the oil in the eggs.This helped prevent it from wrinkling，discoloration while stopping it from yellowing over time by slowing down reactions between the air and oil in the paints.
The findings provide fresh insights into the craft of some of the greatest artists who have ever lived.It just goes to show that while Da Vinci and his fellows might be gone now，there are still plenty of artists that we can learn from their processes and artwork.As an old saying goes，you have to crack a few eggs if you want to make an omelet（煎蛋卷）— and，apparently，so does a masterpiece work of art.
8. What do the "Old Masters" have in common according to the text？ ______
A. They all kept their works well.
B. They shared the same painting style.
C. They lived in the same history period.
D. They all used egg temp era in their paintings.
9. Which of the following can replace "eluded" in paragraph 3？ ______
A. Excited. B. Embraced. C. Confused. D. Aided.
10. What is the purpose of using eggs in paintings？ ______
A. To replace the expensive paints.
B. To present different shades of yellow.
C. To form a cover to protect the paintings.
D. To stimulate the reaction between paints.
11. What can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Chemical Study of Eggs
B. Environmental Use of Eggs
C. The Egg Wisdom of "Old Masters"
D. A New Way to Appreciate Western Art

三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
How to Survive a Lightning Strike？
According to the National Weather Service，almost two-thirds of lightning accidents occur as people enjoy leisure activities outdoors. （1） ______ .Here's how to stay safe when you're enjoying summer outdoors.
Keep an eye on the sky
（ 2） ______ .Thunderstorms usually occur in the afternoon or evening.Start your hike in the morning，and finish up by noon if the forecast indicates bad weather ahead.If the forecast calls for periodic storms throughout the day，make a smart choice and consider giving up the trip.
（ 3） ______
Before you head out for hiking，check maps to locate visitor centers，campground buildings，or rest areas along your route.Once you hear thunder，see lightning，or sense that a storm is approaching，don't hesitate to use your plan.Hikers are strongly advised to watch continually for the nearest shelter. （4） ______ .
Know the storm's distance
Count the seconds between the flash and the following sound of thunder.Divide the number of seconds by five to calculate the number of miles between you and the storm.For example，if the number of seconds is 30，then the distance in between equals six miles，and find shelter immediately. （5） ______ ， just remember that you can hear thunder at a distance of 10 miles.

A.Make a safety plan
B.Check the weather forecast ahead
C.If this simple math is still confusing
D.If you get indoors as soon as possible
E.People are struck while camping，hiking or boating
F.Staying calm will help you avoid meeting further dangers
G.Car campers can stay in the vehicles when no other shelter is available

12.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
13.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
14.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
15.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
It is well known that we Sherpa（夏尔巴人） are regarded as the backbone for climbing above8000 meters.But （1） ______ ， there were no Sherpa on the list of 8000-meter Winter First Ascents（攀登），which made me as a Sherpa feel （2） ______ .I attempted to climb K2，the second highest mountain in the world last winter，but （3） ______ .Yet I still wanted to see our flag put on its （4） ______ ， which had long been my dream.
This year，I made all the arrangements and teamed with three other Sherpa.I trusted them because they were strong，（ 5） ______ and most importantly they were thinking like me— national（6） ______ first.When we started on Nov.21，we （7） ______ that we could succeed in reaching the top within three weeks if the weather remained （8） ______ .But later，when we were closer to Camp Four，my left foot was getting frozen，so I was worried I could put my teammates in danger （9） ______ I continued.They comforted me and advised me to （10） ______ it by kicking the ice，which （11） ______ worked before we set out again.One of my teammates，Tenzi，was （12） ______ the way and fixing lines all the way.We were climbing behind him carrying ropes and other stuff.We all knew it was （13） ______ that could make all of us hold on straight to the end.
December 17 finally!At 4：43 pm，we joined shoulder to shoulder to the summit but not arriving （14） ______ .It didn't （15） ______ which one of us got the first，but we did it for the significant meaning.When we unite，nothing is impossible.
17.  A. surprisingly B. traditionally C. naturally D. fortunately
18.  A. hopeless B. ashamed C. satisfied D. relieved
19.  A. remained B. complained C. failed D. suffered
20.  A. territory B. ground C. border D. summit
21.  A. reliable B. realistic C. attractive D. addicted
22.  A. pride B. security C. property D. strategy
23.  A. doubted B. confirmed C. permitted D. expected
24.  A. hot B. typical C. normal D. freezing
25.  A. though B. if C. since D. so
26.  A. warm B. free C. wrap D. affect
27.  A. frequently B. actually C. hardly D. differently
28.  A. losing B. asking C. limiting D. leading
29.  A. guideline B. teamwork C. luck D. technique
30.  A. immediately B. safely C. individually D. entirely
31.  A. claim B. demonstrate C. matter D. occur
五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
32. Recently，Beijing subway line "Daxing Airport Express"has taken technology further.It（1） ______ （introduce） palm（手掌） recognition to its payment system in April this year.With the （2） ______ （assist） of this technology，passengers can enter （3） ______ exit"empty-handed" by scanning their palms twice.
Passengers can show their palms to pass ticket gates at stops along the line after（4） ______ （put） Win the palm information at the station ticket machines.Fees are taken away （5） ______ （accurate） from the passengers' account after their exit.
（ 6） ______ （compare） with the existing QR code scanning，this technology doesn't require the user's smartphone People only need to show one hand（7） ______ the air without touching anything.That is the reason （8） ______ this technology is welcomed by the young people."That is much （9） ______ （convenient） than I expected." said a passenger happily right after his first attempt to use his palm to take the subway."More importantly，my private information can （10） ______ （protect） by using this technology effectively."
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共25.0分）
33. 假定你是李华，你校近期将举办一场"戏曲进校园"的表演活动。届时京剧名家会到校为师生演出，请你给热衷中国戏曲的外教Mr.Smith写封邮件，内容包括：
（1）邀请他参加并致辞；
（2）活动安排：
（3）期待回复。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Dear Mr.Smith，


Yours sincerely， Li Hua

34. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I was walking home from school，I came across a wallet lying on the path.I picked it up，checking on its contents.Five ﹩20 notes inside!Wow，that's a big money!I couldn't believe my eyes.I looked around.No one in sight，I quickly put the wallet into my schoolbag and rushed My mum was busy in the kitchen.I secretly slid into my room，carefully placed the wallet into my treasure box and locked it away.All that night，I was lost in thought and kept thinking about the money inside，twisting and turning.The thought of buying myself a bike with the 100 dollars flashed across my mind.I had wanted a bike for a long time，but each time my mom always said we couldn't afford one.But how could I explain to my mum where I got the money？Suddenly I remembered an upcoming school science competition would offer a ﹩100 prize to the winner."Why couldn't I tell my mum that I have won the prize？"A perfect excuse indeed!
I got out of bed and took out the wallet from the treasure box again.This time I noticed there was an old photo inside besides the money.The woman in the photo looked like Mara，my science teacher!I was sleepless all night to wait for the sunrise.

注意：
（1）词数应为 100左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The early morning，I put the wallet back to my schoolbag and hurried to school.

Soon，the day of science competition came.

答案和解析

1.【答案】【小题1】D
【小题2】A
【小题3】E
【小题4】B
【小题5】C
【解析】（1）考查副词。句意：该设备可以精确定位恒星。分析可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词locate，结合句意可知，副词precisely"精确地"符合题意，故填precisely。故选D。
（2）考查动词原形。句意：重要的是你应该和真正的朋友在一起。分析可知，句子缺少谓语，动词surround"喜欢结交（某类人）"符合题意，不定式符号to后应用动词原形，故填surround。故选A。
（3）考查形容词短语。句意：他喜欢书法，并在全国比赛中获奖。根据句意可知，此处表示"喜欢"，形容词短语be fond of符合题意，故填fond of。故选E。
（4）考查形容词。句意：人类有一种真正有效的武器，那就是笑。分析可知，此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词weapon，结合句意可知，形容词effective"有效的"符合题意，故填effective。故选B。
（5）考查可数名词单数。句意：对伤者进行急救时，请遵循正确的程序。分析可知，此处应用名词作宾语，结合句意可知，名词procedure"程序"符合题意，结合语境可知，此处特指正确的程序，应用其单数形式，故填procedure。故选C。
（1）该设备可以精确定位恒星。
（2）重要的是你应该和真正的朋友在一起。
（3）他喜欢书法，并在全国比赛中获奖。
（4）人类有一种真正有效的武器，那就是笑。
（5）对伤者进行急救时，请遵循正确的程序。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
  一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
   当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。

2~4.【答案】B、D、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据International Invention Innovation Competition in Canada （iCAN）部分This year is a special online edition.You can send your application form and video file before 10th August 2023 by email.（今年是特别的网络版。您可以在2023年8月10日前通过电子邮件发送您的申请表格和视频文件。）可知，iCAN活动是今年只在网上开放。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Macao （China） International Innovation and Invention Exhibition Expo （MiiEX）部分MiiEX offers a platform for communication among university students and inventors，through which students will get inspiration from interaction among participants.（ MiiEX为大学生和发明家提供了一个交流的平台，学生可以从参与者之间的互动中获得灵感。）可知，该活动的受益者为大学生。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据Malaysia Technology Exhibition （MTE）部分The awards especially encourage the development of local solutions to local challenges.（该奖项特别鼓励针对当地挑战制定当地解决方案。）可知，与本土有关系的致力于解决当地挑战的方案更有可能获奖。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文。文章指出国际发明家协会联合会（IFIA）每年举办大约50场活动。文章介绍了四个即将举行的活动的信息。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

5~7.【答案】C、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段As a teenager，she started to realize her community needed better access to health care.So she determined to go to a nursing school.（十几岁时，她开始意识到她的社区需要更好的医疗保健。所以她决定去护士学校。）可知社区卫生保健的需要促使Neudy Rojop去了一所护士学校。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第四段Olson，one of her colleagues，recalled，"She had zero clinical experience and zero research experience at first，but now she is a superstar here.Her working place is usually busy with about 300 patients per month."（她的一位同事奥尔森回忆说，"她一开始是零临床经验，零研究经验，但现在她是这里的超级明星。她的工作场所通常很忙，每个月要接待大约300名病人。"）可知根据奥尔森在第4段中的话，Neudy Rojop已经被广泛接受。故选A。
（3）观点态度题。根据文章第二段As a teenager，she started to realize her community needed better access to health care.So she determined to go to a nursing school.（十几岁时，她开始意识到她的社区需要更好的医疗保健。所以她决定去护士学校。）和最后一段 Now Rojop starts her days with a morning meeting，making decisions，solving problems and setting priorities with her teammates（现在，罗乔普以晨会开始她的一天，与她的队友一起做决定、解决问题和设定优先事项）可知Neudy Rojop是一个意志坚定的人。A.Frank.诚实的；B.Flexible.灵活的；C.Determined.意志坚定的；D.Generous.大方的。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Neudy Rojop的故事。她在一个小农村长大，意识到社区需要更好的医疗保健。她决定去护理学校学习，并毕业后意识到一个人的力量不足以改善社区。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】D、C、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段To be exact，the artists would mix eggs into their paints to create a thing called "egg tempera（蛋彩）".（确切地说，艺术家们将鸡蛋混合到他们的颜料中，创造出一种叫做"蛋彩画"的东西）可知，Old Masters的共同之处是都在画中使用蛋彩画。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。根据划线词后文"for a long time until a new study was published Tuesday，which might tell us why"可知，周二发表的一项新研究可能会告诉原因，说明在这之前这个问题一致困扰着科学家们。故划线词意思是"困扰"。A.Excited.使兴奋；B.Embraced.拥抱；C.Confused.困惑；D.Aided.帮助。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段They found that the egg proteins essentially created a thin protective cover around the paint with the oil in the eggs.This helped prevent it from wrinkling，discoloration while stopping it from yellowing over time by slowing down reactions between the air and oil in the paints.（他们发现，鸡蛋中的蛋白质在鸡蛋的颜料周围形成了一层薄薄的保护层。这有助于防止它起皱，变色，同时通过减缓颜料中空气和油之间的反应来防止它随着时间的推移变黄）可推知，在绘画中使用鸡蛋的目的是形成一个保护罩来保护画作。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段People are always curious about researching the well-preserved masterpieces in Western history from the "Old Masters" such as Leonardo DaVinci，Caravaggio，and Sandro Botticelli.One incredible finding is that they all loved using a kind of unusual paint in their paintings.（人们总是对研究西方历史上保存完好的大师级作品充满好奇，比如达芬奇、卡拉瓦乔和桑德罗•波提切利。一个令人难以置信的发现是，他们都喜欢在他们的画中使用一种不寻常的颜料。）结合文章主要说明了研究发现以前的艺术家通过在颜料中添加鸡蛋，来保护画作。可知，C.The Egg Wisdom of "Old Masters"（"老师傅"的鸡蛋智慧）最符合文章标题。故选C。
本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了西方历史上的"老大师"如达•芬奇、卡拉瓦乔和桑德罗•波提切利等人喜欢在他们的画作中使用一种不寻常的颜料。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~16.【答案】E、B、A、G、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文According to the National Weather Service，almost two-thirds of lightning accidents occur as people enjoy leisure activities outdoors（根据美国国家气象局的数据，近三分之二的雷击事故发生在人们享受户外休闲活动时），可知表示"人们在露营、徒步旅行或划船时会被击中"的选项E可以承接前文近三分之二的雷击事故发生在人们享受户外休闲活动时的话题，介绍具体的户外休闲活动，故选E。
（2）推理判断题。根据主题句Keep an eye on the sky（留意天空）；以及后句Thunderstorms usually occur in the afternoon or evening（雷暴通常发生在下午或晚上），可知表示"提前查看天气预报"的选项B可以承接留意天空变化的主题，和后句一起表达要查看天气预报，注意雷暴发生的时间，故选B。
（3）主题判断题。根据后文Before you head out for hiking，check maps to locate visitor centers，campground buildings，or rest areas along your route.Once you hear thunder，see lightning，or sense that a storm is approaching，don't hesitate to use your plan（在你出发徒步旅行之前，请查看地图，找到沿途的游客中心、露营地建筑或休息区。一旦你听到雷声、看到闪电或感觉到风暴即将来临，不要犹豫使用你的计划），可知表示"制定安全计划"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，强调提前制定安全计划的重要性，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据前文Hikers are strongly advised to watch continually for the nearest shelter（强烈建议徒步旅行者持续留意最近的避难所），可知表示"当没有其他避难所时，汽车露营者可以留在车内"的选项G可以承接前文避难所的话题，介绍汽车露营者避难的方法，故选G。
（5）推理判断题。根据前文Count the seconds between the flash and the following sound of thunder.Divide the number of seconds by five to calculate the number of miles between you and the storm.For example，if the number of seconds is 30，then the distance in between equals six miles，and find shelter immediately（计算闪光和随后的雷声之间的秒数。将秒数除以5，计算出你和风暴之间的英里数。例如，如果秒数为30，那么两者之间的距离等于6英里，并立即找到避难所）；以及后半句just remember that you can hear thunder at a distance of 10 miles（请记住，你可以在10英里外听到雷声），可知表示"如果这个简单的数学计算仍然令人困惑"的选项C可以承接前文计算出你和风暴之间的英里数的方法，引出后半句更为简单的计算方法，故选C。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了在户外享受夏天时，避免受到雷击的几个方法。
做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

17~31.【答案】A、B、C、D、A、A、D、C、B、A、B、D、B、C、C
【解析】（1）考查副词及语境理解。A.surprisingly出乎意料地，令人惊讶地；B.traditionally传统上地；C.naturally自然地；D.fortunately幸运地。句意：但令人惊讶的是，8000米Winter First Ascents的名单上没有夏尔巴人，这让我作为夏尔巴人感到羞愧。根据上文"It is well known that we Sherpa regarded as the backbone for climbing above 8000 meters"以及转折连词but可知，8000米冬季第一次攀登的名单上没有夏尔巴人，这是令人震惊的。故选A。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.hopeless无望的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.satisfied满足的；D.relieved释然的。句意：但令人惊讶的是，8000米Winter First Ascents的名单上没有夏尔巴人，这让我作为夏尔巴人感到羞愧。根据上文"there were no Sherpa on the list of 8000-meter Winter First Ascents（攀登）"可知，这件事让作为夏尔巴人的作者感到很羞愧。故选B。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.remained保留；B.complained抱怨；C.failed失败；D.suffered遭受。句意：去年冬天，我试图攀登世界第二高峰K2，但没有成功。根据空前"I attempted to climb K2，the second highest mountain in the world last winter"以及转折连词but可知，作者失败了。故选C。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.territory地区；B.ground地面；C.border边界；D.summit顶峰。句意：然而，我仍然希望看到我们的国旗登上顶峰，这是我长期以来的梦想。根据下文"December 17 finally!At 4：43 pm，we joined shoulder to shoulder to the summit"可知，作者希望把国旗插上山顶。故选D。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.reliable可靠的；B.realistic现实的；C.attractive吸引人的；D.addicted上瘾的。句意：我信任他们，因为他们坚强、可靠，最重要的是，他们和我一样思考——民族自豪感第一。故选A。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.pride骄傲；B.security安全；C.property性质；D.strategy策略。句意：我信任他们，因为他们坚强、可靠，最重要的是，他们和我一样思考——民族自豪感第一。根据上文空前"most importantly they were thinking like me "可知，他们和作者想的一样，都想把国旗放到世界第二高峰的山顶上，由此可知，他们考虑的首先是名族自豪感。故选A。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.doubted怀疑；B.confirmed确认；C.permitted允许；D.expected预期。句意：当我们从11月21日开始时，我们预计如果天气保持正常，我们可以在三周内成功登顶。根据空后" that we could succeed in reaching the top within three weeks if the weather remained（8）"可知，作者他们预计如果天气正常，会在三周内成功登顶。故选D。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.hot热的；B.typical典型的；C.normal正常的；D.freezing极冷的。句意：当我们从11月21日开始时，我们预计如果天气保持正常，我们可以在三周内成功登顶。根据上文"we could succeed in reaching the top within three weeks "并结合常识可知，天气正常的话，作者他们会在三周内成功登顶。故选C。
（9）考查连词及语境理解。A.though尽管；B.if如果；C.since自从；D.so因此。句意：但后来，当我们接近四号营地时，我的左脚冻僵了，所以我担心如果我继续下去，我可能会把我的队友置于危险之中。根据上文"so I was worried I could put my teammates in danger"可知，作者担心如果他继续前进，会把队友置于危险之中。故选B。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.warm取暖；B.free使解脱出来；C.wrap包裹；D.affect影响。句意：他们安慰我，建议我踢冰让腿暖和过来，在我们再次出发之前，这实际上起了作用。根据空后"by kicking the ice"以及上文提到作者的左脚冻僵可知，队友建议作者把冰踢掉让腿暖和过来，这样可以继续前进。故选A。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.frequently经常地；B.actually实际上；C.hardly几乎没有；D.differently不同地。句意：他们安慰我，建议我踢冰让腿暖和过来，在我们再次出发之前，这实际上起了作用。根据空后"worked before we set out again"并结合下文提到作者继续攀登可知，队友的建议实际上起了作用。故选B。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.losing失去；B.asking问；C.limiting限制；D.leading带领。句意：我的一个队友Tenzi，一直在带路和固定线路。根据下文"We were climbing behind him carrying ropes and other stuff."可知，Tenzi在前面带路。故选D。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.guideline准则；B.teamwork团队合作；C.luck幸运；D.technique技巧。句意：我们都知道，团队合作可以让我们所有人坚持到底。根据下文"When we unite，nothing is impossible."以及全文语境可知，是团队协作让作者他们成功的登顶。故选B。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.immediately立即；B.safely安全地；C.individually单独地，个人地；D.entirely完全地。句意：下午4点43分，我们肩并肩登上顶峰，但不是个人先抵达。根据下文"but we did it for the significant meaning. "可知，作者他们是肩并肩登上的顶峰，而不是个人。故选C。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.claim要求；B.demonstrate证明；C.matter重要；D.occur发生。句意：我们谁先到达不重要，但我们这样做的意义重大。根据下文"but we did it for the significant meaning"作者认为谁先到达并不重要。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了夏尔巴人被视为攀登8000米以上的中坚力量，但是8000米Winter First Ascents的名单上没有夏尔巴人。作者作为夏尔巴人决定改变这个事实。他和他的队友经历重重的困难，最终登峰。他觉得当人们团结起来时，没有什么是不可能的。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

32.【答案】【小题1】introduced
【小题2】assistance
【小题3】the
【小题4】putting
【小题5】accurately
【小题6】Compared
【小题7】in
【小题8】why
【小题9】more convenient
【小题10】be protected
【解析】（1）考查动词时态。句意：今年4月，它在支付系统中引入了掌纹识别。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填introduced。
（2）考查名词。句意：在这项技术的帮助下，乘客可以通过扫描两次手掌来"空手"进入出口。分析句子，设空处使用assist的名词assistance作宾语，意为"帮助"。故填assistance。
（3）考查冠词。句意：在这项技术的帮助下，乘客可以通过扫描两次手掌来"空手"进入出口。句中exit为名词，意为"出口"，此处表示特指。故填the。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：乘客在车站售票机输入掌纹信息后，可以在沿途各站的检票口出示掌纹。分析句子，设空处置于介词after之后，故使用动名词作宾语。故填putting。
（5）考查副词。句意：乘客出境后，费用会准确地从他们的账户中扣除。设空处使用副词修饰动词。故填accurately。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：与现有的二维码扫描相比，该技术不需要用户的智能手机。句中doesn't require为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。this technology与compare之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作状语。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填Compared。
（7）考查介词。句意：人们只需要在不接触任何东西的情况下向空中伸出一只手。句中使用介词与空后的the air构成介词短语。in the air表示在空中"。故填in。
（8）考查定语从句。句意：这就是为什么这项技术受到年轻人欢迎的原因。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，引导词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。
（9）考查形容词的级。句意：那比我预料的要方便得多。根据句中的much和than可知，设空处使用形容词的比较级作表语。故填more convenient。
（10）考查动词语态。句意：更重要的是，通过有效地使用这项技术，我的私人信息可以得到保护。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。同时information 与protect之间是
被动关系，该空置于can之后，故使用含情态动词的被动。故填be protected。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京大兴国际机场使用掌纹识别技术给乘客们带来了便利。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

33.【答案】Dear Mr.Smith，
I'm more than delighted to tell you that to promote traditional opera in schools，our school will provide an opera for us students to watch.Knowing that you are interested in Peking Opera，I'm writing to invite you to watch it and make a speech.【高分句型一】（邀请他参加并致辞）The traditional opera will be performed at the hall of school at 7：00 p.m.on December 20th.Meanwhile，some famous Peking Opera performers coming from Beijing will join in the performance，which will surely make the audience excited.（活动安排）I'm certain not only will it be a real feast for you but can help you better understand Peking Opera.It is such a good opportunity that you shall never miss it.【高分句型二】I would be quite pleased if you could accept my invitation and come.（期待回复）
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knowing that you are interested in Peking Opera，I'm writing to invite you to watch it with me.
译文：得知你对京剧感兴趣，我写信邀请你和我一起看京剧。
分析：运用了现在分词短语Knowing that you are interested in Peking Opera作原因状语。
高分句型二：It is such a good opportunity that you shall never miss it.
译文：这是一个好机会，你一定不能错过。
分析：运用了such...that引导的结果状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

34.【答案】The early morning，I put the wallet back to my schoolbag and hurried to school.I approached my science teacher before the competition，clutching the wallet tightly，and waited for the right moment.As soon as I saw her alone，I rushed forward. "Mara，" I stammered awkwardly， "I found this wallet on my home and I think it might be yours.I saw your picture inside." Her eyes widened with surprise.Although she was a bit taken aback，she thanked me profusely and told me it was her mother's old photo in the wallet，which was very important to her.【高分句型一】I apologized for not telling her sooner and she smiled，saying she was proud of me.（作者归还钱包的尴尬场面以及老师对他的感谢）
Soon，the day of science competition came.On the day of the competition，I did my best and even though I didn't win，I felt like a winner.My mom was proud of me，not because I had brought home a prize，but because of my honesty.I realized it's not the possessions we have，but our actions that define us.And from that day on，I promised myself that I would always choose to do the right thing，even when no one was watching.【高分句型二】（作者在科学竞赛中明白诚实的道理，以及给妈妈带来的骄傲）
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者在回家的路上发现了一个装满钱的钱包。这个钱包是他的科学老师的。他幻想着用这些钱来谋取私利，但最终还是坦白了并归还了钱包，在这个过程中，他学到了诚实和正直的宝贵一课。
高分句型一：Although she was a bit taken aback，she thanked me profusely and told me it was her mother's old photo in the wallet，which was very important to her.
译文：虽然她有点吃惊，但她非常感谢我，并告诉我钱包里是她母亲的旧照片，这对她来说非常重要。
分析：这句话使用了although引导的让步状语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：And from that day on，I promised myself that I would always choose to do the right thing，even when no one was watching.
译文：从那天起，我向自己保证，即使没有人在看，我也会一直选择做正确的事情。
分析：这句话使用了that引导的宾语从句，when引导的时间状语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
     每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
     （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
     一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
     （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
     根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
     （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
     在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。