2021-2023高考英语真题分项汇编专题03形容词、副词(Word版附解析)
展开专题03 形容词、副词
1.(2023年全国甲卷) ___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
【答案】Different
【详解】考查形容词。句意:与传统寓言不同,卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同,所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
2.(2023年全国乙卷)The ________ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【答案】 remarkable
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这个城市的显著发展,是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界,这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现,我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知,空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。
3. (2023年全国乙卷改错)However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair.
【答案】 final → finally
【详解】考查副词。句意:然而,她最终得到的不是她所希望的棕红色头发,而是紫色的头发。此处修饰动词got,应用副词,作状语。故final改为finally。
4.(2023年全国乙卷改错)At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn’t wash out.
【答案】 truth → true
【详解】考查形容词。句意:至少有一件事被证明是正确的:这种颜色洗不掉。prove为系动词,表示“证明是”,后接形容词。故truth改为true。
5.(2023年新高考I卷)Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ________(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
【答案】tasty
【详解】考查形容词。句意:小笼包,那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。空格处需要形容词修饰后面的名词soup,故填tasty。
6.(2023年新高考I卷)No matter where I buy them, one steamer is _______(rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
【答案】rarely
【详解】考查副词。副词rarely(几乎不 )修饰后面的形容词 enough足够的, rarely enough 几乎不够。
7. (2023年新高考II卷)Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ________ (confidence) speaking English.
【答案】confident
【详解】考查形容词。句意:从2017年6月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空处和前文的comfortable并列,作并列表语,应用形容词形式,confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。
8. (2023年新高考II卷)So, what are they learning? ________ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
【答案】Basically
【详解】考查副词。句意:基本上,如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰空后整个句子,应该用副词修饰,basic的副词形式是basically位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Basically。
9.(2023年浙江卷1月)The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
【答案】originally
【详解】考查副词。句意:胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思,首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。
10.(2023年浙江卷1月)The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 61 (space)homes and walled gardens.
【答案】spacious
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
1. (2022年新高考I卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and _________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】eventually
【详解】考查副词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子结构可知空处应填副词形式作状语,修饰空后动词achieve,形容词eventual的副词为eventually,故填eventually。
2. (2022年全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more _________ (meaning). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】meaningful
【详解】考查形容词作宾补。句意:曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。分析句子结构可知will make宾语从句谓语动词,the hiking trip为宾语,空处为宾语补足语,结合空前的even more可知空处应填形容词形式,名词meaning的形容词形式为meaningful,故填meaningful。
3. (2022年全国甲卷)...and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s _________ (high) mountain. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】highest
【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意:在 2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,非洲最高的山峰。分析句子结构可知空处应填形容词最高级形式作定语修饰mountain,Africa’s highest mountain=the highest mountain in Africa,所以应用形容词最高级。故答案为highest。
4. (2022年全国乙卷)“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the _________ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】largest
【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意:作为国际茶日的主要发起人,茶叶的诞生地和最大的茶叶生产国,中国有责任与其他国家合作,促进茶叶产业的健康发展。分析句子结构以及空前的the可知空处应填形容词的最高级形式作定语,修饰名词短语tea-producing country,故答案为largest。
5. (2022年全国乙卷)"It can help to build a community with a ________(share)future for mankind," he said. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】shared
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他说,“这有助于构建人类命运共同体。”。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词做前置定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
6. (2022年浙江卷1月)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】roughly
【详解】考查副词。句意:例如,在一个名为“无飞行气候科学”的网站上,大约200名学者——其中许多是气候科学家——自两年前开始这项努力以来已经承诺将尽可能少地飞行。分析句子结构可知空处应填副词形式修饰数词,表示数量的精确程度,相当于about,此时的roughly意为“粗略地;大约”,似的还有exactly、nearly、approximately,etc.,故填roughly。
7.(2022年北京卷) That’s a big problem and it is getting even ________ (bad).
【答案】worse
【详解】考查比较级。句意:这是个大问题,而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前,所以此处用worse,故填worse。
8.(2022年浙江卷6月)Blind people recognize shapes with their ____40____ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ____41____ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
【答案】40.existing 41.sighted
【详解】
40.考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语,修饰sense。故填existing。
41.考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people,表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。
9.(2022年天津卷)The experienced climber was________ the potential danger in such extreme weather and decided to wait until the following day.
A. completely blind to B. totally lost in
C. pretty keen on D. well aware of
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意:有经验的登山者充分意识到在这样极端天气下存在的潜在风险,决定等到第二天。A. completely blind to 完全不了解;B. totally lost in完全迷失于;C. pretty keen on 非常喜欢;
1.(2021年新高考1卷 )The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ___ (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
【答案】undoubtedly
【详解】考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空格所填词应该修饰动词help,故应用副词形式。Undoubted 变副词,直接在词尾加ly。故填undoubtedly。
2.(2021年新高考1卷 语法填空)But that's how nature is—always leaving us ___ (astonish).
【答案】 astonished
【详解】考查非谓语动词。此句中含有 "leave sb./sth. + adj." 结构, 表示 "使……处于某种状态" 。因为宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系,此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语,说明人的感受,意为 "感到吃惊的"。故填astonished。
3.(20216全国甲卷 语法填空)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ___ (day) routines.
【答案】 daily
【详解】考查形容词。此处表示 "观察当地人的日常生活" ,修饰routines, 故用形容词,故填daily。
4.(2021年全国甲卷 语法填空)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
【答案】 better
【详解】考查形容词的词性转换。根据句中 "than" 可知,应该填写形容词的比较级的形式,故填better。
5.(2021年6全国乙卷 语法填空)Provide ___ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
【答案】 financial
【详解】考查形容词。空前为动词,空后为名词,故判断此空填形容词形式修饰后面的名词aid。因此应使用finance的形容词形式financial。句意:为当地居民提供经济帮助和其他益处。故填financial。
6.(2021年浙江卷 语法填空)When the house was built, it was much ___ (small) than it is today.
【答案】smaller
【详解】考查形容词的比较级,句中有than这个提示词,much修饰比较级。句意:当房子建好时,它比现在要小得多。
7.(2021年 浙江卷 语法填空) But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ___ (sharp).
【答案】sharply
【详解】考查副词。句意:30年后,很多国家的BMI数值的城乡差异急剧下降。根据句子结构可知the BMI difference… had narrowed (sharp). 修饰动词narrow要用副词,故答案为 sharply。
8.(2021年1月 浙江卷 语法填空)This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including ___ (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】lower
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:乡下的人条件差一些,包括更低的收入和教育水平,更高的健康食物花销和更少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知levels of income and education与higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 是并列关系,前后结构要一致由higher和fewer可知low要用形容词比较级,故答案为lower。
9.(2021年全国乙卷 改错)What's most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.
【答案】把mentally改为mental
【详解】考查形容词作定语。分析题目可知,此处应该用形容词修饰后面的名词relaxation。故把mentally改为mental。
10.(2021年天津卷单选)As working from home becomes ___ common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
A. increasingly B. equally C. nervously D. confusingly
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意:随着在家工作变得越来越普遍,人们发现把为人父母和全职工作结合起来变得更容易了。A.increasingly越来越多地、不断增加地;B.equally同样地;C.nervously紧张地;D.confusingly令人困惑地。根据句意可知,本空应填increasingly。故选:A。
11.(2021年天津卷单选)While rock-climbing, you need to remain very so that you won't make any dangerous errors.
A. satisfied B. focused C. amused D. delighted
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意:攀岩的时候,你需要保持专注,这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。A. satisfied满意的;B. focused集中的;C. amused有趣的;D. delighted高兴的。根据句意可知,本空应填focused。故选:B。
12.(2021年6全国乙卷 语法填空)It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become __ (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.
【答案】educated
【详解】考查形容词作表语。根据空前为become可知,空格处所填词应作become的表语。句意:这与传统的旅游业不同,因为它可以使游客了解到这些区域的一些知识。故填educated。
13. (2021年北京卷)Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ________(safe) wait for the police to take her home.
【答案】safely
【详解】考查副词。句意:山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店,这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语,故填safely。
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