北师大版 (2019)选择性必修第一册Lesson 2 War on Plastic Packets当堂达标检测题

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这是一份北师大版 (2019)选择性必修第一册Lesson 2 War on Plastic Packets当堂达标检测题，共5页。

Animals can mve frm place t place, but plants cannt, When an animal is under attack, it can run away r fight back, Plants certainly cannt run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using bth physical and chemical means.
Sme plants have their wn ways t keep animals away. Fr example, the leaves f the hlly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discurage grasseating animals. Hlly n lwer branches have mre spines than leaves n upper branches. This is because the lwer leaves are easier fr mst animals t reach.
Sme plants, such as the ak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult fr animals t eat. Sme grass may cntain a sandy material; eating such grass wears dwn the animals' teeth.
Many plants als have chemical defenses. Sme plants prduce chemicals that taste bitter r cause an unpleasant reactin. Sme plants may fight against an attack by increasing the prductin f these chemicals. When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tbacc leaf, the leaf prduces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends the rts the infrmatin t prduce mre nictine. The higher levels f nictine discurage the caterpillar.
Many plants depend n bth physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, fr instance, has prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle cntains pisnus venm (毒液). A single experience with this kind f plant will teach an animal t stay away frm it in the future.
1．The leaves f the hlly plant have mre spines n the lwer branches because mst animals ________.
A．are nt tall enugh
B．like the lwer leaves nly
C．are nt clever enugh
D．can get the lwer leaves easily
2．T defend themselves, ak trees use ________.
A．chemical means B．physical means
C．bitter chemicals D．sandy materials
3．Hw des tbacc prtect itself against an attack frm a caterpillar?
A．Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means.
B．Its rts send a messenger t discurage the caterpillar.
C．Its rts increase the prductin f nictine when it is attacked.
D．Its leaves prduce pisnus sand t drive the caterpillar away.
4．What wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A．Plants and Animals
B．Hw Plants Defend Themselves
C．Attacks and Defenses
D．Hw Animals Eat Plants' Leaves
B
Surviving Hurricane Sandy (飓风桑迪)
Natalie Dan, 14, has always felt lucky t live in Rckaway, New Yrk. Living just a few blcks frm the beach, Natalie can see the cean and hear the waves frm her huse. “It's the cean that makes Rckaway s special，” she says.
On Octber 29, 2012, that cean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Cast, and Rckaway was hit especially hard. Frtunately, Natalie's family escaped t Brklyn shrtly befre the city's bridges clsed.
When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in ruins. Many f Natalie's friends had lst their hmes and were living far away. All arund her, peple were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie's schl was s damaged that she had t temprarily attend a schl in Brklyn.
In the fllwing few days, the men and wmen helping Rckaway recver inspired Natalie. Vlunteers came with carlads f dnated clthing and tys. Neighbrs devted their spare time t helping thers rebuild. Teenagers climbed dzens f flights f stairs t deliver water and fd t elderly peple trapped in pwerless highrise buildings.
“My mm tells me that I can't cntrl what happens t me，” Natalie says，“but I can always chse hw I deal with it.”
Natalie's chice was t help.
She created a website page, matching survivrs in need with dnrs wh wanted t help. Natalie psted infrmatin abut a by named Patrick, wh lst his baseball card cllectin when his huse burned dwn. Within days, Patrick's cllectin was replaced.
In the cming mnths, her website page helped lts f kids: Christpher, wh received a new basketball; Charlie, wh gt a new keybard. Natalie als wrked with ther rganizatins t bring muchneeded supplies t Rckaway. Her effrts made her a famus persn. Last April, she was invited t the White Huse and hnred as a Hurricane Sandy Champin f Change.
Tday, the scars (创痕) f destructin are still seen in Rckaway, but hpe is in the air. The streets are clear, and many hmes have been rebuilt. “I can't imagine living anywhere but Rckaway，” Natalie declares. “My neighbrhd will be back, even strnger than befre.”
5．When Natalie returned t Rckaway after the hurricane, she fund ________.
A．sme friends had lst their lives
B．her neighbrhd was destryed
C．her schl had mved t Brklyn
D．the elderly were free frm suffering
6．Accrding t Paragraph 4, wh inspired Natalie mst?
A．The peple helping Rckaway rebuild.
B．The peple trapped in highrise buildings.
C．The vlunteers dnating mney t survivrs.
D．Lcal teenagers bringing clthing t elderly peple.
7．Hw did Natalie help the survivrs?
A．She gave her tys t ther kids.
B．She tk care f yunger children.
C．She called n the White Huse t help.
D．She built an infrmatin sharing platfrm.
8．What des the stry intend t tell us?
A．Little peple can make a big difference
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed
C．East r west, hme is best
D．Technlgy is pwer
C
On Wrld Mental Health Day (10 Octber), emplyees at ur Melburne ffice in Australia, held a mrning tea event t raise funds fr ReachOut Australia—an nline mental health rganizatin fr yung peple and their parents.
The event included a raffle (抽奖) with the winner receiving a free “mental health day” and the runner up receiving a halfday. Mental health days are persnal days taken ff f wrk that are nt deducted (扣除) frm annual leave balances. They are designed t enable emplyees t practice selfcare and spend time ding mre f what makes them feel happy and refreshed.
As well as the mrning tea, the Melburne ffice held a “Stress Dwn Day” where emplyees wre casual, cmfrtable clthes (such as tracksuits and slippers) t wrk by dnatin. The prceeds frm this were als dnated t ReachOut Australia, alng with mney raised at the mrning tea.
OUP HR (牛津大学出版社人力资源) Administratr Abigail Jenkins, explains，“Being able t raise mney fr ReachOut Australia is s meaningful as many yung peple in Australia experience clinically significant mental health issues but are nt receiving supprt. It's my belief that nbdy shuld be suffering like that, let alne ur yung peple. Supprting an rganizatin that aims t prvide free, accessible, and immediate help is really meaningful t everyne here.”
In rder t prmte mental health awareness within the team, the varius fundraising activities were supprted by a presentatin frm the Black Dg Institute, cvering mental health in the wrkplace, hw t recgnize early warning signs, and hw t care fr urselves and thers.
9．Why did the staff members f Melburne ffice hld the mrning tea event?
A．T celebrate Wrld Mental Day.
B．T help treat thse with disabilities.
C．T cllect mney fr yung peple and their parents.
D．T cllect mney fr an nline mental health rganizatin.
10．What des the underlined wrd “They” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Balances. B．Events.
C．Organizatins. D．Mental health days.
11．What can be inferred frm Abigail Jenkins' wrds?
A．Many yung peple ffer t help.
B．Many yung peple suffer mental prblems in Australia.
C．We shuld supprt an rganizatin t help thse with mental health prblems.
D．Many peple with mental health prblems dn't get help frm the gvernment.
12．What is the main idea f the text?
A．Hw is Wrld Mental Health Day frmed.
B．ReachOut Australia carried ut a presentatin fr thse with mental prblems.
C．Fundraising activities are held t supprt thse with mental health prblems in Australia.
D．The Black Dg Institute perfrmed activities t supprt thse with mental health prblems.
课时作业(十五)
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】文章属于说明文。介绍不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的，有些植物采取了物理学上的方法，有些采取了化学上的方法，使自己免受动物的伤害，保护自己。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的This is because the lwer leaves are easier fr mst animals t reach.可知选D项。
2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Sme plants, such as the ak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult fr animals t eat.可知橡树有厚的、坚硬的叶子，使用的是物理学上的方法来保护自己。故B项正确。
3．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tbacc leaf, the leaf prduces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends the rts the infrmatin t prduce mre nictine.可知树根引起分泌出更多的尼古丁，故C项正确。
4．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的，有些植物采取了物理学上的方法，有些采取了化学上的方法，使自己免受动物的伤害，保护自己。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了一个女孩在家乡小镇遭遇飓风后，尽自己的力量创建了一个信息分享网站来帮助人们重建家园。文章告诉我们：只要尽力，小人物也会有大贡献。
5．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in ruins.可知Natalie回到Rckaway时，发现社区的房子都被毁了。故选B。
6．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句In the fllwing few day, the men... inspired Natalie.可知，是那些帮助重建Rckaway的人们鼓舞了Natalie。故选A。
7．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章第七段第一句She created a website page, matching survivrs in need with dnrs wh wanted t help.可知，Natalie创建了一个信息共享平台来帮助幸存者。故选D。
8．答案与解析：A 写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个小女孩在家乡遭遇飓风后，尽自己的力量帮助幸存者的故事。文章旨在告诉我们：在危机来临时，每个人都可以贡献出自己的一份力量。A项“小人物也会有大贡献”符合文章主旨。故选A。
C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在世界心理健康日这天，墨尔本办公室的工作人员为提高人们的心理健康意识，举行了各种形式的募捐活动。
9．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“t raise funds fr ReachOut Australia—an nline mental health rganizatin fr yung peple and their parents”可知，墨尔本办公室的工作人员之所以组织早茶活动是为了帮助一个在线心理健康组织筹款。故选D。
10．答案与解析：D 指代判断题。根据画线词前一句“Mental health days are persnal days taken ff f wrk that are nt deducted (扣除) frm annual leave balances.”以及画线词所在句中的“t enable emplyees t practice selfcare and spend time ding mre f what makes them feel happy and refreshed”可知，心理健康日不会扣除年假，属于自己的私人时间，这个节日的设立能够鼓励员工自我关心并花时间做更多让自己开心和放松的事。由此可推知，They指代的是“mental health days”。故选D。
11．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“Being able t raise mney fr ReachOut Australia is s meaningful”以及最后一句“Supprting an rganizatin that aims t prvide free, accessible, and immediate help is really meaningful t everyne here.”可知，对于大家来说，帮助ReachOut Australia组织筹款是很有意义的，因为这个组织可以为有需要的人提供帮助。由此可推知，我们应该支持这个组织来帮助那些有心理健康问题的人。故选C。
12．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了在世界心理健康日这天，墨尔本办公室的工作人员为提高人们的心理健康意识，举行了各种形式的募捐活动。C项很好地概括了文章主旨。故选C。