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高中外研版 (2019)Unit 6 Disaster and hope精练
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这是一份高中外研版 (2019)Unit 6 Disaster and hope精练，共18页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B．At 9，5分，满分37，90等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第六单元测试
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What did the man do last night?
A．He worked all last night. B．He played all last night. C．He slept all last night.
2．What is the old town surrounded by?
A．Forests. B．Mountains. C．A river.
3．Where does the woman have to get off?
A．At the Bank of China. B．At the post office. C．At the next stop.
4．Why does the man refuse the woman?
A．He doesn't have a car. B．He'll be using his car. C．She doesn't drive.
5．Where does the woman want to go?
A．The shopping center. B．The traffic light. C．The Grand Hotel.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．In which way does the box go faster but cost more?
A．Second class. B．First class. C．To a foreign country.
7．What does the man compare before making a decision?
A．Weight and stamps. B．Price and time. C．Forms and value.
8．What else is the man advised to do?
A．To put down a returning address. B．To buy second class stamps.
C．To pay the right amount of money.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．Why does the woman want to go to the library?
A．To return some books. B．To borrow some new books. C．To find some test papers.
10．When does the library close?
A．At 9：00. B．At 9：40. C．At 10：00.
11．What does the man ask the woman to do?
A．He asks her to return some books for him.
B．He asks her to borrow some books for him.
C．He asks her to go to the library with him.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A．Teacher and student. B．Husband and wife. C．Manager and secretary.
13．Where are the two speakers going?
A．The airport. B．The railway station. C．The bus station.
14．Why do the speakers call Brenda?
A．To ask her to change clothes. B．To ask her when Mother arrives.
C．To ask her if she can go with them.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Where is Mary going?
A．Her home. B．The park. C．The zoo.
16．Why doesn't Mary like walking through the street?
A．It's too cold. B．There are too many people. C．It isn't interesting.
17．When does the conversation most likely take place?
A．Late in the morning. B．In the late afternoon. C．Early in the morning.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．How long is the speaker staying in Finland?
A．The whole winter. B．For two weeks. C．For three weeks.
19．Why is she in Finland?
A．To buy clothes. B．To attend a conference. C．To experience the weather.
20．What was the speaker's biggest problem with preparing the trip?
A.Getting the right kind of clothes. B．Getting used to the weather.
C．Selling warm clothes.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题； 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Beijing has made history as the first city in the world to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. Let's look back on some of the important factors that made the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games so impressive.
the Olympic torch (火炬)
In recognition of Beijing's status (地位) as the world's first city to host both the Summer and Winter games, the 2022 Olympic torch featured a similar design to the 2008 Olympic torch by the same color combination and artistic forms. What truly took viewers' breath away was the moment when torch bearers (火炬手) passed the flame to another during the Olympic Torch Relay. The two Olympic torches locked into each other at the top, which represented fire and ice, symbolizing how it would bring light and warmth to the winter sports scene.
the Olympic mascots (吉祥物)
The Winter Olympic mascot “Bing Dwen Dwen”， a cartoon image of a panda wearing a spacesuit, like a winter sports athlete from the future, has enjoyed wide popularity at home and abroad since its first appearance in 2019. “Bing Dwen Dwen” is a great combination of Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit. “Hopefully Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and leave lasting memories in Olympic history，” said Cao Xue, head of the Beijing 2022 mascot design team.
Soon after the announcement of “Bing Dwen Dwen”， Beijing organizers also introduced “Shuey Rhon Rhon” as the mascot of the 2022 Beijing Paralympic (残奥会) Winter Games.
the smart highspeed railway
As the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continued, the new highspeed railway line connecting the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou began to enter service. By cutting the travel time between the two from three hours to 47 minutes, the bullet train can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, becoming the world's first smart highspeed railway. So, what makes them “smart”？ Well, equipped with 5G signals, intelligent lighting and sensors to collect realtime data and detect any operational problems, the trains can automatically start, stop and adjust to the different speed limits between stations.
21．Why is “Bing Dwen Dwen” so popular?
A．Because it is a real panda, the national treasure of China.
B．Because it looks like an athlete wearing a spacesuit.
C．Because it has already become a classic in Olympic history.
D．Because it shows both Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit.
22．How long did it take to get to Zhangjiakou from Beijing by train before the new highspeed railway was put into use?
A．About 47 minutes. B．About 3 hours and 47 minutes.
C．About 3 hours. D．About 2 hours.
23．What can we know about the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games from the passage?
A．It caught the world's eye once again as the 2008 Olympics did.
B．The torch was the same as that in 2008 Olympics.
C．It had two mascots—“Bing Dwen Dwen” and “Shuey Rhon Rhon”．
D．Drivers on the new highspeed trains used 5G signals to operate the bullet train.
B
I had just arrived in this Asian country for a oneyear teaching position. One day, I took a subway to visit some ancient palaces and temples in the downtown. What happened to me next on the subway has taught me much about culture difference.
Since all the seats were taken, I stood. Suddenly, I felt someone pulling on my bag. Assuming I probably was in someone's way, I moved over slightly. But in one quick motion, I felt my bag removed from my back, and in a flash, it was gone. I turned around to see who the thief was. I looked at the people standing behind me, but didn't see my bag or anyone suspicious. My heart began to beat wildly and I began to panic．
I looked around, only to find directly across from me was an elderly lady, and sitting on her lap was my bag. I tried to get it back from her lap. But as I began to pull it up, she quickly took it back and held onto it. I looked around at the people standing beside me, and those sitting beside her, but no one took any notice of the situation. Trying not to cause a scene, I tried to negotiate through gestures. I used my hands as much as I could, but she ignored my requests for my bag and pointed to my back. She picked up my bag, showing how heavy it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to help me.
At the next stop, a middleaged woman got on the crowded subway. Another elderly woman sitting down took her bag, setting it on her lap. They didn't talk; yet this older woman was more than pleased to sit with this stranger's bag on her lap throughout her journey.
As the subway pulled into the main downtown station and I was getting ready to get off, the woman gently handed me back my bag. But before I had a chance to thank her, she had disappeared into the crowd.
24．What happened after the writer got on the subway?
A．The writer's bag was stolen by an elderly lady.
B．The writer stood in someone's way.
C．An old lady asked the writer to sit beside her.
D．A stranger offered help to the writer.
25．What does the underlined word in the second paragraph mean?
A．Feel frightened. B．Feel grateful.
C．Feel relaxed. D．Feel ashamed.
26．What can we infer from the writer's experience?
A．The middleaged woman and the elderly woman were good friends.
B．The passengers on the subway were very unfriendly.
C．Helping standing passengers with heavy bags was common on local subways.
D．There were many thieves on the subway.
27．What is the writer's purpose in writing the passage?
A．To warn us of the potential risks in travelling abroad.
B．To tell us a culture difference.
C．To recommend a travel destination.
D．To give us some tips on taking a subway.
C
More than 2，000 years ago, ancient Chinese people created an entire framework to mark the passage of time in a year based on observation of the sun's movement, called “The 24 Solar Terms”．
In the international meteorological field, the 24 solar terms are recognized as “the fifth invention of China”. In 2016, the 24 solar terms were included in the UNESCO's Representative List of the intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
The 24 solar terms are: Start of Spring; Rain Water; Awakening of Insects; Spring Equinox; Clear and Bright; Grain Rain; Start of Summer; Grain Buds; Grain in Ear; Summer Solstice; Minor Heat; Major Heat; Start of Autumn; The End of Heat; White Dew; Autumn Equinox; Cold Dew; Frost's Descent; Start of Winter; Minor Snow; Major Snow; Winter Solstice; Minor Cold and Major Cold.
Summer Solstice and Winter Solstice are the two days of the year with the longest and shortest amount of daylight respectively, while Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox are days with the most balanced amount of daytime and nighttime. Through these four points, a year is divided into four parts: Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter.
In ancient times, this system not only guided agricultural production, helping farmers to expect the changes in temperature, spring planting and autumn harvest, but also directed Chinese folk customs. For example, Winter Solstice was the first one created among the 24 solar terms, and later turned into a festival held in honor of Heaven and ancestors. Every year at Winter Solstice, emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties would go to the Temple of Heaven to hold a ceremony to honor Heaven, praying for good weather for their crops, and peace and wealth for the country.
Nowadays, the 24 solar terms could not only be applied to farming, but also guide Chinese in everyday life. They remind people to adapt to the changes in the seasons through suitable foods and cultural ceremonies. Seasonal customs still enjoy widespread popularity, such as eating spring pancakes at Start of Spring, sweeping ancestors' tombs at Qingming, gaining weight to keep warm at Start of Autumn and eating nutritious food to store energy at Start of Winter. They have actually become important traditions in Chinese life.
This ancient time system has gained new charm in the new era. It reflects the emotional connection, the wisdom and creativity of the Chinese, who respect and live in harmony with nature. It has a deep impact on the way people think and their principles of conduct.
28．Why are the 24 solar terms called “the fifth invention of China”？
A．Because they are included in the UNESCO's Representative List of the intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
B．Because they were created by Chinese people.
C．Because they are considered of equal importance to China's four great inventions.
D．Because they mark the passage of time.
29．What role did the 24 solar terms play in ancient China?
A．They all turned into important festivals held in honor of Heaven and ancestors.
B．They offered guidance for agricultural activities and directions for folk customs.
C．They reminded people of everyday changes in temperature.
D．They helped ancient emperors to make their country more powerful.
30．What is the main idea of the last but one paragraph?
A．The guidance of the 24 solar terms in modern Chinese people's daily life.
B．The foods Chinese people eat in different seasons.
C．The popularity of seasonal customs in China.
D．The tradition of eating spring pancakes at Start of Spring in China.
31．About the 24 solar terms, which of the following statements is true?
A．In 2016, the 24 solar terms were recognized as “the fifth invention of China”．
B．Summer Solstice is the day of a year with the shortest daytime.
C．Emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties created Winter Solstice.
D．Through the 24 solar terms, Chinese people show their wisdom and creativity.
D
With low temperatures and a lack of food, winter is a hard season for animals. Many animals enter hibernation to get through it.
Hibernation is when an animal goes into a state of continuous inactivity. Animals hide away from natural enemies. Their metabolism will slow to less than a quarter of its normal rate. This cools the creature's body and slows its heartbeat to just a few times per minute, for up to months at a time.
But why don't humans hibernate? Human hibernation doesn't exist for many reasons. Our body is not designed for hibernation. Our ancestors were tropical animals with no history of hibernating. Humans have only settled in temperate areas and the areas near the North Pole in the last hundred thousand years or so. That's not quite long enough to evolve all the adaptations we would need to be able to hibernate, according to the BBC Science Focus Magazine.
For example, waste management is a huge challenge for human hibernation. Animals that hibernate are able to basically stop their urination during hibernation, since animals can reabsorb the waste their bodies produce during hibernation. Unfortunately, humans can't do this.
There are other challenges. Body temperatures below 2.8℃ tend to damage the human digesting organs and may cause pain. Cold temperatures can also destroy the immune system, leaving the body wide open to infections, according to SmithsonianMagazine.
In fact, humans don't need to hibernate through winter. We have discovered fire, clothes, shelter, hunting and agriculture, all of which are much more effective ways of surviving the cold.
Could humans hibernate in the future? For longdistance space travel, it's likely. A journey to Mars would take months with the technology we have mastered. If we hope to visit another star system, even if we could travel at the speed of light, the journey would take years. Being able to hibernate would make such distances considerably less boring for the astronauts and save key resources, according to University of Oxford in the U．K.
32．What will happen in animal bodies during hibernation?
A．Their metabolism will speed up.
B．There will be a drop in body temperature.
C．The heart will beat faster.
D．Their urination will continue as usual.
33．Which is NOT the reason why humans don't hibernate according to the passage?
A．Humans evolved from tropical animals with no history of hibernating.
B．Our body can't function properly with body temperatures lower than normal.
C．Our body can't manage its waste as animals do during hibernation.
D．There is no need for humans to sleep in winter.
34．What will most probably be talked about in the next paragraph of the passage?
A．Human's research in making astronauts hibernate for longdistance space travel.
B．Human's future exploration of Mars and other star systems.
C．The technology humans have already mastered in longdistance space travel.
D．The distance that astronauts will need to travel in future space exploration.
35．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Why do animals hibernate? B．How do humans spend winters?
C．Why don't humans hibernate? D．Will humans hibernate in the future?
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is an old story about an army of frogs that were jumping through the forest one day when two of them suddenly fell into a deep hole.__36__. The frogs outside the hole all began to sadly shake their heads and croak out warnings. “It's too deep！” croaked one frog. Another croaked that there was no way they would ever be able to get out alive.
The two fallen frogs began to continuously jump as they attempted to get out. But the frogs that were watching kept croaking louder at them that they might as well stop.__37__. One of the two frogs finally gave up, followed their advice and died.
__38__， in spite of all the loud croaks of disapproval from the frogs around the top of the hole. They kept croaking at him to quit jumping and save himself from all the pain and suffering as he jumped and fell back down to the bottom over and over.
__39__. The other frogs asked him, “How did you make it when we yelled and croaked at you to stop？” The frog explained to them he was deaf at that time and that he had thought they were cheering for him and yelling words of encouragement to him the entire time!
A little encouragement can go a long way. We don't often think about the effect that our words have upon others.__40__.
A．The other frog just kept on jumping harder than ever
B．Our words do have the power to hurt or to help
C．All of the other frogs gathered around to look down at their two fallen friends
D．Then all the other frogs jumped into the hole
E．Finally, to the surprise of all the other frogs, he jumped right out of the deep hole
F．Finally both of the frogs died in the hole
G．The frogs told them that they were just wasting their time
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Zhang Guimei, who has __41__ her 40 years to education in a China's southwestern area, is a “mother” and headmaster who has ignited (点燃) the hopes of many girls with the light of __42__.
At 17, she left her hometown Heilongjiang for Yunnan province. While teaching in Huaping county, she saw many girls __43__ of school due to poverty. It saddened her very much and made her __44__ that an educated female is able to change the situation of poverty in a family and even the fate (命运) of three generations. In 2002, Zhang was __45__ to build a free allgirls high school, in hope of changing the future of the girls in the mountains and lifting them out of poverty.
In 2007, Zhang __46__ a report in Beijing at the 17th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress. Her report “I have a dream” made her dream of building a free allgirls high school __47__ to all.
A year later, Zhang's school was __48__， becoming the first free allgirls high school in China. Before it was set up, less than 50 percent of the students in Huaping took high school entrance exams. However, the figure __49__ to over 90 percent last year. In the past, rural girls in the county often had no choice but to __50__ at a young age. Today, an __51__ number of them are going to high schools for education. During the past 13 years, the school has helped over 1，800 students __52__ their dreams of going to universities.
Due to her selfless work, Zhang was __53__ CPC's top honor July 1 Medal at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. At the ceremony, she said: “The things we have done are what many CPC members are doing every day. __54__ I'm still capable, I will stand in the classroom to give my all, which I will never ever __55__.” she remarked.
41．A.contributed B．applied C．belonged D．responded
42．A.lantern B．firework C．education D．midnight
43．A.figure out B．set out C．carry out D．drop out
44．A.grateful B．aware C．concerned D．curious
45．A.addicted B．shocked C．likely D．determined
46．A.replaced B．delivered C．disguised D．represent
47．A.limited B．faithful C．known D．typical
48．A.completed B．appointed C．announced D．confirmed
49．A.dropped B．dived C．walked D．jumped
50．A.retire B．perform C．marry D．leave
51．A.existing B．increasing C．individual D．equal
52．A.remove B．repeat C．refuse D．realize
53．A.awarded B．arranged C．achieved D．attracted
54．A.As well as B．As soon as C．As long as D．As far as
55．A.regret B．ensure C．forgive D．imagine
第二节(共10小题； 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every year, hundreds of thousands of people set off 56.________ Quebec to take part in the weeklong winter festival. Everyone must be prepared to keep moving, as it is too cold 57.________ (stand) for long.
Early in the morning, you can watch various 58.________ (compete) such as skiing and snowboarding on the hill. One of the favorite events is the dogsled (雪橇) race. Each team, which 59.________ (make) up of six husky dogs, pulls a long sled at great speed. One person drives the sled, 60.________ (shout) to the dogs to encourage them. The sound of dogs barking, the shouts of the drivers and the crowds create an 61.________ (extreme) exciting northern experience. While admiring the ice sculptures (雕塑) everywhere in the city, you can stop off with other 62.________ (tourist) in an ice house for hot tea and coffee. It is amazing 63.________ warm these ice houses can be. Later in the evening, you can dance outside to the music of a band, 64.________ members are all dressed in heavy clothes.
In spite of the freezing cold, the city is filled with 65.________ (warm) in the festival atmosphere.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，刚从英国做交换生回来。请给你的老师史密斯先生写一封信，要点如下：
1．报平安并对老师曾给予你的帮助表达感谢；
2．邀请对方到中国旅游。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Smith，
I am Li Hua._____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I always wonder how people will react if I want a total stranger for help in a busy place like a street corner or in a crowded station. I personally have always hurried past a stranger who tried to catch my attention in a busy place or when I am rushing around.
Yesterday I was stuck in such a hopeless situation where my only hope of help would have to come from a total stranger.
I was in a busy shopping mall (中心) buying a large piece of luggage. After the purchase in one of the large, fancy, expensive shops, I picked up my phone from my pocket to call my driver waiting in the parking lot and my phone was dead.
I then requested the shop assistant who had just sold me the luggage, which was not cheap at all, if she could help me telephone my driver. She replied, still all smiles, “I'm sorry, Sir, but it is the shop policy that we cannot use mobile phones while working in the shop.”
As I was wondering what kind of policy that was, I saw a nicelooking teenage boy coming toward me. Remembering my wife's interesting theory (理论) that beautiful people are more likely to give you a hand when you're in trouble, I thought I might have a chance. But before I could say a word, he walked past me. It turned out he simply didn't see me.
I waited a bit longer in the mall but it seemed nobody bothered to look at me. Disappointed and tired, I got out of the shop on to the busy street in front. I stood there with people rushing by, looking at their faces to see if there was a sign of kindness on their face. I began wondering how many times I had reacted to strangers like the shop girl and the teenager.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
At that point I saw a young mother with her two kids.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Finally a man wearing a cheap Tshirt and dirty jeans seemed to notice me.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第六单元测试
第一部分
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：You look terrible. What on earth is the matter?
M：I was up all last night typing out my report.
(Text 2)
W：Where do you live?
M：I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods.
(Text 3)
W：Does this bus go to the Bank of China?
M：Yes，get off at the post office and walk straight ahead for about two minutes.
(Text 4)
W：Would you mind if I borrowed your car just over the weekend?
M：I'm sorry, but it's just not possible，because I'm visiting my mother this weekend.
(Text 5)
W：Can you help me out? I'm trying to find the Grand Hotel.
M：Turn right at the traffic light. It is next to the shopping center.
(Text 6)
M：I'd like to mail this box to Hong Kong. How much will it be, please?
W：Do you want to send it first class or second class?
M：How much is first class and how long does it take?
W：It's a light box. First class would cost $ 8.20. I guess it will take about eight to ten days to arrive.
M：And second class?
W：Sending it second class would be cheaper, but it wouldn't arrive for a month. You'll pay only $ 4.90.
M：Oh, I want it to arrive earlier than that. I'll mail it first class.
W：What's in the box? I need to know in order to complete the form.
M：A set of glasses. Are there any other forms I need to fill out because it's going to a foreign country?
W：Yes，one more. You will have to write clearly what is in the box and the value.
M：Here it is.
W：You forgot to put a returning address on this box. It's a post office rule, but we usually advise people that all mails have a proper returning address.
M：OK. I'll do it right now. I'll also buy ten 60－cent stamps.
W：Let's see. The box and the stamps. Your total bill comes to $14.20.
M：Thank you. Have a nice day.
(Text 7)
W：What time is it now?
M：It is half past nine.
W：It is said that our library has got some new books. I want to go and have a look. Do you think I'll have enough time to get there before it closes?
M：I can't tell. What time does it close?
W：About 10 o'clock.
M：Can you make it in half an hour? Anyhow it's not far from here. By the way, can you return some books for me?
W：OK, no problem! Do you know what the new books are about? I need some books about English writing for my term paper.
M：I heard that most of the new books are about English grammar and writing. All of them are the latest publications. I am sure there are some you need.
W：That's great. Oh, it's already 9：40. There are only 20 minutes left. I'd better get going. See you!
M：See you!
(Text 8)
W：What time does Mother's plane arrive?
M：I'm not sure, but I think it is at 2：13. I'll call the airport to make sure.
W：Why don't you do that while I change my clothes?
M：Do you think Dick or Brenda wants to go?
W：I don't know. I think we can call them.
M：I know Dick has to work，but maybe Brenda can go.
W：OK, call her first, then the airport. I'll go and get ready.
(Text 9)
M：Hello, Mary. Why are you standing here in the cold wind?
W：I'm waiting for a bus; but the buses are very full at this time of day.
M：Where are you going? This isn't your way home. You must take a bus from the other side of the street to go home.
W：I'm not going home now. I'm going for a walk in the park. I always like to go for a walk before lunch.
M：Then why not walk from here to the park，too? It isn't very far.
W：Oh, no, Bill. It isn't very interesting to walk through the street; in fact, it's very boring. So I always take a No. 3 bus.
(Text 10)
Yes，you are right. I am from South Africa. I am not at all used to cold weather, but I am glad to say that I have all the clothes for the freezing weather.
When I first got to know that I would be attending this international conference here in Finland，I had no idea what kind of clothes I should take along. I didn't know what to do when I thought of this two－week stay here, with a rather formal dinner, a few parties, social gatherings and a dance during the conference.
Fortunately, my friend Julia has been to North Europe. Yes, she was a great help. She helped to solve my biggest problem. She placed an order for some warm suits and dresses, business－type clothes, of course, of dark colors. She also bought me some shirts and blouse so I could wear the same clothes in several different ways. A couple of lively colored dresses will give me a nice change from time to time. She also helped to choose a very warm raincoat and a pair of boots.
Oh, how lucky I am to have a helpful friend. She saved me a lot of trouble.
答案：
1～5 AABBC 6～10 BBABC 11～15 ABACB
16～20 CABBA
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了本届冬奥会成功举办的几个关键性的因素。
21．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段“‘Bing Dwen Dwen’ is a great combination of Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit. ‘Hopefully Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and leave lasting memories in Olympic history，’ said Cao Xue, head of the Beijing 2022 mascot design team. (‘冰墩墩’是中国文化与奥林匹克精神的伟大结合。北京2022年冬奥会吉祥物设计团队负责人曹雪表示：‘希望冰墩墩能成为经典，在奥运历史上留下永恒的记忆。’)”可知，冰墩墩受欢迎的原因是融合了中国文化和奥运精神。故选D。
22．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第五段“By cutting the travel time between the two from three hours to 47 minutes, the bullet train can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, becoming the world's first smart highspeed railway. (通过将两辆列车之间的运行时间从3小时缩短到47分钟，这列子弹头列车在没有司机的情况下可以运行到每小时350公里，成为世界上第一个智能高速铁路)”可知，以前北京到张家口需要三个小时。故选C。
23．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段“Beijing has made history as the first city in the world to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. (北京是世界上第一个同时举办过夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会的城市，创造了历史)”可推断，北京冬奥会和2008年夏季奥运会都吸引了全世界的注意力。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文化差异带来的误解。作者在某亚洲国家乘坐地铁时，地铁上的当地人见作者的行李包很重就主动帮其拿着行李，作者由最初误解行李被盗到后来理解这是当地人的一个常见的习惯做法。
24．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But in one quick motion, I felt my bag removed from my back, and in a flash, it was gone. I turned around to see who the thief was. (但很快，我感到背上的包被拿走了，刹那间，包不见了。我转过身去看小偷是谁)”以及第三段中“She picked up my bag, showing how heavy it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to help me. (她捡起我的包，让我看它有多重。我终于开始明白了。她拿着我的包是想帮我)”可知，作者上了地铁后，一个陌生人向作者提供了帮助。故选D。
25．答案与解析：A 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“I turned around to see who the thief was. I looked at the people standing behind me, but didn't see my bag or anyone suspicious. My heart began to beat wildly and I began to (我转过身去看小偷是谁。我看着站在我身后的人，但没有看到我的包或任何可疑的人。我的心开始狂跳)”可知，作者在地铁发现自己的包不见了，所以当时内心是害怕的，画线词意思是“感觉害怕”。故选A。
26．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段中“At the next stop, a middleaged woman got on the crowded subway. Another elderly woman sitting down took her bag, setting it on her lap. They didn't talk; yet this older woman was more than pleased to sit with this stranger's bag on her lap throughout her journey. (到了下一站，一位中年妇女上了拥挤的地铁。另一位坐下来的老妇人接过包，放在膝盖上。他们没说话；然而，在整个旅程中，这位老妇人却非常高兴地把这个陌生人的包放在腿上)”可推知，在当地的地铁上，帮助站着的乘客提沉重的行李是很常见的。故选C。
27．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段中“What happened to me next on the subway has taught me much about culture difference. (接下来在地铁上发生的事情教会了我很多关于文化差异的知识)”可推知，作者讲述这个经历是为了告诉我们一个关于文化差异的故事。故选B。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍24节气以及24节气在我国农业生产，传统习俗及人们生活方式等方面的影响。
28．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段“In the international meteorological field, the 24 solar terms are recognized as ‘the fifth invention of China’. (在国际气象领域，24节气被公认为‘中国的第五项发明’)”可知，二十四节气被称为“中国的第五项发明”是因为国际气象领域认为24节气与中国的四大发明同等重要。故选C。
29．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第五段中“In ancient times, this system not only guided agricultural production, helping farmers to expect the changes in temperature, spring planting and autumn harvest, but also directed Chinese folk customs. (在古代，这一制度不仅指导了农业生产，帮助农民预测气温的变化、春耕秋收，还指导了中国的民俗习俗)”可知，24节气在古代指导农业生产及民间习俗。故选B。
30．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Nowadays, the 24 solar terms could not only be applied to farming, but also guide Chinese in everyday life. They remind people to adapt to the changes in the seasons through suitable foods and cultural ceremonies. Seasonal customs still enjoy widespread popularity, such as eating spring pancakes at Start of Spring, sweeping ancestors' tombs at Qingming, gaining weight to keep warm at Start of Autumn and eating nutritious food to store energy at Start of Winter. They have actually become important traditions in Chinese life. (如今，二十四节气不仅可以用于农业，还可以指导中国人的日常生活。它们提醒人们通过适当的食物和文化仪式来适应季节的变化。季节性的习俗仍然很受欢迎，比如立春吃春饼，清明扫墓，立秋增肥保暖，立冬吃营养食物储存能量。它们实际上已经成为中国人生活中的重要传统)”可知，倒数第二段的主旨是现代中国人日常生活中的二十四节气的指导作用。故选A。
31．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It reflects the emotional connection, the wisdom and creativity of the Chinese, who respect and live in harmony with nature. (它反映了中国人尊重自然、与自然和谐相处的情感联系、智慧和创造力)”可知，D选项“通过24节气，中国人展示了他们的智慧和创造力”正确。故选D。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了大自然中许多动物冬眠，人为什么不冬眠呢？文章就人类不冬眠的原因展开了说明，以及未来的人类是否能够冬眠。
32．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Their metabolism will slow to less than a quarter of its normal rate. This cools the creature's body and slows its heartbeat to just a few times per minute, for up to months at a time. (它们的新陈代谢速度会减慢到正常水平的四分之一以下。这样可以使它的身体冷却，心跳减慢到每分钟几次，每次可以持续几个月)”可知，在动物在冬眠期间新陈代谢，心跳减慢，体温下降，故选B。
33．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Our ancestors were tropical animals with no history of hibernating. (我们的祖先是没有冬眠历史的热带动物)”以及第五段中“Body temperatures below 2.8 ℃ tend to damage the human digesting organs and may cause pain. Cold temperatures can also destroy the immune system, leaving the body wide open to infections, according to SmithsonianMagazine. (体温低于2.8 ℃容易损害人体消化器官，并可能引起疼痛。据《史密森尼杂志》报道，低温还会破坏免疫系统，使身体极易受到感染)”可知，D项“人类没有必要在冬天睡觉”不属于其中原因之一，故选D。
34．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Being able to hibernate would make such distances considerably less boring for the astronauts and save key resources, according to University of Oxford in the U．K. (根据英国牛津大学的说法，能够冬眠将使宇航员在这样的距离中不那么无聊，并节省关键资源)”可推知，下一段可能会探讨在太空探索中让宇航员进入冬眠状态。故选A。
35．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“But why don't humans hibernate? Human hibernation doesn't exist for many reasons. (但是人类为什么不冬眠呢？人类冬眠不存在的原因有很多)”结合文章主要说明了大自然中许多动物冬眠，人为什么不冬眠呢？文章就人类不冬眠的原因展开了说明，以及未来的人类是否能够冬眠。C选项“为什么人类不冬眠？”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了一群青蛙在穿过树林时，其中两只掉进了一个深洞里，其余的青蛙都在说它们死定了，其中的一只信以为真，最终死了，而另一只青蛙以为是鼓励的话最终不断地尝试，终于跳出来了。
36．答案与解析：C 根据上文“There is an old story about an army of frogs that were jumping through the forest one day when two of them suddenly fell into a deep hole. (有一个古老的故事，讲的是有一天，一群青蛙在森林里跳跃时，其中的两只突然掉进了一个深洞里)”以及后文“The frogs outside the hole all began to sadly shake their heads and croak out warnings. (洞外的青蛙都开始悲伤地摇着头，呱呱地发出警告)”可知，上文提到两只青蛙掉进了洞里，后文则提到洞外的青蛙，可知本句是在说明其他的青蛙并没有跳进洞中，而是在洞外朝掉入洞中的两只同伴叫喊，故C选项“所有其他的青蛙都聚在一起看着它们掉下去的两个朋友”符合语境，故选C。
37．答案与解析：G 根据上文“The two fallen frogs began to continuously jump as they attempted to get out. But the frogs that were watching kept croaking louder at them that they might as well stop. (两只掉下去的青蛙开始不停地跳，试图逃出去。但是正在观看的青蛙不停地对他们叫得更响，让他们不妨停下来吧)”可知，洞外的青蛙认为落入洞中的两只青蛙应该停止努力，认为他们试图跳出来是浪费时间，故G选项“青蛙告诉它们，它们只是在浪费时间”符合语境，故选G。
38．答案与解析：A 根据后文“in spite of all the loud croaks of disapproval from the frogs around the top of the hole. They kept croaking at him to quit jumping and save himself from all the pain and suffering as he jumped and fell back down to the bottom over and over. (尽管洞顶周围的青蛙大声反对。它们不停地对它叫，让它不要再跳了，这样它就可以从所有的痛苦和折磨中解脱出来了)”结合上一段提到一只青蛙死了，所以本句是在说明另一只青蛙的情况，故A选项“另一只青蛙继续比以前跳得更用力”符合语境，故选A。
39．答案与解析：E 根据后文“The other frogs asked him, ‘How did you make it when we yelled and croaked at you to stop？’ The frog explained to them he was deaf at that time and that he had thought they were cheering for him and yelling words of encouragement to him the entire time! (其他青蛙问它：‘当我们叫你停下来的时候，你是怎么做到的？’青蛙解释说，它当时是个聋子，一直以为它们是在为它欢呼，是在给它鼓劲！)”可知，另外一只青蛙最后通过努力跳出了洞外，故E选项“最后，令所有其他青蛙惊讶的是，他从深洞里跳了出来”符合语境，故选E。
40．答案与解析：B 根据上文“A little encouragement can go a long way. We don't often think about the effect that our words have upon others. (一点点鼓励就能走得很远。我们不经常考虑我们的话对别人的影响)”可知，本句通过故事总结出道理：我们的语言对他人产生巨大的影响，故B选项“我们的话确实有伤害或帮助的力量”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了“七一勋章”获得者之一张桂梅老师。这位孩子们眼中的“妈妈”、“燃灯校长”一生致力于华坪女高的教育事业。
41．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：张桂梅，在中国西南地区为教育事业贡献了40年，她是一位“母亲”，也是一位校长，她用教育之光点燃了许多女孩的希望。A.contributed 贡献；B.applied应用；C.belonged属于；D.responded 回答。根据后文“her 40 years to education”指为教育事业贡献了40年，应用contribute to。故选A。
42．答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：张桂梅，在中国西南地区为教育事业贡献了40年，她是一位“母亲”，也是一位校长，她用教育之光点燃了许多女孩的希望。A.lantern 灯笼；B.firework烟花；C.education教育；D.midnight 午夜。呼应上文“her 40 years to education”指用教育之光点燃了许多女孩的希望。故选C。
43．答案与解析：D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她在华坪县教书时，她看到很多女孩因为贫穷而辍学。A.figure out解决；B.set out出发；C.carry out实施；D.drop out辍学。根据后文“of school due to poverty”可知很多女孩因为贫穷而辍学。drop out of school意为“辍学”。故选D。
44．答案与解析：B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让她非常难过，让她意识到一个受过教育的女性可以改变一个家庭的贫困状况，甚至是三代人的命运。A.grateful感谢的；B.aware 意识到的；C.concerned关心的；D.curious好奇的。根据后文“that an educated female is able to change the situation of poverty in a family and even the fate of three generations”可知，她意识到一个受过教育的女性可以改变一个家庭的贫困状况，甚至是三代人的命运。故选B。
45．答案与解析：D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2002年，张决心建立一所免费的女子高中，希望改变山区女孩的未来，帮助她们摆脱贫困。A.addicted成瘾的；B.shocked震惊的；C.likely可能的；D.determined坚定的。根据后文“to build a free allgirls high school, in hope of changing the future of the girls in the mountains and lifting them out of poverty”可知，张桂梅决心建立一所免费的女子高中，希望改变山区女孩的未来，帮助她们摆脱贫困。故选D。
46．答案与解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2007年，张在北京举行的中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会上作了报告。A.replaced取代；B.delivered递送，发表；C.disguised伪装；D.represent代表。根据后文“a report in Beijing at the 17th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress”指作报告，应用动词deliver。故选B。
47．答案与解析：C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的报告“我有一个梦想”，使她的梦想建立一所免费的全女生高中众所周知。A.limited有限的；B.faithful忠诚的；C.known已知的；D.typical典型的。根据上文“Her report ‘I have a dream’ made her dream of building a free allgirls high school”可知她的报告使她的梦想建立一所免费的全女生高中众所周知。故选C。
48．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，张的学校建成，成为中国第一所免费的女子高中。A.completed完成；B.appointed任命；C.announced宣布；D.confirmed确认。根据后文“becoming the first free allgirls high school in China”指建成了中国第一所免费的女子高中。故选A。
49．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，去年，这一数字猛增到90%以上。A.dropped下降；B.dived潜水；C.walked步行；D.jumped跳跃。根据上文“less than 50 percent of the students in Huaping took high school entrance exams”以及后文“to over 90 percent”可知，学校的建成让参加中考的人数猛增。故选D。
50．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去，农村的女孩往往没有选择，只能在年轻的时候结婚。A.retire退休；B.perform表演；C.marry结婚；D.leave离开。根据上文“In the past, rural girls in the county often had no choice but to”可知，在过去，农村的女孩往往没有选择，只能在年轻的时候结婚。故选C。
51．答案与解析：B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，他们中越来越多的人进入高中接受教育。A.existing现存的；B.increasing越来越多的；C.individual单独的；D.equal相等的。根据上文提到参加中考的人数增加，可知他们中越来越多的人进入高中接受教育。故选B。
52．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的13年里，学校帮助1800多名学生实现了上大学的梦想。A.remove 去除；B.repeat重复；C.refuse拒绝；D.realize意识到，实现。根据后文“their dreams of going to universities”指实现上大学的梦想。故选D。
53．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于她无私的工作，张在北京人民大会堂被授予中国共产党最高荣誉七一奖章。A.awarded奖励，授予；B.arranged安排；C.achieved 实现；D.attracted吸引。根据后文“CPC's top honor July 1 Medal at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing”指张被授予七一奖章。故选A。
54．答案与解析：C 考查固定短语辨析。句意：只要我还有能力，我就会站在教室里付出我的一切，我永远不会后悔。A.As well as也；B.As soon as一……就……；C.As long as只要；D.As far as至于。引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”应用as long as。故选C。
55．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要我还有能力，我就会站在教室里付出我的一切，我永远不会后悔。A.regret后悔；B.ensure确保；C.forgive原谅；D.imagine想象。根据上文可知张桂梅为教育事业奉献终身，且永不后悔。故选A。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了魁北克的冬季节日，虽然温度很低，但是活动多样，参与的人也很多。
56．答案与解析：for 考查介词。句意：每年，数十万人前往魁北克参加为期一周的冬季节日。短语：set off for出发前往。故填for。
57．答案与解析：to stand 考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都必须准备好不断移动，因为天气太冷了，不能长时间站立。考查固定结构：too... to do sth.太……而不能做某事，此处为不定式担当结果状语。故填 to stand。
58．答案与解析：competitions 考查名词复数。句意：一大早就可以在山上观看滑雪、单板滑雪等各种比赛。根据空前various可知，此空应为可数名词competition的复数形式。故填competitions。
59．答案与解析：is made 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：每队由六只哈士奇狗组成，以极快的速度拉着长雪橇。此空为定语从句的谓语动词，关系代词代指先行词each team，在从句中担当主语，先行词是单数，此处表示被动关系。根据上下文选择一般现在时，此处为一般现在时的被动语态。故填is made。
60．答案与解析：shouting 考查非谓语动词。句意：一个人驾着雪橇，对着狗大喊鼓励它们。句中已有谓语drives，且无连词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语one person与shout之间存在主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填shouting。
61．答案与解析：extremely 考查副词。句意：狗叫的声音，驾驶雪橇人的呼喊和人群创造了一个非常令人兴奋的北方体验。此空修饰下文的形容词exciting，用副词形式作状语。故填extremely。
62．答案与解析：tourists 考查名词复数。句意：当你欣赏城市各处冰雕的同时，你可以和其他游客一起在冰屋喝热茶和咖啡。根据上文的other以及句意可知，此空为可数名词tourist的复数形式。故填tourists。
63．答案与解析：how 考查主语从句。句意：这些冰屋的温暖程度令人惊叹。本句考查主语从句的连接词，it为形式主语。需要副词how修饰形容词warm，表程度，相当于感叹句。故填how。
64．答案与解析：whose 考查定语从句。句意：晚上晚些时候，你可以在乐队的音乐下跳舞，乐队成员都穿着厚重的衣服。句中先行词为band，在非限定性定语从句中作名词members的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
65．答案与解析：warmth 考查名词。句意：尽管天气寒冷，但整个城市充满了节日的温暖气氛。根据空前with，可知此空为名词形式，warmth不可数。故填warmth。
第四部分
第一节
参考范文：
DearMr. Smith，
IamLiHua. How is everything going? I have just returned home safe and sound. During my stay in England, it was you who offered me a lot of help, for which I am more than grateful. Never shall I forget the first months, when I had difficulty adapting to the new school life. Your advice and guidance led me out of the terrible situation. It is known to all that China is a country with lots of places of interest. I sincerely hope that you can visit China someday. I will show you around my home town. I am sure we will have a good time then.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
LiHua
第二节
参考范文：
AtthatpointIsawayoungmotherwithhertwokids. I thought that a beautiful woman with charming blue eyes must be willing to help me. So, with great expectation, I walked towards her with an appropriate smile on my face, and requested if she could be kind enough to make a phone call for me. However, without a word, she pulled her kids to escape from me, as if scared by a murderer. I stood there, hopeless, with a blank face and a sinking heart.
FinallyamanwearingacheapTshirtanddirtyjeansseemedtonoticeme. I squeezed a smile and requested him the same thing. Unexpectedly, he took out his mobile phone for me without hesitation. Dancing in his eyes was the real kindness that I had been struggling to look for so long. From that day on, I began helping other strangers in trouble, just like the poorlooking but kind man, with the aim of passing kindness and melting the ice in many people's hearts.
第六单元测试
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What did the man do last night?
A．He worked all last night. B．He played all last night. C．He slept all last night.
2．What is the old town surrounded by?
A．Forests. B．Mountains. C．A river.
3．Where does the woman have to get off?
A．At the Bank of China. B．At the post office. C．At the next stop.
4．Why does the man refuse the woman?
A．He doesn't have a car. B．He'll be using his car. C．She doesn't drive.
5．Where does the woman want to go?
A．The shopping center. B．The traffic light. C．The Grand Hotel.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．In which way does the box go faster but cost more?
A．Second class. B．First class. C．To a foreign country.
7．What does the man compare before making a decision?
A．Weight and stamps. B．Price and time. C．Forms and value.
8．What else is the man advised to do?
A．To put down a returning address. B．To buy second class stamps.
C．To pay the right amount of money.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．Why does the woman want to go to the library?
A．To return some books. B．To borrow some new books. C．To find some test papers.
10．When does the library close?
A．At 9：00. B．At 9：40. C．At 10：00.
11．What does the man ask the woman to do?
A．He asks her to return some books for him.
B．He asks her to borrow some books for him.
C．He asks her to go to the library with him.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A．Teacher and student. B．Husband and wife. C．Manager and secretary.
13．Where are the two speakers going?
A．The airport. B．The railway station. C．The bus station.
14．Why do the speakers call Brenda?
A．To ask her to change clothes. B．To ask her when Mother arrives.
C．To ask her if she can go with them.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Where is Mary going?
A．Her home. B．The park. C．The zoo.
16．Why doesn't Mary like walking through the street?
A．It's too cold. B．There are too many people. C．It isn't interesting.
17．When does the conversation most likely take place?
A．Late in the morning. B．In the late afternoon. C．Early in the morning.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．How long is the speaker staying in Finland?
A．The whole winter. B．For two weeks. C．For three weeks.
19．Why is she in Finland?
A．To buy clothes. B．To attend a conference. C．To experience the weather.
20．What was the speaker's biggest problem with preparing the trip?
A.Getting the right kind of clothes. B．Getting used to the weather.
C．Selling warm clothes.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题； 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Beijing has made history as the first city in the world to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. Let's look back on some of the important factors that made the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games so impressive.
the Olympic torch (火炬)
In recognition of Beijing's status (地位) as the world's first city to host both the Summer and Winter games, the 2022 Olympic torch featured a similar design to the 2008 Olympic torch by the same color combination and artistic forms. What truly took viewers' breath away was the moment when torch bearers (火炬手) passed the flame to another during the Olympic Torch Relay. The two Olympic torches locked into each other at the top, which represented fire and ice, symbolizing how it would bring light and warmth to the winter sports scene.
the Olympic mascots (吉祥物)
The Winter Olympic mascot “Bing Dwen Dwen”， a cartoon image of a panda wearing a spacesuit, like a winter sports athlete from the future, has enjoyed wide popularity at home and abroad since its first appearance in 2019. “Bing Dwen Dwen” is a great combination of Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit. “Hopefully Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and leave lasting memories in Olympic history，” said Cao Xue, head of the Beijing 2022 mascot design team.
Soon after the announcement of “Bing Dwen Dwen”， Beijing organizers also introduced “Shuey Rhon Rhon” as the mascot of the 2022 Beijing Paralympic (残奥会) Winter Games.
the smart highspeed railway
As the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continued, the new highspeed railway line connecting the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou began to enter service. By cutting the travel time between the two from three hours to 47 minutes, the bullet train can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, becoming the world's first smart highspeed railway. So, what makes them “smart”？ Well, equipped with 5G signals, intelligent lighting and sensors to collect realtime data and detect any operational problems, the trains can automatically start, stop and adjust to the different speed limits between stations.
21．Why is “Bing Dwen Dwen” so popular?
A．Because it is a real panda, the national treasure of China.
B．Because it looks like an athlete wearing a spacesuit.
C．Because it has already become a classic in Olympic history.
D．Because it shows both Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit.
22．How long did it take to get to Zhangjiakou from Beijing by train before the new highspeed railway was put into use?
A．About 47 minutes. B．About 3 hours and 47 minutes.
C．About 3 hours. D．About 2 hours.
23．What can we know about the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games from the passage?
A．It caught the world's eye once again as the 2008 Olympics did.
B．The torch was the same as that in 2008 Olympics.
C．It had two mascots—“Bing Dwen Dwen” and “Shuey Rhon Rhon”．
D．Drivers on the new highspeed trains used 5G signals to operate the bullet train.
B
I had just arrived in this Asian country for a oneyear teaching position. One day, I took a subway to visit some ancient palaces and temples in the downtown. What happened to me next on the subway has taught me much about culture difference.
Since all the seats were taken, I stood. Suddenly, I felt someone pulling on my bag. Assuming I probably was in someone's way, I moved over slightly. But in one quick motion, I felt my bag removed from my back, and in a flash, it was gone. I turned around to see who the thief was. I looked at the people standing behind me, but didn't see my bag or anyone suspicious. My heart began to beat wildly and I began to panic．
I looked around, only to find directly across from me was an elderly lady, and sitting on her lap was my bag. I tried to get it back from her lap. But as I began to pull it up, she quickly took it back and held onto it. I looked around at the people standing beside me, and those sitting beside her, but no one took any notice of the situation. Trying not to cause a scene, I tried to negotiate through gestures. I used my hands as much as I could, but she ignored my requests for my bag and pointed to my back. She picked up my bag, showing how heavy it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to help me.
At the next stop, a middleaged woman got on the crowded subway. Another elderly woman sitting down took her bag, setting it on her lap. They didn't talk; yet this older woman was more than pleased to sit with this stranger's bag on her lap throughout her journey.
As the subway pulled into the main downtown station and I was getting ready to get off, the woman gently handed me back my bag. But before I had a chance to thank her, she had disappeared into the crowd.
24．What happened after the writer got on the subway?
A．The writer's bag was stolen by an elderly lady.
B．The writer stood in someone's way.
C．An old lady asked the writer to sit beside her.
D．A stranger offered help to the writer.
25．What does the underlined word in the second paragraph mean?
A．Feel frightened. B．Feel grateful.
C．Feel relaxed. D．Feel ashamed.
26．What can we infer from the writer's experience?
A．The middleaged woman and the elderly woman were good friends.
B．The passengers on the subway were very unfriendly.
C．Helping standing passengers with heavy bags was common on local subways.
D．There were many thieves on the subway.
27．What is the writer's purpose in writing the passage?
A．To warn us of the potential risks in travelling abroad.
B．To tell us a culture difference.
C．To recommend a travel destination.
D．To give us some tips on taking a subway.
C
More than 2，000 years ago, ancient Chinese people created an entire framework to mark the passage of time in a year based on observation of the sun's movement, called “The 24 Solar Terms”．
In the international meteorological field, the 24 solar terms are recognized as “the fifth invention of China”. In 2016, the 24 solar terms were included in the UNESCO's Representative List of the intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
The 24 solar terms are: Start of Spring; Rain Water; Awakening of Insects; Spring Equinox; Clear and Bright; Grain Rain; Start of Summer; Grain Buds; Grain in Ear; Summer Solstice; Minor Heat; Major Heat; Start of Autumn; The End of Heat; White Dew; Autumn Equinox; Cold Dew; Frost's Descent; Start of Winter; Minor Snow; Major Snow; Winter Solstice; Minor Cold and Major Cold.
Summer Solstice and Winter Solstice are the two days of the year with the longest and shortest amount of daylight respectively, while Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox are days with the most balanced amount of daytime and nighttime. Through these four points, a year is divided into four parts: Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter.
In ancient times, this system not only guided agricultural production, helping farmers to expect the changes in temperature, spring planting and autumn harvest, but also directed Chinese folk customs. For example, Winter Solstice was the first one created among the 24 solar terms, and later turned into a festival held in honor of Heaven and ancestors. Every year at Winter Solstice, emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties would go to the Temple of Heaven to hold a ceremony to honor Heaven, praying for good weather for their crops, and peace and wealth for the country.
Nowadays, the 24 solar terms could not only be applied to farming, but also guide Chinese in everyday life. They remind people to adapt to the changes in the seasons through suitable foods and cultural ceremonies. Seasonal customs still enjoy widespread popularity, such as eating spring pancakes at Start of Spring, sweeping ancestors' tombs at Qingming, gaining weight to keep warm at Start of Autumn and eating nutritious food to store energy at Start of Winter. They have actually become important traditions in Chinese life.
This ancient time system has gained new charm in the new era. It reflects the emotional connection, the wisdom and creativity of the Chinese, who respect and live in harmony with nature. It has a deep impact on the way people think and their principles of conduct.
28．Why are the 24 solar terms called “the fifth invention of China”？
A．Because they are included in the UNESCO's Representative List of the intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
B．Because they were created by Chinese people.
C．Because they are considered of equal importance to China's four great inventions.
D．Because they mark the passage of time.
29．What role did the 24 solar terms play in ancient China?
A．They all turned into important festivals held in honor of Heaven and ancestors.
B．They offered guidance for agricultural activities and directions for folk customs.
C．They reminded people of everyday changes in temperature.
D．They helped ancient emperors to make their country more powerful.
30．What is the main idea of the last but one paragraph?
A．The guidance of the 24 solar terms in modern Chinese people's daily life.
B．The foods Chinese people eat in different seasons.
C．The popularity of seasonal customs in China.
D．The tradition of eating spring pancakes at Start of Spring in China.
31．About the 24 solar terms, which of the following statements is true?
A．In 2016, the 24 solar terms were recognized as “the fifth invention of China”．
B．Summer Solstice is the day of a year with the shortest daytime.
C．Emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties created Winter Solstice.
D．Through the 24 solar terms, Chinese people show their wisdom and creativity.
D
With low temperatures and a lack of food, winter is a hard season for animals. Many animals enter hibernation to get through it.
Hibernation is when an animal goes into a state of continuous inactivity. Animals hide away from natural enemies. Their metabolism will slow to less than a quarter of its normal rate. This cools the creature's body and slows its heartbeat to just a few times per minute, for up to months at a time.
But why don't humans hibernate? Human hibernation doesn't exist for many reasons. Our body is not designed for hibernation. Our ancestors were tropical animals with no history of hibernating. Humans have only settled in temperate areas and the areas near the North Pole in the last hundred thousand years or so. That's not quite long enough to evolve all the adaptations we would need to be able to hibernate, according to the BBC Science Focus Magazine.
For example, waste management is a huge challenge for human hibernation. Animals that hibernate are able to basically stop their urination during hibernation, since animals can reabsorb the waste their bodies produce during hibernation. Unfortunately, humans can't do this.
There are other challenges. Body temperatures below 2.8℃ tend to damage the human digesting organs and may cause pain. Cold temperatures can also destroy the immune system, leaving the body wide open to infections, according to SmithsonianMagazine.
In fact, humans don't need to hibernate through winter. We have discovered fire, clothes, shelter, hunting and agriculture, all of which are much more effective ways of surviving the cold.
Could humans hibernate in the future? For longdistance space travel, it's likely. A journey to Mars would take months with the technology we have mastered. If we hope to visit another star system, even if we could travel at the speed of light, the journey would take years. Being able to hibernate would make such distances considerably less boring for the astronauts and save key resources, according to University of Oxford in the U．K.
32．What will happen in animal bodies during hibernation?
A．Their metabolism will speed up.
B．There will be a drop in body temperature.
C．The heart will beat faster.
D．Their urination will continue as usual.
33．Which is NOT the reason why humans don't hibernate according to the passage?
A．Humans evolved from tropical animals with no history of hibernating.
B．Our body can't function properly with body temperatures lower than normal.
C．Our body can't manage its waste as animals do during hibernation.
D．There is no need for humans to sleep in winter.
34．What will most probably be talked about in the next paragraph of the passage?
A．Human's research in making astronauts hibernate for longdistance space travel.
B．Human's future exploration of Mars and other star systems.
C．The technology humans have already mastered in longdistance space travel.
D．The distance that astronauts will need to travel in future space exploration.
35．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Why do animals hibernate? B．How do humans spend winters?
C．Why don't humans hibernate? D．Will humans hibernate in the future?
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is an old story about an army of frogs that were jumping through the forest one day when two of them suddenly fell into a deep hole.__36__. The frogs outside the hole all began to sadly shake their heads and croak out warnings. “It's too deep！” croaked one frog. Another croaked that there was no way they would ever be able to get out alive.
The two fallen frogs began to continuously jump as they attempted to get out. But the frogs that were watching kept croaking louder at them that they might as well stop.__37__. One of the two frogs finally gave up, followed their advice and died.
__38__， in spite of all the loud croaks of disapproval from the frogs around the top of the hole. They kept croaking at him to quit jumping and save himself from all the pain and suffering as he jumped and fell back down to the bottom over and over.
__39__. The other frogs asked him, “How did you make it when we yelled and croaked at you to stop？” The frog explained to them he was deaf at that time and that he had thought they were cheering for him and yelling words of encouragement to him the entire time!
A little encouragement can go a long way. We don't often think about the effect that our words have upon others.__40__.
A．The other frog just kept on jumping harder than ever
B．Our words do have the power to hurt or to help
C．All of the other frogs gathered around to look down at their two fallen friends
D．Then all the other frogs jumped into the hole
E．Finally, to the surprise of all the other frogs, he jumped right out of the deep hole
F．Finally both of the frogs died in the hole
G．The frogs told them that they were just wasting their time
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Zhang Guimei, who has __41__ her 40 years to education in a China's southwestern area, is a “mother” and headmaster who has ignited (点燃) the hopes of many girls with the light of __42__.
At 17, she left her hometown Heilongjiang for Yunnan province. While teaching in Huaping county, she saw many girls __43__ of school due to poverty. It saddened her very much and made her __44__ that an educated female is able to change the situation of poverty in a family and even the fate (命运) of three generations. In 2002, Zhang was __45__ to build a free allgirls high school, in hope of changing the future of the girls in the mountains and lifting them out of poverty.
In 2007, Zhang __46__ a report in Beijing at the 17th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress. Her report “I have a dream” made her dream of building a free allgirls high school __47__ to all.
A year later, Zhang's school was __48__， becoming the first free allgirls high school in China. Before it was set up, less than 50 percent of the students in Huaping took high school entrance exams. However, the figure __49__ to over 90 percent last year. In the past, rural girls in the county often had no choice but to __50__ at a young age. Today, an __51__ number of them are going to high schools for education. During the past 13 years, the school has helped over 1，800 students __52__ their dreams of going to universities.
Due to her selfless work, Zhang was __53__ CPC's top honor July 1 Medal at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. At the ceremony, she said: “The things we have done are what many CPC members are doing every day. __54__ I'm still capable, I will stand in the classroom to give my all, which I will never ever __55__.” she remarked.
41．A.contributed B．applied C．belonged D．responded
42．A.lantern B．firework C．education D．midnight
43．A.figure out B．set out C．carry out D．drop out
44．A.grateful B．aware C．concerned D．curious
45．A.addicted B．shocked C．likely D．determined
46．A.replaced B．delivered C．disguised D．represent
47．A.limited B．faithful C．known D．typical
48．A.completed B．appointed C．announced D．confirmed
49．A.dropped B．dived C．walked D．jumped
50．A.retire B．perform C．marry D．leave
51．A.existing B．increasing C．individual D．equal
52．A.remove B．repeat C．refuse D．realize
53．A.awarded B．arranged C．achieved D．attracted
54．A.As well as B．As soon as C．As long as D．As far as
55．A.regret B．ensure C．forgive D．imagine
第二节(共10小题； 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every year, hundreds of thousands of people set off 56.________ Quebec to take part in the weeklong winter festival. Everyone must be prepared to keep moving, as it is too cold 57.________ (stand) for long.
Early in the morning, you can watch various 58.________ (compete) such as skiing and snowboarding on the hill. One of the favorite events is the dogsled (雪橇) race. Each team, which 59.________ (make) up of six husky dogs, pulls a long sled at great speed. One person drives the sled, 60.________ (shout) to the dogs to encourage them. The sound of dogs barking, the shouts of the drivers and the crowds create an 61.________ (extreme) exciting northern experience. While admiring the ice sculptures (雕塑) everywhere in the city, you can stop off with other 62.________ (tourist) in an ice house for hot tea and coffee. It is amazing 63.________ warm these ice houses can be. Later in the evening, you can dance outside to the music of a band, 64.________ members are all dressed in heavy clothes.
In spite of the freezing cold, the city is filled with 65.________ (warm) in the festival atmosphere.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，刚从英国做交换生回来。请给你的老师史密斯先生写一封信，要点如下：
1．报平安并对老师曾给予你的帮助表达感谢；
2．邀请对方到中国旅游。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Smith，
I am Li Hua._____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I always wonder how people will react if I want a total stranger for help in a busy place like a street corner or in a crowded station. I personally have always hurried past a stranger who tried to catch my attention in a busy place or when I am rushing around.
Yesterday I was stuck in such a hopeless situation where my only hope of help would have to come from a total stranger.
I was in a busy shopping mall (中心) buying a large piece of luggage. After the purchase in one of the large, fancy, expensive shops, I picked up my phone from my pocket to call my driver waiting in the parking lot and my phone was dead.
I then requested the shop assistant who had just sold me the luggage, which was not cheap at all, if she could help me telephone my driver. She replied, still all smiles, “I'm sorry, Sir, but it is the shop policy that we cannot use mobile phones while working in the shop.”
As I was wondering what kind of policy that was, I saw a nicelooking teenage boy coming toward me. Remembering my wife's interesting theory (理论) that beautiful people are more likely to give you a hand when you're in trouble, I thought I might have a chance. But before I could say a word, he walked past me. It turned out he simply didn't see me.
I waited a bit longer in the mall but it seemed nobody bothered to look at me. Disappointed and tired, I got out of the shop on to the busy street in front. I stood there with people rushing by, looking at their faces to see if there was a sign of kindness on their face. I began wondering how many times I had reacted to strangers like the shop girl and the teenager.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
At that point I saw a young mother with her two kids.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Finally a man wearing a cheap Tshirt and dirty jeans seemed to notice me.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第六单元测试
第一部分
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：You look terrible. What on earth is the matter?
M：I was up all last night typing out my report.
(Text 2)
W：Where do you live?
M：I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods.
(Text 3)
W：Does this bus go to the Bank of China?
M：Yes，get off at the post office and walk straight ahead for about two minutes.
(Text 4)
W：Would you mind if I borrowed your car just over the weekend?
M：I'm sorry, but it's just not possible，because I'm visiting my mother this weekend.
(Text 5)
W：Can you help me out? I'm trying to find the Grand Hotel.
M：Turn right at the traffic light. It is next to the shopping center.
(Text 6)
M：I'd like to mail this box to Hong Kong. How much will it be, please?
W：Do you want to send it first class or second class?
M：How much is first class and how long does it take?
W：It's a light box. First class would cost $ 8.20. I guess it will take about eight to ten days to arrive.
M：And second class?
W：Sending it second class would be cheaper, but it wouldn't arrive for a month. You'll pay only $ 4.90.
M：Oh, I want it to arrive earlier than that. I'll mail it first class.
W：What's in the box? I need to know in order to complete the form.
M：A set of glasses. Are there any other forms I need to fill out because it's going to a foreign country?
W：Yes，one more. You will have to write clearly what is in the box and the value.
M：Here it is.
W：You forgot to put a returning address on this box. It's a post office rule, but we usually advise people that all mails have a proper returning address.
M：OK. I'll do it right now. I'll also buy ten 60－cent stamps.
W：Let's see. The box and the stamps. Your total bill comes to $14.20.
M：Thank you. Have a nice day.
(Text 7)
W：What time is it now?
M：It is half past nine.
W：It is said that our library has got some new books. I want to go and have a look. Do you think I'll have enough time to get there before it closes?
M：I can't tell. What time does it close?
W：About 10 o'clock.
M：Can you make it in half an hour? Anyhow it's not far from here. By the way, can you return some books for me?
W：OK, no problem! Do you know what the new books are about? I need some books about English writing for my term paper.
M：I heard that most of the new books are about English grammar and writing. All of them are the latest publications. I am sure there are some you need.
W：That's great. Oh, it's already 9：40. There are only 20 minutes left. I'd better get going. See you!
M：See you!
(Text 8)
W：What time does Mother's plane arrive?
M：I'm not sure, but I think it is at 2：13. I'll call the airport to make sure.
W：Why don't you do that while I change my clothes?
M：Do you think Dick or Brenda wants to go?
W：I don't know. I think we can call them.
M：I know Dick has to work，but maybe Brenda can go.
W：OK, call her first, then the airport. I'll go and get ready.
(Text 9)
M：Hello, Mary. Why are you standing here in the cold wind?
W：I'm waiting for a bus; but the buses are very full at this time of day.
M：Where are you going? This isn't your way home. You must take a bus from the other side of the street to go home.
W：I'm not going home now. I'm going for a walk in the park. I always like to go for a walk before lunch.
M：Then why not walk from here to the park，too? It isn't very far.
W：Oh, no, Bill. It isn't very interesting to walk through the street; in fact, it's very boring. So I always take a No. 3 bus.
(Text 10)
Yes，you are right. I am from South Africa. I am not at all used to cold weather, but I am glad to say that I have all the clothes for the freezing weather.
When I first got to know that I would be attending this international conference here in Finland，I had no idea what kind of clothes I should take along. I didn't know what to do when I thought of this two－week stay here, with a rather formal dinner, a few parties, social gatherings and a dance during the conference.
Fortunately, my friend Julia has been to North Europe. Yes, she was a great help. She helped to solve my biggest problem. She placed an order for some warm suits and dresses, business－type clothes, of course, of dark colors. She also bought me some shirts and blouse so I could wear the same clothes in several different ways. A couple of lively colored dresses will give me a nice change from time to time. She also helped to choose a very warm raincoat and a pair of boots.
Oh, how lucky I am to have a helpful friend. She saved me a lot of trouble.
答案：
1～5 AABBC 6～10 BBABC 11～15 ABACB
16～20 CABBA
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了本届冬奥会成功举办的几个关键性的因素。
21．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段“‘Bing Dwen Dwen’ is a great combination of Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit. ‘Hopefully Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and leave lasting memories in Olympic history，’ said Cao Xue, head of the Beijing 2022 mascot design team. (‘冰墩墩’是中国文化与奥林匹克精神的伟大结合。北京2022年冬奥会吉祥物设计团队负责人曹雪表示：‘希望冰墩墩能成为经典，在奥运历史上留下永恒的记忆。’)”可知，冰墩墩受欢迎的原因是融合了中国文化和奥运精神。故选D。
22．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第五段“By cutting the travel time between the two from three hours to 47 minutes, the bullet train can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, becoming the world's first smart highspeed railway. (通过将两辆列车之间的运行时间从3小时缩短到47分钟，这列子弹头列车在没有司机的情况下可以运行到每小时350公里，成为世界上第一个智能高速铁路)”可知，以前北京到张家口需要三个小时。故选C。
23．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段“Beijing has made history as the first city in the world to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. (北京是世界上第一个同时举办过夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会的城市，创造了历史)”可推断，北京冬奥会和2008年夏季奥运会都吸引了全世界的注意力。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文化差异带来的误解。作者在某亚洲国家乘坐地铁时，地铁上的当地人见作者的行李包很重就主动帮其拿着行李，作者由最初误解行李被盗到后来理解这是当地人的一个常见的习惯做法。
24．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But in one quick motion, I felt my bag removed from my back, and in a flash, it was gone. I turned around to see who the thief was. (但很快，我感到背上的包被拿走了，刹那间，包不见了。我转过身去看小偷是谁)”以及第三段中“She picked up my bag, showing how heavy it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to help me. (她捡起我的包，让我看它有多重。我终于开始明白了。她拿着我的包是想帮我)”可知，作者上了地铁后，一个陌生人向作者提供了帮助。故选D。
25．答案与解析：A 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“I turned around to see who the thief was. I looked at the people standing behind me, but didn't see my bag or anyone suspicious. My heart began to beat wildly and I began to (我转过身去看小偷是谁。我看着站在我身后的人，但没有看到我的包或任何可疑的人。我的心开始狂跳)”可知，作者在地铁发现自己的包不见了，所以当时内心是害怕的，画线词意思是“感觉害怕”。故选A。
26．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段中“At the next stop, a middleaged woman got on the crowded subway. Another elderly woman sitting down took her bag, setting it on her lap. They didn't talk; yet this older woman was more than pleased to sit with this stranger's bag on her lap throughout her journey. (到了下一站，一位中年妇女上了拥挤的地铁。另一位坐下来的老妇人接过包，放在膝盖上。他们没说话；然而，在整个旅程中，这位老妇人却非常高兴地把这个陌生人的包放在腿上)”可推知，在当地的地铁上，帮助站着的乘客提沉重的行李是很常见的。故选C。
27．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段中“What happened to me next on the subway has taught me much about culture difference. (接下来在地铁上发生的事情教会了我很多关于文化差异的知识)”可推知，作者讲述这个经历是为了告诉我们一个关于文化差异的故事。故选B。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍24节气以及24节气在我国农业生产，传统习俗及人们生活方式等方面的影响。
28．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段“In the international meteorological field, the 24 solar terms are recognized as ‘the fifth invention of China’. (在国际气象领域，24节气被公认为‘中国的第五项发明’)”可知，二十四节气被称为“中国的第五项发明”是因为国际气象领域认为24节气与中国的四大发明同等重要。故选C。
29．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第五段中“In ancient times, this system not only guided agricultural production, helping farmers to expect the changes in temperature, spring planting and autumn harvest, but also directed Chinese folk customs. (在古代，这一制度不仅指导了农业生产，帮助农民预测气温的变化、春耕秋收，还指导了中国的民俗习俗)”可知，24节气在古代指导农业生产及民间习俗。故选B。
30．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Nowadays, the 24 solar terms could not only be applied to farming, but also guide Chinese in everyday life. They remind people to adapt to the changes in the seasons through suitable foods and cultural ceremonies. Seasonal customs still enjoy widespread popularity, such as eating spring pancakes at Start of Spring, sweeping ancestors' tombs at Qingming, gaining weight to keep warm at Start of Autumn and eating nutritious food to store energy at Start of Winter. They have actually become important traditions in Chinese life. (如今，二十四节气不仅可以用于农业，还可以指导中国人的日常生活。它们提醒人们通过适当的食物和文化仪式来适应季节的变化。季节性的习俗仍然很受欢迎，比如立春吃春饼，清明扫墓，立秋增肥保暖，立冬吃营养食物储存能量。它们实际上已经成为中国人生活中的重要传统)”可知，倒数第二段的主旨是现代中国人日常生活中的二十四节气的指导作用。故选A。
31．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It reflects the emotional connection, the wisdom and creativity of the Chinese, who respect and live in harmony with nature. (它反映了中国人尊重自然、与自然和谐相处的情感联系、智慧和创造力)”可知，D选项“通过24节气，中国人展示了他们的智慧和创造力”正确。故选D。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了大自然中许多动物冬眠，人为什么不冬眠呢？文章就人类不冬眠的原因展开了说明，以及未来的人类是否能够冬眠。
32．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Their metabolism will slow to less than a quarter of its normal rate. This cools the creature's body and slows its heartbeat to just a few times per minute, for up to months at a time. (它们的新陈代谢速度会减慢到正常水平的四分之一以下。这样可以使它的身体冷却，心跳减慢到每分钟几次，每次可以持续几个月)”可知，在动物在冬眠期间新陈代谢，心跳减慢，体温下降，故选B。
33．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Our ancestors were tropical animals with no history of hibernating. (我们的祖先是没有冬眠历史的热带动物)”以及第五段中“Body temperatures below 2.8 ℃ tend to damage the human digesting organs and may cause pain. Cold temperatures can also destroy the immune system, leaving the body wide open to infections, according to SmithsonianMagazine. (体温低于2.8 ℃容易损害人体消化器官，并可能引起疼痛。据《史密森尼杂志》报道，低温还会破坏免疫系统，使身体极易受到感染)”可知，D项“人类没有必要在冬天睡觉”不属于其中原因之一，故选D。
34．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Being able to hibernate would make such distances considerably less boring for the astronauts and save key resources, according to University of Oxford in the U．K. (根据英国牛津大学的说法，能够冬眠将使宇航员在这样的距离中不那么无聊，并节省关键资源)”可推知，下一段可能会探讨在太空探索中让宇航员进入冬眠状态。故选A。
35．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“But why don't humans hibernate? Human hibernation doesn't exist for many reasons. (但是人类为什么不冬眠呢？人类冬眠不存在的原因有很多)”结合文章主要说明了大自然中许多动物冬眠，人为什么不冬眠呢？文章就人类不冬眠的原因展开了说明，以及未来的人类是否能够冬眠。C选项“为什么人类不冬眠？”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了一群青蛙在穿过树林时，其中两只掉进了一个深洞里，其余的青蛙都在说它们死定了，其中的一只信以为真，最终死了，而另一只青蛙以为是鼓励的话最终不断地尝试，终于跳出来了。
36．答案与解析：C 根据上文“There is an old story about an army of frogs that were jumping through the forest one day when two of them suddenly fell into a deep hole. (有一个古老的故事，讲的是有一天，一群青蛙在森林里跳跃时，其中的两只突然掉进了一个深洞里)”以及后文“The frogs outside the hole all began to sadly shake their heads and croak out warnings. (洞外的青蛙都开始悲伤地摇着头，呱呱地发出警告)”可知，上文提到两只青蛙掉进了洞里，后文则提到洞外的青蛙，可知本句是在说明其他的青蛙并没有跳进洞中，而是在洞外朝掉入洞中的两只同伴叫喊，故C选项“所有其他的青蛙都聚在一起看着它们掉下去的两个朋友”符合语境，故选C。
37．答案与解析：G 根据上文“The two fallen frogs began to continuously jump as they attempted to get out. But the frogs that were watching kept croaking louder at them that they might as well stop. (两只掉下去的青蛙开始不停地跳，试图逃出去。但是正在观看的青蛙不停地对他们叫得更响，让他们不妨停下来吧)”可知，洞外的青蛙认为落入洞中的两只青蛙应该停止努力，认为他们试图跳出来是浪费时间，故G选项“青蛙告诉它们，它们只是在浪费时间”符合语境，故选G。
38．答案与解析：A 根据后文“in spite of all the loud croaks of disapproval from the frogs around the top of the hole. They kept croaking at him to quit jumping and save himself from all the pain and suffering as he jumped and fell back down to the bottom over and over. (尽管洞顶周围的青蛙大声反对。它们不停地对它叫，让它不要再跳了，这样它就可以从所有的痛苦和折磨中解脱出来了)”结合上一段提到一只青蛙死了，所以本句是在说明另一只青蛙的情况，故A选项“另一只青蛙继续比以前跳得更用力”符合语境，故选A。
39．答案与解析：E 根据后文“The other frogs asked him, ‘How did you make it when we yelled and croaked at you to stop？’ The frog explained to them he was deaf at that time and that he had thought they were cheering for him and yelling words of encouragement to him the entire time! (其他青蛙问它：‘当我们叫你停下来的时候，你是怎么做到的？’青蛙解释说，它当时是个聋子，一直以为它们是在为它欢呼，是在给它鼓劲！)”可知，另外一只青蛙最后通过努力跳出了洞外，故E选项“最后，令所有其他青蛙惊讶的是，他从深洞里跳了出来”符合语境，故选E。
40．答案与解析：B 根据上文“A little encouragement can go a long way. We don't often think about the effect that our words have upon others. (一点点鼓励就能走得很远。我们不经常考虑我们的话对别人的影响)”可知，本句通过故事总结出道理：我们的语言对他人产生巨大的影响，故B选项“我们的话确实有伤害或帮助的力量”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了“七一勋章”获得者之一张桂梅老师。这位孩子们眼中的“妈妈”、“燃灯校长”一生致力于华坪女高的教育事业。
41．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：张桂梅，在中国西南地区为教育事业贡献了40年，她是一位“母亲”，也是一位校长，她用教育之光点燃了许多女孩的希望。A.contributed 贡献；B.applied应用；C.belonged属于；D.responded 回答。根据后文“her 40 years to education”指为教育事业贡献了40年，应用contribute to。故选A。
42．答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：张桂梅，在中国西南地区为教育事业贡献了40年，她是一位“母亲”，也是一位校长，她用教育之光点燃了许多女孩的希望。A.lantern 灯笼；B.firework烟花；C.education教育；D.midnight 午夜。呼应上文“her 40 years to education”指用教育之光点燃了许多女孩的希望。故选C。
43．答案与解析：D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她在华坪县教书时，她看到很多女孩因为贫穷而辍学。A.figure out解决；B.set out出发；C.carry out实施；D.drop out辍学。根据后文“of school due to poverty”可知很多女孩因为贫穷而辍学。drop out of school意为“辍学”。故选D。
44．答案与解析：B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让她非常难过，让她意识到一个受过教育的女性可以改变一个家庭的贫困状况，甚至是三代人的命运。A.grateful感谢的；B.aware 意识到的；C.concerned关心的；D.curious好奇的。根据后文“that an educated female is able to change the situation of poverty in a family and even the fate of three generations”可知，她意识到一个受过教育的女性可以改变一个家庭的贫困状况，甚至是三代人的命运。故选B。
45．答案与解析：D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2002年，张决心建立一所免费的女子高中，希望改变山区女孩的未来，帮助她们摆脱贫困。A.addicted成瘾的；B.shocked震惊的；C.likely可能的；D.determined坚定的。根据后文“to build a free allgirls high school, in hope of changing the future of the girls in the mountains and lifting them out of poverty”可知，张桂梅决心建立一所免费的女子高中，希望改变山区女孩的未来，帮助她们摆脱贫困。故选D。
46．答案与解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2007年，张在北京举行的中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会上作了报告。A.replaced取代；B.delivered递送，发表；C.disguised伪装；D.represent代表。根据后文“a report in Beijing at the 17th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress”指作报告，应用动词deliver。故选B。
47．答案与解析：C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的报告“我有一个梦想”，使她的梦想建立一所免费的全女生高中众所周知。A.limited有限的；B.faithful忠诚的；C.known已知的；D.typical典型的。根据上文“Her report ‘I have a dream’ made her dream of building a free allgirls high school”可知她的报告使她的梦想建立一所免费的全女生高中众所周知。故选C。
48．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，张的学校建成，成为中国第一所免费的女子高中。A.completed完成；B.appointed任命；C.announced宣布；D.confirmed确认。根据后文“becoming the first free allgirls high school in China”指建成了中国第一所免费的女子高中。故选A。
49．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，去年，这一数字猛增到90%以上。A.dropped下降；B.dived潜水；C.walked步行；D.jumped跳跃。根据上文“less than 50 percent of the students in Huaping took high school entrance exams”以及后文“to over 90 percent”可知，学校的建成让参加中考的人数猛增。故选D。
50．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去，农村的女孩往往没有选择，只能在年轻的时候结婚。A.retire退休；B.perform表演；C.marry结婚；D.leave离开。根据上文“In the past, rural girls in the county often had no choice but to”可知，在过去，农村的女孩往往没有选择，只能在年轻的时候结婚。故选C。
51．答案与解析：B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，他们中越来越多的人进入高中接受教育。A.existing现存的；B.increasing越来越多的；C.individual单独的；D.equal相等的。根据上文提到参加中考的人数增加，可知他们中越来越多的人进入高中接受教育。故选B。
52．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的13年里，学校帮助1800多名学生实现了上大学的梦想。A.remove 去除；B.repeat重复；C.refuse拒绝；D.realize意识到，实现。根据后文“their dreams of going to universities”指实现上大学的梦想。故选D。
53．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于她无私的工作，张在北京人民大会堂被授予中国共产党最高荣誉七一奖章。A.awarded奖励，授予；B.arranged安排；C.achieved 实现；D.attracted吸引。根据后文“CPC's top honor July 1 Medal at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing”指张被授予七一奖章。故选A。
54．答案与解析：C 考查固定短语辨析。句意：只要我还有能力，我就会站在教室里付出我的一切，我永远不会后悔。A.As well as也；B.As soon as一……就……；C.As long as只要；D.As far as至于。引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”应用as long as。故选C。
55．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要我还有能力，我就会站在教室里付出我的一切，我永远不会后悔。A.regret后悔；B.ensure确保；C.forgive原谅；D.imagine想象。根据上文可知张桂梅为教育事业奉献终身，且永不后悔。故选A。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了魁北克的冬季节日，虽然温度很低，但是活动多样，参与的人也很多。
56．答案与解析：for 考查介词。句意：每年，数十万人前往魁北克参加为期一周的冬季节日。短语：set off for出发前往。故填for。
57．答案与解析：to stand 考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都必须准备好不断移动，因为天气太冷了，不能长时间站立。考查固定结构：too... to do sth.太……而不能做某事，此处为不定式担当结果状语。故填 to stand。
58．答案与解析：competitions 考查名词复数。句意：一大早就可以在山上观看滑雪、单板滑雪等各种比赛。根据空前various可知，此空应为可数名词competition的复数形式。故填competitions。
59．答案与解析：is made 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：每队由六只哈士奇狗组成，以极快的速度拉着长雪橇。此空为定语从句的谓语动词，关系代词代指先行词each team，在从句中担当主语，先行词是单数，此处表示被动关系。根据上下文选择一般现在时，此处为一般现在时的被动语态。故填is made。
60．答案与解析：shouting 考查非谓语动词。句意：一个人驾着雪橇，对着狗大喊鼓励它们。句中已有谓语drives，且无连词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语one person与shout之间存在主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填shouting。
61．答案与解析：extremely 考查副词。句意：狗叫的声音，驾驶雪橇人的呼喊和人群创造了一个非常令人兴奋的北方体验。此空修饰下文的形容词exciting，用副词形式作状语。故填extremely。
62．答案与解析：tourists 考查名词复数。句意：当你欣赏城市各处冰雕的同时，你可以和其他游客一起在冰屋喝热茶和咖啡。根据上文的other以及句意可知，此空为可数名词tourist的复数形式。故填tourists。
63．答案与解析：how 考查主语从句。句意：这些冰屋的温暖程度令人惊叹。本句考查主语从句的连接词，it为形式主语。需要副词how修饰形容词warm，表程度，相当于感叹句。故填how。
64．答案与解析：whose 考查定语从句。句意：晚上晚些时候，你可以在乐队的音乐下跳舞，乐队成员都穿着厚重的衣服。句中先行词为band，在非限定性定语从句中作名词members的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
65．答案与解析：warmth 考查名词。句意：尽管天气寒冷，但整个城市充满了节日的温暖气氛。根据空前with，可知此空为名词形式，warmth不可数。故填warmth。
第四部分
第一节
参考范文：
DearMr. Smith，
IamLiHua. How is everything going? I have just returned home safe and sound. During my stay in England, it was you who offered me a lot of help, for which I am more than grateful. Never shall I forget the first months, when I had difficulty adapting to the new school life. Your advice and guidance led me out of the terrible situation. It is known to all that China is a country with lots of places of interest. I sincerely hope that you can visit China someday. I will show you around my home town. I am sure we will have a good time then.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
LiHua
第二节
参考范文：
AtthatpointIsawayoungmotherwithhertwokids. I thought that a beautiful woman with charming blue eyes must be willing to help me. So, with great expectation, I walked towards her with an appropriate smile on my face, and requested if she could be kind enough to make a phone call for me. However, without a word, she pulled her kids to escape from me, as if scared by a murderer. I stood there, hopeless, with a blank face and a sinking heart.
FinallyamanwearingacheapTshirtanddirtyjeansseemedtonoticeme. I squeezed a smile and requested him the same thing. Unexpectedly, he took out his mobile phone for me without hesitation. Dancing in his eyes was the real kindness that I had been struggling to look for so long. From that day on, I began helping other strangers in trouble, just like the poorlooking but kind man, with the aim of passing kindness and melting the ice in many people's hearts.
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