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湖北省新高考联考协作体2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份湖北省新高考联考协作体2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答， Where is Simn?等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年度下学期期末考试
高一英语试卷
试卷满分：150分
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man probably do for the woman?
A. Help her with math. B. Ask for leave for her. C. Take her to the hospital.
2. What does the man want Mamie to do?
A. Drink some coffee. B. Do her homework. C. Take a break.
3. Where are most of Osborn’s classmates from?
A. The US. B. Canada. C. Britain.
4. What flowers are in the vase?
A. Sunflowers. B. Lilies. C. Roses.
5. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. A house. B. A picture. C. A gallery.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman expect the man to do?
A. Play games with Ted. B. Put away toys. C. Walk the dog.
7. Where is Simon?
A In the bedroom. B. In the yard. C. On the football court.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. When does the boy plan to get up tomorrow?
A. At 8: 00 a.m. B. At 8:30 a.m. C. At 10: 00 a.m.
9. What will the woman do tomorrow?
A. Attend a conference. B. Wake the boy up. C. Go to the zoo.
10. With whom will the boy have dinner tomorrow?
A. His father. B. His uncle. C. The woman.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the man buy gifts today?
A. For a graduation ceremony. B. For a wedding. C. For an anniversary.
12. What will the man buy?
A. The white gold earrings. B. The diamond earrings. C. The yellow gold ring.
13. How much does the man need to pay?
A. $2,000. B. $2,200. C. $3, 000.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the woman talking about at first?
A. Cooking. B. A storyline. C. Her mother.
15. How does the man feel about Alice’s behavior?
A. Understanding. B. Worried. C.Confused.
16. What is the woman going to do tomorrow?
A. Bring the man a book. B. Take a helicopter. C. Go to a club.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where does the speaker live?
A. In China. B. In Pakistan. C. In South Africa.
18. What did the local tour guide teach the speaker to do?
A. Avoid altitude sickness.
B. Keep himself warm.
C. Renta suitable car.
19. What do we know about the cash machine?
A. People aren’t allowed to take photos of it.
B. It can’t be used to pay electricity bills.
C. It set a Guinness World Record.
20. Who is Atiya Saeed?
A.A student. B. A teacher. C. A photographer.
第二部分 阅读理解(共20题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5)
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上讲该选项涂黑。
A
Here, our selection of Britain’s strangest museums has something for everyone.
Glasgow Riverside Transport Museum
The museum houses steam engines, motorbikes, Glasgow buses and just about anything else that has a set of wheels, wings or sails. For those not in love with transport, there’s a copy of a 19th-century Glasgow street with traditional shops and an old subway station.
Entrance is free and for children of all ages.
The Natural History Museum, Hertfordshire
The Victorians were mad about collecting, and this is essentially the personal collection of just one home-educated boy, which began when he was five years old. But as a member of the Rothschild family, Walter to ok40yearstodoit. There’s just about every stuffed animal you could ever imagine, and quite a few you couldn’t: a polar bear; George, a mandrill (山魁) from London Zoo; a four-ton elephant seal; and some 80 kinds of dog.
Entrance is free.
The Pencil Museum, Cumbria
It is a museum all about the history of the everyday pencil. There are free daily artists’ demonstrations and workshops, so you can enter from one end of the museum and go out with a drawing from another end. The lovely Lake District location adds to the experience and the wonderful shop is especially enjoyable for stationery lovers.
Entrance: adults £ 4.25, children £ 3.25.
The Time Machine Museum of Science Fiction, Hertfordshire
This is the result of 30 years of crazy collecting by Andy Glazzard. There are artworks from sci-fi classics, but most of the museum artworks center Of Doctor Who.
Entrance: adults £ 8, children £ 6.
1. Which museum will you visit if your child is interested in the materials for writing?
A. The Pencil Museum Cumbria.
B. Glasgow Riverside transport Museum.
C. The Natural History Museum, Hertfordshire.
D. The Time Machine Museum of Science Fiction, Hertfordshire.
2. What did Walter and Andy Glazzard have in common?
A. They were both adventurous. B. They were both fond of nature.
C. They both liked collecting things. D. They both liked to have demonstrations.
3. Where does this passage probably come from?
A. A news report. B. A novel website.
C. A travel guidebook. D. A magazine on animals.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国的四个奇妙博物馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 The Pencil Museum, Cumbria部分中“The lovely Lake District location adds to the experience and the wonderful shop is especially enjoyable for stationery lovers.(可爱的湖区位置增加了体验，这家奇妙的商店特别适合文具爱好者)”可知，对文具感兴趣的小孩会选择参观铅笔博物馆，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Natural History Museum, Hertfordshire部分中“The Victorians were mad about collecting, and this is essentially the personal collection of just one home-educated boy, which began when he was five years old. But as a member of the Rothschild family, Walter to ok40yearstodoit.(维多利亚时代的人对收藏很着迷，这基本上是一个在家接受教育的男孩的个人收藏，从他五岁开始。但作为罗斯柴尔德家族的一员，沃尔特40年前就开始这么做了)”以及The Time Machine Museum of Science Fiction, Hertfordshire部分中“This is the result of 30 years of crazy collecting by Andy Glazzard.(这是Andy Glazzard 30年来疯狂收藏的结果)”可知，他们都热爱收藏。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Here, our selection of Britain’s strangest museums has something for everyone.(在这里，我们挑选的英国最奇怪的博物馆适合每个人)”结合文章主要介绍的是英国的四个奇妙博物馆，向游客们推荐适合的旅游地点。由此推知，文章可能出自于一本旅游指南。故选C。
B
Holly, my wife, cannot cook. She is capable of the process of cooking, but she cannot cook in the same way that an octopus (章鱼) cannot ride a bike.
One time, I walked into the kitchen to find Holly making toast. I generally feel safe eating toast that Holly has made because it boasts nothing but few steps. But this toast was a bit thin and tough.
“It’s a bit thin and tough,” I said. “What bread is this?”
“It’s the same bread we always have,” Holly said, pointing to the bag.
“Oh, my God!” I cried. “It has a best-by date of January 2009.”
“It was in the freezer,” Holly said. “The best-by date doesn’t count if the product is frozen.”
“But still there is a limit for frozen food,” I responded holding up a slice of bread which felt like a stone.
“No, there isn’t,” she replied. “I once saw a show where scientists found a rare animal frozen in ice for millions of years. They melted it, cooked it, and ate it.”
“That is why it is called a show,” I cried.
“You never appreciate anything I do,” replied Holly.
“That’s not true,” I said. “I appreciate everything you do. You’re a beautiful, kind, thoughtful person. But if I ordered a hamburger at McDonald’s and they handed it to me, saying, “Sorry, it was a bit tough because the bread had been stored for nearly 10 years,” I would assume there was something wrong with the restaurant staff.”
“It would probably be good with me,” responded Holly, holding out her hands. “But you would never know whether the guy at McDonald’s spent an hour in the kitchen making it for you and burned his thumb on a pan.”
“Fine,” I sighed, raising it to my mouth. “I’ll taste it. Taking the brown and yellow bread, I had a strong burning feeling like having a mouthful of red ants. I swallowed with effort as my eyes began to water.
“Yes,” said Holly. “We were out of cream, so I used pepper from Sichuan, China instead.”
4. Why does the author feel safe eating toast made by his wife?
A. Because his wife loves him. B. Because his wife once did it well.
C. Because his wife is good at cooking. D. Because the process of making toast is easy.
5. Holly insisted that the bread was eatable because .
A. once the bread was heated, it was safe
B. the bread was within the limit of the date
C. scientists once proved that out date food is healthy
D. she thought that date limit didn’t work on frozen food
6. The toast Holly made was .
A. brown but tasty B. hard and hot
C. soft and sweet D. thick and tough
7. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Holly made great efforts in making toast.
B. Holly can neither ride a bike nor do any cooking.
C. The author was in a bad relationship with his wife.
D. Bread at MacDonald’s is generally stored for a long time.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的妻子不善厨艺，给作者烤的土司又硬又辣，且面包已经过期了的生活趣事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“One time, I walked into the kitchen to find Holly making toast. I generally feel safe eating toast that Holly has made because it boasts nothing but few steps.”（有一次，我走进厨房，发现霍莉在做吐司。我吃霍莉做的吐司通常觉得很安全，因为它只需要几步。）可知，作者吃妻子做的吐司时感到安全，因为做吐司的过程很简单。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段内容““It was in the freezer,” Holly said. “The best-by date doesn’t count if the product is frozen.””（“它在冰箱里，”霍莉说。“如果产品被冷冻，那么保质期就不算了。”）可知，作者的妻子认为如果产品被冷冻，那么保质期就不算了，由此可知，霍莉坚持说面包是可以吃的，因为她认为对于冷冻食品来说，日期限制不起作用。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段内容““But still there is a limit for frozen food,” I responded holding up a slice of bread which felt like a stone.”（“但冷冻食品还是有限制的，”我举起一片感觉像石头的面包回应道。）可知，面包像石头一样，由此可知，面包很硬；根据最后一段内容““Yes,” said Holly. “We were out of cream, so I used pepper from Sichuan, China instead.””（“是的，”霍莉说。“我们的奶油用完了，所以我用了中国四川的辣椒。”）可知，面包里放了中国四川的辣椒，很辣，由此可知，霍莉做的吐司是又硬又辣。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第五段内容““You never appreciate anything I do,” replied Holly.”（“你永远不会感激我所做的一切，”霍莉回答。）可知，霍莉为丈夫做了很多，但她认为丈夫并不感激，所以感到难过，由此可推断出，霍莉在烤面包时下了很大的功夫。故选A项。
C
When it comes to reading, we may be assuming that reading for knowledge is the best reason to pick up a book. Research, however, suggests that reading fiction may provide far more important benefits than nonfiction. It may be one of the best methods for building empathy (同理心), critical thinking and creativity.
High-level business leaders have long enthusiastically praised the virtues of reading. But they almost always recommend nonfiction. Reading nonfiction might certainly be valuable for collecting knowledge. However, research suggests that reading fiction predicts a sharper ability to understand other people’s motivations.
In addition, research suggests that reading literary fiction is an effective way to improve the brain’s ability to keep an open mind while processing information, a necessary skill for effective decision-making. In a 2013 study, researchers examined something called the need for cognitive closure (认知闭合), or the desire to “reach a quick conclusion in decision-making and an aversion to uncertainty and confusion”. Individuals with a strong need for cognitive closure rely heavily on “early information hints”, meaning they struggle to change their minds as new information becomes available. A high need for cognitive closure also means individuals are attracted to smaller bits of information and fewer viewpoints. Individuals who resist the need for cognitive closure tend to be more thoughtful, more creative, and more comfortable with competing narratives — all characteristics of high emotional intelligence.
University of Toronto researchers discovered that individuals in their study who read short stories (as opposed to essays) demonstrated a lower need for cognitive closure. That result is not surprising given that reading literature requires us to slowdown, take in volumes of information, and then change our minds as we read. There’s no easy answer in literature. Instead, there’s only perspective-taking. As readers, we’ll almost certainly find Lolita’s narrator Humbert Humbert hateful, but we are forced to experience how he thinks, a valuable exercise for decreasing our need for cognitive closure.
8. What does the second paragraph suggest about reading fiction?
A. It can’t help us to keep motivated. B. It helps us to gather knowledge.
C. It helps us to improve reading skills. D. It helps us to better understand others.
9. What is the most possible meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 3?
A. Amazement. B. Desire. C. Dislike. D. Need.
10. What do we know about people with a high need for cognitive closure?
A. They are unwilling to accept new things.
B. They rely a little on the help of others.
C. They are happy to accept new knowledge.
D. They are in no hurry to draw conclusions.
11. What is the advantage of reading fiction according to the text?
A. It can hardly change our mind.
B. It can improve emotional intelligence.
C. It can increase the need for cognitive closure.
D. It can add the ability of literature appreciation.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，阅读小说可能比阅读非小说提供更重要的好处。这可能是培养同理心、批判性思维和创造力的最佳方法之一。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“High-level business leaders have long enthusiastically praised the virtues of reading. But they almost always recommend nonfiction. Reading nonfiction might certainly be valuable for collecting knowledge. However, research suggests that reading fiction predicts a sharper ability to understand other people’s motivations.(高层商业领袖长期以来一直热情地赞扬阅读的好处。但他们几乎总是推荐非小说类作品。阅读非小说类书籍对于收集知识无疑是有价值的。然而，研究表明，阅读小说预示着更强的理解他人动机的能力)”可知，阅读小说预示着更强的理解他人动机的能力，即阅读小说有助于让人们更好地理解他人。故选D项。
2. 词句猜测题。根据划线单词前面的“the desire to “reach a quick conclusion in decision-making(“在决策中迅速得出结论”的愿望)”和划线单词后面的“uncertainty and confusion(不确定性和混乱)”可知，有认知闭合需求的人肯定厌恶不确定性和混乱。由此可知，划线单词aversion的意义为“厌恶，憎恶”，与dislike意义一致。故选C项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第三段第三、四句“Individuals with a strong need for cognitive closure rely heavily on “early information hints”, meaning they struggle to change their minds as new information becomes available. A high need for cognitive closure also means individuals are attracted to smaller bits of information and fewer viewpoints.(对认知封闭有强烈需求的人严重依赖“早期信息暗示”，这意味着当新信息出现时，他们很难改变自己的想法。对认知封闭的高度需求也意味着个人会被更小的信息和更少的观点所吸引)”可知，对认知闭合有强烈需求的人，严重依赖“早期信息提示”当面对新信息时，他们难以改变自己的思想由此推知，他们也更倾向于获得更少的信息与观点，即他们不大情愿接受新生事物。故选A项。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Research, however, suggests that reading fiction may provide far more important benefits than nonfiction. It may be one of the best methods for building empathy (同理心), critical thinking and creativity.（然而，研究表明，阅读小说可能比阅读非小说提供更重要的好处。这可能是培养同理心、批判性思维和创造力的最佳方法之一）”以及第三段最后一句“Individuals who resist the need for cognitive closure tend to be more thoughtful, more creative, and more comfortable with competing narratives — all characteristics of high emotional intelligence.(那些不需要认知封闭的人往往更深思熟虑，更有创造力，更能适应相互竞争的叙述——这些都是高情商的特征)”可知，认知闭合需求低的人往往具有高情商的性格特征，如更有同理心、更有创造力、更乐于接受自相矛盾的说辞。又根据最后一段最后一句“As readers, we’ll almost certainly find Lolita’s narrator Humbert Humbert hateful, but we are forced to experience how he thinks, a valuable exercise for decreasing our need for cognitive closure.(作为读者，我们几乎肯定会觉得《洛丽塔》的叙述者亨伯特·亨伯特可恨，但我们被迫体验他的思考方式，这是减少我们对认知封闭需求的宝贵练习)”可知，在人们阅读像《洛丽塔》这样的小说作品时，会被迫体验叙事者的思维方式，这能减少人们对认知闭合的需求。由此推知，阅读小说作品既然能减少我们对认知闭合的需求，那么反过来它就能够培养、提高我们的情商。故选B项。
D
Along the rocky Algerian coast, just east of where the bulky shape of Mount Chenoua slides into the Mediterranean, the sea and indifference may finally do what the Vandals did not. There, for more than 2, 500 years, has stood Tipasa. It is considered as one of the most important archaeological sites in North Africa.
Tipasa fell into ruin in the sixth century. Both its main complex on the coast and an inland monumental tomb were all but forgotten in the olive trees and thin pines. Most of the ancient city, in fact, remains buried beneath sediment(沉积物) upto12 feet thick. For the last few decades, however, what’s left of Tip as a’s past has been increasingly surrounded by the expanding modern town of Tipasa from three sides. And to the north, the waves lap ever closer.
“What’s special about Tipasa, a UNESCO-recognized World Heritage Site since 1982, is the charm of its landscape, the shared presence of history and archaeology, culture, nature, and architecture. It’s the spirit of the place,” said Lynda Aoudia Benali who has studied Tipasa and the ongoing challenges from both rapid urbanization and insufficient Site management.
Now, Tipasa is entering a new chapter, perhaps its last: It’s become a symbol of an entire continent’s heritage in crisis. Recently, a team reported the results of hard work mapping how sea level rise is affecting nearly 300 World Heritage Sites around Africa’s roughly 20, 000 miles of coastline. About 20 percent of the sites examined, including Tipasa, are already at higher risk from flooding and erosion(腐蚀). By 2050 that figure is expected to more than twice.
The Site’s 2lst-century problems have only increased in the last two decades. UNESCO has repeatedly threatened to remove the site of World Heritage status. As recently as 2021, the organization noted a lot of problems at Tipasa, such as modern construct on, including a proposed port, which threatened the site’s integrity.
12. What can we know about Tipasa?
A. It was built one thousand years ago.
B It is the most important archeological site in Africa.
C. It is considered as a well-known tourist attraction.
D. It suffered complete damage in the sixth century.
13. What can we infer from Lynda Aoudia Benali’s words in Paragraph 3?
A. Tipasa has its unique characteristics.
B. Tipasa has experienced quick development.
C. Tipasa became a World Heritage Site in the 1990s.
D. Tipasa has been paid much attention to for its management.
14. What puts Tipasa at a higher risk according to the passage?
A. The over development. B. The abundant tourists.
C. The natural disasters. D. The severe pollution.
15. What will most probably happen to Tipasa?
A. Its modern construction will be completely stopped.
B. Its problems have been solved.
C. Its effects of climate change will be avoided.
D. Its World Heritage status is under threat.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于阿尔及利亚的Tipasa世界遗产以及它未来面临着很多不确定性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Tipasa fell into ruin in the Sixth century(蒂帕萨在六世纪陷入废墟)”可知，Tipasa在六世纪陷入废墟。从而可知，Tipasa在六世纪时遭到了彻底的破坏。故选D 。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““What’s special about Tipasa, a UNESCO-recognized World Heritage Site since 1982, is the charm of its landscape, the shared presence of history and archaeology, culture, nature, and architecture. It’s the spirit of the place,” said Lynda Aoudia Benali who has studied Tipasa and the ongoing challenges from both rapid urbanization and insufficient Site management.(Lynda Aoudia Benali说：“蒂帕萨自1982年以来一直是联合国教科文组织认可的世界遗产，其独特之处在于其景观的魅力，历史和考古、文化、自然和建筑的共同存在。这就是这个地方的精神。”她研究了蒂帕萨以及快速城市化和遗址管理不足带来的持续挑战)”可知，Tipasa自1982年起就被联合国教科文组织指定为世界遗产，其独特之处在于其优美的景观，它的历史、古迹、文化、自然和建筑共同存在。这就是这个地方的精神所在。从而可推断出，Tipasa有独一无二的特征。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段倒数第二句话“About 20 percent of the Sites examined, including Tipasa, are already at heightened risk from flooding and erosion.(包括蒂帕萨在内的约20%的被调查地点已经面临更高的洪水和侵蚀风险)”可知，包括Tipasa在内，约20％的被调查地点已经面临自然灾害洪水和侵蚀的高风险。故选C 。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句话“UNESCO has repeatedly threatened to remove the site of World Heritage status.(联合国教科文组织多次威胁要取消该遗址的世界遗产地位)”可知，联合国教科文组织曾多次威胁要剥夺该遗址的世界遗产地位。故选D。
第二节(共5小节;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’ve ever kept a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then the chances are good that these same people have kept secrets from you. Not all of them, and not at every moment___16___.
The hard part of having a secret is not that you have to hide it, but that you have to live with it. So even if you do have fears and worries, know that the research shows people react more positively to disclosures (吐露秘密) than we often imagine. It might take a dash of courage to reveal something sensitive.___17___If you are in the middle of a social interaction that makes you feel comfortable and open, then recognize the door is open to disclosure, too.
You could shout your secret in a forest where there is nobody around to hear it, but just like the leaves that nobody hears falling.___18___. When people reveal secrets to others, they are often looking for help, and often seek out the people who prove most helpful.
Another person can offer you two different kinds of help: emotional support and practical support If you can find someone you feel comfortable opening up to, they are likely to give you one, even if not both kinds. They might express sympathy or empathy, or share with you a similar struggle they have overcome.___19___The harmful cycle of negative thinking is easier to break when we bring others in.
If you are currently keeping a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then you probably have at least one more secret than you need. Chances are that there is at least one secret from others that you don’t know, and this is one more reason to share what’s on your mind with others.___20___
A. but here are some tips for you to know their secrets.
B. When you open up to others, others will open up to you.
C. but some of them some of the time.
D. But when you take the risk, your friend will recognize this and appreciate it.
E. Other people can offer positive perspectives, guidance, and advice.
F. A disclosure with no receiver is barely a closure at all.
G. They still hide their own secrets.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何处理自己的秘密以及寻求帮助。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Not all of them, and not at every moment(不是所有人，也不是每时每刻)”提到，并非所有人都如此，也并非时时刻刻都有秘密，可知，每个人总会有些时刻是有秘密的，故选项C“but some of them some of the time(不过总会有人那么一些人，有那么一些时刻，是有秘密的)”在语意上衔接恰当，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“It might take a dash of courage to reveal something sensitive.(透露一些敏感的东西可能需要一点勇气)”以及后文“If you are in the middle of a social interaction that makes you feel comfortable and open, then recognize the door is open to disclosure, too.(如果你正处于一种让你感到舒适和开放的社交互动中，那么你要意识到，这扇门也向你敞开了)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出和朋友袒露心声的好处，故选项D“但是当你冒这个险的时候，你的朋友会意识到并感激你的”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据上文“You could shout your secret in a forest where there is nobody around to hear it, but just like the leaves that nobody hears falling.(你可以在没有人听到的森林里大声说出你的秘密，但就像没有人听到树叶飘落一样)”以及后文“When people reveal secrets to others, they are often looking for help, and often seek out the people who prove most helpful.(当人们向别人透露秘密时，他们往往是在寻求帮助，而且往往是寻找那些被证明最有帮助的人)”可知，本句承接上文说明在森林里大声说出秘密的做法的意义：没有倾听对象的吐露秘密，根本就不是吐露秘密。故选项F“没有倾听对象的吐露秘密，根本就不是吐露秘密”符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据后文“The harmful cycle of negative thinking is easier to break when we bring others in.(当我们寻求他人帮助时，消极思维的恶性循环更容易被打破)”可知，后文提到了寻求他人帮助时，消极思维的恶性循环更容易被打破，说明本句是在强调他人可以给予积极的观点和建议，故E选项“别人也能为你提供积极的观点、引导和建议”符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If you are currently keeping a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then you probably have at least one more secret than you need. Chances are that there is at least one secret from others that you don’t know, and this is one more reason to share what’s on your mind with others.(如果你现在对朋友、家人或恋人有秘密，那么你可能至少有一个比你需要的多的秘密。很有可能至少有一个你不知道的秘密，这是一个与他人分享你的想法的理由)”可知，本句为最后一段最后一句，应对上文进行总结，故选项B“当你向别人敞开心扉时，别人也会对你激开心扉”符合语境。故选 B。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完型填空(共15题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳位置，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。
Instead of being a pacing-uptime, winter is a locking-downtime. Winter frees us in all sorts of ways.
I once had a neighbor named Earl. An old-timer and a self-made man, he ___21___ told me stories about Maine winters in the past. He suggested he had ___22___ the ice age. He backed up his old stories with ___23___ of old black-and-white photographs of heavy snowstorms that piled up to second-floor windows and completely ___24___ cars.
And I’ll never ___25___ what he said as an end to one of his stories, “A man couldn’t get much done once the snow came.” So what did he do once the snow came? He spent a great deal of time ___26___ to home and hearth, where he ___27___ the woodstove, sat with his wife, made pots of coffee, and read by the fire.
As I write these words I occasionally raise my head to ___28___ the window at the woodpile stacked(堆), the garden harvested, the apple tree ___29___, the lawn mowed, and the bicycle shed newly roofed.
As I tended to all those things, when did I have time to ____30____?
Some years ago a friend sent me a quote by Socrates that I try to be mindful of: Beware the fruitlessness of a ____31____ life.
The advice ____32____ me to look forward to the coming of winter, because I’ve finally learned that it is a slowing-downtime, a gift of rest, a(n) ____33____ to acknowledge that most of the outdoor work that could be done has been done.
A friend of mine who lives in the Southeast recently called. In the course of our ____34____ he celebrated the climate where he lives, which ____35____ him to work outside year-round. “I’m always on the go.” he told me.
But I think I need a good time of winter.
21. A. gradually B. excitedly C. angrily D. unwillingly
22. A. struggled B. explored C. survived D. celebrated
23. A. laughter B. evidence C. expectation D. patience
24. A. buried B. struck C. destroyed D. supported
25. A. realize B. forget C. recall D. learn
26. A. designing B. improving C. fixing D. tending
27. A. bought B. controlled C. built D. filled
28. A. look at B. watch over C. glance out D. glare at
29. A. picked B. cut C. planted D. fell
30. A. settle B. arrange C. work D. breathe
31. A. busy B. happy C. creative D. special
32. A. demanded B. taught C. appointed D. assisted
33. A. amazement B. surroundings C. opportunity D. ability
34. A. convenience B. appearance C. contribution D. conversation
35. A. employs B. forces C. enables D. saves
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者认为冬天应该是一个休息的时间，不能天天总是忙着工作，还要有生活。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他是个老古董，白手起家，兴奋地给我讲缅因州过去冬天的故事。A. gradually渐渐地；B. excitedly兴奋地；C. angrily生气地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据上文“An old-timer and a self-made man”可知，Earl是个老古董，白手起家，所以他会兴奋地给作者讲述他自己以前的故事。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他暗示自己挺过了冰河时期。A. struggled挣扎；B. explored探索；C. survived存活；D. celebrated庆祝。根据下文“He backed up his old stories with ___3___ of old black-and-white photographs of heavy snowstorms that piled up to second-floor windows and completely ___4___ cars.”可知，这里应该是指Earl经历了冰河时期，还存活了下来。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他用旧的黑白照片作为证据来支持他的旧故事，这些照片显示，大雪堆积在二楼的窗户上，汽车被完全掩埋。A. laughter笑声；B. evidence证据；C. expectation期待；D. patience耐心。根据下文“old black-and-white photographs of heavy snowstorms”可知，这些旧的黑白照片应该是作为证据来支持他的旧故事。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. buried埋；B. struck罢工；C. destroyed毁坏；D. supported支持。根据上文“heavy snowstorms that piled up to second-floor windows”可知，雪下的很大，都堆积在二楼的窗户上了，所以汽车应该是被完全被掩埋在雪下面了。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记他在结束他的一个故事时所说的话，“一个人一旦下雪就不能做很多事情。”A. realize意识到；B. forget忘记；C. recall回忆；D. learn学习。根据下文“A man couldn’t get much done once the snow came.”可知，这是作者永远不会忘记Earl曾经说过的话。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他常常花很多时间打理家里和炉灶，在那里他把木炉子装满，和妻子坐在一起，煮了几壶咖啡，在炉火旁看书。A. designing设计；B. improving改进；C. fixing安装；D. tending倾向于、往往。根据上文“He spent a great deal of time”可知，Earl应该是常常会花时间打理他的家和炉灶。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. bought买；B. controlled控制；C. built建立；D. filled填满。根据下文“by the fire”可知，要在炉子旁边烤火，说明要先把炉子里面装满木材。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我写下这些话时，我偶尔会抬起头，瞥一眼窗外堆放的木桩、收割的花园、采摘的苹果树、修剪的草坪和新盖的自行车棚。A. look at看见；B. watch over看管；C. glance out瞥一眼；D. glare at怒目。根据下文“the window at the woodpile stacked(堆), the garden harvested, the apple tree ___9___, the lawn mowed, and the bicycle shed newly roofed.”可知，这是作者抬起头会瞥见的东西。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. picked摘；B. cut切；C. planted种植；D. fell掉下。根据上文“the apple tree”可知，苹果树上结了果子可以采摘。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我处理所有这些事情时，我什么时候有时间呼吸？A. settle定居；B. arrange安排；C. work工作；D. breathe呼吸。根据下文“Beware the fruitlessness of a ___11___ life.”可知，作者是在问自己：每天都很忙，什么时候可以有时间放松一下。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几年前，一位朋友给我发了一句苏格拉底的名言，他要我尽力注意：小心忙碌生活的徒劳。A. busy忙的；B. happy高兴的；C. creative有创造力的；D. special特别的。根据下文“I’ve finally learned that it is a slowing-downtime, a gift of rest, a(n) ___13___ to acknowledge that most of the outdoor work that could be done has been done.”可知，作者的朋友应该是提醒他不要天天只顾着忙。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个建议教会了我期待冬天的到来，因为我终于明白，这是一个缓慢的停工期，是一份休息的礼物，是一个承认大部分户外工作已经完成的机会。A. demanded要求；B. taught教；C. appointed约定；D. assisted帮助。根据下文“I’ve finally learned that it is a slowing-downtime, a gift of rest, a(n) ___13___ to acknowledge that most of the outdoor work that could be done has been done.”可知，这是作者朋友的建议教给作者体会到的感悟。故选B。
33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. amazement吃惊；B. surroundings环境；C. opportunity机会；D. ability能力。根据下文“to acknowledge that most of the outdoor work that could be done has been done”可知，这是指作者领悟到冬天是一个承认大部分户外工作已经完成的机会。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们的谈话中，他庆祝了他居住的气候，这使他全年都能在户外工作。A. convenience便利；B. appearance出现；C. contribution贡献；D. conversation谈话。根据上文“A friend of mine who lives in the Southeast recently called.”可知，作者的朋友给他打电话了，所以他们要有谈话。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. employs雇佣；B. forces强迫；C. enables使能够；D. saves挽救。根据下文““I’m always on the go.” he told me.”可知，作者的这位朋友每天都很忙，所以他所在的地方的气候应该是能够使得他全年都能在户外工作。故选C。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The very ancient poetry that ___36___(write) a thousand or more years ago was simpler and about common things like love, romance and nature that people appreciate. Though much poetry was created in the eras following the Song dynasty, it is thought that the poets became increasingly___37___(academy) and hard to understand so that modern Chinese can’t appreciate the style and meaning.
For foreigners, ancient Chinese poetry___38___(be) more difficult ___39___(comprehend) .One of the reasons is the nature of Chinese characters___40___(they).Often one character has many meanings, ___41___makes the translation of Chinese into English a key part of reading and understanding Chinese poetry. Put simply, good translation is essential to___42___(full) understand Chinese poems.
Another point worth___43___(notice) about ancient Chinese poetry is that it is influenced by Confucian and Taoist thinking. Ancient Chinese poetry has a focus of friendship besides love or being___44___lover. Friendships, to the village, the community, the country or your drinking friends are dominant themes. The poets’ main task seems to be just writing poetry, because a life as a poet is an important thing. In this respect, Chinese poetry is all____45____the poet, the “meaning” for the poet and not what is happening around the poet.
【答案】36 was written
37. academic
38. is 39. to comprehend
40. themselves
41. which 42. fully
43. noticing
44. a 45. about
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国古代的诗歌。
【36题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：一千多年前写的古诗更简单，写的是人们喜欢的爱情、浪漫和自然等常见的东西。The very ancient poetry是先行词，其中poetry是不可数名词，在后面that引导的限制性定语从句中作主语，和谓语动词write之间是被动关系，再根据时间状语a thousand or more years ago可知，从句用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was written。
【37题详解】
考查形容词作表语。句意：尽管宋朝之后的时代创作了许多诗歌，但人们认为诗人变得越来越学术化，难以理解，以至于现代中国人无法欣赏其风格和意义。句中became是连系动词，意为“变成，变得”，后面跟形容词作表语，所给词academy是名词，其形容词是academic，意为“学业的，学术的”。故填academic。
【38题详解】
考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：对于外国人来说，中国古诗更难理解。该句在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且句子主语poetry是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
【39题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：对于外国人来说，中国古诗更难理解。固定句型：主语+be+形容词（hard/pleasant/easy/comfortable…）+动词不定式，其中句子的主语就是动词不定式的宾语，且主动表示被动。故填to comprehend。
【40题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：其中一个原因是汉字本身的性质。此处是反身代词作the nature of Chinese characters的同位语。故填themselves。
【41题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：一个汉字往往有多种含义，这使得汉译英成为阅读和理解中国诗歌的关键部分。前面整个句子作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，非限制性定语从句由关系代词的which引导。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：简而言之，好的翻译是充分理解中国诗歌的必要条件。空后understand是动词，由副词修饰，所给词full是形容词，其副词是fully。故填fully。
【43题详解】
考查动词-ing形式。句意：中国古代诗歌的另一个值得注意的地方是，它受到儒家和道家思想的影响。固定搭配：be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，其中动名词作宾语。故填noticing。
【44题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：除了爱情和爱人，中国古诗还关注友谊。此处指“一个爱人”，lover是以辅音音素开头的词，前面加a表示“一”。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：在这方面，中国诗歌是关于诗人的，关于诗人的“意义”，而不是关于诗人周围发生的事情。设空处应该填介词，意为“关于”。故填about。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你所在的学校将组织“中国乡村文化之旅”研学活动，你的留学生同学Jenkins对中国乡土文化和本次活动安排很感兴趣，请你用英语给他写封电子邮件，告之相关内容：
1.活动安排(时间，地点等)；
2.活动流程(参观，交流等)；
3.活动要求等。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jenkins,
I’m delighted to tell you about a school activity, named The Travel of Chinese Countryside Culture. The details are as follows.
To have an extensive knowledge of the culture of Chinese Countryside, the 5-day tour will include two parts. We’ll visit the beautiful pastoral scenery and experience real life on the farm. Besides, we will call on some local residents at their homes. For safety purpose, all the participants should be at least 18, and at the same time they should be strong enough for the changeable weather and the long journey.
If you want to enter for it, you can contact the Student Union either by email or telephone. Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生同学Jenkins写信，告知学校将组织的“中国乡村文化之旅”研学活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→happy
广泛的：extensive→wide
此外：besides→in addition
报名参加：enter for→sign up for
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m delighted to tell you about a school activity, named The Travel of Chinese Countryside Culture.
拓展句：I’m delighted to tell you about a school activity, which is named The Travel of Chinese Countryside Culture.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To have an knowledge of the culture of Chinese Countryside, the 5-day tour will include two parts.（由动词不定式短语作目的状语）
【高分句型2】If you want to enter for it, you can contact the Student Union either by email or telephone.（由If引导的条件状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给的段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Alexis Langlois, who manages a large farm, heard her neighbor crazily knocking on her front door on a Monday afternoon.
“There’s an emergency”, Amber Countryman yelled. “The horses are stuck in the water.” Langlois was struck with “absolute panic”. She threw on her winter boots — without socks — and rushed toward the small pond on the 80-acre property. She was surprised by what she saw: four horses were in the water up to their necks in10 feet of ice water.
She immediately called 911.While waiting for help to arrive, “people just started showing up,” she said. “Neighbors were pouring in. People came with ropes, chainsaws, shovels and pick axes.”
“I grabbed a bunch of supplies,” said Countryman, whose two teenagers and their friend also as sited with the effort.
“It was-8℃that day,” she said, adding that she brought out handwarmers and water for the helpers.
Everyone was determined to get the horses out of the pond — which is about 15feetwide.
Beneath a six-inch layer of ice, the water was “just barely above freezing”, said Chris Yerkes, the South Kalispell Fire Department chief who rushed to the pond with about a dozen volunteer personnel.
When the firefighters arrived, neighbors had already attempted to pave a path through the ice toward the edge of the pond using pick axes, sledgehammers and shovels, and “we continued with that effort.” Yerkes said. Unfortunately, “as we got closer to the edge, we realized there was about three to four inches of mud.”
The thick layer of mud — which the rescuers couldn’t cut through — blocked the horses from climbing out. Firefighters enlisted additional support from Flathead County Animal Control, as well as staff from local equestrian organization Rebecca Farm.
“There had to have been at least 60 people here,” Langlois said. “It was very swift action on everybody’s part.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1
It took nearly two hours to find a workable solution that could bring all four horses to safety.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
To get the horses out, they used a powerful tractor (拖拉机) to get the animals out of the mud and ropes to pull them over the edge.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
It took nearly two hours to find a workable solution that could bring all four horses to safety. It was a process of trial and error that required a few firefighters to slip into the cold water to tie belts under the chests of the horses. The scene was chaotic, and everyone was panicky. Eventually emergency responders secured a rope around the first horse. The method worked, and the first horse was saved.
To get the horses out, they used a powerful tractor to get the animals out of the mud and ropes to pull them over the edge. Using the same method but with a more powerful tractor, they saved the remaining three horses, one by one. The effort took a total of about three hours. Despite being chilled and startled, all four horses seemed healthy.
【解析】
【导语】本文以故事发展为线索展开。周一下午，Alexis Langlois的四匹马被困在水塘里了，她拨打了911后等待救援。邻居们也都来了，带来了绳子、链锯、铲子和镐。每个人都决心把马就出来。很快，消防队员来了，和邻居们一起把马救了出来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“花了将近两个小时才找到一个可行的解决方案，使四匹马都安全。”可知，第一段可描写救援过程的艰难以及怎么找到有效办法救出第一匹马。
②由第二段首句内容“为了把马弄出来，他们用一辆马力强大的拖拉机把马从泥里拖出来，用绳子把它们拉到边缘。”可知，第二段可描写他们用同样的办法救出其余三匹马。
2.续写线索：马被困水塘——拨打911求助——邻居们来帮忙——消防队员到来——实施救援——四匹马得救
3.词汇激活
行为类
①滑倒：slip/slide
②系，栓：tie/attach
③拉，拖：pull/draw/drag
情绪类
①恐慌的：panicky/terrified
②受惊吓的：startled/frightened
【点睛】[高分句型1] It took nearly two hours to find a workable solution that could bring all four horses to safety.（由关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] Using the same method but with a more powerful tractor, they saved the remaining three horses, one by one.（运用现在分词作状语）
听力答案：1—5 ACABB 6—10 CBBAC 11—15 CAABC 16—20 CBACB
2022-2023学年度下学期期末考试
高一英语试卷
试卷满分：150分
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man probably do for the woman?
A. Help her with math. B. Ask for leave for her. C. Take her to the hospital.
2. What does the man want Mamie to do?
A. Drink some coffee. B. Do her homework. C. Take a break.
3. Where are most of Osborn’s classmates from?
A. The US. B. Canada. C. Britain.
4. What flowers are in the vase?
A. Sunflowers. B. Lilies. C. Roses.
5. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. A house. B. A picture. C. A gallery.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman expect the man to do?
A. Play games with Ted. B. Put away toys. C. Walk the dog.
7. Where is Simon?
A In the bedroom. B. In the yard. C. On the football court.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. When does the boy plan to get up tomorrow?
A. At 8: 00 a.m. B. At 8:30 a.m. C. At 10: 00 a.m.
9. What will the woman do tomorrow?
A. Attend a conference. B. Wake the boy up. C. Go to the zoo.
10. With whom will the boy have dinner tomorrow?
A. His father. B. His uncle. C. The woman.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the man buy gifts today?
A. For a graduation ceremony. B. For a wedding. C. For an anniversary.
12. What will the man buy?
A. The white gold earrings. B. The diamond earrings. C. The yellow gold ring.
13. How much does the man need to pay?
A. $2,000. B. $2,200. C. $3, 000.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the woman talking about at first?
A. Cooking. B. A storyline. C. Her mother.
15. How does the man feel about Alice’s behavior?
A. Understanding. B. Worried. C.Confused.
16. What is the woman going to do tomorrow?
A. Bring the man a book. B. Take a helicopter. C. Go to a club.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where does the speaker live?
A. In China. B. In Pakistan. C. In South Africa.
18. What did the local tour guide teach the speaker to do?
A. Avoid altitude sickness.
B. Keep himself warm.
C. Renta suitable car.
19. What do we know about the cash machine?
A. People aren’t allowed to take photos of it.
B. It can’t be used to pay electricity bills.
C. It set a Guinness World Record.
20. Who is Atiya Saeed?
A.A student. B. A teacher. C. A photographer.
第二部分 阅读理解(共20题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5)
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上讲该选项涂黑。
A
Here, our selection of Britain’s strangest museums has something for everyone.
Glasgow Riverside Transport Museum
The museum houses steam engines, motorbikes, Glasgow buses and just about anything else that has a set of wheels, wings or sails. For those not in love with transport, there’s a copy of a 19th-century Glasgow street with traditional shops and an old subway station.
Entrance is free and for children of all ages.
The Natural History Museum, Hertfordshire
The Victorians were mad about collecting, and this is essentially the personal collection of just one home-educated boy, which began when he was five years old. But as a member of the Rothschild family, Walter to ok40yearstodoit. There’s just about every stuffed animal you could ever imagine, and quite a few you couldn’t: a polar bear; George, a mandrill (山魁) from London Zoo; a four-ton elephant seal; and some 80 kinds of dog.
Entrance is free.
The Pencil Museum, Cumbria
It is a museum all about the history of the everyday pencil. There are free daily artists’ demonstrations and workshops, so you can enter from one end of the museum and go out with a drawing from another end. The lovely Lake District location adds to the experience and the wonderful shop is especially enjoyable for stationery lovers.
Entrance: adults £ 4.25, children £ 3.25.
The Time Machine Museum of Science Fiction, Hertfordshire
This is the result of 30 years of crazy collecting by Andy Glazzard. There are artworks from sci-fi classics, but most of the museum artworks center Of Doctor Who.
Entrance: adults £ 8, children £ 6.
1. Which museum will you visit if your child is interested in the materials for writing?
A. The Pencil Museum Cumbria.
B. Glasgow Riverside transport Museum.
C. The Natural History Museum, Hertfordshire.
D. The Time Machine Museum of Science Fiction, Hertfordshire.
2. What did Walter and Andy Glazzard have in common?
A. They were both adventurous. B. They were both fond of nature.
C. They both liked collecting things. D. They both liked to have demonstrations.
3. Where does this passage probably come from?
A. A news report. B. A novel website.
C. A travel guidebook. D. A magazine on animals.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国的四个奇妙博物馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 The Pencil Museum, Cumbria部分中“The lovely Lake District location adds to the experience and the wonderful shop is especially enjoyable for stationery lovers.(可爱的湖区位置增加了体验，这家奇妙的商店特别适合文具爱好者)”可知，对文具感兴趣的小孩会选择参观铅笔博物馆，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Natural History Museum, Hertfordshire部分中“The Victorians were mad about collecting, and this is essentially the personal collection of just one home-educated boy, which began when he was five years old. But as a member of the Rothschild family, Walter to ok40yearstodoit.(维多利亚时代的人对收藏很着迷，这基本上是一个在家接受教育的男孩的个人收藏，从他五岁开始。但作为罗斯柴尔德家族的一员，沃尔特40年前就开始这么做了)”以及The Time Machine Museum of Science Fiction, Hertfordshire部分中“This is the result of 30 years of crazy collecting by Andy Glazzard.(这是Andy Glazzard 30年来疯狂收藏的结果)”可知，他们都热爱收藏。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Here, our selection of Britain’s strangest museums has something for everyone.(在这里，我们挑选的英国最奇怪的博物馆适合每个人)”结合文章主要介绍的是英国的四个奇妙博物馆，向游客们推荐适合的旅游地点。由此推知，文章可能出自于一本旅游指南。故选C。
B
Holly, my wife, cannot cook. She is capable of the process of cooking, but she cannot cook in the same way that an octopus (章鱼) cannot ride a bike.
One time, I walked into the kitchen to find Holly making toast. I generally feel safe eating toast that Holly has made because it boasts nothing but few steps. But this toast was a bit thin and tough.
“It’s a bit thin and tough,” I said. “What bread is this?”
“It’s the same bread we always have,” Holly said, pointing to the bag.
“Oh, my God!” I cried. “It has a best-by date of January 2009.”
“It was in the freezer,” Holly said. “The best-by date doesn’t count if the product is frozen.”
“But still there is a limit for frozen food,” I responded holding up a slice of bread which felt like a stone.
“No, there isn’t,” she replied. “I once saw a show where scientists found a rare animal frozen in ice for millions of years. They melted it, cooked it, and ate it.”
“That is why it is called a show,” I cried.
“You never appreciate anything I do,” replied Holly.
“That’s not true,” I said. “I appreciate everything you do. You’re a beautiful, kind, thoughtful person. But if I ordered a hamburger at McDonald’s and they handed it to me, saying, “Sorry, it was a bit tough because the bread had been stored for nearly 10 years,” I would assume there was something wrong with the restaurant staff.”
“It would probably be good with me,” responded Holly, holding out her hands. “But you would never know whether the guy at McDonald’s spent an hour in the kitchen making it for you and burned his thumb on a pan.”
“Fine,” I sighed, raising it to my mouth. “I’ll taste it. Taking the brown and yellow bread, I had a strong burning feeling like having a mouthful of red ants. I swallowed with effort as my eyes began to water.
“Yes,” said Holly. “We were out of cream, so I used pepper from Sichuan, China instead.”
4. Why does the author feel safe eating toast made by his wife?
A. Because his wife loves him. B. Because his wife once did it well.
C. Because his wife is good at cooking. D. Because the process of making toast is easy.
5. Holly insisted that the bread was eatable because .
A. once the bread was heated, it was safe
B. the bread was within the limit of the date
C. scientists once proved that out date food is healthy
D. she thought that date limit didn’t work on frozen food
6. The toast Holly made was .
A. brown but tasty B. hard and hot
C. soft and sweet D. thick and tough
7. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Holly made great efforts in making toast.
B. Holly can neither ride a bike nor do any cooking.
C. The author was in a bad relationship with his wife.
D. Bread at MacDonald’s is generally stored for a long time.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的妻子不善厨艺，给作者烤的土司又硬又辣，且面包已经过期了的生活趣事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“One time, I walked into the kitchen to find Holly making toast. I generally feel safe eating toast that Holly has made because it boasts nothing but few steps.”（有一次，我走进厨房，发现霍莉在做吐司。我吃霍莉做的吐司通常觉得很安全，因为它只需要几步。）可知，作者吃妻子做的吐司时感到安全，因为做吐司的过程很简单。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段内容““It was in the freezer,” Holly said. “The best-by date doesn’t count if the product is frozen.””（“它在冰箱里，”霍莉说。“如果产品被冷冻，那么保质期就不算了。”）可知，作者的妻子认为如果产品被冷冻，那么保质期就不算了，由此可知，霍莉坚持说面包是可以吃的，因为她认为对于冷冻食品来说，日期限制不起作用。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段内容““But still there is a limit for frozen food,” I responded holding up a slice of bread which felt like a stone.”（“但冷冻食品还是有限制的，”我举起一片感觉像石头的面包回应道。）可知，面包像石头一样，由此可知，面包很硬；根据最后一段内容““Yes,” said Holly. “We were out of cream, so I used pepper from Sichuan, China instead.””（“是的，”霍莉说。“我们的奶油用完了，所以我用了中国四川的辣椒。”）可知，面包里放了中国四川的辣椒，很辣，由此可知，霍莉做的吐司是又硬又辣。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第五段内容““You never appreciate anything I do,” replied Holly.”（“你永远不会感激我所做的一切，”霍莉回答。）可知，霍莉为丈夫做了很多，但她认为丈夫并不感激，所以感到难过，由此可推断出，霍莉在烤面包时下了很大的功夫。故选A项。
C
When it comes to reading, we may be assuming that reading for knowledge is the best reason to pick up a book. Research, however, suggests that reading fiction may provide far more important benefits than nonfiction. It may be one of the best methods for building empathy (同理心), critical thinking and creativity.
High-level business leaders have long enthusiastically praised the virtues of reading. But they almost always recommend nonfiction. Reading nonfiction might certainly be valuable for collecting knowledge. However, research suggests that reading fiction predicts a sharper ability to understand other people’s motivations.
In addition, research suggests that reading literary fiction is an effective way to improve the brain’s ability to keep an open mind while processing information, a necessary skill for effective decision-making. In a 2013 study, researchers examined something called the need for cognitive closure (认知闭合), or the desire to “reach a quick conclusion in decision-making and an aversion to uncertainty and confusion”. Individuals with a strong need for cognitive closure rely heavily on “early information hints”, meaning they struggle to change their minds as new information becomes available. A high need for cognitive closure also means individuals are attracted to smaller bits of information and fewer viewpoints. Individuals who resist the need for cognitive closure tend to be more thoughtful, more creative, and more comfortable with competing narratives — all characteristics of high emotional intelligence.
University of Toronto researchers discovered that individuals in their study who read short stories (as opposed to essays) demonstrated a lower need for cognitive closure. That result is not surprising given that reading literature requires us to slowdown, take in volumes of information, and then change our minds as we read. There’s no easy answer in literature. Instead, there’s only perspective-taking. As readers, we’ll almost certainly find Lolita’s narrator Humbert Humbert hateful, but we are forced to experience how he thinks, a valuable exercise for decreasing our need for cognitive closure.
8. What does the second paragraph suggest about reading fiction?
A. It can’t help us to keep motivated. B. It helps us to gather knowledge.
C. It helps us to improve reading skills. D. It helps us to better understand others.
9. What is the most possible meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 3?
A. Amazement. B. Desire. C. Dislike. D. Need.
10. What do we know about people with a high need for cognitive closure?
A. They are unwilling to accept new things.
B. They rely a little on the help of others.
C. They are happy to accept new knowledge.
D. They are in no hurry to draw conclusions.
11. What is the advantage of reading fiction according to the text?
A. It can hardly change our mind.
B. It can improve emotional intelligence.
C. It can increase the need for cognitive closure.
D. It can add the ability of literature appreciation.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，阅读小说可能比阅读非小说提供更重要的好处。这可能是培养同理心、批判性思维和创造力的最佳方法之一。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“High-level business leaders have long enthusiastically praised the virtues of reading. But they almost always recommend nonfiction. Reading nonfiction might certainly be valuable for collecting knowledge. However, research suggests that reading fiction predicts a sharper ability to understand other people’s motivations.(高层商业领袖长期以来一直热情地赞扬阅读的好处。但他们几乎总是推荐非小说类作品。阅读非小说类书籍对于收集知识无疑是有价值的。然而，研究表明，阅读小说预示着更强的理解他人动机的能力)”可知，阅读小说预示着更强的理解他人动机的能力，即阅读小说有助于让人们更好地理解他人。故选D项。
2. 词句猜测题。根据划线单词前面的“the desire to “reach a quick conclusion in decision-making(“在决策中迅速得出结论”的愿望)”和划线单词后面的“uncertainty and confusion(不确定性和混乱)”可知，有认知闭合需求的人肯定厌恶不确定性和混乱。由此可知，划线单词aversion的意义为“厌恶，憎恶”，与dislike意义一致。故选C项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第三段第三、四句“Individuals with a strong need for cognitive closure rely heavily on “early information hints”, meaning they struggle to change their minds as new information becomes available. A high need for cognitive closure also means individuals are attracted to smaller bits of information and fewer viewpoints.(对认知封闭有强烈需求的人严重依赖“早期信息暗示”，这意味着当新信息出现时，他们很难改变自己的想法。对认知封闭的高度需求也意味着个人会被更小的信息和更少的观点所吸引)”可知，对认知闭合有强烈需求的人，严重依赖“早期信息提示”当面对新信息时，他们难以改变自己的思想由此推知，他们也更倾向于获得更少的信息与观点，即他们不大情愿接受新生事物。故选A项。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Research, however, suggests that reading fiction may provide far more important benefits than nonfiction. It may be one of the best methods for building empathy (同理心), critical thinking and creativity.（然而，研究表明，阅读小说可能比阅读非小说提供更重要的好处。这可能是培养同理心、批判性思维和创造力的最佳方法之一）”以及第三段最后一句“Individuals who resist the need for cognitive closure tend to be more thoughtful, more creative, and more comfortable with competing narratives — all characteristics of high emotional intelligence.(那些不需要认知封闭的人往往更深思熟虑，更有创造力，更能适应相互竞争的叙述——这些都是高情商的特征)”可知，认知闭合需求低的人往往具有高情商的性格特征，如更有同理心、更有创造力、更乐于接受自相矛盾的说辞。又根据最后一段最后一句“As readers, we’ll almost certainly find Lolita’s narrator Humbert Humbert hateful, but we are forced to experience how he thinks, a valuable exercise for decreasing our need for cognitive closure.(作为读者，我们几乎肯定会觉得《洛丽塔》的叙述者亨伯特·亨伯特可恨，但我们被迫体验他的思考方式，这是减少我们对认知封闭需求的宝贵练习)”可知，在人们阅读像《洛丽塔》这样的小说作品时，会被迫体验叙事者的思维方式，这能减少人们对认知闭合的需求。由此推知，阅读小说作品既然能减少我们对认知闭合的需求，那么反过来它就能够培养、提高我们的情商。故选B项。
D
Along the rocky Algerian coast, just east of where the bulky shape of Mount Chenoua slides into the Mediterranean, the sea and indifference may finally do what the Vandals did not. There, for more than 2, 500 years, has stood Tipasa. It is considered as one of the most important archaeological sites in North Africa.
Tipasa fell into ruin in the sixth century. Both its main complex on the coast and an inland monumental tomb were all but forgotten in the olive trees and thin pines. Most of the ancient city, in fact, remains buried beneath sediment(沉积物) upto12 feet thick. For the last few decades, however, what’s left of Tip as a’s past has been increasingly surrounded by the expanding modern town of Tipasa from three sides. And to the north, the waves lap ever closer.
“What’s special about Tipasa, a UNESCO-recognized World Heritage Site since 1982, is the charm of its landscape, the shared presence of history and archaeology, culture, nature, and architecture. It’s the spirit of the place,” said Lynda Aoudia Benali who has studied Tipasa and the ongoing challenges from both rapid urbanization and insufficient Site management.
Now, Tipasa is entering a new chapter, perhaps its last: It’s become a symbol of an entire continent’s heritage in crisis. Recently, a team reported the results of hard work mapping how sea level rise is affecting nearly 300 World Heritage Sites around Africa’s roughly 20, 000 miles of coastline. About 20 percent of the sites examined, including Tipasa, are already at higher risk from flooding and erosion(腐蚀). By 2050 that figure is expected to more than twice.
The Site’s 2lst-century problems have only increased in the last two decades. UNESCO has repeatedly threatened to remove the site of World Heritage status. As recently as 2021, the organization noted a lot of problems at Tipasa, such as modern construct on, including a proposed port, which threatened the site’s integrity.
12. What can we know about Tipasa?
A. It was built one thousand years ago.
B It is the most important archeological site in Africa.
C. It is considered as a well-known tourist attraction.
D. It suffered complete damage in the sixth century.
13. What can we infer from Lynda Aoudia Benali’s words in Paragraph 3?
A. Tipasa has its unique characteristics.
B. Tipasa has experienced quick development.
C. Tipasa became a World Heritage Site in the 1990s.
D. Tipasa has been paid much attention to for its management.
14. What puts Tipasa at a higher risk according to the passage?
A. The over development. B. The abundant tourists.
C. The natural disasters. D. The severe pollution.
15. What will most probably happen to Tipasa?
A. Its modern construction will be completely stopped.
B. Its problems have been solved.
C. Its effects of climate change will be avoided.
D. Its World Heritage status is under threat.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于阿尔及利亚的Tipasa世界遗产以及它未来面临着很多不确定性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Tipasa fell into ruin in the Sixth century(蒂帕萨在六世纪陷入废墟)”可知，Tipasa在六世纪陷入废墟。从而可知，Tipasa在六世纪时遭到了彻底的破坏。故选D 。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““What’s special about Tipasa, a UNESCO-recognized World Heritage Site since 1982, is the charm of its landscape, the shared presence of history and archaeology, culture, nature, and architecture. It’s the spirit of the place,” said Lynda Aoudia Benali who has studied Tipasa and the ongoing challenges from both rapid urbanization and insufficient Site management.(Lynda Aoudia Benali说：“蒂帕萨自1982年以来一直是联合国教科文组织认可的世界遗产，其独特之处在于其景观的魅力，历史和考古、文化、自然和建筑的共同存在。这就是这个地方的精神。”她研究了蒂帕萨以及快速城市化和遗址管理不足带来的持续挑战)”可知，Tipasa自1982年起就被联合国教科文组织指定为世界遗产，其独特之处在于其优美的景观，它的历史、古迹、文化、自然和建筑共同存在。这就是这个地方的精神所在。从而可推断出，Tipasa有独一无二的特征。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段倒数第二句话“About 20 percent of the Sites examined, including Tipasa, are already at heightened risk from flooding and erosion.(包括蒂帕萨在内的约20%的被调查地点已经面临更高的洪水和侵蚀风险)”可知，包括Tipasa在内，约20％的被调查地点已经面临自然灾害洪水和侵蚀的高风险。故选C 。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句话“UNESCO has repeatedly threatened to remove the site of World Heritage status.(联合国教科文组织多次威胁要取消该遗址的世界遗产地位)”可知，联合国教科文组织曾多次威胁要剥夺该遗址的世界遗产地位。故选D。
第二节(共5小节;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’ve ever kept a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then the chances are good that these same people have kept secrets from you. Not all of them, and not at every moment___16___.
The hard part of having a secret is not that you have to hide it, but that you have to live with it. So even if you do have fears and worries, know that the research shows people react more positively to disclosures (吐露秘密) than we often imagine. It might take a dash of courage to reveal something sensitive.___17___If you are in the middle of a social interaction that makes you feel comfortable and open, then recognize the door is open to disclosure, too.
You could shout your secret in a forest where there is nobody around to hear it, but just like the leaves that nobody hears falling.___18___. When people reveal secrets to others, they are often looking for help, and often seek out the people who prove most helpful.
Another person can offer you two different kinds of help: emotional support and practical support If you can find someone you feel comfortable opening up to, they are likely to give you one, even if not both kinds. They might express sympathy or empathy, or share with you a similar struggle they have overcome.___19___The harmful cycle of negative thinking is easier to break when we bring others in.
If you are currently keeping a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then you probably have at least one more secret than you need. Chances are that there is at least one secret from others that you don’t know, and this is one more reason to share what’s on your mind with others.___20___
A. but here are some tips for you to know their secrets.
B. When you open up to others, others will open up to you.
C. but some of them some of the time.
D. But when you take the risk, your friend will recognize this and appreciate it.
E. Other people can offer positive perspectives, guidance, and advice.
F. A disclosure with no receiver is barely a closure at all.
G. They still hide their own secrets.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何处理自己的秘密以及寻求帮助。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Not all of them, and not at every moment(不是所有人，也不是每时每刻)”提到，并非所有人都如此，也并非时时刻刻都有秘密，可知，每个人总会有些时刻是有秘密的，故选项C“but some of them some of the time(不过总会有人那么一些人，有那么一些时刻，是有秘密的)”在语意上衔接恰当，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“It might take a dash of courage to reveal something sensitive.(透露一些敏感的东西可能需要一点勇气)”以及后文“If you are in the middle of a social interaction that makes you feel comfortable and open, then recognize the door is open to disclosure, too.(如果你正处于一种让你感到舒适和开放的社交互动中，那么你要意识到，这扇门也向你敞开了)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出和朋友袒露心声的好处，故选项D“但是当你冒这个险的时候，你的朋友会意识到并感激你的”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据上文“You could shout your secret in a forest where there is nobody around to hear it, but just like the leaves that nobody hears falling.(你可以在没有人听到的森林里大声说出你的秘密，但就像没有人听到树叶飘落一样)”以及后文“When people reveal secrets to others, they are often looking for help, and often seek out the people who prove most helpful.(当人们向别人透露秘密时，他们往往是在寻求帮助，而且往往是寻找那些被证明最有帮助的人)”可知，本句承接上文说明在森林里大声说出秘密的做法的意义：没有倾听对象的吐露秘密，根本就不是吐露秘密。故选项F“没有倾听对象的吐露秘密，根本就不是吐露秘密”符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据后文“The harmful cycle of negative thinking is easier to break when we bring others in.(当我们寻求他人帮助时，消极思维的恶性循环更容易被打破)”可知，后文提到了寻求他人帮助时，消极思维的恶性循环更容易被打破，说明本句是在强调他人可以给予积极的观点和建议，故E选项“别人也能为你提供积极的观点、引导和建议”符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If you are currently keeping a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then you probably have at least one more secret than you need. Chances are that there is at least one secret from others that you don’t know, and this is one more reason to share what’s on your mind with others.(如果你现在对朋友、家人或恋人有秘密，那么你可能至少有一个比你需要的多的秘密。很有可能至少有一个你不知道的秘密，这是一个与他人分享你的想法的理由)”可知，本句为最后一段最后一句，应对上文进行总结，故选项B“当你向别人敞开心扉时，别人也会对你激开心扉”符合语境。故选 B。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完型填空(共15题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳位置，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。
Instead of being a pacing-uptime, winter is a locking-downtime. Winter frees us in all sorts of ways.
I once had a neighbor named Earl. An old-timer and a self-made man, he ___21___ told me stories about Maine winters in the past. He suggested he had ___22___ the ice age. He backed up his old stories with ___23___ of old black-and-white photographs of heavy snowstorms that piled up to second-floor windows and completely ___24___ cars.
And I’ll never ___25___ what he said as an end to one of his stories, “A man couldn’t get much done once the snow came.” So what did he do once the snow came? He spent a great deal of time ___26___ to home and hearth, where he ___27___ the woodstove, sat with his wife, made pots of coffee, and read by the fire.
As I write these words I occasionally raise my head to ___28___ the window at the woodpile stacked(堆), the garden harvested, the apple tree ___29___, the lawn mowed, and the bicycle shed newly roofed.
As I tended to all those things, when did I have time to ____30____?
Some years ago a friend sent me a quote by Socrates that I try to be mindful of: Beware the fruitlessness of a ____31____ life.
The advice ____32____ me to look forward to the coming of winter, because I’ve finally learned that it is a slowing-downtime, a gift of rest, a(n) ____33____ to acknowledge that most of the outdoor work that could be done has been done.
A friend of mine who lives in the Southeast recently called. In the course of our ____34____ he celebrated the climate where he lives, which ____35____ him to work outside year-round. “I’m always on the go.” he told me.
But I think I need a good time of winter.
21. A. gradually B. excitedly C. angrily D. unwillingly
22. A. struggled B. explored C. survived D. celebrated
23. A. laughter B. evidence C. expectation D. patience
24. A. buried B. struck C. destroyed D. supported
25. A. realize B. forget C. recall D. learn
26. A. designing B. improving C. fixing D. tending
27. A. bought B. controlled C. built D. filled
28. A. look at B. watch over C. glance out D. glare at
29. A. picked B. cut C. planted D. fell
30. A. settle B. arrange C. work D. breathe
31. A. busy B. happy C. creative D. special
32. A. demanded B. taught C. appointed D. assisted
33. A. amazement B. surroundings C. opportunity D. ability
34. A. convenience B. appearance C. contribution D. conversation
35. A. employs B. forces C. enables D. saves
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者认为冬天应该是一个休息的时间，不能天天总是忙着工作，还要有生活。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他是个老古董，白手起家，兴奋地给我讲缅因州过去冬天的故事。A. gradually渐渐地；B. excitedly兴奋地；C. angrily生气地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据上文“An old-timer and a self-made man”可知，Earl是个老古董，白手起家，所以他会兴奋地给作者讲述他自己以前的故事。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他暗示自己挺过了冰河时期。A. struggled挣扎；B. explored探索；C. survived存活；D. celebrated庆祝。根据下文“He backed up his old stories with ___3___ of old black-and-white photographs of heavy snowstorms that piled up to second-floor windows and completely ___4___ cars.”可知，这里应该是指Earl经历了冰河时期，还存活了下来。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他用旧的黑白照片作为证据来支持他的旧故事，这些照片显示，大雪堆积在二楼的窗户上，汽车被完全掩埋。A. laughter笑声；B. evidence证据；C. expectation期待；D. patience耐心。根据下文“old black-and-white photographs of heavy snowstorms”可知，这些旧的黑白照片应该是作为证据来支持他的旧故事。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. buried埋；B. struck罢工；C. destroyed毁坏；D. supported支持。根据上文“heavy snowstorms that piled up to second-floor windows”可知，雪下的很大，都堆积在二楼的窗户上了，所以汽车应该是被完全被掩埋在雪下面了。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记他在结束他的一个故事时所说的话，“一个人一旦下雪就不能做很多事情。”A. realize意识到；B. forget忘记；C. recall回忆；D. learn学习。根据下文“A man couldn’t get much done once the snow came.”可知，这是作者永远不会忘记Earl曾经说过的话。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他常常花很多时间打理家里和炉灶，在那里他把木炉子装满，和妻子坐在一起，煮了几壶咖啡，在炉火旁看书。A. designing设计；B. improving改进；C. fixing安装；D. tending倾向于、往往。根据上文“He spent a great deal of time”可知，Earl应该是常常会花时间打理他的家和炉灶。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. bought买；B. controlled控制；C. built建立；D. filled填满。根据下文“by the fire”可知，要在炉子旁边烤火，说明要先把炉子里面装满木材。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我写下这些话时，我偶尔会抬起头，瞥一眼窗外堆放的木桩、收割的花园、采摘的苹果树、修剪的草坪和新盖的自行车棚。A. look at看见；B. watch over看管；C. glance out瞥一眼；D. glare at怒目。根据下文“the window at the woodpile stacked(堆), the garden harvested, the apple tree ___9___, the lawn mowed, and the bicycle shed newly roofed.”可知，这是作者抬起头会瞥见的东西。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. picked摘；B. cut切；C. planted种植；D. fell掉下。根据上文“the apple tree”可知，苹果树上结了果子可以采摘。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我处理所有这些事情时，我什么时候有时间呼吸？A. settle定居；B. arrange安排；C. work工作；D. breathe呼吸。根据下文“Beware the fruitlessness of a ___11___ life.”可知，作者是在问自己：每天都很忙，什么时候可以有时间放松一下。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几年前，一位朋友给我发了一句苏格拉底的名言，他要我尽力注意：小心忙碌生活的徒劳。A. busy忙的；B. happy高兴的；C. creative有创造力的；D. special特别的。根据下文“I’ve finally learned that it is a slowing-downtime, a gift of rest, a(n) ___13___ to acknowledge that most of the outdoor work that could be done has been done.”可知，作者的朋友应该是提醒他不要天天只顾着忙。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个建议教会了我期待冬天的到来，因为我终于明白，这是一个缓慢的停工期，是一份休息的礼物，是一个承认大部分户外工作已经完成的机会。A. demanded要求；B. taught教；C. appointed约定；D. assisted帮助。根据下文“I’ve finally learned that it is a slowing-downtime, a gift of rest, a(n) ___13___ to acknowledge that most of the outdoor work that could be done has been done.”可知，这是作者朋友的建议教给作者体会到的感悟。故选B。
33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. amazement吃惊；B. surroundings环境；C. opportunity机会；D. ability能力。根据下文“to acknowledge that most of the outdoor work that could be done has been done”可知，这是指作者领悟到冬天是一个承认大部分户外工作已经完成的机会。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们的谈话中，他庆祝了他居住的气候，这使他全年都能在户外工作。A. convenience便利；B. appearance出现；C. contribution贡献；D. conversation谈话。根据上文“A friend of mine who lives in the Southeast recently called.”可知，作者的朋友给他打电话了，所以他们要有谈话。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. employs雇佣；B. forces强迫；C. enables使能够；D. saves挽救。根据下文““I’m always on the go.” he told me.”可知，作者的这位朋友每天都很忙，所以他所在的地方的气候应该是能够使得他全年都能在户外工作。故选C。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The very ancient poetry that ___36___(write) a thousand or more years ago was simpler and about common things like love, romance and nature that people appreciate. Though much poetry was created in the eras following the Song dynasty, it is thought that the poets became increasingly___37___(academy) and hard to understand so that modern Chinese can’t appreciate the style and meaning.
For foreigners, ancient Chinese poetry___38___(be) more difficult ___39___(comprehend) .One of the reasons is the nature of Chinese characters___40___(they).Often one character has many meanings, ___41___makes the translation of Chinese into English a key part of reading and understanding Chinese poetry. Put simply, good translation is essential to___42___(full) understand Chinese poems.
Another point worth___43___(notice) about ancient Chinese poetry is that it is influenced by Confucian and Taoist thinking. Ancient Chinese poetry has a focus of friendship besides love or being___44___lover. Friendships, to the village, the community, the country or your drinking friends are dominant themes. The poets’ main task seems to be just writing poetry, because a life as a poet is an important thing. In this respect, Chinese poetry is all____45____the poet, the “meaning” for the poet and not what is happening around the poet.
【答案】36 was written
37. academic
38. is 39. to comprehend
40. themselves
41. which 42. fully
43. noticing
44. a 45. about
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国古代的诗歌。
【36题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：一千多年前写的古诗更简单，写的是人们喜欢的爱情、浪漫和自然等常见的东西。The very ancient poetry是先行词，其中poetry是不可数名词，在后面that引导的限制性定语从句中作主语，和谓语动词write之间是被动关系，再根据时间状语a thousand or more years ago可知，从句用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was written。
【37题详解】
考查形容词作表语。句意：尽管宋朝之后的时代创作了许多诗歌，但人们认为诗人变得越来越学术化，难以理解，以至于现代中国人无法欣赏其风格和意义。句中became是连系动词，意为“变成，变得”，后面跟形容词作表语，所给词academy是名词，其形容词是academic，意为“学业的，学术的”。故填academic。
【38题详解】
考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：对于外国人来说，中国古诗更难理解。该句在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且句子主语poetry是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
【39题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：对于外国人来说，中国古诗更难理解。固定句型：主语+be+形容词（hard/pleasant/easy/comfortable…）+动词不定式，其中句子的主语就是动词不定式的宾语，且主动表示被动。故填to comprehend。
【40题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：其中一个原因是汉字本身的性质。此处是反身代词作the nature of Chinese characters的同位语。故填themselves。
【41题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：一个汉字往往有多种含义，这使得汉译英成为阅读和理解中国诗歌的关键部分。前面整个句子作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，非限制性定语从句由关系代词的which引导。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：简而言之，好的翻译是充分理解中国诗歌的必要条件。空后understand是动词，由副词修饰，所给词full是形容词，其副词是fully。故填fully。
【43题详解】
考查动词-ing形式。句意：中国古代诗歌的另一个值得注意的地方是，它受到儒家和道家思想的影响。固定搭配：be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，其中动名词作宾语。故填noticing。
【44题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：除了爱情和爱人，中国古诗还关注友谊。此处指“一个爱人”，lover是以辅音音素开头的词，前面加a表示“一”。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：在这方面，中国诗歌是关于诗人的，关于诗人的“意义”，而不是关于诗人周围发生的事情。设空处应该填介词，意为“关于”。故填about。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你所在的学校将组织“中国乡村文化之旅”研学活动，你的留学生同学Jenkins对中国乡土文化和本次活动安排很感兴趣，请你用英语给他写封电子邮件，告之相关内容：
1.活动安排(时间，地点等)；
2.活动流程(参观，交流等)；
3.活动要求等。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jenkins,
I’m delighted to tell you about a school activity, named The Travel of Chinese Countryside Culture. The details are as follows.
To have an extensive knowledge of the culture of Chinese Countryside, the 5-day tour will include two parts. We’ll visit the beautiful pastoral scenery and experience real life on the farm. Besides, we will call on some local residents at their homes. For safety purpose, all the participants should be at least 18, and at the same time they should be strong enough for the changeable weather and the long journey.
If you want to enter for it, you can contact the Student Union either by email or telephone. Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生同学Jenkins写信，告知学校将组织的“中国乡村文化之旅”研学活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→happy
广泛的：extensive→wide
此外：besides→in addition
报名参加：enter for→sign up for
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m delighted to tell you about a school activity, named The Travel of Chinese Countryside Culture.
拓展句：I’m delighted to tell you about a school activity, which is named The Travel of Chinese Countryside Culture.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To have an knowledge of the culture of Chinese Countryside, the 5-day tour will include two parts.（由动词不定式短语作目的状语）
【高分句型2】If you want to enter for it, you can contact the Student Union either by email or telephone.（由If引导的条件状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给的段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Alexis Langlois, who manages a large farm, heard her neighbor crazily knocking on her front door on a Monday afternoon.
“There’s an emergency”, Amber Countryman yelled. “The horses are stuck in the water.” Langlois was struck with “absolute panic”. She threw on her winter boots — without socks — and rushed toward the small pond on the 80-acre property. She was surprised by what she saw: four horses were in the water up to their necks in10 feet of ice water.
She immediately called 911.While waiting for help to arrive, “people just started showing up,” she said. “Neighbors were pouring in. People came with ropes, chainsaws, shovels and pick axes.”
“I grabbed a bunch of supplies,” said Countryman, whose two teenagers and their friend also as sited with the effort.
“It was-8℃that day,” she said, adding that she brought out handwarmers and water for the helpers.
Everyone was determined to get the horses out of the pond — which is about 15feetwide.
Beneath a six-inch layer of ice, the water was “just barely above freezing”, said Chris Yerkes, the South Kalispell Fire Department chief who rushed to the pond with about a dozen volunteer personnel.
When the firefighters arrived, neighbors had already attempted to pave a path through the ice toward the edge of the pond using pick axes, sledgehammers and shovels, and “we continued with that effort.” Yerkes said. Unfortunately, “as we got closer to the edge, we realized there was about three to four inches of mud.”
The thick layer of mud — which the rescuers couldn’t cut through — blocked the horses from climbing out. Firefighters enlisted additional support from Flathead County Animal Control, as well as staff from local equestrian organization Rebecca Farm.
“There had to have been at least 60 people here,” Langlois said. “It was very swift action on everybody’s part.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1
It took nearly two hours to find a workable solution that could bring all four horses to safety.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
To get the horses out, they used a powerful tractor (拖拉机) to get the animals out of the mud and ropes to pull them over the edge.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
It took nearly two hours to find a workable solution that could bring all four horses to safety. It was a process of trial and error that required a few firefighters to slip into the cold water to tie belts under the chests of the horses. The scene was chaotic, and everyone was panicky. Eventually emergency responders secured a rope around the first horse. The method worked, and the first horse was saved.
To get the horses out, they used a powerful tractor to get the animals out of the mud and ropes to pull them over the edge. Using the same method but with a more powerful tractor, they saved the remaining three horses, one by one. The effort took a total of about three hours. Despite being chilled and startled, all four horses seemed healthy.
【解析】
【导语】本文以故事发展为线索展开。周一下午，Alexis Langlois的四匹马被困在水塘里了，她拨打了911后等待救援。邻居们也都来了，带来了绳子、链锯、铲子和镐。每个人都决心把马就出来。很快，消防队员来了，和邻居们一起把马救了出来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“花了将近两个小时才找到一个可行的解决方案，使四匹马都安全。”可知，第一段可描写救援过程的艰难以及怎么找到有效办法救出第一匹马。
②由第二段首句内容“为了把马弄出来，他们用一辆马力强大的拖拉机把马从泥里拖出来，用绳子把它们拉到边缘。”可知，第二段可描写他们用同样的办法救出其余三匹马。
2.续写线索：马被困水塘——拨打911求助——邻居们来帮忙——消防队员到来——实施救援——四匹马得救
3.词汇激活
行为类
①滑倒：slip/slide
②系，栓：tie/attach
③拉，拖：pull/draw/drag
情绪类
①恐慌的：panicky/terrified
②受惊吓的：startled/frightened
【点睛】[高分句型1] It took nearly two hours to find a workable solution that could bring all four horses to safety.（由关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] Using the same method but with a more powerful tractor, they saved the remaining three horses, one by one.（运用现在分词作状语）
听力答案：1—5 ACABB 6—10 CBBAC 11—15 CAABC 16—20 CBACB
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