人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land随堂练习题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land随堂练习题，共9页。
1．Gd nutritin is ________ (必要的) if patients are t make a quick recvery.
2．Apart frm what yu have mentined abve, d yu have any ________ (其他的) plan?
3．T reduce pllutin and prduce healthy fd, sme farmers have turned t ________ (有机的) farming.
4．T my amazement, his pinin is similar t mine in many ________ (方面).
5．It ________ (消化) yur fd and sends vitamins and minerals int the bld.
6．It is always imprtant t chse enjyable, ________ (有营养的) fds.
7．There is ________ (广泛的) supprt fr the new prpsals.
8．These ________ (化学物质) in the fd supply build up in peple's bdies ver time.
9．It is high time that we frbade setting ff firewrks in ________ (城镇的) areas.
10．Just as the saying ges, “Nthing is t be gt withut pains but ________ (贫穷).”
维度2 单句语法填空
1．There were s many cars held up by the heavy rain that we had n alternative but ________ (wait).
2．It is essential that he ________ (get) sme reliable infrmatin befre making inferences.
3．As the educatr puts it, ________ (expand) yur knwledge by reading mre bks is a wise chice.
4．________ sme scientists have fund is that their lng­term use can smetimes harm bth the land and peple's health.
5．She devted herself ________ (entire) t her research and it earned her a gd reputatin in her field.
6．Organic farmers als use many ther ________ (methd) t prduce rich sil.
7．The gal f using different rganic farming methds is t grw gd fd while ________ (avid) damage t the envirnment r t peple's health.
8．Last year, the new electric pwer plant ________ (generate) enugh energy t pwer the whle city.
9．We, as ________ (educate) strngly ppse prtecting children t much.
10．We felt at hme with her and were impressed with the ________ (deep) f her knwledge.
维度3 完成句子
1．阅读好书既能丰富我们的头脑又能教我们分辨是非。
Reading gd bks can ____________________________ teach us t tell right frm wrng.
2．我们必须更好地利用可替代能源，比如太阳能和风能。
We shuld ____________________________， such as slar and wind pwer.
3．关于健康生活，不同的人有着不同的观点。
________________________， different peple have different pinins.
4．保持环境清洁无污染是让人们生活健康的关键一步。
________________________________________________________________________
is the key step t make peple's life healthy.
5．更多的高速公路被建设完成，使人们到中国各地旅行更加方便。
Mre highways have been built, ______________________ peple t travel arund China.
维度4 课文语法填空
Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers 1.________ (be) in widespread use in farming since the middle f the 20th century. Over time, hwever, 2.________ sme scientists have fund is that their lng­term use can smetimes harm bth the land 3.________ peple's health. Fr example, pesticides can damage the land by 4.________ (kill) nt nly harmful bacteria and insects, but als helpful nes. As 5.________ alternative, sme farmers have switched t rganic farming. Organic farmers fcus n keeping their sil rich and free 6.________ disease thrugh natural means. Organic farmers als use many ther methds 7.________ (prduce) rich sil. The gal f using different rganic farming methds is t grw gd fd. Sme peple wuld prefer t stp the use f man­made chemicals in agriculture 8.________ (entire). But there is still a lng way t find a 9.________ (suit) slutin that puts sufficient fd n the dinner table while 10.________ (keep) peple and the envirnment as healthy as pssible.
eq \a\vs4\al(层级二) 主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The rganic fds have gained a lt f ppularity as they are being cnsidered as healthier and tastier. A fair number f peple advcate a large­scale shift t rganic farming frm cnventinal agriculture. But this might nt seem well­funded.
Since the mid­19th century, cnventinal industrial agriculture has becme incredibly efficient n a simple land t fd basis. Cnventinal farming gets mre and mre crp per square ft f land, which can mean less wilderness needs t be transfrmed t farmland.
T make farming mre efficient, cnventinal agriculture uses a significant amunt f synthetic fertiliser (合成肥料) each year, and all that nitrgen (氮) enables much faster plant grwth. Hwever, the cst is paid in vast plluted dead znes at the muths f many f the wrld's rivers, because much f the nitrgen ends up running ff the sil and int the ceans. This als makes cnventinal farming ne f the majr threats t the envirnment.
T weaken the envirnmental impact f agriculture, imprve sil quality as well as prduce healthier fds, sme farmers have turned t rganic farming. Envirnmentalists have als welcmed rganic fd as better fr the planet than the fd prduced by agricultural crpratins. Organic practices—refusing artificial fertilizers and chemical pesticides—are cnsidered far mre sustainable. Sales f rganic fd rse 7.7% in 2010, up t $26.7 billin—and peple are making thse purchases fr their mral senses as much as their tngues.
Yet a new meta­analysis in Nature des the math and cmes t a hard cnclusin: rganic farming prduces 25% fewer crps n average than cnventinal agriculture.
In the Nature analysis, scientists perfrmed an analysis f 66 studies cmparing cnventinal and rganic methds acrss 34 different crp species, frm fruits t grains. They fund that rganic farming delivered a lwer utput fr every crp type, thugh the difference varied widely. Fr crps like fruit trees, rganic trailed (落后于) cnventinal agriculture by just 5%. Yet fr majr grain crps and vegetables—all f which prvide the wrld's main calries—cnventinal agriculture utperfrmed rganics by mre than 25%.
What that means is that while rganic farming may be mre sustainable than cnventinal agriculture, there are trade­ffs (此消彼长) with each. S an ideal glbal agriculture system may brrw the best frm bth systems rather than uphlding merely rganic r cnventinal practices.
1．What d we knw abut cnventinal farming?
A．It prduces mre crps with fewer fertilisers.
B．It achieves efficiency at a huge cst t the envirnment.
C．It ffers a lng­term slutin t glbal demand fr fd.
D．It perfrms far better fr each crp type than rganic farming.
2．What des the authr mst prbably agree with?
A．Emplying rganic farming t plant rice.
B．Adpting rganic practices t grw ptat.
C．Using cnventinal methds t plant cabbage.
D．Applying cnventinal farming t grw apple.
3．What's the authr's purpse f writing the passage?
A．T cmpare tw types f farming.
B．T criticize cnventinal agriculture.
C．T discuss the develpment f farming.
D．T argue fr a realistic agriculture system.
B
Pierre Dém has spent his entire life clse t the wds and fields that he lves.Twice a year, his magazine, LaHultte, fcuses n an animal r plant native t the French cuntryside.
The 100th editin was published in 2013.The magazine has mre than 150，000 subscribers in many cuntries, and is ding very well financially.Dém says it all began in January 1972, when he was teaching science in a ne­rm schlhuse here. “It upset me hw the frests and swamps were beginning t be ruined.The wrd ‘eclgy’ didn't really exist yet.Sme friends and I wanted t call attentin t the issue.S we said, let's educate the kids.They're ready t hear ur message.” S he tk a step int the unknwn, planning t publish his nature jurnal.
Dém des all the research and writing and the illustratins (插图) f the magazine by hand.He cmbines science and humur in his writing and drawings t describe the daily life and sufferings f his creatures.Animals yu might verlk r cnsider dull are magically and vividly brught t life in LaHultte.“I try t write abut animals and plants that are easy t find because I want kids t put n bts, take a magnifying glass, g t the wds and fields t bserve and be amazed by what they find，” Dém says.
And it seems t wrk.Bilgist Jerme Furnier began subscribing t LaHultte when he was just eight years ld.“Fr me it was the first cntact with nature when I was a child.And maybe it's the beginning fr my life f scientist.I think s.”
What's amazing is its apprach.The magazine has realistic drawings and als a little cast f cartn creatures wh cmment n things and give different views.Yu can read it as an adult r a child; it can be understd n tw different levels.S scientists, regular peple and children all get smething ut f it.“It's extrardinary，” Furnier says, wh wrks at the Natinal Museum f Natural Histry in Paris, where he says LaHultte has a crazy fllwing.
4．What des the underlined wrd “subscribers” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Readers. B．Editrs.
C．Sellers. D．Cllectrs.
5．What's the purpse f creating the magazine?
A．T make a lt f mney.
B．T finish the task f teaching.
C．T enlarge the areas f frests.
D．T prmte peple's awareness f eclgy.
6．Which wrds can best describe the magazine LaHultte?
A．Scientific and interesting.
B．Magical and dull.
C．Vivid and unreal.
D．Hard t understand.
7．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．The magazine is a cartn ne.
B．Adults find the magazine t easy.
C．Many scientists are the fans f the magazine.
D．The magazine is nt fit fr regular peple t read.
Ⅱ.七选五
As lng as we have been n earth, we have used the sea arund us.We take frm the cean, and we give t it.
We take fishes frm the cean—millins f kilgrams f fish, every year, t feed millins f peple. __1__ We take minerals frm the cean.One way t get salt is t place seawater in a shallw basin and leave it until it evaprates (蒸发). __2__ Much gld and silver drift disslved in the waters f the sea, t.But the sea des nt give them up by simple evapratin.Other gifts frm the sea are pearls, spnges and seaweed.Pearls becme jewelry. __3__ Seaweed becmes fd f many kinds—even candy, and ice cream—as well as medicine.Believe it r nt, fresh water is anther gift frm the sea.We cannt drink cean water. __4__ But cean water becmes fresh water when the salts are remved.In the future, we will find urselves depending mre and mre n fresh water frm the sea.
The sea gives us fd, fertiliser, minerals, water, and ther gifts.What d we give the sea? Garbage. __5__ Huge as it is, the cean cannt hld all the water that we pur int it.Dumping garbage int the cean is killing ff sea life.Yet as the wrld ppulatin grws, we may need the sea and its gifts mre than ever.
We are finally learning that if we destry ur seas, we might als destry urselves.Hpefully, it is nt t late.
A．Natural spnges becme cleaning aids.
B．We pllute the cean when we use it as a garbage dump.
C．The area f the sea is becming smaller and smaller.
D．Alng with salt, ther minerals are left after evapratin.
E．We even use their bnes fr fertiliser.
F．Sme f its cntents may cause illness.
G．We take a lt frm the cean and give little t the sea.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Last year I decided t d sme vlunteer wrk. I began t __1__ n the Internet and discvered Vlunteer USA. Three mnths later I __2__ myself n a plane t Phenix, Arizna. I was __3__ at the thught f living with lads f new peple fr three mnths. Hwever, within fifteen minutes f __4__， my wrries had gne. Everyne was s friendly and like­minded that it was very __5__ t feel at hme.
I was sent t the Crnad Natinal Frest fr my first 8­day __6__. We had t __7__ everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked. It may nt seem like a __8__ way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were n fire.
My jb was t build a stairway ut f rck. This __9__ climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain inhabited (栖息) by muntain lins, althugh I shuld say they were nly heard, never seen.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came int being. The __10__ f knwing that my wrk will be n that muntainside fr years t cme is massive.
But n the last night we were __11__ in a thunderstrm. I wke up at midnight t find a swimming pl in my tent. The temperature was clse t __12__. I had t spend the rest f the night trembling in the nly __13__ part f my tent.
Needless t say, I suffered a lt. But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there and I __14__. I think I am much __15__ fr having taken part in the prject.
1．A.calculate B．negtiate
C．advertise D．research
2．A.imagined B．intrduced
C．engaged D．fund
3．A.annyed B．surprised
C．scared D．excited
4．A.arriving B．sleeping
C．thinking D．walking
5．A.funny B．cmplex
C．lucky D．easy
6．A.tur B．prject
C．campaign D．curse
7．A.drp B．make
C．carry D．buy
8．A.nice B．safe
C．lng D．quick
9．A.helped B．ended
C．allwed D．meant
10．A.satisfactin B．ambitin
C．expectatin D．intentin
11．A.left B．caught
C．attacked D．separated
12．A.biling B．average
C．nrmal D．freezing
13．A.tidy B．dry
C．new D．sft
14．A.survived B．resisted
C．escaped D．recvered
15．A.smarter B．strnger
C．happier D．Busier
课时作业(十五)
层级一 课时跟踪检测
维度1
1．essential 2.alternative 3.rganic 4.aspects 5.digests 6.nutritius 7.widespread 8.chemicals 9.urban 10.pverty
维度2
1．t wait 2.(shuld) get 3.expanding 4.What
5．entirely 6.methds 7.aviding 8.generated
9．educatrs 10.depth
维度3
1．nt nly enrich ur minds but als
2．make better use f alternative energy
3．As fr the healthy life
4．Keeping the envirnment clean and free f pllutin
5．making it mre cnvenient fr
维度4
1．have been 2.what 3.and 4.killing 5.an 6.f 7.t prduce 8.entirely 9.suitable 10.keeping
层级二 主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。有机食品越来越受欢迎，人们认为它们更健康、更美味。一个理想的全球农业系统可以从有机农业和传统农业中获得最好的利益，而不是仅仅支持有机或常规的做法。
1．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第二段“Since the mid-19th century, cnventinal industrial agriculture has becme incredibly efficient n a simple land t fd basis.”和第三段最后一句“This als makes cnventinal farming ne f the majr threats t the envirnment.”可知，传统农业以牺牲环境的巨大代价来实现生产效率。
2．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句“Fr crps like fruit trees, rganic trailed cnventinal agriculture by just 5%. Yet fr majr grain crps and vegetables—all f which prvide the wrld's main calries—cnventinal agriculture utperfrmed rganics by mre than 25%.”可知作者最可能同意用传统的方法种植卷心菜。
3．答案与解析：D 写作意图题。根据最后一段可知作者写本文的目的是主张建立一个现实的农业体系。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了皮埃尔·德翁创办的旨在提高人们生态意识的杂志。
4．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。此处指该杂志在许多国家拥有超过15万的用户，并且其财务状况很好。句中subscribers指订阅者，即杂志的读者。故选A。
5．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It upset me hw the frests and swamps were beginning t be ruined.The wrd ‘eclgy’ didn't really exist yet. Sme friends and I wanted t call attentin t the issue.”可知，引起大家对生态的重视是创办这个杂志的目的。故选D。
6．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He cmbines science and humur in his writing and drawings t describe the daily life and sufferings f his creatures.”和最后一段中的“What's amazing is its apprach.The magazine has realistic drawings and als a little cast f cartn creatures wh cmment n things and give different views.”可知，这本杂志科学且幽默有趣，能够吸引读者。故选A。
7．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“S scientists, regular peple and children all get smething ut f it. ‘It's extrardinary，’ Furnier says, wh wrks at the Natinal Museum f Natural Histry in Paris, where he says LaHultte has a crazy fllwing.”可知，科学家们对这本杂志评价很高，是杂志的狂热追随者，故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们从海洋中得到许多的矿物质，越来越依赖海洋的资源，但是人们却不断地污染海洋，作者希望人们减少对海洋的污染。
1．答案与解析：E 根据上文“We take fishes frm the cean—millins f kilgrams f fish，every year，t feed millins f peple.”可知，我们每年从海洋中捞取数百万千克鱼，来养活数百万人。由此可知E项“我们甚至用他们的骨头做肥料”，与上文形成递进关系。
2．答案与解析：D 根据上文“我们从海洋中提取矿物质，我们可以通过蒸发海水获得盐分”可知，蒸发海水可以得到盐，当然也可以得到除盐之外的其他矿物质。故D项承接上文，符合题意。
3．答案与解析：A 根据空前的“Other gifts frm the sea are pearls, spnges and seaweed.Pearls becme jewelry.” 和空后的“Seaweed becmes fd f many kinds—even candy, and ice cream—as well as medicine.”可知珍珠可以变成珠宝，海藻可成为多种食物甚至糖果、冰激凌以及药物。故设空处应讲海藻的用途。
4．答案与解析：F 根据上文“We cannt drink cean water.”可知，海水有坏的影响。故F项“海水中有些物质会引发疾病”，承接上文，符合题意。
5．答案与解析：B 根据上文“What d we give the sea? Garbage.”可知，我们一直在污染着海洋，故B项“当我们把海洋当作垃圾场时，我们就会污染海洋”，承上启下，符合题意。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，叙述了作者进行志愿者活动的经历和感受。
1．答案与解析：D 句意：我开始在互联网上研究，发现了“志愿者美国。”根据“n the Internet”及“discvered Vlunteer USA”可知，作者在网上研究关于志愿者组织的信息。
2．答案与解析：D 句意：三个月后，我发现自己坐上了飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机。根据“Three mnths later I __2__ myself n a plane t Phenix, Arizna.”可知，在发现Vlunteer USA之后三个月，作者就动身了，即，发现自己在飞往目的地的飞机上。
3．答案与解析：C 句意：一想到要和一群陌生人一起生活三个月，我就很害怕。根据“living with lads f new peple fr three mnths”可知，作者知道要和许多陌生人一起度过三个月时，内心很害怕。
4．答案与解析：A 句意：然而，在到达后不到十五分钟，我的担忧就消失了。根据“Everyne was s friendly and like-minded that it was very __5__ t feel at hme.”可知，到达后十五分钟，作者在与大家交流中发现与他们志趣相投，打消了顾虑。
5．答案与解析：D 句意：每个人都很友好，志趣相投，很容易就有了宾至如归的感觉。根据“Everyne was s friendly and like-minded”可知，每个人都很友好，且志趣相投，很容易有了宾至如归的感觉。
6．答案与解析：B 句意：我被派往科罗纳多国家森林进行我的第一个为期8天的项目。根据“We had t __7__ everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked.”可知，作者被派往科罗纳多国家森林进行第一个为期8天的项目。
7．答案与解析：C 句意：我们不得不带上所有需要的东西，步行三英里去工作地点。根据“everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked”可知，去工作地点要带上需要的东西。
8．答案与解析：C 句意：这似乎不是一段很长的路，但在35摄氏度的高温下，再加上沉重的背包，我的腿像是着火了。根据“three miles”可知，三英里的步行距离并不是很长。
9．答案与解析：D 句意：这意味着要在山狮居住的山坡上爬上爬下，尽管我应该说，它们只是被听到，从没有被看到。根据前一句“My jb was t build a stairway ut f rck.”可知，This表明，本句是对前一句工作内容的解释和补充。
10．答案与解析：A 句意：知道我的作品将在那片山上出现多年，我感到非常满足。根据“Three days later, a beautiful stairway came int being.”可知，作者知道自己建造的石梯会在山上存在很久，内心十分满足。
11．答案与解析：B 根据“a thunderstrm”可知，作者在最后一个晚上遭遇了雷雨。
12．答案与解析：D 根据下文“trembling”可知，温度很低，作者很冷。
13．答案与解析：B 句意：我不得不在帐篷里唯一干燥的地方颤抖了整整一夜。根据“find a swimming pl in my tent”可知，作者的帐篷湿透了，只能待在唯一干燥的地方。
14．答案与解析：A 句意：但我知道，无论在生命中将要面对什么，我都在那里，我挺过来了。根据“I was there”可知，无论面对什么， 作者都在那里并且存活下来了。
15．答案与解析：B 句意：我认为参加了这个项目后，我变得更坚强了。根据“But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there and I__14__.”可知，在志愿者经历后，作者更坚强了。