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天津市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期中质量检测试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份天津市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期中质量检测试卷（Word版附解析），共25页。
2022-2023(下)高一年级期中质量检测
英语科试卷
(时长110分钟，满分100分)
第一部分：基础知识
第一节：单项填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
1. I walked silently, so my mother would not hear me ________.
A. approach B. park C. survive D. disagree
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我悄悄地走着，这样妈妈就不会听到我靠近。A. approach靠近；B. park停车，泊车；C. survive幸存；D. disagree不同意。由“I walked silently”可知，句子表示“我悄悄地走着，这样妈妈就不会听到我靠近”，空格处意为“靠近”，故选A。
2. Mary hoped that she could go camping with her friends but she was told by her parents ______.
A. do not B. not to C. not do D. not to do
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式的省略。句意：玛丽希望她能和她的朋友去露营，但她的父母告诉她不要去。Tell sb not to do sth表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，被动形式为sb be told not to do sth，故完整句子应是she was told by her parents not to go camping，“go camping”与上文重复，故为了避免重复，通常把动词省略，只保留不定式的符号to。故选B项。
3. Riding a bike helps develop a child’s sense of ______.
A. defence B. invention C. balance D. organization
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车有助于培养孩子的平衡感。A. defence捍卫，辩护；B. invention发明；C. balance平衡；D. organization组织。根据“Riding a bike”可知，骑自行车有助于培养孩子的平衡感。故选C项。
4. Events at young ages help to ________ our character in later life.
A. pass B. reduce C. revise D. form
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些年轻时的好习惯帮助我们形成日后的性格特点。A. pass通过；B. reduce减少；C. revise复习；D. form形成。根据“our character in later life”可知，好习惯可以帮助形成良好的性格。故选D。
5. —How long does it take you to get to work?
—________ about twenty minutes.
A. Extremely B. Rarely C. Awfully D. Normally
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——你上班路上要花多长时间? ——通常大约二十分钟。A. Extremely极端地；B. Rarely几乎不；C. Awfully可怕地；D. Normally通常。根据“about twenty minutes”可知，通常上班花费大约二十分钟到单位。故选D项。
6. All schools here ________ to remain shut until next month as a way of preventing the spread of the disease.
A. will order B. are ordering C. have been ordered D. had been ordered
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这里所有的学校都被命令关闭到下个月，以防止疾病的传播。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意可知，“所有的学校已经关门了”时态是现在完成时，即“have/has done”；All schools和动词shut为被动关系，所以为现在完成时的被动语态结构。故选C项。
7. Few things ________ trust more than telling others a friend’s secrets.
A. adopt B. destroy C. stand D. recognize
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比把朋友的秘密告诉别人更能破坏信任了。A. adopt采用；B. destroy破坏；C. stand容忍；D. recognize认出。根据“telling others a friend’s secrets”可知，把朋友的秘密告诉别人是最能破坏信任的事情。故选B项。
8. —Can I go to the movies with you, Dad?
—Sorry, but only grown-ups are ________ into the cinema.
A. influenced B. contained C. admitted D. supposed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——爸爸，我想和你一起去看这部电影。——对不起，儿子，只有成人才被允许进电影院。A. influenced影响；B. contained包含；C. admitted允许进入；D. supposed认为。根据句意可知，C项符合题意，短语be admitted into...“被允许进入……”故选C。
9. The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A. that B. one
C. it D. this
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it, one和that都可指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a／an＋名词，只可代指可数名词；that为特指，相当于the＋名词，可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。
10. When it comes to in public, no one can match him.
A. speak B. speaking C. being spoken D. be spoken
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当谈到在公众场合演讲，没人能与他相比。When it comes to是固定句型，表示“当谈到……”，to 是属于介词，后面需加动名词作宾语，排除A项和D项；而此句子不含被动意思，排除C项。故选B。
【名师点睛】考查固定搭配。When it comes to 的用法(1) 后面接名词或接动词的ING形式（动名词） (2) when前面可以用逗号，整个跟着某个句子句子后面（用法有点像插入语）。也可以作为分句直接位于句首，整个部分后接逗号。1. Although she plays football well, when it comes to English, she is not so good. 她的足球玩得很好，就英语而言，她没学的那么好。2.When it comes to eating, Joey is full of joy.一谈到食物，乔伊就很高兴。 3. When it comes to fishing, John is an expert. 谈及钓鱼，约翰是个专家
11. It is the production of food, not its transport, ________ uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查it强调句。句意：消耗大部分能源和产生大部分温室气体的是食物生产，而不是运输。去掉it is和空格后句子完整，所以此处为it强调句句式：it be+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分，被强调部分为 the production of food, not its transport。故选C。
12. Faced with a bill for $10,000, ________.
A. an extra job has been given to John B. the boss has given John an extra job
C. an extra job has been taken D. John has taken an extra job
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。句意：面对1万美元的账单，约翰找了一份额外的工作。此处Faced with a bill for $10,000作原因状语，逻辑主语为John，为被动关系，故选D。
13. Anyone，once positive for H7N9 flu virus，will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A. to be tested B. being tested
C. tested D. to test
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：任何人一旦被检验出H7N9流感病毒呈阳性，都将免费接受来自政府的医学治疗。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：once anyone is tested, 省略了主语和is。故选C。
14. The boys talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.
A. to have heard B. hearing C. to be heard D. being heard
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们在进餐时说话声音如此之大，以至于我不得不尽力提高嗓门好让别人听见我的话。struggle to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，后接动词不定式，“I”和“hear”之间是逻辑被动关系，故用动词不定式的被动形式to be done。故选C项。
15. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of the famous athlete, who was reported ________ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle rece.
A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. to be broken
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：人群一看到这位著名运动员就疯狂地欢呼起来。据报道，这位著名运动员打破了110米跨栏比赛的世界纪录。根据sb/sth be reported结构后接不定式，此处表示动作已经发生用完成时，要用不定式的完成形式，故选C。
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
I decided to ski to the North Pole. It was after I saw a(n) ___16___ in a newspaper looking for people to join a team that would ___17___ 350 miles to the magnetic North Pole. Back in 1996, a woman from the UK had never ___18___ this challenge. I wondered what it would be like to ___19___ in temperatures that cold, so I sent off for the application form.
When the application form ___20___, it said “Are You Man Enough for the Ultimate Challenge?” and it was full of pictures of ___21___ explorers. I was angry and decided that women could do it too, so it made me even more ___22___ to get on the team.
Over 500 individuals ___23___ for a place in the team and the selection process included physical and psychological tests designed to ___24___ the best group. Our test was to complete the Sandhurst military assault course, where the UK’s best officers are trained, and it’s not for ____25____. We had to climb a huge rope ladder, and I stopped at the top because I have a fear of ____26____. I thought all hope was ____27____. But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing ____28____, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would ____29____ others in the team.
I had also shown my real self, and in a place like the Arctic, you have to be yourself, ____30____ there is nowhere to hide. These ____31____ of asking for help and showing your real self are necessary for women to master.
I realized that by being myself, I could ____32____. I was chosen for the team, and as a result became the ____33____ British woman to ski to the Magnetic North Pole. I realized that I could achieve more than I ever ____34____ was possible—but more importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could ____35____ them to take a step into the unknown.
16. A. notice B. report C. announcement D. advertisement
17. A. run B. ski C. drive D. fly
18. A. enjoyed B. ignored C. accomplished D. received
19. A. survive B. suffer C. exist D. hide
20. A. passed B. appeared C. arrived D. returned
21. A. female B. male C. proud D. brave
22. A. determined B. confident C. excited D. satisfied
23. A. waited B. looked C. applied D. cared
24. A. train B. pick C. develop D. challenge
25. A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. no one
26. A. heights B. silence C. loss D. changes
27. A. left B. missed C. saved D. lost
28. A. skiers B. team C. men D. individuals
29. A. catch up with B. stay away from C. look out for D. get rid of
30. A. as B. if C. unless D. though
31. A. talents B. experiences C. lessons D. qualities
32. A. try B. fail C. succeed D. improve
33. A. excellent B. first C. noble D. extra
34. A. admitted B. predicted C. remembered D. imagined
35. A. allow B. inspire C. require D. promise
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者申请加入去北极的滑雪队并成功的故事。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是在我看到报纸上的一则广告后，我想找人加入一个滑雪队，该滑雪队将滑雪350英里到达北极。A. notice注意；B. report报道；C. announcement公告；D. advertisement广告。根据“in a newspaper looking for”可知，是作者在报纸上看到这则广告才萌生这个想法。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是在我看到报纸上的一则广告后，我想找人加入一个滑雪队，该滑雪队将滑雪350英里到达北极。A. run奔跑；B. ski滑雪；C. drive骑行；D. fly飞行。根据“I decided to ski to the North Pole.”可知，去北极应该是去滑雪。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在1996年，一位来自英国的女性从未接受过这项挑战。A. enjoyed喜欢；B. ignored忽略；C. accomplished实现；D. received得到。正是因为还没有女性实现这个挑战使用激励了作者。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道在那么冷的温度下生存会是什么样子，所以我寄去了申请表格。A. survive生存；B. suffer经受；C. exist存在；D. hide隐藏。根据“in temperatures that cold”可知，这个挑战是要在寒冷条件下生存。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当申请表被填上的时候，上面写着“你够勇敢吗?” A. passed通过；B. appeared出现；C. arrived到达；D. returned返回。根据“so I sent off for the application form”可知，前面提到作者想填申请表，这里是指作者拿到了申请表。故选C。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：里面满是男性探险家的照片。A. female女性的；B. male男性的；C. proud自豪的；D. brave勇敢的。根据“I was angry and decided that women could do it too”可知，作者生气的原因是里面都是男性探险家的照片。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，并决定女性也可以这样做，所以这让我更坚定了加入这个团队的决心。A. determined坚定的；B. confident自信的；C. excited兴奋的；D. satisfied高兴的。根据“I was angry and decided that women could do it too,”可知，这里作者表达了想要进团队的坚定决心。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过500人申请加入团队，选拔过程包括身体和心理测试，旨在挑选出最好的一组。A. waited等待；B. looked观察；C. applied申请；D. cared关心。apply for申请加入。根据“and the selection process included physical and psychological tests designed to ___9___ the best group.”可知，很多人申请加入去北极的团队。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过500人申请加入团队，选拔过程包括身体和心理测试，旨在挑选出最好的一组。A. train训练；B. pick挑选；C. develop发展；D. challenge挑战。根据“and the selection process included physical and psychological tests”可知，选拔的目的是为了从中挑选出最好的队伍。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：我们的测试是完成桑德赫斯特军事攻击课程，英国最优秀的军官都是在那里接受训练的，这并不适合所有人。A. everyone每个人；B. someone某个人；C. anyone任何人；D. no one没有人。根据“Our test was to complete the Sandhurst military assault course, where the UK’s best officers are trained,”可知，这里表示测试难度大，并不适合任何人。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须爬一个巨大的绳梯，我在顶端停了下来，因为我恐高。A. heights高度；B. silence安静；C. loss丢失；D. changes改变。根据“I stopped at the top”可知，这里作者在高处停下是因为恐高。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为所有的希望都破灭了。A. left丢下；B. missed错过；C. saved拯救；D. lost丢失。根据“But two others helped me over”可知，作者以为自己会失去所有的希望。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但另外两个人帮了我，后来我发现，组织者寻找的不是出色的个人，而是优秀的团队成员，这一刻向他们展示了谁会为团队中的其他人着想。A. skiers滑雪者；B. team队伍；C. men男人；D. individuals个人。根据“but great team players”可知，组织者寻找的不是出色的个人，而是优秀的团队成员。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但另外两个人帮了我，后来我发现，组织者寻找的不是出色的个人，而是优秀的团队成员，这一刻向他们展示了谁会为团队中的其他人着想。A. catch up with赶上；B. stay away from远离；C. look out for留心；D. get rid of摆脱。根据“But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing ___13___,”可知，选拔的目的是寻找会留心为队里的其他人着想的人。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我也展示了真实的自我，在北极这样的地方，你必须做你自己，因为无处可藏。A. as因为；B. if如果；C. unless除非；D. though尽管。根据“you have to be yourself”可知，前后句为因果关系。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些寻求帮助和展示真实自我的品质是女性必须掌握的。A. talents天赋；B. experiences经验；C. lessons课程；D. qualities品质。根据“asking for help and showing your real self”可知，这些都是优秀的品质。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到做我自己，我就能成功。A. try尝试；B. fail失败；C. succeed成功；D. improve提高。根据“I realized that by being myself,”可知，作者意识到做自己就能成功。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我被选中了，结果成为了第一个滑雪到磁北极的英国女性。A. excellent优秀；B. first首先；C. noble高贵的；D. extra额外的。根据“Back in 1996, a woman from the UK had never ___3___ this challenge.”可知，作者是第一个成功的英国女性。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，我可以取得比我想象中更多的成就——但更重要的是，通过与他人分享我的故事，我可以激励他们向未知迈出一步。A. admitted允许；B. predicted预测；C. remembered记住；D. imagined想象。根据“I realized that I could achieve more”可知，作者意识到获得的成就比想象中的更多。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，我可以取得比我想象中更多的成就——但更重要的是，通过与他人分享我的故事，我可以激励他们向未知迈出一步。A. allow允许；B. inspire激励；C. require要求；D. promise承诺。根据“I realized that I could achieve more than I ever ___19___ was possible—but more importantly, by sharing my story with others,”可知，作者通过自己的故事来激励大家。故选B。
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
A
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You can visit our website at: www.betterchinatrip.com.
Tel: 010 84026538(within China); 008610 84026538(outside China);
Email: bctrip01@gmail.com
MSN(Microsoft service Network):bctrip01@gmail.com
36. Whom will Better China Trip serve mainly?
A. The citizens who live or work in Beijing.
B. Whoever has language difficulty in China.
C. Whoever travels or does business in China.
D. The athletes coming to Beijing for big games.
37. What does the underlined word “itinerary” probably mean?
A. Living condition.
B. A plan for a journey.
C. A perfect working plan.
D. A shopping arrangement.
38. When is the best time for you to contact the service company?
A. Before you set out.
B. When you arrive in Beijing.
C. When you have any trouble.
D. After you start your travel.
39. With the help of the company you can get the service of _______.
A getting a passport to go abroad
B. tour guides who speak many languages
C. driving you to any place at any time
D. getting the tickets to a Kungfu show
40. We can learn from this passage that _______.
A this passage probably comes from a car magazine
B. you can visit places of interest with expert tour guides
C. you can ride a tricycle to any tourist attraction in Beijing
D. Better China Trip only provides car rental services in Beijing
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了Better China Trip的相关信息。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Whether you are here on business or simply for sightseeing, we offer you a city-to-city transportation, tour guide, and interpreter service.”（无论您是出差还是观光，我们都为您提供城市到城市的交通、导游和翻译服务）可知，Better China Trip主要服务于来中国旅游或者做生意的人。故选C项。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“You can either research your trip by yourself and bring us a preferred itinerary, or make use of our expert local knowledge to suggest one to you.”（你可以自己研究一下你的旅行，给我们一个首选的itinerary，或者利用我们当地的专业知识给你推荐一个行程计划）可知，itinerary指的是“行程计划”故选B项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“You’d better discuss it with us before you start out; simply email or ring us up.”（你最好在出发前和我们讨论一下，发邮件或打电话给我们。）由此可知，出发之前最好联系一下服务公司。故选A项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“6. Tickets booking for Kungfu shows, magic, Peking Opera, etc.”（第六条 预定功夫表演、魔术、京剧等演出的门票）可知，在公司的帮助下，你可以获得功夫表演的门票。故选D项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Tour guides& services for the Great Wall, Tiananmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, the Temple of Heaven, the Ming Tombs, etc.”（享有长城、天安门广场、紫禁城、颐和园、天坛、十三陵等地的导游和服务。）由此判断出，你可以和专业导游一起参观名胜古迹。故选B项。
B
Recently my friend invited me to her residential hall, which is an African-American themed hall. They have lots of meetings and outings there. So I thought it would be fun. On this particular day they were having a pancake breakfast, just a time to mix. I was excited to be there, too.
I walked in at a time when the mini-party was at its peak. I found my friend; excitedly, we hugged and she led me to a seat in the back. We sat there for some time. I sensed some sort of discrimination. I wondered, were we just isolating ourselves or were we facing discrimination?
My friend’s breakfast came in first, and it was a plate full of colors. My mouth watered. I have always liked rainbow dishes: they make me hungry. She let me pick pancakes and fruit; we ate and only then began to talk.
The black American contemporary music was extremely loud. Some boys and girls were beating the tables and some guys on the stage were dancing in what looked like a kind of competition.
We talked about various subjects: hair, boys, shoes and books. And then we got to it. “What do African Americans think of Africans?”
We argued. I told her I thought African Americans were haughty. Why did they sideline us? When we met in a narrow passage and our eyes met, they quickly looked aside before we greeted. Why? Weren’t we all black? I mean, wasn’t this exactly the reason why there was an African-American themed house to begin with?
Did they look down upon us because they grew up in America and we in Sub-Saharan Africa? Oh yes, I felt this was it! They believed that we were HIV-positive and that the giraffes were right behind our huts.
My friend uttered, “No!” And then she continued：
“I also thought so at one point but after living with these guys, I got to a different conclusion altogether. These guys are not from Africa. They were not born there and may have never been there. We can’t expect them to naturally like us or bond. We are different. Skin color is the skin color.”
41. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that the author ________.
A. is an African American B. is an American African
C. was late for the party D. was crazy about parties
42. What does the author think of the breakfast?
A. Delicious. B. Just so-so.
C. A bit salty. D. A little sweet.
43. The underlined word “haughty’’ in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to“________”.
A. kind-hearted B. modest
C. fashionable D. proud
44. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. They had a good time at the party.
B. They turned down the music for me.
C. Some of them broke the tables.
D. They had a competition at the party.
45. Which statement is NOT true according to this text?
A. The author was brought up in Sub-Saharan Africa.
B. The friend had the same idea as the author before.
C. The African Americans are born in America.
D. The African Americans have nothing in common with Africans.
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述最近朋友邀请作者参加了当地的非洲裔美国人的一次黑人主题活动，了解到当地黑人已经完全融入了当地社会，只是肤色不同而已。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“I walked in at a time when the mini-party was at its peak.(我走进来的时候，迷你派对正值高潮)”可知，作者到的时候已经是聚会的高潮了。由此推知，作者迟到了。故选C。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“My mouth watered.(我流口水了)”可推知，早餐是可口的。A. Delicious.美味的，可口的；B. Just so-so. 一般般；C. A bit salty. 有点咸；D. A little sweet.有点甜。故选A。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线所在的句子“We argued. I told her I thought African Americans were haughty. Why did they sideline us? When we met in a narrow passage and our eyes met, they quickly looked aside before we greeted. Why? Weren’t we all black?(我们吵了起来，我告诉她，我认为非裔美国人很haughty。为什么把我们排挤在一边？当我们在一条狭窄的通道里相遇时，我们的目光相遇，他们在我们打招呼之前迅速地向一边看了看，为什么？我们不都是黑人吗？)”可知，在作者看来，非洲裔美国人排斥他人，与他们相遇时，目转向他处这都是高傲的表现。由此可知，划线词意为“傲慢的”。A. kind-hearted 热心的；B. modest 谦虚的；C. fashionable 时尚的；D. proud 骄傲的。故选D。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The black American contemporary music was extremely loud. Some boys and girls were beating the tables and some guys on the stage were dancing in what looked like a kind of competition.(美国黑人的当代音乐非常响亮，一些男孩和女孩在桌子上敲打，一些男孩在舞台上跳舞，看起来像一场比赛)”可推知，他们在舞台上玩的很愉快。故选A。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Did they look down upon us because they grew up in America and we in Sub-Saharan Africa?(他们看不起我们是因为他们在美国长大，而我们在撒哈拉以南的非洲长大)”可知，非裔美国人是在美国长大的，作者是在撒哈拉以南的非洲长大的，所以A和C正确；根据最后一段第一句“I also thought so at one point but after living with these guys, I got to a different conclusion altogether.(有一次我也这么认为，但在和这些人一起生活后，我得出了完全不同的结论)”可知，这位朋友和作者以前有同样的想法。所以B正确。根据第六段“We argued. I told her I thought African Americans were haughty. Why did they sideline us? When we met in a narrow passage and our eyes met, they quickly looked aside before we greeted. Why? Weren’t we all black?(我们吵了起来，我告诉她，我认为非裔美国人很傲慢。为什么把我们排挤在一边？当我们在一条狭窄的通道里相遇时，我们的目光相遇，他们在我们打招呼之前迅速地向一边看了看，为什么？我们不都是黑人吗？)”可知，他们都是黑人，所以D不正确。故选D。
C
There’s a whole lot of things that people fill their stomachs with. Some of them keep people alive. Some of them taste good to people. Some of them help people win pie-eating contests. Alcohol does none of those things. Why do people keep drinking it? And what does it do once it gets to their stomachs?
There are all kinds of alcohol molecules (分子)，but the one that people most often pour down their throat is ethanol (乙醇)．Ethanol is very tiny and it dissolves in water, so it gets into all sorts of places that it’s not supposed to. Alcohol heads for the digestive system. Because it dissolves in water, it can get into the water in the bloodstream. Because ethanol, to a certain extent, can pass through cell membranes (膜). It can go almost anywhere. It spreads through the muscles, and is sweated — unmetabolized (未经新陈代新的) and whole — through the skin. It gets into the heart. It even takes a walk through the brain, and this is the secret of its powers.
Alcohol depresses the nerves, and the nerves affect almost every area of the body. Enough alcohol makes people sleep, so people who become unconscious choke on their own vomit (呕吐物). Most worryingly, enough alcohol can shut down those parts of the brain just like any other parts. People become unconscious and their brains simply forget to breathe.
Alcohol is broken down in the liver. Alcohol doesn’t destroy the liver, but products that the liver breaks the alcohol into do cause damage. A glass of wine per day can not do any harm. Instead, it can prevent heart attacks or can make someone functionally young. And it is kind of nice to know that sometimes, relaxation and cheer can be bottled. All that’s needed is to take care how much alcohol is let into a person’s brain.
46. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?
A. By statement. B. By question. C. By arguing. D. By explaining.
47. Why can Alcohol reach the brain?
A. Because it can move through water molecules in the blood.
B. Because it is small enough to get through any narrow space.
C. Because it is so light that the bloodstream can transport it.
D. Because it is absorbed only by the cells in the stomach.
48. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. Alcohol affects the work of the nerves.
B. Alcohol has an effect on people’s breath.
C. People are drunk when their brains get drunk.
D. Drinking too much is quite dangerous.
49. From the passage, we can know ________.
A. many people like a drink when they feel relaxed
B. enough alcohol can control the brain activities
C. alcohol damage the liver indirectly
D. proper alcohol may lead to better sleep
50. What suggestion does the author give on drinking alcohol?
A. Controlling the time of drinking.
B. Controlling the amount of drinking.
C. Choosing the kind of drink.
D. Choosing the place of drinking.
【答案】46. B 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了酒精是如何进入人的大脑的、过度饮酒的危害以及建议大家要控制饮酒量。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Why do people keep drinking it? And what does it do once it gets to their stomachs?(为什么人们总是喝它?它到达它们的胃后会做什么?)”可推断，本文作者是通过提问的方式来介绍文章的主题。故选B。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Ethanol is very tiny and it dissolves in water, so it gets into all sorts of places that it’s not supposed to. Alcohol heads for the digestive system. Because it dissolves in water, it can get into the water in the bloodstream.…It even takes a walk through the brain, and this is the secret of its powers.(乙醇非常小，能溶于水，所以它会进入各种不该进入的地方。酒精会进入消化系统。因为它溶于水，所以它可以进入血液中的水。……它甚至会穿过大脑，这就是它力量的秘密。)”可推知，酒精会到达大脑是因为它可以通过血液中的水分子移动。故选A。
【48题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Alcohol depresses the nerves, and the nerves affect almost every area of the body.(酒精会抑制神经，而神经会影响到身体的每一个部位。)”可知，第三段主要讲述的是酒精的危害。故选D。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Alcohol doesn’t destroy the liver, but products that the liver breaks the alcohol into do cause damage.(酒精不会破坏肝脏，但肝脏将酒精分解成的产品确实会造成损害。)”可知，酒精间接损害肝脏。故选C。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“A glass of wine per day can not do any harm. Instead, it can prevent heart attacks or can make someone functionally young. And it is kind of nice to know that sometimes, relaxation and cheer can be bottled. All that’s needed is to take care how much alcohol is let into a person’s brain.(每天喝一杯酒不会有什么坏处。相反，它可以预防心脏病发作，或者让人变得年轻。有时候，知道放松和欢乐可以装在瓶中是一种很好的感觉。所需要做的就是注意进入大脑的酒精量。)”可知，作者建议大家控制饮酒量。故选B。
D
Amy Chua is the author of “Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother.” In the book, Chua, also a professor at Yale Law School, states her child-bringing-up method learned from her parents moving here from China years ago: no sleepovers, no television, no grades lower than an A.
“We guessed her book would cause much disagreement,” Wang Feifei, editor at CITIC Publishing House, told the reporter. “We don’t take it as a traditional parenting book, largely because it involves cross-cultural conflict.” The book has been available online since Mid-January and ranked No. 80 in sales on Joyo.com, a Chinese version of Amazon. It is to receive wider distribution (发行) at bookstores after the Feb. 3 Chinese New Year holiday.
The book has struck a nerve with Americans, especially American mothers. An article published earlier this month in the Wall Street Journal, called Why Chinese Mothers are Better, lit a strong reaction (the article now has close to 8,000 comments and most of them are critical, many of them completely unfriendly).
And that’s just what she did on Tuesday night’s show “The Colbert Report.” The host Stephen Colbert put Chua on the spot. “People have accused you of saying that the Chinese way of raising a child is better to what Western mothers do. True or false?” he asked. “Uh… false,” Chua replied, her voice uncertain. Colbert seized the opportunity to point out Chua’s inconsistency (不一致). “So you raised your children in a worse way?” Chua made a set of defensive talking points, some of them more convincing than others. Her arguments in defense of strict parenting were “I think if you give a 5-or 8-year-old free choice, I think that’s going to be video games.” Chua thinks that anyone can be what she calls a “Chinese Mother”; all you have to do is to demand hard work, determination and discipline from your children. “I think they are fundamental American values.”
51. What is Amy Chua’s method of bringing up her children like according to the passage?
A. Very open. B. Very loose.
C. Completely scientific. D. Very strict.
52. What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A. The book is on sale since mid-January.
B. In February more people will buy the book.
C. The book is a traditional parenting book.
D. Joyo.com is a Chinese version of Amazon.
53. From the third paragraph, we will know ________.
A. American mothers admire Chinese Mothers
B. Chinese mothers are better than American mothers
C. many Americans dislike Tiger mother’s method
D. American parenting is completely different from Tiger mother’s
54. What does the underlined word “they” mean in the last paragraph?
A. American values. B. Free choices for children.
C. Hard work, determination and discipline. D. Parenting methods.
55. How did Chua defend herself when questioned by Stephen Colbert?
A. Explaining her parenting methods with American values.
B. Taking two children’s stories for example.
C. Talking about her own experience in raising children.
D. Proving disadvantages of video games to children.
【答案】51. D 52. B 53. C 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了蔡美儿的书《虎妈战歌》，以及这本书出版后引发的关于教育方法的讨论。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Amy Chua is the author of “Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother.” In the book, Chua, also a professor at Yale Law School, states her child-bringing-up method learned from her parents moving here from China years ago: no sleepovers, no television, no grades lower than an A.”（蔡美儿是《虎妈战歌》的作者。在这本书中，蔡美儿也是耶鲁法学院的教授，陈述了她的孩子的抚养方法，这些方法是从多年前从中国搬到这里的她的父母那里学到的：不在外面过夜，不看电视，成绩不低于A。）可知，蔡美儿抚养孩子的方法是不允许孩子在外面过夜和看电视，考试成绩不能低于A，由此可推断出，这些方法是非常严格的。故选D项。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“It is to receive wider distribution (发行) at bookstores after the Feb. 3 Chinese New Year holiday.”（它将在2月3日农历新年假期后在书店得到更广泛的发行。）可知，《虎妈战歌》将在2月3日后在书店得到更广泛的发行，由此可推断出，二月份会有更多的人购买这本书。故选B项。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“An article published earlier this month in the Wall Street Journal, called Why Chinese Mothers are Better, lit a strong reaction (the article now has close to 8,000 comments and most of them are critical, many of them completely unfriendly).”（本月早些时候，《华尔街日报》发表了一篇题为《为什么中国母亲更好》的文章，引起了强烈反响（这篇文章现在有近8000条评论，其中大多数是批评，其中许多评论完全不友好）。）可知，大多数美国人对这本书是持批评态度的，有很多评论是不友好的，由此可推断出，许多美国人不喜欢虎妈的教育方法。故选C项。
【54题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“Chua thinks that anyone can be what she calls a “Chinese Mother”; all you have to do is to demand hard work, determination and discipline from your children.”（蔡美儿认为任何人都可以成为她所谓“中国母亲”；你所要做的就是要求你的孩子努力工作、有决心和守纪律。）可知，蔡美儿认为成为“中国母亲”并不难，只需要要求孩子努力工作、有决心和守纪律，由此可知，下文指的是“努力工作、有决心和守纪律是美国的基本价值观”，“they”代指上文提到的“hard work, determination and discipline”，意思是“努力工作、有决心和守纪律”。故选C项。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Her arguments in defense of strict parenting were “I think if you give a 5-or 8-year-old free choice, I think that’s going to be video games.” Chua thinks that anyone can be what she calls a “Chinese Mother”; all you have to do is to demand hard work, determination and discipline from your children. “I think they are fundamental American values.””（蔡美儿为她严格的育儿方法辩护的理由是：“我认为如果你给一个5岁或8岁的孩子自由选择，我认为那将是电子游戏。”蔡美儿认为任何人都可以成为她所谓的“中国妈妈”；你所要做的就是要求你的孩子努力工作、有决心和守纪律。”我认为这是美国的基本价值观。”）可知，蔡美儿在为自己辩护时指出，她所要求孩子做到的是“努力工作、有决心和守纪律”，而这正是美国的基本价值观，所以事实上任何人都可以成为她所谓的“中国妈妈”，由此可推断出，当斯蒂芬·科尔伯特质问蔡美儿时，她是通过用美国价值观解释她的育儿方法，来为自己进行辩护的。故选A项。
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
Normally, I loved birthdays. When my son and three daughters were little, my husband, Charles, and I always made sure to have dinner, followed by a big cake and presents.
Later, when the kids grew up and lived in different states, they always called to wish me a happy birthday. But this year I could have skipped the whole day, knowing there was one call I wouldn’t be receiving, the one from my daughter Patty. She’d passed away unexpectedly just a month before. One thing which made me feel a little calm was a voice message that she’d left on my cell phone the night before she died, telling me she loved me.
Over the following days I played her message of wishes over and over again, listening to the last words she said. “I love you very, very much, Mom.” Then, a couple of weeks before my birthday, while I was doing laundry (洗衣服), I accidentally dropped my phone in the washing machine. Quickly I pulled it out and dried it off, but when I checked my voicemail, Patty’s message was gone. I cried, heartbroken. Day after day I kept checking my voicemail, hoping Patty’s message would reappear. It never did.
On the morning of my birthday, I received my son’s wishes. However, all I wanted for my birthday was to hear Patty’s voice again. “Happy birthday.” Charles said, “let’s go out for dinner and a movie. It might help take your mind off things.” Charles was right. I turned off my phone, settled into my seat in the movie theater and let the film take me away. But the minute it ended I started thinking about Patty again. As we were walking out of the theater, I turned on my phone. It rang, signaling I’d gotten a voice message. Probably just my youngest daughter, Leslie, calling to wish me a happy birthday, I thought.
I dialed up voicemail and the message began. It was Patty’s voice, clear as a bell, saying again, “I love you very, very much, Mom.”
56. How did the family celebrate the author’s birthday when the children were young? (no more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________
57. Why didn’t the author want to celebrate her birthday this year? (no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________
58. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph? (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________
59. What happened when the author was doing some washing one day? (no more than 15 words)
_______________________________________________________________
60. What do you think of the story? Give your reasons in your own words. (no more than 20 words)
________________________________________________________________
【答案】56. By having dinner with a big cake and presents./They had dinner with a big cake and presents.
57. Because she knew she couldn’t receive her daughter Patty’s call/wishes.
Or: Because her daughter Patty passed away and couldn’t send her wishes.
58. It might help her forget sadness/sad things/Patty’s death.
59. She accidentally dropped her phone into the washing machine and lost the voicemail from Patty.
60. (Open) I think it is moving/touching. Because whatever happens, the great love between parents and children still exists.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者以前喜欢过生日。但今年女儿帕蒂意外去世，死前留给作者一条妈妈我爱你的语音，作者伤心之余只能借助语音聊解思念。但手机意外掉入洗衣机，这条语音不见了，让作者心碎。生日当天丈夫拉着作者去看电影希望能慰藉她。最后，走出电影院，打开手机，语音信箱里又弹出了新消息，正是帕蒂的那条语音：“妈妈，我非常非常爱你。”
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“When my son and three daughters were little, my husband, Charles, and I always made sure to have dinner, followed by a big cake and presents.(当我的儿子和三个女儿还小的时候，我和丈夫查尔斯总是确保过生日时吃大餐，然后是一个大蛋糕和礼物)”可知，孩子们还小的时候庆祝生日的方式为大餐，蛋糕和礼物。回答how提问可以用by doing或完整句子回答。故答案为By having dinner with a big cake and presents.或They had dinner with a big cake and presents.
【57题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“But this year I could have skipped the whole day, knowing there was one call I wouldn’t be receiving, the one from my daughter Patty. She’d passed away unexpectedly just a month before.(但今年我本可以跳过过生日一整天，因为我知道有一个我接不到的电话，那是我女儿帕蒂的电话。就在一个月前她意外地去世了)”可知，作者今年不想过生日是因为女儿意外去世，再也无法受到女儿的生日祝福。故答案为Because she knew she couldn’t receive her daughter Patty’s call/wishes.或Because her daughter Patty passed away and couldn’t send her wishes.
【58题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据文章第三段“I cried, heartbroken. Day after day I kept checking my voicemail, hoping Patty’s message would reappear. It never did.(我伤心地哭了。我日复一日地查看我的语音信箱，希望帕蒂的信息能再次出现。但它从来没有)”可知，作者沉浸于悲伤的情绪中，作者的丈夫邀请她一起吃饭看电影是为了慰藉她，从悲伤的情绪中抽离。故答案为It might help her forget sadness/sad things/Patty’s death.
【59题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“while I was doing laundry (洗衣服), I accidentally dropped my phone in the washing machine. Quickly I pulled it out and dried it off, but when I checked my voicemail, Patty’s message was gone.(当我在洗衣服的时候，不小心把手机掉进了洗衣机里。我很快把它拿出来，擦干了，但当我查看我的语音信箱时，帕蒂的信息不见了)”可知，作者洗衣服时发生的事情是手机误掉在洗衣机里，已故女儿留给她的语音不见了。故答案为She accidentally dropped her phone into the washing machine and lost the voicemail from Patty.
【60题详解】
开放型题目。根据文章第一段“knowing there was one call I wouldn’t be receiving, the one from my daughter Patty. She’d passed away unexpectedly just a month before.(因为我知道有一个我接不到的电话，那是我女儿帕蒂的电话。就在一个月前她意外地去世了)”和第三段“but when I checked my voicemail, Patty’s message was gone. I cried, heartbroken. Day after day I kept checking my voicemail, hoping Patty’s message would reappear. It never did.(但当我查看我的语音信箱时，帕蒂的信息不见了。我伤心地哭了。我日复一日地查看我的语音信箱，希望帕蒂的信息能再次出现。但它从来没有)”以及最后一段“I dialed up voicemail and the message began. It was Patty’s voice, clear as a bell, saying again, “I love you very, very much, Mom.”(我点开了语音信箱，那是帕蒂的声音，清晰的声音传来 “我非常非常爱你，妈妈。”)”可知，讲述了父母与儿女之间生死也斩不断的真挚深情和彼此深爱，让人深深感动。故答案可以是I think it is moving/touching. Because whatever happens, the great love between parents and children still exists.
第二节：书面表达(满分10分)
61. 假如你是高三学生李津，你的美国朋友Tim发来邮件询问你校2月28日举行的百日誓师大会有关情况，请你回复一封邮件介绍详情。邮件内容包括：
(1)介绍大会的时间、地点及参会者。
(2)大会主要过程（教师代表发言、学生代表发言，家长代表发言，全体宣誓等）。
(3)你的感受。
注意:(1)词数不少于100词；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
(4)文章不可透露你校具体校名等信息。
参考词汇：
宣誓 make an oath
百日誓师大会 the One Hundred-day Pledging Conference
Dear Tim,
How delighted I am to write in response to your care for my school life!
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Tim,
How delighted I am to write in response to your care for my school life! And I can’t wait to share with you the One hundred-day Pledging Conference held in my school.
It was on Feb. 28 that the conference took place in the lecture hall. Present at the conference were all the Senior 3 students, teachers, leaders and some representatives of parents, some of whom delivered wonderful speeches not only to encourage us to make full use of the last 100 days to improve our study, but also to wish us to succeed in the College Entrance Examination. Finally, all of us students stood up and made an oath that we would spare no effort to study to live up to their expectations.
Such was the conference by which I was deeply touched and determined to put myself into the final revision whole-heartedly to realize my dream.
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是高三学生李津，你的美国朋友Tim发来邮件询问你校2月28日举行的百日誓师大会有关情况，请考生回复一封邮件介绍详情。
【详解】1.词汇积累
关心：care for→ be concerned with
举行：take place→ hold
充分利用： make full use of→ take full advantage of
符合：live up to→ conform to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：And I can’t wait to share with you the One hundred-day Pledging Conference held in my school.
拓展句：And I can’t wait to share with you the One hundred-day Pledging Conference which was held in my school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Present at the conference were all the Senior 3 students, teachers, leaders and some representatives of parents, some of whom delivered wonderful speeches not only to encourage us to make full use of the last 100 days to improve our study, but also to wish us to succeed in the College Entrance Examination.（运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Finally, all of us students stood up and made an oath that we would spare no effort to study to live up to their expectations.（运用了that连接的同位语从句）
听力部分
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
62. How will the speakers get to the museum?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway.
63. When can the woman finish the typing?
A. On Wednesday morning. B. On Thursday afternoon. C. On Friday evening.
64. Where are the speakers?
A. At a laundry. B. At a clothes store. C. At a supermarket.
65. Why did the man leave London?
A. He didn’t love the city.
B. He needed to live in his wife’s city.
C. He couldn’t afford the expenses there.
66. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A storm. B. A flight. C. An accident.
第二节(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。
67. What kind of cooking course does the college offer?
A. Chinese. B. French. C. Italian.
68. When will the woman most probably take classes?
A. On Tuesday afternoons. B. On Thursday mornings. C. On Friday evenings.
69. How much should the woman pay if she takes the course?
A. $75. B. $125. C. $200.
听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。
70. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Schoolmates. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and student.
71. What is the science professor like?
A. Interesting. B. Unfair. C. Strict.
72. Why does the woman want to take the film course?
A. She likes seeing films. B. It’s easy to get high grades. C. She thinks it’s useful to do it.
听下面一段对话，回答第12至第15小题。
73 What is the man doing?
A. Introducing a book. B. Having an interview. C. Telling a story.
74. What do the organization members do?
A. They help setting up schools. B. They organize medical centers. C. They do business with local people.
75. What made the man make the decision?
A. A local product. B. A trip to Brazil. C. A Brazilian organization.
76. What does the man find interesting in the book?
A. The climate change across the world.
B. The projects introduced in the Netherlands.
C. The energy saving project of natural resources.
2022-2023(下)高一年级期中质量检测
英语科试卷
(时长110分钟，满分100分)
第一部分：基础知识
第一节：单项填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
1. I walked silently, so my mother would not hear me ________.
A. approach B. park C. survive D. disagree
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我悄悄地走着，这样妈妈就不会听到我靠近。A. approach靠近；B. park停车，泊车；C. survive幸存；D. disagree不同意。由“I walked silently”可知，句子表示“我悄悄地走着，这样妈妈就不会听到我靠近”，空格处意为“靠近”，故选A。
2. Mary hoped that she could go camping with her friends but she was told by her parents ______.
A. do not B. not to C. not do D. not to do
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式的省略。句意：玛丽希望她能和她的朋友去露营，但她的父母告诉她不要去。Tell sb not to do sth表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，被动形式为sb be told not to do sth，故完整句子应是she was told by her parents not to go camping，“go camping”与上文重复，故为了避免重复，通常把动词省略，只保留不定式的符号to。故选B项。
3. Riding a bike helps develop a child’s sense of ______.
A. defence B. invention C. balance D. organization
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车有助于培养孩子的平衡感。A. defence捍卫，辩护；B. invention发明；C. balance平衡；D. organization组织。根据“Riding a bike”可知，骑自行车有助于培养孩子的平衡感。故选C项。
4. Events at young ages help to ________ our character in later life.
A. pass B. reduce C. revise D. form
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些年轻时的好习惯帮助我们形成日后的性格特点。A. pass通过；B. reduce减少；C. revise复习；D. form形成。根据“our character in later life”可知，好习惯可以帮助形成良好的性格。故选D。
5. —How long does it take you to get to work?
—________ about twenty minutes.
A. Extremely B. Rarely C. Awfully D. Normally
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——你上班路上要花多长时间? ——通常大约二十分钟。A. Extremely极端地；B. Rarely几乎不；C. Awfully可怕地；D. Normally通常。根据“about twenty minutes”可知，通常上班花费大约二十分钟到单位。故选D项。
6. All schools here ________ to remain shut until next month as a way of preventing the spread of the disease.
A. will order B. are ordering C. have been ordered D. had been ordered
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这里所有的学校都被命令关闭到下个月，以防止疾病的传播。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意可知，“所有的学校已经关门了”时态是现在完成时，即“have/has done”；All schools和动词shut为被动关系，所以为现在完成时的被动语态结构。故选C项。
7. Few things ________ trust more than telling others a friend’s secrets.
A. adopt B. destroy C. stand D. recognize
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比把朋友的秘密告诉别人更能破坏信任了。A. adopt采用；B. destroy破坏；C. stand容忍；D. recognize认出。根据“telling others a friend’s secrets”可知，把朋友的秘密告诉别人是最能破坏信任的事情。故选B项。
8. —Can I go to the movies with you, Dad?
—Sorry, but only grown-ups are ________ into the cinema.
A. influenced B. contained C. admitted D. supposed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——爸爸，我想和你一起去看这部电影。——对不起，儿子，只有成人才被允许进电影院。A. influenced影响；B. contained包含；C. admitted允许进入；D. supposed认为。根据句意可知，C项符合题意，短语be admitted into...“被允许进入……”故选C。
9. The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A. that B. one
C. it D. this
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it, one和that都可指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a／an＋名词，只可代指可数名词；that为特指，相当于the＋名词，可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。
10. When it comes to in public, no one can match him.
A. speak B. speaking C. being spoken D. be spoken
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当谈到在公众场合演讲，没人能与他相比。When it comes to是固定句型，表示“当谈到……”，to 是属于介词，后面需加动名词作宾语，排除A项和D项；而此句子不含被动意思，排除C项。故选B。
【名师点睛】考查固定搭配。When it comes to 的用法(1) 后面接名词或接动词的ING形式（动名词） (2) when前面可以用逗号，整个跟着某个句子句子后面（用法有点像插入语）。也可以作为分句直接位于句首，整个部分后接逗号。1. Although she plays football well, when it comes to English, she is not so good. 她的足球玩得很好，就英语而言，她没学的那么好。2.When it comes to eating, Joey is full of joy.一谈到食物，乔伊就很高兴。 3. When it comes to fishing, John is an expert. 谈及钓鱼，约翰是个专家
11. It is the production of food, not its transport, ________ uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查it强调句。句意：消耗大部分能源和产生大部分温室气体的是食物生产，而不是运输。去掉it is和空格后句子完整，所以此处为it强调句句式：it be+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分，被强调部分为 the production of food, not its transport。故选C。
12. Faced with a bill for $10,000, ________.
A. an extra job has been given to John B. the boss has given John an extra job
C. an extra job has been taken D. John has taken an extra job
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。句意：面对1万美元的账单，约翰找了一份额外的工作。此处Faced with a bill for $10,000作原因状语，逻辑主语为John，为被动关系，故选D。
13. Anyone，once positive for H7N9 flu virus，will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A. to be tested B. being tested
C. tested D. to test
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：任何人一旦被检验出H7N9流感病毒呈阳性，都将免费接受来自政府的医学治疗。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：once anyone is tested, 省略了主语和is。故选C。
14. The boys talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.
A. to have heard B. hearing C. to be heard D. being heard
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们在进餐时说话声音如此之大，以至于我不得不尽力提高嗓门好让别人听见我的话。struggle to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，后接动词不定式，“I”和“hear”之间是逻辑被动关系，故用动词不定式的被动形式to be done。故选C项。
15. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of the famous athlete, who was reported ________ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle rece.
A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. to be broken
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：人群一看到这位著名运动员就疯狂地欢呼起来。据报道，这位著名运动员打破了110米跨栏比赛的世界纪录。根据sb/sth be reported结构后接不定式，此处表示动作已经发生用完成时，要用不定式的完成形式，故选C。
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
I decided to ski to the North Pole. It was after I saw a(n) ___16___ in a newspaper looking for people to join a team that would ___17___ 350 miles to the magnetic North Pole. Back in 1996, a woman from the UK had never ___18___ this challenge. I wondered what it would be like to ___19___ in temperatures that cold, so I sent off for the application form.
When the application form ___20___, it said “Are You Man Enough for the Ultimate Challenge?” and it was full of pictures of ___21___ explorers. I was angry and decided that women could do it too, so it made me even more ___22___ to get on the team.
Over 500 individuals ___23___ for a place in the team and the selection process included physical and psychological tests designed to ___24___ the best group. Our test was to complete the Sandhurst military assault course, where the UK’s best officers are trained, and it’s not for ____25____. We had to climb a huge rope ladder, and I stopped at the top because I have a fear of ____26____. I thought all hope was ____27____. But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing ____28____, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would ____29____ others in the team.
I had also shown my real self, and in a place like the Arctic, you have to be yourself, ____30____ there is nowhere to hide. These ____31____ of asking for help and showing your real self are necessary for women to master.
I realized that by being myself, I could ____32____. I was chosen for the team, and as a result became the ____33____ British woman to ski to the Magnetic North Pole. I realized that I could achieve more than I ever ____34____ was possible—but more importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could ____35____ them to take a step into the unknown.
16. A. notice B. report C. announcement D. advertisement
17. A. run B. ski C. drive D. fly
18. A. enjoyed B. ignored C. accomplished D. received
19. A. survive B. suffer C. exist D. hide
20. A. passed B. appeared C. arrived D. returned
21. A. female B. male C. proud D. brave
22. A. determined B. confident C. excited D. satisfied
23. A. waited B. looked C. applied D. cared
24. A. train B. pick C. develop D. challenge
25. A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. no one
26. A. heights B. silence C. loss D. changes
27. A. left B. missed C. saved D. lost
28. A. skiers B. team C. men D. individuals
29. A. catch up with B. stay away from C. look out for D. get rid of
30. A. as B. if C. unless D. though
31. A. talents B. experiences C. lessons D. qualities
32. A. try B. fail C. succeed D. improve
33. A. excellent B. first C. noble D. extra
34. A. admitted B. predicted C. remembered D. imagined
35. A. allow B. inspire C. require D. promise
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者申请加入去北极的滑雪队并成功的故事。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是在我看到报纸上的一则广告后，我想找人加入一个滑雪队，该滑雪队将滑雪350英里到达北极。A. notice注意；B. report报道；C. announcement公告；D. advertisement广告。根据“in a newspaper looking for”可知，是作者在报纸上看到这则广告才萌生这个想法。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是在我看到报纸上的一则广告后，我想找人加入一个滑雪队，该滑雪队将滑雪350英里到达北极。A. run奔跑；B. ski滑雪；C. drive骑行；D. fly飞行。根据“I decided to ski to the North Pole.”可知，去北极应该是去滑雪。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在1996年，一位来自英国的女性从未接受过这项挑战。A. enjoyed喜欢；B. ignored忽略；C. accomplished实现；D. received得到。正是因为还没有女性实现这个挑战使用激励了作者。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道在那么冷的温度下生存会是什么样子，所以我寄去了申请表格。A. survive生存；B. suffer经受；C. exist存在；D. hide隐藏。根据“in temperatures that cold”可知，这个挑战是要在寒冷条件下生存。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当申请表被填上的时候，上面写着“你够勇敢吗?” A. passed通过；B. appeared出现；C. arrived到达；D. returned返回。根据“so I sent off for the application form”可知，前面提到作者想填申请表，这里是指作者拿到了申请表。故选C。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：里面满是男性探险家的照片。A. female女性的；B. male男性的；C. proud自豪的；D. brave勇敢的。根据“I was angry and decided that women could do it too”可知，作者生气的原因是里面都是男性探险家的照片。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，并决定女性也可以这样做，所以这让我更坚定了加入这个团队的决心。A. determined坚定的；B. confident自信的；C. excited兴奋的；D. satisfied高兴的。根据“I was angry and decided that women could do it too,”可知，这里作者表达了想要进团队的坚定决心。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过500人申请加入团队，选拔过程包括身体和心理测试，旨在挑选出最好的一组。A. waited等待；B. looked观察；C. applied申请；D. cared关心。apply for申请加入。根据“and the selection process included physical and psychological tests designed to ___9___ the best group.”可知，很多人申请加入去北极的团队。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过500人申请加入团队，选拔过程包括身体和心理测试，旨在挑选出最好的一组。A. train训练；B. pick挑选；C. develop发展；D. challenge挑战。根据“and the selection process included physical and psychological tests”可知，选拔的目的是为了从中挑选出最好的队伍。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：我们的测试是完成桑德赫斯特军事攻击课程，英国最优秀的军官都是在那里接受训练的，这并不适合所有人。A. everyone每个人；B. someone某个人；C. anyone任何人；D. no one没有人。根据“Our test was to complete the Sandhurst military assault course, where the UK’s best officers are trained,”可知，这里表示测试难度大，并不适合任何人。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须爬一个巨大的绳梯，我在顶端停了下来，因为我恐高。A. heights高度；B. silence安静；C. loss丢失；D. changes改变。根据“I stopped at the top”可知，这里作者在高处停下是因为恐高。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为所有的希望都破灭了。A. left丢下；B. missed错过；C. saved拯救；D. lost丢失。根据“But two others helped me over”可知，作者以为自己会失去所有的希望。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但另外两个人帮了我，后来我发现，组织者寻找的不是出色的个人，而是优秀的团队成员，这一刻向他们展示了谁会为团队中的其他人着想。A. skiers滑雪者；B. team队伍；C. men男人；D. individuals个人。根据“but great team players”可知，组织者寻找的不是出色的个人，而是优秀的团队成员。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但另外两个人帮了我，后来我发现，组织者寻找的不是出色的个人，而是优秀的团队成员，这一刻向他们展示了谁会为团队中的其他人着想。A. catch up with赶上；B. stay away from远离；C. look out for留心；D. get rid of摆脱。根据“But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing ___13___,”可知，选拔的目的是寻找会留心为队里的其他人着想的人。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我也展示了真实的自我，在北极这样的地方，你必须做你自己，因为无处可藏。A. as因为；B. if如果；C. unless除非；D. though尽管。根据“you have to be yourself”可知，前后句为因果关系。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些寻求帮助和展示真实自我的品质是女性必须掌握的。A. talents天赋；B. experiences经验；C. lessons课程；D. qualities品质。根据“asking for help and showing your real self”可知，这些都是优秀的品质。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到做我自己，我就能成功。A. try尝试；B. fail失败；C. succeed成功；D. improve提高。根据“I realized that by being myself,”可知，作者意识到做自己就能成功。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我被选中了，结果成为了第一个滑雪到磁北极的英国女性。A. excellent优秀；B. first首先；C. noble高贵的；D. extra额外的。根据“Back in 1996, a woman from the UK had never ___3___ this challenge.”可知，作者是第一个成功的英国女性。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，我可以取得比我想象中更多的成就——但更重要的是，通过与他人分享我的故事，我可以激励他们向未知迈出一步。A. admitted允许；B. predicted预测；C. remembered记住；D. imagined想象。根据“I realized that I could achieve more”可知，作者意识到获得的成就比想象中的更多。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，我可以取得比我想象中更多的成就——但更重要的是，通过与他人分享我的故事，我可以激励他们向未知迈出一步。A. allow允许；B. inspire激励；C. require要求；D. promise承诺。根据“I realized that I could achieve more than I ever ___19___ was possible—but more importantly, by sharing my story with others,”可知，作者通过自己的故事来激励大家。故选B。
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
A
Better China Trip aims to be a bridge for you in China. Whether you are here on business or simply for sightseeing, we offer you a city-to-city transportation, tour guide, and interpreter service. We can also try to assist you in answering any questions you might have with your business in China. For sightseers, we aim to ensure you see the highlights of any particular city or location you want to visit. You can either research your trip by yourself and bring us a preferred itinerary, or make use of our expert local knowledge to suggest one to you. You’d better discuss it with us before you start out; simply email or ring us up. You can also register your personal information, and book any service you need. The following are our services that you can order.
We have Beijing car rental, Beijing van(货车) rental, and Beijing driver services. Better China Trip provides car rental services in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xi’an, Guilin, etc.
Services available:
1. Car, van and bus rental for business/shopping/sightseeing.
2. Translators and interpreters from Chinese to English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, German, Italian, Russian, etc.
3. Beijing airport transfers(pick-up and drop-off).
4. Hotel and air or train tickets booking.
5. Tour guides& services for the Great Wall, Tiananmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, the Temple of Heaven, the Ming Tombs, etc.
6. Tickets booking for Kungfu shows, magic, Peking Opera, etc.
7. Health care: traditional Chinese massage(按摩), foot massage, body massage.
8. Experiencing local Beijing Hutong life by tricycle.
Contact us:
You can visit our website at: www.betterchinatrip.com.
Tel: 010 84026538(within China); 008610 84026538(outside China);
Email: bctrip01@gmail.com
MSN(Microsoft service Network):bctrip01@gmail.com
36. Whom will Better China Trip serve mainly?
A. The citizens who live or work in Beijing.
B. Whoever has language difficulty in China.
C. Whoever travels or does business in China.
D. The athletes coming to Beijing for big games.
37. What does the underlined word “itinerary” probably mean?
A. Living condition.
B. A plan for a journey.
C. A perfect working plan.
D. A shopping arrangement.
38. When is the best time for you to contact the service company?
A. Before you set out.
B. When you arrive in Beijing.
C. When you have any trouble.
D. After you start your travel.
39. With the help of the company you can get the service of _______.
A getting a passport to go abroad
B. tour guides who speak many languages
C. driving you to any place at any time
D. getting the tickets to a Kungfu show
40. We can learn from this passage that _______.
A this passage probably comes from a car magazine
B. you can visit places of interest with expert tour guides
C. you can ride a tricycle to any tourist attraction in Beijing
D. Better China Trip only provides car rental services in Beijing
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了Better China Trip的相关信息。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Whether you are here on business or simply for sightseeing, we offer you a city-to-city transportation, tour guide, and interpreter service.”（无论您是出差还是观光，我们都为您提供城市到城市的交通、导游和翻译服务）可知，Better China Trip主要服务于来中国旅游或者做生意的人。故选C项。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“You can either research your trip by yourself and bring us a preferred itinerary, or make use of our expert local knowledge to suggest one to you.”（你可以自己研究一下你的旅行，给我们一个首选的itinerary，或者利用我们当地的专业知识给你推荐一个行程计划）可知，itinerary指的是“行程计划”故选B项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“You’d better discuss it with us before you start out; simply email or ring us up.”（你最好在出发前和我们讨论一下，发邮件或打电话给我们。）由此可知，出发之前最好联系一下服务公司。故选A项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“6. Tickets booking for Kungfu shows, magic, Peking Opera, etc.”（第六条 预定功夫表演、魔术、京剧等演出的门票）可知，在公司的帮助下，你可以获得功夫表演的门票。故选D项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Tour guides& services for the Great Wall, Tiananmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, the Temple of Heaven, the Ming Tombs, etc.”（享有长城、天安门广场、紫禁城、颐和园、天坛、十三陵等地的导游和服务。）由此判断出，你可以和专业导游一起参观名胜古迹。故选B项。
B
Recently my friend invited me to her residential hall, which is an African-American themed hall. They have lots of meetings and outings there. So I thought it would be fun. On this particular day they were having a pancake breakfast, just a time to mix. I was excited to be there, too.
I walked in at a time when the mini-party was at its peak. I found my friend; excitedly, we hugged and she led me to a seat in the back. We sat there for some time. I sensed some sort of discrimination. I wondered, were we just isolating ourselves or were we facing discrimination?
My friend’s breakfast came in first, and it was a plate full of colors. My mouth watered. I have always liked rainbow dishes: they make me hungry. She let me pick pancakes and fruit; we ate and only then began to talk.
The black American contemporary music was extremely loud. Some boys and girls were beating the tables and some guys on the stage were dancing in what looked like a kind of competition.
We talked about various subjects: hair, boys, shoes and books. And then we got to it. “What do African Americans think of Africans?”
We argued. I told her I thought African Americans were haughty. Why did they sideline us? When we met in a narrow passage and our eyes met, they quickly looked aside before we greeted. Why? Weren’t we all black? I mean, wasn’t this exactly the reason why there was an African-American themed house to begin with?
Did they look down upon us because they grew up in America and we in Sub-Saharan Africa? Oh yes, I felt this was it! They believed that we were HIV-positive and that the giraffes were right behind our huts.
My friend uttered, “No!” And then she continued：
“I also thought so at one point but after living with these guys, I got to a different conclusion altogether. These guys are not from Africa. They were not born there and may have never been there. We can’t expect them to naturally like us or bond. We are different. Skin color is the skin color.”
41. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that the author ________.
A. is an African American B. is an American African
C. was late for the party D. was crazy about parties
42. What does the author think of the breakfast?
A. Delicious. B. Just so-so.
C. A bit salty. D. A little sweet.
43. The underlined word “haughty’’ in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to“________”.
A. kind-hearted B. modest
C. fashionable D. proud
44. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. They had a good time at the party.
B. They turned down the music for me.
C. Some of them broke the tables.
D. They had a competition at the party.
45. Which statement is NOT true according to this text?
A. The author was brought up in Sub-Saharan Africa.
B. The friend had the same idea as the author before.
C. The African Americans are born in America.
D. The African Americans have nothing in common with Africans.
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述最近朋友邀请作者参加了当地的非洲裔美国人的一次黑人主题活动，了解到当地黑人已经完全融入了当地社会，只是肤色不同而已。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“I walked in at a time when the mini-party was at its peak.(我走进来的时候，迷你派对正值高潮)”可知，作者到的时候已经是聚会的高潮了。由此推知，作者迟到了。故选C。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“My mouth watered.(我流口水了)”可推知，早餐是可口的。A. Delicious.美味的，可口的；B. Just so-so. 一般般；C. A bit salty. 有点咸；D. A little sweet.有点甜。故选A。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线所在的句子“We argued. I told her I thought African Americans were haughty. Why did they sideline us? When we met in a narrow passage and our eyes met, they quickly looked aside before we greeted. Why? Weren’t we all black?(我们吵了起来，我告诉她，我认为非裔美国人很haughty。为什么把我们排挤在一边？当我们在一条狭窄的通道里相遇时，我们的目光相遇，他们在我们打招呼之前迅速地向一边看了看，为什么？我们不都是黑人吗？)”可知，在作者看来，非洲裔美国人排斥他人，与他们相遇时，目转向他处这都是高傲的表现。由此可知，划线词意为“傲慢的”。A. kind-hearted 热心的；B. modest 谦虚的；C. fashionable 时尚的；D. proud 骄傲的。故选D。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The black American contemporary music was extremely loud. Some boys and girls were beating the tables and some guys on the stage were dancing in what looked like a kind of competition.(美国黑人的当代音乐非常响亮，一些男孩和女孩在桌子上敲打，一些男孩在舞台上跳舞，看起来像一场比赛)”可推知，他们在舞台上玩的很愉快。故选A。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Did they look down upon us because they grew up in America and we in Sub-Saharan Africa?(他们看不起我们是因为他们在美国长大，而我们在撒哈拉以南的非洲长大)”可知，非裔美国人是在美国长大的，作者是在撒哈拉以南的非洲长大的，所以A和C正确；根据最后一段第一句“I also thought so at one point but after living with these guys, I got to a different conclusion altogether.(有一次我也这么认为，但在和这些人一起生活后，我得出了完全不同的结论)”可知，这位朋友和作者以前有同样的想法。所以B正确。根据第六段“We argued. I told her I thought African Americans were haughty. Why did they sideline us? When we met in a narrow passage and our eyes met, they quickly looked aside before we greeted. Why? Weren’t we all black?(我们吵了起来，我告诉她，我认为非裔美国人很傲慢。为什么把我们排挤在一边？当我们在一条狭窄的通道里相遇时，我们的目光相遇，他们在我们打招呼之前迅速地向一边看了看，为什么？我们不都是黑人吗？)”可知，他们都是黑人，所以D不正确。故选D。
C
There’s a whole lot of things that people fill their stomachs with. Some of them keep people alive. Some of them taste good to people. Some of them help people win pie-eating contests. Alcohol does none of those things. Why do people keep drinking it? And what does it do once it gets to their stomachs?
There are all kinds of alcohol molecules (分子)，but the one that people most often pour down their throat is ethanol (乙醇)．Ethanol is very tiny and it dissolves in water, so it gets into all sorts of places that it’s not supposed to. Alcohol heads for the digestive system. Because it dissolves in water, it can get into the water in the bloodstream. Because ethanol, to a certain extent, can pass through cell membranes (膜). It can go almost anywhere. It spreads through the muscles, and is sweated — unmetabolized (未经新陈代新的) and whole — through the skin. It gets into the heart. It even takes a walk through the brain, and this is the secret of its powers.
Alcohol depresses the nerves, and the nerves affect almost every area of the body. Enough alcohol makes people sleep, so people who become unconscious choke on their own vomit (呕吐物). Most worryingly, enough alcohol can shut down those parts of the brain just like any other parts. People become unconscious and their brains simply forget to breathe.
Alcohol is broken down in the liver. Alcohol doesn’t destroy the liver, but products that the liver breaks the alcohol into do cause damage. A glass of wine per day can not do any harm. Instead, it can prevent heart attacks or can make someone functionally young. And it is kind of nice to know that sometimes, relaxation and cheer can be bottled. All that’s needed is to take care how much alcohol is let into a person’s brain.
46. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?
A. By statement. B. By question. C. By arguing. D. By explaining.
47. Why can Alcohol reach the brain?
A. Because it can move through water molecules in the blood.
B. Because it is small enough to get through any narrow space.
C. Because it is so light that the bloodstream can transport it.
D. Because it is absorbed only by the cells in the stomach.
48. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. Alcohol affects the work of the nerves.
B. Alcohol has an effect on people’s breath.
C. People are drunk when their brains get drunk.
D. Drinking too much is quite dangerous.
49. From the passage, we can know ________.
A. many people like a drink when they feel relaxed
B. enough alcohol can control the brain activities
C. alcohol damage the liver indirectly
D. proper alcohol may lead to better sleep
50. What suggestion does the author give on drinking alcohol?
A. Controlling the time of drinking.
B. Controlling the amount of drinking.
C. Choosing the kind of drink.
D. Choosing the place of drinking.
【答案】46. B 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了酒精是如何进入人的大脑的、过度饮酒的危害以及建议大家要控制饮酒量。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Why do people keep drinking it? And what does it do once it gets to their stomachs?(为什么人们总是喝它?它到达它们的胃后会做什么?)”可推断，本文作者是通过提问的方式来介绍文章的主题。故选B。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Ethanol is very tiny and it dissolves in water, so it gets into all sorts of places that it’s not supposed to. Alcohol heads for the digestive system. Because it dissolves in water, it can get into the water in the bloodstream.…It even takes a walk through the brain, and this is the secret of its powers.(乙醇非常小，能溶于水，所以它会进入各种不该进入的地方。酒精会进入消化系统。因为它溶于水，所以它可以进入血液中的水。……它甚至会穿过大脑，这就是它力量的秘密。)”可推知，酒精会到达大脑是因为它可以通过血液中的水分子移动。故选A。
【48题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Alcohol depresses the nerves, and the nerves affect almost every area of the body.(酒精会抑制神经，而神经会影响到身体的每一个部位。)”可知，第三段主要讲述的是酒精的危害。故选D。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Alcohol doesn’t destroy the liver, but products that the liver breaks the alcohol into do cause damage.(酒精不会破坏肝脏，但肝脏将酒精分解成的产品确实会造成损害。)”可知，酒精间接损害肝脏。故选C。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“A glass of wine per day can not do any harm. Instead, it can prevent heart attacks or can make someone functionally young. And it is kind of nice to know that sometimes, relaxation and cheer can be bottled. All that’s needed is to take care how much alcohol is let into a person’s brain.(每天喝一杯酒不会有什么坏处。相反，它可以预防心脏病发作，或者让人变得年轻。有时候，知道放松和欢乐可以装在瓶中是一种很好的感觉。所需要做的就是注意进入大脑的酒精量。)”可知，作者建议大家控制饮酒量。故选B。
D
Amy Chua is the author of “Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother.” In the book, Chua, also a professor at Yale Law School, states her child-bringing-up method learned from her parents moving here from China years ago: no sleepovers, no television, no grades lower than an A.
“We guessed her book would cause much disagreement,” Wang Feifei, editor at CITIC Publishing House, told the reporter. “We don’t take it as a traditional parenting book, largely because it involves cross-cultural conflict.” The book has been available online since Mid-January and ranked No. 80 in sales on Joyo.com, a Chinese version of Amazon. It is to receive wider distribution (发行) at bookstores after the Feb. 3 Chinese New Year holiday.
The book has struck a nerve with Americans, especially American mothers. An article published earlier this month in the Wall Street Journal, called Why Chinese Mothers are Better, lit a strong reaction (the article now has close to 8,000 comments and most of them are critical, many of them completely unfriendly).
And that’s just what she did on Tuesday night’s show “The Colbert Report.” The host Stephen Colbert put Chua on the spot. “People have accused you of saying that the Chinese way of raising a child is better to what Western mothers do. True or false?” he asked. “Uh… false,” Chua replied, her voice uncertain. Colbert seized the opportunity to point out Chua’s inconsistency (不一致). “So you raised your children in a worse way?” Chua made a set of defensive talking points, some of them more convincing than others. Her arguments in defense of strict parenting were “I think if you give a 5-or 8-year-old free choice, I think that’s going to be video games.” Chua thinks that anyone can be what she calls a “Chinese Mother”; all you have to do is to demand hard work, determination and discipline from your children. “I think they are fundamental American values.”
51. What is Amy Chua’s method of bringing up her children like according to the passage?
A. Very open. B. Very loose.
C. Completely scientific. D. Very strict.
52. What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A. The book is on sale since mid-January.
B. In February more people will buy the book.
C. The book is a traditional parenting book.
D. Joyo.com is a Chinese version of Amazon.
53. From the third paragraph, we will know ________.
A. American mothers admire Chinese Mothers
B. Chinese mothers are better than American mothers
C. many Americans dislike Tiger mother’s method
D. American parenting is completely different from Tiger mother’s
54. What does the underlined word “they” mean in the last paragraph?
A. American values. B. Free choices for children.
C. Hard work, determination and discipline. D. Parenting methods.
55. How did Chua defend herself when questioned by Stephen Colbert?
A. Explaining her parenting methods with American values.
B. Taking two children’s stories for example.
C. Talking about her own experience in raising children.
D. Proving disadvantages of video games to children.
【答案】51. D 52. B 53. C 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了蔡美儿的书《虎妈战歌》，以及这本书出版后引发的关于教育方法的讨论。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Amy Chua is the author of “Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother.” In the book, Chua, also a professor at Yale Law School, states her child-bringing-up method learned from her parents moving here from China years ago: no sleepovers, no television, no grades lower than an A.”（蔡美儿是《虎妈战歌》的作者。在这本书中，蔡美儿也是耶鲁法学院的教授，陈述了她的孩子的抚养方法，这些方法是从多年前从中国搬到这里的她的父母那里学到的：不在外面过夜，不看电视，成绩不低于A。）可知，蔡美儿抚养孩子的方法是不允许孩子在外面过夜和看电视，考试成绩不能低于A，由此可推断出，这些方法是非常严格的。故选D项。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“It is to receive wider distribution (发行) at bookstores after the Feb. 3 Chinese New Year holiday.”（它将在2月3日农历新年假期后在书店得到更广泛的发行。）可知，《虎妈战歌》将在2月3日后在书店得到更广泛的发行，由此可推断出，二月份会有更多的人购买这本书。故选B项。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“An article published earlier this month in the Wall Street Journal, called Why Chinese Mothers are Better, lit a strong reaction (the article now has close to 8,000 comments and most of them are critical, many of them completely unfriendly).”（本月早些时候，《华尔街日报》发表了一篇题为《为什么中国母亲更好》的文章，引起了强烈反响（这篇文章现在有近8000条评论，其中大多数是批评，其中许多评论完全不友好）。）可知，大多数美国人对这本书是持批评态度的，有很多评论是不友好的，由此可推断出，许多美国人不喜欢虎妈的教育方法。故选C项。
【54题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“Chua thinks that anyone can be what she calls a “Chinese Mother”; all you have to do is to demand hard work, determination and discipline from your children.”（蔡美儿认为任何人都可以成为她所谓“中国母亲”；你所要做的就是要求你的孩子努力工作、有决心和守纪律。）可知，蔡美儿认为成为“中国母亲”并不难，只需要要求孩子努力工作、有决心和守纪律，由此可知，下文指的是“努力工作、有决心和守纪律是美国的基本价值观”，“they”代指上文提到的“hard work, determination and discipline”，意思是“努力工作、有决心和守纪律”。故选C项。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Her arguments in defense of strict parenting were “I think if you give a 5-or 8-year-old free choice, I think that’s going to be video games.” Chua thinks that anyone can be what she calls a “Chinese Mother”; all you have to do is to demand hard work, determination and discipline from your children. “I think they are fundamental American values.””（蔡美儿为她严格的育儿方法辩护的理由是：“我认为如果你给一个5岁或8岁的孩子自由选择，我认为那将是电子游戏。”蔡美儿认为任何人都可以成为她所谓的“中国妈妈”；你所要做的就是要求你的孩子努力工作、有决心和守纪律。”我认为这是美国的基本价值观。”）可知，蔡美儿在为自己辩护时指出，她所要求孩子做到的是“努力工作、有决心和守纪律”，而这正是美国的基本价值观，所以事实上任何人都可以成为她所谓的“中国妈妈”，由此可推断出，当斯蒂芬·科尔伯特质问蔡美儿时，她是通过用美国价值观解释她的育儿方法，来为自己进行辩护的。故选A项。
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
Normally, I loved birthdays. When my son and three daughters were little, my husband, Charles, and I always made sure to have dinner, followed by a big cake and presents.
Later, when the kids grew up and lived in different states, they always called to wish me a happy birthday. But this year I could have skipped the whole day, knowing there was one call I wouldn’t be receiving, the one from my daughter Patty. She’d passed away unexpectedly just a month before. One thing which made me feel a little calm was a voice message that she’d left on my cell phone the night before she died, telling me she loved me.
Over the following days I played her message of wishes over and over again, listening to the last words she said. “I love you very, very much, Mom.” Then, a couple of weeks before my birthday, while I was doing laundry (洗衣服), I accidentally dropped my phone in the washing machine. Quickly I pulled it out and dried it off, but when I checked my voicemail, Patty’s message was gone. I cried, heartbroken. Day after day I kept checking my voicemail, hoping Patty’s message would reappear. It never did.
On the morning of my birthday, I received my son’s wishes. However, all I wanted for my birthday was to hear Patty’s voice again. “Happy birthday.” Charles said, “let’s go out for dinner and a movie. It might help take your mind off things.” Charles was right. I turned off my phone, settled into my seat in the movie theater and let the film take me away. But the minute it ended I started thinking about Patty again. As we were walking out of the theater, I turned on my phone. It rang, signaling I’d gotten a voice message. Probably just my youngest daughter, Leslie, calling to wish me a happy birthday, I thought.
I dialed up voicemail and the message began. It was Patty’s voice, clear as a bell, saying again, “I love you very, very much, Mom.”
56. How did the family celebrate the author’s birthday when the children were young? (no more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________
57. Why didn’t the author want to celebrate her birthday this year? (no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________
58. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph? (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________
59. What happened when the author was doing some washing one day? (no more than 15 words)
_______________________________________________________________
60. What do you think of the story? Give your reasons in your own words. (no more than 20 words)
________________________________________________________________
【答案】56. By having dinner with a big cake and presents./They had dinner with a big cake and presents.
57. Because she knew she couldn’t receive her daughter Patty’s call/wishes.
Or: Because her daughter Patty passed away and couldn’t send her wishes.
58. It might help her forget sadness/sad things/Patty’s death.
59. She accidentally dropped her phone into the washing machine and lost the voicemail from Patty.
60. (Open) I think it is moving/touching. Because whatever happens, the great love between parents and children still exists.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者以前喜欢过生日。但今年女儿帕蒂意外去世，死前留给作者一条妈妈我爱你的语音，作者伤心之余只能借助语音聊解思念。但手机意外掉入洗衣机，这条语音不见了，让作者心碎。生日当天丈夫拉着作者去看电影希望能慰藉她。最后，走出电影院，打开手机，语音信箱里又弹出了新消息，正是帕蒂的那条语音：“妈妈，我非常非常爱你。”
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“When my son and three daughters were little, my husband, Charles, and I always made sure to have dinner, followed by a big cake and presents.(当我的儿子和三个女儿还小的时候，我和丈夫查尔斯总是确保过生日时吃大餐，然后是一个大蛋糕和礼物)”可知，孩子们还小的时候庆祝生日的方式为大餐，蛋糕和礼物。回答how提问可以用by doing或完整句子回答。故答案为By having dinner with a big cake and presents.或They had dinner with a big cake and presents.
【57题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“But this year I could have skipped the whole day, knowing there was one call I wouldn’t be receiving, the one from my daughter Patty. She’d passed away unexpectedly just a month before.(但今年我本可以跳过过生日一整天，因为我知道有一个我接不到的电话，那是我女儿帕蒂的电话。就在一个月前她意外地去世了)”可知，作者今年不想过生日是因为女儿意外去世，再也无法受到女儿的生日祝福。故答案为Because she knew she couldn’t receive her daughter Patty’s call/wishes.或Because her daughter Patty passed away and couldn’t send her wishes.
【58题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据文章第三段“I cried, heartbroken. Day after day I kept checking my voicemail, hoping Patty’s message would reappear. It never did.(我伤心地哭了。我日复一日地查看我的语音信箱，希望帕蒂的信息能再次出现。但它从来没有)”可知，作者沉浸于悲伤的情绪中，作者的丈夫邀请她一起吃饭看电影是为了慰藉她，从悲伤的情绪中抽离。故答案为It might help her forget sadness/sad things/Patty’s death.
【59题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“while I was doing laundry (洗衣服), I accidentally dropped my phone in the washing machine. Quickly I pulled it out and dried it off, but when I checked my voicemail, Patty’s message was gone.(当我在洗衣服的时候，不小心把手机掉进了洗衣机里。我很快把它拿出来，擦干了，但当我查看我的语音信箱时，帕蒂的信息不见了)”可知，作者洗衣服时发生的事情是手机误掉在洗衣机里，已故女儿留给她的语音不见了。故答案为She accidentally dropped her phone into the washing machine and lost the voicemail from Patty.
【60题详解】
开放型题目。根据文章第一段“knowing there was one call I wouldn’t be receiving, the one from my daughter Patty. She’d passed away unexpectedly just a month before.(因为我知道有一个我接不到的电话，那是我女儿帕蒂的电话。就在一个月前她意外地去世了)”和第三段“but when I checked my voicemail, Patty’s message was gone. I cried, heartbroken. Day after day I kept checking my voicemail, hoping Patty’s message would reappear. It never did.(但当我查看我的语音信箱时，帕蒂的信息不见了。我伤心地哭了。我日复一日地查看我的语音信箱，希望帕蒂的信息能再次出现。但它从来没有)”以及最后一段“I dialed up voicemail and the message began. It was Patty’s voice, clear as a bell, saying again, “I love you very, very much, Mom.”(我点开了语音信箱，那是帕蒂的声音，清晰的声音传来 “我非常非常爱你，妈妈。”)”可知，讲述了父母与儿女之间生死也斩不断的真挚深情和彼此深爱，让人深深感动。故答案可以是I think it is moving/touching. Because whatever happens, the great love between parents and children still exists.
第二节：书面表达(满分10分)
61. 假如你是高三学生李津，你的美国朋友Tim发来邮件询问你校2月28日举行的百日誓师大会有关情况，请你回复一封邮件介绍详情。邮件内容包括：
(1)介绍大会的时间、地点及参会者。
(2)大会主要过程（教师代表发言、学生代表发言，家长代表发言，全体宣誓等）。
(3)你的感受。
注意:(1)词数不少于100词；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
(4)文章不可透露你校具体校名等信息。
参考词汇：
宣誓 make an oath
百日誓师大会 the One Hundred-day Pledging Conference
Dear Tim,
How delighted I am to write in response to your care for my school life!
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Tim,
How delighted I am to write in response to your care for my school life! And I can’t wait to share with you the One hundred-day Pledging Conference held in my school.
It was on Feb. 28 that the conference took place in the lecture hall. Present at the conference were all the Senior 3 students, teachers, leaders and some representatives of parents, some of whom delivered wonderful speeches not only to encourage us to make full use of the last 100 days to improve our study, but also to wish us to succeed in the College Entrance Examination. Finally, all of us students stood up and made an oath that we would spare no effort to study to live up to their expectations.
Such was the conference by which I was deeply touched and determined to put myself into the final revision whole-heartedly to realize my dream.
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是高三学生李津，你的美国朋友Tim发来邮件询问你校2月28日举行的百日誓师大会有关情况，请考生回复一封邮件介绍详情。
【详解】1.词汇积累
关心：care for→ be concerned with
举行：take place→ hold
充分利用： make full use of→ take full advantage of
符合：live up to→ conform to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：And I can’t wait to share with you the One hundred-day Pledging Conference held in my school.
拓展句：And I can’t wait to share with you the One hundred-day Pledging Conference which was held in my school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Present at the conference were all the Senior 3 students, teachers, leaders and some representatives of parents, some of whom delivered wonderful speeches not only to encourage us to make full use of the last 100 days to improve our study, but also to wish us to succeed in the College Entrance Examination.（运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Finally, all of us students stood up and made an oath that we would spare no effort to study to live up to their expectations.（运用了that连接的同位语从句）
听力部分
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
62. How will the speakers get to the museum?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway.
63. When can the woman finish the typing?
A. On Wednesday morning. B. On Thursday afternoon. C. On Friday evening.
64. Where are the speakers?
A. At a laundry. B. At a clothes store. C. At a supermarket.
65. Why did the man leave London?
A. He didn’t love the city.
B. He needed to live in his wife’s city.
C. He couldn’t afford the expenses there.
66. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A storm. B. A flight. C. An accident.
第二节(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。
67. What kind of cooking course does the college offer?
A. Chinese. B. French. C. Italian.
68. When will the woman most probably take classes?
A. On Tuesday afternoons. B. On Thursday mornings. C. On Friday evenings.
69. How much should the woman pay if she takes the course?
A. $75. B. $125. C. $200.
听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。
70. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Schoolmates. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and student.
71. What is the science professor like?
A. Interesting. B. Unfair. C. Strict.
72. Why does the woman want to take the film course?
A. She likes seeing films. B. It’s easy to get high grades. C. She thinks it’s useful to do it.
听下面一段对话，回答第12至第15小题。
73 What is the man doing?
A. Introducing a book. B. Having an interview. C. Telling a story.
74. What do the organization members do?
A. They help setting up schools. B. They organize medical centers. C. They do business with local people.
75. What made the man make the decision?
A. A local product. B. A trip to Brazil. C. A Brazilian organization.
76. What does the man find interesting in the book?
A. The climate change across the world.
B. The projects introduced in the Netherlands.
C. The energy saving project of natural resources.
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