2024届高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第一册UNIT5WORKING THE LAND课时作业含答案

这是一份2024届高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第一册UNIT5WORKING THE LAND课时作业含答案，共8页。

UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND


　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(湖南省三湘名校教育联盟2022届高三第一次大联考)Teaching the next generation is an effective way to change the future. A nonprofit organization in Israel has taken this to heart by greening schools with soilless farming. It is called Startup Roots, which is teaching students about hydroponics(水培), and as a result, they are learning nutrition and science.
“Many children think that vegetables come from the grocery store. They have no concept of the chain behind it. So we try to connect kids with the source of their food,” said Robin Katz, founder of this organization. Katz started it in 2014,realizing that many children have no access to fresh, healthy and affordable produce. She was drawn to hydroponics because this system uses 90 percent less water and grows more plants per meter than traditional farming.
Their first project created a soilless farm using just 100 square meters of a school. They started out by growing 14 plants per meter. The students were excited to see results in just 30 days and were soon able to produce 1,500 vegetables per month!
Working with science teachers, the organization guides students to learn science and nutrition. In addition, it has brought in nutritionists to teach the effect that food choices have on health. It soon improved their methods by fixing vertical farming systems. Since then, their production has improved greatly, resulting in the production of 120 plants per meter.
In order to educate the general population, the organization is also working to create an interactive urban agriculture exhibit, which is transforming students by turning them into interactive learners. More youth have become so fascinated by the process, they are eagerly researching plant seeds and are growing plants.
“There is no greater pleasure than to watch students grow by growing,” said Katz. Aside from producing organic vegetables in schools, the organization is planting roots in this young generation, inspiring them to lead healthier and more environmentally-friendly lives.
1.Why did Robin Katz show interest in hydroponics?
A.It took less land than traditional farming.
B.It caused no damage to the environment.
C.It was easy to produce good vegetables.
D.It saved water and had a higher yield.
2.What can we learn about the first soilless farm?
A.It produced 120 plants per meter.
B.It relied on vertical farming systems.
C.It produced vegetables in a month.
D.It was designed by science teachers.
3.What is the final influence of the new farming system?
A.Students will grow better plants.
B.Students will change their lifestyle.
C.Students will protect environment.
D.Students will eat organic vegetables.
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A.Inspiring Future Hydroponic Farming
B.A Soilless Farm on Exhibition
C.Researching Plant Seeds in Future
D.Helping Students Grow Better
　　【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,讲述了以色列一家非营利组织通过新耕作制度(水培法),让学生了解营养和科学,并鼓励学生过更健康环保的生活。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She was drawn to hydroponics because this system uses 90 percent less water and grows more plants per meter than traditional farming.”可知,水栽培技术消耗更少的水并且产量比传统种植高。故选D项。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The students were excited to see results in just 30 days and were soon able to produce 1,500 vegetables per month!”可知,水栽培技术栽种的蔬菜在30天内可以采摘。故选C项。
3.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Teaching the next generation is an effective way to change the future.”和最后两段的内容可判断,Startup Roots指导学生学水栽培技术的终极目标是改变他们的未来生活方式。故选B项。
4.A　标题推测题。本文主要讲的是一家非营利组织如何指导学生学习水栽培技术从而让他们成为擅长水栽培技术的人。故选A项。
B
(山东省潍坊市2022届高三下学期3月一模考试)Thirty-five years ago, with just one acre of land, a couple of seeds and a bucket of hope, one Nigerian-born scientist began his mission to defeat famine(饥荒) on his continent.
News of the drought across Africa in the early 1980s troubled Nzamujo. Equipped with a microbiology PhD and his faith, he travelled back to Africa. There, he found a continent ecologically rich, diverse and capable of producing food. He believes drought wasn’t the only reason for widespread hunger, and that sustainability had been left out.
Nzamujo began designing a “zero waste” agriculture system that would not only increase food security, but also help the environment and create jobs. In 1985, he started his sustainable farm “Songhai” in the West African country of Benin.
Nzamujo lives on the farm and constantly updates his techniques. He credits his degrees in science and engineering for Songhai’s success. But he also thanks his spiritual and cultural roots, and his father — a driving force in his life who encouraged him to pursue his studies to the highest degree and to use Songhai to share his knowledge.
Songhai has several “eco-literacy” development programs. They range from 18-month training courses for farmer-enterprisers, to shorter stays to learn techniques like weeding. People come from all over the world to study Nzamujo’s methods.
After seeing success on his first zero waste farm, he expanded throughout Benin and western Africa. Today, the Songhai model is applied across the continent, including Nigena, Uganda, Sierra Leone and Liberia, Nzamujo says they’ve trained more than 7,000 farmer-enterprisers and more than 30, 000 people in total since it began.
Nzamujo believes zero waste agriculture is now steadily tackling the issues he set out to defeat, hunger, unemployment and environmental declines. And he wants to see it go further.
5.Which factor related to famine was unnoticed in Nzamujo’s eyes?
A.Poor soil. B.Water shortage.
C.Lack of resources. D.Unsustainability.
6.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3?
A.Introduce a solution.
B.Give examples to the readers.
C.Add some background information.
D.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
7.How does Songhai help to ease the problem of famine?
A.By offering land.
B.By trading seeds.
C.By educating farmers.
D.By selling technology.
8.Which of the following best describes Nzamujo?
A.Critical and careful.
B.Learned and responsible.
C.Optimistic and generous.
D.Considerate and ambitious.
　　【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了学识渊博且有责任心的Nzamujo博士回到非洲,设计“零浪费”农业系统,创立“松海”农场,帮助那里的人们缓解饥荒问题。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段可知,在Nzamujo看来,可持续性是被人们忽略了的造成饥荒的一个原因,换句话说,人们没有注意到农业的不可持续性问题。故选D项。
6.A　推理判断题。根据第三段可推知,第三段介绍Nzamujo的解决方案,“零浪费”农业系统。故选A项。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第五段可知,Songhai项目通过培训农民来帮助缓解饥荒问题。故选C项。
8.B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知,获得微生物学博士学位的Nzamujo得知非洲人民遭受饥荒时,带着自己的知识和信仰回到非洲,去帮助那里的人们。由此推知,Nzamujo不但学识渊博,而且有责任心。故选B项。
C
(山东省日照市2022届高三下学期3月一模考试)Plants don’t have ears or a central nervous system, but new research out of the University of Missouri has demonstrated that they might still have the ability to “hear”. More specifically, plants have been shown to exhibit an immune(免疫) response to the mere sound of a hungry insect.
For the study, researchers played the sound of a caterpillar chewing to a group of plants, which caused slight vibrations(振动) on the plants’ leaves. The plants were able to recognize these vibration patterns as danger, and responded by mounting the appropriate immune response. In other words, it appears that plants can “hear” themselves being chewed on.
Researchers assume that plants achieve this remarkable ability thanks to proteins that respond to pressure found within their cell membranes. Vibrations cause pressure changes within the cell, which can change the behavior of the proteins; however, additional study will be required to confirm or deny this theory.
Once researchers identify the exact mechanisms at play in this process, it could lead to advances in crop protection. Farmers could potentially learn to use sound to cause a plant’s natural chemical defenses against insect threats, rather than turning to poisonous chemicals.
“We can imagine applications of this where plants could be treated with sound or genetically engineered to respond to certain sounds that would be useful for agriculture,” said study author Heidi Appel.
The study adds to the growing list of ways that plants have been shown to sense their environments. They are not the boring organisms that many people assume they are. For instance, some plants are able to communicate with each other and signal upcoming danger to their neighbours by releasing chemicals into the air. Plants can respond to light (think about sunflowers) and temperature. Some can even respond to touch, such as the Venus flytrap(捕蝇草), which snaps shut when an insect stimulates its hairs.
9.Why did researchers carry out the study?
A.To find out if plants can react to sounds.
B.To learn how plants recognize dangers.
C.To discover if plants can shake their leaves.
D.To see how plants improve immune systems.
10.What’s the potential use of researchers’ discovery?
A.To remove insects.
B.To protect crops.
C.To treat plant diseases.
D.To produce chemicals.
11.What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?
A.There are more plants than we know.
B.Plants are more active than we think.
C.Plants fit in well with their environments.
D.Lots of secrets about plants remain unclear.
12.What can be the best title for the text?
A.Can Plants “Talk” With Each Other?
B.How Do Plants Make Use of Sounds?
C.Can Plants “Hear” Themselves Being Eaten?
D.How Do Plants Defend Themselves Against Attacks?
　　【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。密苏里大学的一项新研究表明,植物可能有“听”的能力,对饥饿昆虫的声音有免疫反应。这项发现可以应用于农业以保护庄稼。
9.A　细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知,这项研究的目的是查明植物对声音是否有反应。
10.B　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,研究人员的这一发现的潜在用处是保护庄稼。
11.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,植物并不是人们所设想的乏味的生物体,下文举例说明植物能够互相交流,所以本段想要告诉我们植物比我们想的更加活跃。
12.C　标题推测题。通读全文,尤其是第一段可知,本文讲述一项新的研究:植物可能有“听”的能力,并讲述了这项发现的潜在应用。故C项“植物能‘听到’自己被吃掉的声音吗”适合作为文章标题。

Ⅱ.七选五阅读
(深圳市宝安区2022学年高三上学期检测)Most students feel more anxiety before and during an exam. Normal levels of stress can help you work, think faster and more effectively, and generally help you perform better in exams. 　1　 It can cause your mind to “blank out” or make you unable to concentrate. Here are some strategies to help you keep your anxiety to a manageable level. 
The better prepared you get for an exam, the less anxiety you’ll suffer from. 　2　 Six weeks before the exams is probably soon enough for the end of year exams, depending on where you are in your studies and what year you are in. Maintain your health—eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep and exercise regularly. 　3　 Look at exams as an opportunity to apply the knowledge and skills you’ve been learning throughout the term. The night before an exam, calmly review material one final time, organize all your supplies (your pens, calculator, eraser, and so on), and get a good night’s sleep. Get to the exam on time. Don’t talk to people outside the room because their nervousness could be “catching”. 
　4　 If you’re afraid you will forget important facts, write them down as soon as you get into exam. When needed, take a short relaxation break by closing your eyes, stretching(伸展) and relaxing muscles, and breathing deeply. If you start to panic, tell yourself. “I will stay calm. I can handle this.” Read directions carefully and stay focused on the exam. 　5　 Just keep working. Never leave early yourself. 
A.Staying positive is also important.
B.Pay no attention to students who finish early.
C.However, too much anxiety can lower your performance.
D.Spend some time thinking about what is causing the anxiety.
E.The key to reducing exam anxiety is to start your revision early.
F.As for anxiety during an exam, just follow the following strategies.
G.Remember that most people feel tense at this point — it is only natural.
　　【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。大部分同学都存在考前焦虑,正常的压力水平可以帮助人们更快、更有效地工作和思考,在考试中表现得更好,但过多的焦虑则有害。文章提供了一些有助于把焦虑保持在一个可管理的水平的建议。
1.C　结合空前后句可知,此处是一个转折句,与正常的压力形成对比,C项“然而,过多的焦虑会降低你的表现”符合题意。
2.E　结合上下句内容可知,空格处应表达为考试做准备的时间要充分。E项“减少考试焦虑的关键是尽早开始复习”符合题意。
3.A　根据下文“Look at exams as an opportunity to apply the knowledge and skills you’ve been learning throughout the term.”可推知,对待考试要有积极的态度。故选A项。
4.F　根据下文“If you’re afraid you will forget important facts, write them down as soon as you get into exam. When needed, take a short relaxation break by closing your eyes, stretching(伸展) and relaxing muscles, and breathing deeply.”可知,这些都是关于考试过程中感到焦虑的一些处理措施。F项“至于考试期间的焦虑,只需遵循以下策略”符合题意。
5.B　根据上文“Read directions carefully and stay focused on the exam.”以及下文“Just keep working. Never leave early yourself.”可知,此处指考试要全神贯注,尤其不要关注做得快的同学。B项“不要理会提前完成的学生”符合题意。