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Unit 5 Art World
Grammar
知识精讲
知识点01 because, since, as 引导的原因状语从句 教材P70-71
【用法详解】
1.原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。
He didn’t come to school because he was ill.
As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.
Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.
2.because表示直接原因，语气最强。because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。as和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从句多放在句首。
------Why aren’t you going there?
------Because I don’t want to.
As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.
Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.
3.because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4.because与because of 的区别:
because后只能接句子，而because of 后面只能接名词或名词短语，不能跟句子。
Because of the bad weather, we put off the sports meeting.
Because it rained yesterday, we put off the sports meeting.
【典例讲解】
1.Wolves will _________ their lives _________ the loss of the trees and forests.
A.lose; because B.lose; because of C.lost; because D.lost; because of
【答案】B
【解析】
句意： 因为许多树和森林的消失，狼将失去生命。lose one’s life失去生命；because后跟句子，空格后没有谓语动词，故排除A、C；will+动词原形，故排除C，根据句意故选B。
2.I went back not the rain, but I was tired.
A.because; because of B.because; because C.because of; because D.because of; because of
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：我回来不是因为下雨，而是因为我很累。考查because的用法。because，因为，是一个连词。because专门用于回答why提出的问题，后常接句子；because of表示由于、因为，后接名词、代词、动名词。rain作名词讲时，表示雨水，下雨的天气；作动词时，表示下雨。前半句中the rain是一个名词短语，空白处要用because of；后半句中I was tired是一个句子，此处要选用because，故答案为C。
3.I didn’t go to the party not the weather, but I didn’t feel well.
A.because of; because B.because; because of
C.because of; because of D.because; because
【答案】A
【解析】
本题考查because of 和because的用法。句意：“我去参加聚会不是因为天气原因，而是因为我感觉不舒服。”，because of + 短语/名词/代词/v.ing；because + 句子。“the weather”名词，故用because of；“I didn’t feel well.”完整句子，故用because，故选A。
4.________ we must keep away from the COVID-19(新冠病毒）, this spring we had to study at home .
A.Or B.So C.As D.But
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：今年春天，我们不得不在家学习，因为我们必须远离新冠病毒。考查连词。or或者；so因此；as因为；but但是；空格前后句是因果关系，属于“前果后因”结构，应用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。
知识点02 think highly of 教材P70
【用法详解】
think highly of = speak highly of 高度赞扬，高度评价
【典例讲解】
The coach thinks ________ of Mary’s sports talents, for she jumped very _______ at the sports meeting.
A.high; high B.highly; high C.high; highly D.highly; highly
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：教练高度评价玛丽的体育天赋，因为她在运动会上跳得很高。考查副词。在此句中high和highly都是副词，两者均可表示“高”但high通常表示具体的高，且主要修饰动词； highly主要表示很高的程度，意为“高度地，非常地”，可修饰动词speak，praise，think of等，结合句意“教练高度评价玛丽的体育天赋，因为她在运动会上跳得很高。”可知，第一个空用highly，第二个空用high，故选B。
【拓展】high 与highly 的区别
1. high 用作副词,通常表示具体的高。
He didn't jump high enough to win a prize 他跳得不够高,没能得奖。
The plane flew high above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞行。
He climbed high up the mountain. 他爬到山上高处。
2. highly 主要表示很高的程度,除修饰动词(如 speak, praise, think of等)外,还通常用于修饰分词或形容词(尤其是那些由动词派生而来的形容词, 有时相当于 very 或 much)。
Its highly amusing. 它有趣极了。
He is a highly ambitious person. 他是很有野心的人。
The Chinese were then a highly civilized people. 中国人那时已有高度文明。
知识点03 out of breath 教材P72
【用法详解】
breath n. 呼吸，气息 out of breath 上气不接下气
We had to stop for breath before we got to the top. 我们不得不喘口气，然后再登山顶。
take a deep breath 深深吸一口气 hold one’s breath 闭气；屏气
catch one's breath 屏息，歇口气，喘息，喘口气
breathe vi. 呼吸；低语；松口气
He breathed deeply before speaking again. 他深深吸一口气，然后继续说下去。
The air was so cold that we could hardly breathe. 空气非常寒冷，我们难以呼吸。
She was beginning to breathe more easily. 她呼吸开始较为顺畅了。
【典例讲解】
When the player finished running, he was out of _____.
A.breathe B.breathing
C.breath D.the breath
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：当那个运动员跑完步，他几乎喘不过气来了。此题考查介词后用名词。根据句意，应选C。
知识点04 last 教材P72
【用法详解】
last作为动词用法
1.持续；继续；延续
The meeting only lasted for a few minutes. 会议只开了几分钟。
Each game lasts about an hour. 每场比赛约一小时。
How long does the play last? 那出戏要演多长时间？
2. 继续存在；持续起作用；持久
This weather won't last. 这种天气持续不了多久。
He's making a big effort now, and I hope it lasts. 现在他正加紧努力，我希望他能坚持下去。
These shoes should last you till next year. 你这双鞋应该能穿到明年。
3.（在困境等中）坚持下去；超越（困境等）
She won't last long in that job. 她那份工作干不了多久。
【典例讲解】
How long _______ the celebrations for Mid-autumn Festival _______?
A.did…lasted B.does…last
C.do…lasts D.do…last
【答案】D
【解析】
询问中秋节的庆祝时间是一个客观事实，用一般现在时，排除A，然后真正的主语是celebrations是复数，助动词要用do，排除B，在特殊疑问句里，前面有助动词了，后面的动词要用原形，故选D。在这里last作动词表示持续。
能力拓展
一．单项选择。
1. The scientist was ___________ with the medal ___________ his achievements in the field.
A.presented；because of B.protected；because
C.prepared；because of D.provided；because
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：这位科学家因在该领域的成就而被授予奖章。考查动词辨析和介词短语。先看第二个空，because是连词，后面接原因状语从句，because of是介词短语，后面接名词或名词短语。第二个空格后面是名词achievements，故应填入because of，B、D选项可排除。presented颁发、授予；protected保护；prepared准备；provided提供。根据句意可知，第一个空格处应填入意为“授予”的单词，A选项符合句意，故选A。
2.–– Why did you look so __________ when you saw Tom?
––Oh, it’s almost ten years _________ we met last time.
A.excited; since B. exciting; after
C. excitedly; since D. excited; since
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：—你看到汤姆时为什么如此的激动？—哦，自从我们上次上次见面几乎10年了。根据句意及题干分析第一空修饰人应该用excited；第二空是“自从”，所以用since，故选D。
3.In China, we always use red paper for Hongbao ________ red means luck.
A.until B.if C.although D.because
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：在中国，我们总是用红纸做红包，因为红色意味着幸运。考查连词辨析。until 直到；if 如果；although 尽管；because 因为。根据题干“we always use red paper for Hongbao…red means luck”，可知前后是因果关系，后句表原因，设空处需填连词 because。故选D。
4.Every student thinks ______ of Mr Song, who sings ______ praises for every success the students have got.
A.high, high B.highly, highly C.highly, high D.high, highly
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：每个学生都高度评价宋先生，他对学生获得的每一次的成功都给予高度赞扬。本题第一空用副词highly修饰动词thinks; 第二空用形容词high修饰名词praises。故选C。
5. Don’t be nervous. Please deep , and then answer my questions.
A.take a; breathe B.take a; breath C.breathe; breath D.blow; breath
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：不要紧张。请做深呼吸。然后回答我的问题。blow吹；这里是祈使句，动词原形开头。短语take a deep breath表示做深呼吸；排除CD；breathe是动词，呼吸。排除A。根据题意，故选B。
6.The victim hurried into the police station and was _______________ at this time last night.
A.in the breathe B.out of breath
C.at the breathe D.a deep breath
【答案】B
【解析】
由The victim hurried into the police station ...受害人慌忙进入警察局，可知后句应是“上气不接下气”。out of breath 上气不接下气，所以答案是B。
7.It was her ___________ performance, but the memory was ____________.
A.last; lasting B.last; lasted C.lasted; lasting D.lasted; last
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：这是她的最后一次表演，但记忆在持续着。Last用作形容词，最后，上一次，最近一次，最后一次；用作动词，持续。所以选A。
8.We often give up chances of success ________ we are afraid to lose.
A.although B.but C.because D.so that
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：我们经常因为害怕失去而放弃成功的机会。考查连词辨析。although虽然；but但是；because因为；so that以便。“we are afraid to lose”是“We often give up chances of success”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
一．按照单词的适当形式填空。
1.— Do you know the __________(high) of this building?
— Yes. It’s about 100 metres high.
【答案】height
【解析】
句意：——你知道这个建筑物的高度吗？ ——是的。它大约100米高。空格前为定冠词the，故空格处应填入名词。high可转换为名词height，意为“高度”，且此处特指某一座建筑物的高度，故应用单数形式，故答案为height。
2.Shakespeare was ________（high）respected for his novels, plays and poems.
【答案】highly
【解析】
句意：莎士比亚因其小说、戏剧和诗歌而备受尊敬。这里是副词修饰动词“respected”，所给单词high高的，这里用副词highly高度地。这里是被受到高度地尊重。故答案为highly。
3.The room was filled with smoke, and it was becoming difficult to ________.（breath）
【答案】breathe
【解析】
句意：房间里充满了烟，呼吸越来越困难。提示词 breath是名词，意为“呼吸”，It is+形容词+to do sth.表示“做某事是……”，固定句型，所以此处使用breath的动词形式breathe。故填breathe。
二．完成句子
1.她不开心是因为她上学迟到了。
She was unhappy __________ she was late __________ school.
【答案】because for
【解析】
第一处表示“因为”，可用连词because引导原因状语从句；第二处构成“be late for”短语，意为“迟到”。故填because；for。
2.山东潍坊现在因制作风筝而出名。
Weifang in Shandong Province ______ ______ ______ making kites now.
【答案】is famous/known for
【解析】
be famous/known for因……而出名，主语Weifang in Shandong Province是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填is；famous/known；for。
3.近年来，中国政府为新毕业大学生创造了大量的工作机会。
Recently, the Chinese__________has__________plenty of work chances for fresh graduates.
【答案】government created
【解析】
the Chinese government“中国政府”；create“创造”，动词，由“the Chinese…has…”可知，本句为现在完成时态，故此处应用其过去分词形式。故填government；created。
4.既然汽车坏了，就什么都做不了了。
_____the car broke down, nothing_____________.
【答案】Since could be done
【解析】
根据汉语可知，空一是“既然，since”引导原因状语从句，首字母s大写；空二的动词“做，do”和主语“nothing”之间是被动关系，根据汉语应用情态动词can的被动语态，其构成形式为can be done；结合从句一般过去时态可知，主句也应用一般过去时的被动语态，can的过去式could；do的过去分词是done。故填Since；could be done。
5.由于虚拟现实科技，人们不必亲临其境即可游览国内外名胜。
____________of VR technology, people can ____________ places of interest both at home and abroad instead of going there in person.
【答案】Because visit
【解析】
根据中英文对照可知，这里缺的是“由于”和“游览”，英语中“由于”也就是“因为”，所以可以说成是because，“游览”也就是“参观”，英语是visit，且空格前有情态动词can，所以这里应该用动词原形，故答案为Because，visit。
题组B 能力提升练
一、完型填空
There was a king who loved art very much. One day a(n) 1 came and said, “Oh, give me a blank (空白的) wall in your palace and let me 2 a picture on it. It will be more beautiful than anything you have ever seen before.” The king happened to have a big new hall. So he 3 the artist to work on one of the walls.
At the same time, another artist came and said, “Oh, King! Please allow me to work on the 4 wall. I shall make exactly what that man makes on the wall 5 looking at his work,” The king decided to give this young man a chance.
The following day they began to work. The first artist brought in some common things, like paint, oil, water and so on. The second one came with a 6 and a bucket (桶).
A month later, they both finished the works. The king went to 7 the first artist’s wall. It was great. He was 8 with it and gave the artist a lot of money. He went to the second man, the same painting was on the opposite wall. The king was quite satisfied and gave him double money. However, he 9 how the second man had made it.
“I just polished the wall with the cloth,” the man said. The wall was made of white marble (大理石). He made it shine like a mirror. The reflection (倒影) of the first painting showed up on it!
It is said the 10 is a reflection of you, too. If you are sad, the world will be sad. If you are happy, the world will be happy.
1.A.musician B.artist C.server D.actress
2.A.put B.copy C.paint D.get
3.A.allowed B.realized C.warned D.decided
4.A.same B.similar C.opposite D.common
5.A.with B.under C.upon D.without
6.A.mirror B.cloth C.stick D.pencil
7.A.see B.touch C.research D.cover
8.A.busy B.cross C.popular D.pleased
9.A.knew B.noticed C.wondered D.agreed
10.A.story B.world C.king D.painter
【答案】
1-5 BCACD 6-10 BADCB
【文章大意】
文章大意：本文通过两位艺术家在墙壁上作画的故事，告诉我们：其实世界就是你的一个映象，如果你是快乐的，世界就是快乐的；如果你是悲伤的，那么世界就是悲伤的了。
【解析】
1.句意：有一天，一位艺术家过来说。musician音乐家；artist艺术家；server伺候者；actress女演员。根据下文“So he … the artist to work on one of the walls.”可知此处应是说一位艺术家过来说，故选B。
2.句意：哦，在你的宫殿里给我一堵空白的墙，让我在上面画一幅画。put放；copy复制；paint绘画；get得到。根据题干中的“a picture on it”，以及下文“The first artist brought in some common things, like paint, oil, water and so on.”这位艺术家带了油漆、油画颜料、水等东西，可知是要在墙上画画，用paint符合题意，故选C。
3.句意：所以他允许艺术家在其中一面墙上作画。allowed允许；realized意识到；warned警告；decided决定。根据上文“give me a blank (空白的) wall in your palace and let me … a picture on it.”艺术家请求在空白的墙上作画，结合下文语境，可知此处应是说国王允许了，用allowed符合题意，故选A。
4.句意：噢，国王!请允许我在对面的墙上作画。same相同的；similar相似的；opposite对面的；common普通的。根据下文“the same painting was on the opposite wall.”同样的画就在对面的墙上，可知此处应是说请允许我在对面的墙上作画，故选C。
5.句意：我将在不看那个人的作品的情况下在墙上做出和他做的完全一样的东西。with具有；under在……下面；upon在……之上；without无、不、没有。根据下文“The reflection (倒影) of the first painting showed up on it!”第一幅画倒影在了大理石墙面上，由此可知第二位艺术家不需要看第一位艺术家的作品就能做到，用without符合题意，故选D。
6.句意：第二位艺术家带来了一块布和一个桶。mirror镜子；cloth布；stick棍；pencil铅笔。根据下文“I just polished the wall with the cloth,”我只是用布擦亮了墙，可知第二位艺术带来了布，故选B。
7.句意：国王去看第一位艺术家的那面墙。see看见；touch触摸；research研究；cover覆盖。根据下文“It was great. He was … with it and gave the artist a lot of money.”可知国王是去看了第一位艺术家的画，用see符合题意，故选A。
8.句意：他很满意，给了这位艺术家很多钱。busy忙碌的；cross生气的；popular受欢迎的；pleased满意的。根据题干中的“gave the artist a lot of money.”给了这位艺术家很多钱，可知国王对第一位艺术家的画很满意，用be pleased with sth.表示“对……很满意”，故选D。
9.句意：然而，他想知道第二个人是如何做到的。knew知道；noticed注意到；wondered想知道；agreed同意。根据下文第二位艺术家解释自己是如何做到的，可推知此处应是国王想知道第二个人是如何做到的，用wondered符合题意，故选C。
10.句意：据说世界也是你的一个映象。story故事；world世界；king国王；painter画家。根据下文“If you are sad, the world will be sad. If you are happy, the world will be happy.”可知此处是说世界是你的一个映象，故选B。
题组C 培优拔尖练
一、阅读理解
A
Wushu is becoming more and more popular among Palestinian(巴勒斯坦) girls in the West Bank.
Sport Plus Academy is one of those sports clubs that teach girls wushu. “Until now, there have been more than 100 girls who have joined our team, and the number of trainees has been doubled in the past few months,” says Bissan Jarrar, the first woman coach of wushu from Ramallah city. Four years ago, Jarrar became interested in mastering wushu. Later, the young woman managed to win local and international prizes and finally became a coach for wushu. According to the 24-year-old coach, it is new that the Palestinian girls would like to be part of2 this special sport. The young woman explained that for many years, only men in Palestine practiced wushu, but now the situation is different.
Batoul Abdul Wahhab, one of Jarrar’s trainees, tells us that she has joined the wushu team because it is a new sport for the Palestinian girls. She wants to take part in international competitions. The 14-year-old girl says, “It has helped me change my character and become stronger.” In her opinion, wushu has succeeded in putting women and men on the same level, as it depends on minds rather than muscles(肌肉) only.
“There are more than 300 girls of different ages who are practicing wushu in the Palestinian West bank,” says Tarik Khalifa, chief of the Palestinian Federation(联盟) of Wushu Kung Fu Sports. According to him, any girl can join this sport and can be trained to become professional player and join in Arab and international competitions. Thanks to the development of training programs organized by the federation, a number of girls have won gold, silver and bronze medals in different competitions in the past two years.
1.The right order of the following events is _________.
① Jarrar won local and international prizes.
②Jarrar got interested in Wushu.
③Jarrar started to teach Wushu in Palestine.
④Jarrar’s trainees doubled within a few months.
A.②③①④ B.②①③④
C.④③①② D.④③②①
2.The underlined(划线的)word “it” in Para.3 refers to _________.
A.the Wushu competition B.the Wushu team
C.girls’ character D.the sport of Wushu
3.According to the passage, we can learn _________.
A.the federation has organized Arab and international competitions
B.teenagers are not allowed to join Wushu clubs in Palestine
C.girls can be trained to be professional wushu player
D.Khalifa has won many medals in the past two years
4.The best title for the passage can be __________.
A.Wushu Changing Palestinians’ Life
B.A Woman Teaching Wushu in Palestine
C.Wushu Clubs Getting Welcomed in Palestine
D.Wushu Getting Popular among Palestinian Girls
【答案】BDCD
【文章大意】
这篇短文主要讲述了武术在巴基斯坦西岸的女孩们中越来越流行。
【解析】
1.细节理解题。根据文中“Four years ago, Jarrar became interested in mastering wushu.”可知，Jarrar对武术产生了兴趣；根据文中“Later, the young woman managed to win local and international prizes and finally became a coach for wushu.”可知，Jarrar赢得了当地和国际奖项；根据文中“and finally became a coach for wushu.”可知，开始教武术；根据文中“and the number of trainees has been doubled in the past few months”可知，Jarrar的学员在几个月内翻了一番。选项B符合题意，故选B。
2.词句猜测题。根据上文“In her opinion, wushu has succeeded in putting women and men on the same level” 在她看来，武术成功地使男女处于同一水平。可知此处中it指的是“武术这门运动”。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据文中“According to him, any girl can join this sport and can be trained to become professional player and join in Arab and international competitions.”可知，女孩可以被训练成职业武术运动员。故选C。
4.标题归纳题。根据文中“Wushu is becoming more and more popular among Palestinian(巴勒斯坦) girls in the West Bank.”可知，武术在巴基斯坦西岸的女孩们中越来越流行，选项D符合题意，故选D。
B
Last month, the artist Christo opened his new art sculpture. It is made up of 7,506 colorful barrels (桶) floating on a lake in Hyde Park in London. Christo calls it The London Mastaba. It is his first major outdoor art sculpture in Great Britain. The artwork is in the shape of a mastaba. It looks somewhat like a pyramid with a fat top. The London Mastaba is about 65 feet high, 98 feet wide and 130 feet long, and it weighs about 1.3 million pounds. The metal barrels can be seen from hundreds of feet away.
35
Everyone who looks at it will see something different. Many will think the barrels are barrels of oil in the heart of one of London’s oldest parks. They might wonder if Christo was making an announcement against pollution. Others will see a prism or giant pixels or simply a shape. However, everyone must decide for themselves, the 83-year-old artist said. Christo said he had nothing special in mind when he created The London Mastaba. “There are no messages,” Christo said. “There is something in it to discover yourself. I cannot direct you.”
“A Stairway To The Sky”
“It’s created a giant invitation, like a stairway to the sky,” Christo said. The artist was standing on the banks of the Serpentine Lake in Hyde Park where his artwork floats. Swans are swimming nearby. Some barrels are red with a white candy stripe on the sides. Others are colored blue, purple and red. Their colors will look different as the light changes, Christo said. Their reflection (倒影) in the lake will be like an abstract painting. Abstraction is an artistic style that does not always show something recognizable or realistic.
“Not Really Sure How I Feel About It”
Many people walking in the park were surprised to see the artwork. “It’s very modern, but this place is nature and historical. I don’t like it here,” said Yasmin KocOzcengel, who is a tourist from Turkey. Another person who took a look at the artwork was Anna Andronova. She called The London Mastaba very brave. If it weren’t as brave, it wouldn’t be as amazing, she said. Sheila Seffenson is an American living in London. “I’m just not really sure how I feel about it,” Steffenson said. “Maybe it’s a message about pollution. Who knows?”
5.What can we learn about the artwork?
A.It is a floating pyramid. B.It is made up of empty oil barrels.
C.It is an abstract painting. D.It is considered as different things.
6.Which of the following would be most suitable for________?
A.An Announcement Against Pollution. B.An Announcement Against Pollution?
C.A New Landmark Of The Oldest Park. D.A New Landmark Of The Oldest Park?
7.Which of the following words can best describe The London Mastaba?
A.Romantic. B.Magical. C.Realistic. D.Mysterious.
8.What can most possibly be the artist’s real purpose?
A.To add some more colours to the old park. B.To bring his art career to a new height.
C.To encourage people to discover and think. D.To remind people to care about nature.
【答案】DBDC
【文章大意】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了艺术家克里斯托在伦敦海德公园的湖中央展出的第一件大型户外艺术品《伦敦马斯塔巴》，以及人们对这件作品不同的认识和理解。
【解析】
5.细节理解题。根据“Everyone who looks at it will see something different.”可知，每个人都会看到不同的东西，结合选项，故选D。
6.推理判断题。空后一段讲的是不同的人对这件作品有不同的认识，根据“They might wonder if Christo was making an announcement against pollution.”可知，有些人想知道克里斯托是不是在为抵制污染发声，由此推断，空出的标题应该是围绕是否为抵制污染发声展开的讨论，结合选项，故选B。
7.推理判断题。Romantic浪漫的；空想的；Magical有魔力的；Realistic现实的；逼真的；Mysterious神秘的；难解的。根据“Abstraction is an artistic style that does not always show something recognizable or realistic”（抽象是一种艺术风格，它并不总是表现可识别的或现实的东西）可推断，这件艺术品比较抽象，抽象的东西一般比较难理解，结合选项，故选D。
8.推理判断题。本题主要问艺术家的真正目的可能是什么？根据“ Christo said he had nothing special in mind when he created The London Mastaba. “There are no messages,” Christo said. “There is something in it to discover yourself. I cannot direct you.””可推断，克里斯托的真正目的可能是鼓励人们自己发现和思考。故选C。
Grammar
知识精讲
知识点01 because, since, as 引导的原因状语从句 教材P70-71
【用法详解】
1.原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。
He didn’t come to school because he was ill.
As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.
Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.
2.because表示直接原因，语气最强。because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。as和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从句多放在句首。
------Why aren’t you going there?
------Because I don’t want to.
As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.
Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.
3.because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4.because与because of 的区别:
because后只能接句子，而because of 后面只能接名词或名词短语，不能跟句子。
Because of the bad weather, we put off the sports meeting.
Because it rained yesterday, we put off the sports meeting.
【典例讲解】
1.Wolves will _________ their lives _________ the loss of the trees and forests.
A.lose; because B.lose; because of C.lost; because D.lost; because of
【答案】B
【解析】
句意： 因为许多树和森林的消失，狼将失去生命。lose one’s life失去生命；because后跟句子，空格后没有谓语动词，故排除A、C；will+动词原形，故排除C，根据句意故选B。
2.I went back not the rain, but I was tired.
A.because; because of B.because; because C.because of; because D.because of; because of
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：我回来不是因为下雨，而是因为我很累。考查because的用法。because，因为，是一个连词。because专门用于回答why提出的问题，后常接句子；because of表示由于、因为，后接名词、代词、动名词。rain作名词讲时，表示雨水，下雨的天气；作动词时，表示下雨。前半句中the rain是一个名词短语，空白处要用because of；后半句中I was tired是一个句子，此处要选用because，故答案为C。
3.I didn’t go to the party not the weather, but I didn’t feel well.
A.because of; because B.because; because of
C.because of; because of D.because; because
【答案】A
【解析】
本题考查because of 和because的用法。句意：“我去参加聚会不是因为天气原因，而是因为我感觉不舒服。”，because of + 短语/名词/代词/v.ing；because + 句子。“the weather”名词，故用because of；“I didn’t feel well.”完整句子，故用because，故选A。
4.________ we must keep away from the COVID-19(新冠病毒）, this spring we had to study at home .
A.Or B.So C.As D.But
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：今年春天，我们不得不在家学习，因为我们必须远离新冠病毒。考查连词。or或者；so因此；as因为；but但是；空格前后句是因果关系，属于“前果后因”结构，应用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。
知识点02 think highly of 教材P70
【用法详解】
think highly of = speak highly of 高度赞扬，高度评价
【典例讲解】
The coach thinks ________ of Mary’s sports talents, for she jumped very _______ at the sports meeting.
A.high; high B.highly; high C.high; highly D.highly; highly
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：教练高度评价玛丽的体育天赋，因为她在运动会上跳得很高。考查副词。在此句中high和highly都是副词，两者均可表示“高”但high通常表示具体的高，且主要修饰动词； highly主要表示很高的程度，意为“高度地，非常地”，可修饰动词speak，praise，think of等，结合句意“教练高度评价玛丽的体育天赋，因为她在运动会上跳得很高。”可知，第一个空用highly，第二个空用high，故选B。
【拓展】high 与highly 的区别
1. high 用作副词,通常表示具体的高。
He didn't jump high enough to win a prize 他跳得不够高,没能得奖。
The plane flew high above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞行。
He climbed high up the mountain. 他爬到山上高处。
2. highly 主要表示很高的程度,除修饰动词(如 speak, praise, think of等)外,还通常用于修饰分词或形容词(尤其是那些由动词派生而来的形容词, 有时相当于 very 或 much)。
Its highly amusing. 它有趣极了。
He is a highly ambitious person. 他是很有野心的人。
The Chinese were then a highly civilized people. 中国人那时已有高度文明。
知识点03 out of breath 教材P72
【用法详解】
breath n. 呼吸，气息 out of breath 上气不接下气
We had to stop for breath before we got to the top. 我们不得不喘口气，然后再登山顶。
take a deep breath 深深吸一口气 hold one’s breath 闭气；屏气
catch one's breath 屏息，歇口气，喘息，喘口气
breathe vi. 呼吸；低语；松口气
He breathed deeply before speaking again. 他深深吸一口气，然后继续说下去。
The air was so cold that we could hardly breathe. 空气非常寒冷，我们难以呼吸。
She was beginning to breathe more easily. 她呼吸开始较为顺畅了。
【典例讲解】
When the player finished running, he was out of _____.
A.breathe B.breathing
C.breath D.the breath
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：当那个运动员跑完步，他几乎喘不过气来了。此题考查介词后用名词。根据句意，应选C。
知识点04 last 教材P72
【用法详解】
last作为动词用法
1.持续；继续；延续
The meeting only lasted for a few minutes. 会议只开了几分钟。
Each game lasts about an hour. 每场比赛约一小时。
How long does the play last? 那出戏要演多长时间？
2. 继续存在；持续起作用；持久
This weather won't last. 这种天气持续不了多久。
He's making a big effort now, and I hope it lasts. 现在他正加紧努力，我希望他能坚持下去。
These shoes should last you till next year. 你这双鞋应该能穿到明年。
3.（在困境等中）坚持下去；超越（困境等）
She won't last long in that job. 她那份工作干不了多久。
【典例讲解】
How long _______ the celebrations for Mid-autumn Festival _______?
A.did…lasted B.does…last
C.do…lasts D.do…last
【答案】D
【解析】
询问中秋节的庆祝时间是一个客观事实，用一般现在时，排除A，然后真正的主语是celebrations是复数，助动词要用do，排除B，在特殊疑问句里，前面有助动词了，后面的动词要用原形，故选D。在这里last作动词表示持续。
能力拓展
一．单项选择。
1. The scientist was ___________ with the medal ___________ his achievements in the field.
A.presented；because of B.protected；because
C.prepared；because of D.provided；because
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：这位科学家因在该领域的成就而被授予奖章。考查动词辨析和介词短语。先看第二个空，because是连词，后面接原因状语从句，because of是介词短语，后面接名词或名词短语。第二个空格后面是名词achievements，故应填入because of，B、D选项可排除。presented颁发、授予；protected保护；prepared准备；provided提供。根据句意可知，第一个空格处应填入意为“授予”的单词，A选项符合句意，故选A。
2.–– Why did you look so __________ when you saw Tom?
––Oh, it’s almost ten years _________ we met last time.
A.excited; since B. exciting; after
C. excitedly; since D. excited; since
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：—你看到汤姆时为什么如此的激动？—哦，自从我们上次上次见面几乎10年了。根据句意及题干分析第一空修饰人应该用excited；第二空是“自从”，所以用since，故选D。
3.In China, we always use red paper for Hongbao ________ red means luck.
A.until B.if C.although D.because
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：在中国，我们总是用红纸做红包，因为红色意味着幸运。考查连词辨析。until 直到；if 如果；although 尽管；because 因为。根据题干“we always use red paper for Hongbao…red means luck”，可知前后是因果关系，后句表原因，设空处需填连词 because。故选D。
4.Every student thinks ______ of Mr Song, who sings ______ praises for every success the students have got.
A.high, high B.highly, highly C.highly, high D.high, highly
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：每个学生都高度评价宋先生，他对学生获得的每一次的成功都给予高度赞扬。本题第一空用副词highly修饰动词thinks; 第二空用形容词high修饰名词praises。故选C。
5. Don’t be nervous. Please deep , and then answer my questions.
A.take a; breathe B.take a; breath C.breathe; breath D.blow; breath
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：不要紧张。请做深呼吸。然后回答我的问题。blow吹；这里是祈使句，动词原形开头。短语take a deep breath表示做深呼吸；排除CD；breathe是动词，呼吸。排除A。根据题意，故选B。
6.The victim hurried into the police station and was _______________ at this time last night.
A.in the breathe B.out of breath
C.at the breathe D.a deep breath
【答案】B
【解析】
由The victim hurried into the police station ...受害人慌忙进入警察局，可知后句应是“上气不接下气”。out of breath 上气不接下气，所以答案是B。
7.It was her ___________ performance, but the memory was ____________.
A.last; lasting B.last; lasted C.lasted; lasting D.lasted; last
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：这是她的最后一次表演，但记忆在持续着。Last用作形容词，最后，上一次，最近一次，最后一次；用作动词，持续。所以选A。
8.We often give up chances of success ________ we are afraid to lose.
A.although B.but C.because D.so that
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：我们经常因为害怕失去而放弃成功的机会。考查连词辨析。although虽然；but但是；because因为；so that以便。“we are afraid to lose”是“We often give up chances of success”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
一．按照单词的适当形式填空。
1.— Do you know the __________(high) of this building?
— Yes. It’s about 100 metres high.
【答案】height
【解析】
句意：——你知道这个建筑物的高度吗？ ——是的。它大约100米高。空格前为定冠词the，故空格处应填入名词。high可转换为名词height，意为“高度”，且此处特指某一座建筑物的高度，故应用单数形式，故答案为height。
2.Shakespeare was ________（high）respected for his novels, plays and poems.
【答案】highly
【解析】
句意：莎士比亚因其小说、戏剧和诗歌而备受尊敬。这里是副词修饰动词“respected”，所给单词high高的，这里用副词highly高度地。这里是被受到高度地尊重。故答案为highly。
3.The room was filled with smoke, and it was becoming difficult to ________.（breath）
【答案】breathe
【解析】
句意：房间里充满了烟，呼吸越来越困难。提示词 breath是名词，意为“呼吸”，It is+形容词+to do sth.表示“做某事是……”，固定句型，所以此处使用breath的动词形式breathe。故填breathe。
二．完成句子
1.她不开心是因为她上学迟到了。
She was unhappy __________ she was late __________ school.
【答案】because for
【解析】
第一处表示“因为”，可用连词because引导原因状语从句；第二处构成“be late for”短语，意为“迟到”。故填because；for。
2.山东潍坊现在因制作风筝而出名。
Weifang in Shandong Province ______ ______ ______ making kites now.
【答案】is famous/known for
【解析】
be famous/known for因……而出名，主语Weifang in Shandong Province是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填is；famous/known；for。
3.近年来，中国政府为新毕业大学生创造了大量的工作机会。
Recently, the Chinese__________has__________plenty of work chances for fresh graduates.
【答案】government created
【解析】
the Chinese government“中国政府”；create“创造”，动词，由“the Chinese…has…”可知，本句为现在完成时态，故此处应用其过去分词形式。故填government；created。
4.既然汽车坏了，就什么都做不了了。
_____the car broke down, nothing_____________.
【答案】Since could be done
【解析】
根据汉语可知，空一是“既然，since”引导原因状语从句，首字母s大写；空二的动词“做，do”和主语“nothing”之间是被动关系，根据汉语应用情态动词can的被动语态，其构成形式为can be done；结合从句一般过去时态可知，主句也应用一般过去时的被动语态，can的过去式could；do的过去分词是done。故填Since；could be done。
5.由于虚拟现实科技，人们不必亲临其境即可游览国内外名胜。
____________of VR technology, people can ____________ places of interest both at home and abroad instead of going there in person.
【答案】Because visit
【解析】
根据中英文对照可知，这里缺的是“由于”和“游览”，英语中“由于”也就是“因为”，所以可以说成是because，“游览”也就是“参观”，英语是visit，且空格前有情态动词can，所以这里应该用动词原形，故答案为Because，visit。
题组B 能力提升练
一、完型填空
There was a king who loved art very much. One day a(n) 1 came and said, “Oh, give me a blank (空白的) wall in your palace and let me 2 a picture on it. It will be more beautiful than anything you have ever seen before.” The king happened to have a big new hall. So he 3 the artist to work on one of the walls.
At the same time, another artist came and said, “Oh, King! Please allow me to work on the 4 wall. I shall make exactly what that man makes on the wall 5 looking at his work,” The king decided to give this young man a chance.
The following day they began to work. The first artist brought in some common things, like paint, oil, water and so on. The second one came with a 6 and a bucket (桶).
A month later, they both finished the works. The king went to 7 the first artist’s wall. It was great. He was 8 with it and gave the artist a lot of money. He went to the second man, the same painting was on the opposite wall. The king was quite satisfied and gave him double money. However, he 9 how the second man had made it.
“I just polished the wall with the cloth,” the man said. The wall was made of white marble (大理石). He made it shine like a mirror. The reflection (倒影) of the first painting showed up on it!
It is said the 10 is a reflection of you, too. If you are sad, the world will be sad. If you are happy, the world will be happy.
1.A.musician B.artist C.server D.actress
2.A.put B.copy C.paint D.get
3.A.allowed B.realized C.warned D.decided
4.A.same B.similar C.opposite D.common
5.A.with B.under C.upon D.without
6.A.mirror B.cloth C.stick D.pencil
7.A.see B.touch C.research D.cover
8.A.busy B.cross C.popular D.pleased
9.A.knew B.noticed C.wondered D.agreed
10.A.story B.world C.king D.painter
【答案】
1-5 BCACD 6-10 BADCB
【文章大意】
文章大意：本文通过两位艺术家在墙壁上作画的故事，告诉我们：其实世界就是你的一个映象，如果你是快乐的，世界就是快乐的；如果你是悲伤的，那么世界就是悲伤的了。
【解析】
1.句意：有一天，一位艺术家过来说。musician音乐家；artist艺术家；server伺候者；actress女演员。根据下文“So he … the artist to work on one of the walls.”可知此处应是说一位艺术家过来说，故选B。
2.句意：哦，在你的宫殿里给我一堵空白的墙，让我在上面画一幅画。put放；copy复制；paint绘画；get得到。根据题干中的“a picture on it”，以及下文“The first artist brought in some common things, like paint, oil, water and so on.”这位艺术家带了油漆、油画颜料、水等东西，可知是要在墙上画画，用paint符合题意，故选C。
3.句意：所以他允许艺术家在其中一面墙上作画。allowed允许；realized意识到；warned警告；decided决定。根据上文“give me a blank (空白的) wall in your palace and let me … a picture on it.”艺术家请求在空白的墙上作画，结合下文语境，可知此处应是说国王允许了，用allowed符合题意，故选A。
4.句意：噢，国王!请允许我在对面的墙上作画。same相同的；similar相似的；opposite对面的；common普通的。根据下文“the same painting was on the opposite wall.”同样的画就在对面的墙上，可知此处应是说请允许我在对面的墙上作画，故选C。
5.句意：我将在不看那个人的作品的情况下在墙上做出和他做的完全一样的东西。with具有；under在……下面；upon在……之上；without无、不、没有。根据下文“The reflection (倒影) of the first painting showed up on it!”第一幅画倒影在了大理石墙面上，由此可知第二位艺术家不需要看第一位艺术家的作品就能做到，用without符合题意，故选D。
6.句意：第二位艺术家带来了一块布和一个桶。mirror镜子；cloth布；stick棍；pencil铅笔。根据下文“I just polished the wall with the cloth,”我只是用布擦亮了墙，可知第二位艺术带来了布，故选B。
7.句意：国王去看第一位艺术家的那面墙。see看见；touch触摸；research研究；cover覆盖。根据下文“It was great. He was … with it and gave the artist a lot of money.”可知国王是去看了第一位艺术家的画，用see符合题意，故选A。
8.句意：他很满意，给了这位艺术家很多钱。busy忙碌的；cross生气的；popular受欢迎的；pleased满意的。根据题干中的“gave the artist a lot of money.”给了这位艺术家很多钱，可知国王对第一位艺术家的画很满意，用be pleased with sth.表示“对……很满意”，故选D。
9.句意：然而，他想知道第二个人是如何做到的。knew知道；noticed注意到；wondered想知道；agreed同意。根据下文第二位艺术家解释自己是如何做到的，可推知此处应是国王想知道第二个人是如何做到的，用wondered符合题意，故选C。
10.句意：据说世界也是你的一个映象。story故事；world世界；king国王；painter画家。根据下文“If you are sad, the world will be sad. If you are happy, the world will be happy.”可知此处是说世界是你的一个映象，故选B。
题组C 培优拔尖练
一、阅读理解
A
Wushu is becoming more and more popular among Palestinian(巴勒斯坦) girls in the West Bank.
Sport Plus Academy is one of those sports clubs that teach girls wushu. “Until now, there have been more than 100 girls who have joined our team, and the number of trainees has been doubled in the past few months,” says Bissan Jarrar, the first woman coach of wushu from Ramallah city. Four years ago, Jarrar became interested in mastering wushu. Later, the young woman managed to win local and international prizes and finally became a coach for wushu. According to the 24-year-old coach, it is new that the Palestinian girls would like to be part of2 this special sport. The young woman explained that for many years, only men in Palestine practiced wushu, but now the situation is different.
Batoul Abdul Wahhab, one of Jarrar’s trainees, tells us that she has joined the wushu team because it is a new sport for the Palestinian girls. She wants to take part in international competitions. The 14-year-old girl says, “It has helped me change my character and become stronger.” In her opinion, wushu has succeeded in putting women and men on the same level, as it depends on minds rather than muscles(肌肉) only.
“There are more than 300 girls of different ages who are practicing wushu in the Palestinian West bank,” says Tarik Khalifa, chief of the Palestinian Federation(联盟) of Wushu Kung Fu Sports. According to him, any girl can join this sport and can be trained to become professional player and join in Arab and international competitions. Thanks to the development of training programs organized by the federation, a number of girls have won gold, silver and bronze medals in different competitions in the past two years.
1.The right order of the following events is _________.
① Jarrar won local and international prizes.
②Jarrar got interested in Wushu.
③Jarrar started to teach Wushu in Palestine.
④Jarrar’s trainees doubled within a few months.
A.②③①④ B.②①③④
C.④③①② D.④③②①
2.The underlined(划线的)word “it” in Para.3 refers to _________.
A.the Wushu competition B.the Wushu team
C.girls’ character D.the sport of Wushu
3.According to the passage, we can learn _________.
A.the federation has organized Arab and international competitions
B.teenagers are not allowed to join Wushu clubs in Palestine
C.girls can be trained to be professional wushu player
D.Khalifa has won many medals in the past two years
4.The best title for the passage can be __________.
A.Wushu Changing Palestinians’ Life
B.A Woman Teaching Wushu in Palestine
C.Wushu Clubs Getting Welcomed in Palestine
D.Wushu Getting Popular among Palestinian Girls
【答案】BDCD
【文章大意】
这篇短文主要讲述了武术在巴基斯坦西岸的女孩们中越来越流行。
【解析】
1.细节理解题。根据文中“Four years ago, Jarrar became interested in mastering wushu.”可知，Jarrar对武术产生了兴趣；根据文中“Later, the young woman managed to win local and international prizes and finally became a coach for wushu.”可知，Jarrar赢得了当地和国际奖项；根据文中“and finally became a coach for wushu.”可知，开始教武术；根据文中“and the number of trainees has been doubled in the past few months”可知，Jarrar的学员在几个月内翻了一番。选项B符合题意，故选B。
2.词句猜测题。根据上文“In her opinion, wushu has succeeded in putting women and men on the same level” 在她看来，武术成功地使男女处于同一水平。可知此处中it指的是“武术这门运动”。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据文中“According to him, any girl can join this sport and can be trained to become professional player and join in Arab and international competitions.”可知，女孩可以被训练成职业武术运动员。故选C。
4.标题归纳题。根据文中“Wushu is becoming more and more popular among Palestinian(巴勒斯坦) girls in the West Bank.”可知，武术在巴基斯坦西岸的女孩们中越来越流行，选项D符合题意，故选D。
B
Last month, the artist Christo opened his new art sculpture. It is made up of 7,506 colorful barrels (桶) floating on a lake in Hyde Park in London. Christo calls it The London Mastaba. It is his first major outdoor art sculpture in Great Britain. The artwork is in the shape of a mastaba. It looks somewhat like a pyramid with a fat top. The London Mastaba is about 65 feet high, 98 feet wide and 130 feet long, and it weighs about 1.3 million pounds. The metal barrels can be seen from hundreds of feet away.
35
Everyone who looks at it will see something different. Many will think the barrels are barrels of oil in the heart of one of London’s oldest parks. They might wonder if Christo was making an announcement against pollution. Others will see a prism or giant pixels or simply a shape. However, everyone must decide for themselves, the 83-year-old artist said. Christo said he had nothing special in mind when he created The London Mastaba. “There are no messages,” Christo said. “There is something in it to discover yourself. I cannot direct you.”
“A Stairway To The Sky”
“It’s created a giant invitation, like a stairway to the sky,” Christo said. The artist was standing on the banks of the Serpentine Lake in Hyde Park where his artwork floats. Swans are swimming nearby. Some barrels are red with a white candy stripe on the sides. Others are colored blue, purple and red. Their colors will look different as the light changes, Christo said. Their reflection (倒影) in the lake will be like an abstract painting. Abstraction is an artistic style that does not always show something recognizable or realistic.
“Not Really Sure How I Feel About It”
Many people walking in the park were surprised to see the artwork. “It’s very modern, but this place is nature and historical. I don’t like it here,” said Yasmin KocOzcengel, who is a tourist from Turkey. Another person who took a look at the artwork was Anna Andronova. She called The London Mastaba very brave. If it weren’t as brave, it wouldn’t be as amazing, she said. Sheila Seffenson is an American living in London. “I’m just not really sure how I feel about it,” Steffenson said. “Maybe it’s a message about pollution. Who knows?”
5.What can we learn about the artwork?
A.It is a floating pyramid. B.It is made up of empty oil barrels.
C.It is an abstract painting. D.It is considered as different things.
6.Which of the following would be most suitable for________?
A.An Announcement Against Pollution. B.An Announcement Against Pollution?
C.A New Landmark Of The Oldest Park. D.A New Landmark Of The Oldest Park?
7.Which of the following words can best describe The London Mastaba?
A.Romantic. B.Magical. C.Realistic. D.Mysterious.
8.What can most possibly be the artist’s real purpose?
A.To add some more colours to the old park. B.To bring his art career to a new height.
C.To encourage people to discover and think. D.To remind people to care about nature.
【答案】DBDC
【文章大意】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了艺术家克里斯托在伦敦海德公园的湖中央展出的第一件大型户外艺术品《伦敦马斯塔巴》，以及人们对这件作品不同的认识和理解。
【解析】
5.细节理解题。根据“Everyone who looks at it will see something different.”可知，每个人都会看到不同的东西，结合选项，故选D。
6.推理判断题。空后一段讲的是不同的人对这件作品有不同的认识，根据“They might wonder if Christo was making an announcement against pollution.”可知，有些人想知道克里斯托是不是在为抵制污染发声，由此推断，空出的标题应该是围绕是否为抵制污染发声展开的讨论，结合选项，故选B。
7.推理判断题。Romantic浪漫的；空想的；Magical有魔力的；Realistic现实的；逼真的；Mysterious神秘的；难解的。根据“Abstraction is an artistic style that does not always show something recognizable or realistic”（抽象是一种艺术风格，它并不总是表现可识别的或现实的东西）可推断，这件艺术品比较抽象，抽象的东西一般比较难理解，结合选项，故选D。
8.推理判断题。本题主要问艺术家的真正目的可能是什么？根据“ Christo said he had nothing special in mind when he created The London Mastaba. “There are no messages,” Christo said. “There is something in it to discover yourself. I cannot direct you.””可推断，克里斯托的真正目的可能是鼓励人们自己发现和思考。故选C。
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