精品解析：2023年江苏省盐城市鹿鸣路初级中学中考二模英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：2023年江苏省盐城市鹿鸣路初级中学中考二模英语试题（解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了补全对话，完形填空，阅读理解，词汇运用，读写结合等内容，欢迎下载使用。

盐城市鹿鸣路初级中学 2022-2023 学年度第二学期二模考试
初三英语试卷
（卷面总分：120分 考试时间：100分钟）
本试卷包含第I卷选择题和第II卷非选择题两部分。请将第I卷和第II卷的答案填涂到答题卡上。本试卷共 4 页。
第I卷（选择题，共65分）
一、补全对话（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）
Peter: Here we are at Ocean Park, the biggest amusement park in our city!
Grace: I’m excited to try the rides!
Peter: ____1____ There’s Space World, Water World, Animal World...
Grace: Before we decide, could you first tell me where the restrooms are?
Peter: ____2____ But we haven’t even started yet!
Grace: Oh, no. ____3____ I mean... you know a wash-room or bathroom.
Peter: Hmm... so you mean... the toilet?
Grace: Yes! ____4____
Peter: That’s right. In China, we normally say “toilet” or “washroom” in English. Anyway, they’re over there.
Grace: ____5____
Peter: No problem. You don’t need to rush!
A. OK. I’ll be quick!
B. I don’t mean that.
C. Go along this road.
D. What should we start with?
E. Pardon? Restroom? You want to rest?
F. Sorry, maybe people in China don’t often use the word “restroom” when they speak English.
【答案】1. D 2. E 3. B 4. F 5. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是Peter和Grace去海洋公园，Grace想去洗手间，两人就“洗手间”的中英文说法展开对话。
【1题详解】
根据下句“There’s Space World, Water World, Animal World...”可知有太空世界、水世界、动物世界等。选项D“我们从什么开始呢？”符合情景。故选D。
【2题详解】
根据上句“Before we decide, could you first tell me where the restrooms are?”和下句“But we haven’t even started yet!”可知，还没有开始玩要休息，可推知Peter感到很震惊。选项E“什么？休息室？你想要休息吗？”符合情景。故选E。
【3题详解】
根据下句“I mean... you know a wash-room or bathroom.”可知，Grace想去洗手间。选项B“我不是那个意思。”符合情景。故选B。
【4题详解】
根据下句“That’s right. In China, we normally say ‘toilet’ or ‘washroom’ in English. Anyway, they’re over there.”可知，中国通常用英语说“厕所”或“洗手间。选项F“对不起，也许中国人在说英语时不经常使用‘restroom’这个词。”符合情景。故选F。
【5题详解】
根据下句“No problem. You don’t need to rush!”可知，Peter让Grace不用着急。选项A“好的。我会很快的！”符合情景。故选A。
二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）
I used to live happily with you. When I was a baby you showed interest in me and made me ____6____. Whenever I was “bad”, you’d shake your finger at me and ask: “How could you?”—but then you’d ____7____ and touch me gently. I believed that life could not be more ____8____.
My housetraining was a long process, because you were too busy, but we worked on that together. We went for long walks, runs in the park and car rides. We stopped for ice cream. I took long sleeps in the sun waiting for you to come home ____9____ the end of the day.
Step by step, you began spending more time at work and on your career, and more time ____10____ a human friend. Finally, you fell in love. She, now your wife, is not a dog person, but I still ____11____ her into our home. I was happy because you were happy. Then the human babies came along and I shared your excitement, I was attracted by their pinkness, ____12____ they smelled, and I wanted to mother them too. Your wife was afraid I would bite them. ____13____, as they began to grow, I became their friend.
Now, you have a new job in ____14____ city and you and they will be moving to a flat that does not allow ____15____. You’ve made the right ____16____ for your “family”, but there was a time when I was your only family.
I was ____17____ about the car ride until we arrived at the dog pound (收容所). It smelled of dogs and cats, of ____18____, of hopelessness. You filled out the paperwork and said: “I know you will find a good home for her.” They shrugged (耸肩) and gave you a pained look. The children were in tears as they waved ____19____ goodbye. And “How could you?” were the only three words that swept over my mind.
Is it better to live with hope or without hope? At first, whenever anyone ____20____ my pen (围栏), I rushed to the front, hoping it was you, that you had changed your mind and that this was all a bad dream.
My beloved master, I will think of you and wait for you forever.
6. A. cry B. worry C. laugh D. regret
7. A. lose heart B. give up C. cheer up D. jump up
8. A. perfect B. terrible C. awful D. difficult
9. A. in B. on C. at D. since
10. A. complaining to B. looking for C. worrying about D. guarding against
11. A. welcomed B. hated C. doubted D. required
12. A. what B. when C. how D. where
13. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. However
14. A. the other B. other C. another D. others
15. A. food B. pets C. drinks D. cars
16. A. survey B. note C. decision D. wish
17. A. angry B. worried C. scared D. excited
18. A. happiness B. warmth C. strength D. fear
19. A. him B. her C. me D. it
20. A. searched B. passed C. stole D. built
【答案】6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. D 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文以一只小狗的角度，讲述自己从小到大和主人的点点滴滴的故事。
【6题详解】
句意：当我还是个婴儿的时候，你对我表现出兴趣，让我发笑。
cry哭泣；worry担心；laugh大笑；regret后悔。根据“I used to live happily with you.”可知，让“我”笑。故选C。
【7题详解】
句意：但后来你会放弃，轻轻地抚摸我。
lose heart灰心；give up放弃；cheer up振作；jump up跳起来。根据“and touch me gently”可知，放弃指责“我”。故选B。
【8题详解】
句意：我相信生活再完美不过了。
perfect完美的；terrible糟糕的；awful可怕的；difficult困难的。根据“I used to live happily with you.”可知我曾经和你幸福地生活在一起。因此是很完美的生活。故选A。
【9题详解】
句意：我在阳光下睡了很长时间，等着你一天结束时回家。
in在里面；on在上面；at在；since自从。短语at the end of表示“在……的尽头”。故选C。
【10题详解】
句意：一步一步地，你开始花更多的时间在工作和事业上，更多的时间寻找人类朋友。
complaining to抱怨；looking for寻找；worrying about担心；guarding against保卫。根据“a human friend”可知是人类朋友，因此是寻找朋友。故选B。
【11题详解】
句意：但我仍然欢迎她进入我们的家。
welcomed欢迎；hated讨厌；doubted怀疑；required要求。根据“She, now your wife, is not a dog person”可知她，现在是你的妻子，不是爱狗的人，由转折but可知还是欢迎她。故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：我被它们的粉红色和气味所吸引，我也想像母亲那样照顾它们。。
what什么；when什么时候；how怎样；where在哪里。根据“they smelled,”可知是它们闻起来，应用how表示方式。故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：然而，随着他们开始成长，我成了他们的朋友。
Anyway无论如何；Moreover而且；Otherwise否则；However然而。根据“Your wife was afraid I would bite them”可知，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选D。
【14题详解】
句意：现在，你在另一个城市有一份新工作，你和他们将搬到一个不允许宠物的公寓里。
the other另一个；other其他的；another另一个；others其他人。another后接可数名词单数形式。故选C。
【15题详解】
句意：现在，你在另一个城市有一份新工作，你和他们将搬到一个不允许宠物的公寓里。
food食物；pets宠物；drinks饮料；cars汽车。根据“we arrived at the dog pound ”可知，是不允许养宠物。故选B。
【16题详解】
句意：你为你的“家庭”做出了正确的决定，但曾经有一段时间我是你唯一的家人。
survey调查；note笔记；decision决定；wish希望。根据“we arrived at the dog pound ”可知，是把狗送走的决定。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：我对乘车感到兴奋，直到我们到达狗收容所。
angry生气的；worried担心的；scared害怕的；excited兴奋的。根据“about the car ride”可知是关于乘车，因此是兴奋的。故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：它闻起来有狗和猫的味道，有恐惧的味道，有绝望的味道。
happiness幸福；warmth温暖；strength力量；fear恐惧。此处应用与hopelessness情感色彩一致的词语。故选D。
【19题详解】
句意：孩子们在向我挥手告别时泪流满面。
him他；her她；me我；it它。从前文可知，要把我送到收容所，因此是对我挥手。故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：起初，每当有人经过我的围栏时，我就冲到前面.
searched搜寻；passed经过；stole偷；built建造。根据“ I rushed to the front, hoping it was you”可知，是有人经过围栏的时候。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，计40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A

Spend the summer at Camp Brown Hawk!
Camp is located on beautiful lake Echo!

Chances for campers to have fun: Reserve a space
· hiking on beautiful trails Send a check for $50. 00 to the address below.
· swimming All checks must be received by May 15.
· canoeing and kayaking Camp Brown Hawk Office 32 lake Road
· doing crafts such as pottery and woodcarving Echo Valley. CT, 06421
· doing fun nature-based science activities
· singing songs around the campfire


About Camp Brown Hawk:
· We’re 80 years old this year.
· All camp staff are trained and experienced.
· Each cabin houses eight boys or girls.
· Kids from ages 6 to 16 are welcome.



21. Which part tells about camp activities?
A. Camp Brown Haw Office. B. Chances for campers to have fun.
C. About Camp Brown Hawk D. Reserve a space.
22. Which of the following best supports the idea that the camp is safe?
A. There are eight kids per cabin. B. The camp is on the lake.
C. All camp staff are trained. D. Campers sing songs.
23. Why does the poster include a picture?
A. To catch the readers’ attention.
B. To show how to get to the lake.
C. To show exactly what the camp looks like.
D. To say more about the camp’s activities.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了Camp Brown Hawk夏令营，提供了很多有趣的活动，欢迎6至16岁的孩子参加。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Chances for campers to have fun: hiking on beautiful trails；swimming；canoeing and kayaking；doing crafts such as pottery and woodcarving；doing fun, nature-based science activities”可知在“露营者享受乐趣的机会”这部分介绍了夏令营的各种活动。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“All camp staff are trained and experienced.”可知，夏令营里的员工都是经过训练的，并且经验丰富，说明这个夏令营是安全的。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。本文是一则关于夏令营招生的传单广告，传单上的图片是为了吸引读者的注意力。故选A。
B
“I really want to, but I can’t because...”
It hurts every time I hear someone say it. I see it for what it is—an excuse. Every one of us has hopes, dreams and goals. We talk about how we will achieve them, but when it’s time to do them, we use that sentence. During my teen years, I felt stuck. I wanted to learn so many things and achieve my wildest dreams, yet I couldn’t. Living in an underdeveloped country, we are in great need of water, electricity, and opportunities (机遇).
One day, I had had enough. I decided to use the resources I had to create the future I dreamed of. I made up my mind to get the Japanese Monbusho Scholarship. I found articles and books online to study Japanese. In a few months, I was able to hold a simple conversation in Japanese.
I realized that I would need money. I set out to build a hedgehog (刺猬) care website. Every day, after school, I would research hedgehogs and write detailed articles about them. I studied Japanese and wrote about hedgehogs for three years.
I’m sure you’re expecting a perfect ending where I travel to Japan. That’s not how this story ends. The fact is, I didn’t even get the chance to apply for the scholarship. I failed. Unwilling to accept the facts, I started an online university the next year. And the hedgehog website made me a total of $60.
I can tell you that I tried, but it didn’t work out. It did—just not the way I expected.
I’m not in Japan, but I know how to speak Japanese and have met many interesting people along the way. My hedgehog website didn’t succeed, but I created a new one, that’s even better with the experience I gained.
I didn’t let my difficulties stand in my way, and I created my own opportunities. Anyone can accept the cards they’ve been dealt (发牌) and create their own way to make them into a winning hand.
24. According to Paragraph 2, what does “that sentence” refer to (指的是) ________.
A. Every one of us has hopes, dreams and goals.
B. We will achieve our hopes, dreams and goals.
C. I really want to, but I can’t because...
D. During my teen years, I felt hopeless.
25. According to the passage, which graph can best describe the writer’s attitude(态度) towards life?
A. B. C. D.
26. Which of the following is the correct order of what happened to the writer?
a. She failed to apply for the Japanese Monbusho Scholarship.
b. She studied Japanese and built a hedgehog care website.
c. She started an online university and created a better website.
d. She wanted to learn so many things but had few chances.
A. b-a-d-c B. d-b-a-c C. d-a-b-c D. b-c-d-a
27. What does the underlined phrase “a winning hand” in the last paragraph mean?
A. 一手好牌 B. 好手气 C. 金手指 D. 拿奖的手
28. The writer writes the passage mainly to ________.
A. tell us her terrible experience and hopeless life
B. advise us to get a scholarship and create a website
C. show off that she created two successful websites
D. encourage us to keep trying and realize our dreams
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者想要实现自己的目标，却因为现实而失败了，但是作者并没有让困难阻挡自己的路，而是自己创造机会，不断尝试。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据““I really want to, but I can’t because...” It hurts every time I hear someone say it. I see it for what it is— an excuse. Every one of us has hopes, dreams and goals. We talk about how we will achieve them, but when it’s time to do them, we use that sentence.”可知，我们谈论我们将如何实现这些目标，但当需要实现这些目标时，我们会使用“我真的很想，但我不能，因为……”这句话给自己找借口，故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据“I decided to use the resources I had to create the future I dreamed of...I was able to hold a simple conversation in Japanese...The fact is, I didn’t even get the chance to apply for the scholarship. I failed...My hedgehog website didn’t succeed, but I created a new one, that’s even better with the experience I gained.”可知，作者即使失败了也在不断的尝试，因此她的希望会在失败后又重新燃起，曲折上升，故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I wanted to learn so many things and achieve my wildest dreams...I found articles and books online to study Japanese...I didn’t even get the chance to apply for the scholarship...My hedgehog website didn’t succeed, but I created a new one”可知，发生在作者身上的事情的正确顺序是：她想学很多东西，但机会很少；她下定决心学习日语，还建了一个刺猬护理网站；她申请日本文部省奖学金失败了； 她创办了一所在线大学，并创建了一个更好的网站，故选B。
【27题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Anyone can accept the cards they’ve been dealt (发牌) and create their own way to make them into a winning hand.”可知，任何人都可以接受他们所发的牌，并创造自己的方式使其成为一手好牌。所以“winning hand”指的是“一手好牌”，故选A。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“I didn’t let my difficulties stand in my way...Anyone can accept the cards they’ve been dealt(发牌) and create their own way to make them into a winning hand.”以及整个文章的理解可知，作者通过这篇文章鼓励我们遇到困难要迎难而上，不断努力，实现梦想，故选D。
C
Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic straws (吸管) and bags. More and more businesses are switching (转换) to paper products as an alternative (可供选择的事物). Paper is considered by many to be better than plastic. However, it is harmful to the environment, too.
Firstly, paper bags and straws are made from trees. Trees, as you know, can reduce carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere (大气). They can slow down climate change. An increase in the use of paper bags can cause more deforestation (毁林).
Secondly, the production of paper things requires more energy and water. About 10 percent more energy and four times as much water is used to produce a paper bag than a plastic one. You might say that we can use recycled paper to save that energy and water. This seems to be a good idea. However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process than to make a new paper bag. Products made from recycled paper are also often short-lived.
Furthermore, paper products are heavier than plastic ones. That means they require more fuel to transport. Seven trucks are needed to transport two million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags. The increased weight also leads to a larger amount of waste once the bags are thrown away.
Paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are more expensive than plastic products. A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents.
The most environment-friendly solution is to avoid single-use things altogether. Products like glass water bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products. Through increasing the use of these items, you can greatly reduce your throwaway waste and truly make our earth a greener place!
29. What can trees do to the environment?
A. They can make carbon dioxide levels lower in the air.
B. They can improve climate quickly.
C. They can cause more deforestation in the end.
D. They can provide materials for paper products.
30. From Paragraph 4, we can know that ________.
A. plastic products are much better than paper ones
B. paper products are easy to transport
C. one truck is needed to transport two million plastic bags
D. plastic products often lead to a larger amount of a waste
31. According to the passage, which should people use in order to protect the environment?
A. Recycled paper bags. B. Steel knives and forks.
C. Strong plastic chairs. D. Single-use cups.
32. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
A. B. C. D.
【答案】29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了纸制品对于环境的危害，并建议人们使用可以重复使用的产品。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Trees, as you know, can reduce carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere”可知树木可以降低大气中的二氧化碳含量。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Seven trucks are needed to transport two million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags”可知运输两百万纸袋需要七辆卡车，而运输相同数量的塑料袋只需要一辆卡车。故选C。
31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Products like glass water bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products”可知玻璃水瓶和钢吸管等产品可以反复使用，它们比纸制品或塑料制品要好得多。故选B。
【32题详解】
篇章结构题。第一段主要讲述了纸制品对环境有害；第二、三、四段分别从纸制品会造成森林滥伐、消耗更多的能源和水、比塑料制品更重和对环境介绍纸制品的危害；第五段强调纸制品对环境和企业来说都是两败俱伤的；最后一段介绍了最环保的解决方案是完全避免一次性物品。选项C所示结构与之一致，故选C。
D
What is this? Japanese ikebana(花道)? No, it’s Chinese traditional flower arrangement. They seem similar, but actually differ.
Recalling experiences in flower arrangement competitions abroad, Zhang Yan said her works were often mistaken for ikebana. “Some were quite astonished when I told them I’m from China. We need more publicity on Chinese traditional flower arrangement.”
Zhang Yan first know about flower arrangement in college from an optional course she took. Back then, she never imagined that a single course could be the starting point of her life-long career. Now, she hopes to do her part to introduce the art form to the world.
The art of Chinese traditional flower arrangement has been handed down since 1046 BC. Historical records show it served as offerings at temples, decorations in palaces and art at homes.
“Though it has a long history, the image of flower arrangement is still limited to the bouquets in flower shops,” Zhang said, “If people are familiar with the history of it, they would take pride in its centuries-old history and try to make it well-known.”
As it was included in the second batch of National intangible Cultural Heritage(国家非物质文化遗产), more and more people including Zhang’s own daughter now are learning Chinese traditional flower arrangement. “Whether she makes it her career or not, I hope she can continue to hold an ability to enjoy the beauty around her,” Zhang added.
“Unlike its Western counterpart, Chinese traditional flower arrangement emphasizes(强调) simplicity,” Zhang said. The arranger must decide on what is truly necessary in his or her work and remove the rest. Sometimes learners are moved to tears because they began to reflect on what is truly necessary in their lives. The healing(治疗) effect of Chinese traditional flower arrangement is realized when the arranger come to terms with what they truly want.
In Zhang’s view, there are more to Chinese traditional flower arrangement besides its therapy effects, and the key lies in the exploration of traditional Chinese culture.
“It came from traditional Chinese culture, and it is part of it,” Zhang argued. “Only when it absorbs enough nutrition from traditional Chinese culture can it bloom and be world-known. And our mission now is to inherit and develop traditional Chinese culture.”
33. Which of the following has the similar meaning with “astonished” in Paragraph 2?
A. Unhappy B. Surprised C. Nervous D. Excited
34. What do you know about Chinese traditional flower arrangement from the passage?
A. It has had a history of 1046 years since it was handed down.
B. When you arrange flowers, you’d better use as many flowers as you can.
C. Zhang’s words show there’s still a long way before making it world-known.
D. In ancient China, it was often used as decorations in many temples and palaces.
35. My friend is a busy office lady under great pressure, what may happen to her after doing flower arrangement according to Paragraph 7?
A. She may find it difficult to choose from so many flowers and give up.
B. She is sure to be a master of the flower arrangement.
C. She may find it relaxing and think of running a flower shop.
D. She may reflect on her life and work to make some wise choices.
36. What’s the best title of this passage?
A. Traditional Art Form in Danger
B. The History of a Traditional Chinese Art Form
C. Art That Blooms(开花) from Traditional Culture
D. Zhang Yan - A Master of Chinese Traditional Chinese Flower Arrangement
【答案】33. B 34. C 35. D 36. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了张艳对中国传统插花的热爱，并致力于传播中国传统插花。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Some were quite astonished when I told them I’m from China. We need more publicity on Chinese traditional flower arrangement.”可知当我告诉他们我来自中国时，有些人非常……。我们需要对中国传统插花进行更多的宣传。因为别人会有误会，因此对她的来历是很惊讶的，划线单词和surprised同义。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“‘Though it has a long history, the image of flower arrangement is still limited to the bouquets in flower shops,’Zhang said,‘If people are familiar with the history of it, they would take pride in its centuries-old history and try to make it well-known.’”（虽然它历史悠久，但插花的形象仍然仅限于花店里的花束，”张说，“如果人们熟悉它的历史，他们会为它数百年的历史感到自豪，并试图让它广为人知）可知，让人们都知道中国传统插花还有很长的路。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段的“The arranger must decide on what is truly necessary in his or her work and remove the rest…. The healing(治疗) effect of Chinese traditional flower arrangement is realized when the arranger come to terms with what they truly want.”可知插花者必须决定他或她的工作中真正需要什么，并删除其余的......中国传统插花的治疗效果是在插花者接受他们真正想要的东西时实现的，因此我朋友很有可能会反思生活和工作并作出一些明智的选择。故选D。
【36题详解】
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，主要讲述了张艳对中国传统插花热爱，并致力于推广这种艺术，选项C“从传统文化中绽放的艺术”符合。故选C。
阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。
Children’s Games in Ancient China
Unlike the children nowadays, the children during ancient times didn’t have smart phones, iPads or computers to enjoy themselves. ____37____. Let’s take a look.
Kicking stone balls
During the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in winter to keep warm.
Flying kites
Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each of them has special features. ____38____.
Playing hide-and-seek
Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children. Even nowadays, many children like playing it. There are two ways to play. One way is covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease him. ____39____.
____40____
The closest thing to watching a film or television for entertainment during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. Folk artists manipulate puppets behind the screen, narrating stories and accompanied by music.
Setting off fireworks
Fireworks have a history of more than 2,000 years. It is said that there was a beast named Nian in ancient China. ____41____. After gunpowder was invented, it gradually replaced the bamboo joints. Fireworks are still set off during Chinese Spring Festival.
A. Watching shadow plays
B. People were all afraid of the beast
C. For example, the swallow-shaped kite is a well-known Beijing style
D. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood
E The other way is that one child must try to find those who have hidden
F. To scare off the beast, people burnt bamboo joints to make them explode(爆炸)
【答案】37. D 38. C 39. E 40. A 41. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了五种中国古代的儿童游戏：踢石子、放风筝、捉迷藏、看皮影戏和放鞭炮。
【37题详解】
根据“Unlike the children nowadays, the children during ancient times didn’t have smart phones, iPads or computers to enjoy themselves.”可知，此处是说古代的孩子们没有一些高科技的娱乐设备。下文应是介绍他们孩童时代玩的游戏。D选项“相反，他们小时候想出了有趣的游戏来玩”符合语境，且承上启下。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据“Each of them has special features.”可知，此处在阐述每种风筝都有自己的特点。C选项“例如，燕子形风筝是一种著名的北京风格”符合语境。故选C。
【39题详解】
根据“There are two ways to play. One way is covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease him.”可知，此处在阐述“捉迷藏”的另一种玩法。E选项“另一种方法是，一个孩子必须设法找到那些隐藏的人”符合语境。故选E。
【40题详解】
根据“Folk artists manipulate puppets behind the screen, narrating stories and accompanied by music.”可知，民间艺术家家在屏幕后面操纵木偶，讲述故事并伴着音乐。本段讲的是皮影戏。A选项“看皮影戏”符合语境。故选A。
【41题详解】
根据“It is said that there was a beast named Nian in ancient China”以及“After gunpowder was invented, it gradually replaced the bamboo joints.”可知，此处与竹节和年兽有关。F选项“为了吓跑这头野兽，人们烧掉竹节使其爆炸”符合语境。故选F。
第II卷（非选择题，共55分）
四、词汇运用（共两大题，计 25 分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每词或短语限用一次。
nearly life take because finish free
against be lead to even though
Poverty (贫困) is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it. On Feb 25, President Xi Jinping announced that China has made a “complete victory” in its fight ____42____ poverty. President Xi honored role models and places in the fight. Here are two of them.
Zhang Guimei, 64, Principal of the Huaping Senior High School for Girls in Lijiang, Yunnan
Born in Heilongjiang province in 1957, Zhang traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17. She has been helping girls pursue (追求) education for more than 40 years.
As a teacher, Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students quit school (辍学) after ____43____ senior high school. It was possible for many of them to go to college. However, they couldn’t do so ____44____ their families couldn’t afford it.
So in 2008, Zhang started a ____45____ school for poor girls. Since then, Zhang ____46____ busy asking for donations to provide money for the school. She has convinced (说服) parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent more than 1,800 students to universities and colleges.
Mao Xianglin, 62, Village head of Xiazhuang village, Wushan county in Chongqing
In 1997, 38-year-old Mao started to work as the Party secretary (党支书) of his village. Around the village are 1,000-meter-tall cliffs (悬崖峭壁), and there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. It ____47____ villagers three days to walk to the nearest town. Mao decided to build a road.
“We can’t stay poor forever. I’ll lead us as we try, ____48____ it will be hard.” Mao said.
He led more than 100 villagers to build the road with their hands. They hung from ropes and used hammers and drills (钻) to create the road. Falling rocks ____49____ the deaths of six villagers.
It took them seven years to build an eight-kilometer road. But their work has improved people’s ____50____. It now takes just one hour to drive to the nearest town.
Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Last year, their orange yield (产量) was ____51____ 40 tons. Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online.
By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capita income (人均收入) reached 12,670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s.
【答案】42. against
43. finishing
44. because
45. free 46. has been
47. took 48. even though
49. led to 50. lives##life
51. nearly
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了两位扶贫模范英雄——张桂梅，毛相林。
【42题详解】
句意：2月25日，中国国家主席习近平宣布中国在扶贫事业中取得了“全面胜利”。fight against“与……作斗争”，为固定搭配。故填against。
【43题详解】
句意：作为一名教师，当张桂梅看到她的学生高中毕业后辍学时，她非常伤心。根据“It was possible for many of them to go to college.”及结合备选词汇可知，她的很多学生在上完高中后就辍学了，finish“完成”符合语境，空前after是介词，所以空处需用动词ing形式。故填finishing。
【44题详解】
句意：然而，他们不能这么做，因为他们的家庭负担不起。根据“However, they couldn’t do so”和“their families couldn’t afford it”可知，前后是因果关系，结合备选词汇，because“因为”符合语境。故填because。
【45题详解】
句意：所以在2008年，张桂梅开办了一所免费的贫困女孩学校。根据“However, they couldn’t do so...their families couldn’t afford it.”及结合备选词汇可知，张桂梅开了一所免费的学校，free“免费的”，形容词，修饰school。故填free。
【46题详解】
句意：从那时起，张桂梅就忙着向学校募捐。be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，所以空处填be，根据since then可知，句子的时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/ has done，be的过去分词是been。故填has been。
【47题详解】
句意：村民步行到最近的城镇需要三天时间。it takes sb.+时间+to do sth.“花费某人多长时间做某事”，结合备选词汇，用take的过去式took。故填took。
【48题详解】
句意：“我们不能永远贫穷下去。我会带领我们尝试，尽管这会很艰难。”毛相林说。根据“I’ll lead us as we try...it will be hard.”及结合备选词汇可知，空处用even though“尽管”来引导让步状语从句。故填even though。
【49题详解】
句意：落石导致六名村民死亡。根据“Falling rocks...the deaths of six villagers.”及结合备选词汇可知，落石导致了六位村民的死亡，lead to“导致”符合语境，句子的时态为一般过去时，lead的过去式是led。故填led to。
【50题详解】
句意：但是他们的工作改善了人们的生活。根据“It now takes just one hour to drive to the nearest town.”及结合备选词汇可知，之前花费三天的时间去最近的乡镇，现在只需要一个小时，他们的工作改善了人们的生活，life“生活”，此处填单复数均可。故填lives/life。
【51题详解】
句意：去年，他们橘子的产量将近40吨。根据“Last year, their orange yield (产量) was...40 tons.”及结合备选词汇可知，橘子的产量将近40吨，nearly“将近”符合语境。故填nearly。
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。

People already knew that pigs can learn to “sit” and “come” as we order. Research shows pigs are even c____52____ than we thought. They are able to play video games.
Researchers at Purdue University in the USA did the research on p____53____ game skills. The researchers were surprised that their test pigs were able to play some games. Researchers got four pigs, n____54____ Ebony, Hamlet, Ivory and Omelet, to play a simple game at different levels. They had to move a handle (把手) with t____55____ noses to make a cursor (光标) move to a bright blue wall on the screen. If they were successful, they got a delicious t____56____. Dr. Candace Coney, the leader, said, “It’s very clear that they understood what they were a____57____ to do.”
It took a lot of efforts to do the research. The pigs s____58____ many days playing the game. D____59____ the last 50 rounds, the pigs played the game at three different levels. If they s____60____ passed one level, they moved to the next level. The higher the levels, the better the treats. A scientist said, “The pigs clearly understood the connection between their own behavior, the handle, and what was happening on the screen. It was not a snap for them.”
Dr. Coney said, “It is important to understand how pigs get information, and what they are able to learn and remember. This will help us to learn w_____61_____ pigs think of interacting (互动) with humans and understand what pigs think of different environments.
【答案】52. (c)leverer
53. (p)igs’
54. (n)amed
55. (t)heir
56. (t)reat
57. (a)sked
58. (s)pent
59. (D)uring
60. (s)uccessfully
61. (w)hat
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过实验研究证明，猪比我们想象更加聪明，可以玩电子游戏。
【52题详解】
句意：研究表明，猪甚至比我们想象的还要聪明。根据“They are able to play video games.”可推测，会玩电子游戏，猪应该是很聪明的，且空后有than，结合首字母，空处应用比较级cleverer“更聪明的”。故填(c)leverer。
【53题详解】
句意：美国普渡大学的研究人员就猪的游戏技能进行了研究。根据“The researchers were surprised that their test pigs were able to play some games.”可知，研究员对试验猪能玩游戏感到惊讶，结合首字母，可推测空处是对猪的游戏技能进行研究，且不止一只猪，用复数形式，空后是名词，空处应用所有格形式pigs’，作定语。故填(p)igs’。
【54题详解】
句意：研究人员得到了四头猪，名叫乌木、哈姆雷特、象牙和煎蛋蛋，在不同的级别上玩一个简单的游戏。根据“Ebony, Hamlet, Ivory and Omelet”可知，此处是介绍这四头猪的名字，结合首字母，空处用动词的过去分词形式named“被叫作”。故填(n)amed。
【55题详解】
句意：它们必须用它们的鼻子移动一个把手来使一个光标移动到屏幕上的一个明亮的蓝色墙上。本句主语是They，可推测空处指代的是“They”，且空后是名词noses，空处应用定语修饰，结合首字母，空处应用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”。故填(t)heir。
【56题详解】
句意：如果他们成功了，他们就会得到美味的待遇。根据“The higher the levels, the better the treats.”可知，级别越高，待遇越好，可推测此处也应是用美味的待遇作奖励，结合首字母，空处应用名词treat“待遇”。故填(t)reat。
【57题详解】
句意：很明显，他们明白他们被要求做什么。根据“It’s very clear that they understood what they were...to do.”可知，猪群们很清楚自己被要求玩游戏做测试，结合首字母，此处考查be asked to do sth.“被要求做某事”，用动词过去式asked，与were构成被动结构。故填(a)sked。
【58题详解】
句意：猪群们花了许多天的时间玩这个游戏。根据“The pigs...many days playing the game.”可知，此处是动词短语spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，且本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式spent。故填(s)pent。
【59题详解】
句意：在最后的50轮比赛中，猪群们在三个不同的级别上进行了比赛。根据“... the last 50 rounds”可知，空处应是介词，与后面的名词短语构成时间状语，结合首字母，应用During“在……期间”。故填(D)uring。
【60题详解】
句意：如果它们成功地通过了一个级别，它们就会移到下一个级别。根据“If they...passed one level, they moved to the next level.”可知，能移动到下一个级别，应是成功通过上一级别了，结合首字母，空处应用副词successfully“成功地”，修饰动词。故填(s)uccessfully。
【61题详解】
句意：这将有助于我们了解猪对与人类的互动的看法，并理解猪对不同环境的看法。根据“This will help us to learn...pigs think of interacting(互动) with humans and understand what pigs think of different environments.”可知，空处是宾语从句连接词，且空后是think of，提问想法，用连接代词what。故填(w)hat。
五、读写结合（共两大题，计 30 分）
阅读并回答问题。
Why do we use “shang cesuo” to mean “go to the bathroom” and “xia chufang” to mean “go to the kitchen”?
In ancient times, houses were laid out (安排) in a certain way. The door of the home would face south, with the bathroom located in the northeastern part of the house and the kitchen located in the southeastern part.
On maps, north is usually at the top of the map, while south is at the bottom. In Chinese, we say “上北下南” to refer to the north as shang (upper) and the south as xia (lower). So people would say they were going “up” to the bathroom and “down” to the kitchen because of their location.
Ancient Chinese not only used shang and xia to refer to directions, but also social status (地位). Shang was seen to be noble (尊贵的), while xia stood for humility (谦卑). For example, people used huangshang to refer to the emperor and dianxia to refer to princes who had lower status than the emperor.
What does this have to do with the bathroom and kitchen? In the past, men were seen as the “noble” workers of the family, while women were “humble (卑微的)” homemakers. Since women worked in the kitchen, the “humble” character xia was used to refer to the room.
But those associations (关联) in meaning have been lost over time.
回答下面 5 个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。
62. How were houses laid out in ancient times?
__________________________________________
63. Where is “north” on maps?
__________________________________________
64. Why would people say they were going “up” to the bathroom and “down” to the kitchen?
__________________________________________
65. What did ancient Chinese use “shang” and “xia” refer to?
__________________________________________
66. Who was seen as the humble homemakers in the past?
__________________________________________
67. 书面表达
水滴石穿，绳锯木断。坚持做好一件事情，成就更好的自己。请以“One thing I keep doing”为题，根据提示，用英语写一篇演讲稿，分享参加毕业典礼的心得活动。
﹡What do you always keep doing?
﹡Why do you keep doing that?
﹡What can you learn from it?
注意：
1. 词数：100词左右（文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
2.文中不得出现真实姓名、班级等信息；
3.文章必须包含所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。
One thing I keep doing
Good afternoon! It’s my great honor to give the speech! It is known to all that
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for listening. That’s all.
【答案】62. In a certain way.
63. At the top (of the map).
64. Because of their location.
65. Directions and social status. 66. Women.
67. 例文：
One thing I keep doing
Good afternoon! It’s my great honor to give the speech! It is known to all that knowledge may be acquired through many ways, and the best of which is reading. In the age of high technology, reading deserves to be paid attention to. So I keep reading every day.
To begin with, it is the most flexible way of getting information. Many people think it not only helps them better understand society as well as nature, but also broadens their horizon. Additionally, reading, to some degree, is of great benefit to interpersonal communication apart from self-improvement. It can also enrich our life and bring people pleasure. What’s more, reading is also regarded by many as a means of better survival. Personally, I appreciate reading classical literature in my spare time, which provides me with a thorough understanding of life and society. Through practicing reading between the lines and beyond the lines, I find my comprehension ability stably improved.
Thank you for listening. That’s all.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些汉语词汇的文化含义。
【62题详解】
根据“In ancient times, houses were laid out in a certain way.”可知在古代，房子是按一定的方式布置的。故填In a certain way.
【63题详解】
根据“On maps, north is usually at the top of the map, while south is at the bottom.”可知北方通常在地图的顶部。故填At the top (of the map).
【64题详解】
根据“So people would say they were going ‘up’ to the bathroom and ‘down’ to the kitchen because of their location.”可知们会说他们要“上”厕所而“下”厨房是因为厕所和厨房所在的位置。故填Because of their location.
【65题详解】
根据“Ancient Chinese not only used shang and xia to refer to directions, but also social status.”可知古代中国人不仅用“上”和“下”来表示方向，还用来表示社会地位。故填Directions and social status.
【66题详解】
根据“In the past, men were seen as the ‘noble’ workers of the family, while women were ‘humble’ homemakers.”可知古时候女人被看作是卑微的家庭主妇。故填Women.
【67题详解】
[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为演讲稿；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏所给问题中涉及的关键信息，写演讲稿分享参加毕业典礼的新的活动。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍自己一直坚持的事情是什么；
第二步，介绍自己坚持的原因及学到了什么；
第三步，收尾，感谢大家的聆听。
[亮点词汇]
①pay attention to 关注
②not only ... but also ... 不仅……而且……
③what’s more 此外；更重要的是
[高分句型]
Personally, I appreciate reading classical literature in my spare time, which provides me with a thorough understanding of life and society.（which引导非限制性定语从句）