英语（新教材）高一暑假作业之巩固练习7 定语从句含答案解析

这是一份英语（新教材）高一暑假作业之巩固练习7 定语从句含答案解析，共12页。试卷主要包含了单句改错，单句语法填空，题型组合练等内容，欢迎下载使用。
暑假练习07
定语从句




一、单句改错
1. This is the factory where we visited last week.
2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking.
3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.
4. The house in that we live is very small.
5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.
6. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library.
7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.
8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.
9. Everything which we saw was of great interest.
10. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died.
11. The reason which he didn’t go to school is that he was ill.
12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.
13. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard.
14. I have two sisters, both of them are doctors.
15. We’re going to visit the school where your brother works there.
16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening.
17. That is the way which they work.
18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.
19. Who is the man who has white hairs?
20. I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea.

二、单句语法填空
1. Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, __________ is quite unexpected.
2. We'll reach the sales targets in a month __________ we set at the beginning of the year.
3. I live next door to a couple __________ children often make a lot of noise.
4. Creating an atmosphere in __________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
5. China Today attracts a worldwide readership, __________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
6. A company __________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
7. It is a truly delightful place, __________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
8. I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, __________ my classmates recommended to me.
9. The books on the desk, __________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
10. He wrote many children's books, nearly half of __________ were published in the 1990s.
11. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, __________ is not good for the health.
12. But Sarah, __________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
13. My eldest son, __________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
14. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, __________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
15. The little problems __________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
16. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of __________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
17. My connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid­1980s, __________ I was the first Western TV reporter.
18. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, __________ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the development of chopsticks.
19. Many young people, most of __________ were well­educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
20. The number of smokers, __________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.

三、题型组合练
语法填空
Many of my friends like fall and take it as their favorite season. Last weekend, I went outdoors and soon _____1_____(find) a deeper appreciation for this season.
The change of leaf colors is a common reason given _____2_____ the love of fall. Each tree reacts _____3_____(different) to the change of the season. Some shed their leaves in hopes of reproducing; however, other _____4_____(tree) remain green for as long as possible to gain additional energy from the sun to survive the winter. This effect _____5_____(call) the flight-or-fight response.
Fall is a time of _____6_____(reflect) and preparation for the year ahead. I have found a meaning of fall for me. I'm _____7_____ 18-year-old boy in the final year of high school and my life is a work in progress. There are times I want to give up, but then I look around me and realize life keeps _____8_____(move).The natural cycle of life is beautiful and doesn't stop growing so I have to learn to keep up.
The meaning of fall is different for each person. I encourage you _____9_____(go) out to follow some path or sidewalk and discover _____10_____ fall means to you.

七选五
It is impossible to know when you might find yourself lost in a forest. If you know what to do, you can survive in a forest without much trouble; but if you are not prepared, survival can be much less likely.
Keep fear at bay
It is completely natural to be afraid when you are faced with a survival situation. _____1_____ The more your fear overcomes you，the lower your chances of survival are, as your mind is going to become clouded and panic may set in.
Stay warm
Obviously, the low body temperature is one of the primary dangers you face when you must survive in the forest. _____2_____ Never stop to sleep or quit moving around unless you have an appropriate shelter.
Know how to make a fire
Obviously, if you have a lighter or matches, this is not a problem. But if not, you can attempt to use a dry narrow pointed stick and a dry flat piece of wood. _____3_____ This requires a great deal of work, but if done correctly, you will succeed.
Make some shelter
_____4_____ The easiest way to provide protection is to find a fallen tree and cover it with other branches and brush so that you can stay in the natural pit underneath the tree trunk. This is a very important aspect of being able to survive in the forest.
Stay put(待在原地) unless you know exactly where you are
If you can build a stable shelter and start a fire, you can build in the forest for several days. _____5_____ If you know where you are, travel as far as possible during the day while making sure you stop long enough before dark so that you can build another shelter.
A. Soon you will find that it's not that difficult to survive in the forest.
B. However, if you are going to survive in the forest, you must keep your thoughts clear.
C. Make as much friction (摩擦) as possible by rubbing the pointed stick along the flat piece.
D. It is better to stay and wait for rescue.
E. Under no circumstances should we fight with the wild animals.
F. Caves and overhangs are perfect, but most likely you must build your own.
G. It is crucial that you do all you can to stay dry and keep your body temperature up.

应用文
假定你是李华，上周六你的英国好友Eric教你如何创建个人网站，你从中学到很多知识。
请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 简述Eric给予你的帮助；
3. 希望向Eric学习更多相关知识。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案与解析



一、单句改错
【答案】1. where→that/which或去掉where
2. 把for放在looking之后
3. who→whom
4. that→which
5. that→which
6. which→that或去掉which
7. which→that或去掉which
8. who→that
9. which→that或去掉which
10. that→which
11. which→why/which前加for或去掉which
12. wants→want
13. his→whose
14. them→whom或both前加and
15. 去掉there
16. have→has
17. which→that/which前加in或去掉which
18. Those后加who
19. 第二个who→that
20. which→when或which前加in
【解析】1. where→that/which或去掉where。
2. 把for放在looking之后。英语中，有些短语动词，介词或副词不可与动词相分离。又如：look after，run into等。
3. who→whom。尽管在口语中who，whom都能作宾语，但在介词后只能用whom。
4. that→which。
5. that→which。that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
6. which→that或去掉which。当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little等修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
7. which→that或去掉which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the only, the very所修饰时，常用that引导定语从句。
8. who→that。如果先行词既指人又指物时，常用that引导定语从句。
9. which→that或去掉which。当先行词为something, anything, everything, nothing, all等时，常由that引导定语从句。
10. that→which。
11. which→why/which前加for或去掉which。
12. wants→want
13. his→whose。
14. them→whom或both前加and。
15. 去掉there。
16. have→has。当one of+名词复数作先行词时，从句的谓语用复数；但是当one前有the only)时，从句谓语要用单数。
17. which→that/which前加in或去掉which。
18. Those后加who。
19. 第二个who→that。当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，定语从句常用that 引导，以避免重复。
20. which→when或which前加in。

二、单句语法填空
【答案】1. which 2. which/that 3. whose 4. which 5. which 6. whose 7. which 8. which 9. whose 10. which 11. which 12. who 13. whose 14. where 15. that/which 16. whose 17. when 18. who 19. whom 20. as
【解析】1. which句意：到目前为止我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了5万英镑，这是我们始料未及的。本句中逗号后是非限制性定语从句，补充说明主句内容，应由which引导。which指代整个主句，意为“这；这一点”。
2. which/that句意：一个月之后我们将完成年初制定的销售目标。本句中，“______ we set ... the year”是定语从句，修饰先行词targets，关系词在从句中作宾语，故要用关系代词which/that，也可省略。
3. whose句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常弄出很大的噪音。先行词为a couple，由句意可知children与couple之间为所属关系，故用关系代词whose。
4. which句意：创造一种使员工感到自己是团队一部分的氛围是一大挑战。本句中，“介词in＋关系代词”引导定语从句，修饰先行词atmosphere，将先行词代入从句中可知，应填which, in which相当于where，在从句中作状语，表地点。
5. which句意：《今日中国》吸引了全世界的读者，这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。本句中，逗号后的句子是非限制性定语从句，关系词在句中作主语，指代整个主句内容，故用which来引导。
6. whose句意：国内市场利润正在下滑的公司可以到国外寻找机会。此处关系代词whose作定语。
7. which句意：这真是一个令人开心的地方，它看起来和一百年前一模一样，有着蜿蜒的街道和漂亮的小屋。which代替先行词place，在定语从句中用作主语，引导非限制性定语从句。不可用that。
8. which先行词为the book，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作recommend的宾语，所以要用关系代词，先行词是物，故用which。
9. whose句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。先行词为the books，和covers之间是所属关系，故用whose。
10. which句意：他写了很多儿童书，其中接近一半是在20世纪90年代出版的。从句中缺少主语，此处关系代词代指前面的books，作介词of的宾语，故填which。
11. which句意：很可能摄入过多(脂肪和盐)，那对健康没有好处。分析句子结构可知，“__________ is not good for the health”为非限制性定语从句，补充说明主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语。故填关系代词which。
12. who本句中，“__________ has taken ... top models”是定语从句，补充说明先行词Sarah，关系词在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who。
13. whose　“__________ work ... the world”是定语从句，补充说明先行词my eldest son，关系词在从句中作定语，故填whose。
14. where本句中，“__________ it remained ... through it”是定语从句，补充说明和修饰先行词the garden，关系词在从句中作状语，表地点，故填关系副词where。
15. that/which或省略　句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。本句中，“__________ we meet in our daily lives”是定语从句，修饰先行词the little problems，关系词在从句中作宾语，故填关系代词that/which或省略。
16. whose定语从句的先行词是the World Food Programme，定语从句表示“世界粮食计划署的目的之一是……”，whose在定语从句中作定语，修饰purposes。
17. when由句子结构可知“__________ I was the ... reporter”是定语从句，先行词是表示时间的in the mid­1980s，从句中缺少状语，因此填关系副词when。
18. who本句中，“__________ lived from ... 479 BC”是非限制性定语从句，补充说明和修饰先行词Confucius，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。
19. whom根据句子结构可知，most of __________引导定语从句，先行词为Many young people，关系词作介词of的宾语，故要用whom。
20. as句意：据报道，吸烟者的数量在仅仅一年内下降了17%。as引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，意为“正如……”，代替整个主句的内容。

三、题型组合练
语法填空
【答案】1. found 2. for 3. differently 4. trees 5. is called 6. reflection 7. an 8. moving 9. to go 10. what
【解析】文章大意：作者喜欢夏天这个季节，不仅因为树叶颜色的变化，而且也是对未来一年的反思和准备的时刻。
1. I went ourdoors and soon _____1_____(find) a deeper appreciation for this season.句意：我去了户外，很快就发现了对这个季节的更深刻的欣赏。时态为一般过去时，故填found。
2. The change of leaf colors is a common reason given _____2_____ the love of fall.树叶颜色的变化是喜爱秋天的一个普遍原因，the reason for…意为：…的原因，故填for。
3. Each tree reacts _____3_____（different）to the change of the season.句意：每棵树对季节的改变反应不同，分析句子成分可知此处应填副词，故填differently。
4. other _____4_____(tree) remain green for as long as possible to gain additional energy from the sun to survive the winter.其他树木保持绿色，尽可能长时间地从太阳中获得额外的能量以度过冬天。Tree为可数名词，所以应该用复数形式，故填trees。
5. This effect _____5_____(call) the flight-or-fight response.句意：这种效应被称为“逃跑或战斗”反应。被动句式Sth is called……意为：……被称为……，故填is called。
6. Fall is a time of _____6_____(reflect) and preparation for the year ahead.句意：秋天是对未来一年的反思和准备的时刻。故填reflection。
7. I’m _____7_____ 18-year-old boy in the final year of high school and my life is a work in progress.句意：在高中最后一年我是一个18岁的男孩并且我的生活是一项正在进行中的工作。an用来修饰以元音字母开头的单词，故填an。
8. but then I look around me and realize life keeps _____8_____(move).keep doing sth意为：一直做某事，继续做某事，故填moving。
9. Encourage sb to do sth意为：鼓励某人做某事，故填to go。
10. mean what可用来引导宾语从句，可在从句中做主语、宾语、表语等，分析句子成分从句中缺少宾语，故填what。

七选五
【答案】1-5 BGCFD
【解析】本文具体介绍了森林里迷路时的一些自保求生的方法。
1. 选B上一句提到“当面临生存问题的时候害怕是很自然的”，下文又提到害怕的时候会思维混乱，所以此处应该是指不要害怕。B项“然而，如果你想要在森林里活下来，你必须保持思维清晰”符合语境。
2. 选G该段的小标题是Stay warm，空前一句提到在森林里低体温会很危险，所以要想活下来就要保持身体温暖。G项中的“keep your body temperature up”符合语境。故选G项。
3. 选C本段讲述了在没有打火机或火柴的情况下，可以“钻木取火”。空前一句提到了“a dry narrow pointed stick”和“a dry flat piece of wood”，下文又说需要很大的工作量，所以本句应是介绍具体的做法。C项“尽可能多地用尖头的棍子在木板上摩擦”符合语境。
4. 选F该段的小标题是Make some shelter，下文描述了搭建庇护处的最简单的方法，F项中的“but most likely you must build your own”符合语境。故选F项。
5. 选D本段的小标题是Stay put(待在原地)unless you know exactly where you are.D项“待在原地等待营救是更好的”符合语境。

应用文
【答案】
Dear Eric,
I'm writing to express my sincere gratitude to you for helping me create a personal website last Saturday.
After learning about my difficulty in creating a personal website, you offered guidance to me. First of all, you taught me the steps of creating a personal website in detail. Then you told me what I should pay attention to. Whenever I had a problem, you explained it to me carefully and patiently. Finally, with your help, I succeeded in creating my own website.
Many thanks again for your help. I hope that I'll learn more relevant knowledge from you.
Yours,
Li Hua