英语（新教材）高二暑假作业之巩固练习6 选择性必修四 unit 5含答案解析

这是一份英语（新教材）高二暑假作业之巩固练习6 选择性必修四 unit 5含答案解析，共15页。试卷主要包含了单词拼写，单句语法填空，题型组合练等内容，欢迎下载使用。
暑假练习06
Unit 5




一、单词拼写
1. With time going by, there were fine w__________ around her eyes.
2. I hope to have the p__________ of having a handshake with the famous chemist.
3. It is required that all the students (should) wear short hair and school u__________.
4. Before sowing or planting crops, you must clean rough ground and remove w__________.
5. The guide a__________ the tourists in front of the scenic spot and explained its history to them.
6. Participants were c__________ according to age.
7. The b__________ kisses the bride on the forehead and puts a ring on her ring finger.
8. Water is a compound containing the elements h__________ and oxygen.
9. He has been teaching politics at a __________(中学的) school since graduation from college.
10. The curriculum was too narrow and too __________(死板的).
11. The government has taken measures to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market __________(稳定的).
12. His __________(天赋) for attending to children got him the job.
13. The __________警探) checked the scene of the violence and took the suspect’s fingerprints.
14. The __________(接待员) collected each patient’s number and asked them to wait patiently on the stool.

二、单句语法填空
1. __________(wool) sweaters can be hand knitted yet will shrink in the wash.
2. That year, I __________(attend) a consultation where we were well received.
3. As an employer, financial security was high on his list of __________(prior).
4. Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find __________(employ).
5. She is __________(proficiency) in several languages.
6. Having read the book, she was able to pass on the __________(acquire) knowledge to the students.
7. The newly licensed driver should be under the __________(supervise) of the old driver when getting on the highway.
8. The lamps are very __________(dust) because they haven’t been cleaned for a few months.
9. He took it for granted __________he should take possession of his parents’ bakery.
10. The final decision was made after close __________(consult) with local residents.
11. He relayed the message that their firm was superior to others __________ his employer.
12. He trains so hard that he deserves __________(win) the championship of the tournament.
13. He offered his __________(resign) letter in order to ask for everyone’s mercy.
14. They signed a contract __________ their opponents to develop the land together.
15. The employers of these factories were __________(accuse) of exploiting their workers.
16. He came to a __________(conclude) that his wrinkles were caused by his greed and worry.
17. He dedicated all his property __________ the country by distributing it to the poor.
18. The receptionist attended __________ the needs of all the participants and received applause from them.
19. __________(supervise) the children playing by the pond, she attended to the knitting in hand.
20. The mixture of __________(fry) chicken, eggs and flour made by mom tastes good.

三、题型组合练
阅读理解
In our magazine’s document room, from the June 1920 issue, I discovered a piece, What Editors Do, by Hazel Miller. What she talks about caught my eye: The first World War and its ending just two years before.
“During 1917 and 1918, when the World War was going, there was a huge demand for war material,” Miller writes. “Most magazines were carrying practically nothing but war stories. When the War ended in November, 1918, some editors still had a goodly supply of war fiction and articles — for which they had paid real money — on their hands, which most people by now are fed up with.”
Her words have stuck with me for the past 12 months as we’ve weighed which COVID-19 stories to run and which to hold. I’m writing these words with thick snow outside my window, but they will reach you in the green of spring. Will you be vaccinated(接种疫苗) and tired of reading about COVID-19 then?
We say writing is an art, and publishing is a business, but I worry we forget that publishing is also a gamble(赌博), Except for the immediate publication, everyone in the industry — agents, acquiring editors, magazine and journal editors, etc.— are betting on a story’s success in a future we cannot see. As is the nature of fortune telling, we are not so sure we will not occasionally lose: The 1920 editors sitting on a store of war stories no one wants, for example.
With so many factors outside your control, and so much uncertainty in the industry, isn’t it better to have stories written from the heart that you are truly enthusiastic about rather than some to please an ever-changing publishing market?
My future reader, it’s my hope that this issue finds you this spring doing just that: Writing the stories you need to tell — and the ones that will delight your own future readers for years to come.
1. What does the writer probably do?
A. A journalist. B. An editor. C. A librarian. D. A historian.
2. What did Miller’s words suggest?
A. The First World War shouldn’t have ended too soon.
B. Some editors would make a great fortune by storing war material
C. In the post-war years, people still enjoyed reading about war.
D. Too much war material had been stored by some editors.
3. The writer find Miller’s words especially useful when_______.
A. deciding which COVID-19 stories to publish
B. writing during the winter months
C. waiting for the green of spring
D. expecting to be vaccinated
4. What is the writer’s message to the potential authors?
A. To please the present publishing market.
B. To learn the nature of fortune-telling
C. To control as many factors as possible.
D. To write from the heart for the future readers.

完形填空
People go to college or university for many different reasons. I _____1_____ that the three most common reasons are to prepare for a career, to have new experiences, and to _____2_____ their knowledge of themselves and the world around them.
Good preparation for future careers is becoming more and more _____3_____ to young people. For many, this is the primary _____4_____ to go to college. They know that the job market is _____5_____. At college, they can learn new skills which will _____6_____ them with more opportunities. It is expected that careers in the field of information technology, for example, will need a large workforce in the coming years.
_____7_____, students go to college to have new experiences. This often means having the opportunity to meet people other than those from their _____8_____. For most students, it is the first time they have been away from home by themselves.
In addition, this is the first time they have had to make decisions _____9_____. Making these decisions increases their knowledge of themselves.
Besides _____10_____ self-knowledge, people also go to college to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting. For many, this will be their last chance for a long time to _____11_____ about something that does not relate to their career.
I think that people going to college should not be so focused on a career. _____12_____, they should think of going to college as an opportunity to have _____13_____ experiences and learn about themselves and the world they _____14_____.
This may make them better prepared for their _____15_____.
1. A. expect B. believe C. decide D. doubt
2. A. spread B. increase C. show D. keep
3. A. difficult B. obvious C. important D. impossible
4. A. value B. opinion C. reason D. advantage
5. A. rising B. encouraging C. attractive D. competitive
6. A. cover B. provide C. combine D. support
7. A. Also B. Again C. Yet D. Thus
8. A. colleges B. markets C. offices D. hometowns
9. A. now and then B. all of a sudden C. at an early age D. on their own
9. A. looking for B. looking at C. looking into D. looking up
11. A. hear B. learn C. speak D. worry
12. A. Besides B. Instead C. Anyhow D. Therefore
13. A. common B. direct C. previous D. new
14. A. imagine B. create C. live in D. travel around
15. A. family B. education C. experience D. future

语法填空
Six _____1_____(month) ago, Xie Lei boarded a plane for London _____2_____(study) for a business qualification. It was the first time she _____3_____(leave) her motherland. And now she is halfway through her _____4_____(prepare) year which is a must for any student before _____5_____(apply) for a degree course. And following is what she told us about her life in London.
“It is not just study that’s difficult. You have to get used _____6_____ a whole new way of life, which can take up all her concentration in the _____7_____ (begin). Luckily, I live with a host family, _____8_____ give me lots of good advice. Living with host families, in which there may be other college students, _____9_____(give) me the chance to learn more about the new culture. Also, when I miss my family, it’s a great comfort to have _____10_____ substitute family to be with.”

答案与解析



一、单词拼写
【答案】1. wrinkles 2. privilege 3. uniforms 4. weeds 5. assembled 6. categorised 7. bridegroom 8. hydrogen 9. secondary 10. rigid 11. stable 12. aptitude 13. detectives 14. receptionist
【解析】1. 考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，她的眼睛周围出现了细小的皱纹。根据单词首字母以及句意“皱纹”可知，应填名词wrinkle，作主语，结合上文were可知，应用复数。故填wrinkles。
2. 考查名词。句意：我希望有幸与那位著名的化学家握握手。根据单词首字母和句意“荣幸”以及空格前的定冠词the可知，此处应用可数名词privilege的单数形式，作have的宾语。故填privilege。
3. 考查名词。句意：要求所有的学生都要留短发、穿校服。分析句子结构可知short hair和school u____是动词wear宾语，都是名词词组，结合首字母提示可判定是“穿校服”，又因主语“students”是复数，因此“校服”一词也应该使用复数。故填uniforms。
4. 考查名词。句意：在播种或种植庄稼之前，你必须清理粗糙的土地并除掉杂草。分析句子成分可知，所设空处作宾语，所以应用名词，根据所给首字母，结合句意，“weeds(杂草)”符合语境，故填weeds。
5. 考查动词。句意：导游把游客聚集在景点前，向他们讲解它的历史。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。根据首字母提示及句意，故填assembled。
6. 考查动词。句意：参与者按年龄分类。分析可知，空处和空前的were构成句子谓语，表示“将……分类”用动词categorise，且和主语Participants之间是被动关系，所以此处填过去分词。故填categorised。
7. 考查名词。句意：新郎亲吻新娘的前额，把戒指戴在她的无名指上。根据单词首字母以及句意“新郎”，可知应填名词bridegroom，作主语，结合后文kisses可知应用单数。故填bridegroom。
8. 考查名词。句意：水是一种含有氢和氧元素的化合物。根据连词and后的名词oxygen可知，用名词形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填hydrogen。
9. 考查形容词。句意：大学毕业后，他一直在一所中学教政治学。根据汉语提示“中学的”可知，应填形容词secondary，作定语修饰名词school。故填secondary。
10. 考查形容词。句意：课程设置太狭窄，太死板。根据汉语提示“死板的”以及空格前was too narrow and too可知，此处应用形容词rigid，由too修饰，和narrow并列作表语。故填rigid。
11. 考查形容词。句意：政府已采取措施降低日用品的高价格以保持市场稳定。根据汉语提示“稳定的”以及空格前的动宾结构keep the market可知，此处应用形容词stable，作宾语补足语，构成keep sb/sth. +形容词结构。故填stable。
12. 考查名词。句意：他有照顾孩子的才能，这使他得到了这份工作。根据汉语提示“天赋”可知应填名词aptitude，作主语，表抽象概念不可数。故填aptitude。
13. 考查名词。句意：警探们检查了暴力现场，取了嫌疑犯的指纹。根据汉语提示“警探”以及空格前的定冠词The可知，此处应用可数名词detective作主语，复数意义，用名词复数。故填detectives。
14. 考查名词。句意：接待员收集了每个病人的号码，让他们在凳子上耐心等待。根据汉语提示“接待员”以及空格前的定冠词The可知，此处应用可数名词receptionist，根据句意，为单数概念，作主语。故填receptionist。

二、单句语法填空
【答案】1. Woolen 2. attended 3. priorities 4. employment 5. proficient 6. acquired 7. supervision 8. dusty 9. that 10. consultation 11. to 12. to win 13. resignation 14. with 15. accused 16. conclusion 17. to 18. to 19. Supervising 20. fried
【解析】1. 考查形容词。句意：羊毛衫可以手工编织，但洗过后会缩水。修饰后文名词sweaters，应用形容词woolen，作定语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Woolen。
2. 考查动词时态。句意：那一年，我参加了一个咨询会，反响很好。根据时间状语That year及后文中were可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词attend用过去式。故填attended。
3. 考查名词。句意：作为一名雇主，经济保障是他最优先考虑的事情。根据空格前的介词of可知，此处应用prior的名词形式priority，做介词宾语，priority“优先事项”为可数名词，零冠词可数名词复数表泛指，故用其复数形式。故填priorities。
4. 考查词性转换。句意：大学毕业生发现就业越来越难。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为动词find的宾语，employment“就业”是抽象名词，不可数，故填employment。
5. 考查形容词。句意：她精通好几种语言。根据空格前的系动词is可知，此处应用proficiency的形容词形式proficient，作表语。故填proficient。
6. 考查动词过去分词。句意：读过这本书后，她能把学到（获得）的知识传授给学生。动词acquire“获得”和所修饰的名词knowledge之间为被动关系，故用其过去分词作定语。故填acquired。
7. 考查名词。句意：新驾照的司机在高速公路上行驶时应该在老司机的监督下。根据空格前的介词under可知，此处应用supervise的名词单数形式supervision作介词宾语，under the supervision“在……监督之下”是固定短语。故填supervision。
8. 考查形容词。句意：这些灯积满了灰尘，因为已经有几个月没打扫了。根据上文The lamps are very可知，应填形容词dusty，作表语，表示“灰尘覆盖的”。故填dusty。
9. 考查宾语从句。句意：他想当然地认为他应该拥有他父母的面包店。表示“想当然地认为……”句型为take it for granted that…it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句。故填that。
10. 考查名词。句意：最终决定是在与当地居民密切协商后做出的。根据空格前的介词after可知，此处应用consult的名词形式consultation(不可数)作介词after的宾语。故填consultation。
11. 考查介词。句意：他向他的雇主转达了他们公司优于其他公司的信息。根据句意可知，此处的动词短语relay to“把……传到……”。故填to。
12. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他训练如此刻苦，所以赢得锦标赛冠军当之无愧。此处为短语deserve to do sth.“理应做某事”，应填不定式。故填to win。
13. 考查名词。句意：他递交了辞职信，请求大家宽恕。此处修饰后文名词letter，表示“辞职”，应用名词resignation，作定语，短语resignation letter“辞职信”。故填resignation。
14. 考查固定搭配。句意：他们与对手签订了一起开发这块土地的合同。名词contract“合同”，后常接介词with，sign a contract with表示“签订与某人的合同”。故填with。
15. 考查被动语态。句意：这些工厂的老板被指控剥削工人。根据句意，主语“工厂的老板”是“被指控”的，可知谓语用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以此空用过去分词，故填accused。
16. 考查名词。句意：他得出结论，他的皱纹是由他的贪婪和忧虑造成的。come to a conclusion得出结论。根据句意，故填conclusion。
17. 考查介词。句意：他把所有财产分给穷人，奉献给国家。dedicate…to…“把……奉献给……”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填to。
18. 考查介词。句意：接待员满足了所有参与者的需要，并得到了他们的掌声。attend to“照料，处理，致力于”是固定短语，符合句意。故填to。
19. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她一边监督孩子们在池塘边玩，一边织毛衣。分析句子结构可知，supervise在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语she构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Supervising。
20. 考查形容词。句意：妈妈做的炸鸡、鸡蛋和面粉的混合物味道很好。修饰后文名词chicken，应用形容词fried，作定语。故填fried。

三、题型组合练
阅读理解
【答案】1-4 BDAD
【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者讲述了自己阅读黑兹尔·米勒写的《编辑是怎么做的》有感，就此结合实际进行了思考以及对潜在作者表达了希望其能为未来的读者发自内心地写作。
1. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“In our magazine’s document room, from the June 1920 issue, I discovered a piece, What Editors Do, by Hazel Miller. (在我们杂志的资料室，1920年6月号的那一期，我发现了一篇黑兹尔·米勒(Hazel Miller)写的文章《编辑是怎么做的》。)”可知，作者可能是一个编辑。故选B项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the War ended in November, 1918, some editors still had a goodly supply of war fiction and articles — for which they had paid real money—on their hands, which most people by now are fed up with. (1918年11月战争结束时，有些编辑还保留着大量的战争小说和文章——他们花现金买的，但现在大多数人已经厌倦了。)”可知，米勒的话暗示了有些编辑储存了太多的战争资料。故选D项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Her words have stuck with me for the past 12 months as we’ve weighed which COVID-19 stories to run and which to hold. (在过去的12个月里，当我们权衡哪些报道应该报道，哪些报道应该保留时，她的话一直萦绕在我心头。)”可知，作者发现，米勒的话在决定发表哪篇COVID-19报道时特别有用。故选A项。
4. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“…isn’t it better to have stories written from the heart that you are truly enthusiastic about rather than some to please an ever-changing publishing market? (比起迎合不断变化的发行市场，写一些发自内心的故事不是更好吗?)”和最后一段中“…Writing the stories you need to tell…(…写出你需要讲的故事…)”可知，对于潜在作者，作者希望其能为未来的读者发自内心地写作。故选D项。

完形填空
【答案】1-5 BBCCD 6-10 BADDA 11-15 BBDCD
【解析】本文是说明文。文中作者主要探讨了人们上大学最常见的三个原因，分别是为职业生涯做准备、获得新的经验以及增加他们对自己和周围世界的认识。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为三个最常见的原因是为职业生涯做准备、获得新的经验以及增加他们对自己和周围世界的认识。A. expect期待；B. believe相信；C. decide决定；D. doubt怀疑。结合语境可知，此处指作者相信（believe）人们上大学最常见的原因有三个。故选B。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为三个最常见的原因是为职业生涯做准备、获得新的经验以及增加他们对自己和周围世界的认识。A. spread传播；B. increase增加；C. show展示；D. keep保持。由下文的“Good preparation for future careers”和“increases their knowledge of themselves”可知，这三个最常见的原因是——为未来职业“做准备”、体验新的经历、增加（increase）自我认识以及对周围世界的了解，且下文的“go to college to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting.”也是提示，expand和increase是同义词复现。故选B。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为未来的职业做好准备对年轻人来说变得越来越重要。A. difficult困难的；B. obvious明显的；C. important重要的；D. impossible不可能的。结合上文“Good preparation for future careers is becoming more and more”以及常识可知，对未来职业良好的准备越来越重要（important）。故选C。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，这是上大学的主要原因。A. value价值；B. opinion观点；C. reason原因；D. advantage优势。根据上文的“People go to college or university for many different reasons.”可知，此处指“主要原因”。故选C。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们知道就业市场竞争激烈。A. rising上升的；B. encouraging令人鼓舞的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. competitive竞争的。由上文提到的“job market”和下文中的“need a large workforce”可知，对于年轻人来说，为未来职业做准备变得越来越重要，因为他们知道人才市场竞争激烈（competitive），这也是人们上大学最主要的原因。故选D。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大学，他们可以学习新的技能，这将为他们提供更多的机会。A. cover覆盖；B. provide提供；C. combine结合；D. support支持。结合上文“they can learn new skills which will”可知，大学所学技能可以给年轻人提供（provide）更多的就业机会。故选B。
7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，学生上大学是为了有新的经历。A. Also也；B. Again再次；C. Yet然而；D. Thus因此。“有新的经历”与上文的“为未来职业做准备”之间是递进关系，故用Also。故选A。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这通常意味着你有机会认识到自己家乡以外的人。A. colleges大学；B. markets市场；C. offices办公室；D. hometowns家乡。由下文的“it is the first time they have been away from home by themselves”可知，上大学给学生提供了遇见其他人的机会，而这些人并不是来自家乡（hometowns）。故选D。
9. 考查固定短语辨析。句意：此外，这是他们第一次不得不自己做决定。A. now and then偶尔；B. all of a sudden突然；C. at an early age在早年；D. on their own靠自己。由下文的“increases their knowledge of themselves”可知，上大学也让学生第一次学会自己（on their own）做决定。故选D。
10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：除了对自我认识的探索之外，人们上大学也是为了在他们感兴趣的学科上扩展知识。A. looking for寻找，探索；B. looking at看着；C. looking into调查；D. looking up仰望。由上文学生第一次自己做决定可知，这是一种对自我认识的探索。故选A。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对很多人来说，这将是他们很长一段时间里最后一次学习与职业无关的东西的机会。A. hear听见；B. learn学习；C. speak说话；D. worry担心。由下文的“something that does not relate to their career”可知，上大学可以让学生学到更多让他们感“兴趣的”课程知识，而对大多数人来说，这也可能是他们学习与将来职业无关的知识的最后的机会。故选B。
12. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们应该把上大学看作是一个获得新经历、了解自己和他们生活的世界的机会。A. Besides此外；B. Instead相反；C. Anyhow总之；D. Therefore因此。“不建议把精力集中放在职业上”与“建议体验新的经历并了解自我和周围的世界”之间是转折关系，故用Instead。故选B。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们应该把上大学看作是一个获得新经历、了解自己和他们生活的世界的机会。A. common普通的；B. direct直接的；C. previous以前的；D. new新的。上大学提供了体验“新的（new）”经历并了解自我和周围的世界的机会，且上文的“have new experiences”也是提示。故选D。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们应该把上大学看作是一个获得新经历、了解自己和他们生活的世界的机会。A. imagine想象；B. create创造；C. live in生活；D. travel around周游。由上文的“the world around them”可知，上大学可以让人们认识自我，并对所“生活(live in)”的世界进行了解。故选C。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能会让他们更好地为未来做准备。A. family家庭；B. education教育；C. experience经历；D. future未来。由上文的“Good preparation for future careers”可知，作者认为对自我和世界的了解才是对未来更好的准备。故选D。

语法填空
【答案】1 months 2. to study 3. had left 4. preparation 5. applying 6. to 7. beginning 8. who 9. gives 10. a
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍学生Xie Lei在伦敦的生活。
1. 考查名词复数。句意：六个月前，Xie Lei登上了前往伦敦学习商业资格的飞机。根据空格前的数词Six可知，此处可数名词month应用复数形式。故填months。
2. 考查动词不定式。句意：六个月前，Xie Lei登上了前往伦敦学习商业资格的飞机。根据句意可知，此处应用动词study的不定式形式作状语，表目的。故填to study。
3. 考查时态。句意：这是她第一次离开祖国。It is (was) the first time (that)…引出的定语从句必须用相应的完成时，而不能与主句里的is（was）时态相同，这是固定用法。根据句中was可知，此处应用过去完成时（had done）。故填had left。
4. 考查名词。句意：而现在，她的预科课程已经进行了一半，这是任何学生在申请学位课程之前都必须经历的。根据句意可知，此处应用prepare的名词单数形式preparation作定语，修饰名词year，表明year的内容。故填preparation。
5. 考查非谓语动名词。句意：而现在，她的预科课程已经进行了一半，这是任何学生在申请学位课程之前都必须经历的。分析句子可知，空格前的before为介词，介词要接动名词作宾语，故用动词apply的动名词形式。故填applying。
6. 考查介词固定搭配。句意：你必须习惯一种全新的生活方式，这在一开始就会占用她所有的注意力。be/get used to (doing) sth.“习惯于”是固定搭配，此处to为介词。故填to。
7. 考查名词。句意：你必须习惯一种全新的生活方式，这在一开始就会占用她所有的注意力。根据空格前的介词in及定冠词the可知，此处应用begin的名词形式beginning(常用单数)作介词宾语，in the beginning“在开始的时候”是固定短语。故填beginning。
8. 考查定语从句引导词。句意：幸运的是，我住在一个寄宿家庭，他们给了我很多好的建议。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a host family，关系代词who引导从句，在从句中用作主语，代指family (家人)。故填who。
9. 考查动词时态。句意：住在寄宿家庭，那里可能有其他大学生，给我机会学习更多关于新的文化。根据上下文可知，此处描述现在情况，用一般现在时；分析句子可知，本句主语为Living with host families，空格处为谓语动词，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。故填gives。
10. 考查冠词。句意：而且，当我想家的时候，有个替代家庭在身边是一种很大的安慰。此处空格后可数名词单数family由substitute修饰，是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。因所连接的单词substitute以辅音音素开头，故填a。