甘肃省白银市会宁县第四中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题

这是一份甘肃省白银市会宁县第四中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题，共8页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

会宁四中2022- -2023 学年度第二学期高二级期末考试
英语试卷
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，只上交答题卡，试卷考生保留。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读- -遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What will Jack probably do this weekend?
A. Go camping. B. Visit a friend. C. Watch a film.
2. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Take care of her bags. B. Pack the food for her. C. Check the train schedule.
3. When will the man see Bob?
A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. Next Monday.
4. Why does the man apologize?
A. For the terrible food. B. For the overcharge. C. For the waiter's rudeness.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Writing a book. B. Holding a celebration. C. Buying a present.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does Sara make the phone call?
A. To ask for advice. B. To arrange an outing. C. To cancel an appointment.
7. What does David want to do?
A. Go to a dinner party. B. Talk to Sara in person. C. Work on the new case.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where is Jim now?
A. In a taxi. B. On a bus. C. In his office.
9. What is the woman's suggestion?
A. Going to the city center. B. Taking a short cut home. C. Meeting Jim in the park.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What did Clara do at the weekend?
A. She planted vegetables. B. She went to a yard sale. C. She visited her grandpa.
11. What did Mark find inside one of the books he bought?
A. A plane ticket. B. A family photo. C. A post card.
12. Where does Mark live?
A. Los Angeles. B. Chicago. C. Philadelphia.
13. What is the relationship between Mark and Ashley?
A. Brother and sister. B. Husband and wife. C. Father and daughter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is probably the woman?
A. A teacher. B. A journalist. C. An athlete.
15. What does Victor find difficult as a member of the basketball team?
A. Adapting himself to the intense training.
B. Dealing with the pressure from the coach.
C. Regaining the skills learned in high school.
16. What does Victor say about the players on the team?
A. They are of the same age.
B. They are similar in character.
C. They are from different countries.
17. How does Victor feel about his team now?
A. It's about to break up. B. It's the best in Indiana. C. It's getting stronger.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who is Tom Hokinson?
A. Founder of a magazine. B. Publisher of a novel. C. Editor of a newspaper.
19. What do we know about the content of The Idler?
A. It's old-fashioned. B. It's wide- ranging. C. It's student-targeted.
20. Why does the speaker give the talk?
A. To do a promotion. B. To discuss an issue. C. To introduce a lecturer.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It's the time of year when we start hiking. As you pack, remember to bring your smartphone. Whether you're going on a short walk or a long trip, there are a handful of apps that can help.
MapMyHike
This app tracks where you're hiking so you have a map of your route at the end of the hike. It can also track other fitness information like the distance traveled, speed, pace, and even calories burned. You can save the data for your hike, so you can always access the route you look as well as track improvements to your workout.
GaiaGPS
You don't always have cellphone service when hiking, but you always want to know where you are. The GaiaGPS app provides that information. Download maps of different parts of the world, and access the GaiaGPS app in the middle of even the most remote trails. The GPS function makes using the maps simple, and the app will also point to areas of interest.
Backpacking Checklist
One of the worst things is being way out on a trail only to discover you left behind something important. That's why checklists are the best. This checklist app helps you build a customized(定制的) list of things to take with you. Organize different lists based on trail lengths or requirements. Track all your essential items by weight and where you can find them.
WildObs
Using WildObs, you can record your observations of plants and animals and add them to the database. You can ask the community to help you identify something and keep track of everything you've met, and most importantly, you can become a citizen scientist. By recording what you've seen with this app, you're helping scientists keep track of what's happening to the natural world.
21. What can you do with MapMyHike?
A. Record your walking speed. B. Design a suitable hiking route.
C. Locate popular tourist attractions. D. Store the data of your daily activities.
22. What is WildObs intended to do?
A. To provide survival skills. B. To lead the way.
C. To identify wildlife. D. To help make preparations.
23. Which app is most useful before hiking?
A. GaiaGPS. B. MapMyHike. C. WildObs. D. Backpacking Checklist.
B
Pre- school children who spend time together take on one another' s personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities. While genetics still forms the central part of the human psyche ( 心理)，the research finds that personality traits (特征) are “contagious" (传染的) among children.“Our finding flies in the face of common assumptions that personality can't be changed,"said Dr. Jennifer Neal, co-author of the study.
The researchers studied the personalities and social networks of two pre- school classes fora full school year. One of the classes was a set of three-year-olds, and the other a set of four-year-olds. Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time. Psychology expert Dr. Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize.
The new study is not the first to explore the contagious effects of personality traits. A 2015 psychology study found that rudeness at work can be contagious as it travels from person to person “like a disease”. The study found that seeing a boss being rude to an employee was enough to cause people to be rude to those around them.
The researchers questioned 6,000 people on the social“climate" in their workplaces,which included offices, hotels and restaurants. They found 75 percent of those who took part said they had been treated rudely at least once in the past year. And the study also suggests that merely seeing other people being subjected to rudeness made it more likely that a person would treat their colleagues in the same way. Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite toa company event, sending unkind emails, finding fault with others or failing to give praise.
Dr. Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do as it can damage the working environment. She said better training could help to fight against the problem.
24. What does the underlined part “flies in the face of' in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Leads to. B. Results from. C. Goes against. D. Agrees with.
25. Which of the following is considered rude at the workplace?
A. Ignoring the faults of co-workers. B. Not sending emails to workmates.
C. Seeking praise from colleagues and bosses. D. Not inviting a colleague to a company party.
26. What is the passage mainly about?
A. One's personality is hard to change.
B. One's personality is shaped by genes.
C. One's personality traits can spread to others.
D. One's personality traits can change overnight.
27. This passage is most probably taken from .
A. a science journal B. a study guide C. a school textbook D. a science fiction
C
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house,observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older,John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)?Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design”is the name John gives to what he does.“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor," he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair."
28. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
29. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
30. What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John's research plans. B. To show an application of John's idea.
C. To compare John's different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John's invention.
31. What is the basis for John's work?
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
D
What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips,or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting?Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It's thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain's consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK's obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it's no longer“uncool”for boys to like cooking.
32. What do people usually think of British food?
A. It is simple and plain. B. It is rich in nutrition.
C. It lacks authentic tastes. D. It deserves a high reputation.
33. Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV?
A. Authoritative. B. Creative. C. Profitable. D. Influential.
34 Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now?
A.20%. B.24%. C.25%. D.33%.
35. What might the author continue talking about?
A. The art of cooking in other countries. B. Male chefs on TV programmes.
C. Table manners in the UK. D. Studies of big eaters.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
In Chinese cities, people in yellow or blue suits riding e-bikes are easy to see. They hurry between traffic, rushing from restaurants to homes and businesses, regardless of wind or rain. They are food delivery men.
Although they make our life more convenient, this can come at a cost for them. “_36_.” This is the headline of an article in the Chinese magazine Portrait, which has ignited a discussion online recently. The title accurately echoes the author's conclusion after interviewing dozens of people in the food delivery business.
The article pointed out that on food delivery service platforms Eleme and Meituan, the time limit and route for each delivery order is calculated by an algorithm. But the algorithm doesn't consider real-life situations, such as red lights, speed limits and fully occupied elevators._37_. In fact, the time limit for deliverymen has been gradually shortened in recent years.
_38_.So deliverymen speed up, often breaking traffic rules, putting not only their own lives at risk, but the lives of others as well.
Many people criticized the platforms and asked them to improve the regulations imposed on the deliverymen. In response, on Sept 9, Eleme announced it would add a button to the app._39_.But this only created more heated debate, as some felt that the company was escaping the problem and rounding about.
The Shanghai Customer Council commented that the move was illogical, adding that the deliverymen are following rules made by their employers.___ 40_.
A. Delay could mean a decrease in pay.
B. Based on the algorithm, the deadline for a delivery order within 2 kilometers is 30 minutes, according to China Daily.
C. our convenience witnesses their sweat.
D. Problems should be solved between the companies and their employees.
E. That's how deliverymen are pushed to no end of pessimism.
F. It allows customers to prolong the time limit for their order, and encouraged customers to show more respect for deliverymen.
G. The food deliverymen are trapped in the app.
第三部分语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India.The village lay near some wetlands which became his second_ 41_ .He learned the value and beauty of_ 42_ there from a very young age.
When he was 16,Molai began to notice something__43_ happening around his home.A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the_ 44_ it caused had driven away a number of birds._ 45_ ,the number of snakes had declined as well.He_46_ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the_ 47_ .The solution,of course,was to plant trees so the animals could seek_ 48_ during the daytime.He turned to the_49 _department for help but was told that nothing would grow there.However,Molai went looking on his own and_50_ a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
_51_ young plants in the dry season was_ 52_ for a lone boy.Molai built at the _53_ of each sapling(幼树) a bamboo platform,where he placed earthen pots with small holes to_54_ rainwater.The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below.
Molai_55_to plant trees for the next 37 years.His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
41.A.dream B.job C.home D.choice
42.A.nature B.youth C.culture D.knowledge
43.A.precious B.interesting C.disturbing D.awkward
44.A.waste B.tension C.pain D.damage
45.A. Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise
46.A.agreed B.realized C.remembered D.predicted
47.A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust
48.A.directions B.partners C.help D.shelter
49.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance
50.A.rebuilt B.discovered C.left D.managed
51.A.Decorating B.Observing C.Watering D.Guarding
52.A.tough B.illegal C.fantastic D.beneficial
53.A.back B.top C.foot D.side
54.A.cool down B.keep off C.purify D.collect
55.A.returned B.learned C.failed D.continued
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Six Degrees of Separation" refers__ 56._the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through_57._ chain of no more than five other people.This concept_58._ (put) forward first in the 1920s.The book Everything Is Different written by Frigyes Karinthy introduced the idea of friendship networks.
In the 1950s , two scientists tried to prove this theory_ 59._(mathematical)，but in vain. Then,in 1967 ,an American sociologist _60._(name) Stanley Milgram tried using a new method called the "small-world problem"to test the theory.He chose a random sample of people _61._(deliver) a parcel to a stranger.The people didn't know the stranger_62._should receive the parcel . It turned out that_ 63._only took five to seven people to get the parcel delivered to the correct person.
In the last few decades ，the phrase "Six Degrees of Separation" _64._(appear)again in TV series , films and even games,_65._ (arouse ) people's great interest in the theory . In 2001 ,Columbia University tried to recreate Milgram's experiment on the Internet . And most recently , the University of Milan also proved this theory successfully .
Therefore , you might be connected to the bus driver who takes you to or from work.
第四部分写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分 15分)
根据下面的提示，简要介绍杰出科学家爱因斯坦。
1.爱因斯坦(1879年3月14日一1955年4月18日)出生于德国;
2.其相对论(Theory of Relativity) 闻名于世，1921年获得诺贝尔物理奖(Nobe I Prize for Physics)，它对人类思想的发展，科学技术的变革和我们的生活都产生了巨大影响’;
3. 年少时害羞,不喜欢上学,不喜欢与人交往，一生中多数时间喜欢独处,喜欢音乐;
4.不看重金钱，热爱和平，致力于人权(human rights) 和社会进步。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
Albert Einstein is one of the 20*h century 's greatest scientists


第二节读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was my first university day of new term, which I had been looking forward to in the summer vacation.Mother decided Dad should accompany me though I thought I could manage it myself. Everything here appeared a little fresh to me; yet I still had a butterfly in my stomach.The letter of admission said my dormitory was Room 512 on the fifth floor.
I climbed the stairs slowly，carrying a big suitcase，my father following with two bigger more.By the time I set foot onto the fifth floor, I got entirely burnt out (累坏) and at the same time had a feeling of loneliness. Worse still，Dad missed a step and fell on his back, sending my new suitcases rolling down the stairs."Damn it! (见鬼! )”he screamed,his face turning red.I knew storm was on the way. Whenever Dad's face turns red, look out.
How could I ever get him to finish unloading(卸下) the car without screaming at me and making a scene(大吵) in front of the other girls, whom I would have to spend the rest of the year with? At that point，doors along the narrow passage were opening and strange faces peering out (探出) with curiosity, as Dad walked with difficulty close behind.I felt it in my bones that my college life was getting off to(陷入) a bad start.
“Wish to find the room quickly!”I prayed as I walked with my head bent."“Get him into a chair and calmed down." But then again，would there be a chair in my dormitory?Or would it be a purely empty room? I didn't know what was in store for me.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Finally I arrived at Room 512.


And there on a well-made bed sat a girl, my new roommate.