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辽宁省县级重点高中联合体2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
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这是一份辽宁省县级重点高中联合体2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，申请信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
辽宁省县级重点高中联合体2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Anne Frank Bike Tour
If you are the athletes or adventurers who love the history of Amsterdam, Anne Frank Bike Tour is the perfect activity for you to enjoy.
During this bike tour through Amsterdam’s Rivierenbuurt, you will not only visit the neighborhood where Anne Frank grew up, but also the elementary school she attended. You will have a pleasant bike ride along the Amstel River, where you will enjoy the beautiful views. Your professional guide will make several stops to tell you all about the life of Anne Frank and her time before her family went into hiding in July 1942 because of the German occupation.
Recommended: The tour is a perfect choice for history lovers who wish to learn more about Anne Frank in an educational and entertaining way while accompanied by a professional guide.
What’s included?
· Local guide in English
· Small group bike tour
· 7-speed city bike rental for 2 hours
Additional information
Please arrive at the meeting point 15 minutes before the departure of the tour and buy your tickets online before availability.
Tour
Duration
Pricing
What’s included?
Private Bike Tour
2.5 hours of biking with some stops in the middle
1-7 persons €245 fixed price; 8 or more 35 per person
Professional guide;
Bike rental: 3-gear city bike
Electric Bike Tour
3.5 hours of biking with some stops in the middle
1-7 persons €350 fixed price; 8 or more 50 per person
Professional guide;
Bike rental: Electric bike
Foreigner Private Bike Tour
2.5 hours of biking with some stops in the middle
1-7 persons €240 fixed price; 8 or more 35 per person
Professional guide;
Bike rental: 3-gear city bike
1．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A textbook. B．An art magazine.
C．An academic article. D．A guidebook.
2．What should you do when taking part in this activity?
A．Get your tickets online in advance. B．Choose your favorite local guide.
C．Reach the meeting point on time. D．Get ready for the tent you bought.
3．How much should nine people pay if they choose Electric Bike Tour?
A．€245. B．€315. C．€350. D．€450.
We can see an ice cream store in every street, but not all of them have a mission. When Charles Foreman was laid off from his position, he decided to do something to improve the neighborhood. He then ran his store Everyday Sundae, located in a troubled area that has seen its share of crime.
What sets his business apart is the free ice cream that Foreman generously gives out. He talked about young visitors wanting a treat of ice cream they couldn’t afford. “You know when kids come in, you can notice some of the kids have it and some of the kids don’t have it.
So I’m going to sponsor them. I just want to do some positive things. I believe my community is in need of a family-friendly ice. cream shop,” Foreman said. Foreman has also organized events like storybook readings accompanied by sweet treats for local kids.
With his business slogan “A place for community”, and artworks and cards from local kids decorating the walls, Foreman’s store has quickly gained a devoted following. One day, Nicole Harkin, one of his regular customers, noticed Foreman gave a free ice cream to kids without money.
For Foreman, this was a constant gesture that had just gone unnoticed, but Harkin reacted with surprise. She came back and handed him an envelope containing 100 dollars. Foreman was so touched by Harkin’s gift that he posted it on social media. Foreman and Harkin’s kind behaviors also inspired other customers to cover Foreman’s free ice creams for people they didn’t know. Foreman’s ice cream project has received many donations since then.
“When you see people doing their best, you want to do your best. Everything is contagious, whether you do something negative or positive. That’s just part of being in the community. We’re supposed to do all we can to help each other, Foreman said. Visitors tothe shop started buying items for the people in need, which started a pay-it-forward chain.
4．Why is Foreman’s store special?
A．Its goods are intended for kids. B．It provides free goods for locals.
C．It offers kids ice cream for free. D．Its ice cream flavors are various.
5．What does Foreman want to convey in paragraph 2?
A．The sympathy for local kids. B．The inspiration for his action.
C．The advantage of an ice cream shop. D．The method of running his business.
6．Which word can best describe people’s attitude to Foreman’s store?
A．Dismissive. B．Critical. C．Negative. D．Appreciative
7．What does the underlined word “contagious” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Influential. B．Flexible. C．Unique. D．Sustainable.
Since our earliest school days, we have generally accepted the idea that some people learn faster than others. However, according to a new study, we actually learn at very similar rates given the same opportunities.
Researchers looked at 1.3 million “student interactions” across a variety of learning software tools used by 6,946 learners, ranging from late elementary students to college students. The gathered statistics covered a variety of learning tasks.
The data showed that academic performance gaps come from differences in the starting point of learning, the learning opportunity and access to such opportunity, rather than any learning rate. “This further confirms that educational technologies can provide favorable learning conditions that make it easier to learn something new, like a second language,” says Ken Koedinger, a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania.
“We have all seen cases where somebody gets to a learning outcome sooner than a peer,” says Koedinger. “But what we don’t usually track is where they started. Our results are not contradicting that people end up in different places, but accounting for the fact that where students are starting from can tell us a lot about where they will end up.”
The team suggests that our brains can take different “mental routes” to learn something, which means our learning rates aren’t too different. Given the same opportunities, we can all get to the same point in the way that best suits our experiences and knowledge.
This is useful in figuring out the best ways to pass on knowledge. Though many factors work together when it comes to learning, the researchers want to emphasize that we’re all capable of learning.
“No matter who you are, you can make it,” says scientist Paulo Carvalho from Carnegie Mellon University. “You might have had fewer prior opportunities in your life, so it may be harder at first than it is for other people. But you will make just as much progress as anyone else as long as you hold on to your learning.”
8．How did the researchers carry out their study?
A．By doing online surveys. B．By introducing a concept.
C．By collecting data on learners. D．By conducting experiments.
9．What causes academic performance gaps according to the study?
A．The learning rate. B．The learning outcome.
C．The learning task. D．The learning opportunity.
10．What are we supposed to do according to the new study?
A．Stick to our learning goals wherever we start.
B．Take different routes to learn something new.
C．Try every means to increase our learning rate.
D．Seek learning opportunities at a very young age.
11．What is the best title for the text?
A．How can you learn something faster? B．What is behind your academic success?
C．Why is the achievement gap growing? D．Where is our starting point of learning?
How you fold a paper airplane can determine how fast or how far it goes. A lot of people arrive at the best designs through trial and error, and perhaps a little bit of luck. But this question is no child’s play for the researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne.
“Seemingly a simple toy, the paper airplane actually shows complex aerodynamic (空气动力学的) behaviors which are most often ignored,” the researchers said. “When the paper airplane is launched, there are complex physical interactions between the paper structure and the surrounding air, leading to a particular flight behavior.”
To examine the relationship between a folding pattern and the flight, they developed a robotic system that can make various paper planes and then test, analyze, and model their flight behaviors. In this experiment, the robot made and launched over 500 paper airplanes with 50 different designs. Then it collected data on how far each design flew and the characteristics of that flight.
The researchers sorted different shapes roughly into three types of “behavioral groups”.
The first type follows a nosedive (俯冲) path, which means a short flight distance before landing on the ground. The second type does a glide (滑行), falling at a consistent and relatively controlled rate, and covers a longer distance than the nosedive. The third type is a recovery glide, falling steadily before leveling of and staying at a certain height above the ground.
“With the high precision and automation of the robotic system, large-scale experiments can be performed to improve design,” the researchers noted. “The robot designer can deepen our understanding and exploration of design problems, and could otherwise be challenging to observe any behavior.”
This insight can also apply to the changeable flight paths of small flying vehicles. “These models can be used to improve a real-world robotic design to identify wing shapes that fly a given distance,” the researchers said.
12．What can be inferred from the researchers’ words in Paragraph 2?
A．It is difficult to design a perfect paper airplane.
B．There is more to explore about paper airplanes.
C．The paper airplane is a popular toy for children.
D．It is likely to control paper airplanes’ behaviors.
13．What can the robotic system do?
A．Promote paper airplanes to fly much farther.
B．Leave paper airplanes high above the ground.
C．Create paper airplanes with different designs.
D．Change paper airplanes’ flight characteristics.
14．What did the researchers expect to do through the experiment?
A．Enhance the design of airplanes.
B．Prove the precision of airplanes.
C．Predict the development of airplanes.
D．Increase the automation of airplanes.
15．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Researchers test their innovative ideas on paper airplanes.
B．Researchers design a real-world robot with paper airplanes.
C．Researchers can design various wing shapes for paper airplanes.
D．Researchers create a robot to learn more about paper airplanes’ flight.
二、七选五
Reading is the pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport. 16 Reading is fun, not because the author is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author’s or even goes beyond his. 17 And your ideas develop as you understand his.
Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house. 18 Although they are separate, together they all add up to something; they are connected with each other and with other cities. Books influence each other. 19 Wherever you start reading, you connect yourself with one of the families of ideas, and in the long run, you can find out about not only the world and the people in it but also yourself in it.
20 If you concentrate on books somebody tells you ought to read, you probably won’t have fun. But if you put down a book you don’t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will certainly have a good time. If you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder or gentler, you won’t have suffered during the process.
A．Books in a library are like houses in a city.
B．Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be.
C．Reading is good for your study and personal habits.
D．Your eagerness, knowledge and quickness make you a good reader.
E．The human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literature.
F．Your experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions.
G．They link the past, the present and the future and have their own generations, like families.
三、完形填空
It was Easter Sunday, 2013, March 31. I 21 the drug store on this rainy day and saw three young people sitting together under the store’s awning (雨篷). They were dressed in rags and covered in 22 . People entering the store 23 making eye contact with them, maybe frightened by their 24 .
In the store I couldn’t help but 25 why they were there instead of with their 26 on Easter morning. So, I bought three chocolate-covered, peanut butter-filled rabbits.
When I exited, I stopped in front of them 27 the candies. “The Easter Bunny couldn’t find you today,” I told them. “I 28 to see you to give you these.”
At that moment, anything that may have appeared 29 disappeared. Their faces softened. They smiled, took the candies 30 and thanked me.
I drove home never to see them again, but 31 the way it felt making them happy with that 32 surprise. I wanted more of that and 33 to challenge myself to 34 this kindness at least once a day for the month starting the next day.
So, maybe my kindness has a bit of 35 to it, because it made me feel good as well, but I’ll accept being called selfish for these kinds of acts.
21．A．entered B．designed C．explored D．damaged
22．A．fire B．snow C．mud D．blood
23．A．practiced B．kept C．considered D．avoided
24．A．experiments B．appearances C．exchanges D．talents
25．A．wonder B．complain C．explain D．doubt
26．A．volunteers B．partners C．classmates D．families
27．A．trying out B．carrying out C．handing out D．picking out
28．A．manage B．happen C．pretend D．determine
29．A．frightening B．interesting C．exciting D．disappointing
30．A．proudly B．gradually C．illegally D．gratefully
31．A．removed B．loved C．asked D．mastered
32．A．unknown B．unexpected C．unwilling D．unreasonable
33．A．refused B．pretended C．regretted D．decided
34．A．investigate B．protect C．continue D．observe
35．A．selfishness B．darkness C．greatness D．loneliness
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An increasing number of young people in large Chinese cities are choosing to become so-called digital nomads (游牧民), 36 (hope) to achieve a better work-life balance by operating remotely.
Using smartphones and computers, digital nomads 37 (typical) have no fixed business address and often work in 38 (variety) cities and countries. They operate from coffee shops, public libraries and shared office spaces, with some even working from recreational vehicles.
Zhang Le, a former oil engineer, had long wanted to become a digital nomad after reading The 4-Hour Workweek 39 (write) by Tim Ferriss. The opportunity to change his career came in 2015, 40 Zhang launched a content creation company. He began publishing articles about digital nomads online.
Zhang’s daily work schedule is not strictly defined, but mainly involves reading, collecting and sharing information related 41 digital nomads. He also conducts field visits to digital nomad destinations, writes reports about his experiences, shares book notes, interacts with community members 42 answers related questions.
Thousands of people will become modern-day nomads, migrating from place to place, and living and working on the move, as their 43 (ancestor) did. So far, this vision 44 (become) a reality, with the digital nomad organization DNX Global estimating that by 2035, 1 billion people worldwide will have adopted such 45 lifestyle.
五、申请信
46．假定你是李华，得知你市将举办国际旅游文化节。请你写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1. 写信目的;
2. 个人优势。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One morning, Ann’s neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school. She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on the dog and she planned to find its owner. Ann agreed, but she said that she could watch it only for the day because she needed to take care of her son. At the time, her son Thomas was 10 years old, who was recovering from a heart operation.
Later, Tracy took photos of the dog, printed off 400 FOUND fliers, put them in mailboxes and began to find the dog’s owner. Meanwhile, Ann bought some pet supplies, warning her son not to fall in love with the dog. However, her son was filled with excitement as he knew that his mother got a dog back home. He planned to provide the dog with some food everyday.
Four days later, Ann and her son were still looking after the dog, whom they had started to call Riley. During the four days, they took care of the dog carefully, provided some food, took a shower and played with it, and they had already become the best friends.
The evening of the fifth day, when Ann arrived home from work, the dog threw itself against the door and barked madly at her. As soon as she opened the door, Riley dashed into the boys’ room where Ann found Thomas suffering from a heart attack. Riley ran over to Thomas, but as soon as Ann bent over to help him, the dog went silent.
The doctor said if it hadn’t come to get his mother in time, Thomas would have died. Luckily, with the doctor’s help, Thomas could go home tomorrow morning.
“Mum, can we keep it if we can’t find its owner? Even we can ask for permission if we find the owner,” Thomas asked his mother when they came back home.
“Well, since no one has called to claim it, we decide to keep it,” his mother replied. Hearing that, Thomas was excited.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, the next day, Ann was told a man named Peter recognized his lost dog.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Peter’s car came and Thomas stood silently beside his car.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了阿姆斯特朗的安妮弗兰克自行车之旅的相关事宜。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段话“If you are the athletes or adventurers who love the history of Amsterdam, Anne Frank Bike Tour is the perfect activity for you to enjoy.(如果您是热爱阿姆斯特丹历史的运动员或冒险家，安妮弗兰克自行车之旅是您享受的完美活动。)”可知，本文介绍的是安妮弗兰克自行车之旅的相关事宜，因此文章可能出自于旅游指南，故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章Additional information部分“Please arrive at the meeting point 15 minutes before the departure of the tour and buy your tickets online before availability.(请在出发前15分钟到达集合地点，并在售罄前在线购票。)”可知，此次活动需要网上提前购票。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据表格中Electric Bike Tour部分“8 or more 50 per person”（1-7人350欧元固定价格；8个或更多每人50欧元）可知，9个人的费用是450（50*9）欧元。故选D项。
4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Charles Foreman被解雇后，他决定做些事情来改善邻里关系，他在一个治安混乱的地区开了一家名为Everyday Sundae的店，为孩子们免费提供冰淇淋。他的行为得到了人们的感激和支持。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“What sets his business apart is the free ice cream that Foreman generously gives out.(让他的生意与众不同的是Foreman慷慨地免费分发冰淇淋)”可知，Foreman的店因为为孩子们免费提供冰淇淋而特别。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“What sets his business apart is the free ice cream that Foreman generously gives out. He talked about young visitors wanting a treat of ice cream they couldn’t afford. “You know when kids come in, you can notice some of the kids have it and some of the kids don’t have it.(让他的生意与众不同的是福曼慷慨地免费分发冰淇淋。他谈到年轻的游客想要一份他们买不起的冰淇淋。“你知道，当孩子们进来的时候，你可以注意到有些孩子有，有些孩子没有)”可知，Foreman在第二段想表达他行动的灵感。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Foreman and Harkin’s kind behaviors also inspired other customers to cover Foreman’s free ice creams for people they didn’t know. Foreman’s ice cream project has received many donations since then.( Foreman和Harkin的善良行为也激励了其他顾客把Foreman的免费冰淇淋送给他们不认识的人。从那以后，Foreman的冰淇淋项目收到了很多捐款)”可推知，人们对Foreman商店的态度是感激。故选D。
7．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When you see people doing their best, you want to do your best.(当你看到人们竭尽全力时，你也想做到最好)”可知，当你看到人们竭尽全力时，你也想做到最好，说明事情都是有影响力的，会互相影响。故划线词意思是“有影响力的”。故选A。
8．C 9．D 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究表明，在相同的机会下，学习者实际的学习速度非常相似，学习成绩的差距受到学习起点、学习机会和获得机会的影响，而不是学习速度。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers looked at 1.3 million “student interactions” across a variety of learning software tools used by 6,946 learners, ranging from late elementary students to college students. The gathered statistics covered a variety of learning tasks. (研究人员研究了6946名学习者使用的各种学习软件工具的130万次“学生互动”，这些学习者从小学生到大学生不等。收集到的统计数据涵盖了各种学习任务。)”可知，研究者收集了学习软件工具上学习者的数据来进行研究。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The data showed that academic performance gaps come from differences in the starting point of learning, the learning opportunity and access to such opportunity, rather than any learning rate. (数据显示，学习成绩的差距来自学习起点、学习机会和获得机会的不同，而不是学习速度。)”可知，该研究发现学习成绩的差距主要是由学习机会的不同导致的。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Paulo Carvalho所说的话“You might have had fewer prior opportunities in your life, so it may be harder at first than it is for other people. But you will make just as much progress as anyone else as long as you hold on to your learning. (在你的生活中，你之前的机会可能更少，所以一开始可能比其他人更难。但只要你坚持学习，你就会取得和别人一样大的进步。)”可知，虽然之前机会少会导致一开始学习比较难，但是坚持学习就可以取得同样的进步。因此，无论从哪里开始，我们都应该坚持我们的学习目标。故选A项。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项新的研究，该研究表明学习成绩的差距受到学习起点、学习机会和获得机会的影响，而不是学习速度，如果有相同的机会，学习者实际的学习速度非常相似。因此，文章揭示了影响学习者学习成绩的因素，B项“你学业成功的背后是什么？”概括了文章大意，最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员认为纸飞机的飞行行为非常值得研究，因此开发了一个机器人系统，制作各种纸飞机，对其飞行行为进行测试、分析和模拟，以此收集各种数据来改进设计。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段中研究人员所说的话“Seemingly a simple toy, the paper airplane actually shows complex aerodynamic (空气动力学的) behaviors which are most often ignored (纸飞机看似是一个简单的玩具，实际上却表现出复杂的空气动力学行为，而这些行为往往被忽略)”和“When the paper airplane is launched, there are complex physical interactions between the paper structure and the surrounding air, leading to a particular flight behavior. (当纸飞机发射时，纸结构与周围空气之间存在复杂的物理相互作用，导致特定的飞行行为。)”可知，纸飞机的飞行实际上非常复杂，涉及复杂的物理相互作用，但却被忽略了。由此推知，关于纸飞机还有很多值得探索的地方。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“To examine the relationship between a folding pattern and the flight, they developed a robotic system that can make various paper planes and then test, analyze, and model their flight behaviors. (为了研究折叠模式和飞行之间的关系，他们开发了一个机器人系统，可以制作各种纸飞机，然后测试、分析和模拟它们的飞行行为。)”可知，机器人系统可以制作不同设计的纸飞机。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中研究人员所说的话“With the high precision and automation of the robotic system, large-scale experiments can be performed to improve design (随着机器人系统的高精度和自动化，可以进行大规模的实验来改进设计)”可知，研究人员期待在实验中加强飞机的设计。故选A项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了研究人员认为纸飞机的飞行行为非常值得研究，因此开发了一个机器人系统，制作各种纸飞机，对其飞行行为进行测试、分析和模拟，以此收集各种数据来改进设计。因此，D项“研究人员制作了一个机器人来了解更多关于纸飞机的飞行”可概括文章大意。故选D项。
16．D 17．F 18．A 19．G 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了读书给我们带来的快乐和收获。
16．根据上文“Reading is the pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport.(阅读是心灵的愉悦，这意味着它有点像一项运动。)”以及下文“Reading is fun, not because the author is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work.(阅读的乐趣，不是因为作者在告诉你什么，而是因为它使你的思维活动起来。)”可知，阅读就像运动一样，不仅仅需要作者告诉我们什么，也需要读者的思维活跃起来，需要读者的欲望和知识。D项“Your eagerness, knowledge and quickness make you a good reader.(你的热心、知识和敏捷使你成为一个好读者。)”符合语境。故选D项。
17．根据上文“Your own imagination works along with the author’s or even goes beyond his.(你自己的想象力与作者的想象力一起发挥作用，甚至超越作者的想象力。)”以及下文“And your ideas develop as you understand his.(你的想法会随着你对他的理解而发展。)”可知，我们的想象力和作者的想象力一起发挥作用。人生经历的不同，也许会有相同的感受，也许会不同。当然也许会随着理解而不断发展。F项“Your experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions.(你的经历与他的比较，会使你得出相同或不同的结论。)”符合语境。故选F项。
18．根据上文“Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house.(每本书都是独立的，就像一户人家的房子。)”以及下文“Although they are separate, together they all add up to something; they are connected with each other and with other cities.(虽然它们是分开的，但加在一起就会产生一些东西；它们彼此相连，也与其他城市相连。)”可知，每本书就像房子一样，既独立又彼此相连。A项“Books in a library are like houses in a city.(图书馆里的书就像城市里的房子。)”符合语境。故选A项。
19．根据上文“Books influence each other.(书籍相互影响。)”以及下文“Wherever you start reading, you connect yourself with one of the families of ideas, and in the long run, you can find out about not only the world and the people in it but also yourself in it.(无论你从哪里开始阅读，你都将自己与一个思想家族联系起来，从长远来看，你不仅可以了解这个世界和其中的人们，还可以了解其中的你自己。)”可知，书彼此相互影响，它们可以将你与一个思想家族联系在一起，也可以联系过去，现在和未来。G项“They link the past, the present and the future and have their own generations, like families.(它们连接着过去、现在和未来，像家庭一样，有自己的一代。)”符合语境。故选G项。
20．根据下文“If you concentrate on books somebody tells you ought to read, you probably won’t have fun. But if you put down a book you don’t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will certainly have a good time.(如果你专注于别人告诉你应该读的书，你可能不会有乐趣。但是，如果你放下一本你不喜欢的书，尝试另一本，直到你找到一本对你有意义的书，然后放松地看它，你肯定会度过一段美好的时光。)”可知，阅读的快乐可以是你找到一本有意义的书，可以是你期望的快乐。B项“Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be.(阅读只有在你期望它有趣的时候才会有趣。)”符合语境。故选B项。
21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一个雨天遇到三个穿着破烂衣服的年轻人，他们被人们所避开。作者买了三个巧克力兔子送给他们，让他们感到开心。作者因此感到快乐，决定在接下来的一个月里每天至少做一件好事。文章主要讲述了作者的善良行为和其带来的快乐。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个下雨天，我走进药店，看到三个年轻人一起坐在商店的雨篷下。A. entered进入；B. designed设计；C. explored探索；D. damaged损坏。根据后文“saw three young people sitting together under the store’s awning”和“People entering the store”可知，作者走进药房，看到三个年轻人一起坐在商店的遮阳篷下。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们衣衫褴褛，浑身是泥。A. fire火；B. snow雪；C. mud泥；D. blood血。根据前文的“in rags”可知，这三个人衣衫褴褛并且蓬头垢面，浑身是泥。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：进入商店的人避免与他们进行眼神交流，可能是被他们的外表吓坏了。A. practiced练习；B. kept保持；C. considered考虑；D. avoided避免。根据后文的“frightened”可知，进入商店的人避免与他们进行眼神交流。故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. experiments实验；B. appearances外表；C. exchanges交流； D. talents才能。根据前文的“They were dressed in rags and covered in ___2___ .”可知，这三个人衣衫褴褛并且蓬头垢面，浑身是泥，所以进店的客人们被他们的外表吓坏了。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在商店里，我不禁想知道为什么他们在复活节的早上会在那里，而不是和家人在一起。A. wonder惊奇、想知道；B. complain抱怨；C. explain解释；D. doubt怀疑。根据后文“why they were there”可知，作者好奇他们为什么在这里。故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在商店里，我不禁想知道为什么他们在复活节的早上会在那里，而不是和家人在一起。A. volunteers志愿者；B. partners伙伴；C. classmates同学；D. families家人。根据后文“on Easter morning”可知，复活节期间，应该和家人在一起。故选D。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我离开时，我停在他们面前分发糖果。A. trying out尝试；B. carrying out执行；C. handing out分发；D. picking out挑选。根据后文“the candies”可知，作者给他们分发糖果。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我碰巧看到你要给你这些糖果。A. manage管理；B. happen发生，碰巧；C. pretend假装；D. determine决定。根据前文“The Easter Bunny couldn’t find you today”（复活节兔子今天找不到你）可知，所以作者走到三个年轻人的前面，打趣地说道，碰巧看到他们，送给他们糖果。故选B。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，任何可能看起来可怕的东西都消失了。A. frightening令人恐惧的；B. interesting有趣的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据前文讲“进店的客人们被他们的外表吓坏了”和后文“Their faces softened.”可知，任何可怕的事情消失了，因为他们的脸色变得柔和了。故选A。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们微笑着，感激地接过糖果，感谢我。A. proudly自豪地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. illegally非法地；D. gratefully感激地。根据后文的“thanked me.”可知，感激地接过糖果，感谢作者。故选D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开车回家，再也没见过他们，但我很喜欢那种让他们为这个意想不到的惊喜感到高兴的感觉。A. removed移除；B. loved爱；C. asked询问；D. mastered掌握。根据前文讲作者做了好事和后文“it felt making them happy with that ___12___ surprise.”可知，作者很喜欢那种让他们为这个意想不到的惊喜感到高兴的感觉。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unknown未知的；B. unexpected意外的，意想不到的；C. unwilling不愿意的；D. unreasonable不合理的。根据后文的“surprise”可知，当作者给他们发放糖果的时候，这对那三个人来说是意想不到的惊喜。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要更多，并决定挑战自己，从第二天开始的一个月里，每天继续至少做一次这样的善事。A. refused拒绝；B. pretended假装；C. regretted后悔；D. decided决定。根据后文“to challenge myself”可知，作者决定要挑战自己。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. investigate调查；B. protect保护；C. continue继续；D. observe观察。根据后文的“this kindness”可知，作者决定要挑战自己，从第二天开始的一个月里，每天继续至少做一次这样的善事。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，也许我的善良有一点自私，因为这也让我感觉很好，但我可以接受这种行为被称为自私。A. selfishness自私；B. darkness黑暗；C. greatness伟大的； D. loneliness 孤独。根据后文的“but I’ll accept being called selfish for these kinds of acts.”可知，帮助别人不仅能让别人感觉良好，还能让作者感觉良好，由此作者认为自己做出的这种善良行为有一点点自私。故选A。
36．hoping 37．typically 38．various/varied 39．written 40．when 41．to 42．and 43．ancestors 44．has become 45．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是越来越多的中国年轻人选择成为数字游牧民，希望通过远程工作实现更好的工作与生活平衡。同时文章介绍了数字游牧民的工作方式和生活方式，以及数字游牧民的未来发展趋势。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国大城市，越来越多的年轻人选择成为所谓的“数字游牧民”，希望通过远程操作实现更好的工作与生活平衡。分析句子，句中are为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处young people与hope之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作伴随状语。故填hoping。
37．考查副词。句意：使用智能手机和电脑的数字游牧民通常没有固定的办公地址，经常在不同的城市和国家工作。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词have。故填typically。
38．考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用variety的形容词various或者varied作定语，修饰名词cities and countries，意为“多样的”。故填various。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：张乐曾是一名石油工程师，在阅读了蒂姆·费里斯的《每周工作4小时》后，他一直想成为一名数字游牧民。句中had wanted为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处The 4-Hour Workweek与write之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填written。
40．考查定语从句。句意：2015年，他迎来了转行的机会，创办了一家内容创作公司。分析句子，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词2015。故填when。
41．考查固定短语。句意：张的日常工作安排并没有严格的规定，但主要是阅读、收集和分享与数字游牧民有关的信息。句中be related to为固定短语，意为“与……有关”。故填to。
42．考查连词。句意：他还对数字游牧民的目的地进行实地考察，撰写关于他的经历的报告，分享读书笔记，与社区成员互动，并回答相关问题。分析句子，设空处使用连词连接空前的conducts，writes, shares，interacts以及answers，此处构成并列关系。故填and。
43．考查名词。句意：成千上万的人将成为现代的游牧民族，从一个地方迁移到另一个地方，像他们的祖先一样生活和工作在移动中。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语，此处表示复数意义。故填ancestors。
44．考查动词。句意：到目前为止，这一愿景已经成为现实，数字游牧组织DNX Global估计，到2035年，全球将有10亿人采用这种生活方式。分析句子，句中so far为现在完成时时间标志，句子的主语为this vision，为第三人称单数。故填has become。
45．考查冠词。句意：同上。句中lifestyle为名词，此处表示泛指，故使用不定冠词。同时lifestyle首字母为辅音音素。故填a。
46．Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a senior two student. Hearing an international tourism and culture festival will be held in our city, I’m excited and write to you to apply to be a volunteer.
I believe I am qualified for the work, because I have a good command of spoken English, which is beneficial for introducing our city. If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around and get them to know about the culture of our city. Additionally, I’m easy-going and skilled at communicating.
Really hope to get the chance to work for you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。本市即将举办国际旅游文化节，由此要求考生写一封申请信做志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→ launch
幸运的：lucky → fortunate
此外地：additionally→ in addition
希望：hope→ expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Hearing an international tourism and culture festival will be held in our city, I’m excited and write to you to apply to be a volunteer.
拓展句：Because I hear that an international tourism and culture festival will be held in our city, I’m excited and write to you to apply to be a volunteer.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I believe I am qualified for the work, because I have a good command of spoken English, which is beneficial for introducing our city.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around and get them to know about the culture of our city. （运用了if引导条件状语从句）
47．参考范文：
However, the next day, Ann was told a man named Peter recognized his lost dog. Tracy said Peter called the number on the flier. Ann told Tracy what had happened during these days and even started crying. At the same time, Ann showed great gratitude to the dog. And Tracy told Ann that Peter would drive to her house to pick up his dog this afternoon. Later, Ann told Thomas the owner had called to claim Riley, they needed to return it to the owner. Hearing that news, Thomas put his hands over his mouth. His eyes were wide open for he couldn’t believe what had happened. However, he had to face the truth.
Peter’s car came and Thomas stood silently beside his car. Ann took Riley from her home. Seeing that, Thomas’ tears were rolling down his cheeks. Riley sat beside Thomas, sometimes ran around him and shouted: wom wom, which clearly showed that Riley didn’t want to leave his friend, Thomas. At last, Thomas asked Peter, “Can we keep Riley?” Knowing this point, Peter thought about it for a moment, and then said, “Maybe my dog was supposed to find you, maybe you should keep it.” Hearing that, Thomas ran around after Riley, obviously, they were full of joy.
【导语】本文以狗为线索，讲述了一只迷路的小狗被Ann收留并救了Ann儿子一命的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，第二天，安被告知一个名叫彼得的人认出了他丢失的狗。”可知，第一段可描述Peter看到传单上的狗并打电话询问。Ann对这只狗表达了感谢，Peter开车去接狗回家。Thomas知道这个消息后很难过，但也得面对现实。
②由第二段首句内容“彼得的车来了，托马斯静静地站在他的车旁边。”可知，第二段可描述Thomas的难过，最后Peter看到狗也不愿意离开。最终让Thomas留下了狗。
2.续写线索：认出狗——接狗回家——难过，不舍——留下狗——开心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①流下：roll down/stream down
②归还：return/give back
③充满：be full of/be filled with/be overwhelmed with
情绪类
①感激：show great gratitude to/express appreciation
②乐趣：joy/pleasure
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing that news, Thomas put his hands over his mouth.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Riley sat beside Thomas, sometimes ran around him and shouted: wom wom, which clearly showed that Riley didn’t want to leave his friend, Thomas.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
辽宁省县级重点高中联合体2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Anne Frank Bike Tour
If you are the athletes or adventurers who love the history of Amsterdam, Anne Frank Bike Tour is the perfect activity for you to enjoy.
During this bike tour through Amsterdam’s Rivierenbuurt, you will not only visit the neighborhood where Anne Frank grew up, but also the elementary school she attended. You will have a pleasant bike ride along the Amstel River, where you will enjoy the beautiful views. Your professional guide will make several stops to tell you all about the life of Anne Frank and her time before her family went into hiding in July 1942 because of the German occupation.
Recommended: The tour is a perfect choice for history lovers who wish to learn more about Anne Frank in an educational and entertaining way while accompanied by a professional guide.
What’s included?
· Local guide in English
· Small group bike tour
· 7-speed city bike rental for 2 hours
Additional information
Please arrive at the meeting point 15 minutes before the departure of the tour and buy your tickets online before availability.
Tour
Duration
Pricing
What’s included?
Private Bike Tour
2.5 hours of biking with some stops in the middle
1-7 persons €245 fixed price; 8 or more 35 per person
Professional guide;
Bike rental: 3-gear city bike
Electric Bike Tour
3.5 hours of biking with some stops in the middle
1-7 persons €350 fixed price; 8 or more 50 per person
Professional guide;
Bike rental: Electric bike
Foreigner Private Bike Tour
2.5 hours of biking with some stops in the middle
1-7 persons €240 fixed price; 8 or more 35 per person
Professional guide;
Bike rental: 3-gear city bike
1．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A textbook. B．An art magazine.
C．An academic article. D．A guidebook.
2．What should you do when taking part in this activity?
A．Get your tickets online in advance. B．Choose your favorite local guide.
C．Reach the meeting point on time. D．Get ready for the tent you bought.
3．How much should nine people pay if they choose Electric Bike Tour?
A．€245. B．€315. C．€350. D．€450.
We can see an ice cream store in every street, but not all of them have a mission. When Charles Foreman was laid off from his position, he decided to do something to improve the neighborhood. He then ran his store Everyday Sundae, located in a troubled area that has seen its share of crime.
What sets his business apart is the free ice cream that Foreman generously gives out. He talked about young visitors wanting a treat of ice cream they couldn’t afford. “You know when kids come in, you can notice some of the kids have it and some of the kids don’t have it.
So I’m going to sponsor them. I just want to do some positive things. I believe my community is in need of a family-friendly ice. cream shop,” Foreman said. Foreman has also organized events like storybook readings accompanied by sweet treats for local kids.
With his business slogan “A place for community”, and artworks and cards from local kids decorating the walls, Foreman’s store has quickly gained a devoted following. One day, Nicole Harkin, one of his regular customers, noticed Foreman gave a free ice cream to kids without money.
For Foreman, this was a constant gesture that had just gone unnoticed, but Harkin reacted with surprise. She came back and handed him an envelope containing 100 dollars. Foreman was so touched by Harkin’s gift that he posted it on social media. Foreman and Harkin’s kind behaviors also inspired other customers to cover Foreman’s free ice creams for people they didn’t know. Foreman’s ice cream project has received many donations since then.
“When you see people doing their best, you want to do your best. Everything is contagious, whether you do something negative or positive. That’s just part of being in the community. We’re supposed to do all we can to help each other, Foreman said. Visitors tothe shop started buying items for the people in need, which started a pay-it-forward chain.
4．Why is Foreman’s store special?
A．Its goods are intended for kids. B．It provides free goods for locals.
C．It offers kids ice cream for free. D．Its ice cream flavors are various.
5．What does Foreman want to convey in paragraph 2?
A．The sympathy for local kids. B．The inspiration for his action.
C．The advantage of an ice cream shop. D．The method of running his business.
6．Which word can best describe people’s attitude to Foreman’s store?
A．Dismissive. B．Critical. C．Negative. D．Appreciative
7．What does the underlined word “contagious” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Influential. B．Flexible. C．Unique. D．Sustainable.
Since our earliest school days, we have generally accepted the idea that some people learn faster than others. However, according to a new study, we actually learn at very similar rates given the same opportunities.
Researchers looked at 1.3 million “student interactions” across a variety of learning software tools used by 6,946 learners, ranging from late elementary students to college students. The gathered statistics covered a variety of learning tasks.
The data showed that academic performance gaps come from differences in the starting point of learning, the learning opportunity and access to such opportunity, rather than any learning rate. “This further confirms that educational technologies can provide favorable learning conditions that make it easier to learn something new, like a second language,” says Ken Koedinger, a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania.
“We have all seen cases where somebody gets to a learning outcome sooner than a peer,” says Koedinger. “But what we don’t usually track is where they started. Our results are not contradicting that people end up in different places, but accounting for the fact that where students are starting from can tell us a lot about where they will end up.”
The team suggests that our brains can take different “mental routes” to learn something, which means our learning rates aren’t too different. Given the same opportunities, we can all get to the same point in the way that best suits our experiences and knowledge.
This is useful in figuring out the best ways to pass on knowledge. Though many factors work together when it comes to learning, the researchers want to emphasize that we’re all capable of learning.
“No matter who you are, you can make it,” says scientist Paulo Carvalho from Carnegie Mellon University. “You might have had fewer prior opportunities in your life, so it may be harder at first than it is for other people. But you will make just as much progress as anyone else as long as you hold on to your learning.”
8．How did the researchers carry out their study?
A．By doing online surveys. B．By introducing a concept.
C．By collecting data on learners. D．By conducting experiments.
9．What causes academic performance gaps according to the study?
A．The learning rate. B．The learning outcome.
C．The learning task. D．The learning opportunity.
10．What are we supposed to do according to the new study?
A．Stick to our learning goals wherever we start.
B．Take different routes to learn something new.
C．Try every means to increase our learning rate.
D．Seek learning opportunities at a very young age.
11．What is the best title for the text?
A．How can you learn something faster? B．What is behind your academic success?
C．Why is the achievement gap growing? D．Where is our starting point of learning?
How you fold a paper airplane can determine how fast or how far it goes. A lot of people arrive at the best designs through trial and error, and perhaps a little bit of luck. But this question is no child’s play for the researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne.
“Seemingly a simple toy, the paper airplane actually shows complex aerodynamic (空气动力学的) behaviors which are most often ignored,” the researchers said. “When the paper airplane is launched, there are complex physical interactions between the paper structure and the surrounding air, leading to a particular flight behavior.”
To examine the relationship between a folding pattern and the flight, they developed a robotic system that can make various paper planes and then test, analyze, and model their flight behaviors. In this experiment, the robot made and launched over 500 paper airplanes with 50 different designs. Then it collected data on how far each design flew and the characteristics of that flight.
The researchers sorted different shapes roughly into three types of “behavioral groups”.
The first type follows a nosedive (俯冲) path, which means a short flight distance before landing on the ground. The second type does a glide (滑行), falling at a consistent and relatively controlled rate, and covers a longer distance than the nosedive. The third type is a recovery glide, falling steadily before leveling of and staying at a certain height above the ground.
“With the high precision and automation of the robotic system, large-scale experiments can be performed to improve design,” the researchers noted. “The robot designer can deepen our understanding and exploration of design problems, and could otherwise be challenging to observe any behavior.”
This insight can also apply to the changeable flight paths of small flying vehicles. “These models can be used to improve a real-world robotic design to identify wing shapes that fly a given distance,” the researchers said.
12．What can be inferred from the researchers’ words in Paragraph 2?
A．It is difficult to design a perfect paper airplane.
B．There is more to explore about paper airplanes.
C．The paper airplane is a popular toy for children.
D．It is likely to control paper airplanes’ behaviors.
13．What can the robotic system do?
A．Promote paper airplanes to fly much farther.
B．Leave paper airplanes high above the ground.
C．Create paper airplanes with different designs.
D．Change paper airplanes’ flight characteristics.
14．What did the researchers expect to do through the experiment?
A．Enhance the design of airplanes.
B．Prove the precision of airplanes.
C．Predict the development of airplanes.
D．Increase the automation of airplanes.
15．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Researchers test their innovative ideas on paper airplanes.
B．Researchers design a real-world robot with paper airplanes.
C．Researchers can design various wing shapes for paper airplanes.
D．Researchers create a robot to learn more about paper airplanes’ flight.
二、七选五
Reading is the pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport. 16 Reading is fun, not because the author is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author’s or even goes beyond his. 17 And your ideas develop as you understand his.
Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house. 18 Although they are separate, together they all add up to something; they are connected with each other and with other cities. Books influence each other. 19 Wherever you start reading, you connect yourself with one of the families of ideas, and in the long run, you can find out about not only the world and the people in it but also yourself in it.
20 If you concentrate on books somebody tells you ought to read, you probably won’t have fun. But if you put down a book you don’t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will certainly have a good time. If you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder or gentler, you won’t have suffered during the process.
A．Books in a library are like houses in a city.
B．Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be.
C．Reading is good for your study and personal habits.
D．Your eagerness, knowledge and quickness make you a good reader.
E．The human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literature.
F．Your experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions.
G．They link the past, the present and the future and have their own generations, like families.
三、完形填空
It was Easter Sunday, 2013, March 31. I 21 the drug store on this rainy day and saw three young people sitting together under the store’s awning (雨篷). They were dressed in rags and covered in 22 . People entering the store 23 making eye contact with them, maybe frightened by their 24 .
In the store I couldn’t help but 25 why they were there instead of with their 26 on Easter morning. So, I bought three chocolate-covered, peanut butter-filled rabbits.
When I exited, I stopped in front of them 27 the candies. “The Easter Bunny couldn’t find you today,” I told them. “I 28 to see you to give you these.”
At that moment, anything that may have appeared 29 disappeared. Their faces softened. They smiled, took the candies 30 and thanked me.
I drove home never to see them again, but 31 the way it felt making them happy with that 32 surprise. I wanted more of that and 33 to challenge myself to 34 this kindness at least once a day for the month starting the next day.
So, maybe my kindness has a bit of 35 to it, because it made me feel good as well, but I’ll accept being called selfish for these kinds of acts.
21．A．entered B．designed C．explored D．damaged
22．A．fire B．snow C．mud D．blood
23．A．practiced B．kept C．considered D．avoided
24．A．experiments B．appearances C．exchanges D．talents
25．A．wonder B．complain C．explain D．doubt
26．A．volunteers B．partners C．classmates D．families
27．A．trying out B．carrying out C．handing out D．picking out
28．A．manage B．happen C．pretend D．determine
29．A．frightening B．interesting C．exciting D．disappointing
30．A．proudly B．gradually C．illegally D．gratefully
31．A．removed B．loved C．asked D．mastered
32．A．unknown B．unexpected C．unwilling D．unreasonable
33．A．refused B．pretended C．regretted D．decided
34．A．investigate B．protect C．continue D．observe
35．A．selfishness B．darkness C．greatness D．loneliness
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An increasing number of young people in large Chinese cities are choosing to become so-called digital nomads (游牧民), 36 (hope) to achieve a better work-life balance by operating remotely.
Using smartphones and computers, digital nomads 37 (typical) have no fixed business address and often work in 38 (variety) cities and countries. They operate from coffee shops, public libraries and shared office spaces, with some even working from recreational vehicles.
Zhang Le, a former oil engineer, had long wanted to become a digital nomad after reading The 4-Hour Workweek 39 (write) by Tim Ferriss. The opportunity to change his career came in 2015, 40 Zhang launched a content creation company. He began publishing articles about digital nomads online.
Zhang’s daily work schedule is not strictly defined, but mainly involves reading, collecting and sharing information related 41 digital nomads. He also conducts field visits to digital nomad destinations, writes reports about his experiences, shares book notes, interacts with community members 42 answers related questions.
Thousands of people will become modern-day nomads, migrating from place to place, and living and working on the move, as their 43 (ancestor) did. So far, this vision 44 (become) a reality, with the digital nomad organization DNX Global estimating that by 2035, 1 billion people worldwide will have adopted such 45 lifestyle.
五、申请信
46．假定你是李华，得知你市将举办国际旅游文化节。请你写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1. 写信目的;
2. 个人优势。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One morning, Ann’s neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school. She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on the dog and she planned to find its owner. Ann agreed, but she said that she could watch it only for the day because she needed to take care of her son. At the time, her son Thomas was 10 years old, who was recovering from a heart operation.
Later, Tracy took photos of the dog, printed off 400 FOUND fliers, put them in mailboxes and began to find the dog’s owner. Meanwhile, Ann bought some pet supplies, warning her son not to fall in love with the dog. However, her son was filled with excitement as he knew that his mother got a dog back home. He planned to provide the dog with some food everyday.
Four days later, Ann and her son were still looking after the dog, whom they had started to call Riley. During the four days, they took care of the dog carefully, provided some food, took a shower and played with it, and they had already become the best friends.
The evening of the fifth day, when Ann arrived home from work, the dog threw itself against the door and barked madly at her. As soon as she opened the door, Riley dashed into the boys’ room where Ann found Thomas suffering from a heart attack. Riley ran over to Thomas, but as soon as Ann bent over to help him, the dog went silent.
The doctor said if it hadn’t come to get his mother in time, Thomas would have died. Luckily, with the doctor’s help, Thomas could go home tomorrow morning.
“Mum, can we keep it if we can’t find its owner? Even we can ask for permission if we find the owner,” Thomas asked his mother when they came back home.
“Well, since no one has called to claim it, we decide to keep it,” his mother replied. Hearing that, Thomas was excited.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, the next day, Ann was told a man named Peter recognized his lost dog.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Peter’s car came and Thomas stood silently beside his car.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了阿姆斯特朗的安妮弗兰克自行车之旅的相关事宜。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段话“If you are the athletes or adventurers who love the history of Amsterdam, Anne Frank Bike Tour is the perfect activity for you to enjoy.(如果您是热爱阿姆斯特丹历史的运动员或冒险家，安妮弗兰克自行车之旅是您享受的完美活动。)”可知，本文介绍的是安妮弗兰克自行车之旅的相关事宜，因此文章可能出自于旅游指南，故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章Additional information部分“Please arrive at the meeting point 15 minutes before the departure of the tour and buy your tickets online before availability.(请在出发前15分钟到达集合地点，并在售罄前在线购票。)”可知，此次活动需要网上提前购票。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据表格中Electric Bike Tour部分“8 or more 50 per person”（1-7人350欧元固定价格；8个或更多每人50欧元）可知，9个人的费用是450（50*9）欧元。故选D项。
4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Charles Foreman被解雇后，他决定做些事情来改善邻里关系，他在一个治安混乱的地区开了一家名为Everyday Sundae的店，为孩子们免费提供冰淇淋。他的行为得到了人们的感激和支持。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“What sets his business apart is the free ice cream that Foreman generously gives out.(让他的生意与众不同的是Foreman慷慨地免费分发冰淇淋)”可知，Foreman的店因为为孩子们免费提供冰淇淋而特别。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“What sets his business apart is the free ice cream that Foreman generously gives out. He talked about young visitors wanting a treat of ice cream they couldn’t afford. “You know when kids come in, you can notice some of the kids have it and some of the kids don’t have it.(让他的生意与众不同的是福曼慷慨地免费分发冰淇淋。他谈到年轻的游客想要一份他们买不起的冰淇淋。“你知道，当孩子们进来的时候，你可以注意到有些孩子有，有些孩子没有)”可知，Foreman在第二段想表达他行动的灵感。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Foreman and Harkin’s kind behaviors also inspired other customers to cover Foreman’s free ice creams for people they didn’t know. Foreman’s ice cream project has received many donations since then.( Foreman和Harkin的善良行为也激励了其他顾客把Foreman的免费冰淇淋送给他们不认识的人。从那以后，Foreman的冰淇淋项目收到了很多捐款)”可推知，人们对Foreman商店的态度是感激。故选D。
7．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When you see people doing their best, you want to do your best.(当你看到人们竭尽全力时，你也想做到最好)”可知，当你看到人们竭尽全力时，你也想做到最好，说明事情都是有影响力的，会互相影响。故划线词意思是“有影响力的”。故选A。
8．C 9．D 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究表明，在相同的机会下，学习者实际的学习速度非常相似，学习成绩的差距受到学习起点、学习机会和获得机会的影响，而不是学习速度。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers looked at 1.3 million “student interactions” across a variety of learning software tools used by 6,946 learners, ranging from late elementary students to college students. The gathered statistics covered a variety of learning tasks. (研究人员研究了6946名学习者使用的各种学习软件工具的130万次“学生互动”，这些学习者从小学生到大学生不等。收集到的统计数据涵盖了各种学习任务。)”可知，研究者收集了学习软件工具上学习者的数据来进行研究。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The data showed that academic performance gaps come from differences in the starting point of learning, the learning opportunity and access to such opportunity, rather than any learning rate. (数据显示，学习成绩的差距来自学习起点、学习机会和获得机会的不同，而不是学习速度。)”可知，该研究发现学习成绩的差距主要是由学习机会的不同导致的。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Paulo Carvalho所说的话“You might have had fewer prior opportunities in your life, so it may be harder at first than it is for other people. But you will make just as much progress as anyone else as long as you hold on to your learning. (在你的生活中，你之前的机会可能更少，所以一开始可能比其他人更难。但只要你坚持学习，你就会取得和别人一样大的进步。)”可知，虽然之前机会少会导致一开始学习比较难，但是坚持学习就可以取得同样的进步。因此，无论从哪里开始，我们都应该坚持我们的学习目标。故选A项。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项新的研究，该研究表明学习成绩的差距受到学习起点、学习机会和获得机会的影响，而不是学习速度，如果有相同的机会，学习者实际的学习速度非常相似。因此，文章揭示了影响学习者学习成绩的因素，B项“你学业成功的背后是什么？”概括了文章大意，最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员认为纸飞机的飞行行为非常值得研究，因此开发了一个机器人系统，制作各种纸飞机，对其飞行行为进行测试、分析和模拟，以此收集各种数据来改进设计。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段中研究人员所说的话“Seemingly a simple toy, the paper airplane actually shows complex aerodynamic (空气动力学的) behaviors which are most often ignored (纸飞机看似是一个简单的玩具，实际上却表现出复杂的空气动力学行为，而这些行为往往被忽略)”和“When the paper airplane is launched, there are complex physical interactions between the paper structure and the surrounding air, leading to a particular flight behavior. (当纸飞机发射时，纸结构与周围空气之间存在复杂的物理相互作用，导致特定的飞行行为。)”可知，纸飞机的飞行实际上非常复杂，涉及复杂的物理相互作用，但却被忽略了。由此推知，关于纸飞机还有很多值得探索的地方。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“To examine the relationship between a folding pattern and the flight, they developed a robotic system that can make various paper planes and then test, analyze, and model their flight behaviors. (为了研究折叠模式和飞行之间的关系，他们开发了一个机器人系统，可以制作各种纸飞机，然后测试、分析和模拟它们的飞行行为。)”可知，机器人系统可以制作不同设计的纸飞机。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中研究人员所说的话“With the high precision and automation of the robotic system, large-scale experiments can be performed to improve design (随着机器人系统的高精度和自动化，可以进行大规模的实验来改进设计)”可知，研究人员期待在实验中加强飞机的设计。故选A项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了研究人员认为纸飞机的飞行行为非常值得研究，因此开发了一个机器人系统，制作各种纸飞机，对其飞行行为进行测试、分析和模拟，以此收集各种数据来改进设计。因此，D项“研究人员制作了一个机器人来了解更多关于纸飞机的飞行”可概括文章大意。故选D项。
16．D 17．F 18．A 19．G 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了读书给我们带来的快乐和收获。
16．根据上文“Reading is the pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport.(阅读是心灵的愉悦，这意味着它有点像一项运动。)”以及下文“Reading is fun, not because the author is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work.(阅读的乐趣，不是因为作者在告诉你什么，而是因为它使你的思维活动起来。)”可知，阅读就像运动一样，不仅仅需要作者告诉我们什么，也需要读者的思维活跃起来，需要读者的欲望和知识。D项“Your eagerness, knowledge and quickness make you a good reader.(你的热心、知识和敏捷使你成为一个好读者。)”符合语境。故选D项。
17．根据上文“Your own imagination works along with the author’s or even goes beyond his.(你自己的想象力与作者的想象力一起发挥作用，甚至超越作者的想象力。)”以及下文“And your ideas develop as you understand his.(你的想法会随着你对他的理解而发展。)”可知，我们的想象力和作者的想象力一起发挥作用。人生经历的不同，也许会有相同的感受，也许会不同。当然也许会随着理解而不断发展。F项“Your experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions.(你的经历与他的比较，会使你得出相同或不同的结论。)”符合语境。故选F项。
18．根据上文“Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house.(每本书都是独立的，就像一户人家的房子。)”以及下文“Although they are separate, together they all add up to something; they are connected with each other and with other cities.(虽然它们是分开的，但加在一起就会产生一些东西；它们彼此相连，也与其他城市相连。)”可知，每本书就像房子一样，既独立又彼此相连。A项“Books in a library are like houses in a city.(图书馆里的书就像城市里的房子。)”符合语境。故选A项。
19．根据上文“Books influence each other.(书籍相互影响。)”以及下文“Wherever you start reading, you connect yourself with one of the families of ideas, and in the long run, you can find out about not only the world and the people in it but also yourself in it.(无论你从哪里开始阅读，你都将自己与一个思想家族联系起来，从长远来看，你不仅可以了解这个世界和其中的人们，还可以了解其中的你自己。)”可知，书彼此相互影响，它们可以将你与一个思想家族联系在一起，也可以联系过去，现在和未来。G项“They link the past, the present and the future and have their own generations, like families.(它们连接着过去、现在和未来，像家庭一样，有自己的一代。)”符合语境。故选G项。
20．根据下文“If you concentrate on books somebody tells you ought to read, you probably won’t have fun. But if you put down a book you don’t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will certainly have a good time.(如果你专注于别人告诉你应该读的书，你可能不会有乐趣。但是，如果你放下一本你不喜欢的书，尝试另一本，直到你找到一本对你有意义的书，然后放松地看它，你肯定会度过一段美好的时光。)”可知，阅读的快乐可以是你找到一本有意义的书，可以是你期望的快乐。B项“Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be.(阅读只有在你期望它有趣的时候才会有趣。)”符合语境。故选B项。
21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一个雨天遇到三个穿着破烂衣服的年轻人，他们被人们所避开。作者买了三个巧克力兔子送给他们，让他们感到开心。作者因此感到快乐，决定在接下来的一个月里每天至少做一件好事。文章主要讲述了作者的善良行为和其带来的快乐。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个下雨天，我走进药店，看到三个年轻人一起坐在商店的雨篷下。A. entered进入；B. designed设计；C. explored探索；D. damaged损坏。根据后文“saw three young people sitting together under the store’s awning”和“People entering the store”可知，作者走进药房，看到三个年轻人一起坐在商店的遮阳篷下。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们衣衫褴褛，浑身是泥。A. fire火；B. snow雪；C. mud泥；D. blood血。根据前文的“in rags”可知，这三个人衣衫褴褛并且蓬头垢面，浑身是泥。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：进入商店的人避免与他们进行眼神交流，可能是被他们的外表吓坏了。A. practiced练习；B. kept保持；C. considered考虑；D. avoided避免。根据后文的“frightened”可知，进入商店的人避免与他们进行眼神交流。故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. experiments实验；B. appearances外表；C. exchanges交流； D. talents才能。根据前文的“They were dressed in rags and covered in ___2___ .”可知，这三个人衣衫褴褛并且蓬头垢面，浑身是泥，所以进店的客人们被他们的外表吓坏了。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在商店里，我不禁想知道为什么他们在复活节的早上会在那里，而不是和家人在一起。A. wonder惊奇、想知道；B. complain抱怨；C. explain解释；D. doubt怀疑。根据后文“why they were there”可知，作者好奇他们为什么在这里。故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在商店里，我不禁想知道为什么他们在复活节的早上会在那里，而不是和家人在一起。A. volunteers志愿者；B. partners伙伴；C. classmates同学；D. families家人。根据后文“on Easter morning”可知，复活节期间，应该和家人在一起。故选D。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我离开时，我停在他们面前分发糖果。A. trying out尝试；B. carrying out执行；C. handing out分发；D. picking out挑选。根据后文“the candies”可知，作者给他们分发糖果。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我碰巧看到你要给你这些糖果。A. manage管理；B. happen发生，碰巧；C. pretend假装；D. determine决定。根据前文“The Easter Bunny couldn’t find you today”（复活节兔子今天找不到你）可知，所以作者走到三个年轻人的前面，打趣地说道，碰巧看到他们，送给他们糖果。故选B。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，任何可能看起来可怕的东西都消失了。A. frightening令人恐惧的；B. interesting有趣的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据前文讲“进店的客人们被他们的外表吓坏了”和后文“Their faces softened.”可知，任何可怕的事情消失了，因为他们的脸色变得柔和了。故选A。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们微笑着，感激地接过糖果，感谢我。A. proudly自豪地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. illegally非法地；D. gratefully感激地。根据后文的“thanked me.”可知，感激地接过糖果，感谢作者。故选D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开车回家，再也没见过他们，但我很喜欢那种让他们为这个意想不到的惊喜感到高兴的感觉。A. removed移除；B. loved爱；C. asked询问；D. mastered掌握。根据前文讲作者做了好事和后文“it felt making them happy with that ___12___ surprise.”可知，作者很喜欢那种让他们为这个意想不到的惊喜感到高兴的感觉。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unknown未知的；B. unexpected意外的，意想不到的；C. unwilling不愿意的；D. unreasonable不合理的。根据后文的“surprise”可知，当作者给他们发放糖果的时候，这对那三个人来说是意想不到的惊喜。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要更多，并决定挑战自己，从第二天开始的一个月里，每天继续至少做一次这样的善事。A. refused拒绝；B. pretended假装；C. regretted后悔；D. decided决定。根据后文“to challenge myself”可知，作者决定要挑战自己。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. investigate调查；B. protect保护；C. continue继续；D. observe观察。根据后文的“this kindness”可知，作者决定要挑战自己，从第二天开始的一个月里，每天继续至少做一次这样的善事。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，也许我的善良有一点自私，因为这也让我感觉很好，但我可以接受这种行为被称为自私。A. selfishness自私；B. darkness黑暗；C. greatness伟大的； D. loneliness 孤独。根据后文的“but I’ll accept being called selfish for these kinds of acts.”可知，帮助别人不仅能让别人感觉良好，还能让作者感觉良好，由此作者认为自己做出的这种善良行为有一点点自私。故选A。
36．hoping 37．typically 38．various/varied 39．written 40．when 41．to 42．and 43．ancestors 44．has become 45．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是越来越多的中国年轻人选择成为数字游牧民，希望通过远程工作实现更好的工作与生活平衡。同时文章介绍了数字游牧民的工作方式和生活方式，以及数字游牧民的未来发展趋势。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国大城市，越来越多的年轻人选择成为所谓的“数字游牧民”，希望通过远程操作实现更好的工作与生活平衡。分析句子，句中are为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处young people与hope之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作伴随状语。故填hoping。
37．考查副词。句意：使用智能手机和电脑的数字游牧民通常没有固定的办公地址，经常在不同的城市和国家工作。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词have。故填typically。
38．考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用variety的形容词various或者varied作定语，修饰名词cities and countries，意为“多样的”。故填various。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：张乐曾是一名石油工程师，在阅读了蒂姆·费里斯的《每周工作4小时》后，他一直想成为一名数字游牧民。句中had wanted为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处The 4-Hour Workweek与write之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填written。
40．考查定语从句。句意：2015年，他迎来了转行的机会，创办了一家内容创作公司。分析句子，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词2015。故填when。
41．考查固定短语。句意：张的日常工作安排并没有严格的规定，但主要是阅读、收集和分享与数字游牧民有关的信息。句中be related to为固定短语，意为“与……有关”。故填to。
42．考查连词。句意：他还对数字游牧民的目的地进行实地考察，撰写关于他的经历的报告，分享读书笔记，与社区成员互动，并回答相关问题。分析句子，设空处使用连词连接空前的conducts，writes, shares，interacts以及answers，此处构成并列关系。故填and。
43．考查名词。句意：成千上万的人将成为现代的游牧民族，从一个地方迁移到另一个地方，像他们的祖先一样生活和工作在移动中。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语，此处表示复数意义。故填ancestors。
44．考查动词。句意：到目前为止，这一愿景已经成为现实，数字游牧组织DNX Global估计，到2035年，全球将有10亿人采用这种生活方式。分析句子，句中so far为现在完成时时间标志，句子的主语为this vision，为第三人称单数。故填has become。
45．考查冠词。句意：同上。句中lifestyle为名词，此处表示泛指，故使用不定冠词。同时lifestyle首字母为辅音音素。故填a。
46．Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a senior two student. Hearing an international tourism and culture festival will be held in our city, I’m excited and write to you to apply to be a volunteer.
I believe I am qualified for the work, because I have a good command of spoken English, which is beneficial for introducing our city. If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around and get them to know about the culture of our city. Additionally, I’m easy-going and skilled at communicating.
Really hope to get the chance to work for you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。本市即将举办国际旅游文化节，由此要求考生写一封申请信做志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→ launch
幸运的：lucky → fortunate
此外地：additionally→ in addition
希望：hope→ expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Hearing an international tourism and culture festival will be held in our city, I’m excited and write to you to apply to be a volunteer.
拓展句：Because I hear that an international tourism and culture festival will be held in our city, I’m excited and write to you to apply to be a volunteer.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I believe I am qualified for the work, because I have a good command of spoken English, which is beneficial for introducing our city.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around and get them to know about the culture of our city. （运用了if引导条件状语从句）
47．参考范文：
However, the next day, Ann was told a man named Peter recognized his lost dog. Tracy said Peter called the number on the flier. Ann told Tracy what had happened during these days and even started crying. At the same time, Ann showed great gratitude to the dog. And Tracy told Ann that Peter would drive to her house to pick up his dog this afternoon. Later, Ann told Thomas the owner had called to claim Riley, they needed to return it to the owner. Hearing that news, Thomas put his hands over his mouth. His eyes were wide open for he couldn’t believe what had happened. However, he had to face the truth.
Peter’s car came and Thomas stood silently beside his car. Ann took Riley from her home. Seeing that, Thomas’ tears were rolling down his cheeks. Riley sat beside Thomas, sometimes ran around him and shouted: wom wom, which clearly showed that Riley didn’t want to leave his friend, Thomas. At last, Thomas asked Peter, “Can we keep Riley?” Knowing this point, Peter thought about it for a moment, and then said, “Maybe my dog was supposed to find you, maybe you should keep it.” Hearing that, Thomas ran around after Riley, obviously, they were full of joy.
【导语】本文以狗为线索，讲述了一只迷路的小狗被Ann收留并救了Ann儿子一命的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，第二天，安被告知一个名叫彼得的人认出了他丢失的狗。”可知，第一段可描述Peter看到传单上的狗并打电话询问。Ann对这只狗表达了感谢，Peter开车去接狗回家。Thomas知道这个消息后很难过，但也得面对现实。
②由第二段首句内容“彼得的车来了，托马斯静静地站在他的车旁边。”可知，第二段可描述Thomas的难过，最后Peter看到狗也不愿意离开。最终让Thomas留下了狗。
2.续写线索：认出狗——接狗回家——难过，不舍——留下狗——开心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①流下：roll down/stream down
②归还：return/give back
③充满：be full of/be filled with/be overwhelmed with
情绪类
①感激：show great gratitude to/express appreciation
②乐趣：joy/pleasure
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing that news, Thomas put his hands over his mouth.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Riley sat beside Thomas, sometimes ran around him and shouted: wom wom, which clearly showed that Riley didn’t want to leave his friend, Thomas.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
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