【备战2024年高考】英语 （全国通用版）2021-2023年新高考I卷七选五（真题透析+变式训练）试卷

这是一份【备战2024年高考】英语 （全国通用版）2021-2023年新高考I卷七选五（真题透析+变式训练）试卷，共27页。
2021-2023年新高考I卷七选五 真题透析+变式训练
第一部分
命题分析+秒选技能
第二部分
三年真题评析(真题呈现+全解全析+阅读高频词+长难句回顾)
第三部分
真题变式练
命题分析
阅读七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间，段落之间的关系，对连贯性，一致性等语段特征有较强大的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以说，七选五题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试。
近三年课标卷七选五多选用说明文体,主题语境涵盖人与自我、人与社会、人与自然;设题位置以段中为主,兼顾段首和段末,重点考查细节句,其次为过渡句和主题句。
秒选技能
（1）从意思上判断
在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，正确理解了这些句子后，根据意思的连贯性、逻辑性或者线索词从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。
（2）从词汇上锁定线索
做保持对一些线索词的敏感是非常重要的，要好好关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。
（3）从关联词作为切入点
通常，英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示过渡和衔接，让文章的思路与更清楚、逻辑更连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。例如，在看到表示并列或递进关系的关联词时，一般表示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性;而表示转折让步关系的词则往往表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立;而表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复数名词出现。以下四类为常用的关联词，请大家一定要背熟：
①并列与递进：and, or, also，neither… nor…, either…or…,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say ,as well as, the same „as, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition to ,what is more
②因果：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, for this reason, of course
③转折让步：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of, it is true that, of course, although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of
④时间顺序：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with，in the meantime, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with以及一些具体的时间。
三年真题评析
真题呈现
（2023年全国新高考I卷）
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____36____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____37____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____38____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____39____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____40____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
全解全析
【篇章解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
36. 【答案】D
【解析】根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. (为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. (你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. (宽恕自己也同样重要)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
37. 【答案】B
【解析】根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ” (在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. (你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. (现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
38. 【答案】F
【解析】根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. (不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
39. 【答案】C
【解析】根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. (这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. (他们甚至可能想试一试做练习)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. (你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. (事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
40. 【答案】G
【解析】根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. (大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. (不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. (我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
阅读高频词
1. forgiveness n.原谅
2. put v.写
3. caring adj. 关心他人的
4.fixed adj.固定的，不变的
5. take responsibility for sth. 承担某事的责任
6.beat yourself up about sth. 为某事过分自责
7.add to增添
8.shine through(某种品质)显现出来；
9.boost self-confidence 增强自信心
10.have a go at (doing) sth. 尝试(做)某事
长难句回顾
1.It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.
【句意】它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。
【解析】本句是主从复合句。用or连接的三个when引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词a time。第三个定语从句中含有after引导时间状语从句。
2. That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.
【句意】这样，你们就可以交换想法，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪耀的方面。【解析】本句是主从复合句。本句中what makes…是what引导的从句作on 的宾语，后面that shine through是that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的aspects.
（2022年全国新高考I卷）
真题呈现
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “__36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
全解全析
【篇章解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
35. 【答案】C
【解析】根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。第一个理由是“You’ll … if”的结构，根据句式一致的原则，可优先看选项C。在根据句意，C选项正是另一个理由，所以选择项C “You'll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
36. 【答案】D
【解析】根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”，根据关键信息“Or”以及“or”后面的问句，可确定空格处应该也是一个类似结构的问句，可确定答案在DE中。根据内容，空格处应该填写反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
37. 【答案】B
【解析】根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，选择的伙伴应该是同一个地区的，或者离的比较近。所以选择项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
39.【答案】E
【解析】根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”中的“notice”以及“such information”符合上下文语境。故选G。
40.【答案】A
【解析】根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，“different skills”和“both of you will benefit”暗示要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
阅读高频词
1. run 熟义:v跑步，经营； 生义:v发表;刊登
2. read 熟义:v.阅读; 生义: v. 写着:写成
高考链接 One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, " while another read: “ 36_”
【译文】其中一个原因是:"如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会真的出现，"而另一个理由写着:"36"。在本句中意为“to have sth written on it: to be written in a particular way(写着:写成)”。
3. competition n.竞争;比赛
4. weight n.重量:分量
5. board n.木板:布告板:董事会
6. session n. 会议:会期:开庭期:学期:一段时间
7. awkward adj.尴尬的:笨拙的:(设计)别扭的
8. athlete n.运动员
高考链接 （2020 新课标卷I阅读理解）Race walkers are conditioned athletes.
【译文】竞走运动员是训练有素的运动员。
长难句回顾
1. Finess Magazine recently ran an article titled"Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.
【句意】健身杂志最近刊登了一篇题为"感谢你的健身伙伴的五个理由"的文章。
【解析】run在本句中意为“发表 ，刊登”。titled…充当后置定语。
2. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age.
【句意】她的启事包括她想做什么样的训练，每周多少天，每节课想花多少小时，以及她的年龄，还列出了她喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。
【解析】本句为主从复合句。What引导宾语从句，she wanted to do 为省略关系代词that的定语从句，其后how and how均为并列的宾语从句。
（2021年新高考I卷）
真题呈现
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 ) worked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
全解全析
【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了作者夫妇两人在巴黎的居住的感受。首先，作者介绍了她住的房子；其次，说明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因；最后，说明法国人对待生活的态度，相较于工作效率他们更看重生活品质。
36. 【答案】F
【解析】上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.(我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周)”说明了背景；下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大)”是空格处的结果，因此空格处需要填原因；根据F项“Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.(我们的目标是看看我们是否在某种程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因果关系。故选F项。
37. 【答案】C
【解析】上文“The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though.(不过，这个地方并不是地道的法国住房)”是段落的中心句，说明第二段主要内容是讲解公寓的情况。下文提到了楼宇和电梯的情况。C项“There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.(有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床)”提到了厨房和床，这些都属于公寓的配置。故选C项。
38. 【答案】G
【解析】上文“... they eat great food and never gain weight.(他们吃得很好，而且从不发胖)”提及了食物。下文“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.(法国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”在说明法国的草莓很好吃。上下文结合可知，因为法国的食物质量很高，所以不用吃很多就能很满足，同时吃的少也就不会发胖了。G项“The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. (食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快乐)”符合语境要求。故选G项。
39. 【答案】E
【解析】第三段主要描述了作者夫妻去了采购了食物，买了草莓。下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18美元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是也很贵。选项E“That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.(这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因)”承接了上一段关于法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，同时引起下文，给出了法国人吃的少的另一个原因‘物价贵’。故选E项。
40. 【答案】A
【解析】根据上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法国的咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”可知，上文说明了法国人对待工作不是很积极且咖啡厅里顾客很多。下文“When do these people work?(这些人什么时候工作？)”是一个问句，说明本句属于过渡句，承接上文说明咖啡厅里的造成拥挤的客人的情况，A选项中有“customer”符合咖啡馆的情境设定，同时讲述了不是所有的客人都是游客，那么意味着大部分人都是当地人，符合下文的提问。故选A项 。
阅读高频词
1. fantastically 难以置信的，奇特的，想象中的
2. authentic 真实可靠的，地道的，正宗的
3. master 精通，掌握
4. groceries 杂货，生活用品
5. note v. 指出，表明；记下；注意，留意； n.短签，便条；笔记
6. explode 爆炸
7. handful n. 一把，少量
8. consume 消费
9. take...seriously 认真对待某事
10. tell 看出，辨别； 告诉；讲述；显示，表明
11. strike a deal 成交，达成协议；
12. contractors 合同；
13. be on call 随叫随到。
长难句回顾
1. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.
【解析】本句是主从复合句。as表示“正如，就像”，引导定语从句，并在从句中充当note的宾语。句意“正如几个星期前前有人在文章上所指出来的一样，他们吃丰盛的食物却从来不会增肥”。
2. The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
【解析】这是一个复合句。句中的so ...that...引导结果状语从句。从句中limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call为现在分词短语，后置修饰a deal，而在这个作定语的现在分词短语中，又有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰hours。句意“法国人每周认真工作35小时——是如此地认真以致于一些劳动工会近来与一些公司达成协议，要求限制独立合同中随叫随到的时间总量”。
真题变式练
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Passage 1
（2023·广东佛山·统考模拟预测）Involvement in activities outside of schoolwork makes high school a lot more interesting and fun. 1 Through extracurricular activities, you can develop important skills, such as teamwork, public speaking, creativity, leadership, and self-awareness.
The first step is to explore. 2 While you can’t do everything, try to get involved in as many clubs, teams, and activities that you find interesting. There is not a required one-size-fits-all list of activities. What matters is that you find clubs and programs that interest you!
You won’t know if you like something if you don’t try it. 3 For example, if you think you might be interested in earning a business degree, find out if your high school has a financial association. If you think you’d like a career in politics, check to see if your high school has a Model Unite Nations project.
While you want to appear “well rounded,” it is important that you don’t take on too much. 4 It can be helpful to see freshman year as the time to try a lot of things. In your sophomore year, you can begin limiting your involvement to your most important activities. This will allow you to spend more time on fewer things.
5 Develop it into a true passion and try to be an expert in it. This is what makes you unique and allows you to shine on a college application or qualify for a scholarship.
A．Bear in mind what is most important to you.
B．You may feel it hard to make choices at the very beginning.
C．Participate in various extracurricular activities with interest.
D．As you start high school, you will find you have many new opportunities.
E．Allow yourself enough time to do well in the activities you care about most.
F．These activities help you gain abilities you couldn’t learn through textbooks and tests alone
G．Keep an eye out for clubs that may specifically help you prepare for a particular college major.
【篇章导读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了高中阶段参加课外社团活动的意义，以及一些相关的建议。
1．【答案】F
【解析】根据上文“Involvement in activities outside of schoolwork makes high school a lot more interesting and fun. (参与课外活动使高中生活更加有趣和快乐)”可知，本文话题为课外活动，上文提及参与课外活动带来的好处，下文“Through extracurricular activities, you can develop important skills, such as teamwork, public speaking, creativity, leadership, and self-awareness. (通过课外活动，你可以培养重要的技能，比如团队合作、公众演讲、创造力、领导能力和自我意识。)”，下文具体列举了参与课外活动所能培养的技能，F项“These activities help you gain abilities you couldn’t learn through textbooks and tests alone (这些活动可以帮助你获得仅通过课本和考试无法学到的能力)”，其中的These activities呼应上文的activities outside of schoolwork，而下文则顺接F项中的abilities you couldn’t learn through textbooks and tests alone，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选F项。
2．【答案】D
【解析】本段首句“The first step is to explore. (第一步是探索。)”，下文“While you can’t do everything, try to get involved in as many clubs, teams, and activities that you find interesting. There is not a required one-size-fits-all list of activities. What matters is that you find clubs and programs that interest you! (虽然你不可能什么都做，但尽量多参加一些你感兴趣的社团、团队和活动。并不需要一个放之四海而皆准的活动列表。重要的是你找到了你感兴趣的社团和项目！)”可知，课外活动可以是参加感兴趣的社团，D项“As you start high school, you will find you have many new opportunities. (当你开始上高中时，你会发现你有很多新的机会。)”，句中的many new opportunities呼应首句中的explore，这个课外活动的探索在高一时就开始了，且机会多多，这个阶段可以参加多个感兴趣的社团，上下文衔接连贯，故选D项。
3．【答案】G
【解析】根据上文“You won’t know if you like something if you don’t try it. (如果你不去尝试，你就不知道你是否喜欢它。)”，下文“For example, if you think you might be interested in earning a business degree, find out if your high school has a financial association. If you think you’d like a career in politics, check to see if your high school has a Model Unite Nations project. (例如，如果你认为你可能对获得商业学位感兴趣，看看你的高中是否有金融协会。如果你想从政，看看你的高中是否有模拟联合国项目。)”可知，可以通过高中阶段的社团活动去接触一些自己可能感兴趣的，针对大学专业、未来职业的社团活动，通过尝试这些活动来确认自己是否喜欢，G项“Keep an eye out for clubs that may specifically help you prepare for a particular college major. (留意那些专门帮助你为某一大学专业做准备的社团。)”，下文通过举例的方式，对G项进行解释，参加这些社团，可以提前确认自己是否喜欢这些专业，上下文衔接连贯，故选G项。
4．【答案】E
【解析】根据上文“While you want to appear ‘well rounded,’ it is important that you don’t take on too much (虽然你想让自己看起来“全面发展”，但重要的是不要承担太多。)”可知，不要选择太多的课外社团活动，下文“It can be helpful to see freshman year as the time to try a lot of things. In your sophomore year, you can begin limiting your involvement to your most important activities. This will allow you to spend more time on fewer things. (把高一看作是尝试很多事情的时候是很有帮助的。在高二的时候，你可以开始把你的活动限制在最重要的活动上。这会让你把更多的时间花在更少的事情上。)”可知，高二开始，要关注最重要的活动，而不是把时间、精力分散在不重要的活动中，E项“Allow yourself enough time to do well in the activities you care about most. (给自己足够的时间把自己最关心的事情做好。)”可知，E项承接上文，不参与不重要的社团课外活动，才能使自己有足够的时间去做自己最关心的事，E项与下文spend more time on fewer things呼应，上下文衔接连贯，故选E项。
5．【答案】A
【解析】下文“Develop it into a true passion and try to be an expert in it. This is what makes you unique and allows you to shine on a college application or qualify for a scholarship. (把它培养成一种真正热衷的爱好，并努力成为这方面的专家。这让你与众不同，让你在大学申请中脱颖而出，或者有资格获得奖学金。)”可知，通过课外活动使自己有特长，A项“Bear in mind what is most important to you. (记住对你来说最重要的是什么。)”，下文的it即指代A项中的what is most important to you，时刻记住自己在课外活动中需要获得什么技能，并把它培养成为自己的爱好，可以增加自己在大学申请时的优势，上下文衔接连贯。故选A项。
Passage 2
（2023·湖南长沙·长沙市明德中学校考二模）China has a long history of farming and a tradition of intensive cultivation. It has succeeded in producing one-fourth of the world’s grain and feeding one-fifth of the world’s population with less than 10% of the world’s arable (可适于耕作的) land. 1 Currently, China ranks first in the world in terms of the production of cereals, cotton, fruits, vegetables, meat, poultry, eggs and fish.
China is taking various measures to develop its agricultural industry. 2 By increasing the utilization (利用) efficiency of fertilizers and pesticides, agricultural waste treatment and agricultural plastic film recycling, China hopes to see more successful harvests while also preserving the land that supports their sustainable agricultural industry.
3 Agriculture has always been a driver of innovation in China with the purpose of achieving a self-sufficient food supply. To create several agricultural silicon valleys and improve the regional economy, China has established several national-level agricultural technology innovation centers promoting modern agriculture in Nanjing, Taigu, Chengdu, Guangzhou, and Wuhan.
Private business has also started promoting agricultural innovation and AgriTech solutions together with local governments to advance agricultural digitalization in China. Previously, Alibaba launched a program called ET Agricultural Brain. 4 Alibaba’s product helps to share information about new technologies and methods that have helped produce a high yield. 5 This platform customizes an exclusive ID Card for each agriculture commodity, allowing that the whole process of the products is traceable. Moreover, agricultural technologies like tractors, irrigation technology and more are still imported to keep up with China’s quickly modernizing industry.
A．Moreover, China keeps encouraging technological innovation.
B．For example, the focus on green initiatives (倡议) continues nationally.
C．That is, it’s important to note the restrictions on foreign investment.
D．It uses big data to help farmers plan their planting methods effectively.
E．The future of China’s agriculture sector lies in agricultural modernization.
F．This is a great achievement in the pursuit of food in China itself and even globally.
G．Tencent Security has also released a new strategic product Tencent Security Platform.
【篇章导读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了近年来中国农业的发展。
1．【答案】F
【解析】根据上文“China has a long history of farming and a tradition of intensive cultivation. It has succeeded in producing one-fourth of the world’s grain and feeding one-fifth of the world’s population with less than 10% of the world’s arable (可适于耕作的) land.(中国有着悠久的农业历史和精耕细作的传统。中国用不到世界10%的可耕地，生产了世界四分之一的粮食，养活了世界五分之一的人口)”可知，中国成功地用不到世界10%的可耕地生产了世界四分之一的粮食，养活了世界五分之一的人口。这是中国乃至全球对粮食追求的一项伟大成就。故F选项“这是中国乃至全球追求美食的伟大成就”符合语境，故选F。
2．【答案】B根据下文“By increasing the utilization (利用) efficiency of fertilizers and pesticides, agricultural waste treatment and agricultural plastic film recycling, China hopes to see more successful harvests while also preserving the land that supports their sustainable agricultural industry.(通过提高化肥和农药的利用率、农业废弃物的处理和农用塑料薄膜的回收利用，中国希望看到更大的丰收，同时也保护支持其可持续农业产业的土地)”可知，本段讲的是中国正在采取各种措施发展农业，例如，通过提高化肥和农药的利用效率、农业废弃物处理和农用塑料薄膜的回收利用。这些都属于可持续发展的绿色倡议，B选项“例如，对绿色倡议的关注在全国范围内继续进行”符合语境，故选B。
3．【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“Agriculture has always been a driver of innovation in China with the purpose of achieving a self-sufficient food supply. To create several agricultural silicon valleys and improve the regional economy, China has established several national-level agricultural technology innovation centers promoting modern agriculture in Nanjing, Taigu, Chengdu, Guangzhou, and Wuhan.(农业一直是中国创新的动力，旨在实现粮食自给自足。中国在南京、太谷、成都、广州、武汉等地建立了多个国家级农业科技创新中心，推动现代农业发展，打造农业硅谷，提升区域经济水平)”可知，本段讲的是，中国不断鼓励农业方面的技术创新。例如，为了打造几个农业硅谷，提升区域经济，中国在南京、太谷、成都、广州和武汉建立了几个国家级农业技术创新中心，推动了现代农业的发展。故A选项“此外，中国一直鼓励技术创新”符合语境，故选A。
4．【答案】D
【解析】根据上文“Previously, Alibaba launched a program called ET Agricultural Brain.(此前，阿里巴巴推出了一个名为ET农业大脑的项目)”可知，空前句子提到此前阿里巴巴推出了一个名为“ET农业大脑”的项目，故D选项“它利用大数据帮助农民有效地规划他们的种植方法”是对这一项目的简要说明。故选D。
5．【答案】G
【解析】根据后文“This platform customizes an exclusive ID Card for each agriculture commodity, allowing that the whole process of the products is traceable. Moreover, agricultural technologies like tractors, irrigation technology and more are still imported to keep up with China’s quickly modernizing industry.(该平台为每一种农产品定制专属ID卡，实现产品全程可追溯。此外，拖拉机、灌溉技术等农业技术仍在进口，以跟上中国快速现代化的工业)”可知，本句主要说明了后文提到的平台情况。G选项“腾讯安全还发布了新的战略产品腾讯安全平台”符合语境，故选G。
Passage 3
2023年湖南省长沙市长郡中学高三高考考前保温卷英语试题(一)
Pets should not be left alone for too long during the day. But our busy lifestyles will sometimes tear us away. ____1____ Here are some tips to keep your pets content.
Cats don’t simply curl up and sleep when you leave. ____2____ If they have a friend or sibling they will create games and comfort one another but if they are alone they will need more stimuli(刺激物). Leaving the TV or radio on can help, and while you work out their favorite channel, you can’ t go far wrong with classical music.
____3____ They will keep your cat physically and mentally busy, which will lessen the separation anxiety. Some of the toys are also practical for your home, such as scratching posts to prevent the furniture from being scratched.
It’s not just cats that suffer from separation anxiety. Dogs also dislike being left alone and unfortunately they can’ t tell whether it’ s been ten minutes or ten hours：the displeasure felt is very similar.
____4____ Background noise from the TV or radio can help them to feel less alone. There is even a dog TV channel designed to create happy and calm thoughts in dogs, showing idyllic scenes of fields, beaches and other dogs.
You can also gradually lengthen the distance and time of your separation until your dogs can be left alone for 20 minutes without showing their usual symptoms of sadness and stress. ____5____
A. A number of cat toys are also helpful.
B. Schedule daily play sessions with your cats.
C. But you can help ease the negative feeling at least.
D. That creates a lot of guilt and worry for their well-being.
E. In this way，they can disassociate your absence with negativity.
F. They need stimulation for the period when they will be left alone.

【篇章导读】本文从养宠物的主人角度出发, 提供了一些切实可行的保持宠物幸福感的小方法。
1. 【答案】D
【解析】考查承上启下。选项中的That 指代的是上文中的“our busy lifestyles will sometimes tear us away. ”; “their”指代的是“pets”. 意为：我们忙碌的生活方式有时会让我们没时间照顾宠物, 这样会让我们内疚, 且担忧宠物的幸福感。因此以下提供了一些保持宠物幸福感的小方法。
2. 【答案】F
【解析】选项为段落主题句, 关键词为stimulation。前文Cats don’ t simply curl up and sleep when you leave. 描述了当主人不在家时, 动物的一种不好的状态、所以下文需要一个主题句总领本段的tip。F. They need stimulation for the period when they will be left alone. 中的stimulation 意思为“刺激”。下文中…but if they are alone they will need more stimuli(刺激物)正好呼应。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】选项A number of cat toys are also helpful为段落主题句。下文的they 指代的是toys。Some of the toys are also practical …也有原文复现。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】选项承上启下, But you can help ease the negative feeling at least. 与上文构成转折关系, 其中negative feelings 指代上文中的消极情绪 “It’ s not just cats that suffer from separation anxiety. Dogs also dislike being left alone and unfortunately they can’ t tell whether it’ s been ten minutes or ten hours：the displeasure felt is very similar. ”一直在描述猫与狗会遇到的不快的境况。下文Background noise from the TV or radio can help them to feel less alone. 讲述了具体排解消极情绪的办法, 例如电视或者电台。
5.【答案】E
【解析】选项为段落总结句, In this way 指代的是上一句提到的方法。You can also gradually lengthen the distance and time of your separation until your dogs can be left alone for 20 minutes without showing their usual symptoms of sadness and stress. 意为慢慢地, 逐渐地拉长你和狗狗的分离距离和时间, 直到你的狗狗适应。E. In this way, they can disassociate your absence with negativity. 采取这种方式, they(dogs)就能使你的缺席与消极情绪分离。
Passage 4
（2023·广东东莞·校联考模拟预测）How to prepare for a thrilling hike? Hiking needs mental and physical preparation weeks before the material day. If you’re a fan of hiking mountains. Here is a guide to help you.
Train hard and train in time
You need to train your body at least three months before the challenge. 1 You can start with baby steps and gradually take more demanding exercises and distance. You can often carry your hiking stick to promote stability. Keep track of your progress to help you achieve your goal.
Choose your clothes carefully
2 . Wear light absorbent pants to reduce friction and promote absorption of sweat. Long pants keep you safe from stinging weeds, insects and tough weather.
3
You must consider various factors before purchasing the most appropriate hiking shoes. First, mind the terrain (地形) of the hiking ground. A mild terrain will do fine with light shoes. On the other hand. A tough, hard and mountainous terrain require hardy hots to help navigate the rocky grounds.
Adequately pack your bag
Your bag is your lifeline when hiking. Water is the most essential itch when hiking. The body performs best when you hydrate frequently throughout the challenge. Carry adequate clean water and sip often. 4 These are primary tools to help you find your way, water points, emergency towers, and other places. Hope for the lest but always prepare for ever-agencies. Thus, ensure you have a flash light, a lighter and a whistle.
Hiking is a refreshing way of keeping fit, having fun and building resilience. 5
A．Choose appropriate footwear
B．Search for the route you will he hiking
C．Carry a compass, a map and a gas with you
D．Adequate water can help you be in good con lit ion
E．create a regular schedule and be disciplined to follow it
F．Wear appropriate clothes that allow your free movement
G．Adequate planning will help have a fantastic experience of it
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们如何为惊险的徒步旅行做准备。
1．【答案】E
【解析】根据上文“You need to train your body at least three months before the challenge. (在挑战开始前，你至少需要提前三个月训练你的身体。) ”和下文“You can start with baby steps and gradually take more demanding exercises and distance. (你可以从小步开始，逐渐进行更多的练习并增加距离。) ”可推测设空处应该是制定训练计划，然后按时训练，E项“制订一个有规律的时间表，并严格遵守。”符合语境。故选E。
2．【答案】F
【解析】根据本段标题“Choose your clothes carefully (仔细选择你的衣服) ”和下文“Wear light absorbent pants to reduce friction and promote absorption of sweat. (穿轻薄的裤子可以减少摩擦，促进汗水的吸收)”可知本段主要讲要穿适合的衣服，F项“穿合适的，能让你自由活动的衣服。”符合语境。故选F。
3．【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“You must consider various factors before purchasing the most appropriate hiking shoes. (在购买最合适的登山鞋之前，你必须考虑各种因素。)” 可知本段是关于如何选择鞋子的，所以A项“选择合适的鞋”是本段的主题。故选A。
4．【答案】C
【解析】根据下文“These are primary tools to help you find your way, water points, emergency towers, and other places. (这些都是帮助你找到方向、供水点、应急塔和其他地方的主要工具。)”可知，设空处应是要携带的工具，C项“随身携带指南针、地图和GPS。”符合语境。故选C。
5．【答案】G
【解析】根据上文“Hiking is a refreshing way of keeping fit, having fun and building resilience. (徒步旅行是一种可以让人保持健康、享受乐趣和增强复原力的方式。) ”可知后文是对前面进行总结，所以只有计划好，才会有一个美好的徒步旅行体验，G项“充分的计划将有助于获得美妙的户外体验。”符合语境。故选G。
Passage 5
（2023浙江北斗星联盟高三联考）
Your moral compass, conscience, and ethics may all sound like the same set of values, but your moral compass can sometimes steer you away from rigid societal laws. Thus, when you’re faced with a decision, how you react is often driven by personal values you’ve acquired. 1 .
What is your moral compass?
Morality is what defines whether an action is perceived as good or bad. Morals guide your individual behavior within a society, which aren’t fixed. 2 . Your moral compass provides guidance in making ethical decisions, while your conscience serves as an internal alarm system to alert you when you have violated our moral code. As for ethics, they tend to be the cultural and societal standards that outline how “everyone” is expected to behave.
3
According to modern psychologists, moral development is a part of three phases in childhood.
l Pre-conventional phase: Behaviors are driven by punishment avoidance and rewards.
l Conventional phase: Laws and rules of society are considered to gain others’ approval.
l Post-Conventional phase: Moral decisions are made from the perspective of individual rights.
How to find your moral compass?
It’s not always easy to know right from wrong, but you can try the following methods. Your moral compass is made up of your beliefs, so it may be helpful to actively review them. 4 . You may also find it helpful to speak with people who can engage in open discussions about their moral positions.
5 . It is what guides your behavior in times when societal rules regarding human rights and conduct conflict with your beliefs. Just hold it firmly and properly.
A. How does your moral compass develop?
B. Your moral compass is your personal guide.
C. What are the modern concepts of moral compass?
D. Not everyone would reach the final level in their lifetime.
E. Another way is by learning about the societies around you.
F. They may change as you face new experiences and gain life lessons.
G. Some of these values, which affect your judgement, make up your moral compass.
【篇章导读】本文主要介绍了道德准则是什么，自身的道德准则是如何发展的，以及如何找到道德准则。
1. 【答案】G
【解析】根据上文提到了“be driven by personal values you’ve acquired”，G项中“Some of these values”与之相呼应。介绍了道德准则是如果产生的。
2. 【答案】F
【解析】上文“which aren’t fixed”说明道德准则不是固定的，推断下一句应该写道德准则会在什么情况下发生改变，F项符合。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“   moral development is a part of three phases in childhood” 以及下文对“Pre-conventional phase、Conventional phase、Post-Conventional phase”的介绍，可知该段主要介绍了道德观发展的三个阶段，故A项“How does your moral compass develop? ”符合题意。
4. 【答案】E
【解析】根据上文“you can try the following methods”可知这里作者在介绍方法，该空上句提到了“ it may be helpful to actively review them”这是一种方法，由此可知该空介绍另一种方法。选项E中“Another way is ”符合语境。故选E。
5. 【答案】B
【解析】根据下文“It is what guides your behavior in times when societal rules regarding human rights and conduct conflict with your beliefs”可知在某些情况下道德准则会指导你的行为。该句的guide与B选项中personal guide相呼应。故选B。
Passage 6
（2023·河南·校联考模拟预测）
How to Make a Difference in Your Career
Making a meaningful career choice is a crucial decision in life. 1 , such as being a doctor, teacher or charity worker. However, you don’t have to limit yourself to just those choices. To have a lasting and meaningful impact, it’s important to consider the problem you expect to overcome.
Define what’s personally satisfying
2 . To ensure success, remember that your career is a marathon and not a short running. Most people reach peak productivity between the ages of 40 and 60, so it’s important to choose something that you can stick with for the long term. When looking for meaningful work, consider what is satisfied with you.
Define your career impact
To maximize your career’s impact, consider the importance of the problem you are addressing, how effective your job is at dealing with it, and your personal fit. Your personal fit depends on your abilities and career capital-skills, connections, and reputation, 3 , and you can ensure that you have a long term improvement in the lives of others.
4
Before thinking about specific career paths, it’s valuable to consider what kinds of careers tend to have the highest impact. Remember many career categories can enable you to make a big contribution to whichever global problems you think are most pressing.
Have a plan B and a plan Z
List promising alternatives you can switch to if your plan A doesn’t work out. If you’re ambitious enough, your plan A probably has a good chance of not working out. 5 To avoid unacceptable risks, write a plan Z — how you’ll get back on your feet if things go wrong.
A．So you should be ready to try again
B．Take all these factors into consideration
C．Explore the key categories of meaningful careers
D．Have a better understanding of the career categories
E．Finding work that is personally satisfying can be a challenge
F．People who show their interest in challenge get satisfying careers
G．There are many paths that you can take to contribute positively to the world
【篇章导读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何选择自己一生的职业并且如何在职业中做得出色。
1．【答案】G
【解析】空格处承上启下。上文“Making a meaningful career choice is a crucial decision in life.(做出一个有意义的职业选择是人生中至关重要的决定)”说明的是职业选择的重要性。下文“such as being a doctor, teacher or charity worker(比如成为一名医生、教师或慈善工作者)”说明的是选择哪些职业。由此可知，G项“有很多途径可以让你对世界做出积极的贡献。”承接上文，引出下文，符合文意。故选G。
2．【答案】E
【解析】空格处引出下文。根据下文“ To ensure success, remember that your career is a marathon and not a short running.(为了确保成功，请记住你的职业生涯是一场马拉松，而不是短跑)”可知，E项“找到个人满意的工作可能是一个挑战。”能够引起下文，说明了找到满意的工作具有挑战性，职业生涯是一场马拉松，符合文意。故选E。
3．【答案】B
【解析】空格处承上启下。上文“Your personal fit depends on your abilities and career capital-skills, connections, and reputation.(你的个人适合度取决于你的能力和职业资本技能、人脉和声誉)”说明影响适合度的因素。由此可知，B项“把所有这些因素都考虑进去。”承接上文，并引出下文；这些因素指的是“能力、职业基本技能、人脉和声誉”。故选B。
4．【答案】C
【解析】设空处为本段主旨句。下文“Before thinking about specific career paths, it’s valuable to consider what kinds of careers tend to have the highest impact.(在考虑具体的职业道路之前，考虑一下什么样的职业最有影响力是很有价值的)”说明的是“寻找最有影响力的职业”。由此可知，C项“探索有意义的职业的关键类别”起着总结本段作用，引出下文，说明的是探索有意义的职业，C项中的“explore”与下文中的“consider”相呼应。故选C。
5．【答案】A
【解析】空格处承上启下。上文“If you’re ambitious enough, your plan A probably has a good chance of not working out.(如果你有足够的野心，你的A计划很可能不会成功)”说明的是“如果野心太大，A计划就不会成功”；下文“To avoid unacceptable risks, write a plan Z — how you’ll get back on your feet if things go wrong.(为了避免不可接受的风险，写一份Z计划——如果出现问题，你将如何重新站起来)”说明的是A计划不成功怎么做。由此可知，A项“所以你应该准备好再试一次”承接上文不成功怎么办，引出下文再写一份计划。故选A。
Passage 7
（2023·北京昌平·统考二模）Communion is a very difficult art. To commune with one another over many problems that we have requires listening and learning, which are both very difficult to do. 1 To commune with each other, we require a certain capacity, a certain way of listening-not merely to gather information, which any schoolboy can do, but rather listening in order to understand.
2 Learning is not merely the accumulation (积累) of knowledge. Knowledge never changes the way you think; experience never flowers into the beauty of understanding. Most of us listen with the background of what we know and we have experienced. Perhaps you have never noticed the difference between the mind that really learns and the mind that merely gathers knowledge.
3 It is always translating what it hears in terms of its own experience or in terms of the knowledge which it has gathered. It is caught up in the process of accumulating and adding to what it already knows, and such a mind is incapable of learning. I do not know if you have noticed this. So it seems to me very important that we commune with each other quietly, in a dignified manner, and for that there must be a listening and a learning.
When you commune with your own heart, when you commune with your friend, when you commune with the skies, with the stars, with the sunset, with a flower, then surely you are listening so as to learn. It does not mean that you accept or deny. 4 When you commune with the sunset, with a friend, with your wife or with your child, you do not criticize, you do not deny or support, translate or identify. You are communing. You are learning. You are searching out. 5
I think it is important to understand that a man who accumulates can never learn. Self-learning implies a fresh and eager mind-a mind that is not committed, that does not belong to anything and that is not limited to any particular field. It is only such a mind that learns.
A．Most of us hardly listen, and we hardly learn.
B．Here is a personal story that illustrates this difference.
C．The mind that is accumulating knowledge never learns.
D．How can we make the shift from accumulating to learning?
E．It seems to me of the utmost importance that we do listen in order to learn.
F．From this inquiry comes the movement of learning, which is never accumulative.
G．You are learning and either acceptance or denial of what is being said puts an end to learning.
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了交流是一门非常困难的艺术，为了相互交流，我们需要一定的能力，一定的倾听方式——不仅仅是为了收集信息，就像任何一个小学生都会做的那样，而是为了理解而倾听。
1．【答案】A
【解析】根据上文“To commune with one another over many problems that we have requires listening and learning, which are both very difficult to do.(就我们所面临的许多问题彼此交流需要倾听和学习，而这两者都很难做到)”以及后文“To commune with each other, we require a certain capacity, a certain way of listening-not merely to gather information, which any schoolboy can do, but rather listening in order to understand.(为了相互交流，我们需要一定的能力，一种特定的倾听方式——不仅仅是为了收集信息，就像任何小学生都能做的那样，而是为了理解而倾听)”可知，上文提到了面临的问题，可知本句是在说明人们如何应对这样的问题的：大多数人几乎不听，也几乎不学。故A选项“我们大多数人几乎不听，也几乎不学”符合语境，故选A。
2．【答案】E
【解析】根据后文“Learning is not merely the accumulation (积累) of knowledge. Knowledge never changes the way you think; experience never flowers into the beauty of understanding. Most of us listen with the background of what we know and we have experienced. Perhaps you have never noticed the difference between the mind that really learns and the mind that merely gathers knowledge.(学习不仅仅是知识的积累。知识永远不会改变你的思维方式;经验决不会开出理解之美。我们大多数人倾听的背景是我们所知道的和我们所经历的。也许你从来没有注意到真正学习的头脑和仅仅收集知识的头脑之间的区别)”可知，本段主要强调了倾听的作用，故E选项“在我看来，为了学习，倾听是最重要的”符合语境，故选E。
3．【答案】C
【解析】根据后文“It is always translating what it hears in terms of its own experience or in terms of the knowledge which it has gathered. It is caught up in the process of accumulating and adding to what it already knows, and such a mind is incapable of learning. I do not know if you have noticed this. So it seems to me very important that we commune with each other quietly, in a dignified manner, and for that there must be a listening and a learning.(它总是根据自己的经验或收集到的知识来翻译它所听到的东西。它陷入了积累和增加它已经知道的东西的过程中，这样的头脑是无法学习的。我不知道你是否注意到了这一点。因此，在我看来，我们以一种有尊严的方式安静地彼此交流是非常重要的，为此，必须有一种倾听和学习)”可知，本段主要说明了积累导致头脑无法学习，强调彼此交流的重要性，故C选项“不断积累知识的头脑永远学不会东西”符合语境，故选C。
4．【答案】G
【解析】根据上文“When you commune with your own heart, when you commune with your friend, when you commune with the skies, with the stars, with the sunset, with a flower, then surely you are listening so as to learn. It does not mean that you accept or deny.(当你与自己的心交流时，当你与你的朋友交流时，当你与天空、星星、日落、一朵花交流时，那么你当然是在倾听，以便学习。这并不意味着你接受或拒绝)”可知，本句总结上文与心和朋友交流的意义以及接受或拒绝的影响：你正在学习，接受或否认别人所说的话都会结束学习，故G选项“你正在学习，接受或否认别人所说的话都会结束学习”符合语境，G选项“acceptance or denial”是提示，与上文“accept or deny”呼应，故选G。
5．【答案】F
【解析】根据上文“When you commune with the sunset, with a friend, with your wife or with your child, you do not criticize, you do not deny or support, translate or identify. You are communing. You are learning. You are searching out.(当你与日落、与朋友、与妻子或孩子交流时，你不批评、不否认、不支持、不翻译或认同。你在交流。你在学习。你在寻找)”可知，上文列举了种种交流的方式，本句为本段最后一句，应总结上文：从这种探索中产生了学习的运动，这永远不会累积。故F选项“从这种探索中产生了学习的运动，而学习永远不会累积”符合语境，故选F。
Passage 8
（2023·辽宁沈阳·沈阳二中校考模拟预测）The average cost of an iPhone has climbed up, and even the most affordable Android devices come with arising price. 1 It is wise to pay close attention to the best practices for extending the life of your smartphone. Fortunately, there are several ways to do this.
Remove unnecessary apps and photos.
When the storage and capabilities (能力) of the smartphone are being maxed out, the phone will become much less responsive. 2 To avoid this unnecessary expense, make sure that you regularly remove any apps, photos, documents or text messages that you do not actually need.
3
Put your phone on the charger (充电器) when it reaches a battery life of 75 percent. Waiting until the battery life drops to 25 percent will dramatically reduce its ability to receive and hold a change. Using up your battery and then charging it back to 100 percent is a bad idea. Your phone will last a lot longer if you charge it for a few minutes off and on throughout the day.
Don’t exercise carrying your smartphone with you.
Some phone users have experienced water damage issues as a result of sweating while their phone was in their pocket or fastened to their arm. This problem becomes worsened by the unwillingness of the phone company to cover even minimal water damage under their guarantee program. 4
Take advantage of cloud storage.
5 This will minimize the risk of data loss if something does go wrong. Take advantage of any free cloud storage that comes with your smartphone and perform backups on a regular basis to receive the best results.
A．Power down regularly.
B．Keep the battery in good condition.
C．But it may not be in your best interests to use them.
D．It often convinces people to upgrade before they truly need to.
E．It helps your phone never become overloaded with too much data.
F．So it does not make sense to take the risk of harming it with sweat.
G．Are you wasting your money by replacing your mobile phone annually?
【篇章导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些保养维护手机的方法。
1．【答案】G
【解析】根据上文“The average cost of an iPhone has climbed up, and even the most affordable Android devices come with arising price.( iPhone的平均价格已经攀升，即使是最实惠的Android设备也在涨价)”以及后文“It is wise to pay close attention to the best practices for extending the life of your smartphone. Fortunately, there are several ways to do this.(密切关注延长智能手机寿命的最佳做法是明智的。幸运的是，有几种方法可以做到这一点)”可知，本句主要是关于更换手机是否划算的问题。故G选项“你每年更换手机是在浪费钱吗？”符合语境。故选G。
2．【答案】D
【解析】根据上文“When the storage and capabilities (能力) of the smartphone are being maxed out, the phone will become much less responsive.(当智能手机的存储空间和功能达到极限时，手机的响应速度就会大大降低)”以及后文“To avoid this unnecessary expense, make sure that you regularly remove any apps, photos, documents or text messages that you do not actually need.(为了避免这些不必要的花费，确保你定期删除所有你实际上不需要的应用程序、照片、文档或短信)”可知，上文提到“存储空间和功能达到极限时，手机的响应速度就会大大降低”，即内存会影响人们的使用，让人们换手机，故D选项“它常常在真正需要升级之前就说服了人们”符合语境。故选D。
3．【答案】B
【解析】根据本段内容“Put your phone on the charger (充电器) when it reaches a battery life of 75 percent. Waiting until the battery life drops to 25 percent will dramatically reduce its ability to receive and hold a change. Using up your battery and then charging it back to 100 percent is a bad idea. Your phone will last a lot longer if you charge it for a few minutes off and on throughout the day.(当你的手机电池续航时间达到75%时，把它放在充电器上。等到电池寿命下降到25%时，它接收和储存电量的能力就会大大降低。把电池用完再充电是一个坏主意。如果你每天充电几分钟，你的手机续航时间会更长)”可知，本段主要关于如何维护和保养电池，故B选项“保持电池良好状态”符合语境。故选B。
4．【答案】F
【解析】根据上文“Some phone users have experienced water damage issues as a result of sweating while their phone was in their pocket or fastened to their arm. This problem becomes worsened by the unwillingness of the phone company to cover even minimal water damage under their guarantee program.(一些手机用户在把手机放在口袋里或系在手臂上时出汗会导致手机进水。由于电话公司不愿意在他们的保证计划中赔偿哪怕是最小的水损害，这个问题变得更加严重)”可知，本段主要是关于出汗会导致手机进水的问题，本句为本段最后一句，说明这么做没有意义。故F选项“所以冒着出汗伤害它的风险是没有意义的”符合语境。故选F。
5．【答案】E
【解析】根据后文“This will minimize the risk of data loss if something does go wrong. Take advantage of any free cloud storage that comes with your smartphone and perform backups on a regular basis to receive the best results.(如果出现问题，这将使数据丢失的风险降到最低。充分利用智能手机附带的任何免费云存储，定期执行备份，以获得最佳效果)”可知，本段主要说明了云存储的作用，E选项it指代cloud storage。故E选项“它可以帮助你的手机永远不会因为太多的数据而过载”符合语境。故选E。