【备战2024年高考】英语 （全国通用版）2023年全国甲卷完形填空（真题透析+变式训练）试卷

这是一份【备战2024年高考】英语 （全国通用版）2023年全国甲卷完形填空（真题透析+变式训练）试卷，共26页。试卷主要包含了背景常识， 词语复现， 词语同现， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年全国甲卷完形填空 真题透析+变式训练
第一部分
命题分析+秒选技能
第二部分
真题评析(真题呈现+全解全析+阅读高频词+长难句回顾)
第三部分
真题变式练
命题分析
完形填空选材特点：完形填空的体裁主要以记叙文为主，主题语境包括人与自我、人与社会及人与自然，选材都是积极向上、充满正能量的文章，在思想上和行动上树立了积极的榜样，并且注重五育并举，尤其关注体育、美育和劳动教育
设题特点：完形填空设空考查点分为三个层次，即：
(1)句内层次题：空格的答案由空格所在句子决定
(2)句组层次题：空格的答案由与空格相距不远的一组句子决定
(3)语篇层次题：空格的答案由整篇文章的内涵决定
练好基本功：多读、多记，加大输入量，强化词汇和词块的积累，及其在有关主题的灵活运用。以语篇为载体，形成语篇意识，从量变到质变
培养“两”感：多想、多悟，培养良好的词(块)感和语篇感
做题策略：读的时候头脑清醒，遇易则稳，遇难可绕，学会暂时放弃，眼光放远一点，便会有柳暗花明之时，找到做题的线索
核心素养：结合三大主题语境，多阅读弘扬正能量的语篇，多积累有关英语国家的社会文化、风土人情、人文史实等，来提高语篇梳理能力
秒选技能
1.背景常识
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
2. 词语复现（原词复现/同/近义词复现/同源词复现/上下义复现）
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。
3. 词语同现
同现原则即相关联信息在文章中的呼应。同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时或连续出现在同一语篇中。
名词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个名词。如：school——primary school——middle school——college——university；students——pupils——graduates——postgraduates。
动词同现：与一个话题或一个动词出现在同一个语境的另一个动词。如：school——teach——learn——attend——find——drop out——graduate——be dismissed。
结构同现：结构同现指一些短语成对或依次出现在文章中。如：some…；others…；on the one hand…，on the other hand…；former…；latter；so…that…；not only…but also…；hardly/scarcely…when…；no sooner…than…；be about to do/be doing/had done/be on the point of doing/be to do/be ready to do/be on the way…when…等。
4逻辑关系（因果、转折、对比、递进、让步）
★解题方略
逻辑关系是指转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、并列关系、总结关系等，与语法密切相关。
逻辑关系一般隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。利用逻辑关系，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而选出正确选项。
完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文给出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索就是上下文乃至全文的逻辑关系。这些逻辑关系主要有：并列与递进关系（and、while、also、in addition、moreover、likewise、similarly、what’s more等）、转折关系（but、however、whereas、nevertheless、on the contrary、instead of等）、顺序关系（before、after、then、finally等）、让步关系（although/though、despite、even if/though等）、因果关系（so、thus、for、therefore、due to、as a result等）、解释关系（i.e.、that is to day、in other words等）、条件关系（if、unless、provided that、in case of等）、肯定与否定关系（certainly、never等）。这些逻辑关系往往隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落与段落的衔接中，并常常借助于连词、副词或介词短语等表达逻辑衔接手段的词来实现。因此，通过分析完形填空短文中的逻辑关系，我们可以找出确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测初恋，从而在选项中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的答案。
5习惯搭配
固定搭配包括固定词组搭配和语法题两种， 随着“突出语篇”的命题原则， 这类题目越来越少。
真题呈现
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2023年全国甲卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we ___41___ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike __42___ its way down the hill toward us. It was ___43___ called Mario, coming to ___44___ us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice ___45___ for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were __46___ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, __47___ things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any ___48___, we thought. But we were ___49___ his kindness, so we ___50___ them.
What we discovered is that it’s ___51___ to judge what you eat only by its ___52___. Those tomatoes had ___53___ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes ___54___ perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a ___55___ memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can ___56___ them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was ___57___.
It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ___58___, and as close as possible to where they were ___59___. What Mario had ___60___ us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
41. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed
42. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling
43. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger
44. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show
45. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture
46. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored
47. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun
48. A. more B. good C. new D. easy
49. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in
50. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed
51. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual
52. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price
53. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste
54. A. smell B. look C. become D. work
55. A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague
56. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack
57. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar
58. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need
59. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown
60. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told
全解全析
【篇章解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是自己种的西红柿和酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表，和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。
41．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。根据前文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。
42．【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。根据后文“coming to 　　　44　　　 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以make one’s way复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。
43．【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。根据前文“we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 　　42　　 its way down the hill toward us.”以及最后一句“What Mario had 　　60　　　us was the taste of the Garfagnana”可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是作者的邻居。故选B项。
44．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend借出；B. send发送；C. bring带来；D. show展示。根据后文“It was a very nice 　　　45　　　 for him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。
45．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是太好了。A. choice选择；B. comment议论；C. promise诺言；D. gesture姿态。根据前文“coming to 　　　44　　　 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以是好的姿态。故选D项。
46．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的样子。A. worried担心的；B. moved感动的；C. thrilled兴奋的；D. bored感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were so misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。
47．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的样子。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round”可知，空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和前文的“nice, round”并列，结合选项，应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。
48．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。根据前文“But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 　　46　　　　 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 　　47　　　　 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.”可知，马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好，因此作者一家认为这些都不可能好。故选B项。
49．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。根据前文“It was 　　　43　　　 called Mario, coming to 　　　44　　　 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。
50．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。根据后文“Those tomatoes had 　　　53　　　 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。
51．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。结合前后文，可知，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道，比超市的西红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C项。
52．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。根据前文“we were 　　　46　　　 because they were so misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。
53．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。根据后文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 　　　54　　　 perfect but taste of water.”可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿外观差，但是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。
54．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell闻起来；B. look看起来；C. become变成；D. work工作。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round, 　　　7　　　 things you get in a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。
55．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A. happy快乐的；B. vivid清晰的；C. short短的；D. vague模糊的。根据前文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 　　　14　　　 perfect but taste of water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。
56．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A. clean打扫；B. check检查；C. count计数；D. pack包装。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D项。
57．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。A. perfect完美的；B. useful有用的；C. convenient便利的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”以及空前的but可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的”之意，符合实际。故选A项。
58．【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. on view在展出；B. on sale出售；C. in season当令的；D. in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在合适的时间，也就是食物应季，当令的时候吃该食物口感是最好的。故选C项。
59．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. finished完成；B. stored贮存；C. found找到；D. grown成长。根据前文“It’s good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D项。
60．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给；C. bought买；D. told告诉。根据前文“It was 　　　43　　　 called Mario, coming to 　　　44　　　 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B项。
文本基本结构：
部分
内容概述
关键细节
引言
描述了我们在交通堵塞、长队等待和等待假期开始时常常缺乏的是耐心。
这是一个谜语，三种情况的共同点是需要更多的耐心。
技巧1
表达感恩可以让我们更快乐、压力更小，甚至更乐观，感恩也可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。
美国加州大学的研究员Ye Li表示，“表达感谢可以培养自我控制。”
技巧2
使自己等待。即时满足可能看起来是最令人感到愉快的选择，但心理学研究表明，长期来看，等待事物实际上会使我们更快乐。
可以通过从小任务开始，比如推迟观看你最喜欢的节目，或者等待多十分钟再去吃那块蛋糕，来练习耐心。随着耐心的练习，你会发现自己开始将它应用到其他更烦人的情况中。
技巧3
接受不舒服的感觉。我们中的许多人都有这样的信念，即只有舒适的状态才是我们可以容忍的，当我们经历超出舒适区的事情时，我们对情况的不耐病就会显现出来。
你应该学会对自己说，“这只是不舒服，不是不能忍受。”然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心。
阅读高频词
1. traffic jams 交通阻塞
2. gratitude n. 感激
3.research n. 研究
4.foster v. 培养，促进
5.instant gratification 即时满足
6.tolerate v. 容忍
7.intolerate v. 无法容忍
8. gradually adv. 逐渐地
长难句回顾
The first time we stayed there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike making its way down the hill toward us.
【句意】我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。
【解析】本句是主从复合句。 the first time 引导时间状语从句，主句是hear sth. doing sth. 的宾语补足语。
真题变式练
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Passage 1
（2023春·广西·高三校联考阶段练习）Humans, through the ages, have experienced many changes from the time when they lived in dark caves to nowadays when they live in comfortable apartments, 1 one thing remains the same: people always 2 in groups. So why are groups so 3 to people? I think it is because of the psychological, social and financial advantages.
With regard to psychological aspects, I think groups make people feel more purposeful and 4 . When one is lonely and bored, he or she may 5 little purpose in life. But once they join a group that promotes a 6 cause, their life will soon become more purposeful. 7 , a group can give an individual courage to overcome difficulties. Everyone knows the saying, “There is 8 in numbers.” No doubt, meeting challenges as a group is often easier than meeting them 9 .
10 speaking, groups and organizations provide an interesting way for people with common interests to share information, ideas and hobbies. Today, there are 11 social groups, including running groups, culture groups and dance groups. As a group, people can have more fun and can 12 from the collection of different ideas 13 by the group’s many members. I think the saying, “Two heads are better than one”, 14 here.
Finally, I think groups are important to people because it allows them to pool their resources together to make certain things more 15 . For example, many people like traveling in large groups because hotels and airlines are always willing to offer a lower price 16 group business. Many modern suburban neighborhoods have formed car pools to share and lower the 17 of getting to and from the city. There’s 18 to the saying, “It’s 19 by the dozen.”
In conclusion, I think groups and organizations give people psychological, social and financial advantages. No matter how the world 20 , they play an essential role in our life.
1．A．so B．but C．though D．unless
2．A．play B．live C．eat D．compete
3．A．complex B．simple C．important D．normal
4．A．careful B．successful C．powerful D．grateful
5．A．collect B．promote C．waste D．find
6．A．difficult B．smooth C．lost D．worthy
7．A．Besides B．Instead C．Otherwise D．Therefore
8．A．mystery B．strength C．safety D．patience
9．A．again B．apart C．alone D．abroad
10．A．Socially B．Relatively C．Personally D．Roughly
11．A．countless B．limited C．funny D．actual
12．A．hide B．benefit C．wake D．separate
13．A．accepted B．appreciated C．produced D．considered
14．A．passes B．applies C．ends D．lies
15．A．public B．official C．special D．affordable
16．A．in spite of B．in memory of C．in addition to D．in exchange for
17．A．cost B．speed C．chance D．profit
18．A．truth B．reality C．principle D．purpose
19．A．luckier B．quicker C．cheaper D．firmer
20．A．works B．tries C．suffers D．changes
【篇章解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了团体对人类的重要性以及团体提供的一些好处。
1．【答案】B
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：人类，古往今来，经历了许多变化，从他们住在黑暗的洞穴到现在他们住在舒适的公寓，但有一件事是不变的：人们总是生活在群体中。结合前后文语境可知，前后两个句子为转折关系，应用连词but，表示“但是”。故选B。
2．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人类，古往今来，经历了许多变化，从他们住在黑暗的洞穴到现在他们住在舒适的公寓，但有一件事是不变的：人们总是生活在群体中。A. play玩耍；B. live居住；C. eat吃；D. compete竞争。呼应上文“when they lived in dark caves to nowadays when they live in comfortable apartments”指生活在群体中，应用live in。故选B。
3．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，为什么群体对人们如此重要呢？A. complex复杂的；B. simple简单的；C. important重要的；D. normal正常的。上文提到人类生活在群体中，可见群体很重要。故选C。
4．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关于心理方面，我认为团体使人们感到更有目的性和更强大。A. careful仔细的；B. successful成功的；C. powerful强大的；D. grateful感激的。根据后文“a group can give an individual courage to overcome difficulties(一个团体可以给个人克服困难的勇气)”可知，团体使人们感到更有目的性和更强大。故选C。
5．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个人感到孤独和无聊时，他或她可能会发现生活的目标很少。A. collect收集；B. promote促进；C. waste浪费；D. find找到，发现。根据后文“little purpose in life”指发现生活缺少目标。故选D。
6．【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是一旦他们加入了一个促进有价值事业的团体，他们的生活很快就会变得更有意义。A. difficult困难的；B. smooth顺利的；C. lost迷路的；D. worthy值得的；有价值的。根据后文“life will soon become more purposeful”可知，生活很快就会变得更有意义，说明是有价值的团体。故选D。
7．【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，一个团体可以给个人克服困难的勇气。A. Besides此外；B. Instead相反；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefore因此。后文是对上文的补充说明，besides符合语境。故选A。
8．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人多力量大。A. mystery神秘；B. strength力量；C. safety安全；D. patience耐心。根据后文“No doubt, meeting challenges as a group is often easier(毫无疑问，作为一个团队来迎接挑战往往更容易)”可知，本句是在说明人多力量大的道理。故选B。
9．【答案】C
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，作为一个团队面对挑战往往比独自面对挑战更容易。A. again再次；B. apart分开；C. alone独自；D. abroad在国外。根据上文“meeting challenges as a group is often easier than meeting them”可知，作为一个团队面对挑战往往比独自面对挑战更容易。故选C。
10．【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：从社交角度来说，团体和组织为有共同兴趣的人们提供了一种有趣的方式来分享信息、想法和爱好。A. Socially社交地；B. Relatively相当地；C. Personally个人地；D. Roughly大概。根据后文“provide an interesting way for people with common interests”可知，说明的是从社交角度来说，团体和组织为有共同兴趣的人们提供了一种有趣的方式来分享信息、想法和爱好。故选A。
11．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，有无数的社会团体，包括跑步团体、文化团体和舞蹈团体。A. countless无数的；B. limited有限的；C. funny有趣的；D. actual实际的。根据后文“including running groups, culture groups and dance groups”指有无数的社会团体。故选A。
12．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个团体，人们可以有更多的乐趣，并可以从团体的许多成员产生的不同想法的集合中受益。A. hide隐藏；B. benefit受益；C. wake醒来；D. separate分开。根据后文“from the collection of different ideas”指人们可以从团体想法中受益。故选B。
13．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个团体，人们可以有更多的乐趣，并可以从团体的许多成员产生的不同想法的集合中受益。A. accepted接受；B. appreciated感激；C. produced产生；D. considered考虑。根据后文“by the group’s many members”可知，这些想法是由成员产生的。故选C。
14．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为“三个臭皮匠胜过一个诸葛亮”这句话在这里很适用。A. passes通过；B. applies应用，适用；C. ends结束；D. lies躺下。此处指“Two heads are better than one”这句话适用于这种情况，应用动词apply。故选B。
15．【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我认为团体对人们来说很重要，因为它可以让人们把资源集中在一起，让某些东西更便宜。A. public公众的；B. official官方的；C. special特别的；D. affordable买得起的。根据后文“For example, many people like traveling in large groups because hotels and airlines are always willing to offer a lower price(例如，许多人喜欢组团旅行，因为酒店和航空公司总是愿意提供更低的价格)”可知，团购可以更便宜。故选D。
16．【答案】D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，许多人喜欢跟团旅行，因为酒店和航空公司总是愿意提供较低的价格来换取团体业务。A. in spite of尽管；B. in memory of纪念；C. in addition to除了；D. in exchange for作为交换。根据上文“offer a lower price”可知，提供低价是为了换取团体业务。故选D。
17．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多现代化的郊区社区已经形成了拼车，以共享和降低往返城市的成本。A. cost花费；B. speed速度；C. chance机会；D. profit利益。根据后文“of getting to and from the city”指降低往返城市的成本。故选A。
18．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“一打一打便宜”这句话是对的。A. truth真相；B. reality现实；C. principle原则；D. purpose目的。后文主要说明了“一打一打便宜”这句话是真理的事实，故选A。
19．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“一打一打便宜”这句话是对的。A. luckier更幸运的；B. quicker更快的；C. cheaper更便宜的；D. firmer更坚固的。结合上文主要说明了团购可以价格更低，即“一打一打便宜”。故选C。
20．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论世界如何变化，它们在我们的生活中扮演着至关重要的角色。A. works工作；B. tries尝试；C. suffers遭受；D. changes改变。呼应第一段中“Humans, through the ages, have experienced many changes from the time”指世界也在变化，团体在我们的生活中扮演着至关重要的角色。故选D。
Passage 2
（2023春·四川乐山·高三统考专题练习）In January 2023, I was commuting (通勤) from Brooklyn to New Jersey. With two little kids and a busy business, a quiet train ride felt like a mini 21 . Yet I found myself spending that 22 time scrolling (浏览) through social media feeds.
One day, I 23 my phone and started writing thank-you notes to people who had 24 to a money-raiser I had organized. Getting off the train, I was in a noticeably 25 mood. The next day, I wrote more 26 and felt the same. Something 27 . What if I kept it up?
I decided to write one thank-you note for every day. I had no shortage of people I was 28 to. I picked out a different 29 for each month. January was charity. February would be neighbors, and I thought of a dozen names immediately. I remembered when the owners of our 30 bookstore let me and my son, Henry, 31 before the store opened and 32 to play his favorite soundtrack. I 33 when our babysitter dropped off some board games for our 34 .
Writing the notes wasn’t that 35 : Each was two or three sentences long, taking just a few minutes. I 36 on the person I was writing to and what I wanted to say, and the words came fairly 37 . That focus felt refreshing.
I eventually 38 why this task was the perfect cure to my social feeds. Scrolling through Instagram, I was admiring others’ 39 . However, writing thank-you notes was an act of 40 and honoring my own life.
21．A．journey B．program C．vacation D．hall
22．A．precious B．busy C．short D．mean
23．A．break up B．turned over C．reached out D．put down
24．A．flowed B．contributed C．led D．linked
25．A．better B．bluer C．friendlier D．guiltier
26．A．words B．papers C．post-cards D．thank-you notes
27．A．clicked B．occurred C．came D．froze
28．A．sorry B．angry C．grateful D．available
29．A．piece B．step C．signal D．theme
30．A．special B．local C．famous D．public
31．A．out B．in C．away D．on
32．A．continued B．refused C．added D．offered
33．A．appreciated B．rejected C．recalled D．memorized
34．A．parents B．kids C．drivers D．poets
35．A．time-consuming B．consumer-friendly C．energy-saving D．trouble-making
36．A．reflected B．concentrated C．congratulated D．stepped
37．A．flexibly B．soundly C．easily D．skillfully
38．A．recognized B．accepted C．acknowledged D．realized
39．A．lives B．kindness C．career D．neighbors
40．A．protecting B．adopting C．noticing D．controlling
【篇章解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者改变过去刷手机社交媒体的习惯，坚持给各种帮助过自己的人写感谢便条的经历。这样做让作者从羡慕别人的生活转变到关注并尊重自己的生活，找到了治愈“刷手机”的良方。
21．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着两个小孩和忙碌的工作，安静的火车之旅感觉就像一次迷你旅行。A. journey旅行；B. program项目；C. vacation假期；D. hall大厅。根据前文“With two little kids and a busy business”可知，作者由于照顾两个小孩和做忙碌的工作，很辛苦，一个安静的火车旅程对于作者来说都像是假期。故选C项。
22．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我发现自己把宝贵的时间花在了浏览社交媒体动态上。A. precious珍贵的；B. busy繁忙的；C. short短暂的；D. mean吝啬的。根据前文“a quiet train ride felt like a mini___1____. Yet”可知，作者难得放松，然而却把这难得的时间花在了浏览社交媒体上。故选A项。
23．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，我放下手机，开始给那些为我组织的筹款活动捐款的人写感谢信。A. break up分手；B. turned over翻转；C. reached out伸出；D. put down放下。根据后文“started writing thank-you notes”可知，作者放下手机，开始写感谢信。故选D项。
24．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我放下手机，开始给那些为我组织的筹款活动捐款的人写感谢信。A. flowed流动；B. contributed捐赠；C. led带领；D. linked联系。根据后文“to a money-raiser I had organized”可知，作者是写信给那些为自己的募捐活动付出的人。故选B项。
25．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下火车的时候，我的心情明显好了很多。A. better更好的；B. bluer更沮丧的；C. friendlier更友好的；D. guiltier更内疚的。根据前文“started writing thank-you notes”可知，作者放下手机，开始做有意义的事情，心情变的更好。故选A项。
26．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我写了更多的感谢信，我也有同样的感受。A. words言语；B. papers论文；C. post-cards明信片；D. thank-you notes感谢信。根据前文“started writing thank-you notes”可知，第二天，作者写了更多的感谢信。故选D项。
27．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然有了一个想法。A. clicked突然明白；B. occurred发生；C. came到来；D. froze冰冻。根据后文“What if I kept it up?”可知，作者突然有了一直写下去的想法。故选A项。
28．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从不缺少让我感激的人。A. sorry抱歉的；B. angry生气的；C. grateful感激的；D. available可利用的。根据前文“write one thank-you note for every day”可知，作者需要感激的人有很多。故选C项。
29．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为每个月挑选了一个不同的主题。A. piece片；B. step步骤；C. signal信号；D. theme主题。根据后文“January was charity. February would be neighbors”可知，作者的感谢信每个月的主题不同。故选D项。
30．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，当地书店的老板让我和儿子亨利在书店开门之前进去，并提出要放他最喜欢的配乐。A. special特别的；B. local当地的；C. famous著名的；D. public公众的。根据前文“February would be neighbors”可知，二月感恩的主题是“邻居”, 故作者都是在回忆自己的邻居做的好事, 因此文中提到的书店应是作者家周围的书店。故选B项。
31．【答案】B
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，当地书店的老板让我和儿子亨利在书店开门之前进去，并提出要放他最喜欢的配乐。A. out在外面；B. in在里面；C. away远离；D. on在上面。根据后文“before the store opened”可知，店主在开门营业前让作者和儿子进去。故选B项。
32．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，当地书店的老板让我和儿子亨利在书店开门之前进去，并提出要放他最喜欢的配乐。A. continued继续；B. refused拒绝；C. added增加；D. offered提议。根据后文“play his favorite soundtrack”可知，店主主动播放儿子最喜欢的歌曲。故选D项。
33．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想起了保姆给孩子们送来一些棋盘游戏的情景。A. appreciated感激；B. rejected拒绝；C. recalled回想起；D. memorized记住。根据后文“our babysitter dropped off some board games”可知，作者回想起身边的人对自己的善意。故选C项。
34．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想起了保姆给孩子们送来一些棋盘游戏的情景。A. parents父母；B. kids孩子；C. drivers司机；D. poets诗人。根据前文“our babysitter”可知，保姆带来一些棋盘游戏给孩子们玩。故选B项。
35．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：写这些感谢便条并不费时。A. time-consuming费时的；B. consumer-friendly对消费者有利的；C. energy-saving节约资源的；D. trouble-making制作麻烦的。根据后文“Each was two or three sentences long, taking just a few minutes”可知，写这些感谢便条并不费时。故选A项。
36．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把注意力集中在我写信的对象和我想说的话上，于是很容易就写出来了。A. reflected反思；B. concentrated集中注意；C. congratulated祝贺；D. stepped移步。根据后文“That focus”可知，作者写感谢便条时很专注。故选B项。
37．【答案】C
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我把注意力集中在我写信的对象和我想说的话上，于是很容易就写出来了。A. flexibly灵活地；B. soundly健全地；C. easily容易地；D. skillfully有技巧地。根据前文“Each was two or three sentences long”可知，作者写这些便条并不麻烦。故选C项。
38．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我终于意识到为什么这个任务可以是我摆脱浏览社交动态的良方。A. recognized认出；B. accepted接受；C. acknowledged承认；D. realized意识到。根据后文“why this task was the perfect cure to my social feeds”可知，下文是作者的感悟和认识。故选D项。
39．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在Instagram上浏览，我是在欣赏别人的生活。A. lives生活；B. kindness善良；C. career职业；D. neighbors邻居。根据后文“honoring my own life”可知，写感谢便条是关注和尊重自己的生活，而浏览社交媒体是欣赏别人的生活。故选A项。
40．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，写感谢信是一种关注和尊重自己生活的行为。A. protecting保护；B. adopting采用；C. noticing注意到；D. controlling控制。根据后文“honoring my own life”可知，作者认为写感谢便条是关注和尊重自己的生活的行为。故选C项。
Passage 3
（2023春·贵州·高三校联考阶段练习）I am a procrastinator (拖延症患者), which means I cannot make myself do things. Though I like my studies, the point is when I got homework, I 41 to make myself start it. I thought the situation would improve in high school, but it didn’t.
Once I had to write a huge essay, a project that I was 42 to prepare for the whole year. However, I 43 it from the very beginning. Time passed 44 and before I knew it, there was only one week ahead of the 45 . The same very day I was to start, I broke my right arm. It seemed that the universe decided to 46 me. 47 , I started my essay typing with my left hand.
Everyone in my class was already 48 their essay and I was only five or six pages through it. There was no way I could 49 it on time. I had to come to my 50 and tell her that nothing was ready. She said, “well, you could 51 what you have written during the year.” How 52 I was when I told her I had just started and that I am a procrastinator.
She turned out to be very 53 , as she said that she would set another deadline and prepare a(n) 54 schedule for me so that I could write a decent work in the remaining time. 55 her, I managed to complete my work under her strict control and 56 , it was of a better quality than I could have ever hoped.
I’ve learned my 57 . I can’t say that I’ve stopped procrastinating 58 at least, I’ve seen what happens when I procrastinate. I am trying to learn some 59 management now. I don’t want to 60 all my life procrastinating.
41．A．promised B．wanted C．failed D．happened
42．A．guided B．supposed C．advised D．helped
43．A．launched B．assessed C．refused D．ignored
44．A．quickly B．randomly C．abruptly D．painfully
45．A．schedule B．age C．story D．deadline
46．A．punish B．forgive C．control D．bless
47．A．With pleasure B．With curiosity C．In panic D．In relief
48．A．reading B．polishing C．starting D．writing
49．A．acquire B．check C．revise D．complete
50．A．teacher B．friend C．headmaster D．classmate
51．A．pack B．submit C．search D．ruin
52．A．confused B．astonished C．ashamed D．delighted
53．A．strict B．understanding C．anxious D．disappointed
54．A．stable B．flexible C．individual D．irregular
55．A．Instead of B．Thanks to C．Apart from D．On behalf of
56．A．apparently B．indirectly C．confidently D．unexpectedly
57．A．subject B．essay C．skill D．lesson
58．A．but B．and C．or D．so
59．A．time B．project C．information D．classroom
60．A．mind B．stop C．waste D．risk
【篇章解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作为一个拖延症患者，作者在完成一个作业时因为拖延导致无法按期交作业，幸运地是，在老师的帮助和督导下，最终很好地完成了作业。作者也从中得到教训，认识到时间管理的重要性。
41．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我热爱学习，但关键是当我有作业要完成时，我无法使自己开始它。A. promised承诺；B. wanted想要；C. failed未能做到，未能做；D. happened发生。根据前文“I am a procrastinator”可知，作者有拖延症，所以无法让自己开始完成作业。故选C项。
42．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经我需要写一篇大论文，这是一个我应该用一年时间完成的项目。A. guided指导；B. supposed预期，需要；C. advised建议；D. helped帮助。根据后文“to prepare for the whole year. ”可知，这篇文章是作者的一个作业，应该有一年的筹备时间。be supposed to do sth表示“应该做某事”。故选B项。
43．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我从一开始就忽视了它。A. launched开启；B. assessed评估；C. refused拒绝；D. ignored忽视。根据前文“However”可知，作者一开始就忽视了这个作业。故选D项。
44．【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：时间过得很快，在我意识到的时候，距截止日期只有一周的时间了。A. quickly迅速地；B. randomly随机地；C. abruptly唐突地；D. painfully痛苦地。根据后文“before I knew it, there was only one week”可知，时间过得很快。故选A项。
45．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：时间过得很快，在我意识到的时候，距截止日期只有一周的时间了。A. schedule时间表；B. age年龄；C. story故事；D. deadline截止日期。根据前文“Once I had to write a huge essay”及后文“set another deadline”可知，作者要写一篇论文，但他拖延到了截止日期前一周。故选D项。
46．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎宇宙开始惩罚我了。A. punish惩罚；B. forgive原谅；C. control控制；D. bless祝福。根据前文“I broke my right arm”可知，就在作者正要开始写作的时候，右手摔断了，就好像宇宙在惩罚他一样。故选A项。
47．【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我只能慌张地用左手打字。A. With pleasure乐意地；B. With curiosity好奇地；C. In panic惊慌地；D. In relief简要地。根据前文“ there was only one week ahead of the____5____”及“I broke my right arm”可知，截止日期临近，右手骨折，作者非常慌张。故选C项。
48．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：班里的同学们都已经开始润色修改文章了，我才写了五六页。A. reading阅读；B. polishing改进，润色；C. starting开始；D. writing写作。根据上文“ there was only one week ahead of the____5____”可知，距离交论文只有一周了，其他同学应该早就写完，结合句中“their essay”可推知，他们在作最后的润色修改。故选B项。
49．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我绝不可能按时完成了。A. acquire获得；B. check检查；C. revise修改；D. complete完成。根据前文“I was only five or six pages through it.”可知，作者无法按时完成作业了。故选D项。
50．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不得不找到老师，告诉她我没有写完作业。A. teacher老师；B. friend朋友；C. headmaster校长；D. classmate同学。根据前文“There was no way I could____9____it on time. ”可知，作者无法按时完成作业，所以要向老师报告这件事。故选A项。
51．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“你可以提交这一年你已经完成的内容。”A. pack打包；B. submit提交；C. search搜寻；D. ruin摧毁。根据后文“what you have written during the year.”可知，老师让作者提交已经写完的部分。故选B项。
52．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉她我才刚刚开始，我是一个拖延症患者时，羞愧地无地自容。A. confused困惑的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. delighted高兴的。根据后文“when I told her I had just started and that I am a procrastinator”可知，当作者告诉老师实情时，羞愧难当。故选C项。
53．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果证明老师非常宽容，她又给我定了另一个截止日期，还给我制定了我个人的时间表，以便我在剩余的时间内可以完成不错的文章。A. strict严格的；B. understanding宽容的；C. anxious焦急的；D. disappointed失望的。根据后文“as she said that she would set another deadline and prepare a(n)____14____schedule for me”可知，老师非常宽容。故选B项。
54．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果证明老师非常宽容，她又给我定了另一个截止日期，还给我制定了我个人的时间表，以便我在剩余的时间内可以完成不错的文章。A. stable稳定的；B. flexible灵活的；C. individual个人的；D. irregular不规律的。根据后文“so that I could write a decent work in the remaining time.”可知，老师给作者制定了适合他自己的时间表帮助他按时完成任务。故选C项。
55．【答案】B
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：多亏了她，在她严格的监督下，我完成了作业。出乎意料的是，这个作业的质量比我预期的还好。A. Instead of而不是；B. Thanks to多亏；C. Apart from除了；D. On behalf of代表。根据后文“I managed to complete my work under her strict control ”可知，由于老师的帮助和严格监督，作者顺利完成作业。故选B项。
56．【答案】D
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：多亏了她，在她严格的监督下，我完成了作业。出乎意料的是，这个作业的质量比我预期的还好。 A. apparently显然地；B. indirectly间接地；C. confidently自信地；D. unexpectedly意想不到地。根据后文“it was of a better quality than I could have ever hoped”可知，作业的质量比作者预想的要好，这是意料之外的。故选D项。
57．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也得到了教训。A. subject科目；B. essay论文；C. skill技巧；D. lesson教训。根据后文“I can’t say that I’ve stopped procrastinating____18____at least, I’ve seen what happens when I procrastinate.”可知，作者通过这件事学到了教训，了解到了拖延的后果。故选D项。
58．【答案】A
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我不能说我已经不拖延了，但是至少我已经看到了拖延的后果。A. but但是；B. and并且；C. or或者；D. so所以。根据前文“I can’t say that I’ve stopped procrastinating”及后文“I’ve seen what happens when I procrastinate”可知，前后是转折关系，虽然作者不能完全避免拖延，但至少了解了拖延的后果。故选A项。
59．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在试着学习时间管理。 A. time时间；B. project项目；C. information信息；D. classroom班级。根据前文“I am a procrastinator”可知，作者是拖延症患者，要避免拖延，就要学会更好的管理时间。故选A项。
60．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想浪费我的生命在拖延上了。A. mind介意；B. stop停止；C. waste浪费；D. risk冒险。根据前文“I’ve learned my_____17_____”可知，通过这件事情，作者了解到了拖延的后果，决定不再把时间浪费在拖延上了。故选C项。
Passage 4
（2023春·四川资阳·高三四川省资阳中学校考阶段练习）When you are living a fully-scheduled life, every minute counts. No matter how many ways you divide your 61 , there’s never enough time in a day to catch up.
Six years ago, I was 62 with a care-free, stop-and-smell-the-roses type of 63 . When I needed to rush out, she was taking her sweet 64 picking out a purse and a shining crown. When I needed to have a 65 lunch, she’d stop to speak to the elderly woman who looked like her grandma. Whenever my child caused me to deviate (偏离) from my main 66 , I thought to myself, we don’t have time for this. 67 , the two words I most commonly spoke to my little lover of life were: “ 68 !”
Then one day, things 69 . We’d just picked up my older daughter from kindergarten and were getting out of the car. Seeing her little sister not going fast enough for her liking, my older daughter said, “You are so slow.” When the older one crossed her own arms, it dawned on me that her annoyed look 70 that of mine. I saw the 71 my hurried existence was doing to both of my children.
Though my 72 to slow down was made almost three years ago, living at a slower pace still 73 great effort. My younger daughter is my living 74 of why I must keep trying. In fact, she reminded me once again the other day. When I thought my little child was going to eat the last 75 of an ice cream, she held out a spoonful of it. “I saved the last for you,” she said. At that moment, I 76 I’d just got the deal of a lifetime. I gave my child a little time, and unexpectedly, 77 , she reminded me that things taste 78 and love comes easier when you stop 79 through life.
Pausing to delight in the simple joys of daily life is the only way to truly live. Trust me, I learned from the world’s born 80 in joyful living.
61．A．memory B．attention C．love D．experience
62．A．bored B．blessed C．content D．patient
63．A．sister B．grandma C．daughter D．son
64．A．time B．ice cream C．step D．lunch
65．A．big B．quick C．nutritious D．joyful
66．A．hobby B．responsibility C．interest D．schedule
67．A．Frankly B．Consequently C．Surprisingly D．Unusually
68．A．Cheer up B．Pull up C．Shut up D．Hurry up
69．A．improved B．changed C．appeared D．worsened
70．A．silenced B．mirrored C．linked D．encouraged
71．A．favor B．honor C．damage D．good
72．A．demand B．joke C．promise D．mistake
73．A．takes B．gives C．makes D．puts
74．A．reminder B．memory C．image D．example
75．A．half B．bite C．cup D．piece
76．A．wondered B．realized C．recognized D．valued
77．A．in conclusion B．in short C．in return D．in fact
78．A．sweeter B．softer C．sourer D．hotter
79．A．going B．rushing C．getting D．enjoying
80．A．artist B．magician C．designer D．expert
【篇章解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者从小女儿身上学到了快乐生活的秘诀---放慢生活的节奏，享受生活中的快乐与甜蜜。
61．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你用多少种方式把你的注意力如何分开，每天都没有足够的时间。 A. memory记忆； B. attention注意力；C. love爱；D. experience经历。根据“there’s never enough time in a day to catch up.”可知，每天都没有足够的时间。不论你如何分配注意力。故选B。
62．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：六年前，我有幸拥有了一个无忧无虑、悠闲自在的女儿。A.bored厌烦的； B. blessed 祝福的；C. content满足的；D. patient耐心的。根据“with a care-free, stop-and-smell-the-roses type of ”可知，有了一个无忧无虑、悠闲自在的女儿，我很幸运。be blessed with…为固定搭配，“幸运地享有”。故选B。
63．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：六年前，我有幸拥有了一个无忧无虑、悠闲自在的女儿。A.sister姐姐； B. grandma奶奶；C. daughter女儿；D. son儿子。根据“ the two words I most commonly spoke to my little lover of life were: ”以及“We’d just picked up my older daughter from kindergarten ”可知，那是作者的女儿。故选C。
64．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我很着急的时候，她慢腾腾地拿出钱包和闪闪的花冠。A. time 时间；B. ice cream冰淇淋；C. step 步伐； D. lunch午饭。根据“When I needed to rush out, ”相对于我的匆忙，她反应慢腾腾。take one’s time为固定搭配，“不要急，慢慢来”，故选A。
65．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我需要快速地吃一顿午餐，她会停下来和那个看起来像她奶奶的老妇人讲话。A. big 大的；B. quick快的；C. nutritious营养的；D. joyful开心的。根据“she’d stop to speak to ”表示对比，当我需要快速地吃一顿午餐，她会停下来和别人讲话。故选B。
66．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我的孩子使我偏离我的主要日程表，我会想，我们没时间做这事了。A. hobby爱好； B. responsibility责任；C. interest兴趣。D. schedule 日程表，时间表。根据“I thought to myself, we don’t have time for this. ”可知，由于我的孩子使我不能按照主要日程表做事，我会想，我们没时间一起做一些事了。故选D。
67．【答案】B
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。 句意：因此，我最常对我的小甜心说的两个词是“快点”。A.Frankly 坦白地； B. Consequently因此；C.Surprisingly 令人惊奇地； D.Unusually不同寻常地。根据上文说的会没时间，可推知是因果关系，故选B。
68．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我最常对我的小甜心说的两个词是“快点”。 A.Cheer up加油；B.Pull up停下； C.Shut up关上；D.Hurry up快点。根据“ I thought to myself, we don’t have time for this. ”可知，我很着急，常对我的小甜心说的两个词是“快点”。故选D项。
69．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来有一天，事情改变了。A. improved改善；B. changed改变； C.appeared出现；D.worsened恶化。根据下文“Seeing her little sister not going fast enough for her liking, my older daughter said, ‘You are so slow.’ ”可知，有一天，大女儿像作者一样不耐烦的催小女儿，作者知道事情改变了，故选B项。
70．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当大女儿交叉双臂， 我渐渐明白她生气的样子像极了我。A. silenced沉默；B.mirrored 反映真实的写照；C. linked 联系；D. encouraged鼓励。根据“I saw the 　　71　　my hurried existence was doing to both of my children.”可知，作者大女儿像极了以前的自己。故选B。
71．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到我匆忙的生活对我的两个孩子造成了伤害。A. favor支持；B. honor 荣誉；C.damage损害； D.good正直的行为。根据上文“Seeing her little sister not going fast enough for her liking, my older daughter said, ‘You are so slow.’ ”可知，大女儿模仿作者以前匆忙的态度，这是对孩子的伤害，故选C。
72．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管三年前我做了要放慢节奏的承诺，以较慢的节奏生活仍然需要很大的努力。A. demand要求； B.joke开玩笑；C. promise 答应，承诺；D.mistake错误。根据“living at a slower pace still 73　　 great effort”可知，作者做了要放慢节奏的承诺。故选C项。
73．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管三年前我做了要放慢节奏的承诺，以较慢的节奏生活仍然需要很大的努力。A. takes 需要；B. gives 给予；C. makes 制作；D. puts放置。根据“Whenever my child caused me to deviate (偏离) from my main 　　　　66　　　　, I thought to myself, we don’t have time for this.”。可知，以前很匆忙，现在要放慢生活脚步需要努力。故选A。
74．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的小女儿一直在提醒我，为什么我必须继续努力。A. reminder提醒人/物；B. memory 记忆；C. image意象；D. example例子。后一句“she reminded me once again”可知，我的小女儿一直在提醒我。故选A。
75．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我以为我的小女儿要吃完最后一口冰淇淋时，她拿出一匙冰淇淋。A.half 一半；B. bite 咬；C. cup 杯子；D. piece一片。吃冰淇淋要咬（bite），故选B项。
76．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我意识到我得到了生命中重要的东西。A. wondered想知道；B. realized意识到；C. recognized 认识，认出； D. valued重视。根据“ I’d just got the deal of a lifetime. ”可知，那一刻，作者意识到自己得到了生命中重要的东西。故选B。
77．【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我给我的孩子一点时间，出乎意料地，作为回报，她提醒我当你放慢节奏，东西品尝起来更甜美，爱也来的更容易。A. in conclusion总之；B. in short简而言之； C. in return 作为回报；D. in fact事实上。根据“I gave my child a little time,”可知，我给女儿时间，女儿给我回报。故选C。
78．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给我的孩子一点时间，出乎意料地，作为回报，她提醒我当你放慢节奏，东西品尝起来更甜美，爱也来的更容易。 A. sweeter更甜的；B. softer 更软的；C. sourer更酸的；D. hotter更热。根据上文“an ice cream”以及“and love comes easier”可知，慢下来东西尝起来更甜。故选A项。
79．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她提醒我当你放慢节奏，东西品尝起来更甜美，爱也来的更容易。A.going去；B. rushing冲进，匆促；C. getting获得；D. enjoying享受。根据“Though my 　　72　　　 to slow down was made almost three years ago, living at a slower pace still 　73　　 great effort. ”可知，人生不要太匆忙。故选B。
80．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相信我，我从天生快乐的生活专家（即我的天生快乐的女儿）那里学到了快乐生活。A. artist艺术家；B. magician魔术师； C. designer设计师；D. expert 专家。根据“she reminded me that things taste 　　　　78　　 and love comes easier when you stop 　　　79　　 through life.”可知，作者把女儿比喻成天生快乐的生活专家，故选D。
Passage 5
（2023春·四川遂宁·高三射洪中学校考阶段练习）Priscilla Sitienei has become something of a celebrity as the oldest primary school student in Kenya. At 98, she sits in class alongside some of the pupils she helped bring into the 81 .
Sitienei, who comes from the remote village of Ndalat in Nandi County, had always wanted to become a(n) 82 . Though that 83 never came her way, she instead used her traditionally learned skills to help mothers deliver their babies safely at home. Still, she never 84 her dream to get an education. Giving her a dose of inspiration was a(n) 85 by the Kenyan government in 2003 to make primary education free. However, it wasn’t until almost a decade later that she could 86 enter a classroom.
Her journey on the road to 87 has served as an inspiration for many in Kenya, where it was 88 among members of the older generations to 89 on schooling to make ends meet.
David Kinyanjui, the head teacher at Leaders Vision Preparatory School, said that while it was challenging to 90 Sitienei into the class in 2011, her determination to get an education 91 the school authorities to enroll her. Sitienei, 92 known as Gogo—or grandmother in her native language—hasn’t looked back.
“Gogo could only 93 in her mother tongue of Kalenjin and Kiswahili, but she was willing to start learning at the 94 level so that she could learn some English. 95 at Grade Six, she has learned the language and even though she is not 96   in it, she can understand what the teachers are saying in class,”Kinyanjui 97 .
Sitienei said:“I wanted to inspire children, especially 98 that education is important in shaping their future and getting out of poverty. Being a grandmother, I have 99 some girls drop out of school due to early pregnancies or 100 of interest and the best way to show them the importance of education was by going back to school myself.”
81．A．classroom B．house C．hospital D．world
82．A．doctor B．scientist C．teacher D．artist
83．A．university B．life C．opportunity D．thought
84．A．kept up with B．made use of C．made up for D．let go of
85．A．choice B．move C．reward D．honor
86．A．eventually B．temporarily C．gradually D．randomly
87．A．self-esteem B．self-control C．self-discipline D．self-improvement
88．A．rare B．common C．strange D．unacceptable
89．A．miss out B．look down C．look back D．cut down
90．A．force B．bring C．accept D．push
91．A．required B．begged C．convinced D．advised
92．A．formally B．fondly C．purposely D．cautiously
93．A．teach B．phone C．communicate D．write
94．A．lowest B．toughest C．advanced D．standard
95．A．Currently B．Fortunately C．Amazingly D．Properly
96．A．talented B．fluent C．absorbed D．interested
97．A．announced B．proposed C．insisted D．commented
98．A．boys B．girls C．teenagers D．parents
99．A．heard B．made C．helped D．witnessed
100．A．efficiency B．appearance C．lack D．presence
【篇章解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了Sitienei从未放弃接受教育的梦想，最终在98岁进入教室，以实现她的自我完善之旅，并以此激励孩子们，特别是女孩们，教育对塑造他们的未来和摆脱贫困很重要。
81．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：98岁时，她和一些她帮助来到这个世界的学生一起坐在课堂上。A. classroom教室；B. house房子；C. hospital医院；D. world世界。根据下文“Though that ____3____ never came her way, she instead used her traditionally learned skills to help mothers deliver their babies safely at home.”可知，此处表示她帮助很多婴儿来到这个世界上。故选D项。
82．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sitienei来自南迪县偏远的Ndalat村，她一直想成为一名医生。A. doctor医生；B. scientist科学家；C. teacher老师；D. artist艺术家。根据下文“Though that ____3____ never came her way, she instead used her traditionally learned skills to help mothers deliver their babies safely at home.”可知，她用学到的技能帮助妈妈们接生，所以此处表示她一直想成为一名医生。故选A项。
83．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管这个机会从未出现，但她还是利用自己传统的技能帮助妈妈们在家安全分娩。A. university大学；B. life生活；C. opportunity机会；D. thought想法。根据下文“never came her way, she instead used her traditionally learned skills to help mothers deliver their babies safely at home.”以及语境可知，Sitienei没能成为医生，机会从未出现。故选C项。
84．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，她从未放弃接受教育的梦想。A. kept up with 赶上；B. made use of 利用；C. made up for弥补；D. let go of放弃。根据上文“At 98, she sits in class alongside some of the pupils she helped bring into the ____1____ .”可知，此处表示她从未放弃接受教育的梦想。故选D项。
85．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：给她一丝鼓励的是2003年，肯尼亚政府推出了一项措施，使小学教育免费。A. choice选择；B. move措施；C. reward奖励；D. honor荣誉。根据下文“by the Kenyan government in 2003 to make primary education free.”可知，此处表示使小学教育免费的一项措施。故选B项。
86．【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到近十年后，她才最终进入了教室。A. eventually最终；B. temporarily暂时地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. randomly随机地。根据上文“However, it wasn’t until almost a decade later that she could”以及语境可知，近十年后，她最终进入了教室。故选A项。
87．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的自我完善之路激励了许多肯尼亚人，在那里，老一辈人为了维持生计而错过学校教育是很常见的。A. self-esteem自尊； B. self-control自控；C. self-discipline自律； D. self-improvement自我完善。根据上文“At 98, she sits in class alongside some of the pupils she helped bring into the ____81____ .”可知，此处表示Sitienei即使年老仍然在学习，这是她的自我完善之路。故选D项。
88．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的自我完善之路激励了许多肯尼亚人，在那里，老一辈人为了维持生计而错过学校教育是很常见的。A. rare稀少的；B. common常见的；C. strange奇怪的；D. unacceptable令人难以接受的。根据下文“among members of the older generations to ____89____ on schooling to make ends meet.”以及语境可知，此处表示老一辈人为了维持生计而错过学校教育是常见的。故选B项。
89．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的自我完善之路激励了许多肯尼亚人，在那里，老一辈人为了维持生计而错过学校教育是很常见的。A. miss out错过；B. look down俯视；C. look back回首；D. cut down削减。根据上文“However, it wasn’t until almost a decade later that she could ____86____ enter a classroom.”以及下文“on schooling to make ends meet”可知，此处表示老一辈人为了维持生计而错过学校教育。故选A项。
90．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Leaders Vision预科学校的校长David Kinyanjui说，虽然在2011年接受Sitiennei进入课堂很有挑战性，但她接受教育的决心说服了学校领导招收她。A. force强迫；B. bring带来；C. accept接受；D. push推。根据下文“Sitienei into the class in 2011, her determination to get an education ____91____ the school authorities to enroll her.”可知，此处表示学校接受她入学。故选C项。
91．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Leaders Vision预科学校的校长David Kinyanjui说，虽然在2011年接受Sitiennei进入课堂很有挑战性，但她接受教育的决心说服了学校领导招收她。A. required要求；B. begged乞求；C. convinced说服；D. advised建议。根据上文“At 98, she sits in class alongside some of the pupils she helped bring into the ____81____ .”可知，她最终进入了教室，她的决心说服了学校领导录取她入学。故选C项。
92．【答案】B
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Sitiennei，在她的母语中被亲切地称为Gogo或祖母，她没有回头看。A. formally正式地；B. fondly亲切地；C. purposely故意地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据下文“known as Gogo—or grandmother in her native language”可知，此处表示在她的母语中她被亲切地称为Gogo或祖母。故选B项。
93．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gogo只能用她的母语卡伦津语和斯瓦希里语进行交流，但她愿意从最低的水平开始学习，这样她就可以学习一些英语。A. teach教；B. phone打电话；C. communicate交流；D. write写。根据下文“in her mother tongue of Kalenjin and Kiswahili, but she was willing to start learning at the ____94____ level so that she could learn some English.”可知，此处表示Gogo只能用她的母语卡伦津语和斯瓦希里语进行交流。故选C项。
94．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gogo只能用她的母语卡伦津语和斯瓦希里语进行交流，但她愿意从最低的水平开始学习，这样她就可以学习一些英语。A. lowest最低的；B. toughest最难的；C. advanced高级的；D. standard标准的。根据上文“Gogo could only ___93____ in her mother tongue of Kalenjin and Kiswahili,”可知，此处表示Gogo没学过英语，只能从最低水平学起。故选A项。
95．【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：目前在六年级，她已经学了这门语言，即使不流利，她能理解老师们在课堂上说的话。A. Currently目前；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Amazingly令人惊讶地；D. Properly恰当地。根据上文“but she was willing to start learning at the ___94____ level so that she could learn some English.”可知，Gogo从最低水平的一年级开始学习，此处表示她目前在上六年级。故选A项。
96．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前在六年级，她已经学了这门语言，即使不流利，她能理解老师们在课堂上说的话。A. talented有天分的；B. fluent流利的；C. absorbed专注的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据下文“she can understand what the teachers are saying in class,”可知，此处表示Gogo的英语说的还不流利，但是能理解老师们在课堂上说的话。故选B项。
97．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kinyanjui评论道。A. announced宣布；B. proposed建议；C. insisted坚持；D. commented评论。根据上文“____95____ at Grade Six, she has learned the language and even though she is not ____96____   in it, she can understand what the teachers are saying in class”可知，此处表示校长对Sitienei在学校里学习语言的经历和进步进行评论。故选D项。
98．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想激励孩子们，尤其是女孩们，教育对于塑造他们的未来和摆脱贫困很重要。A. boys男孩们；B. girls女孩们；C. teenagers青少年们；D. parents家长们。根据下文“Being a grandmother, I have ____99____  some girls drop out of school due to early pregnancies or ____100____ of interest and the best way to show them the importance of education was by going back to school myself.”可知，此处表示Sitienei尤其想要激励女孩们。故选B项。
99．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名祖母，我目睹了一些女孩因早孕或缺乏兴趣而辍学，而向她们展示教育重要性的最好方法就是我自己回到学校。A. heard听到；B. made让；C. helped帮助；D. witnessed目睹。根据下文“some girls drop out of school due to early pregnancies or ___100____ of interest and the best way to show them the importance of education was by going back to school myself.”可知，此处表示Sitienei目睹了一些女孩因早孕或缺乏兴趣而辍学。故选D项。
100．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名祖母，我目睹了一些女孩因早孕或缺乏兴趣而辍学，而向她们展示教育重要性的最好方法就是我自己回到学校。A. efficiency效率；B. appearance外貌；C. lack缺乏；D. presence存在。根据上文“I have ___99____  some girls drop out of school due to early pregnancies or”可知，女孩们因早孕或缺乏兴趣而辍学。故选C项。