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辽宁省沈阳市联合体2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）
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这是一份辽宁省沈阳市联合体2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（含答案），文件包含辽宁省沈阳市联合体2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题docx、辽宁20222023学年度下联合体高一期末检测-英语-参考答案pdf、辽宁20222023学年度下联合体高一期末检测-英语-听力材料pdf等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共20页， 欢迎下载使用。
2022—2023学年度（下）联合体高一期末检测
英 语
（满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答题时，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上
2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 答非选择题时，必须使用黑色墨水笔或黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上，写在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a studio. B. At a museum. C. At a hotel.
2. What causes the woman’s sleeping problem?
A. The schoolwork. B. The weather. C. The roommates.
3. Who will fix the computer up?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The technician.
4. What are the characters on the lanterns?
A. Riddles. B. Poems. C. Figures.
5. What is the man trying to do?
A. Give the first aid. B. Do swimming exercise. C. Relax himself.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman talk to the man?
A. To cancel their plan. B. To make an invitation. C. To ask for information.
7. What does the man decide to do this evening?
A. See a band show. B. Accompany his parents. C. Buy tickets online.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What was the weather like that night?
A. Windy. B. Stormy. C. Cloudy.
9. Where did the dog hide?
A. Under the sofa. B. Under the table. C. Under the bed.
10. What does the man think of the strangest thing?
A. It’s normal. B. It’s meaningless. C. It’s humorous.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did David do on his latest holiday?
A. He had a boat trip. B. He dived in the deep sea. C. He climbed a mountain.
12. What is on David’s list?
A. Gifts he needs to buy. B. Things he wishes to do. C. Dates he has to remember.
13. Which is the girl’s favourite place she has been to?
A. Australia. B. California. C. The Amazon.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What’s new in the newspaper?
A. A study about flowers. B. A new type of plants. C. A new taste of honey
15. Who were given the lessons about planting?
A. Teenagers. B. Soldiers. C. Doctors.
16. What do the speakers need to do today?
A. Cover some plants. B. Offer cooking recipes. C. Decorate the kitchen.
17. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Classmates.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is Positive Psychology about?
A. What’s wrong with us.
B. How to solve problems.
C. How to help people be happier.
19. What is Mihaly’s idea about happiness?
A. We should always look for happiness.
B. We are the happiest when totally focused.
C. Happiness is caused by things that happen to us.
20. What is the speaker going to introduce next?
A. More about the theory of flow.
B. The importance of the lecture.
C. The requirement of the course
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Nobel Prize has been awarded to women 60 times between 1901 and 2022. These women have made outstanding contributions to the worlds of medicine, science, literature and son. Here are four of them.
Gertrude B. Elion—Physiology or Medicine
Gertrude Elion won the Nobel Prize for her discoveries of important principles for drug treatment. Elion had watched her grandfather die of cancer, so she decided to fight the disease throughout her life. Elion created a system for drug production that relies heavily on biochemistry.
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin—Chemistry
Dorothy Hodgkin was a British chemist whose interest in research began when, as a child, she received a chemistry book containing experiments with crystals. She studied at Oxford University and developed protein crystallography (蛋白晶体学), which advanced the development of X-rays. This earned her the Nobel Prize.
Toni Morrison—Literature
Toni Morrison, whose book Beloved earned her the Pulitzer Prize and the American Book Award, was the first Black woman to ever receive the Nobel Prize in Literature. Born in Ohio, Morrison was a writer whose works are mostly about life in the Black community. She taught writing and served as an honorary professor at Princeton University.
Esther Duflo—Economics
Esther Duflo shared her prize with her research colleagues Michael Kremer and Abhijit Banerjee, who is her husband. Duflo and her partners were awarded the Nobel Prize for their approach to fighting poverty around the world.
21. What won Gertrude B. Elion the Nobel Prize?
A. Her book about her grandfather.
B. Her research on medicine.
C. Her contribution to fighting poverty.
D. Her discovery of a new protein crystal.
22. What do Toni Morrison’s books mainly focus on?
A. Educational issues. B. Writing skills.
C. Community service. D. Black Americans’ life.
23. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Dorothy Hodgkin was an American chemist.
B. Michael Kremer won the Nobel Prize of Literature.
C. Esther Duflo shared the Nobel Prize together with others.
D. Toni Morrison was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.
B
A kid moved away from his friends of New Jersey to California, and then immediately solved a local problem with a brilliant invention.
Along with potentially winning himself a career in advertisement television with an excellent reveal video and excitable voice, Mathur, an 11th grade San Francisco, California student, has invented a fire-activated extinguisher (灭火器) — Fire-Activated-Canister-Extinguisher (F.A.C.E) — to protect the property of those he loves now that he lives in a state that has a wildfire “season”.
When a sensor (感应器) on the device heats up to a certain degree, a chemical burst within, releasing an eco-friendly fire-retardant (阻燃剂) spray 5-6 feet in all directions. The retardant can be re-filled quite easily.
Mathur planned to introduce the device via Kickstarter, which saw his goal of $10,000 reached in less than a day, and came with an offer of $99 for F.A.C.E, that will be sold for $120 when production begins. Mathur said that every penny of profit would go to providing F.A.C.E. donations to fire risk areas.
Indeed 5-6 feet of spray isn’t enough to stop large fires, but if enough devices are placed in strategic areas, neighborhoods or rural communities can work together to prevent brush fires from becoming wildfires, or living room fires from becoming house fires.
24. What can we know about Mathur?
A. He studies in New Jersey B. He is 11 years old.
C. He is engaged in singing. D. He is ready to help others.
25. What’s people’s attitude towards Mathur’s invention?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Ashamed.
26. What is the sensor sensitive to?
A. The fire-retardant. B. Temperatures. C. Directions. D. The distance
27. What does NOT the passage mention?
A. The price of the device. B. The shortages of the device.
C. The significance of the device. D. The development of the device.
C
A spoonful of pickles (榨菜) can sometimes make a meal taste better. Recently, a new type of pickle is being discussed — digital pickled vegetables. It refers to the videos people watch while eating. Many people think that the videos can make their food more delicious.
Instead of having meals with friends and family members, many young people in China are kept company by TV shows or short videos. Many believe that their food is tastier with the “digital pickles”.
Can this habit affect your diet? According to a research paper, you may be not conscious of eating more. The international research team asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns on four different days. The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone, reading magazines and without distraction (使人分心的事). After analyzing their diets, the team discovered that eating with a distraction increased caloric ingestion (卡路里摄入) by about 15 percent.
To explore the reason, the team also invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip about another person eating and the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. The results showed that the second group ate less since they were more focused on their meals. When we eat with the “digital pickles”, our attention can be distracted, which leads to eating more than expected.
This works not only for eating meals but other demanding tasks as well. A research project led by the University of Sussex, UK, pointed out that activities which require lots of attention trick many participants into overeating. The team invited 120 participants to do various tasks while providing them with drinks and snacks. “Our study suggests that if you’re eating or drinking while your attention is distracted by a highly engaging task, you’re less likely to be able to tell how full you feel,” one of the authors Martin Yeomans explained.
28. What do “digital pickles” refer to?
A. A new type of vegetables. B. Electronic products.
C. Videos people watch while eating. D. Digital games for families
29. What does the underlined word “conscious” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Aware. B. Worthy. C. Capable. D. Delightful.
30. Why do people eat more with “digital pickles” according to the passage?
A. They are focused more on their meals.
B. They are distracted by “digital pickles”.
C. The food tastes better with “digital pickles”.
D. The “digital pickles” make them feel hungrier.
31. Why does the author mention a different study in the last paragraph?
A. To explain how to tell you are full.
B. To show how to avoid being distracted.
C. To describe the effects of “digital pickles”.
D. To give another case that causes overeating.
D
Scientists have an unlikely new helper while exploring the earth’s crust (地壳) deep beneath the ocean: Fin whales. New research, published in Science, finds these fin whale calls’ sound waves can help create images of the seafloor down to 2.5 kilometres.
Seafloor imaging, which is important for studying things like earthquake mechanics and carbon storage capacity, usually uses large air guns that send waves of sound downwards. The sound waves go through the crust and bounce back to instruments on the seafloor, carrying information about the structures they travel through. But such surveys are expensive, and the guns’ explosive noise may interrupt sea creatures that use sound to communicate.
Vaclav Kuna, the study co-author, was studying earthquakes when he noticed strange readings on the seafloor seismic (地震的) instruments, which turned out to match the frequencies of fin whale calls. Whale songs often appear in such instruments’ records. Seismologists usually see these signals as annoyance. Kuna, however, noticed that the signals were not coming directly from the whales, but were echoes bouncing back from within the crust.
“This technique does have limitations,” Kuna says. Fin whale songs are limited in frequency, meaning the subsurface images are not as clear as those made with air guns.
Nevertheless, these whales are found almost everywhere except the ice-covered areas of the Arctic. The whale calls’ wide existence means they could provide new insight into old seismic datasets. “At least the whale songs can serve as an additional source of signals. They are free and they are always there. It’s a win-win.” Kuna says.
32. What do we know about seafloor imaging in Paragraph 2?
A. It may affect some sea animals.
B. It sends ray to get information.
C. It is not completely accurate.
D. It is economical-friendly.
33. What can we infer about fin whale calls?
A. They can help scientists to observe their behaviours.
B. They have different frequencies among fin whales.
C. They are likely to be used for seafloor imaging.
D. They are difficult to be recorded by seafloor seismic instruments.
34. What is the potential use of fin whale songs?
A. Exchanging messages between whales.
B. Working as an extra source of signals.
C. Providing useful insights into whales.
D. Exploring the ice-covered areas of the Arctic.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Fin Whale Calls Reveal Structure Beneath Ocean Floor
B. Fin Whales Communicate by Singing Special Songs
C. Fin Whale Protection Is a Win-win Move for All
D. Seafloor Imaging Helps to Locate More Resources
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Modern life is evolving fast. Think about how much things have changed even in the last twenty years. 36 If anything, it’s increasing. Technology is increasing the quality of human life in all kinds of ways.
The way that we approach motor vehicles has changed. 37 For a long time, electric vehicles were inaccessible. They were expensive and unattainable. Things have changed. Now electric automobiles are cheaper than ever. They are similarly priced as regular gas vehicles. Furthermore, car charging stations are more common. 38 Soon electric cars will be as common as gas vehicles. It is changing our way of life by reducing the pollution.
39 It shows great probabilities to continue to change the way we live for years to come, especially the entertainment. With a headset, you don’t just watch a video. You are a part of it. You can experience things digitally. It provides immersion that is difficult to accomplish otherwise.
Artificial intelligence (AI) uses machine learning to recognise patterns, create algorithms and analyze data. 40 AI can excel to the optimal point in effectiveness productivity. It is used for many different purposes. It can perform all kinds of tasks out of thin air.
A. This rate of change isn’t slowing down.
B. The technology is already being applied in many ways.
C. AI can combine all the information available to it.
D. Virtual reality (VR) is a part of technological advance.
E. Only time will tell if we can evolve with the technology.
F. More are being installed on the streets and in the parking lots.
G. Electric cars are the response to the pollution of gas vehicles.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a child I once read an article about the Pacific Crest Trail (太平洋屋脊步道) in National Geographic. It was a 41 of two men who walked 2,650 miles from Mexico to Canada with huge packs. It caught my eye, as I, too, dreamed of 42 in the wilderness. I’ve always remembered that story, but never believed I would actually 43 it. It was too far out of my 44 zone.
But then, at the age of 42, I 45 the 88 Temples Trail through Japan. There, I experienced 46 attractive it could be to hike alone. What 47 me most were the fantastic mountains, grand temples and generous local people. 48 , I managed to complete the trail in six weeks without any severe injuries. For the first time, I realized that I could 49 my dream of travelling around America one day.
When I shared my plan with friends and colleagues, the new was welcomed with 50 reactions. From some I got enthusiastic 51 . But from others there were frowns and question marks. Half a year away from my family was a challenge for me. 52 it wouldn’t defeat me. After all, six months is just a short 53 in a lifetime. After having worked hard for 20 years in shiny 54 , I felt the need for more adventures in my life. I hoped to down and look within, as well as 55 the unfamiliar things. I understood that I needed them both. As John Muir once put it, “Keep close to nature… and climb a mountain or spend week in the woods. Wash your spirit clean.”
41. A. news B. report C. story D. photo
42. A. adventures B. volunteers C. accidents D. advances
43. A. buy B. make C. shot D. trick
44. A. grief B. patience C. anger D. comfort
45. A. dived B. ran C. climbed D. hiked
46. A. what B. when C. how D. where
47. A. confused B. drafted C. charged D. impressed
48. A. Sadly B. Surprisingly C. Generously D. Bitterly
49. A. drop B. transfer C. achieve D. appreciate
50. A. mixed B. positive C. doubtful D. strange
51. A. criticism B. promises C. supports D. fault
52. A. However B. Therefore C. Thus D. Otherwise
53. A. pace B. mood C. load D. period
54. A. forest B. offices C. shelters D. desert
55. A. seek for B. settle for C. take after D. fall behind
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you afraid of clowns？You are not alone. Coulrophobia (小丑恐惧症) is a 56 (wide) recognised phenomenon. A study has 57 (do) to discover the reasons why people are afraid of clowns.
There are more than half the volunteers 58 (express) they were afraid of clowns at least to some degree, with 5% saying they felt extremely 59 (frighten). But among these people, very few have ever had 60 unpleasant experience with a clown.
Scientists discovered that negative descriptions of clowns in popular culture were a much 61 (strong) contributing factor to coulrophobia. This is understandable because most famous clowns in 62 (classic) and films are designed to be terrible.
Scientists also found that the strongest factor of coulrophobia comes from not being able to see clowns’ facial expressions due to 63 (they) make-up. People cannot see their “true” faces and cannot understand their emotional purpose. So, for example, people don’t know whether they have a frown or a furrowed brow, 64 would show anger. Not being able to be aware 65 what a clown is thinking or what they might do next makes some of us on edge when we are around them.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校举行了一个介绍中国传统节日的英文短视频创作比赛，你的英国笔友Paul来信想了解你的创作，请你根据以下内容提示与注意事项给他写一封英文回信。
内容提示：1. 比赛目的；
2. 你所选择的节日及其相关介绍。
注意事项：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Paul,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I worked as a nurse, I was on day duty while my workmates were on night duty. On one shift, I sensed something just before going off duty at 11 am. I put down the tray (托盘) on the table and suddenly it fell off the table. At first I thought I had accidentally knocked it over, but then I felt the whole building shaking and heard patients were screaming.
I realized that an earthquake was happening. I quickly caught hold of a nearby patient, who was terribly fearful and pushed her under a bed. And then, I got under another bed myself. As soon as the earthquake stopped, I decided to try and get the patient safely outside. I carried her out and helped her down to the grassland, where several other people had gathered.
Afraid that my other workmates were in danger, I went back inside the building again. When I met Lucy, our ward sister (护士长), I found her patient couldn’t walk. We made a seat for the patient by linking our hands and arms, and carried her outside together. We went back through the building to check no one was left behind in our ward (病房).
Just then, we saw that a man doctor was calling for volunteers to go down to other wards with him to help more people. So we went together. The doctor went ahead of us and found one of the nurses partially covered with rubble (碎石), luckily still alive. Suddenly, the aftershock (余震) struck and the doctor ordered us to leave. The brave doctor intended to stay alone and risk his own life to save the nurse.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, without any hesitation, we made up our minds to stay with the doctor and save the nurse together. ____
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Later in the afternoon, I had time to look around and saw some destroyed buildings. _______________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
2022—2023学年度（下）联合体高一期末检测
英 语
（满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答题时，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上
2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 答非选择题时，必须使用黑色墨水笔或黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上，写在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a studio. B. At a museum. C. At a hotel.
2. What causes the woman’s sleeping problem?
A. The schoolwork. B. The weather. C. The roommates.
3. Who will fix the computer up?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The technician.
4. What are the characters on the lanterns?
A. Riddles. B. Poems. C. Figures.
5. What is the man trying to do?
A. Give the first aid. B. Do swimming exercise. C. Relax himself.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman talk to the man?
A. To cancel their plan. B. To make an invitation. C. To ask for information.
7. What does the man decide to do this evening?
A. See a band show. B. Accompany his parents. C. Buy tickets online.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What was the weather like that night?
A. Windy. B. Stormy. C. Cloudy.
9. Where did the dog hide?
A. Under the sofa. B. Under the table. C. Under the bed.
10. What does the man think of the strangest thing?
A. It’s normal. B. It’s meaningless. C. It’s humorous.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did David do on his latest holiday?
A. He had a boat trip. B. He dived in the deep sea. C. He climbed a mountain.
12. What is on David’s list?
A. Gifts he needs to buy. B. Things he wishes to do. C. Dates he has to remember.
13. Which is the girl’s favourite place she has been to?
A. Australia. B. California. C. The Amazon.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What’s new in the newspaper?
A. A study about flowers. B. A new type of plants. C. A new taste of honey
15. Who were given the lessons about planting?
A. Teenagers. B. Soldiers. C. Doctors.
16. What do the speakers need to do today?
A. Cover some plants. B. Offer cooking recipes. C. Decorate the kitchen.
17. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Classmates.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is Positive Psychology about?
A. What’s wrong with us.
B. How to solve problems.
C. How to help people be happier.
19. What is Mihaly’s idea about happiness?
A. We should always look for happiness.
B. We are the happiest when totally focused.
C. Happiness is caused by things that happen to us.
20. What is the speaker going to introduce next?
A. More about the theory of flow.
B. The importance of the lecture.
C. The requirement of the course
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Nobel Prize has been awarded to women 60 times between 1901 and 2022. These women have made outstanding contributions to the worlds of medicine, science, literature and son. Here are four of them.
Gertrude B. Elion—Physiology or Medicine
Gertrude Elion won the Nobel Prize for her discoveries of important principles for drug treatment. Elion had watched her grandfather die of cancer, so she decided to fight the disease throughout her life. Elion created a system for drug production that relies heavily on biochemistry.
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin—Chemistry
Dorothy Hodgkin was a British chemist whose interest in research began when, as a child, she received a chemistry book containing experiments with crystals. She studied at Oxford University and developed protein crystallography (蛋白晶体学), which advanced the development of X-rays. This earned her the Nobel Prize.
Toni Morrison—Literature
Toni Morrison, whose book Beloved earned her the Pulitzer Prize and the American Book Award, was the first Black woman to ever receive the Nobel Prize in Literature. Born in Ohio, Morrison was a writer whose works are mostly about life in the Black community. She taught writing and served as an honorary professor at Princeton University.
Esther Duflo—Economics
Esther Duflo shared her prize with her research colleagues Michael Kremer and Abhijit Banerjee, who is her husband. Duflo and her partners were awarded the Nobel Prize for their approach to fighting poverty around the world.
21. What won Gertrude B. Elion the Nobel Prize?
A. Her book about her grandfather.
B. Her research on medicine.
C. Her contribution to fighting poverty.
D. Her discovery of a new protein crystal.
22. What do Toni Morrison’s books mainly focus on?
A. Educational issues. B. Writing skills.
C. Community service. D. Black Americans’ life.
23. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Dorothy Hodgkin was an American chemist.
B. Michael Kremer won the Nobel Prize of Literature.
C. Esther Duflo shared the Nobel Prize together with others.
D. Toni Morrison was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.
B
A kid moved away from his friends of New Jersey to California, and then immediately solved a local problem with a brilliant invention.
Along with potentially winning himself a career in advertisement television with an excellent reveal video and excitable voice, Mathur, an 11th grade San Francisco, California student, has invented a fire-activated extinguisher (灭火器) — Fire-Activated-Canister-Extinguisher (F.A.C.E) — to protect the property of those he loves now that he lives in a state that has a wildfire “season”.
When a sensor (感应器) on the device heats up to a certain degree, a chemical burst within, releasing an eco-friendly fire-retardant (阻燃剂) spray 5-6 feet in all directions. The retardant can be re-filled quite easily.
Mathur planned to introduce the device via Kickstarter, which saw his goal of $10,000 reached in less than a day, and came with an offer of $99 for F.A.C.E, that will be sold for $120 when production begins. Mathur said that every penny of profit would go to providing F.A.C.E. donations to fire risk areas.
Indeed 5-6 feet of spray isn’t enough to stop large fires, but if enough devices are placed in strategic areas, neighborhoods or rural communities can work together to prevent brush fires from becoming wildfires, or living room fires from becoming house fires.
24. What can we know about Mathur?
A. He studies in New Jersey B. He is 11 years old.
C. He is engaged in singing. D. He is ready to help others.
25. What’s people’s attitude towards Mathur’s invention?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Ashamed.
26. What is the sensor sensitive to?
A. The fire-retardant. B. Temperatures. C. Directions. D. The distance
27. What does NOT the passage mention?
A. The price of the device. B. The shortages of the device.
C. The significance of the device. D. The development of the device.
C
A spoonful of pickles (榨菜) can sometimes make a meal taste better. Recently, a new type of pickle is being discussed — digital pickled vegetables. It refers to the videos people watch while eating. Many people think that the videos can make their food more delicious.
Instead of having meals with friends and family members, many young people in China are kept company by TV shows or short videos. Many believe that their food is tastier with the “digital pickles”.
Can this habit affect your diet? According to a research paper, you may be not conscious of eating more. The international research team asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns on four different days. The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone, reading magazines and without distraction (使人分心的事). After analyzing their diets, the team discovered that eating with a distraction increased caloric ingestion (卡路里摄入) by about 15 percent.
To explore the reason, the team also invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip about another person eating and the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. The results showed that the second group ate less since they were more focused on their meals. When we eat with the “digital pickles”, our attention can be distracted, which leads to eating more than expected.
This works not only for eating meals but other demanding tasks as well. A research project led by the University of Sussex, UK, pointed out that activities which require lots of attention trick many participants into overeating. The team invited 120 participants to do various tasks while providing them with drinks and snacks. “Our study suggests that if you’re eating or drinking while your attention is distracted by a highly engaging task, you’re less likely to be able to tell how full you feel,” one of the authors Martin Yeomans explained.
28. What do “digital pickles” refer to?
A. A new type of vegetables. B. Electronic products.
C. Videos people watch while eating. D. Digital games for families
29. What does the underlined word “conscious” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Aware. B. Worthy. C. Capable. D. Delightful.
30. Why do people eat more with “digital pickles” according to the passage?
A. They are focused more on their meals.
B. They are distracted by “digital pickles”.
C. The food tastes better with “digital pickles”.
D. The “digital pickles” make them feel hungrier.
31. Why does the author mention a different study in the last paragraph?
A. To explain how to tell you are full.
B. To show how to avoid being distracted.
C. To describe the effects of “digital pickles”.
D. To give another case that causes overeating.
D
Scientists have an unlikely new helper while exploring the earth’s crust (地壳) deep beneath the ocean: Fin whales. New research, published in Science, finds these fin whale calls’ sound waves can help create images of the seafloor down to 2.5 kilometres.
Seafloor imaging, which is important for studying things like earthquake mechanics and carbon storage capacity, usually uses large air guns that send waves of sound downwards. The sound waves go through the crust and bounce back to instruments on the seafloor, carrying information about the structures they travel through. But such surveys are expensive, and the guns’ explosive noise may interrupt sea creatures that use sound to communicate.
Vaclav Kuna, the study co-author, was studying earthquakes when he noticed strange readings on the seafloor seismic (地震的) instruments, which turned out to match the frequencies of fin whale calls. Whale songs often appear in such instruments’ records. Seismologists usually see these signals as annoyance. Kuna, however, noticed that the signals were not coming directly from the whales, but were echoes bouncing back from within the crust.
“This technique does have limitations,” Kuna says. Fin whale songs are limited in frequency, meaning the subsurface images are not as clear as those made with air guns.
Nevertheless, these whales are found almost everywhere except the ice-covered areas of the Arctic. The whale calls’ wide existence means they could provide new insight into old seismic datasets. “At least the whale songs can serve as an additional source of signals. They are free and they are always there. It’s a win-win.” Kuna says.
32. What do we know about seafloor imaging in Paragraph 2?
A. It may affect some sea animals.
B. It sends ray to get information.
C. It is not completely accurate.
D. It is economical-friendly.
33. What can we infer about fin whale calls?
A. They can help scientists to observe their behaviours.
B. They have different frequencies among fin whales.
C. They are likely to be used for seafloor imaging.
D. They are difficult to be recorded by seafloor seismic instruments.
34. What is the potential use of fin whale songs?
A. Exchanging messages between whales.
B. Working as an extra source of signals.
C. Providing useful insights into whales.
D. Exploring the ice-covered areas of the Arctic.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Fin Whale Calls Reveal Structure Beneath Ocean Floor
B. Fin Whales Communicate by Singing Special Songs
C. Fin Whale Protection Is a Win-win Move for All
D. Seafloor Imaging Helps to Locate More Resources
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Modern life is evolving fast. Think about how much things have changed even in the last twenty years. 36 If anything, it’s increasing. Technology is increasing the quality of human life in all kinds of ways.
The way that we approach motor vehicles has changed. 37 For a long time, electric vehicles were inaccessible. They were expensive and unattainable. Things have changed. Now electric automobiles are cheaper than ever. They are similarly priced as regular gas vehicles. Furthermore, car charging stations are more common. 38 Soon electric cars will be as common as gas vehicles. It is changing our way of life by reducing the pollution.
39 It shows great probabilities to continue to change the way we live for years to come, especially the entertainment. With a headset, you don’t just watch a video. You are a part of it. You can experience things digitally. It provides immersion that is difficult to accomplish otherwise.
Artificial intelligence (AI) uses machine learning to recognise patterns, create algorithms and analyze data. 40 AI can excel to the optimal point in effectiveness productivity. It is used for many different purposes. It can perform all kinds of tasks out of thin air.
A. This rate of change isn’t slowing down.
B. The technology is already being applied in many ways.
C. AI can combine all the information available to it.
D. Virtual reality (VR) is a part of technological advance.
E. Only time will tell if we can evolve with the technology.
F. More are being installed on the streets and in the parking lots.
G. Electric cars are the response to the pollution of gas vehicles.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a child I once read an article about the Pacific Crest Trail (太平洋屋脊步道) in National Geographic. It was a 41 of two men who walked 2,650 miles from Mexico to Canada with huge packs. It caught my eye, as I, too, dreamed of 42 in the wilderness. I’ve always remembered that story, but never believed I would actually 43 it. It was too far out of my 44 zone.
But then, at the age of 42, I 45 the 88 Temples Trail through Japan. There, I experienced 46 attractive it could be to hike alone. What 47 me most were the fantastic mountains, grand temples and generous local people. 48 , I managed to complete the trail in six weeks without any severe injuries. For the first time, I realized that I could 49 my dream of travelling around America one day.
When I shared my plan with friends and colleagues, the new was welcomed with 50 reactions. From some I got enthusiastic 51 . But from others there were frowns and question marks. Half a year away from my family was a challenge for me. 52 it wouldn’t defeat me. After all, six months is just a short 53 in a lifetime. After having worked hard for 20 years in shiny 54 , I felt the need for more adventures in my life. I hoped to down and look within, as well as 55 the unfamiliar things. I understood that I needed them both. As John Muir once put it, “Keep close to nature… and climb a mountain or spend week in the woods. Wash your spirit clean.”
41. A. news B. report C. story D. photo
42. A. adventures B. volunteers C. accidents D. advances
43. A. buy B. make C. shot D. trick
44. A. grief B. patience C. anger D. comfort
45. A. dived B. ran C. climbed D. hiked
46. A. what B. when C. how D. where
47. A. confused B. drafted C. charged D. impressed
48. A. Sadly B. Surprisingly C. Generously D. Bitterly
49. A. drop B. transfer C. achieve D. appreciate
50. A. mixed B. positive C. doubtful D. strange
51. A. criticism B. promises C. supports D. fault
52. A. However B. Therefore C. Thus D. Otherwise
53. A. pace B. mood C. load D. period
54. A. forest B. offices C. shelters D. desert
55. A. seek for B. settle for C. take after D. fall behind
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you afraid of clowns？You are not alone. Coulrophobia (小丑恐惧症) is a 56 (wide) recognised phenomenon. A study has 57 (do) to discover the reasons why people are afraid of clowns.
There are more than half the volunteers 58 (express) they were afraid of clowns at least to some degree, with 5% saying they felt extremely 59 (frighten). But among these people, very few have ever had 60 unpleasant experience with a clown.
Scientists discovered that negative descriptions of clowns in popular culture were a much 61 (strong) contributing factor to coulrophobia. This is understandable because most famous clowns in 62 (classic) and films are designed to be terrible.
Scientists also found that the strongest factor of coulrophobia comes from not being able to see clowns’ facial expressions due to 63 (they) make-up. People cannot see their “true” faces and cannot understand their emotional purpose. So, for example, people don’t know whether they have a frown or a furrowed brow, 64 would show anger. Not being able to be aware 65 what a clown is thinking or what they might do next makes some of us on edge when we are around them.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校举行了一个介绍中国传统节日的英文短视频创作比赛，你的英国笔友Paul来信想了解你的创作，请你根据以下内容提示与注意事项给他写一封英文回信。
内容提示：1. 比赛目的；
2. 你所选择的节日及其相关介绍。
注意事项：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Paul,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I worked as a nurse, I was on day duty while my workmates were on night duty. On one shift, I sensed something just before going off duty at 11 am. I put down the tray (托盘) on the table and suddenly it fell off the table. At first I thought I had accidentally knocked it over, but then I felt the whole building shaking and heard patients were screaming.
I realized that an earthquake was happening. I quickly caught hold of a nearby patient, who was terribly fearful and pushed her under a bed. And then, I got under another bed myself. As soon as the earthquake stopped, I decided to try and get the patient safely outside. I carried her out and helped her down to the grassland, where several other people had gathered.
Afraid that my other workmates were in danger, I went back inside the building again. When I met Lucy, our ward sister (护士长), I found her patient couldn’t walk. We made a seat for the patient by linking our hands and arms, and carried her outside together. We went back through the building to check no one was left behind in our ward (病房).
Just then, we saw that a man doctor was calling for volunteers to go down to other wards with him to help more people. So we went together. The doctor went ahead of us and found one of the nurses partially covered with rubble (碎石), luckily still alive. Suddenly, the aftershock (余震) struck and the doctor ordered us to leave. The brave doctor intended to stay alone and risk his own life to save the nurse.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, without any hesitation, we made up our minds to stay with the doctor and save the nurse together. ____
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Later in the afternoon, I had time to look around and saw some destroyed buildings. _______________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
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