人教版英语中考一轮复习语法必考点讲练---介词（含习题）

这是一份人教版英语中考一轮复习语法必考点讲练---介词（含习题），共10页。试卷主要包含了 时间介词用法辨析，地点方位介词用法辨析，方式介词用法辨析，因果介词用法辨析，包括／排除介词用法辨析，介词的特殊用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中考一轮复习语法必考点---介词
精讲
一.介词用法辨析
1. 时间介词用法辨析
1)具体时间:
at: 后接时刻或较短的具体时间

on:后接具体某天的上午／下午／晚上、星期、日期、节假日等特定的时间

in:后接上午／下午／晚上、月、季、年、世纪等较长的一段时间
后接时间段，表示“在某段时间之内或之后”

2)时间前后:
before:在某时之前，不包含某时

after:在······之后，后接事件、时间点或时间段

3)时间起点:
from:从某一时间点开始，常与to连用

since:后接时间点，指从过去某时起延续到现在，常与完成时连用

4)时间期间:
for:后接时间段，强调某动作或状态持续了多长时间

during:多指事件发生“在······期间”，也指“在······期间的某个时候”

through:强调事件进行的全过程，表示“从·······开始到········结束”

beyond：强调超过或晚于某一时间

5)时间结点
by:后接时间点，表示“到某时为止动作已完成”

until:用在否定句中，表示“直到········才”
用在肯定句中，表示“直到. . . . .为止”

2.地点方位介词用法辨析
1)at：后接小地方；也指某个具体位置，表示“在某地”

in：后接大地方；也可指“在······里”

2) （lie) in:表示前者在后者的区域范围内

（lie) to:表示两地相隔一定距离（不接壤）

（lie) on:表示两地相邻（接壤，但互不管辖）

3)to:向，往，强调到达

toward (s):向，往，强调方向

4)on:与物体的表面相接触；也指在任何广阔的面上

above:不接触物体表面的上方，不一定是正上方；也指“高于·. . . . . ”

below:不接触物体表面的下方，不一定是正下方；也指“低于·. . . . ”

over:不接触物体表面的正上方

under:不接触物体表面的正下方

5)around:在·········四周

beyond:超出·······范围

6)between:表示两者之间，常与and连用

among:表示三者或三者以上之间

7)past:“经过／走过”某地

through:“穿过”某个立体空间（如：窗户、沙漠、森林等）

over:“越过”某障碍物（如：山、树、墙、篱笆等）

across:“横过”某物的表面，从一边到另一边

across from:在·······对面

8)in front of:在······前面（外部）

in the front of:在·······前部（内部）

9)at the back of:在······的后面

behind:在······的后面；
也可表“支持”
10)down:沿着，有“向下，向远处”之意，go down区分上下，有两头的概念

along:沿着、顺着，所接名词通常为形状狭长的事物，go along强调水平方向，不分路两头

11)next to:紧靠······;在·······旁边

near:多指空间或时间上“不远的，接近的”；其反义词为far from

by:在······旁边，常与beside 互换

beside:在旁边；在附近

12)inside:在······里面

outside:在······外面

13)onto:到另一个平面上

into:从外面进入

out of:从·······中出来

off:离开；从·······移开

3.方式介词用法辨析
1)表示“交通方式”:
by: by+交通工具或与交通工具相关的名词

in: in+限定词＋交通工具，表示“在······里”

on: on+限定词＋交通工具，表示“在···上”（on foot除外）

2)表示“工具、材料、手段”等
with:with+(限定词＋）具体的工具或方法

in: in+某种语言或材料

by: by+某种手段或方法

through: through+具体途径或手段，具有较强的中介性

on:on+电视／录音机／电话／网络等

拓展：
（1） 表示“交通方式”的句型转换：
介词by/in/on也可以转换为动词walk/take/ride,
如：My classmates went to Three Gorges Museum on foot yesterday.
=My classmates walked to Three Gorges Museum yesterday.
我同学昨天步行去了三峡博物馆。

She'll get there by bus/on a bus on Sunday.
=She'll take a bus to get there on Sunday.
星期天她将乘公共汽车去那里。

Do you often go to school by bike/on a bike?
= Do you often ride a bike to school?
你经常骑自行车去学校吗？

4.因果介词用法辨析
for:意为“因为，由于”，表示理由或原因

because of:意为“由于，因为”，为普通用语，较口语化

due to:意为“由·····造成”，强调造成某种后果的原因

thanks to:意为“多亏，由于”，多用于好的方面，相当于感谢

拓展：
（1） because of 与because的区别：
because of 是短语介词，后接名词、代词、动名词（短语）：
because是连词，后接句子，
如：We have to put off holding our sports meeting because of the bad weather.
由于坏天气，我们不得不推迟举办运动会。
Chen likes his job because he can meet many different people.
陈很喜欢他的工作，因为他可以遇到很多不同的人。

（2） thanks to与 thanks for的区别：
thanks to是短语介词，意为“多亏，由于”：
thanks for是“复数名词＋介词”结构，意为“因······而感谢”。
如：Thanks to the leacher,I've made great progress.
多亏了老师，我取得了很大的进步。
Thanks for designing an app for English writing.
感谢您设计出用于英文写作的应用程序。

5.包括／排除介词用法辨析
including:意为“包括······在内”，含有补充说明之意

but:意为“除······之外”；与表否定意义的词连用时，意为“只有”

besides:意为“除······外，还有. . . . . ”，侧重指除主干句内容外还有besides后的内容

except:意为“除了·. . . . . ”，侧重指同类事物中除去except后的内容

except for:意为“除了·. . . . ”，侧重指不同类事物中的排除，即except for前后内容不在一个维度上

6.介词的特殊用法
by:意为“被，由”，用于被动结构，引出动作的实施者

in:后接颜色，表示“穿着特点”
后接声音，表示“声调特点”
用于最高级句型中，侧重范围，表区域

of:用于最高级句型中，侧重范围，表对象
用于所有格，表示所属关系
用于形容词句型中，描述人的性格、品质

for:用于形容词句型中，描述事物的性质、特征
意为“为，给；由于；对······而言”

against:意为“反对，违背”，其反义词为for

with:意为“和·····一起”
意为“带有；附有”，也可表伴随

without:意为“没有”，其反义词为with

about:意为“关于”，多用于讲故事、谈话、思考、简单或浅显的论述等

on:意为“关于”，多用于系统论述或专题讲演、论著等，具有学术性

to:意为“对着”，表对象

from:表示“来自，源于”；也可与to连用，表示从某地到另一地

as:意为“作为”

like:意为“像；·······怎么样”

under:意为“不足，低于”
意为“由·······控制；受······影响”

拓展：
（1） as/like意为“像”时的区别：
当读及不同的人，事物或动作之间的相同点时，as和like均可以使用，
此时like是介词，后面可跟名词，代词或动名词：
而as是连词和副词，可以引导从句或与介词短语连用。
如：Remember to adways love yourself and love others as you love yourself.
记住要永远爱自己，并像爱自己一样爱别人.（as为连词）
Patty got home after school as usual. 帕蒂像往常一样放学回家。（as为副词）
I apologized and prormised that I would not do anything like that again.
我道歉，并保证不再做类似的事情。（like 为介词）

二.常考介词固定搭配
1.介词+名词

at last 最后
al the age of. . 在（某人）. . . .岁时
at the moment 此刻
at home 在家
at present 现在
at the same time 同时



on duty 值日
on sale 降价出售
on foot 步行
on time 准时
on the Internet 在因特网上
on the left/right在左／右边
on one's way to在某人去······的路上
on (the)one hand...on the other hand...一方面·····另一方面. . . .



in time 及时
in person 亲自
in silence 沉默
in fact 事实上
in a hurry 匆忙
in the face of 面对
in need/trouble 处于困境中
in this way 用这种方式
in the end 最后
in a minute 立刻
in danger 在危险中
in one's way 挡某人的路
in public 公开地
in order 整齐有序
in a way在某种程度上



by the way顺便说一下
by accident 偶然
by mistake 错误地


2.名词＋介词

lack of 缺乏
a pair of 一双
a couple of 一对
the key to······的关键
the answer to·····的答案
talent for······的天赋


3.动词＋介词

laugh at 嘲笑
look after照顾
worry about 担心
leam about 了解
hear from 收到······的来信
shout at 冲······大声叫嚷
listen to 听
look at 看
belong to 属于
talk about 谈论
learn from 向······学习
die of死于（内因）
ask for 请求
look for 寻找
care about 担心：关心
think about 思考
hear of 听说
die from死于（外因）
be made in产于（某地）
be made from由······制作（看不出原材料）
be made of由····制作（可看出原材料）


4.be+形容词＋介词

be afraid of 害怕
be full of 充满. . . .
be careful of/with/about 小心
be good to 对······和善
be strict with/aboul对······要求严格
be proud of 感到自豪
be angry with 生······的气
be good at 擅长
be good with 善于应对·. . . . .
be satisfied with对······感到满意
be late for 迟到
be busy with 忙于. . . .
be good for 对·······有好处
be interested in 对······感兴趣
be different from与······不同
be famous/known for以·····闻名
be famous/known as作为······而闻名
be famous/known to为······所知


5.其他

at least至少
at once 立即
al most至多
after all 毕竟
at first 首先
around/all over the world 全世界
with the development of随着·······的发展
to one's surprise使某人惊讶的是
with the help of sth. /sb.在某物／某人的帮助下


精练
一．完成句子
1.Linda is leaving for Guangzhou when class is over.(改为同义句）
Linda is leaving for Guangzhou_________________.
2.我们每年三月植树。
We plant trees______________every year.
3.窗户旁边有一架钢琴。
There is a piano_____________________.
4.如果人们遇上麻烦，我们应该帮助他们。
If people are__________________, we should help them.
5.你至少要花半个小时才能到达那里。
It'll take you______________half an hour to get there.

二．单项选择
1. -Mr. Mu, when did the earthquake in Ya'an, Sichuan happen?
一_____8: 02_______the morning of April 20th, 2013.
A. On;in B. At;on C. At;in D. On;on
2. It's good for us to drink milk_______the morning.
A.at B.on C.in D.from
3. Shall we stop and wait for others? They will catch up______a few minutes.
A.at B.on C.in D.for
4. Many young people put mobile gaming_______anything else, thinking little of their normal lives.
A.along with B.behind C.before D.in front of
5. They usually go shopping________their lunch break.
A. against B.among C.between D.during
6. I'm looking after Tom today. He's been in my house______8: 00 this morning.
A.at B.since C.for D.till
7. We're leaving tomorrow. We will be away_______next Friday.
A.from B.until C.on D.since

8. _______ all his pocket money, Dan bought a present for his mother on Mother's Day.
A. With B. For C. By D. In
9. Taiwan lies_____the east of Fujian, _______the southeast of China.
A.on;in B.to;in C.on;to
10. -This problem is far_______me, I'm afraid I can't work it out.
－Don't worry, we will help you.
A.beyond B.beside C.behind D.between
11. -Oh, my god! I've left my keys in the room. I'll have to get in______the window.
－It's dangerous. You'd better wait for your mom to come back.
A.past B.over C.across D.through
12. -Excuse me,where is the bookstore?
－Go_____the bridge. You'll see it on your left.
A.on B.cross C.across D.through
13. It's so cold outside. Remember to close the door_______you when you leave.
A.beside B.before C.with D.behind
14. -What's this______English?
－It's a map.
A.on B.in C.to D.for
15. _____free education, more and more poor children can go back to school in the mountain.
A. Without B. Thanks to C. Instead of
16. -Did you have a sports meeting yesterday?
－No,we didn't. It was put off_______the heavy rain.
A.instead of B.because of C.as for D.across from
17. Many cities in China,______Beijing, have been deeply affected by dirty air.
A.including B.behind C.without D.beyond
18. -A person's life is like a road________lots of difficulties.
－Yes, so we need positive energy.
A.by B.with C.along D.during
19. -She sold her treasures to cure her mother's illness,even though it was____her own wishes.
－It's so kind______her.
A.against;of B.above;of C.on;for D.for,for
20. The "teacher-free exam" means that students take their exams_______teachers.Students must be more honest.
A.without B.against C.through
21. -Hurry up. It's almost time for school.
－Don't worry. We are sure to be at school______.
A. at times B.on time C.all the time D.by the time
22. -If someone is______your way,what will you do?
－I will wait until he or she moves instead of pushing past.
A.in B.on C.by D.along
23. Cao Yinpeng is a 9-year-old Chinese boy. He is known_____saving his father's life.
A.for B.at C.by
24. -How was your life in England?
－Quite different from here.______，people there drink tea with milk.
A. In my opinion B. To my surprise C. At the beginning
25. Don't ask him to study too late into night. ______, he is only a child.
A. As a result B. After all C. On earth D. For example



参考答案：
一．1.after class 2.in March 3.by(the side of)/beside the window 4.in trouble 5.at least

二．1-5BCCCD 6-10BBABA 11-15DCDBB 16-20BABAA 21-25BAABB