2023高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题强化练七主旨大意题__标题归纳类

专题强化练（七）　主旨大意题——标题归纳类

A

[2022·广州普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）]Several years ago，Jason Box，a scientist from Ohio，flew 31 giant rolls of white plastic to a glacier （冰川） in Greenland.He and his team spread them across 10，000 feet of ice，and then left.His idea was that the white blanket would reflect back the rays of the sun，keeping the ice below cool.When he came back to check the results，he found it worked.The exposed ice had melted faster than the covered ice.He had not only saved two feet of the glacier in a short time.No coal plants were shut down，no jobs were lost，and nobody was taxed or fired.It was just the sort of fix we're looking for.

“Thank you，but no thank you，”said Ralph King，a climate scientist.He told Grey Childs，author and commentator，that“people think technology can save the planet，but there are other things we need to deal with，like consumption.They burned $50，000 just for the helicopter to bring the plastic to the glacier.”This experiment，gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed without changing human behaviour.It can't.Technology won't give us a free ride.

Individuals respond to climate change differently.Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly alone in her prediction that someday soon we won't be climate victims—we will be climate choosers.More scientists agree with her that if the human race survives，the engineers will get smarter，the tools will get better，and one day we will control the climate.But what then？“Just the mention of us controlling the climate sent a small shiver down my back，”Grey writes.“Something sounded wrong about stopping ice ages by our own will，”he says.

Me？I like it better when the earth takes care of itself.I guess one day we will have to run the place，but for the moment，sitting at my desk，looking out at the trees bending wildly and the wind howling，I'm happy not to be in charge.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。以一个付出巨大代价保护冰川的实例告诉人们，看起来气候变化可以在不改变人类行为的情况下得到解决。但不同的人对此有不同的看法，比如有人认为科技不能帮助人类在不改变自身行为的前提下修正气候变化；有人对人类控制气候的说法感到一丝恐惧等。

1.Why does the author mention Jason Box's experiment in the first paragraph？

A.To introduce a possible solution to climate change.

B.To describe a misleading attempt to fix the climate.

C.To report on a successful experiment on saving the glacier.

D.To arouse people's attention to the problem of global warming.

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This experiment...give us a free ride”可知，作者认为这个实验会给人们一种错误的希望，但其实气候变化在不改变人类行为的情况下不能得到修正。由此可知，作者在第一段提到Jason Box的实验是为了描述一次具有误导性的修正气候的尝试。

答案：B

2.Which statement would Ralph King most probably agree with？

A.The fight against climate change will not succeed.

B.Technology is not the final solution，let alone its high cost.

C.It's best to deal with climate change without changing our behaviour.

D.Jason's experiment plays a significant role in fixing climate change.

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段Ralph King所说的话可推知，Ralph King认为用科技解决气候问题花费高，且科技不是最终解决方案。

答案：B

3.What is Grey Childs' attitude to human's controlling the climate？

A.Favourable.　　　　　　 B.Tolerant.

C.Doubtful.   D.Unclear.

解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Just the mention...back”“Something sounded...by our own will”可知，Grey Childs认为人类控制气候听起来就有点让人害怕，故Grey Childs对此持怀疑态度。

答案：C

4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？

A.But should we fix the climate？

B.Is climate change a real problem？

C.How can we take care of the earth？

D.What if all the glaciers disappeared？

解析：主旨大意题。第一段作者介绍了Jason Box拯救冰川的实验；第二段作者认为此次实验传递给人们错误的希望，并认为在不改变人类行为的情况下科技不能修正气候变化；第三段作者介绍了不同人对人类控制气候的看法；第四段作者认为地球有自己的规律，我们应顺其自然。故本文可用A项（但是我们应该修正气候吗？）作标题。

答案：A

B

（2022·武汉武昌区高三质检）Do you want to level up your mask­wearing while also looking like you're about to battle with Batman？This is life­wearing Razer Zephyr，a wearable air purifier.A version of Razer's latest appliance made waves in January during the Consumer Electronics Show.

It's no surprise that tech companies are considering a leap beyond cloth and surgical masks that have come to define the COVID­19 pandemic.It has a hard shell with two belts to fit onto your head.There are two air exchange chambers（腔）on the front，featuring double circulating fans to help circulate cool air.The chambers feature N5 filters（过滤器）providing two­way protection for you and those around you.It's also transparent（透明的）with inside lights and an anti­fog coating to help solve one of the key issues with mask­wearing：watching mouths move when you speak.

Good as the mask appears，will it protect you from COVID­19？According to Razer，the mask is registered with the Food and Drug Administration and lab tested for 99% BFE，or Bacterial Filtration Efficiency，a measure of how well it filters out bacteria.“It is not tested specifically against the COVID­19 virus，but offers the same functionality and adequate protection due to its 99% BFE rating，”Razer's website says.

There's also the financial cost to consider.The mask itself is $99，and Razer sells a pack of 10 sets of N95 filters for $30.By comparison，a quick search for Surgical masks on a shopping website turned up a box of 50 masks for between $11­$14.

“I've tried out the $99 Zephyr for roughly a week now.Wearing the Zephyr feels comfortable.The adjustable head straps（带）allow for the ideal fit.Above all，it feels breathable thanks to the air circulating through its fans，” one commented on the shopping website .

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。主要介绍了一款可穿戴空气净化器，这种设备可以有效预防新型冠状病毒。文章具体介绍了这种设备的工作原理、使用感受等。

5.Why is the Zephyr made transparent？

A.To fix lights inside.

B.To circulate cool air.

C.To test the anti­fog coating.

D.To expose mouth movement.

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“It's also transparent（透明的）with...when you speak”可知，该设备被制成透明的是为了在说话时人们可以观察到嘴巴的活动。

答案：D

6.What can be inferred from the third paragraph about the Zephyr？

A.It's officially approved.

B.It's highly rated by consumers.

C.It's specially designed against COVID­19.

D.It's adequately protective against all viruses.

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句中的“According to Razer...Drug Administration”可知，这款口罩已在美国食品药品监督管理局注册。据此可以推知，该设备已经通过官方批准。

答案：A

7.What probably appeal（s）to the buyer most according to the comment？

A.Its adjustable fans.

B.Its air circulating system.

C.Its comfortable head straps.

D.Its high but reasonable price.

解析：细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Above all，...through its fans”可知，该设备的空气循环系统是最吸引买家的地方。

答案：B

8.What is the best title for the passage？

A.An Innovative Mask Makes a Hit

B.Surgical Masks Are Being Improved

C.Wearable Technology Changes Our Life

D.A New Treatment for COVID­19 Is on the Way

解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段第一、二句为全文的主题句，又结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了研制成功的一款创新面具：可穿戴的空气净化器。故A项最适合作本文标题。

答案：A

C

Jose Hernandez made his dream of becoming an astronaut a reality and he did so despite unbelievable difficulties.

“I was working in a field near Stockton，and I heard on my radio that Franklin Chang­Diaz had been selected for the Astronaut Corps，”said Jose，who was a senior in high school at the time.“I was already interested in science and engineering，”Jose remembered.“But that was the moment I said，‘I want to fly in space.’”

As one of four children in a migrant（移民）farming family from Mexico，Jose—who didn't learn English until he was 12 years old—spent much of his childhood traveling with his family from Mexico to southern California each March，then working northward to the Stockton area by November，picking strawberries and cucumbers at farms along the route.They would then return to Mexico for Christmas and start the cycle all over again in the spring.“Some kids might think it would be fun to travel like that，”Jose laughed.“But we had to work.”

After graduating from high school，Jose was admitted into the University of the Pacific.In 1987，he accepted a full­time job with Lawrence National Laboratory.In 2001，Jose joined the Johnson Space Centre，where he came face­to­face with Franklin Chang­Diaz.

“We actually had common experiences—a similar upbringing，the same language issues.That built up my confidence.Any barriers that existed，he had already overcome them，”Jose smiled.“Now it's my turn！”

“NASA rejected me not once，not twice，not three times but 11 times.It wasn't until the 12th time that I got selected，”he said.Jose was selected as part of the 19th class of astronauts in 2004.He circled the globe 217 times but remains a down to Earth guy.

Jose Hernandez received the 2016 National Hispanic Hero Award and he continues his long history in the field of engineering and space.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了出身农民家庭的Jose在中学时期受Franklin Chang­Diaz的事迹激励而梦想成为一名宇航员，他为此付出了极大的努力并最终取得了傲人的成绩，实现梦想的故事。

9.What made Jose determined to be an astronaut？

A.The influence of Astronaut Corps.

B.The success of Franklin Chang­Diaz.

C.His interest in science and engineering.

D.The experience of working in the field.

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“and I heard on my radio that Franklin Chang­Diaz had been selected for the Astronaut Corps”和“But that was the moment I said，‘I want to fly in space.’”可知，当Jose通过收音机得知Franklin Chang­Diaz被选为宇航员的那一刻，早就对理工科感兴趣的他立志成为一名宇航员。

答案：B

10.What can we learn about Jose as a child？

A.He did much farm work.

B.He traveled a lot for fun.

C.He hated learning English.

D.He obeyed his family in everything.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Jose来自墨西哥的移民农民家庭，他童年时做了大量的农活；且在12岁之前，他没有学过英语。

答案：A

11.How did Jose feel when he met Franklin Chang­Diaz personally？

A.Inspired.   B.Valued.

C.Relaxed.   D.Puzzled.

解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，当Jose见到Franklin Chang­Diaz本人时，他意识到他俩有很多共同经历，这包括他目前遇到的障碍，但对方都已经克服了这些障碍，这使得Jose充满信心。由此可推知，他很受鼓舞。

答案：A

12.What can be a suitable title for the text？

A.Climb over Barriers

B.Reach for the Stars

C.Work the Hard Way

D.Learn from Your Past

解析：标题归纳题。通读全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了出身农民家庭的Jose为了成为一名宇航员付出了极大的努力，最终实现梦想，飞上了太空的故事。B项（有崇高的目标）能概括文章大意，适合作文章标题。

答案：B