初中英语Unit 2 If you ever go to London, make sure you visit the Science Museum.优秀精练

这是一份初中英语Unit 2 If you ever go to London, make sure you visit the Science Museum.优秀精练，文件包含Module5课时18Unit2IfyouevergotoLondonmakesureyouvisittheScienceMuseum教师版-九年级英语同步精品讲义外研版doc、Module5课时18Unit2IfyouevergotoLondonmakesureyouvisittheScienceMuseum学生版-九年级英语同步精品讲义外研版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共27页， 欢迎下载使用。


目标导航



知识精讲

知识点01Welcme t the mst friendly museum in Lndn. 欢迎来到伦敦最友好的博物馆。
【考点1】friendly意为“友好的”，通常在句中作表语，其比较级形式为friendlier，其最高级形式为friendliest。短语be friendly t sb.意为“对某人友好”。如：
We shuld be friendly t ur classmates. 我们应该对我们的同学友好。
Wh is the friendliest t yu, Lucy, Lily r Mary? 谁对你最友好，露西，莉莉还是玛丽？
知识点02In mst museums, there is n shuting and n running, and yu must nt tuch anything. 大多数博物馆都禁止喧哗、乱跑，而且禁止触摸任何东西。
【考点2】must 是情态动词，意为“必须；一定”，具有根据主观愿望，命令、要求某人做某事的意味，后跟动词原形。must没有人称和数的变化。must nt (mustn’t)意为“不允许；禁止”，表示禁止做某事。如：
Yu mustn’t smke in public places. 公共场所禁止吸烟。
Yu must finish yur hmewrk n time. 你必须按时完成这项工作。
知识点03Peple talk abut what they can see and d here, and there are sme very nisy machines as well. 人们谈论他们在这里能看到和能做的事情。博物馆内也有些噪声很大的机器。
【考点3】【辨析】as well，als，t与either的用法辨析：
①as well意为“也，同样地”，一般位于肯定句句末，与t两者可以互换，但as well前不加逗号。如：
She knws English. She knws French as well. 她懂英语，她也懂法语。
I went shpping yesterday, my English teacher went shpping as well. 我昨天去购物，我的英语老师昨天也去购物。
②als意为“也，还”，常用在肯定句或疑问句中，通常位于行为动词前，be动词、助动词或情态动词后。如：
My sister als wants t g t the cncert. 我姐姐也想去音乐会。
My parent s are als my friends and helpers. 我的父母也是我的朋友和帮手。
③t意为“也”，常用在肯定句句末, 常用逗号和前面的句子隔开，有时也可以不用逗号和前面的句子隔开。如：
He can speak English, I can speak, t. 他会说英语，我也会说。
Tm is gd at math, I am gd at math, t. 汤姆擅长数学，我也擅长数学。
④either意为“也”，常用在否定句句末，词前加逗号和前面的句子隔开。如：
Bill isn’t shrt, I’m nt, either. 比尔不矮，我也不矮。
I can’t swim, Mary can’t swim, either. 我不会游泳，玛丽也不会。
知识点04If yu want answers t all yur questins abut science, this is the right place fr yu.
如果你想要得到关于科学的所有问题的答案，你来对地方了。
【考点4】(the)answers t...意为“……的答案”，answer是名词，其后用介词t。类似用法：the key t...……的钥匙。如：
What was the answer t questin 4? 问题4的答案是什么？// This is the key t the dr. 这是门的钥匙。
知识点05Yu can learn abut cmmunicatins and the envirnment as well as maths, physics and chemistry. 你不仅可以了解数学、物理学和化学知识，而且还能了解通讯和环境知识。
【考点5】cmmunicatin是名词，意为“通讯(复数)；交流；沟通”，其动词形式为cmmunicate，意为“交流；沟通”。短语cmmunicate with sb. 意为“和某人交流/交谈/沟通；和某人联系”。如：
My parents ften cmmunicate with me. 我父母常常和我交流。
The deaf and mute cmmunicate by sign language. 聋哑人用手势语交流。
Jim enjys reading the bks abut cmmunicatins. 吉姆喜欢阅读有关通讯的书籍。
【考点6】as well as用来连接两个并列成分，意为“不但……而且……”；“除了……之外，还……”。在A as well as B结构中，常常强调的是A项，因此连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要与A项保持一致。如：
He as well as I wants g bating. 他和我想去划船。
His parents as well as he have read the bk. 不但他读过这本书，他的父亲也读过。
Helen as well as I is ging t see the perfrmance. 海伦和我一样准备要去看演出。
Plants als need air and light as well as water. 除了水以外，植物还需要空气和光。
知识点06Fr example, yu can find ut hw peple dig cal frm the grund and use it t create energy. 例如，你能弄清楚人们是如何从地下挖煤并用它来创造能量的。
【考点7】【辨析】fr example，such as与like的用法辨析：
①fr example意为“比如，例如”， 举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。如：
Nise, fr example, is a kind f pllutin. 举例说明，噪音就是一种污染。
Many peple here, fr example, Jhn, wuld rather have cffee. 这里有许多人，例如约翰很喜欢喝咖啡。
②such as 意为“比如，例如”，常列举同类人或物中的几个例子，不能穷尽，可和and s n连用，可分开使用such…as…，可和like互换。如：
He learns many subjects, such as English, math and Chinese. 他学习好多科目，比如，英语，数学和语文。
China has many big cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and s n. 中国有许多大城市，比如北京、上海、深圳等等。
=China has many such big cities as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and s n. 中国有许多大城市，比如北京、上海、深圳等等。
③like介词，意为“像；例如”，表示列举，相当于such as。如：
Mr. Li keeps animals, like dgs, pigs and sheep, n the farm. 李先生在农场养像狗、猪和绵羊之类的动物。
I like many kinds f sprts, like basketball, table tennis and vlleyball. 我喜欢多种运动，比如篮球、乒乓球和排球。
【考点8】【辨析】find ut, find与lk fr的用法辨析：这三个词都有“找”的意思，但具体用法不同：
①find ut表示通过理解、分析、调查、询问、打听、研究等“弄清楚，找出，查明”某个情况、事实。如：
Please find ut when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。
Can yu find ut when the meeting will start? 你能查清楚会议什么时候开始吗？
②find意为“找到，发现”，强调的是找的结果，其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人。如：
I can’t find my bag. 我找不到我的包了。
I fund my English bk under the bed. 我在床下找到了我的书。
③lk fr意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作。如：
I’m lking fr my pen. 我正在找我的钢笔。
---- What are yu lking fr, Mary? 玛丽，你在找什么？---- I’m lking fr my bike. 我在找我的自行车。
【考点9】energy是不可数名词，意为“能源；能量；精力；活力”，其形容词形式为energetic意为“充满活力的；精力充沛的”。如：
Yung peple usually have mre energy than the ld. 年轻人通常比老年人有活力。
One f the ppular expressins in 2012 was “Psitive energy”. 2012年的流行语之一是“正能量”
知识点07Fr example, if yu want t fill a bag with sand, yu have t cntrl a kind f truck n wheels and mve it int the crrect place. 例如，如果想把一个袋子装满沙子，你就得操控一种带轮子的运输车，并把车移动到正确的位置。
【考点10】【辨析】…与be filled with...的用法辨析：
①为动词短语, 意为“把……用……装满”。主语为人，fill后一般接容器，with后接容器中装的物品。如：
I want t fill the bx with bks. 我想用书装满箱子。
The teacher filled a bttle with water. 老师在瓶子里注满了水。
②常用短语be filled with...表示“……被……装满”，表示动作，其同义短语为be full f...，表示状态。如：
The cup is filled with cffee.= The cup is full f cffee.杯子里装满了咖啡。
The bag is filled with sand.=The bag is full f sand. 这个袋子里装满了沙子。
【考点11】意为“把……移进……”，mve是动词，意为“移动”，与mve有关的短语mve int搬进；mve ut f搬出。如：
Can yu help me mve this basket int the bx? 你能帮我把这个篮子移到这个箱子里面吗？
知识点08If yu cmpare the medicine f the past with the medicine f tday, yu will feel very lucky next time yu visit a dctr! 如果你把过去的药物也现在的药物作一下比较，下次你去看医生的时候会感觉非常幸运！
【考点12】【辨析】cmpare…with…，cmpare…t…与cmpared with/t...的用法辨析：
①cmpare…with…意为“拿……和……作比较；把……与……相比”（同类相比）。如：
Mr. Wu likes t cmpare Class Three with Class Five. 吴老师喜欢拿三班和五班作比较。
The teacher are always cmparing me with my elder sister. 老师们总是拿我和姐姐作比较。
They cmpared the first map with the secnd ne carefully. 他们仔细地比较了第一张地图和第二张地图。
②cmpare…t…意为“把……比做……”（异类相比，比喻）。如：
Peple ften cmpare a teacher t a candle. 人们常把老师比作蜡烛。
We usually cmpare the nurses t the white angels. 我们通常把护士比喻成白衣天使。
③cmpared with/t...意为“和……相比”，该短语通常要求与其他词语组成独立状语，放在句首。如：
Cmpared with/t ther cities, I think Guilin is mre beautiful. 和其他城市相比，我认为桂林更漂亮。
Cmpared with/t last year, we have had mre success this year. 与去年相比，我们今年有更多的成功。
知识点09The Science Museum is interesting fr peple f all ages. 科学博物馆非常有趣, 可以说老少皆宜。
【考点13】f all ages 意为“所有年龄段的”。如：
Peple f all ages visit the museum. 男女老少都来参观这个博物馆。
Flying kites is ppular amng peple f all ages. 放风筝在所有年龄段的人中都受欢迎。
The beautiful sng is ppular amng the peple f all ages. 这首优美的歌曲受所有年龄段的人欢迎。
知识点10Yu can always find smething new and have a wnderful time there. 在那里，你总能发现新的东西并玩得很快乐。
【考点14】smething new意为“一些新东西”。不定代词smething; smebdy; smewhere; anything; anybdy; anywhere; nthing; nbdy; nwhere等被形容词修饰时，形容词要放在不定代词的后面，即“不定代词定语后置”。如：
I have smething imprtant t tell yu. 我有重要的事情告诉你。
Is there anything interesting in tday’s newspaper. 今天的报子上有什么有趣的新闻吗？
知识点11The museum is free t enter, s yu can g in fr a few minutes r stay all day. 博物馆免费进入，所以你可以在那里待几分钟或者一整天。
【考点15】be free t enter意为“免费进入”，be free t d sth. 意为“自由地去做某事”。free是形容词，意为“免费的”，不定式t enter修饰形容词free，不定式要后置，主动表示被动。如：
The library is free t enter, s yu can read bks there in yur free time. 图书馆免费进入，所以你可以空闲时去那儿读书。
Yu are free t g r t stay. 去还是留, 由你自己决定。
Everyne is free t express himself. 每个人都可以畅所欲言。
Wrkers enjy free medical care. 工人享受免费医疗。
He gt a free ticket t the play. 他得到一张免费票看这出戏。
I’m east t get alng with. 我很好相处。
Yu can’t expect peple t wrk fr free. 你不能期望人们免费工作。
知识点12S if yu ever g t Lndn, make sure yu visit the Science Museum. 所以如果你去伦敦的话，一定要参观科学博物馆。
【考点16】该句为“if条件状语从句，+祈使句”。If引导的条件状语从句既可以放在主句（即祈使句）之前，也可以放在主句之后。作为主句的祈使句，既可以使用肯定形式也可以使用否定形式。这种结构可用来表达建议。如：
If yu want t make prgress, study hard. 如果你想取得进步，努力学习吧。
If yu want t take phts, use my mbile phne. 如果你想照相，用我的手机吧。
If yu visit a museum, dn’t make any nise. 如果你想参观博物馆，不要制造任何噪音。
If yu want t visit the factry, dn’t take phts in it. 如果你想看参观那个工厂，请不要在里面拍照。
【考点17】make sure意为“务必；一定；确保；查明；弄清楚”，它常用于祈使句或下列结构中：
①make sure后接“f/abut＋名词或动名词”结构。如：
Make sure f his cming befre yu set ff. 你出发之前要确定他是否要来。
Yu must make sure f/abut the time and the place fr the meeting. 你必须弄清楚会议的时间和地点。
②make sure后接“(特殊疑问词+)不定式”结构。如：
I dn’t made sure what t d next. 我不能确定接下来做什么。
Have yu made sure when t leave fr Beijing? 你确定什么时候出发去北京吗？
③make sure后接“that引导的宾语从句(that可省略)”。如：
Make sure yu turn ff all the lights befre yu g ut. 在出门之前一定要把所有的灯都关掉。
Wrk hard and make sure yu get better grades next time. 努力学习，确保你下次取得更好成绩。
知识点13It is my favurite museum in the whle wrld! 它是全世界我最喜欢的博物馆。
【考点18】【辨析】whle与all的用法辨析：
①whle和all两者都用作形容词，意为“整个的；全部的”，但在句中的位置不同，whle位于限定词（定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格）之后（限定词+whle+名词）。all位于限定词（定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格）之前（all+限定词+名词）。如：
The whle schl/all the schl was empty. 整个学校空无一人。
Guilin is famus nt nly in China but als in the whle wrld/ all the wrld. 桂林不仅在中国出名，而且在全世界也很有名。
②修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时，一般用all。如：
I knw all thse peple. 我认识所有那些人。
Jane has drunk all the milk. 简已经喝了所有的牛奶。
She spent all her mney n bks. 她买书花光了所有的钱。
③在表示地名的专有名词前用all，不用whle，但可用the whle f，如不能说the whle China，但可说the whle f China，用all时则可表示为all China。如：
Li Ming travelled the whle China/all China in the past few years. 在过去几年里，李明游览了全中国。



分层提分

题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
(物理学)is my favurite subject.
2．There is nthing but (沙子)n the beach.
3．Just nw we did an (实验)in the labratry.
4．The (车轮)f histry can never be turned back.
5．Mr Wang has bught enugh (煤)t spend the winter.
6．As everyne knws，peple can use natural gas(天然气)t create (能量)．
7．We just had the (化学)lessn and did sme interesting experiments in the lab.
8．Mrs Lin lks tired because she has spent the (整个的)day cleaning and tidying.
Ⅱ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1．The hle that he (dig)was full f sil.
2．Yu can find ut the (answer)t all yur questins by reading this science bk.
3．There are sme very (nise)children in the park.
4．Wh is the (friendly)t yu，Tm?
5．He is free (d)what he likes t d.
6．He felt a bit angry—he culd hardly (cntrl)himself.
7．The library is pen (day)frm 8 am t 10 pm.
8．We can (cmmunicatin)with peple in mst parts f the wrld by telephne.
9．N (run)in the hallway.It's very dangerus.
10．If yu (want)t answer the questin，read the bk carefully.
Ⅲ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
find ut；in the wrld；f all ages；
cmpare…with…；fill…with…
1．Peple can take part in these activities.
2．I the cpy the riginal.It was difficult t tell the difference.
3．They where the schl was by asking the plice.
4．We'd better the cup water.
5．We are ging t visit the tallest building .
题组B 能力提升练
A．用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次，每空一词。
eq \x(whle；cntrl；energy；dig；experiment)
1．—Where are the farmers?
—They are hles n the hill.They want t plant sme trees.
2．He didn't knw English at all，s he can't understand hw t the machine.
3．David didn't give up thugh he had failed in the ur times.
4．When the wrld was in frnt f us，we all shuted excitedly.
5．Thugh my grandpa is 60，he is full f and like a yung man.
B．根据短文内容和括号内所给汉语意思，写出空白处各单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
Rules in Museums
If yu __6__(比较)the museums f the past with thse f tday，yu will find that tday's museums are active centres f learning.Peple can learn abut __7__(通信)and the envirnment as well as physics and __8__(化学)．S the museums are interesting fr peple f all __9__(年龄)．N wnder there are lts f peple visiting museums every day.Of curse there are sme rules fr yu when yu visit a museum.
(1)Yu can talk，but be __10__(礼貌的)t thse arund yu.It may seem that yu shuld be quiet in a museum，but mst curatrs(馆长)wuld lve it if mre peple talk with each ther abut their exhibitin.
(2)Ask befre taking phts.If yu take phts withut permissin(允许)，yu will be in __11__(麻烦)．Maybe yu will be __12__(惩罚)．
(3)D nt tuch！Keep away frm the rpe r exhibits(展览品)like paintings n walls r trucks n __13__(轮子)．
(4)Never bring fd r drinks int the museum.It's n gd eating r drinking there.
(5)D nt keep children alne.Children are refused t enter sme museums.But if children are allwed t enter，remember that a museum is nt a playgrund.Children shuld nt run r shut in it.__14__(父母)shuld be with children unless they are ding __15__(实验)there.

题组C 培优拔尖练
A
In the state f Qin(秦国), there was a man called Shang Yang(商鞅). He was a statesman(政治家) and wrked ut many refrms(改革)fr the state, like paying mre attentin t farming and giving rewards(报酬)t sldiers wh were successful when at war.
But these refrms were nt easily carried ut(执行)at first. Mst peple didn’t trust Shang Yang. In rder t slve this prblem, Shang Yang came up with an idea. He put a thin wden ple at the suth gate f the Qin capital. Many peple came t see him and the ple.
Then, in frnt f the crwd, Shang Yang said ludly, “The man wh takes this ple t the nrth gate will get 10 gld pieces.”
It was a simple jb and the reward was s large. Hwever, sme time passed and n ne stepped frward. They all thught Shang Yang was making a jke.
Hearing n answer, Shang Yang stepped frward and said, “The reward nw ges t 50 gld pieces.”
This reward was unbelievably large. Finally, a man frm the crwd came frward. He put the ple n his shulders and walked t the nrth gate. True t his wrd, Shang Yang gave the man 50 gld pieces.
After that, the peple f Qin were all talking abut what Shang Yang did abut the ple. They believed he was a man f his wrd. S when Shang Yang began carrying ut his refrms, the peple fllwed him.
Under these great refrms, Qin grew strnger and strnger. At last, Qin made all the seven states int ne empire(帝国).
1.What did Shang Yang d?
A.A statesman.B.A king.
C.An emperr.D.A sldier.
2.In rder t carry ut his refrms, what idea did Shang Yang have?
A.Having a wden ple carrying cmpetitin.
B.Having a wden ple cutting cmpetitin.
C.The man stepping frward first wuld be praised.
D.The man carrying the ple frm the suth gate t the nrth ne wuld get sme gld pieces.
3.Why did Shang Yang’s reward increase at last?
A.Because a man stepped frward.
B.Because there wasn’t enugh time.
C.Because Shang Yang heard n answer.
D.Because Shang Yang was happy.
4.“They believed he was a man f his wrd.” What des the underlined part mean?
A.A man wh can speak ludly.
B.A man wh likes t speak a lt.
C.A man wh keeps his wrd.
D.A man f few wrds.
5.After these great refrms, what happened in the histry f China?
A.Shang Yang became the first emperr.
B.The first empire f China appeared.
C.The suth gate fell dwn.
D.The state f Qin became weaker and weaker.
B
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
There are a lt f schl rules arund the wrld.Fr example，in Australia，Canada，Japan and the United States，students have t wear __1__(unifrm)，and they are nt allwed t wear earrings.
Sme schls in Japan and ther cuntries have rules __2__ hair.Fr example，students are nt allwed t change the clur f their hair.In the United States，bys can nt have __3__(they)hair grw lng.
Fr __4__(safe)at sme US schls，students must have __5__ pair f indr shes at schl every day.This __6__(make)sure students wn't fall ver n the wet flrs and keeps the schls clean.
Gum chewing is nt allwed in many US schl buildings，as it is difficult __7__(clean)up.And if students chew gum in class，they may nt pay __8__(many)attentin t their studies.
In mst freign cuntries，schl students are allwed t wrk part­time and give their hair different clurs.But differently，__9__(Japan)schl students are nt allwed t wrk part­time __10__ change the clur f their hair.


重点单词
1.(复数)通信
2.物理学
3.化学
4.挖掘;掘(洞)
5.煤
6.能源;能量
7.实验
8.沙子
9.操纵;控制
10.卡车
11.轮子;车轮
12.全部的;整个的
重点短语
1.与……不同
2.问题的答案
3.谈论
4.也,还
5.创造能量
6.物理实验
7.用……填满……
8.一种
9.找出
10.比较……与……
11.所有年龄段的人
12.在全世界
13.营业时间
重点句型
1.如果你想要你所有的关于科学的问题的答案,那么你来对地方了。
If yu want all yur abut science,this is the right place fr yu.
2.你可以弄清楚人们是如何从地下挖煤并用它来创造能量的。
Yu can hw peple frm the grund and use it t .
3.他们甚至会解释X射线是怎么让你看见你身体内部的。
They even hw X⁃rays yu inside yur bdy.
4.博物馆免费进入,所以你可以在那里待几分钟甚至一整天。
The museum is ,s yu can g in r stay all day.
5.所以如果你去伦敦,务必要参观科学博物馆。
S if yu ever g t Lndn, yu visit the Science Museum.