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牛津译林版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Grammar and usage教案配套ppt课件
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这是一份牛津译林版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Grammar and usage教案配套ppt课件，共44页。PPT课件主要包含了名词性从句，主语从句，宾语从句，宾语从句时态，表语从句，表语语从句，that，同位语从句，对名词进行解释和说明，语序问题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Explring the rules
1. I think it's interesting.2. The fact is that we have lst the game.3. Whether she cmes r nt makes n difference.4. It is nt knwn what caused the wildfire.5. I heard the news that ur team had wn．
as the bject
as the subject
as the predicative
as the appsitive
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
Object clause
Predicative clause
Appsitive clause
Subject clause
Check yur answers!
Wrking ut the rules
1. 连词： that, whether, if 2. 连接代词：what, wh, which, whse, wherever3. 连接副词： when, where, why, hw
Presentatin
1. that引导主语从句例1. That he finished writing the cmpsitin in such a shrt time surprised us all.例2. That teaching is an imprtant jb is knwn t all.
that无意义，不作成分，不可省
2.whether引导主语从句例1. Whether it will rain r nt des nt matter much.例2. Whether it is advanced remains a questin. It remians a questin whether it is advanced.
whether“是否”的意思，放句首或句尾都可
3. 连接代词和连接副词引导主语从句例1. Whever cmes will be accustmed t here quickly.例2. Where the meeting will be held is still under discussin.例3. What we need is patience.例4. What needs t be dne must be dne right away.
what 在主语从句中作主语或宾语
4. It 作形式主语例1. It is a pity that they didn’t get maried. 例2. It is splendid that yu passed the exam.例3. It is said that he has been there many years.例4. It seems that they have made the same mistakes.
it be+名词词组(a shame / an hnr / n wnder)+ that
it be+ adj( likely / bvius / ture / natural) + that
it be +过去分词（thught / expected / annunced) + that
it seems / appears / happens + that
1. that引导宾语从句例1. I think (that) it will clean up and that they will g ut.例2. Tell him (that) he needn’t wrry and that I will hlep him ut.
宾语从句中第二个that不可省
2. if / whether 引导宾语从句,可互换例1. I dn’t knw if there will be a bus any mre .例2. I wnder whether they will trust yu.
但是下列情形，Whether,if 不能互换。①．whether r nt例句：I dn’t knw whether r nt the mvie star will cme .②．whether从句做介词宾语例句：Everything depends n whether yu agree with us.
I dn’t knw whether / if the mvie star will cme r nt.
3. 连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句例1. I want t knw what he has tld yu.例2. Can yu tell me whm yu are waiting fr?例3. Nne f us knws where these new parts can be bught.
Wh-类词引导的宾语从句用 语序。
4. It 作形式宾语常用句型结构 make, find, think, feel, cnsider, believe it + adj / n + that 例1. 医生认为我们每天喝大量热水是有必要的。 .例2. 我们瞬息万变的职场使我们有必要跟上和发展新的技能。 . .
Dctrs think it necessary that we take plenty f ht water everyday
Our rapidly changing wrkplace makes it necessary that we keep up and develp new skills.
1、主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。例1: We knw that the headmaster has been in Lndn fr many years.例2: I dn't knw when he will cme back
2、主句是一般过去时，从句须用过去时态的某种形式 （一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例3: She was srry that she hadn't finished her wrk n time.例4：He said that he culd finish his wrk befre supper．
3、当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，从句用一般现在时态。例句:The teacher tld his class that light travels faster than sund.
表语从句位于系动词之后
系动词1. be 2. 感官动词3.持续类动词4. 变化类动词5. 表像类动词
lk,sund, feel, smell, taste
keep, remain,stay
becme, grw, get, cme
seem, appear
1. that 引导表语从句例1. The truble is that I have lst his address.例2. The fact is that students wrk harder than yu might imagine.2. whether引导表语从句The questin is whether this film is wrth seeing.
that 无意义，不作成分，不可省
表语从句中只用whether不用if.
3. 主语是reasn时，表语从句用that引导The reasn why he was absent was he missed the train.4. where，when，what等疑问词引导表语从句 This is where ur prblem lies.
The news that the cnflict had been reslved successfully was encuraging. 1. that 引导同位语从句例1. We recieved rder that we shuld send a few peple t help the hmeless.
2. whether引导同位语从句例1. The manager hasn’t made the decisin whether he shuld clse the restaurant .3. what, when,where 等疑问词引导同位语从句例2. The grup had n idea what was t present in art class.
同位语从句中只用whether不用if.
______ he wants is a bk.______ he wants a bk is bvius.
2. that V.S. what
→根据句子成分选择 缺成分：what 不缺成分：that
Where des he live?Culd yu tell me where he lives? Hw did he succeed?Hw he succeed is still a puzzle.
名词性从句中都用 陈述语序
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
表示建议，坚持，命令，要求的词在名词性从句中要用sb (shuld) d建议: suggest, prpse,advise坚持: insist命令:rder要求:demand, require,, cmmand,request
It is necessary / imprtant / natural / strange / urgent / essential ... that sb shuld d
1. It is imprtant that shuld wrk hard.2. It is necessary that yu be punctual in any ccasin3. It is strange that he have taken the bks withut permissin.
As yu start t make plans fr what yu want t d with yur future, ...
Als, yu will need t make sure any lans yu have are repaid n time.
Anther advantage is that yu will be able t better prvide fr yurself and yur family.
..., yu might ask a questin whether yu shuld start yur wn business.
It is n surprise that being ne’s wn bss is appealing t many peple.
Applying the rules
Rewrite the fllwing sentences using nun clauses accrding t the requirements in the brackets.
1. Hw d yung peple decide n a career? I want t knw. (bject clause) ____________________________________________________________2. Des she have enugh time t cmplete s many tasks? This is her dubt. (predicative clause) ____________________________________________________________3. The careers adviser suggests that peple shuld think carefully befre chsing a jb. The suggestin is useful. (appsitive clause) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________4. Where will my uncle pen his new restaurant? It remains t be seen. (subject clause) ____________________________________________________________
I want t knw hw yung peple decide n a career.
Her dubt is whether she has enugh time t cmplete s many tasks.
The careers adviser’s suggestin that peple shuld think carefullybefre chsing a jb is useful.
It remains t be seen where my uncle will pen his new restaurant.
The passage belw gives tips n hw t start a business. Cmplete it with prper linking wrds t frm nun clauses.
Our first tip fr starting a business is t chse a prduct r service that yu find suitable. The fact (1) _________ yu have a passin fr yur idea will make it much easier t mtivate yurself. It is als imprtant (2) ___________ it shuld fit yur skills.A secnd tip is t analyse yur target market carefully tsee (3)_________ it is wrth entering, and if s, hw yu shuld run yur business. The size f the market and its rate f grwth are imprtant factrs t cnsider. (4) _________ yu can satisfy the needs f ptential clients mst effectively shuld be the fcus f yur business. T achieve that, yu need t d sme detective
wrk. D nt rely n yur subjective judgement. Yu shuld als lk thrugh the business directry t see wh yur main cmpetitrs will be and find ut hw their businesses wrk. Our final tip is (5) _________ yu shuld cnsider whether yu want t make yur business a sl ne r find ne r tw partners. Ding it alne can give yu greater autnmy. On the ther hand, partners can help plug the knwledge r skill gaps.All this grundwrk might seem bring when yu just cannt wait t get started. Hwever, if yu are well prepared, the business yu want t pen will have a greater chance f success.
Max is talking t his friend Kate abut starting his wn business. In pairs, cmplete the cnversatin belw using nun clauses.
Max: I want t start my wn business ne day.Kate: That’s great! But it’s a lt f hard wrk. D yu have any ideas (1) __________________________________? Max: Yes! I want t pen a fashin design studi—I have sme great design ideas. Kate: Make sure yu d a lt f research befre yu start.Max: I definitely will. I want t talk t sme peple in the fashin industry. I’m interested in (2) _______________________.Kate: It’s gd t talk t experts in the field. (3) ____________________________ will definitely help yu when yu start yur business!
what kind f business yu want t start
hw they run their business
Whatever yu learn frm them
1. Rme can be pricey fr travelers, which is ______ many chse t stay in a hstel (旅社). 2. It is ur hpe _______ in cming decades, advances in science will ffer new perspectives (视角) frm which t study _____ peple manage their lives. 3. _______ is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
4. “The big messages frm this study is ______ there is anther species(物种)ut there that is meaningful in its cmmunicatin, s that’s nt unique t humans,” said Dr Hbaiter. 5.He tries t make the audience believe _______ he has the pwer t d things which are against the laws f nature.
7. But I recently came acrss a study that shws _____ his apprach wrks. 8. It’s still a little t cld fr them t g ut int the pen, but as sn as the weather warms up, I have n dubt ______ the little ne will be ut and abut explring and playing every day. 9. Over thusands f years, they began t depend less n _______ culd be hunted r gathered frm the wild, and mre n animals they had raised and crps they had swn.
______is n pssibility _____Bb can win the first prize in the match.A. There; that B. It; whatC. There; whether D. It; whetherCan yu tell me ______?A. wh is that gentleman B. that gentleman is whC. wh that gentleman isD. whm is that gentleman
T get the jb started, ____I need is ver here.A. nly what B. all whatC. all that D. nly thatIn sme cuntries ____ is called “equality” desn’t really mean equal rights fr all peple.A. which B. what C. that D. ne
Explring the rules
1. I think it's interesting.2. The fact is that we have lst the game.3. Whether she cmes r nt makes n difference.4. It is nt knwn what caused the wildfire.5. I heard the news that ur team had wn．
as the bject
as the subject
as the predicative
as the appsitive
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
Object clause
Predicative clause
Appsitive clause
Subject clause
Check yur answers!
Wrking ut the rules
1. 连词： that, whether, if 2. 连接代词：what, wh, which, whse, wherever3. 连接副词： when, where, why, hw
Presentatin
1. that引导主语从句例1. That he finished writing the cmpsitin in such a shrt time surprised us all.例2. That teaching is an imprtant jb is knwn t all.
that无意义，不作成分，不可省
2.whether引导主语从句例1. Whether it will rain r nt des nt matter much.例2. Whether it is advanced remains a questin. It remians a questin whether it is advanced.
whether“是否”的意思，放句首或句尾都可
3. 连接代词和连接副词引导主语从句例1. Whever cmes will be accustmed t here quickly.例2. Where the meeting will be held is still under discussin.例3. What we need is patience.例4. What needs t be dne must be dne right away.
what 在主语从句中作主语或宾语
4. It 作形式主语例1. It is a pity that they didn’t get maried. 例2. It is splendid that yu passed the exam.例3. It is said that he has been there many years.例4. It seems that they have made the same mistakes.
it be+名词词组(a shame / an hnr / n wnder)+ that
it be+ adj( likely / bvius / ture / natural) + that
it be +过去分词（thught / expected / annunced) + that
it seems / appears / happens + that
1. that引导宾语从句例1. I think (that) it will clean up and that they will g ut.例2. Tell him (that) he needn’t wrry and that I will hlep him ut.
宾语从句中第二个that不可省
2. if / whether 引导宾语从句,可互换例1. I dn’t knw if there will be a bus any mre .例2. I wnder whether they will trust yu.
但是下列情形，Whether,if 不能互换。①．whether r nt例句：I dn’t knw whether r nt the mvie star will cme .②．whether从句做介词宾语例句：Everything depends n whether yu agree with us.
I dn’t knw whether / if the mvie star will cme r nt.
3. 连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句例1. I want t knw what he has tld yu.例2. Can yu tell me whm yu are waiting fr?例3. Nne f us knws where these new parts can be bught.
Wh-类词引导的宾语从句用 语序。
4. It 作形式宾语常用句型结构 make, find, think, feel, cnsider, believe it + adj / n + that 例1. 医生认为我们每天喝大量热水是有必要的。 .例2. 我们瞬息万变的职场使我们有必要跟上和发展新的技能。 . .
Dctrs think it necessary that we take plenty f ht water everyday
Our rapidly changing wrkplace makes it necessary that we keep up and develp new skills.
1、主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。例1: We knw that the headmaster has been in Lndn fr many years.例2: I dn't knw when he will cme back
2、主句是一般过去时，从句须用过去时态的某种形式 （一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例3: She was srry that she hadn't finished her wrk n time.例4：He said that he culd finish his wrk befre supper．
3、当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，从句用一般现在时态。例句:The teacher tld his class that light travels faster than sund.
表语从句位于系动词之后
系动词1. be 2. 感官动词3.持续类动词4. 变化类动词5. 表像类动词
lk,sund, feel, smell, taste
keep, remain,stay
becme, grw, get, cme
seem, appear
1. that 引导表语从句例1. The truble is that I have lst his address.例2. The fact is that students wrk harder than yu might imagine.2. whether引导表语从句The questin is whether this film is wrth seeing.
that 无意义，不作成分，不可省
表语从句中只用whether不用if.
3. 主语是reasn时，表语从句用that引导The reasn why he was absent was he missed the train.4. where，when，what等疑问词引导表语从句 This is where ur prblem lies.
The news that the cnflict had been reslved successfully was encuraging. 1. that 引导同位语从句例1. We recieved rder that we shuld send a few peple t help the hmeless.
2. whether引导同位语从句例1. The manager hasn’t made the decisin whether he shuld clse the restaurant .3. what, when,where 等疑问词引导同位语从句例2. The grup had n idea what was t present in art class.
同位语从句中只用whether不用if.
______ he wants is a bk.______ he wants a bk is bvius.
2. that V.S. what
→根据句子成分选择 缺成分：what 不缺成分：that
Where des he live?Culd yu tell me where he lives? Hw did he succeed?Hw he succeed is still a puzzle.
名词性从句中都用 陈述语序
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
表示建议，坚持，命令，要求的词在名词性从句中要用sb (shuld) d建议: suggest, prpse,advise坚持: insist命令:rder要求:demand, require,, cmmand,request
It is necessary / imprtant / natural / strange / urgent / essential ... that sb shuld d
1. It is imprtant that shuld wrk hard.2. It is necessary that yu be punctual in any ccasin3. It is strange that he have taken the bks withut permissin.
As yu start t make plans fr what yu want t d with yur future, ...
Als, yu will need t make sure any lans yu have are repaid n time.
Anther advantage is that yu will be able t better prvide fr yurself and yur family.
..., yu might ask a questin whether yu shuld start yur wn business.
It is n surprise that being ne’s wn bss is appealing t many peple.
Applying the rules
Rewrite the fllwing sentences using nun clauses accrding t the requirements in the brackets.
1. Hw d yung peple decide n a career? I want t knw. (bject clause) ____________________________________________________________2. Des she have enugh time t cmplete s many tasks? This is her dubt. (predicative clause) ____________________________________________________________3. The careers adviser suggests that peple shuld think carefully befre chsing a jb. The suggestin is useful. (appsitive clause) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________4. Where will my uncle pen his new restaurant? It remains t be seen. (subject clause) ____________________________________________________________
I want t knw hw yung peple decide n a career.
Her dubt is whether she has enugh time t cmplete s many tasks.
The careers adviser’s suggestin that peple shuld think carefullybefre chsing a jb is useful.
It remains t be seen where my uncle will pen his new restaurant.
The passage belw gives tips n hw t start a business. Cmplete it with prper linking wrds t frm nun clauses.
Our first tip fr starting a business is t chse a prduct r service that yu find suitable. The fact (1) _________ yu have a passin fr yur idea will make it much easier t mtivate yurself. It is als imprtant (2) ___________ it shuld fit yur skills.A secnd tip is t analyse yur target market carefully tsee (3)_________ it is wrth entering, and if s, hw yu shuld run yur business. The size f the market and its rate f grwth are imprtant factrs t cnsider. (4) _________ yu can satisfy the needs f ptential clients mst effectively shuld be the fcus f yur business. T achieve that, yu need t d sme detective
wrk. D nt rely n yur subjective judgement. Yu shuld als lk thrugh the business directry t see wh yur main cmpetitrs will be and find ut hw their businesses wrk. Our final tip is (5) _________ yu shuld cnsider whether yu want t make yur business a sl ne r find ne r tw partners. Ding it alne can give yu greater autnmy. On the ther hand, partners can help plug the knwledge r skill gaps.All this grundwrk might seem bring when yu just cannt wait t get started. Hwever, if yu are well prepared, the business yu want t pen will have a greater chance f success.
Max is talking t his friend Kate abut starting his wn business. In pairs, cmplete the cnversatin belw using nun clauses.
Max: I want t start my wn business ne day.Kate: That’s great! But it’s a lt f hard wrk. D yu have any ideas (1) __________________________________? Max: Yes! I want t pen a fashin design studi—I have sme great design ideas. Kate: Make sure yu d a lt f research befre yu start.Max: I definitely will. I want t talk t sme peple in the fashin industry. I’m interested in (2) _______________________.Kate: It’s gd t talk t experts in the field. (3) ____________________________ will definitely help yu when yu start yur business!
what kind f business yu want t start
hw they run their business
Whatever yu learn frm them
1. Rme can be pricey fr travelers, which is ______ many chse t stay in a hstel (旅社). 2. It is ur hpe _______ in cming decades, advances in science will ffer new perspectives (视角) frm which t study _____ peple manage their lives. 3. _______ is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
4. “The big messages frm this study is ______ there is anther species(物种)ut there that is meaningful in its cmmunicatin, s that’s nt unique t humans,” said Dr Hbaiter. 5.He tries t make the audience believe _______ he has the pwer t d things which are against the laws f nature.
7. But I recently came acrss a study that shws _____ his apprach wrks. 8. It’s still a little t cld fr them t g ut int the pen, but as sn as the weather warms up, I have n dubt ______ the little ne will be ut and abut explring and playing every day. 9. Over thusands f years, they began t depend less n _______ culd be hunted r gathered frm the wild, and mre n animals they had raised and crps they had swn.
______is n pssibility _____Bb can win the first prize in the match.A. There; that B. It; whatC. There; whether D. It; whetherCan yu tell me ______?A. wh is that gentleman B. that gentleman is whC. wh that gentleman isD. whm is that gentleman
T get the jb started, ____I need is ver here.A. nly what B. all whatC. all that D. nly thatIn sme cuntries ____ is called “equality” desn’t really mean equal rights fr all peple.A. which B. what C. that D. ne
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