山西省大同市2024届高三英语下学期6月学情调研试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份山西省大同市2024届高三英语下学期6月学情调研试卷（Word版附解析），共21页。
大同市2024届高三年级学情调研测试
英语
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上相应的位置。
2．全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题上无效。
3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用0.5mm黑色笔迹签字笔写在答题卡上。
4．考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
5．本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．£19.15 B．£9.18. C．£9.15.
答案是C。
1．What does the woman dislike?
A．The chicken. B．The salad. C．The tomatoes.
2．When did the man get home?
A．At around 1:00. B．At around 3:00. C．At around 10:00.
3．How does the woman sound?
A．Calm. B．Glad. C．Angry.
4．Why does the man give up traveling abroad?
A．Because he had to study. B．Because his parents disagreed. C．Because he failed important exams.
5．What are the speakers going to do tonight?
A．Stay home. B．Work out. C．Eat out.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7小题。
6．What is the relationship between the speakers?
A．Mother and son. B．Husband and wife. C．Father and daughter.
7．What pet will the speakers get?
A．A dog. B．A cat. C．A parrot.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10小题。
8．Where does the conversation take place?
A．In an apartment. B．On the phone. C．In an office.
9．What is the man’s requirement for the apartment?
A．It’s near the downtown. B．It has two bedrooms. C．It’s near a park.
10．What information does the man finally ask the woman for?
A．The price. B．The environment. C．The address.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。
11．What theme do the speakers pick for the party?
A．Jungle theme. B．Ocean theme. C．Beach theme.
12．Who likes to collect beach hats?
A．Bob. B．Tammy. C．Sara.
13．Why would the speakers like to go to the beach this weekend?
A．To pick up shells. B．To take some photos. C．To enjoy the sunshine.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16小题。
14．Where have the kids gone?
A．Toa café. B．To a mall. C．To a party.
15．What is wrong with the man’s new trousers?
A．They are too long. B．They are too small. C．They are badly broken.
16．What will the woman do for the man?
A．Introduce a tailor to him. B．Give him the money back. C．Go to the store with him.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20小题。
17．When does the big water fight begin in Thailand?
A．On April 13th. B．On April 14th. C．On April 15th.
18．Why do people pour water on their elders’ hands?
A．To give blessing. B．To show respect. C．To have fun.
19．What does the speaker suggest tourists do?
A．Go to Thailand before April. B．Take valuable things with them. C．Wear swimsuits under their clothes.
20．What is the talk mainly about?
A．A festival B．A destination. C．A competition.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
A week ago, “Sports for Life” programme was sent to the parents, requiring them to select a sport that they wanted their child to play. Since then, our staff have received lots of calls from parents asking for more information about it. Here is a memo (备忘录) for your reference when you answer the phones.
Sport 1: Basketball.
We expect that this will be the most popular of the four sports. Therefore, students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible. Students will take a private bus to and from the Kwun Tong Sports Park. To cover the cost of hiring a bus, each student will have to pay $10 each time. There will be four basketball courts with one teacher monitoring each game.
Sport 2: Gym.
We will be using the St. Peter’s Memorial Park. There are two reasons for choosing this park. First, it is not very busy and crowded before 6:00 pm. Second, it has a lot of trees with plenty of shade. Students must bring along two bottles of water to prevent thirst. Three activities — skipping, jogging, and outdoor aerobics (有氧运动) are all free of charge. And there will be a teacher on duty for each of the activities.
Sport 3: Hiking.
Hiking will take place at the Kowloon Peak. The activity will start at 2:30 pm and finish 90 minutes later. Three teachers will accompany the students, and a hiking instructor will accompany each group of 15 hikers. Each instructor will cost $75 per hour. Students are advised to bring plenty of water and sunscreen.
Sport 4: Swimming.
The Kowloon City Aquatic Centre is a 10-minute walk from our school. Four teachers will go to the pool and conduct the students from the poolside. We will only be able to reserve the pool for one hour (2:45 pm to 3:45 pm). Only students skillful at swimming can take up this activity. The pool will have two lifeguards present. Girls must wear a swimming suit. The cost is $10 per visit.
1. Who is the memo intended for?
A. The parents. B. The students. C. The workers. D. The teachers.
2. Why is the gym recommended in the St. Peter’s Memorial Park?
A. It provides free-for-all activities. B. It offers shelters from the sun.
C. It covers the cost of transport. D. It remains uncrowded all day.
3. What is a student required to do if taking part in swimming?
A. To pay $10 in all. B. To arrive at 4:00 pm.
C. To wear a swimming suit. D. To be good at swimming.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Sports for Life项目提供的供家长为孩子们选择的四种运动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Since then, our staff have received lots of calls from parents asking for more information about it. Here is a memo (备忘录) for your reference when you answer the phones.(从那时起，我们的工作人员就接到了很多家长的电话，询问关于它的更多的信息。这是一份备忘录，供您接电话时参考)”可知知，备忘录是为工作人员准备的，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Sport 2: Gym.部分中“Second, it has a lot of trees with plenty of shade.(其次，它有很多树，树荫充足)”可知，推荐在St. Peter’s纪念公园进行体育活动的原因之一是那里有很多树荫，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Sport 4: Swimming.部分中“Only students skillful at swimming can take up this activity.(只有擅长游泳的学生才能参加这项活动)”可知，只有擅长游泳的学生才能参加这项活动，故选D。
B
I’m Savannah and I remember beginning to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt’s house, and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America. We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning.
In fact, I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving, I thought about all the places I was going to see — the strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures. The country I was leaving and never to come back to was hardly in my head then.
The four years that followed taught me the importance of being positive but the idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost — having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried and things became even more complex for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other. I was often sad, and saw no end to “the hard times.”
My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. I wrote letters, filled out forms, translated at interviews with immigration (移民) officers, took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.
From my experiences I have learned one important rule: Almost all common troubles go away at last! Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little! I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be that easy.
4. What did Savannah miss most about home when leaving for America?
A. Her dear friends and relatives. B. The radio programme for pupils.
C. The country she was leaving. D. The places she was familiar with.
5. What was Savannah’s attitude to her life changes in New York?
A. Optimistic. B. Indifferent. C. Pessimistic. D. Desperate.
6. Why was Savannah increasingly responsible in her family?
A. For her family moved more frequently. B. For her mother ended up in divorce.
C. For her English was better than others. D. For she disagreed with her stepfather.
7. What does Savannah think about her future life?
A. Her future will be loaded with more troubles. B. It will be difficult to learn to become mature.
C. There will be more good days than expected. D. Good things will happen if she keeps trying.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了自己刚刚搬到美国的经历，作者以自己的经历告诉我们，所有的麻烦最终都会消失，我们只要不放弃，最终好事一定会发生。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning.(那时我们在公共汽车上。我哭了，公共汽车上的一些人转过身来看着我。我记得，一想到再也听不到我每天早上收听的学校儿童广播节目，我就无法忍受。)”可知，当作者得知要去美国的时候，想念的是每天早上收听的学校儿童广播节目。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The four years that followed taught me the importance of being positive but the idea did not come to me at once.(接下来的四年教会了我积极的重要性，但这个想法并没有立即出现在我脑海中。)”以及最后一段“From my experiences, I have learned one important rule: Almost all common troubles go away at last! Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little! I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be that easy.(从我的经历中，我学到了一个重要的规则：几乎所有常见的麻烦最终都会消失！只要你不放弃，最后一定会有好事发生，再等一会儿！我相信我的生活会好起来的，尽管它不会那么容易。)”可知，Savannah对于自己在纽约生活的变化抱有支持的态度。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home.(我在家庭中的责任增加了很多，因为我比家里的其他人都懂英语。)”可知，作者在家庭中的责任增加了很多是因为作者比家里的其他人都懂英语。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“From my experiences, I have learned one important rule: Almost all common troubles go away at last! Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little! I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be that easy.(从我的经历中，我学到了一个重要的规则：几乎所有常见的麻烦最终都会消失！只要你不放弃，最后一定会有好事发生，再等一会儿！我相信我的生活会好起来的，尽管它不会那么容易。)”可知，Savannah认为只要自己不放弃，麻烦最终会消失，而好事也必然会发生。故选D。
C
On the eve of this week’s rail strikes, it was reported that the industry bosses are planning to weed out paper train tickets and close almost 1,000 station ticket offices in England. The transport secretary, Grant Shapps, has made no secret of his desire to see costs saved in this way. Some stations sell only a handful of tickets each week and the vast majority of transactions (交易) have moved online.
In the name of cost-cutting, station ticket offices are likely to follow the telephone booth on the corner and become memory. For those who have grown used to the benefits of organizing travel via smart phones, there will be little to feel sorry for. But for people without online access or skills, who tend to be older, poorer, and more fragile, another social barrier will have been built.
From medical appointments to payment apps for parking, more and more key services are now delivered digitally. As this revolution takes place, the interests of a significant minority are being ignored to some extent. In the case of health and social care, for example, it will often be those most in need of assistance who are least able to employ electronic devices.
The debate over ticket offices offers an opportunity to reflect more broadly on the increasing role of technology in our social landscape. The unavoidable trend towards technology is predictable, but its possible consequences need to be managed with more care. With the expanding range and increasing complexity of digital requirements, the aged are gradually withdrawing from increasing social services in their lives. Ros Altmann, the former pensions minister, recently wrote of being contacted by an elderly woman who no longer drives to her local park, because she cannot download the car parking app required.
Much more needs to be invested in helping gain easy online access. Alternative offline options must be maintained for important services. Contactable telephone numbers of relevant staff should always be available. These will cost more. But that is the price of digital transformation.
8. What does the underlined “weed out” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Pass on to. B. Give in to. C. Get rid of. D. Put up with.
9. Who will be kept out of service by the plan to sell tickets online?
A. The aged. B. The young. C. The rich. D. The strong.
10. What can be inferred about the digital transformation?
A. It will meet the demand of consumers. B. It will cost much less than planned.
C. It will need to be updated constantly. D. It will result in new social problems.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. The accessibility of important offline services. B. The attitudes of the elderly towards technology.
C. The barriers caused by digital transformation. D. The pros and cons of marketing tickets online.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了铁路行业大佬想要逐步把车票的销售转移到线上的数字化转型引起的问题，这对于没有网络和不会使用智能手机的人而言是一个社会障碍，他们面临被排除在外和被孤立的风险，最后作者指出虽然需要投入更多的资源来帮助边缘人群能够上网或学会上网，但是依然必须保留线下的服务。
【8题详解】
短语猜测题。根据划线短语后“close almost 1,000 station ticket offices in England(关闭英国近1000个车站售票处)”可知，此处指行业大佬们正计划淘汰纸质火车票，并关闭英国近1000个车站售票处，weed out意为“除去，淘汰”，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But for people without online access or skills, who tend to be older, poorer, and more fragile, another social barrier will have been built.(但对于那些无法上网或没有上网技能的人来说，他们往往年纪更大、更穷、更脆弱，这将形成另一道社会障碍)”可知，老年人被网上售票服务排除在外，故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“But for people without online access or skills, who tend to be older, poorer, and more fragile, another social barrier will have been built.(但对于那些无法上网或没有上网技能的人来说，他们往往年纪更大、更穷、更脆弱，这将形成另一道社会障碍)”和第三段中“As this revolution takes place, the interests of a significant minority are being ignored to some extent. In the case of health and social care, for example, it will often be those most in need of assistance who are least able to employ electronic devices.(随着这场革命的发生，相当一部分少数人的利益在某种程度上被忽视了。例如，在保健和社会保健方面，最需要帮助的往往是那些最不能够使用电子设备的人)”可知，数字化转型会导致一些新的社会问题。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“But for people without online access or skills, who tend to be older, poorer, and more fragile, another social barrier will have been built.(但对于那些无法上网或没有上网技能的人来说，他们往往年纪更大、更穷、更脆弱，这将形成另一道社会障碍)”可知，文章主要讲述了因为铁路行业大佬想要逐步把车票的销售转移到线上的数字化转型引起的问题，这会对没有网络和不会使用智能手机的人形成一个社会障碍，C项“数字化转型引起的障碍”为最佳标题，故选C。
D
A team of Chinese researchers have recently developed a new type of self-powered flexible and transparent electronic skin to monitor subtle human activities, shedding light on the future of wearable electronics. This new e-skin integrates a flexible transparent supercapacitor (超级电容器) as an energy storage device with a stretchable transparent strain sensor (应变传感器). Thanks to its mechanical softness, the integrated e-skin can be directly attached to various parts on the body.
As the largest organ of human body, skin is responsible for multiple major functions such as protection, perspiration, regulation of body temperature, and sensory stimulation (刺激). It forms the basis of people’s physical interactions with the outside world.
The ideal e-skin should be highly sensitive, self-powered, and suitable for the human skin. “Inspired by sensory functions and performance of real human skin, we have made the new e-skin both flexible and transparent to serve multiple functions. After charging, it is capable of monitoring people’s subtle physical signals and multi-scaled activities in real time. It can measure a person’s pulse, tell when they are swallowing, and detect other body movements,” said Lan Wei, a professor at the School of Physical Science and Technology of Lanzhou University and the leader of the research team.
E-skin is the core of future wearable electronic devices. The new invention can be applied in smart health care, human-machine interaction, virtual reality and artificial intelligence. For example, it could help surgeons control surgical robots more precisely, enable people to “touch” over long distances, and create more immersive gaming experiences.
Going ahead, the research team will focus on strengthening the sensory capacity and power supply of the e-skin, making it even more like human skin, which will in turn make it more adaptive to various future applications.
12. Why do Chinese scientists invent the new wearable e-skin?
A. To regulate human body temperature. B. To watch and check human activities.
C. To delay human skin aging process. D. To improve human skin’s flexibility.
13. What inspired the researchers to develop the new e-skin?
A. The human contact with nature. B. The trend of wearable devices.
C. The way real human skin works. D. The development of strain sensors.
14. What will be the centre of the future research?
A. Strengthening remote control of the e-skin. B. Creating more new functions of the e-skin.
C. Changing the outer appearance of the e skin. D. Improving the sensory ability of the e-skin.
15. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Electronic Skin: More Than Skin B. Electronic Skin: More Like Skin
C. Electronic Skin: More for Fun D. Electronic Skin: More At Ease
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国的一个研究小组最近开发出了一种新型的自供电柔性透明电子皮肤，用于监测人类活动，为可穿戴电子产品的未来带来了曙光。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A team of Chinese researchers have recently developed a new type of self-powered flexible and transparent electronic skin to monitor subtle human activities, shedding light on the future of wearable electronics. (中国的一个研究小组最近开发出了一种新型的自供电柔性透明电子皮肤，用于监测细微的人类活动，为可穿戴电子产品的未来带来了曙光)”可知，中国科学家发明新型可穿戴电子皮肤的目的是监测人体活动，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inspired by sensory functions and performance of real human skin, we have made the new e-skin both flexible and transparent to serve multiple functions. (灵感来自真实人类皮肤的感官功能和性能，我们使新的电子皮肤既灵活又透明，具有多种功能)”可知，研发电子皮肤的灵感来源于真实皮肤的感官功能和性能，故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Going ahead, the research team will focus on strengthening the sensory capacity and power supply of the e-skin, making it even more like human skin, which will in turn make it more adaptive to various future applications. (今后，研究小组将重点加强电子皮肤的感觉能力和供电能力，使其更像人类皮肤，从而使其更能适应未来的各种应用)”可知，未来研究重点是提高电子皮肤的感觉能力。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“A team of Chinese researchers have recently developed a new type of self-powered flexible and transparent electronic skin to monitor subtle human activities, shedding light on the future of wearable electronics. (中国的一个研究小组最近开发出了一种新型的自供电柔性透明电子皮肤，用于监测细微的人类活动，为可穿戴电子产品的未来带来了曙光)”可知，文章主要介绍了中国研发出可监测人体的电子皮肤，可以监测人体的各种活动，也可应用于智能医疗、人机交互、虚拟现实和人工智能等领域。故A项“电子皮肤：不止是皮肤”为最佳标题，故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone knows about straight-A students. In fact, hard work isn’t the whole story behind their academic success. Many straight-A students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their low-scoring classmates. ____16____.
Set priorities.
Top students bear no breaks on study time. Once the books are open or the computer is booted up, phone calls go unanswered, TV shows unwatched, and snacks ignored. Study is business; business comes before recreation.
____17____.
Paul Melendres, a straight-A freshman from New Mexico, keeps two folders (文件夹) — one for the day’s assignments, another for papers completed and graded. Melendres’ methods have actually proven effective. Even students who don’t have a private study area remain organized. A bag or drawer keeps essential supplies together and cuts down time-wasting searches.
Clean up your act.
Neat papers are likely to get higher grades than sloppy ones. “The student who turns in a neat paper” says Claude Olney, an Arizona State University business professor, “is already on the way to an A. It’s like being served a cheeseburger. ____18____, you can’t believe it tastes good if it’s presented on a dirty plate.”
Speak up.
“____19____, I asked him to repeat it,” says Christopher Campbell. Class participation goes beyond merely asking questions, though. It’s a matter of showing intellectual curiosity. “I don’t want to memorize information for tests only,” says Campell. “Better grades come from better understanding.”
Test yourself.
As part of her note-taking, Domenica Roman emphasizes points she thinks may be covered during exams. Later she designs tentative (试验性的) test questions based on those points and gives herself a written examination before test day. “If I can’t answer the questions satisfactorily, ____20____,” she says.
A. Get organized
B. Schedule your time
C. I will go back and review
D. No matter how good it really is
E. If I don’t understand what my teacher is explaining
F. Here are some secrets of the young study champions
G. Here we make some suggestions on how to study anytime
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些好的学习方法，以帮助我们取得学业上的成功。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“Many straight-A students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their low-scoring classmates.(实际上，许多优等生花在家庭作业上的时间比分数低的同学要少。)”可知，优等生花在作业上的时间并不是很多，暗示优等生的学习是有方法的。选项F“Here are some secrets of the young study champions(这里有一些年轻的学习冠军的秘密)”与上文内容一致，同时引出下文的学习方法的介绍。故选F。
【17题详解】
空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Paul Melendres, a straight-A freshman from New Mexico, keeps two folders (文件夹) — one for the day’s assignments, another for papers completed and graded. Melendres’ methods have actually proven effective. Even students who don’t have a private study area remain organized. A bag or drawer keeps essential supplies together and cuts down time-wasting searches.( Paul Melendres是一名来自新墨西哥州的优等生，他有两个文件夹——一个放当天的作业，另一个放已完成的论文和评分。Melendres的方法实际上被证明是有效的。即使没有私人学习区域的学生也可以做到有条理。一个袋子或抽屉把必需品放在一起，减少了浪费时间的搜索。)”可知，本段主要建议学生要有条理。选项A“Get organized(有条理)”符合本段主要内容。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据段首句“Neat papers are likely to get higher grades than sloppy ones.(整洁的论文可能比凌乱的论文得到更高的分数。)”可知，整洁的论文能得到更高的分数。选项D“No matter how good it really is(不管它真的有多好)”和空后“you can’t believe it taste good if it’s presented on a dirty plate.(如果把它放在脏盘子里，你简直不敢相信它很好吃。)”则进一步解释了整洁的论文的必要性。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据空后的标点“，”以及空后内容“I asked him to repeat it(我让他重复一遍)”可判断，空前为从句。选项E“If I don’t understand what my teacher is explaining(如果我不明白老师在解释什么)”为状语从句，且内容上和下文的“repeat it”保持一致。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“As part of her note-taking, Domenica Roman emphasizes points she thinks may be covered during exams. Later she designs tentative (试验性的) test questions based on those points and gives herself a written examination before test day.(作为笔记的一部分，Domenica Roman强调了她认为考试中可能会涉及的知识点。后来，她根据这些知识点设计试探性的考题，并在考试前给自己做一次笔试。)”可知，本段建议学生考前进行自测。选项C“I will go back and review(我回去复习一下)”和空前“If I can’t answer the questions satisfactorily,(如果我不能令人满意地回答问题)”内容一致，指的是如果自测时发现问题，可以及时复习巩固。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When our pet dog, Brandy, met the three ducklings we rescued, they took small bites of her soft hair. She was ____21____ but she didn’t stop them from doing that. She was ____22____ to mother these ducklings as if they were her own. All feedings and playtimes from that time on were conducted ____23____ Brandy’s watch.
The ducklings followed her everywhere and she always made sure they were not ____24____. If one ____25____ off, she’d herd it back to the other two. At naptime, they’d snuggle (偎依) with her in her ____26____. The first time they ____27____ Brandy to her water bowl, they dove right in. Brandy looked at me ____28____ to say, “What am I supposed to do about this?” But she let them swim in it while ____29____ water with quick movements of her tongue.
Once the ducks matured, we ____30____ them at the pond near ____31____ we found them. They soon flew south for the winter. It was sad to see them go, but we were comforted that they had learned the ____32____ skills they needed. Now, Brandy ____33____ has some energy in her step when she realizes we’re walking to the ____34____ — perhaps hoping her ducks will ____35____ when the weather warms up.
21. A. joyful B. nervous C. calm D. curious
22. A. determined B. hesitant C. qualified D. unwilling
23. A. beyond B. inside C. under D. through
24. A. put away B. brought up C. taken back D. left behind
25. A. knocked B. wandered C. broke D. drove
26. A. head B. face C. eyes D. hair
27. A. persuaded B. followed C. permitted D. invited
28. A. as if B. only if C. even if D. what if
29. A. playing B. pumping C. carrying D. drinking
30. A. raised B. abandoned C. released D. seized
31. A. where B. what C. which D. when
32. A. communication B. management C. performance D. survival
33. A. always B. merely C. seldom D. hardly
34. A. house B. garden C. pond D. park
35. A. leave B. return C. grow D. swim
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者的宠物狗Brandy和三只小鸭子之间的故事，Brandy把救回来的三只小鸭子当作自己的孩子一样照顾，鸭子们长大后被放走了，Brandy每次去池塘都显得很有活力，她或许是希望天气变暖时小鸭子们能回来。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很紧张，但她并没有阻止它们那样做。A. joyful高兴的；B. nervous紧张的；C. calm冷静的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“they took small bites of her soft hair”及下文的转折“but she didn’t stop them from doing that”可知，小鸭子们啄Brandy的毛，Brandy虽然紧张，但是并没有阻止，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她决心要把这些小鸭子当作自己的孩子来照顾。A. determined决心，决定；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. qualified有资格的；D. unwilling不愿意的。下文提到小鸭子们所有的喂食和玩耍时间都是在Brandy的看管下进行的，故此处指她决心把小鸭子当作自己的孩子来照顾，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，所有的喂食和玩耍时间都是在Brandy的看管下进行的。A. beyond超出；B. inside在……里面；C. under在……下面，由……控制（管理或经营）；D. through通过。根据上文“mother these ducklings as if they were her own”可知，Brandy应是精心照顾小鸭子们，所有的喂食和玩耍时间都是在Brandy的看管下进行的，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：小鸭子们到哪里都跟着她，她总是确保它们不会被落下。A. put away收起，放好；B. brought up养育；C. taken back带回；D. left behind抛下，留下。根据“The ducklings followed her everywhere”可知，无论Brandy去哪，小鸭子们都跟着，不会被单独抛下，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果有一只走散了，她就会把它赶回去找另外两只。A. knocked敲；B. wandered游荡，闲逛；C. broke打破；D. drove驾驶。根据“she’d herd it back to the other two”可知，此处指如果有一只小鸭子走散了，Brandy会把它赶回去，wander off走失，离散，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：午睡时，它们会依偎在她的茸毛里。A. head头；B. face脸；C. eyes眼睛；D. hair头发。根据“they’d snuggle (偎依) with her”可知，小鸭子午睡时会依偎着Brandy，Brandy是一只宠物狗，故此处指在她的茸毛里。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们第一次跟着Brandy走到她的水碗旁时，就一头扎了进去。A. persuaded说服；B. followed跟随；C. permitted允许，准许；D. invited邀请。根据上文“The ducklings followed her everywhere”以及空后“they dove right in.”可知，小鸭子们总是跟着Brandy，此处指第一次跟着Brandy到水碗边上时，它们一头扎进去，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：Brandy看着我，好像在说：“这件事我该怎么办？”A. as if好像；B. only if只有；C. even if即使，虽然；D. what if如果……怎么办。根据“Brandy looked at me”可知，Brandy对小鸭子们很无奈，看着作者似乎在说：“这件事我该怎么办？”故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她让他们在里面游泳，同时用舌头快速运动喝水。A. playing玩；B. pumping用泵抽送，涌出；C. carrying携带；D. drinking喝。根据“with quick movements of her tongue”可知，Brandy快速从水碗里喝水，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：等鸭子们长大了，我们就把它们放回我们发现它们的地方附近的池塘里。A. raised提升，举起；B. abandoned遗弃；C. released释放，放走；D. seized抓住。根据下文“They soon flew south for the winter. (它们很快飞往南方过冬)”可知，作者放走了小鸭子，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意同上。A. where哪里；B. what什么；C. which哪一个；D. when何时。分析句子可知，此处引导宾语从句，作介词near的宾语，结合句意可知，此处指“在我们发现它们的地方的附近”，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用连接副词where引导。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到它们离开，我们很难过，但让我们感到欣慰的是，它们学会了生存所需的技能。A. communication交流；B. management管理；C. performance表演；D. survival生存。上文“Once the ducks matured”提到小鸭子们长大了，根据“It was sad to see them go”及转折词but可知，虽然看着小鸭子离开很难过，但是令人欣慰的是它们学会了生存所需的技能，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，当Brandy意识到我们正走向池塘时，她的脚步总是有些活力——也许是希望她的鸭子们能在天气变暖时回来。A. always总是；B. merely仅仅，只不过；C. seldom很少；D. hardly几乎不。结合上文Brandy精心照料小鸭子及语境可知，Brandy很想念小鸭子，故知道是去池塘，她的脚步就总是很有活力，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. house房子；B. garden花园；C. pond池塘；D. park公园。根据上文“we ____10____ them at the pond”可知，小鸭子是被放生到池塘里，所以此处指当Brandy意识到我们正走向池塘时，她的脚步总是很有活力，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. leave离开；B. return返回；C. grow成长；D. swim游泳。根据语境及“when the weather warms up”可知，Brandy希望天气变暖时鸭子们还会回来，故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ancient Chinese thinkers regarded nature, with human beings included in it, ____36____ the world of life. All living things in the world have ____37____ (they) own lives and state of being. “Life and its state of being is most ____38____ (worth) of appreciation,” said Cheng Hao, a Confucian scholar in the Song Dynasty, “From such appreciation, people could draw ____39____ greatest spiritual delight.”
Confucian scholars in the Song and Ming Dynasties all enjoyed observing the state of being of living things. Zhou Dunyi, for example, allowed the grass ____40____ (grow) in front of his window without cutting it. When he ____41____ (ask) why, Zhou explained that the natural growth of grass was in line with his idea of living things. He observed the ____42____ (create) of life and the state of being of living things in the world through the grass. The state of being of the grass was similar to the state of being of people, ____43____ the experience of this resemblance gave him great pleasure. He felt great joy from ____44____ (observe) living things. He would often appreciate the fish he kept, and enjoyed watching newly hatched chicks. To him, the lively and lovely chicks ____45____ (well) represented the state of being.
【答案】36. as 37. their
38. worthy 39. the
40. to grow
41. was asked
42. creation
43 and 44. observing
45. best
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国古代思想家关于自然的观点。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国古代思想家把包括人在内的自然视为生命的世界。结合句意可知，此处指“把自然视为生命的世界”，用动词短语regard…as“将……视为”，故填as。
【37题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：世界上所有的生物都有自己的生命和存在状态。空处修饰名词lives，应用形容词性物主代词，one’s own某人自己的，故填their。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“生命和它的存在状态是最值得欣赏的，”宋朝儒家学者程颢说，“从这样的欣赏中，人们可以获得最大的精神愉悦。”此处应填形容词作表语，结合空后的“of appreciation”可知，此处考查固定短语be worthy of sth“值得，配得上”，故填worthy。
【39题详解】
考查定冠词。句意同上。形容词最高级greatest前加定冠词，故填the。
40题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：宋明时期的儒家学者都喜欢观察生物的存在状态。例如，周敦颐，让他窗前的草生长而不修剪。allow…to do sth允许……做某事，故此处用动词不定式，故填to grow。
【41题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当被问及为什么时，周解释说，草的自然生长符合他对生物的看法。主语he和动词ask之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词用was，故填was asked。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：他通过草丛观察生命的产生和世间生物的存在状态。结合空前的the可知，空处应填名词形式作宾语，表抽象意义，不可数，故填creation。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：草存在状态和人的存在状态是相似的，这种相似的体验给了他极大的快乐。结合句意可知，空前后是并列顺承关系，应用连词and连接，故填and。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。句意：他从观察生物中感到极大的快乐。此处应用动名词作介词from的宾语，故填observing。
【45题详解】
考查副词最高级。句意：对他来说，活泼可爱的小鸡最能代表生命的状态。结合句意可知，此处指“活泼可爱的小鸡最能代表生命的状态”，应用副词最高级，故填best。
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（共1小题，满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，最近赴英国伦敦参加短期交流项目。期间受到当地学生Susan的热情接待和关照。请你给她写一封感谢信，内容包括：
1. 表达谢意；
2. 感谢的原因。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Susan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Susan,
I’m writing to thank you for those wonderful days in London. I will never forget my visit.
I was a little anxious before I arrived in London because I didn’t know what to expect. But when I arrived, I knew there’s no need to worry. You gave me a very warm welcome and made me feel at home very quickly. I will always remember your kindness and hospitality. And thank you also for arranging so many interesting activities, which I know took a great deal of your precious time.
It was very kind of you to do so much for me and I appreciate it more than I can say.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国学生Susan写一封感谢信，表示对她给予你的帮助的感谢。
【详解】1.词汇积累
到达：arrive in→reach
迅速：quickly→rapidly
记得：remember→keep in mind
宝贵的：precious→valuable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It was very kind of you to do so much for me and I appreciate it more than I can say.
拓展句：It was very kind of you to do so much for me, which I appreciate more than I can say.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I was a little anxious before I arrived in London because I didn’t know what to expect.（运用了before和because引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】And thank you also for arranging so many interesting activities, which I know took a great deal of your precious time.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节 读后续写（共1小题，满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A picture book stood quietly on the shelf of a children’s bookstore, waiting for young readers to read it.
One day, a little girl came. She sat down on the ground and read the picture book with interest. Then she put it back on the shelf, took out her pocket and said to the book, “I love you so much, but I can’t afford you. My father is working out of the town, and my mother is ill now. You see, my pocket is empty. I have no money.”
The next day, the little girl came again. She read the picture book again, and wrote a note, reading: “I want to read you once more, but I can’t come tomorrow because I will go to the hospital to take care of my mother. Can you fly over to my house like a bird? The note has my home address on it.” She put the note into the book, and left the bookstore.
How the picture book wanted to fly into the arms of the little girl! Books needed readers who liked them most, just like the little girl needed her mother. But it was not a bird. It could not fly, and its hardcover could not flap like wings. The picture book could do nothing but huddle (蜷缩) in the middle of the books, waiting for the girl to come again.
One day, there was a big boy who loved reading. He put all the books he liked into his shopping basket, including the picture book. His mother paid the bill for all the books without saying anything.
The big boy had his own bookshelf in his room, with all kinds of books ranked neatly on it. He began to read one book after another that he had bought. When he got to the picture book, he found the note. He was so surprised that he gave it to his mother. His mother read it and was deeply touched, knowing that there was a little girl who loved the picture book but could not afford it. They resolved to deliver the picture book to the address that the little girl had written on the note.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．续写部分分为两段每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
The next day, the deliveryman returned the picture book, saying the girl could not be reached.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Until one day, the big boy heard a woman and a girl talking in the house.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The next day, the deliveryman returned the picture book, saying the girl could not be reached. The boy felt that what they had done was wrong and that the picture book should fly to the little girl by itself. So he wrote a note as well, reading “I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. It took me some days to practise flying so that I could fly to your house.” The boy put it in the book and took them to the little girl’s house. But there was no one at home. Her neighbor told him that the girl’s mother was in hospital and that she had to stay with her. To make sure the book could fly onto the girl’s hands, he resolved to pay a visit to her house after school every day.
Until one day, the big boy heard a woman and a girl talking in the house. He knocked at the door and heard someone answer it. He gently laid the picture book at the door, and quickly hid himself behind the house. The girl came out and looked around, only to find the book. She picked it up, read the note, and screamed excitedly, “Mom, my favorite picture book does fly over to me.” Her mother was amazed, and then said to her with a smile, “Your dream is to have your favorite book fly home. You see, it has come true. Remember, always have a dream, never despair!”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个小女孩来到一家儿童书店，她很喜欢其中一本图画书，她读完后又放回原处，因为她买不起，第二天小女孩又来到书店再次读了一遍这本书，并写了一张纸条，说还想读这本书，但是明天不能来了，因为要去医院照顾妈妈，希望书能像鸟一样飞到自己家，并留下自己的家庭地址，后来这本书被一个大男孩买走，他发现了那张纸条，他的妈妈看完后深受感动，他们决定把图画书送到小女孩的家里。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天，快递员退回了这本图画书，说联系不上那个女孩。”可知，第一段可描写大男孩亲自去送书却发现小女孩不在家，于是他每天放学后都去她家等。
②由第二段首句内容“直到有一天，大男孩听到一个女人和一个女孩在房子里说话。”可知，第二段可描写大男孩成功把书送给了小女孩以及小女孩的反应。
2.续写线索：写纸条——送书无果——每天都去小女孩家——小女孩回家——送书——小女孩很兴奋——妈妈惊讶并鼓励
3.词汇激活
行为类
①确保：make sure/ensure
②决心做某事：resolve to do/decide to do
③实现：come true/be realized
情绪类
①兴奋：excitedly/with excitement
②惊讶：amazed/surprised
【点睛】[高分句型1] The boy felt that what they had done was wrong and that the picture book should fly to the little girl by itself. （由连接词that引导的两个宾语从句和what引导的主语从句）
[高分句型2] It took me some days to practise flying so that I could fly to your house. （由so that引导的目的状语从句）
[高分句型3] The girl came out and looked around, only to find the book.（运用了“only+动词不定式”作结果状语）
听力1—5 CBCAC 6—10 BCBAC 11—15 BCABA 16—20 CABCA