山西省大同市2023届高三英语第一次阶段性模拟试题B卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份山西省大同市2023届高三英语第一次阶段性模拟试题B卷（Word版附解析），共23页。
大同市高三年级阶段性模拟测试B卷
英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上相应的位置。
2.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题上无效。
3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用0.5mm黑色笔迹签字笔写在答题卡上。
4.考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
5.本试题共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the discount on the books?
A. 15%. B. 35%. C. 40%.
2. What does the man think of chemistry?
A. Too hard, B. So boring. C. Very easy.
3 What is Mr. Sanford doing now?
A. Visiting a factory. B. Working at home. C. Having an interview.
4. What food do the man’s kids love?
A. Apples. B. Bananas. C. Candy.
5. What does the man want the woman to do?
A. Help to cut his hair. B. Lend him some money. C. Go to a barber shop.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7小题。
6. Where are the speakers going to have the party?
A. In the dining room. B. In the music room. C. In the meeting room.
7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Parent and child. B. Boss and employee. C. Teacher and student.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10小题。
8. What grade is the boy in?
A. Grade 2. B. Grade 3. C. Grade 5.
9. Where are the speakers?
A. At a mall. B. In a library. C. In a classroom.
10. What will the boy bring his father?
A. A book. B. A letter. C. A newspaper.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。
11. What was the weather like during the Browns’ trip?
A. So warm. B. Too hot. C. Very cool.
12. How are the hotels in Venezuela?
A. Excellent and not expensive. B. Cheap but not good. C. Nice but too expensive.
13. What was the woman advised to buy in Venezuela?
A. Daily stuff. B. Gold jewelry. C. Fancy clothes.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16小题。
14. What is wrong with Peter?
A. He is ill. B. He is tired. C. He is hungry.
15. What will Peter do tomorrow?
A. Take an exam. B. Buy some books. C. Rest at home.
16. Where will Lily go next?
A. To a school. B. To a drugstore. C. To a restaurant.
听第10段材料，回答第17至 20小题。
17. How old was Brooks when she began writing?
A. 11. years old. B. 13 years old. C. 17 years old.
18. What did Brooks write about in her early poetry?
A. Her poor childhood. B. The beautiful scenery. C. The blacks’ life.
19. What did President John F. Kennedy ask Brooks to do in 1962?
A. Teach how to write creatively. B. Speak at a poetry festival. C. Found the Gwendolyn Brook Center.
20. Why did Brooks win praise?
A. She helped many problem students. B. She taught throughout the country. C. She wrote poems about real life.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
SHARK CONSERVATION IN SOUTH AFRICA
Take a two-week trip that you will never forget as a volunteer with sharks on a beautiful stretch of South Africa’s coastline. Head out to sea to witness one of the world’s most powerful (and most misunderstood) creatures on this inspiring project, enjoying watching them from both above and below water.
The DAY-BY-DAY schedule
Day 1: Arrive in Cape Town on a Sunday. You will be collected from the airport and spend your first night in a guest house in the city centre.
Day 2: You will be collected bright and early from the guest house and taken down to the project. The drive takes about 90 minutes. You will receive a welcome and head out to sea to witness your first sharks!
Day 3+: Most days you will be out on the boat with the sharks, depending on weather. Help out with the full range of tasks on the boats, and in conservation initiatives on land too.
Last day: On the final day of your project you will be taken back to Cape Town for your onward travel.
The price is £829,including the voluntary work programme with accommodations, airport transfers, one night in a guest house in Cape Town, breakfasts daily and lunches when on the boats. Your trip can be extended at a cost of £ 375 per week.
It is an amazing experience! Some volunteers planned to stay for 4 weeks, extended to 6 weeks and still didn’t want to come home. If you’d like to chat about this holiday or need help, we’re very happy to help.
Call us at 01273 823 700.
Email us at rosy@responsibletravel.com.
1. When will you really begin your shark watching trip?
A. On a Friday. B. On a Saturday.
C On a Sunday. D. On a Monday.
2. What will you probably do on the third day if weather permits?
A. Sail on the ocean.
B. Return to Cape Town.
C. Buy some souvenirs.
D. Dive with sharks.
3. How much will you spend on a three-week shark conservation trip?
A. £ 375. B. £ 750. C. £ 829. D. £ 1,204.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个为期二周的鲨鱼保护之旅的具体安排和活动细节。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The DAY-BY-DAY schedule中“Day 1: Arrive in Cape Town on a Sunday.( 星期天到达开普敦。) ”和“Day 2: You will receive a welcome and head out to sea to witness your first sharks!( 您将受到欢迎，并出海见证您的第一条鲨鱼！)”可知，周日到达观测鲨鱼的地方，第二天看到第一条鲨鱼。由此可知，在这次观测鲨鱼之旅的日程安排中，周一可以开始观测鲨鱼之旅。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 3+: Most days you will be out on the boat with the sharks, depending on weather.( 第三天以后:根据天气情况，大部分时间你会和鲨鱼一起出海。)”可知，如果天气情况许可，第三天你海上航行观测鲨鱼。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Take a two-week trip…”和倒数第四段“The price is £829,including the voluntary work programme with accommodations,  airport transfers, one night in a guest house in Cape Town, breakfasts daily and lunches when on the boats. Your trip can be extended at a cost of £ 375 per week.( 价格为829英镑，包括志愿工作计划，包括住宿、机场接送、在开普敦的宾馆住一晚、每天早餐和船上午餐。您的旅行可以延长，每周费用为375英镑。)可知，因为这是一个两周的旅行项目，所以为期三周的鲨鱼保护之旅，你需要支付：£829+£375=£1204。故选D。
B
I used to be the most determined resolution-maker. Even as a child, I was always goal-centered and loved the feeling of accomplishing things, and every January 1st, I would sit down and write out my resolutions for the upcoming year. And what resolutions they were! I always picked big goals, like: In the New Year, I will lose 50 pounds! And run a marathon!
The problem? I’d start out strong, but by February or March, I’d be out of willpower and I’d slide quietly back into my old habits. Every winter, I’d feel guilty and ashamed, looking back at all of the amazing things… I think one of my biggest problems with New Years resolutions was wanting to “dream big” but not having the skills and ability to do those things.
Now I take the opposite approach I’m all about the little goals. First, little goals are easy to set. Instead of saying I’m going to run a marathon, I’ve decided I’m going to run 20 minutes three days a week. Second, little goals are easier to accomplish. Every time I check one of my mini goals off my list, I feel a burst of pride and accomplishment. It’s a great feeling, and I don’t have to wait until the end of the year to enjoy it!
The other great thing about making small goals instead of resolutions is that you can build small goals on top of each other, adding the achievements together. For instance, recently I decided to make sure I ate five servings of fruits and vegetables a day. After a few months, this became a solid habit.
4. Why did the author feel guilty and ashamed?
A. Because she picked big goals as her resolutions.
B. Because she failed to accomplish her resolutions.
C. Because she concentrated on the amazing things.
D. Because she loved the sense of accomplishment.
5. How did the author solve her problem?
A. She began to make small goals. B. She returned to her old habits.
C. She changed her attitude to dreams. D. She gave up making any resolutions.
6. What did the author want to say in the last paragraph?
A. Small goals are easy to achieve. B. Small goals lead to big achievements.
C. Persistence brings about good habits. D. Resolutions are worse than mini goals.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Make New Year’s Resolutions B. Combine Big and Small Goals
C. Set Small Goals not Big Ones D. Dream Big and Take Action
【答案】4 B 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者从还是一个孩子时就开始在每年的1月1日坐下来写下来新年愿望，但定下的愿望太大，没有能够完成，于是就改为设定小目标进行，还讲述了设定小目标的好处。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“I’d start out strong, but by February or March, I’d be out of willpower and I’d slide quietly back into my old habits. Every winter, I’d feel guilty and ashamed, looking back at all of the amazing things… (一开始我很坚强，但到了2月或3月，我的意志力就会耗尽，我就会悄悄地回到我的旧习惯。每年冬天，我都会感到内疚和羞愧，回顾所有令人惊奇的事情……)”可知，作者感到内疚和羞愧是因为她没有完成她的决心。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第三段中“Now I take the opposite approach I’m all about the little goals.(现在我采取了相反的方法，我只关注小目标。)”可知，作者通过设定小目标而不是大目标来解决她的问题，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。 根据最后一段中“The other great thing about making small goals instead of resolutions is that you can build small goals on top of each other, adding the achievements together.(制定小目标而不是下定决心的另一个好处是，你可以把一个个小目标建立起来，把成就加在一起。)”可知，作者在最后一段中想表达的是小目标可以促成大成就。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。 根据第二段中“I think one of my biggest problems with New Years resolutions was wanting to “dream big” but not having the skills and ability to do those things.(我认为我的新年决心最大的问题之一是想要“梦想远大”，但没有技能和能力去做这些事情。)”和第三段中“Now I take the opposite approach I’m all about the little goals. (现在我采取了相反的方法，我只关注小目标。)”以及下文讲述了三个设定小目标的好处可知，本篇文章的最佳标题是“设定小目标，而不是大目标”。故选C。
C
Going against the tide of flocking to well-known tourist destinations on vacation, a growing number of holidaymakers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser-known resorts. Reverse tourism has appeared as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.
According to data from an online travel agency, the number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Bookings for four-star or five-star hotels in less-traveled places all increased at least 10-fold. Some lesser-known scenic spots posted double-digit growth during the holiday. Baimaiquan Park in Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, received 52,100 visits in the seven days, up 15.78 percent year-over-year.
Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations. In addition, lesser-known attractions are not as “commercial” as developed ones and are able to offer more actual experiences and environmental encounters. Essentially speaking, total relaxation is becoming a real expectation for many people when they travel. Changes in demand may be the fundamental reason for the popularity of reverse tourism. Travelers tend to choose local attractions or places with fewer tourists.
“The rise of reverse tourism is not a bad thing,” said Zhengzhou Daily. It means that vacationers now have more options, which brings more possibilities to the tourism market. More importantly, it noted, the trend is set to force popular destinations to improve themselves instead of resting on their past honor.
Jiang Han, a senior researcher, said that reverse tourism will become one of the future directions for the market. To give a real boost to the tourism market, Jiang suggested that more efforts be made to tap the potential of underrated, lesser-known destinations. It is necessary to dig deeper into the local customs and highlight the local characteristics to improve the quality of local tourism.
8. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The increasing trend of reverse tourism in China.
B. The contributions of tourism to Chinese economy.
C. The popularity of travel to well-known destinations.
D. The difficulty of bookings for hotels during holidays.
9. What may be the root cause of the rise of reverse tourism?
A. The impact of tourist crowds. B. The low cost of local travel.
C. The attraction of new resorts. D. The changing needs for travel.
10. What does Zhengzhou Daily think of reverse tourism?
A. Doubtful B. Objective C. Supportive D. Critical
11. What is Jiang Han’s advice on developing the tourism market?
A. Finding the potential and features of lesser-known attractions.
B. Improving the management rules of tourist attractions further.
C. Promoting the local places of interest through online media.
D. Upgrading the supporting’ facilities in lesser-known resorts.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了逆向旅游这一旅游新趋势，分析了其兴起的原因和意义。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“According to data from an online travel agency, the number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Bookings for four-star or five-star hotels in less-traveled places all increased at least 10-fold. Some lesser-known scenic spots posted double-digit growth during the holiday. Baimaiquan Park in Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, received 52,100 visits in the seven days, up 15.78 percent year-over-year.(根据一家在线旅行社的数据，在旅游较少的城市，假期期间酒店预订的房间数量同比增长了30%。在人迹罕至的地方，四星级或五星级酒店的预订量都增长了至少10倍。一些不太知名的景点在假期期间实现了两位数的增长。山东省省会济南的百脉泉公园在7天内接待了52100名游客，同比增长15.78%。)”可知，第二段的统计数据主要是关于逆向旅游在中国呈上升趋势。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations. In addition, lesser-known attractions are not as “commercial” as developed ones and are able to offer more actual experiences and environmental encounters. Essentially speaking, total relaxation is becoming a real expectation for many people when they travel. Changes in demand may be the fundamental reason for the popularity of reverse tourism.(除了拥挤之外，一些度假者选择人迹少的地方，以节省前往热门目的地的费用。此外，不太知名的景点不像发达景点那样“商业化”，能够提供更多的实际体验和环境接触。从本质上讲，完全放松正在成为许多人旅行时的真实期望。需求的变化可能是逆向旅游流行的根本原因。)”可知，度假者不断变化的旅行需求是逆向旅游兴起的根本原因。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““The rise of reverse tourism is not a bad thing,” said Zhengzhou Daily. It means that vacationers now have more options, which brings more possibilities to the tourism market. More importantly, it noted, the trend is set to force popular destinations to improve themselves instead of resting on their past honor.(“逆向旅游的兴起并不是一件坏事，”《郑州日报》说。这意味着度假者现在有了更多的选择，这给旅游市场带来了更多的可能性。更重要的是，该报告指出，这一趋势将迫使热门目的地改进自己，而不是停留在过去的荣誉上。)”可知，《郑州日报》认为逆向旅游对游客和旅游市场都有好处。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“To give a real boost to the tourism market, Jiang suggested that more efforts be made to tap the potential of underrated, lesser-known destinations. It is necessary to dig deeper into the local customs and highlight the local characteristics to improve the quality of local tourism.(为了真正推动旅游市场的发展，Jiang建议加大力度挖掘那些被低估的、不太知名的目的地的潜力。要深入挖掘当地风土人情，突出地方特色，提高当地旅游质量。)”可知，Jiang Han建议发现人迹罕至的景点的潜力和特色。故选A。
D
People often call music a universal language, but do certain songs really cause the same mental images in our minds? Scientists at Princeton find that while music absolutely can stimulate (激发) similar mental experiences, the results also strongly suggest culture is a major factor.
A total of 622 people took part in the study. All of the volunteers came from one of three locations: two suburban college towns in the US (one in Arkansas and the other in Michigan), or the rural Chinese village of Dimen. It’s worth noting that the main language in Dimen is Dong, a tonal language unrelated to the official language of China. Locals there have little contact with Western media or culture at all. All participants listened to the exact same 32 “musical stimuli” — which were 60-second cuts of instrumental music. Half of these pieces came from Western music while the rest came from Chinese music.
After hearing, researchers asked the groups about the images they saw in their heads while listening. Incredibly, people from Arkansas and Michigan often described very similar stories, even using the exact same words frequently. Dimen listeners, on the other hand, envisioned stories that were similar to each other but quite different from the American listeners. More specifically, one track led to Americans seeing a cowboy in the hot desert surveying an empty town. Meanwhile, Chinese participants imagined a man in ancient times reflecting on the loss of a loved one.
“There’s something about the results that’s really surprising, especially because people encounter music in 2022 often in a solitary way, over headphones. But it turns out, it’s still a shared experience, almost like a shared dream, although not universally shared, “says Elizabeth Margulis, the study author.
The results paint a more complex picture of music’s power. Music can generate remarkably similar stories in listeners’ minds, but it depends on a common set of cultural experiences. So while we imagine music can bring people together, the opposite can also be true -it can distinguish between sets of people with a different background or culture.
12. What is the probable reason for Dimen being selected for the study?
A. Its relationship with China. B. Its unique cultural background.
C. Its complex language system. D. Its long musical tradition.
13. What were the participants required to do after listening to music?
A. Exchange their comments on the scene. B. Imagine musicians’ original inspiration.
C. Recall personal music-related stories. D. Describe the picture forming in mind.
14. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “solitary” in paragraph 4?.
A. Strange. B. Outdated. C. Individual. D. Impolite.
15. What does the study find about music?
A. Culture matters when people hear music. B. Music can bring participants all together.
C. Cultures determine preference for music. D. Music’s effects can go beyond cultures.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了普林斯顿大学的科学家们发现，虽然音乐绝对可以刺激类似的心理体验，但研究结果也强烈表明，文化是一个主要因素。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“It’s worth noting that the main language in Dimen is Dong, a tonal language unrelated to the official language of China.(值得注意的是，Dimen的主要语言是侗语，一种与中国官方语言无关的声调语言。)”可推知，Dimen被选中参加这项研究的可能原因是它具有独特的文化背景，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“After hearing, researchers asked the groups about the images they saw in their heads while listening.(听完之后，研究人员询问这些小组在听的时候在他们的脑海中看到的图像。)”可知，在听完音乐后，参与者被要求描述脑海中形成的画面。故选D。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。由划线单词下文“over headphones.(通过耳机)”和划线单词所在句子“There’s something about the results that’s really surprising, especially because people encounter music in 2022 often in a solitary way(这个结果真的很令人惊讶尤其是因为人们在2022年经常以一种solitary方式接触音乐)”可知，人们只是通过耳机来接触音乐，这是一种单独接触音乐的方式。由此可知，划线单词solitary意为“单独的”，与C项“Individual(单独的)”意思一样。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“People often call music a universal language, but do certain songs really cause the same mental images in our minds? Scientists at Princeton find that while music absolutely can stimulate (激发) similar mental experiences, the results also strongly suggest culture is a major factor.(人们常说音乐是一种通用语言，但某些歌曲真的会在我们的脑海中产生相同的图像吗？普林斯顿大学的科学家们发现，虽然音乐绝对可以刺激类似的心理体验，但研究结果也强烈表明，文化是一个主要因素。)”可知，当我们听到音乐时，文化很重要，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most of us look forward to the weekend as a time to relax. But as the weekend comes to an end, many of us are missing out on Sunday Funday and instead experiencing a looming sense of anxiety and even dread about the upcoming week. But even though the Sunday scaries are common, ____16____. Here’s how experts say you can ease your end-of-weekend anxiety.
1. Structure your Sunday.
“Structure can be a best friend when feeling the Sunday scaries,” says Ficken. “Instead of sitting on the couch and watching the clock, go do something that you enjoy. “You might still get whiffs of that sense of dread, but that feeling is harder to hold on to when you’re engaged in something that makes you feel good, she says.
2. ____17____.
When structuring your Sunday try not to cram in too many chores. If you’re feeling more stress in general, it’s important to make space for relaxing activities to ground yourself. “Maybe a body scan meditation, maybe a mid-afternoon shower or bath, maybe an engaging movie or show, ” Warren says. “Whatever feels like a helpful distraction to reground from the scaries.”
3. Identify your anxiety sources.
Anxiety is a normal human experience, and one of the main ways to manage it is to identify your personal triggers. “Try to pinpoint what’s really causing you to dread the week,” Goff says. “Is it a deadline, meeting or presentation?” Even if there’s not a single reason behind your Sunday anxiety, organizing the stress you expect from the week ahead into bite-sized chunks can help make it all more manageable. “____18____.” she recommends. “One list for tasks that need to be completed immediately, another for tasks that are less urgent, and a final list for tasks that you’d like to complete at some point.”
4. Create some excitement for the week ahead.
Getting rid of the Sunday scaries isn’t just about minimizing the doom and gloom of the week ahead, either. “Having something to look forward to gives you something to think about that’s pleasing, rather than only focusing on the dread you feel.” Ficken says. It’s a form of reframing your thoughts: Instead of focusing on the awful things you expect from the week, build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend you’ve been meaning to catch up with. ____19____.
5. End your Sunday with the right energy.
Make Sunday nights about doing something for yourself, to counteract the anxiety you’re feeling about Monday. Maybe that means planning some favorite foods to enjoy while watching football. Or maybe you go all in for some self-care. “This is an opportunity to give yourself proper wind-down time. ____20____, and leave the work emails for Monday morning.” Warren says.
A. they will stress you
B. they are manageable
C. Prepare yourself for it
D. Don’t forget to relax
E. Create multiple to-do lists
F. This will help improve your mood
G. Make Sunday night all about you
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍面对即将到来的一周很多人都会感到焦虑甚至恐惧，专家就此给出了一些缓解周末焦虑的方法。
【16题详解】
根据空前“But even though the Sunday scaries are common,(但是，即使周日的恐惧是常见的)”可知，空处为主句，首字母无需大写。再根据空后“Here’s how experts say you can ease your end-of-weekend anxiety.(以下是专家给出的缓解周末焦虑的方法。)”可判断，空处和周末焦虑相关。选项B“they are manageable(它们是可控的。)”首字母没有大写，符合句子结构；内容上承上启下，引出下文。故选B。
【17题详解】
空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“When structuring your Sunday, try not to cram in too many chores. If you’re feeling more stress in general, it’s important to make space for relaxing activities to ground yourself. “Maybe a body scan meditation, maybe a mid-afternoon shower or bath, maybe an engaging movie or show, ”Warren says. “Whatever feels like a helpful distraction to reground from the scaries.(在安排你的周日时，尽量不要把太多的琐事塞进去。如果你总体上感到压力更大，那么为放松活动腾出空间来让自己放松是很重要的。Warren说：“也许是身体扫描冥想，也许是午后淋浴或沐浴，也许是一场引人入胜的电影或表演。只要能让你从恐惧中恢复过来，就行。”)”可知，本段主要内容是建议读者在周日，要注意腾出空间让自己放松。选项D“Don’t forget to relax(别忘了放松)”符合下文内容。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据空后“she recommends. “One list for tasks that need to be completed immediately, another for tasks that are less urgent, and a final list for tasks that you’d like to complete at some point.”(她建议道。“一张清单上是需要立即完成的任务，另一张清单上是不那么紧急的任务，最后一张清单上是你想在某个时候完成的任务。”)”可知，该专家的意见是列出任务清单。选项E“Create multiple to-do lists(创建多个待办事项列表)”与下文内容一致，指的是创建多个任务清单。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据空前“It’s a form of reframing your thoughts: Instead of focusing on the awful things you expect from the week, build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend you’ve been meaning to catch up with.(这是一种重塑思维的方式：不要把注意力集中在一周中你期待的糟糕事情上，而是和你一直想见的朋友喝杯咖啡或共进午餐，让自己兴奋起来。)”可知，在本段中，专家建议我们把注意力放在开心的事情上，而不是让你糟心的事情。选项F“This will help improve your mood(这将有助于改善你的心情)”是上文内容的延续，指的是如果把注意力放在开心的事情上，而不是让你糟心的事情上所带来的好处。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Make Sunday nights about doing something for yourself, to counteract the anxiety you’re feeling about Monday. Maybe that means planning some favorite foods to enjoy while watching football. Or maybe you go all in for some self-care.(让周日晚上为自己做点事情，抵消周一的焦虑。也许这意味着在看足球的时候准备一些最喜欢的食物。或者你可以全力以赴地照顾自己。)”可知，在本段中，专家建议周日晚上要留给自己，做自己想要做的事情。选项G“Make Sunday night all about you(让周日晚上全是你自己)”与上文内容一致，同时也和下文“leave the work emails for Monday morning(把工作邮件留到周一早上)”保持一致。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, a vendor (小贩) came to our doorstep, selling bundles of vegetables priced at one dollar per bundle. My mom’s ____21____ was 50 cents, no more than that, but she ____22____ to buy four bundles at that price. Politely declaring that she wouldn’t even ____23____ the cost at that price, the vendor walked away.
After taking four steps ahead, however, she ____24____ and shouted, “Make it 75 center bundle, and I will sell it to you.” Mom shook her head and ____25____ to her original offer of 50 cents. ____26____ for a while, the vendor came back to our doorstep. The deal was ____27____ at my mom’s bid. My mom paid the money. The vendor took it without even counting. As she ____28____, she swayed (摇晃) due to apparent dizziness. My mom held her hands and asked whether she had had any ____29____ in the morning. The vendor said, “No, I will need to buy some with today’s earnings.”
My mom asked her to sit down, _____30_____ inside, came back swiftly with some food and drink and offered them to the vendor. The vendor was so _____31_____ that she finished them all. Thanking my mom for all the food, she went on her way.
I was _____32_____. I asked my mom why she was so mean in bargaining for 50 cents but was _____33_____ in offering food of a much higher price to that vendor. Mom smiled and said, “There is no kindness in business, but my treating the vendor _____34_____ is from my morality, which is different from business. Remember, there shall _____35_____ be any business in kindness.”
21. A. pay B. offer C. reply D. sale
22. A. afforded B. managed C. refused D. promised
23. A. cover B. include C. bear D. reduce
24. A. walked on B. passed by C. turned back D. went away
25. A. fell B. stuck C. pointed D. referred
26. A. Debating B. Hesitating C. Wandering D. Resting
27. A. planned B. changed C. canceled D. settled
28. A. ate B. ran C. rose D. lay
29. A. food B. rest C. money D. time
30. A. escaped B. screamed C. hurried D. looked
31. A. anxious B. grateful C. greedy D. hungry
32. A. puzzled B. shocked C. moved D. excited
33. A. careful B. generous C. stupid D. crazy
34. A. patiently B. honestly C. cruelly D. kindly
35. A. always B. actually C. never D. yet
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述妈妈在买蔬菜时坚持和小贩讨价还价，却在小贩险些晕倒时慷慨相助，作者感到困惑，妈妈解释说帮助小贩是出于道德，但是没有仁慈的生意。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈的报价是50美分，没有更多，但她答应以这个价格买四捆。A. pay支付；B. offer报价；C. reply答复；D. sale出售。根据“Mom shook her head and ____5____ to her original offer of 50 cents.”可知，妈妈向小贩报价50美分买蔬菜。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈的报价是50美分，没有更多，但她答应以这个价格买四捆。A. afforded付得起；B. managed管理；C. refused拒绝；D. promised承诺；答应。根据“buy four bundles at that price.”可知，妈妈虽然不同意加价，但是承诺会买四捆蔬菜。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小贩礼貌地表示，那个价格甚至不足以支付成本，然后就走开了。A. cover足以支付；B. include包括；C. bear忍受；D. reduce减少。根据“the vendor walked away.”可知，小贩说妈妈的出价连成本都不足以支付。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，她向前走了四步后，回头喊道：“75美分一捆成交，我就卖给你。”A. walked on继续走；B. passed by经过；C. turned back转身；D. went away走开。上文提到小贩走开了，结合下文“Make it 75 center bundle, and I will sell it to you.”可知，小贩应是转身向妈妈喊道。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈摇了摇头，坚持她最初的50美分的报价。A. fell跌倒；B. stuck坚持；C. pointed指向；D. referred提及。根据“Mom shook her head”可知，妈妈不同意75美分的价格，坚持最初的报价。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：犹豫了一会儿，小贩又来到我们家门口。A. Debating辩论；B. Hesitating犹豫；C. Wandering游荡；D. Resting休息。根据“the vendor came back to our doorstep.”可知，小贩想要卖75美分一捆，但是妈妈坚持报价50美分，小贩应是犹豫了一会儿，然后答应了。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这笔交易以我妈妈的出价达成。A. planned计划；B. changed改变；C. canceled取消；D. settled确定。根据“My mom paid the money.”可知，交易最后确定以妈妈的报价完成。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她站起来时，由于明显的头晕，她有点摇晃。A. ate吃；B. ran跑；C. rose站起；D. lay躺。根据“she swayed (摇晃) due to apparent dizziness.” 及下一段中“My mom asked her to sit down,”可知，小贩在站起来时，由于头晕而摇摇晃晃。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈拉着她的手，问她早上有没有吃东西。A. food食物；B. rest休息；C. money钱；D. time时间。根据“My mom asked her to sit down, ____10____ inside, came back swiftly with some food and drink and offered them to the vendor.”可知，妈妈给小贩一些食物和饮料，所以妈妈是问小贩早上有没有吃东西。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈让她坐下，匆匆进屋，拿着一些食物和饮料迅速回来，把它们递给了小贩。A. escaped逃离；B. screamed尖叫；C. hurried匆忙；D. looked看。根据“came back swiftly with some food and drink and offered them to the vendor.”可知，小贩险些晕倒，妈妈应是匆忙进屋拿一些食物和饮料。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小贩又饿又感激地把它们都吃光了。A. anxious焦急的；B. grateful感激的；C. greedy贪婪的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据“Thanking my mom for all the food,”可知，小贩感激妈妈。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很困惑。A. puzzled困惑；B. shocked震惊的；C. moved感动的；D. excited激动的。根据“I asked my mom why she was so mean in bargaining for 50 cents but was ____13____ in offering food of a much higher price to that vendor.”可知，作者对妈妈的行为感到困惑。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我问妈妈，为什么她在讨价还价时那么吝啬，却慷慨地以更高的价格向那个小贩提供食物。A. careful仔细的；B. generous慷慨的；C. stupid愚蠢的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据“I asked my mom why she was so mean in bargaining for 50 cents”可知，妈妈行为是慷慨的。此处和“mean”形成对比。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：妈妈笑着说：“生意上没有善良，但我对小贩好是我的道德，和生意上不一样。记住，永远没有仁慈的生意。” A. patiently耐心地；B. honestly诚实地；C. cruelly残忍地；D. kindly善良地；善意地。根据“There is no kindness in business,”可知，作者的妈妈对小贩很善意是出于道德。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：妈妈笑着说：“生意上没有善良，但我对小贩好是我的道德，和生意上不一样。记住，永远没有仁慈的生意。”A. always总是；B. actually实际上；C. never永不；D. yet然而。根据上文妈妈坚持自己的报价及语境可知，此处指“永远没有仁慈的生意”。故选C。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dujiangyan is the oldest man-made water system in the world, and ____36____ wonder in the development of Chinese science. Built over 2,200 years ago in ____37____ is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this ____38____ (amaze) engineering achievement is still used today ____39____ (irrigate) over 6,000 square kilometres of farmland, take away floodwater and provide water for 50 cities in the province.
In the Warring States Period of ancient China, Li Bing, the ____40____ (govern) of Sichuan, found that the floods, happened frequently in the rainy season, and water storage was short during the dry season. Therefore, ____41____ (base) on the geographic features of the MinJiang River, and without doing any damage to the ____42____ (nature) environment, he built a special structure dam known as Dujiangyan to direct water and divert floods and sand. Thanks to the dam, the region would no longer be ____43____ (flood) during the rainy season, and water supply would be sufficient in the dry season.
Dujiangyan ____44____ (function) for more than 2,200 years. Even the earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 ____45____ the Richter scale (里氏震级) in 2008, which happened near the dam, didn’t destroy it. Dujiangyan reflects the idea that the land water and people can live in harmony.
【答案】36. a 37. what
38. amazing
39. to irrigate
40. governor
41. based 42. natural
43. flooded
44. has functioned
45. on
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是都江堰的重要性。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：都江堰是世界上最古老的人工水系，也是中国科学发展史上的一个奇迹。wonder意为“奇迹”，是可数名词，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，wonder的发音是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
【37题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这个了不起的工程成就建于2200多年前，位于中国西南部的四川省，至今仍用于灌溉6000多平方公里的农田，带走洪水，并为该省50个城市供水。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“位于中国西南部的四川省”这件事，因此用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个了不起的工程成就建于2200多年前，位于中国西南部的四川省，至今仍用于灌溉6000多平方公里的农田，带走洪水，并为该省50个城市供水。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词“engineering achievement”，engineering achievement是物，因此用ing结尾的形容词amazing修饰，意为“惊人的，了不起的”，故填amazing。
【39题详解】
考查不定式。句意：这个了不起的工程成就建于2200多年前，位于中国西南部的四川省，至今仍用于灌溉6000多平方公里的农田，带走洪水，并为该省50个城市供水。根据语境和句意可知，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to irrigate。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：在中国古代的战国时期，四川总督李冰发现洪水在雨季频繁发生，而在旱季储水不足。空格处意为“总督”，应用名词governor作同位语，特指李冰，因此空格处用单数，故填governor。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，他根据岷江的地理特点，在不破坏自然环境的情况下，建造了一座特殊结构的大坝，称为都江堰，用于引水分流洪沙。句中built是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词，be base on是固定短语，意为“根据”，此处省去be用过去分词作状语。故填based。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：因此，他根据岷江的地理特点，在不破坏自然环境的情况下，建造了一座特殊结构的大坝，称为都江堰，用于引水分流洪沙。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词environment，nature的形容词是natural，意为“自然的”，故填natural。
【43题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：由于大坝的修建，该地区在雨季将不再被洪水淹没，旱季的水供应也将充足。地区是被淹没，句子用被动语态，空前有would be，因此空格处用过去分词，故填flooded。
【44题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：都江堰已经运行了2200多年。由“for more than 2,200 years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语Dujiangyan是第三人称单数，因此空格处是has functioned。故填has functioned。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：即使是2008年发生在大坝附近的里氏7.8级地震也没有摧毁大坝。on the Richter scale意为“里氏震级”，因此空格处是介词on，故填on。
第四部分 书面表达(共两节;满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(共1小题，满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校学生会下个月将举办“国画大赛”，请你以学生会主席的身份在学校英文网站上写一则英语通知，告知学生们参赛，内容包括：
1.比赛目的；
2.参赛作品要求；
3.作品上交时间及地点。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：参赛作品entry，国画大赛 traditional Chinese painting contest
NOTICE
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Union
【答案】One possible version:
NOTICE
To promote our traditional Chinese culture, “Traditional Chinese Painting Contest” will be held in the school hall next month.
Every participant is allowed to hand in only one entry, which must be created by your own. Besides, each piece is to be displayed with a brief introduction. All entries will be submitted to the Student Union from December 25th to December 30th. Whoever stands out as one of the top ten will be awarded. The winners’ works will be posted on our school website.
Every student is welcome to take part.
Student Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你校学生会下个月将举办“国画大赛”，请你以学生会主席的身份在学校英文网站上写一则英语通知，告知学生们参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
传统的：traditional→conventional
展示：display→present
此外：besides→furthermore
参加：take part→participate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To promote our traditional Chinese culture, “Traditional Chinese Painting Contest” will be held in the school hall next month.

拓展句：“Traditional Chinese Painting Contest” will be held in the school hall next month, whose aim is to promote our traditional Chinese culture.

【点睛】[高分句型1]Every participant is allowed to hand in only one entry, which must be created by your own.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Whoever stands out as one of the top ten will be awarded.(运用了whoever引导的主语从句)
第二节 读后续写(共1小题，满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Lucy was the only child in her family. She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily. She couldn’t help weeping sorrowfully when she thought of the scolding from her mother. Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat. She stood beside a stand for a while, watching the middle-aged seller busy doing his business. However, with no money in hand, she gave a sigh and had to leave.
The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked, “Hey, girl, you want to have the noodles?”
“Oh, yes, but I don’t have money on me,” she replied.
“That’s nothing. I’ll treat you today,” said the man. “Come in.”
The seller brought her a bowl of noodles, the smell so attractive. As she was eating, Lucy cried silently.
“What is it?” asked the man kindly.
“Nothing. Actually, I was just touched by your kindness!” said Lucy as she wiped her tears.” Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles, while my mother drove me out of the house. She showed no care for me. She is so merciless compared to a stranger!” Hearing the words, the seller smiled, “Girl, do you really think so? I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot. But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby. Can you number the times she cooked for you? Have you expressed your gratitude to her?”
Lucy sat there, speechless and numb with shock; she remembered her mother’s familiar face and weathered hands. “Why didn’t I think of that? A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel grateful. Why haven’t I thanked my mum for what she has done for me?”
On the way home, Lucy made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;
Paragraph 1:
Approaching the doorway,
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Paragraph 2:
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.
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【答案】One possible version:
Approaching the doorway, Lucy was very nervous and took a deep breath. Standing in front of the door, she was afraid whether her mother would forgive her for her rudeness. But when She thought of her mother’s familiar face and the noodle seller’s kind advice, she decided to knock on the door bravely. Her mother opened the door but Lucy was so ashamed that she didn’t know what to say.
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. Lucy couldn’t help crying and said “Sorry, mom, I know I have made a big mistake. I shouldn’t have quarreled with you. I shouldn’t have run away from home. Could you forgive me?” Lucy’s mother was moved, saying “Good girl, never mind, I also should make an apology to you for scolding at you angrily. I am very worried about you. ” Tears rolled down from both of their faces and they hugged each other tightly.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小女孩Lucy和母亲争吵后离家出走，走在街上，觉得饿了，一个卖面条的摊位前停下， 摊主人知道情况后，免费请她吃了一碗面并听她倾诉，她很感恩，摊主却告诉她：“我请你吃一碗面，你就感激我，你想想你的妈妈养大你，给你做了多少顿饭呢？”Lucy顿悟，决定回家和妈妈好好沟通。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“离家门口越来越近，”可知，第一段可描写Lucy在走到家门口进门前的心理活动。
②由第二段首句内容“头顶的轻轻抚摸把她的思绪拉回来。”可知，第二段可描写Lucy和妈妈的谈话。
2.续写线索：站在家门口——敲门——妈妈开门——承认错误——妈妈担心——拥抱
3.词汇激活
行为类
①推开门：open the door/push the door open
②哭了起来：can’t help crying/burst into tears
③向...道歉：say sorry to /apologize to
情绪类
①.羞愧/悔恨：be ashamed /feel regretful
②担心：be worried about/be concerned about
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Standing in front of the door, she was afraid whether her mother would forgive her for her rudeness. （使用了现在分词作状语和连接词whether引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. But when She thought of her mother’s familiar face and the noodle seller’s kind advice, she decided to knock on the door bravely.（由when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]. I shouldn’t have quarreled with you.(使用的情态动词结构shouldn’t have done 表示“本不应该做某事”)
听力答案：1—5 BCABA 6—10 BCABC 11—15 CABAC 16—20 BACBC