山西省太原市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期7月期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山西省太原市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期7月期末试题（Word版附解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022~2023学年第二学期高一年级期末考试
英语试卷
(考试时间：上午10:00—11:30)
说明：本试卷为闭卷笔答，答题时间90分钟，满分100分。请将第Ⅰ卷试题答案填在第Ⅱ卷卷首的相应位置。
第Ⅰ卷(共65分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分15分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。答案写在答题卡上。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
l. What is the volunteer expected to be?
A. A footballer. B. A translator. C. A coach.
2. What will Mike do after school?
A. Take a ride. B. Teach science. C. Do an experiment.
3. How does the man probably feel?
A. Curious. B. Happy. C. Disappointed.
4. Why does Stan organise a fund raising?
A. To donate books. B. To help school rebuilding. C. To encourage his classmates to work hard.
5. Where are the speakers probably?
A. In the street. B. In the museum. C. In the classroom.
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。答案写在答题卡上。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. What’s wrong with the woman?
A. She is sleepless. B. She has got a headache. C. She has a pain in her eyes.
7. How long does the woman spend on her smartphone in a day?
A. 2 hours. B. 12 hours. C. 14 hours.
8. What is the doctor’s advice?
A. Use some medicine. B. Have an operation. C. Stop using the smartphone.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. How does the woman deal with her backpack before she hangs out?
A. Take it with her. B. Place it in her room. C. Leave it at the front desk.
10. Where will the woman probably go?
A. Art gallary. B. Science exhibition. C. Places of interest.
11. How will the woman get to the airport?
A. By subway. B. By bus. C. By taxi.
听第8段材料，回答第12至15题。
12. Why do people choose City Tours?
A. They can enjoy different views. B. They can buy special souvenirs. C. They can design their own tours.
13. How much does a 10-year-old child need to pay?
A.$9. B.$18. C. Free.
14. What time does the bus start?
A. At 8:00 AM. B At 8:30 AM. C. At 8:30 PM.
15. What does the speaker probably do?
A. A travel agent. B. A bus driver. C. A shop manager.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分20分)
第一节 词汇填空(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
根据句意内容，从方框中选出正确的选项，完成下列句子。答案的标号写在答题卡上。
A. surround B. effective C. procedure D. precisely E. fond of

1. The equipment can ________ locate a star.
2. It is important that you should ________ yourself with true friends.
3. He is ________ calligraphy and has won a prize in a national contest.
4. The human race has one really ________ weapon, and that is laughter.
5. Please follow the correct ________ when you perform first aid to the injured person.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. C
【解析】
【1题详解】
考查副词。句意：这种设备可以精确地定位恒星。设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词，precisely意为“精确地”。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查动词。句意：让真正的朋友围绕在你身边是很重要的。设空处置于情态动词should之后，故使用动词作谓语。表示“围绕”用surround。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查形容词短语。句意：他喜欢书法，曾在全国比赛中获奖。句中be fond of为固定短语，意为“喜欢”。故选E。
【4题详解】
考查形容词。句意：人类有一件真正有效的武器，那就是笑。设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词，effective意为“有效的”符合句意。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查名词。句意：对伤者进行急救时，请遵循正确的程序。设空处使用名词作宾语，procedure意为“程序”符合句意。故选C。
第二节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。答案写在答题卡上。
It is well known that we Sherpa (夏尔巴人) are regarded as the backbone for climbing above 8000 meters. But ____6____, there were no Sherpa on the list of 8000-meter Winter First Ascents (攀登), which made me as a Sherpa feel ____7____. I attempted to climb K2, the second highest mountain in the world last winter, but ____8____. Yet I still wanted to see our flag put on its ____9____, which had long been my dream.
This year, I made all the arrangements and teamed with three other Sherpa. I trusted them because they were strong, ____10____ and most importantly they were thinking like me — national ____11____ first. When we started on Nov. 21, we ____12____ that we could succeed in reaching the top within three weeks if the weather remained ____13____. But later, when we were closer to Camp Four, my left foot was getting frozen, so I was worried I could put my teammates in danger ____14____ I continued. They comforted me and advised me to ____15____ it by kicking the ice, which ____16____ worked before we set out again. One of my teammates, Tenzi, was ____17____ the way and fixing lines all the way. We were climbing behind him carrying ropes and other stuff. We all knew it was ____18____ that could make all of us hold on straight to the end.
December 17 finally! At 4:43 pm, we joined shoulder to shoulder to the summit but not arriving ____19____. It didn’t ____20____ which one of us got the first, but we did it for the significant meaning. When we unite, nothing is impossible.
6. A. surprisingly B. traditionally C. naturally D. fortunately
7. A. hopeless B. ashamed C. satisfied D. relieved
8. A. remained B. complained C. failed D. suffered
9. A. territory B. ground C. border D. summit
10. A. reliable B. realistic C. attractive D. addicted
11. A. pride B. security C. property D. strategy
12. A. doubted B. confirmed C. permitted D. expected
13. A. hot B. typical C. normal D. freezing
14. A. though B. if C. since D. so
15. A. warm B. free C. wrap D. affect
16. A. frequently B. actually C. hardly D. differently
17. A. losing B. asking C. limiting D. leading
18. A. guideline B. teamwork C. luck D. technique
19. A. immediately B. safely C. individually D. entirely
20. A. claim B. demonstrate C. matter D. occur
【答案】6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了夏尔巴人被视为攀登8000米以上的中坚力量，但是8000米Winter First Ascents的名单上没有夏尔巴人。作者作为夏尔巴人决定改变这个事实。他和他的队友经历重重的困难，最终登峰。他觉得当人们团结起来时，没有什么是不可能的。
【6题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但令人惊讶的是，8000米Winter First Ascents的名单上没有夏尔巴人，这让我作为夏尔巴人感到羞愧。A. surprisingly出乎意料地，令人惊讶地；B. traditionally传统上地；C. naturally自然地；D. fortunately幸运地。根据上文“It is well known that we Sherpaare regarded as the backbone for climbing above 8000 meters”以及转折连词but可知，夏尔巴人被视为攀登8000米以上的中坚力量，但令人惊讶的是，8000米冬季第一次攀登的名单上没有夏尔巴人。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但令人惊讶的是，8000米Winter First Ascents的名单上没有夏尔巴人，这让我作为夏尔巴人感到羞愧。A. hopeless无望的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. satisfied满足的；D. relieved释然的。根据上文“there were no Sherpa on the list of 8000-meter Winter First Ascents(攀登)”可知，8000米Winter First Ascents的名单上没有夏尔巴人，这件事让作为夏尔巴人的作者感到很羞愧。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年冬天，我试图攀登世界第二高峰K2，但没有成功。A. remained保留；B. complained抱怨；C. failed失败；D. suffered遭受。根据空前“I attempted to climb K2, the second highest mountain in the world last winter”以及转折连词but可知，作者试图攀登世界第二高峰，但是失败了。故选C。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我仍然希望看到我们的国旗登上顶峰，这是我长期以来的梦想。A. territory地区；B. ground地面；C. border边界；D. summit顶峰。根据下文“December 17 finally! At 4:43 pm, we joined shoulder to shoulder to the summit”可知，作者希望把国旗插上山顶。故选D。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我信任他们，因为他们坚强、可靠，最重要的是，他们和我一样思考——民族自豪感第一。A. reliable可靠的；B. realistic现实的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. addicted上瘾的。根据空前“I trusted them”可知，作者相信他的队员，因为他们坚强、可靠。故选A。
【11题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我信任他们，因为他们坚强、可靠，最重要的是，他们和我一样思考——民族自豪感第一。A. pride骄傲；B. security安全；C. property性质；D. strategy策略。根据上文空前“most importantly they were thinking like me ”可知，他们和作者想的一样，都想把国旗放到世界第二高峰的山顶上，由此可知，他们考虑的首先是名族自豪感。故选A。
【12题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们从11月21日开始时，我们预计如果天气保持正常，我们可以在三周内成功登顶。A. doubted怀疑；B. confirmed确认；C. permitted允许；D. expected预期。根据空后“ that we could succeed in reaching the top within three weeks if the weather remained ____8____”可知，作者他们预计如果天气正常，会在三周内成功登顶。故选D。
【13题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们从11月21日开始时，我们预计如果天气保持正常，我们可以在三周内成功登顶。A. hot热；B. typical典型的；C. normal正常的；D. freezing极冷的。根据上文“we could succeed in reaching the top within three weeks ”并结合常识可知，天气正常的话，作者他们会在三周内成功登顶。故选C。
【14题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但后来，当我们接近四号营地时，我的左脚冻僵了，所以我担心如果我继续下去，我可能会把我的队友置于危险之中。A. though尽管；B. if如果；C. since自从；D. so因此。根据上文“so I was worried I could put my teammates in danger”可知，作者担心如果他继续前进，会把队友置于危险之中。故选B。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们安慰我，建议我踢冰让腿暖和过来，在我们再次出发之前，这实际上起了作用。A. warm取暖；B. free使解脱出来；C. wrap包裹；D. affect影响。根据空后“by kicking the ice”以及上文提到作者左脚冻僵可知，队友建议作者把冰踢掉让腿暖和过来，这样可以继续前进。故选A。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们安慰我，建议我踢冰让腿暖和过来，在我们再次出发之前，这实际上起了作用。A. frequently经常地；B. actually实际上；C. hardly几乎没有；D. differently不同地。根据空后“worked before we set out again”并结合下文提到作者继续攀登可知，队友的建议实际上起了作用。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的一个队友Tenzi，一直在带路和固定线路。A. losing失去；B. asking问；C. limiting限制；D. leading带领。根据下文“We were climbing behind him carrying ropes and other stuff.”可知，Tenzi在前面带路。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道，团队合作可以让我们所有人坚持到底。A. guideline准则；B. teamwork团队合作；C. luck幸运；D. technique技巧。根据下文“When we unite, nothing is impossible.”以及全文语境可知，是团队协作让作者他们成功的登顶。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：下午4点43分，我们肩并肩登上顶峰，但不是个人先抵达。A. immediately立即；B. safely安全地；C. individually单独地，个人地；D. entirely完全地。根据下文“but we did it for the significant meaning. ”可知，作者他们是肩并肩登上的顶峰，而不是个人。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们谁先到达不重要，但我们这样做的意义重大。A. claim要求；B. demonstrate证明；C. matter重要；D. occur发生。根据下文“but we did it for the significant meaning”作者认为谁先到达并不重要。故选C。
第三部分 阅读(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。答案写在答题卡上。
A
The International Federation of Inventors’ Associations (IFIA) holds around 50 events every year. Here is the information of some upcoming events.
Korea International Women’s Invention Exhibition (KIWIE)

KIWIE is truly one and only festival celebrating women inventors and inventions in the world, which has driven the growth of women inventors at home and abroad. This year, KIWIE 2023 will be held online and offline so that you can view the site and the online exhibition hall at the same time.
Date: July 20 (Thurs) — 22 (Sat), 2023
Place: Hall 4, Exhibition Center 1, KINTEX
International Invention Innovation Competition in Canada (iCAN)

iCAN 2022 last year featured more than 720 inventions from 81 countries around the world and was a true global stage for worldwide creativity and innovation. This year is a special online edition. You can send your application form and video file before 10th August 2023 by email.
Date: August 26 (Sat), 2023
Website: www. tisias. org
Macao (China) International Innovation and Invention Exhibition Expo (MiiEX)

MiiEX is the first and only contest showing various inventions and new products that are intended to go to the market. MiiEX offers a platform for communication among university students and inventors, through which students will get inspiration from interaction among participants.
Date: October 27 (Fri) — 29 (Sun), 2023
Place: Cotai Expo Hall D, The Venetian Macao (China) — Online and Offline Exhibition
Malaysia Technology Exhibition (MTE)

MTE focuses on recognizing inventions, programmes and ideas which contribute to sustainability, reducing poverty, improving area cooperation, protecting our planet, and building peace. The awards especially encourage the development of local solutions to local challenges.
Date: October 17 (Tues) — 21 (Sun), 2023
Virtual Event: www. mte. org. my
Place: Kuala Lumpur City Center.
21. Which of the following events is only available online this year?
A. KIWIE. B. iCAN. C. MiiEX. D. MTE.
22. Who can benefit from MiiEX according to the text?
A. Macao people. B. Market managers. C. Women inventors. D. University students.
23. What inventions are more likely to be awarded in MTE?
A. Low-cost inventions. B. High-tech inventions.
C. World-wide inventions. D. Local-related inventions.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章指出国际发明家协会联合会（IFIA）每年举办大约50场活动。文章介绍了四个即将举行的活动的信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据International Invention Innovation Competition in Canada (iCAN)部分中“This year is a special online edition. You can send your application form and video file before 10th August 2023 by email.(今年是特别的网络版。您可以在2023年8月10日前通过电子邮件发送您的申请表格和视频文件。)”可知，iCAN活动是今年只在网上开放。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Macao (China) International Innovation and Invention Exhibition Expo (MiiEX)部分中“MiiEX offers a platform for communication among university students and inventors, through which students will get inspiration from interaction among participants.( MiiEX为大学生和发明家提供了一个交流的平台，学生可以从参与者之间的互动中获得灵感。)”可知，该活动的受益者为大学生。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Malaysia Technology Exhibition (MTE)部分中“The awards especially encourage the development of local solutions to local challenges.(该奖项特别鼓励针对当地挑战制定当地解决方案。)”可知，与本土有关系的致力于解决当地挑战的方案更有可能获奖。故选D。
B
Neudy Rojop, 29, looks across the rough, rocky road in the small rural village of San Rafael Pacayá. It leads to the home where she grew up and where she still lives today.
When she was about 10, her cousin, Carlos, was very sick. Without any local clinics (诊所), Rojop’s family couldn’t even figure out what the disease was. They could do nothing but wait. Growing up, she noticed how frequently many of those around her were getting sick. As a teenager, she started to realize her community needed better access to health care. So she determined to go to a nursing school.
But her vision was beyond being a nurse. After graduation, she realized one person was not enough to make the community better. “The people here may have common disease.” she thought, “Some are known, But there may be new diseases that we don’ t know about.” She wanted to do something to keep any illness from being a threat in the first place. She wanted to train people and do some research to monitor these illnesses and try to provide early actions, or try out new ways to prevent some of them.
Over the next few years, she and a small team brought her vision to life. They provided measures that could limit the possible risks. Olson, one of her colleagues, recalled, “She had zero clinical experience and zero research experience at first, but now she is a superstar here. Her working place is usually busy with about 300 patients per month.”
Now Rojop starts her days with a morning meeting, making decisions, solving problems and setting priorities with her teammates. “Before I was so young that I could do nothing for my community.” she says, “But now I can help because I know how.”
24. What inspired Rojop to go to a nursing school?
A A future well-paid job. B. Her poor family background.
C. The need of community health care. D. Her childhood experiences of being sick.
25. What can be inferred from Olson’s words in paragraph 4?
A. Rojop has been accepted widely. B. Rojop lacks working experience.
C. Rojop enjoys being brought into focus. D. Rojop hasn’t reached public expectations.
26. Which of the following best describes Rojop?
A. Frank. B. Flexible. C. Determined. D. Generous.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕着一位坚定的女性Neudy Rojop的生活展开，她在一个名叫San Rafael Pacayá的小乡村长大。由于所在社区的健康问题，她受到启发，开始从事护理事业。尽管缺乏资源和最初的挑战，她的决心和努力还是得到了回报。她不仅成为了一名成功的护士，还领导了一个团队，并实施了限制社区健康风险的措施。她利用自己的经验和知识造福社区并帮助他人。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“As a teenager, she started to realize her community needed better access to health care. So she determined to go to a nursing school.(十几岁的时候，她开始意识到她的社区需要更好的医疗保健。所以她决定去一所护理学校。)”可知，为了让社区有更好的医疗保健，所以Neudy Rojop才决定去护理学校。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Olson, one of her colleagues, recalled, “She had zero clinical experience and zero research experience at first, but now she is a superstar here. Her working place is usually busy with about 300 patients per month.”(她的一位同事奥尔森回忆说：“她一开始没有临床经验，也没有研究经验，但现在她是这里的超级明星。她的工作场所通常每个月都要接待大约300名患者。”)”可知，她的工作场所通常每个月都要接待大约300名患者可推断她被大家广泛接受。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“As a teenager, she started to realize her community needed better access to health care. So she determined to go to a nursing school.(十几岁的时候，她开始意识到她的社区需要更好的医疗保健。所以她决定去一所护理学校。)”可知，为了让社区有更好的医疗保健，所以Neudy Rojop决定去护理学校，以及最后一段中“Now Rojop starts her days with a morning meeting, making decisions, solving problems and setting priorities with her teammates.(现在，Rojop每天早上开个会，和队友一起做决定、解决问题、设定优先级。)”都可以体现出Rojop是个意志非常坚定的人。故选C。
C
People are always curious about researching the well-preserved masterpieces in Western history from the “Old Masters” such as Leonardo da Vinci, Caravaggio, and Sandro Botticelli. One incredible finding is that they all loved using a kind of unusual paint in their paintings.
To be exact, the artists would mix eggs into their paints to create a thing called “egg tempera (蛋彩)”. This technique dates back to ancient Egypt and can be found on many of the paintings from the Old Masters such as Boticelli’s “Birth of Venus”.
Scientists study the elements of their paintings and find that there are added proteins (蛋白质) to the works of art. The reason for that had eluded us for a long time until a new study was published Tuesday, which might tell us why.
To reach their findings, the study’s authors drew on analysis of Old Master paintings such as Boticelli’s “The Lamentations of Christ” and Da Vinci’s “Madonna of the Carnation” along with chemical data from lab-made egg tempera. They found that the egg proteins essentially created a thin protective cover around the paint with the oil in the eggs. This helped prevent it from wrinkling, discoloration while stopping it from yellowing over time by slowing down reactions between the air and oil in the paints.
The findings provide fresh insights into the craft of some of the greatest artists who have ever lived. It just goes to show that while Da Vinci and his fellows might be gone now, there are still plenty of artists that we can learn from their processes and artwork. As an old saying goes, you have to crack a few eggs if you want to make an omelet (煎蛋卷) — and, apparently, so does a masterpiece work of art.
27. What do the “Old Masters” have in common according to the text?
A. They all kept their works well. B. They shared the same painting style.
C. They lived in the same history period. D. They all used egg tempera in their paintings.
28. Which of the following can replace “eluded” in paragraph 3?
A. Excited. B. Embraced. C. Confused. D. Aided.
29. What is the purpose of using eggs in paintings?
A. To replace the expensive paints. B. To present different shades of yellow.
C. To form a cover to protect the paintings. D. To stimulate the reaction between paints.
30. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Chemical Study of Eggs B. Environmental Use of Eggs
C. The Egg Wisdom of “Old Masters” D. A New Way to Appreciate Western Art
【答案】27. D 28. C 29. C 30. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现以前的艺术家通过在颜料中添加鸡蛋，来保护画作。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“To be exact, the artists would mix eggs into their paints to create a thing called “egg tempera (蛋彩)”. (确切地说，艺术家们将鸡蛋混合到他们的颜料中，创造出一种叫做“蛋彩画”的东西)”可知，Old Masters的共同之处是都在画中使用蛋彩画。故选D。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“for a long time until a new study was published Tuesday, which might tell us why”可知，周二发表的一项新研究可能会告诉原因，说明在这之前这个问题一致困扰着科学家们。故划线词意思是“困扰”。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“They found that the egg proteins essentially created a thin protective cover around the paint with the oil in the eggs. This helped prevent it from wrinkling, discoloration while stopping it from yellowing over time by slowing down reactions between the air and oil in the paints. (他们发现，鸡蛋中蛋白质在鸡蛋的颜料周围形成了一层薄薄的保护层。这有助于防止它起皱，变色，同时通过减缓颜料中空气和油之间的反应来防止它随着时间的推移变黄)”可推知，在绘画中使用鸡蛋的目的是形成一个保护罩来保护画作。故选C。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“People are always curious about researching the well-preserved masterpieces in Western history from the “Old Masters” such as Leonardo da Vinci, Caravaggio, and Sandro Botticelli. One incredible finding is that they all loved using a kind of unusual paint in their paintings. (从达芬奇、卡拉瓦乔、桑德罗·波提切利等“老大师”开始，人们总是好奇地想要研究西方历史上保存完好的杰作。一个令人难以置信的发现是，他们都喜欢在他们的画中使用一种不寻常的颜料)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现以前的艺术家通过在颜料中添加鸡蛋，来保护画作。可知，C选项““老大师”的蛋智慧”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项有多余选项。答案写在答题卡上。
How to Survive a Lightning Strike?
According to the National Weather Service, almost two-thirds of lightning accidents occur as people enjoy leisure activities outdoors. ____31____. Here’s how to stay safe when you’re enjoying summer outdoors.
Keep an eye on the sky
____32____. Thunderstorms usually occur in the afternoon or evening. Start your hike in the morning, and finish up by noon if the forecast indicates bad weather ahead. If the forecast calls for periodic storms throughout the day, make a smart choice and consider giving up the trip. ____33____.
Before you head out for hiking, check maps to locate visitor centers, campground buildings, or rest areas along your route. Once you hear thunder, see lightning, or sense that a storm is approaching, don’t hesistate to use your plan. Hikers are strongly advised to watch continually for the nearest shelter. ____34____ .
Know the storm’s distance
Count the seconds between the flash and the following sound of thunder. Divide the number of seconds by five to calculate the number of miles between you and the storm. For example, if the number of seconds is 30, then the distance inbetween equals six miles, and find shelter immediately. ____35____, just remember that you can hear thunder at a distance of 10 miles.
A. Make a safety plan
B. Check the weather forecast ahead
C. If this simple math is still confusing
D. If you get indoors as soon as possible
E. People are struck while camping, hiking or boating
F. Staying calm will help you avoid meeting further dangers
G. Car campers can stay in the vehicles when no other shelter is available
【答案】31. E 32. B 33. F 34. G 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍在户外遭遇雷暴天气如何保持安全。
【31题详解】
上文“According to the National Weather Service, almost two-thirds of lightning accidents occur as people enjoy leisure activities outdoors.(根据美国国家气象局的数据，近三分之二的雷击事故发生在人们在户外休闲活动时)”提到，近三分之二的雷击事故发生在人们在户外休闲活动时，E项“人们在露营、远足或划船时被击中”与上文语义一致，E项中的“camping, hiking or boating”呼应上文的“leisure activities outdoors”，故选E。
【32题详解】
根据下文“Start your hike in the morning, and finish up by noon if the forecast indicates bad weather ahead. If the forecast…(早上开始你的徒步旅行，如果预报显示天气不好，在中午结束。如果天气预报……)”可知，此处是说要提前查看天气预报，B项“请提前查看天气预报”符合语境，故选B。
【33题详解】
根据上文“If the forecast calls for periodic storms throughout the day, make a smart choice and consider giving up the trip.(如果天气预报说全天都会有周期性的暴风雨，做出明智的选择，考虑放弃这次旅行)”可知，如果天气预报说天气不好，要作出明智的选择，考虑放弃这次旅行，这样就可以避免危险，F项“保持冷静可以帮助你避免进一步的危险”符合语境，故选F。
【34题详解】
上文“Hikers are strongly advised to watch continually for the nearest shelter.(强烈建议徒步旅行者不断观察最近的庇护所)”提到要不断观察最近的庇护所，G项“在没有其他庇护所的情况下，汽车露营者可以待在车上”也是关于庇护所，符合语境，故选G。
【35题详解】
上文“For example, if the number of seconds is 30, then the distance inbetween equals six miles, and find shelter immediately.(例如，如果秒数是30，那么两者之间的距离等于6英里，并立即找到庇护所)”举例说明如何计算离风暴有多远，结合下文“just remember that you can hear thunder at a distance of 10 miles(只要记住你可以在10英里外听到雷声)”可知，此处是说如果你还是不会算，就记住你可以在10英里外听到雷声，C项“如果这个简单的数学仍然令人困惑”符合语境，故选C。
第Ⅱ卷(共35分)
第四部分 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。答案写在题号后的横线上。
Recently, Beijing subway line “Daxing Airport Express” has taken technology further. It ____36____ (introduce) palm (手掌) recognition to its payment system in April this year. With the ____37____ (assist) of this technology, passengers can enter ____38____ exit “empty-handed” by scanning their palms twice.
Passengers can show their palms to pass ticket gates at stops along the line after ____39____ (put) in the palm information at the station ticket machines. Fees are taken away ____40____ (accurate) from the passengers’ account after their exit.
____41____ (compare) with the existing QR code scanning, this technology doesn’t require the user’s smartphone. People only need to show one hand ____42____ the air without touching anything. That is the reason ____43____ this technology is welcomed by the young people. “That is much ____44____ (convenient) than I expected.” said a passenger happily right after his first attempt to use his palm to take the subway. “More importantly, my private information can ____45____ (protect) by using this technology effectively.”
【答案】36. introduced
37. assistance
38. the 39. putting
40. accurately
41. Compared 42. in
43. why 44. more convenient
45. be protected
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京大兴国际机场使用掌纹识别技术给乘客们带来了便利。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：今年4月，它在支付系统中引入了掌纹识别。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填introduced。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：在这项技术的帮助下，乘客可以通过扫描两次手掌来“空手”进入出口。分析句子，设空处使用assist的名词assistance作宾语，意为“帮助”。故填assistance。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。句中exit为名词，意为“出口”，此处表示特指。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：乘客在车站售票机输入掌纹信息后，可以在沿途各站的检票口出示掌纹。分析句子，设空处置于介词after之后，故使用动名词作宾语。故填putting。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：乘客出境后，费用会准确地从他们的账户中扣除。设空处使用副词修饰动词。故填accurately。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与现有的二维码扫描相比，该技术不需要用户的智能手机。句中doesn’t require为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。this technology与compare之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作状语。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填Compared。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：人们只需要在不接触任何东西的情况下向空中伸出一只手。句中使用介词与空后的the air构成介词短语。in the air表示“在空中”。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这就是为什么这项技术受到年轻人欢迎的原因。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，引导词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：那比我预料的要方便得多。根据句中的much和than可知，设空处使用形容词的比较级作表语。故填more convenient。
【45题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：更重要的是，通过有效地使用这项技术，我的私人信息可以得到保护。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。同时information与protect之间是被动关系，该空置于can之后，故使用含情态动词的被动语态。故填be protected。
第五部分 写作(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 (满分10分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校近期将举办一场“戏曲进校园"的表演活动。届时京剧名家会到校为师生演出，请你给热衷中国戏曲的外教Mr. Smith写封邮件，内容包括：
1.邀请他参加并致辞；2.活动安排；3.期待回复。
注意：
1.词数80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
As a dedicated fan of Chinese traditional culture and especially its genre of Peking Opera, I thought you might be very interested in a special event we are preparing for at our school.
It would be a great honor to have you with us that day. Not only will you undoubtedly enjoy the amazing performance, which offers a rare opportunity for each of us to have a close encounter with this beautiful piece of our cultural heritage, but the organizers have also expressed a wish for you to give a brief speech during the event.
We genuinely hope you can be part of this enriching event and look forward to your positive reply.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外交Smith先生写信，邀请他参加学校近期举办的“戏曲进校园”表演活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
诚挚的： genuinely→sincerely
了不起的：amazing → wonderful
机会：opportunity→chance
出席：be part of→ take part in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It would be a great honor to have you with us that day. 
拓展句：It would be a great honor to have you with us that day, when we could share and experience great pleasure.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only will you undoubtedly enjoy the amazing performance, which offers a rare opportunity for each of us to have a close encounter with this beautiful piece of our cultural heritage, but the organizers have also expressed a wish for you to give a brief speech during the event.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句以及not only…but also的结构）
【高分句型2】We genuinely hope you can be part of this enriching event and look forward to your positive reply.（运用了省略that引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分15分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I was walking home from school, I came across a wallet lying on the path. I picked it up, checking on its contents. Five $20 notes inside! Wow, that’s a big money! I couldn’t believe my eyes. I looked around. No one in sight, I quickly put the wallet into my schoolbag and rushed home.
My mum was busy in the kitchen. I secretly slid into my room, carefully placed the wallet into my treasure box and locked it away. All that night, I was lost in thought and kept thinking about the money inside, twisting and turning. The thought of buying myself a bike with the 100 dollars flashed across my mind. I had wanted a bike for a long time, but each time my mom always said we couldn’t afford one. But how could I explain to my mum where I got the money? Suddenly I remembered an upcoming school science competition would offer a $100 prize to the winner. “Why couldn’t I tell my mum that I have won the prize?” A perfect excuse indeed!
I got out of bed and took out the wallet from the treasure box again. This time I noticed there was an old photo inside besides the money. The woman in the photo looked like Mara, my science teacher! I was sleepless all night to wait for the sunrise.
注意：
1.词数应为100左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The early morning, I put the wallet back to my schoolbag and hurried to school.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Soon, the day of science competition came.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】

The early morning, I put the wallet back to my schoolbag and hurried to school. I approached my science teacher before the competition, clutching the wallet tightly, and waited for the right moment. As soon as I saw her alone, I rushed forward. “Mara,” I stammered awkwardly, “I found this wallet on my home and I think it might be yours. I saw your picture inside.” Her eyes widened with surprise. Although she was a bit taken aback, she thanked me profusely and told me it was her mother’s old photo in the wallet, which was very important to her. I apologized for not telling her sooner and she smiled, saying she was proud of me.
Soon, the day of science competition came. On the day of the competition, I did my best and even though I didn't win, I felt like a winner. My mom was proud of me, not because I had brought home a prize, but because of my honesty. I realized it's not the possessions we have, but our actions that define us. And from that day on, I promised myself that I would always choose to do the right thing, even when no one was watching.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在回家的路上发现了一个装满钱的钱包。这个钱包是他的科学老师的。他幻想着用这些钱来谋取私利，但最终还是坦白了并归还了钱包，在这个过程中，他学到了诚实和正直的宝贵一课。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一大早，我把钱包放回书包，匆匆赶往学校。”可知，第一段可描写作者归还钱包的尴尬场面以及老师对他的感谢。
②由第二段首句内容“很快，科学竞赛的日子来了。”可知，第二段可描写作者在科学竞赛中明白诚实的道理，以及给妈妈带来的骄傲。
2.续写线索：归还钱包——老师感激——准备考试——赢得奖品——母亲感到骄傲——作者最终感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①接近：approach/get close to
②.紧紧地抓住：clutch tightly/seize tightly
③.不胜感激：thank profusely/be deeply grateful
情绪类
①惊讶：with surprise /in amazement
②.骄傲：be proud of/take pride in
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Although she was a bit taken aback, she thanked me profusely and told me it was her mother’s old photo in the wallet, which was very important to her.（由连词although引导让步状语从句以及which引导非限制性定语从句）