山西省三晋名校联盟2022-2023学年高三英语下学期顶尖计划联考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山西省三晋名校联盟2022-2023学年高三英语下学期顶尖计划联考试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了15，5 punds等内容，欢迎下载使用。
三晋名校联盟
2022—2023学年（下）高三顶尖计划联考
英语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需
改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？
A.₤19.15. B.₤9.18. C.₤9.15.
答案是C。
1.What does the man want?
A.A model ship. B.Some chips. C.Some toys.
2.How does the woman feel finally?
A.Worried. B.Disappointed. C.Encouraged.
3.Where are the speakers now probably?
A.On the highway. B.In a parking lot. C.In a hotel.
4.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Painting a picture. B.Making an appointment. C.Moving into their new house.
5.What made the woman wait so long for the clothes?
AA traffic accident. B.The wrong delivery. C. Not getting a message.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What does the man say about the piano lesson?
A.It's boring. B.It's interesting. C.It's expensive.
7.How much do the woman's piano lessons cost each?
A.8.5 pounds. B.10 pounds. C.10.5 pounds.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.How is Jack getting on with his Chinese learning?
A.He has given it up.
B.He has found a new way.
C.He has made little progress.
9.How is Katherine learning Chinese?
A.By watching movies.
B.By listening to songs.
C.By communicating with others.
10.Where did Katherine get her learning resources?
A.From her friend. B.From her teacher. C.From the Internet.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.What does the woman think of Mike's behavior?
A.Unfriendly. B.Unusual. C.Unselfish.
12.What does the woman advise Mike to do?
A.Be more careful. B.Share things. C.Make an apology.
13.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Father and daughter. B.Brother and sister. C.Mother and son.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.Why do the critics think the film is unsuitable for children?
A.The music is too scary. B.The plot is too complex. C.The scenes are too violent.
15.What made the man feel curious about the book?
A.Its language. B.Its ending. C.Its author.
16.Why does the woman like the book?
A.It uses humorous words. B.It is based on a real story. C.It has many pretty photos.
17.What will the woman do?
A.Buy the film tickets. B.See the film next Thursday. C.Wait for the man's call.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.Which pet may an outgoing person prefer?
AA dog. B.A cat. C.A bird.
19.What may a cat owner be like?
A.Friendlier. B.Cleverer. C.More careful.
20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A.The characters of some pets.
B.The ways of raising pets.
C.Pet people's personalities.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A

Penguin’s Who Was? series tells the incredible stories of trailblazers (开拓者), legends, innovators, and creators. The following are frequently asked questions:
How many Who Was? titles are there?
About 250 Who Was? titles have been published since the series first began 20 years ago. And with the addition of the What Was? and Where Is? series, readers now have more than 300 amazing books about influential people, world-famous landmarks, and interesting historical events.
How do you choose the subjects for the Who Was? titles?
The subjects for the Who Was? series are often decided quite far in advance. People who are the first at something, or the best at what they do, or who have made major contributions in their field—and sometimes all three—make the best subjects.
What was the first Who Was? book?
The first four Who Was? books—Who Was Sacagawea?, Who Was Ben Franklin?, Who Was Albert Einstein?, and Who Was Annie Oakley2—were actually published on the same day. So when February 18 rolls around, be sure to wish these books a Happy Birthday!
Does the same person illustrate every cover?
Just about every Who Was? cover (except two)is illustrated by Nancy Harrison, who has been working on the series since the very first book.
How long does it take to complete one book?
It can take years! And sometimes the books are finished much more quickly. From the time an author is contracted to write the manuscript, through editing, copy editing, design and illustration, to publication, it takes—on average—eighteen to twenty-four months.
1. How many Who Was? books are published every year on average?
A. About 10. B. About 12. C. About 15. D. About 17.
2. What is Nancy Harrison good at doing?
A. Writing books. B. Selling books. C. Producing ideas. D. Drawing pictures.
3. What do we learn about Penguin’s Who Was? series?
A. It is intended for adult readers. B. It is better received than other series.
C. It focuses on people with achievements. D. Its subjects are usually decided by readers.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过回答问题的方式，简要介绍了美国非常畅销的《Who Was?》系列图书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“About 250 Who Was? titles have been published since the series first began 20 years ago.”（自20年前该系列首次出版以来，Who Was?这本书已经出版了大约250本）可知，Who Was?这本书平均每年出版大约250/20≈12本。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Just about every Who Was? cover (except two) is illustrated by Nancy Harrison, who has been working on the series since the very first book.”（几乎每一部的Who Was?封面(除了两个)由南希·哈里森(Nancy Harrison)绘制，她从第一本书开始就一直在创作这个系列）可知，南希·哈里森擅长画画。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Penguin’s Who Was? series tells the incredible stories of trailblazers, legends, innovators, and creators.”（Penguin的Who Was?系列书讲述了开拓者、传奇人物、创新者和创造者的不可思议的故事）可知，Who Was?系列图书的选题主要是一些有成就的名人。故选C项。
B
Dwayne Johnson said this week he returned to a 7-Eleven in Hawaii to “right the wrong” of stealing candy when he was a teenager.
In an Instagram post, the star explained that his family was “broke as hell” when he was living on the island and, for nearly a year when he was 14, he would steal a Snickers (士力架) bar from the store on the way to the gym “every day” as his pre-workout snack because he couldn’t afford to buy one.
He recalled that “the same clerk was there every day and always just turned her head and never searched me”, but admitted that his actions had been weighing on his conscience (良心) for three decades.
Johnson documented the recent visit to the store, in which he emptied the shelves of every Snickers bar, bought them and then left the candy bars for any customer to take for free.
“If somebody looks like they’re stealing Snickers, give them these so they don’t steal it,” Johnson told the store clerk.
He wrote that he realized the deed might seem “silly”, but every time he came back home to Hawaii and drove by 7-Eleven, he always knew he needed to go in and clean out every Snickers bar they had — the right way.
Johnson racked up a bill of $298 and also tipped the clerk who had to count the dozens of bars he bought and another cashier who was working at the time. The former wrestling star even posed for selfies with fans while trying to film the visit.
“We can’t change the past and some of the dumb stuff we may have done, but every once in a while we can do something to make up for that fault — and maybe put a big smile on some strangers’ faces,” Johnson said.
4. How did Dwayne Johnson feel about what he did at the age of 14?
A. Guilty. B. Shocked. C. Nervous. D. Confused.
5. Why did Dwayne Johnson spend $298 on Snickers bars?
A. To thank the store clerk. B. To show off his wealth.
C. To realize his childhood dream. D. To make up for his past behaviour.
6. What do we learn about Dwayne Johnson?
A. He was born into a rich family. B. He was lazy when he was young.
C. He was responsible for his behaviour. D. He was once caught by the clerk.
7. What does the author want to tell us by sharing Dwayne Johnson’s story?
A. Honesty is the best policy. B. It’s never too late to mend.
C. What’s done cannot be undone. D. Actions speak louder than words.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述道恩·强森（Dvavne Johnson）14 岁时曾经偷过便利店的士力架巧克力，如今已成为明星的他为了表示对过去错误的忏悔，去该便利店花298美元买下该店所有的士力架巧克力，供有需要的顾客免费拿走。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“He recalled that “the same clerk was there every day and always just turned her head and never searched me”, but admitted that his actions had been weighing on his conscience (良心) for three decades.(他回忆说，“同一个店员每天都在那里，总是转过头来，从来没有搜查过我”，但他承认，三十年来，他的行为一直让他的良心感到沉重。)”可知，30年来，因为青少年时偷士力架巧克力的行为，Dwayne Johnson一直受到良心的谴责。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““We can’t change the past and some of the dumb stuff we may have done, but every once in a while we can do something to make up for that fault — and maybe put a big smile on some strangers’ faces,” Johnson said. (“我们无法改变过去，也无法改变我们可能做过的一些愚蠢的事情，但每隔一段时间，我们就可以做点什么来弥补这个错误，也许可以让一些陌生人脸上露出灿烂的笑容，”约翰逊说)”可推知，Dwayne Johnson这么做是为了对过去自己所犯的错误表示弥补和忏悔。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““We can’t change the past and some of the dumb stuff we may have done, but every once in a while we can do something to make up for that fault — and maybe put a big smile on some strangers’ faces,” Johnson said. (“我们无法改变过去，也无法改变我们可能做过的一些愚蠢的事情，但每隔一段时间，我们就可以做点什么来弥补这个错误，也许可以让一些陌生人脸上露出灿烂的笑容，”约翰逊说)”可知，Dwayne Johnson 指出，我们虽然无法改变过去，但是可以做一些事情来对过去的错误做出弥补和补偿。由此推知，他是一个对自己行为负责任的人。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Dwayne Johnson said this week he returned to a 7-Eleven in Hawaii to “right the wrong” of stealing candy when he was a teenager. (德怀恩·约翰逊本周表示，他回到夏威夷的一家7-11便利店是为了“纠正”他十几岁时偷糖果的错误)”和最后一段““We can’t change the past and some of the dumb stuff we may have done, but every once in a while we can do something to make up for that fault—and maybe put a big smile on some strangers’ faces,” Johnson said. (“我们无法改变过去，也无法改变我们可能做过的一些愚蠢的事情，但每隔一段时间，我们就可以做点什么来弥补这个错误，也许可以让一些陌生人脸上露出灿烂的笑容，”约翰逊说)”可推知，作者分享Dwayne Johnson 的故事，主要告诉我们弥补过失和改正错误的重要性，即使这种弥补和改正来得晚一些。故选B。
C
Be it sugar, computer games or social media, the response in our brain is the same: It produces the “feel-good” neurochemical called dopamine（多巴胺），which brings feelings of pleasure and motivation. “It may be even more important for motivation than for actual pleasure,” says Dr. Anna Lembke, a Stanford Medical School psychiatrist and researcher.
A dopamine hit brings about pleasure, which is quickly followed by pain, in order to keep us motivated. Lembke says this balancing see-saw of pleasure and pain made sense in the time of early humans, when they had to constantly search for basic needs—food, water, and shelter. “It’s really a smart method to make sure that no matter what we do, that’s pleasurable. It doesn’t last very long and it's followed by pain so that immediately we're searching again,” she explains.
But, in modern life, we live in a world of abundance, and Lembke says our brains weren't evolved for the “fire hose of dopamine” of sugar, social media, the Internet, TV, drugs or anything else so easily available. In short, Lembke says, almost every behavior has become a drug.
When we're repeatedly exposed to our pleasure-producing stimuli（刺激物），our brains adjust and, eventually, we need more and more just to feel “normal”, or not in pain. That’s called a “dopamine deficit state”, and the cycle that leads us there can actually lead to depression or anxiety.
Finally, Lembke says, this is a universal problem—not one limited to those of us struggling with the disease of addiction—that has come with living in modern life.
To maintain balance and wholeheartedness, we have to strike a pleasure-pain balance, which, in a time of abundance and over-consumption, means intentionally avoiding pleasure and seeking the kind of purposeful pain that keeps us healthy, such as exercise or resisting certain temptations. “By doing that,” Lembke says, “we will reset reward pathways and ultimately be a lot happier. It's simple but not easy, but it's well worth doing.”
8. What do we learn about dopamine?
A. It makes our body balanced. B. It brings temporary pleasure.
C. It makes us impatient. D. It brings unbearable pain.
9. What does Lembke think of the balancing see-saw of pleasure and pain in ancient times?
A. It was useless. B. It was harmful. C. It was meaningful. D. It was impossible.
10. What does the underlined word “there” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The state of feeling normal. B. Too many pleasure-producing stimuli.
C. The state of happiness. D. A dopamine deficit state.
11. What is Dr. Anna Lembke's final suggestion?
A. Experiencing necessary pain. B. Avoiding having fun.
C. Running after comfort. D. Having abundant resources.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了神经化学物质多巴胺会给人们带来短暂的快乐，但是为了避免进入“多巴胺缺失状态”专家建议我们需要有意避免快乐并寻求让我们保持健康的有目的的痛苦。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A dopamine hit brings about pleasure, which is quickly followed by pain, in order to keep us motivated.”（多巴胺的刺激会带来快感，很快随之而来的是痛苦，为了让我们保持动力。）可知，多巴胺带来的愉悦是短暂的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Lembke says this balancing see-saw of pleasure and pain made sense in the time of early humans, when they had to constantly search for basic needs—food, water, and shelter.”（莱姆布克说这种平衡拉锯的愉快和痛苦在人类的早期是有意义的，当他们必须不断寻找基础的需要——事物，水和庇护所。）可知，莱姆布克认为在古代这种平衡拉锯的愉快和痛苦是有意义的。故选C项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“When we're repeatedly exposed to our pleasure-producing stimuli（刺激物），our brains adjust and, eventually, we need more and more just to feel “normal”, or not in pain. That’s called a “dopamine deficit state””（“当我们反复暴露在产生快乐的刺激下，我们的大脑会进行调整，最终我们需要越来越多的东西只是为了感觉“正常”或者不痛苦。那叫做“多巴胺缺失状态”）说明划线句中的这种循环指的是上文提到的当人们被不断暴露于产生快乐的刺激下，人们需要更多东西来感觉“正常”或不痛苦的现象，而这种现象又会导致人们进入一种叫做“多巴胺缺失的状态”，所以推断出“there”指的是“多巴胺缺失的状态”。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“To maintain balance and wholeheartedness, we have to strike a pleasure-pain balance, which, in a time of abundance and over-consumption, means intentionally avoiding pleasure and seeking the kind of purposeful pain that keeps us healthy, such as exercise or resisting certain temptations.”（为了保持平衡和全心全意，我们必须达到快乐和痛苦的平衡，在一个物质丰富和过度消费的时代，就意味着有意避免快乐并寻求那种让我们保持健康的有目的的痛苦，比如锻炼或抵制某些诱惑。）可知，安娜·莱姆布克给我们的最后的建议是我们应该有意避免快乐并寻求那种让我们保持健康的有目的的痛苦，换句话说，就是要人们经历必要的痛苦才能让人们达到平衡和全心全意。故选A项。
D
The Dead Sea is an amazing wonder of the world:the lowest exposed spot on Earth,where the water is so full of salt that bathers float right to the top.
But today the Dead Sea is drying up, and its banks are collapsing. The water level is dropping close to 4 feet every year. The main part of the lake is now around 950 feet deep—about 15%shallower, and a third of the surface area, compared to its shape half a century ago.
“You’ve seen a living disaster in front of your eyes,“ says Jake Ben Zaken, an Israeli who says he operates the only passenger boats on the Dead Sea.
As the lake recedes, it changes the landscape around it in both beautiful and harmful ways. Beautiful salt formations are revealed where the water dries up. But there are also terrible scenes of beaches and parking lots swallowed up by sinkholes along the shore.
Solutions have been proposed to replenish(填满)the Dead Sea, but no significant action has been taken to prevent its further destruction. Climate change makes recovery of the lake seem even further out of reach.
The Dead Sea is a landlocked lake that’s partly in Jordan, Israel and the Israeli-occupied West Bank. The lake—named the Dead Sea because it contains too much salt and is not suitable for aquatic(水生的)life—has been drying up for decades.
”It’s a human-made problem," say environmental researchers and officials. In a region where water is rare, Israel, Jordan and Syria in the last several decades have diverted(改道)the freshwater sources that feed the Dead Sea, for drinking water and irrigation. Plus, Israeli and Jordanian companies evaporate(蒸发)Dead Sea water to harvest its rich minerals for export. The part of the lake with Israeli hotels, a popular spot for tourists to float in Dead Sea water, is actually an artificial evaporation pool in the lake’s southern basin.
12. How deep was the main part of the Dead Sea 50 years ago probably?
A. About 800 feet. B. About 1,000 feet.
C. About 1,100 feet. D. About 1,300 feet.
13. What does the underlined word“recedes”in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Goes up. B. Gets popular. C. Flows over. D. Becomes smaller.
14. What’s the last paragraph mainly about?
A The solutions to the problem. B. The future of the Dead Sea.
C. The reasons for the problem. D. The situation of the Dead Sea.
15. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. The Dead Sea Is Dying B. The Dead Sea Is Recovering
C. The Dead Sea—a Salty Lake with Minerals D. The Dead Sea—a Place for Tourists to Float
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了死海信于以色列、巴勒斯坦、约旦交界，是世界上最低的湖泊。目前由于种种原因，它正在不断干涸、走向死亡。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The main part of the lake is now around 950 feet deep—about 15%shallower, and a third of the surface area, compared to its shape half a century ago.”(与半个世纪前相比，湖的主要部分现在大约有950英尺深——大约浅了15%，表面积减少了三分之一。)可知，目前死海主体的深度大约是950英尺，比起半个世纪前变浅了15%。也就是X-15%X=950，可计算出X等于1117，由此可知，50年前死海的主要部分大概有1100英尺深。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“But today the Dead Sea is drying up, and its banks are collapsing. The water level is dropping close to 4 feet every year. The main part of the lake is now around 950 feet deep—about 15%shallower, and a third of the surface area, compared to its shape half a century ago.”(但是今天死海正在干涸，它的堤岸正在崩塌。水位每年下降近4英尺。与半个世纪前相比，湖的主要部分现在大约有950英尺深——大约浅了15%，表面积减少了三分之一。)以及第四段中“Beautiful salt formations are revealed where the water dries up.”(在水干涸的地方可以看到美丽的盐层。)故可猜测，划线单词recedes为“渐渐退去”的意思，结合选项D项Becomes smaller.(变得越来越小)意思一致，故选D项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段““It’s a human-made problem,” say environmental researchers and officials. In a region where water is rare, Israel, Jordan and Syria in the last several decades have diverted(改道)the freshwater sources that feed the Dead Sea, for drinking water and irrigation. Plus, Israeli and Jordanian companies evaporate(蒸发)Dead Sea water to harvest its rich minerals for export. The part of the lake with Israeli hotels, a popular spot for tourists to float in Dead Sea water, is actually an artificial evaporation pool in the lake’s southern basin.”（“这是人为造成的问题，”环境研究人员和官员说。在这个水资源稀缺的地区，以色列、约旦和叙利亚在过去几十年里将死海的淡水资源用于饮用和灌溉。此外，以色列和约旦的公司蒸发死海的水，以收获丰富的矿物质用于出口。有以色列酒店的那部分湖，是游客在死海水中漂浮的热门地点，实际上是湖南部盆地的一个人工蒸发池。）可知，本段作者主要分析了死海水分流失、逐年变浅的主要原因。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“But today the Dead Sea is drying up, and its banks are collapsing.”（但是今天死海正在干涸，它的堤岸正在崩塌。）和“As the lake recedes, it changes the landscape around it in both beautiful and harmful ways. Beautiful salt formations are revealed where the water dries up.”（随着湖泊的消退，它以美丽和有害的方式改变了周围的景观。在水干涸的地方可以看到美丽的盐层。）可知，本文主要告诉我们：由于气候变化及人为原因，死海正在不断干涸。故文章最适合的标题是“死海正在消亡”。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anyone who has an idea worth sharing is capable of giving a powerful talk. The only thing that truly matters in public speaking is not confidence, stage presence, or smooth talking.___16___
I am using the word “idea” quite broadly here. It doesn’t have to be a scientific breakthrough, a genius invention, or a complex legal theory. ___17___Or a human insight illustrated with the power of a story. Or a beautiful image that has meaning. Or an event you wish might happen in the future. Or perhaps just a reminder of what matters most in life.
An idea is anything that can change how people see the world. If you can create a great idea in people’s minds, you have done something amazing. You have given them a gift of incalculable value.___18___
But, more likely, you have far more in you worth sharing than you’re even aware of. You don’t have to have invented something. You’ve led a life that is yours and yours only.___19___There are insights to be drawn from some of those experiences that are absolutely worth sharing. You just have to figure out which ones.
___20___You’ve invented nothing. You’re not particularly creative. You don’t see yourself as super-intelligent. You don’t have any particularly brilliant ideas about the future. You’re not even sure there’s anything you’re super-passionate about.
Well, I grant you, that’s a tough starting point. To be worth an audience’s time, most talks require grounding in something that has some depth. It’s theoretically possible that the best thing you can do for now is to continue your journey, and search for something that really does grab you and make you want to go deep.
A. Everything is hard at first.
B. It can be a simple how-to.
C. It’s having something worth saying.
D. You need to have confidence in yourself.
E. There are experiences you’ve had that are unique to you.
F. In a very real sense, a little piece of you has become part of them.
G. You may feel that you’ve done nothing that would be worth giving a talk about.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述怎样用自己的想法表达，怎样做演讲。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Anyone who has an idea worth sharing is capable of giving a powerful talk. The only thing that truly matters in public speaking is not confidence, stage presence, or smooth talking. (任何有值得分享的想法的人都有能力发表强有力的演讲。在公众演讲中，唯一真正重要的不是自信、舞台表现或流利的语言。)”可知下文应该是在公众演讲中重要的是什么，C选项“有值得说的话”符合题意，指出在公众演讲中有值得说的话才是重要的。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“I am using the word “idea” quite broadly here. It doesn’t have to be a scientific breakthrough, a genius invention, or a complex legal theory. (我在这里用的“想法”这个词比较宽泛。它不必是一个科学突破，一个天才的发明，或一个复杂的法律理论。)”和下文“Or a human insight illustrated with the power of a story. Or a beautiful image that has meaning. Or an event you wish might happen in the future. Or perhaps just a reminder of what matters most in life.(或者用故事的力量诠释人类的洞察力。或者是有意义的美丽图像。或者是你希望将来发生的事情。或者只是提醒你生命中最重要的是什么。)”可推断设空中应是关于你要研究的内容不必是什么复杂高深的，一个简单的东西就可以。B选项“它可以是一个简单的操作。”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“An idea is anything that can change how people see the world. If you can create a great idea in people’s minds, you have done something amazing. You have given them a gift of incalculable value. (想法是任何可以改变人们如何看待世界的东西。如果你能在人们的脑海中创造一个伟大的想法，你已经做了一件了不起的事情。你给了他们一份价值无法估量的礼物。)”可推断下文应该和你的想法能给别人带来什么样的价值有关，F选项“在非常真实的意义上，你的一小部分已经成为他们的一部分。”符合题意，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“But, more likely, you have far more in you worth sharing than you're even aware of. You don’t have to have invented something. You’ve led a life that is yours and yours only. (但是，更有可能的是，你身上值得分享的东西比你意识到的要多得多。你不需要发明什么东西。你的生活是你的，只属于你。)”可推断本段主要讲你身上的东西只属于你自己，你的某些经历是独一无二的。所以E选项“有些经历对你来说是独一无二的。”紧扣本段的主题，和上文连接紧密，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据下文“You’ve invented nothing. You’re not particularly creative. You don’t see yourself as super-intelligent. You don’t have any particularly brilliant ideas about the future. You’re not even sure there’s anything you’re super-passionate about. (你什么也没发明。你不是特别有创造力。你不认为自己超级聪明。你对未来没有什么特别好的想法。你甚至不确定有没有什么是你特别热爱的。)”可知，有时人们会觉得自己没有什么可讲的，因为既没有什么发明，也没不聪明，更没有什么热爱的东西，G选项“你可能会觉得你没有做什么值得发表演讲的事情。”符合本段主旨，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Throughout history,female scientists,engineers and mathematicians have changed the world. But while their___21___have been massive, their names and their stories have___22___been publicized. Physicist Jess Wade wanted to___23___the stories of great scientific pioneers who may be overlooked and she___24___a unique way to do that: writing Wikipedia pages.
Wade told CBS News that while the___25___of women in science is small in comparison to that of men, she has always had___26___in the field. When she was a graduate student,Wade___27___ an inspiring woman in science,Kim Cobb,who is a climate scientist at Brown University.
"So when I met her I thought she is a(n)___28___person and I need to learn more about her. When I did a little search, I couldn't___29___any information about her. What I____30____was a Wikipedia page but it wasn't there."
That's how Wade got the____31____—to start writing Wikipedia pages for diverse people in science who don't yet have them.
In her free time, Wade searches the Internet to____32____information,and then she gets to work writing Wikipedia pages. She's written more than 1,700 so far.
Wade is now making a____33____for herself in science,and she knows she wouldn't be here without those who came before her.“We all have a role to____34____in making science a more diverse and____35____place," she said.
21. A. ambitions B. potentials C. achievements D. demands
22. A. naturally B. permanently C. rarely D. regularly
23. A. share B. choose C. read D. appreciate
24 A. thought little of B. came up with C. passed down D. left out
25. A. goal B. progress C. responsibility D. number
26. A. concepts B. role models C. safety rules D. followers
27. A. referred to B. turned down C. ran across D. took in
28. A. awesome B. ordinary C. serious D. patient
29. A. remember B. identify C. offer D. find
30. A. desired B. accepted C. recommended D. acknowledged
31. A. help B. order C. belief D. idea
32. A. collect B. post C. manage D. correct
33. A. suggestion B. will C. name D. request
34. A. make B. play C. select D. decide
35. A. fairer B. safer C. quieter D. wider
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍历史上有很多女性取得了杰出的成就，可是她们却默默无闻。物理学家 Jess Wade想通过自己的努力来改变这一现状。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，尽管他们取得了巨大的成就，他们的名字和故事却很少被公开。A. ambitions追求，理想；B. potentials潜力；C. achievements成就；D. demands需求。根据上文“Throughout history, female scientists, engineers and mathematicians have changed the world.”可知，这些女士取得了巨大的“成就”。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. naturally自然地；B. permanently永久地；C. rarely很少；D. regularly规律地。根据上文“while”一词可知上下文是转折关系，这些女士虽然成就巨大，但是“很少”被报道和宣传。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：物理学家杰斯·韦德想要分享那些可能被忽视的伟大科学先驱的故事，她想出了一种独特的方式：撰写维基百科页面。A. share分享；B. choose选择；C. read阅读；D. appreciate欣赏。根据下文“who may be overlooked and she___4___a unique way to do that: writing Wikipedia pages.”可知，物理学家Jess Wade想在网上“分享”她们的故事。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. thought little of不重视；B. came up with想出；C. passed down传递；D. left out遗漏。根据下文“a unique way to do that: writing Wikipedia pages.”可知Jess Wade “想出”了一个独特方法，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：韦德告诉CBS新闻，虽然与男性相比，科学领域的女性人数较少，但她总是能找到该领域的榜样。A. goal目标；B. progress进步；C. responsibility责任；D. number数量。根据上文“of women in science is small in comparison to that of men”可知比起男性科学家来说女性科学家的“人数”较少，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. concepts概念；B. role models模范；C. safety rules安全规则；D. followers追随者。根据上下文的转折关系和“in the field”可知是找到（值得仿效的）优秀的人或物。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当韦德还是一名研究生时，她遇到了一位令人鼓舞的科学女性，布朗大学的气候科学家金·科布(Kim Cobb)。A. referred to提到；B. turned down拒绝；C. ran across偶然遇见；D. took in吸收。 分析上下文可知Jess Wade 读研究生时，“遇到”一位从事科学的优秀女性——Kim Cobb，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以当我见到她时，我觉得她是一个很棒的人，我需要更多地了解她。A. awesome很好的；B. ordinary普通的；C. serious严重的；D. patient耐心的。根据下文“I need to learn more about her.”可知，Kim Cobb是一位“了不起的”人。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我稍微搜索了一下，找不到任何关于她的信息。A. remember记住；B. identify认出；C. offer提供；D. find找到。根据上文“When I did a little search”，可知没有找到信息。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要的是一个维基百科页面，但那里没有。A. desired渴望；B. accepted接受；C. recommended推荐；D. acknowledged承认。根据下文“was a Wikipedia page but it wasn't there.”可知Jess Wade想找到有关Kim Cobb的维基百科网页信息。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是韦德如何得到这个想法的——开始为科学领域还没有页面的不同人士撰写维基百科页面。A. help帮助；B. order订单；C. belief信心；D. idea想法。根据下文“to start writing Wikipedia pages for diverse people in science who don't yet have them.”可知Jess Wade上面的经历激发她产生了编写维基百科网页的想法。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的空闲时间，韦德搜索互联网收集信息，然后她开始写维基百科页面。A. collect收集；B. post发布；C. manage管理；D. correct纠正。根据上文“to start writing Wikipedia pages for diverse people in science who don't yet have them.”可知Jess Wade搜索网页的目的是收集有关女性科学家的信息。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：韦德现在在科学界名声大噪，她知道如果没有前辈，她就不会站在这里。A. suggestion建议；B. will意志力；C. name名声，名字；D. request要求。由于Jess Wade 所从事的工作，她在科学领域也“出名”了。make a name for oneself=make one's name意为“成名；出名”。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我们都有责任使科学成为一个更多样化、更公平的地方。” A. make制造；B. play开始起作用；C. select选择；D. decide决定。根据下文“in making science a more diverse and___15___place,”可知Jess Wade 认为，我们有责任是科学更多样化，更公平。play a role是固定短语，意为“发挥作用；起作用”。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fairer更公平的；B. safer更安全的；C. quieter更安静的；D. wider更宽的。根据整篇文章叙述，可知Jess Wade所做的事是为那些被忽略的女性科学家发声，这显然是为了让科学领域变得“更公平”。故选A。

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Two villages have been named the Best Tourism Villages 2022 by the World Tourism Organization, thanks to their achievements in balancing tourism with economic development while___36___(stick) to environmental protection.
According to the organization, 32 villages in 18 countries and regions including Austria, Chile and China___37___(award) the recognition late on Tuesday. China’s Dazhai village in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region___38___Jingzhu village in Chongqing won the recognition.
Figures cited from the county’s culture and tourism bureau show that tourism development in Dazhai___39___(bring) great economic benefits to villagers and created more jobs for them since the village started to develop tourism around 2003.
___40___the bureau has pointed out, though the village only received 32,000 visits in 2004, the number rose___41___(sharp) to nearly 798,000 in 2019 before COVID-19 emerged. The villagers’ average income among its 1,212 people of 271 households, also saw___42___rise from 700 yuan per year ($100) to over 34, 500 yuan in 2019, the bureau said.
Jingzhu village, the other village___43___(recognize) by the World Tourism Organization this year is located in Wulong district of southwest Chongqing and over half of the villagers work in the tourism industry.
The World Tourism Organization began to award Best Tourism Villages across the world in 2021___44___(promote) the cultural heritage protection and sustainable development of villages. China so far has four villages winning the title,____45____the other two being Yucun village in Zhejiang and Xidi village in Anhui.
【答案】36. sticking
37. were awarded
38. and 39. has brought
40. As 41. sharply
42. a 43. recognized
44. to promote
45. with
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。世界旅游组织正式公布2022年“最佳旅游乡村”名单，中国广西大寨村和重庆荆竹村成功入选。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：两个村庄被世界旅游组织评为2022年最佳旅游村，这要归功于它们在坚持环境保护的同时，在平衡旅游与经济发展方面取得的成就。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了非谓语动词，stick与逻辑主语two villages之间为主动关系，故填sticking。
【37题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：据该组织称，周二晚些时候，奥地利、智利和中国等18个国家和地区的32个村庄获得了表彰。结合句意可知，陈述过去所发生的事情要使用一般过去时，award与主语32 villages之间为被动关系，主语为复数，故填were awarded。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：中国广西壮族自治区的大寨村和重庆的荆竹村获得了表彰。结合句意分析句子结构可知，China’s Dazhai village in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region 和Jingzhu village in Chongqing由and并列连接作主语符合句意，故填and。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：该县文化和旅游局的数据显示，自2003年左右大寨开始发展旅游业以来，大寨的旅游业发展给村民带来了巨大的经济效益，并为他们创造了更多的就业机会。根据时间状语“since the village started to develop tourism around 2003.（自2003年左右该村开始发展旅游业以来。）”可知，此处要使用现在完成时，主语tourism development为第三人称单数，故填has brought。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：正如该局所指出的那样，尽管该村在2004年只接待了32000名游客，但在新冠肺炎爆发之前，该数字在2019年急剧上升至近798000人。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了非限制性定语从句，由关系代词as引导，指代后文中的一句话，放于句首注意首字母大写，故填As。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：正如该局所指出的那样，尽管该村在2004年只接待了32000名游客，但在新冠肺炎爆发之前，该数字在2019年急剧上升至近798000人。分析句子结构可知，此处要使用副词作状语修饰动词rose，故填sharply。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：该局表示，在271户1212人中，村民的平均收入也从每年700元（100美元）上升到2019年的34500多元。rise“增加”可数名词，前需要使用不定冠词a，故填a。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今年被世界旅游组织认可的另一个村庄景竹村位于重庆西南部的武隆区，超过一半的村民从事旅游业。分析句子结构可知，句中已含有一个谓语动词，且没有连接词，此处需要使用非谓语动词，the other village 与recognize之间为被动关系，要使用过去分词作后置定语，故填recognized。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2021，世界旅游组织开始颁发全球最佳旅游村奖，以促进村庄的文化遗产保护和可持续发展。分析句子结构可知句中已含有一个谓语动词且没有连接词此处需要使用非谓语动词，结合句意可知，这里要使用不定式作目的状语，故填to promote。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：到目前为止，中国有四个村庄获得了冠军，另外两个是浙江的余村和安徽的西递村。根据语境可知，这里是一个由介词with引导的复合结构，在句中作状语。故填with。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校英文报最新一期Hot Topic栏目讨论的话题是“如何改善免疫系统”。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.免疫系统的重要性；
2.我们应该如何提高免疫力。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：免疫系统immune system
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
The immune system is the body’s way of protecting itself from infection and disease. It fights everything from cold and flu viruses to serious conditions. What should we do to improve our immune system?
Firstly, we need to eat well. A diet high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is beneficial to our health. Secondly, we’re supposed to take regular exercise, which helps us feel better, sleep better and reduce anxiety. Last but not least, getting enough sleep is of great importance. Scientific evidence shows that sleep loss can negatively affect different parts of the immune system.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生以“如何改善免疫系统”为题给Hot Topic栏目投稿，内容包括免疫系统的重要性以及我们应该如何提高免疫力。

【详解】1.词汇积累

首先：firstly→ first of all
严重的：serious→ severe
提升：improve→ enhance
足够的：enough→ adequate
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The immune system is the body’s way of protecting itself from infection and disease. It fights everything from cold and flu viruses to serious conditions.
拓展句：The immune system is the body’s way of protecting itself from infection and disease, which fights everything from cold and flu viruses to serious conditions.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Secondly, we’re supposed to take regular exercise, which helps us feel better, sleep better and reduce anxiety.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）

【高分句型2】 Scientific evidence shows that sleep loss can negatively affect different parts of the immune system.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My world was in a constant state of change and I was having trouble keeping up. Life with Mom, Dad, and my sister, Linda, had always been comfortable and fairly predictable. My grades were good, and Linda and I got on well. We played together and fought together, the way sisters do. As the older one, I was used to being told to set an example, which wasn’t too difficult, since Linda was only two years younger, and she usually wanted to do anything I did, anyway. Life was pretty good.
Then the changes started coming.
First came a family meeting with surprising news that would change my world. We were moving. Our new home would be across the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, in another borough of New York City. We were leaving the only home I had ever known. Even worse, it would occur right before the beginning of sixth grade. Not only would I not be able to graduate from elementary school with my friends, but I would have to start middle school with a class full of kids who had known each other, and bonded, since kindergarten. Where would that leave me?
I spent the summer adjusting to a new neighborhood, literally being the new kid on the block. Making friends didn’t come easily to me, and it didn’t help being the eldest child of immigrant parents. I was different, and being different is the last thing any middle school student wants. The fear of starting a new school hung over me like a black cloud, damaging each summer day.
The first day of school arrived too quickly. I entered my new classroom trying very hard not to appear as scared as I felt, but it wasn’t easy. Twenty-eight faces turned to look up at me as I followed the Assistant Principal into the room. They all looked so cool, and some of the girls even wore make-up. How would I ever fit in? I was out of touch in every way possible. I wasn’t allowed to wear make-up or nail polish. Most of my clothes were handmade, sewn by my mother and grandmother.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mr. Bernstein welcomed me to the classroom and introduced me to my new desk mate—Janet.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We walked to the cafeteria, sat together, and opened our lunch bags.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Mr. Bernstein welcomed me to the classroom and introduced me to my new desk mate— Janet. I took my seat and Janet greeted me with a warm smile. There wasn’t time for conversation before Mr. Bernstein began to rapidly detail the requirements for our class. I wrote as fast as possible, stealing occasional peeks at Janet. What was she like? Would she accept me? I would find out the answers soon enough, during lunch period.
We walked to the cafeteria, sat together, and opened our lunch bags. Between bites of our sandwiches, we began to ask each other questions. Her responses were not at all what I expected. Home? It turned out that we lived about a fifteen-minute walk apart. Upbringing? Her parents were as strict as mine: no make-up. The smiles on both our faces broadened with each new exchange. It turned out that Janet was a very nice girl and we felt like old friends at the first meeting because we had so much in common.
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章以人物为中心展开，主要讲述作者和父母，还有妹妹一家四口生活的很幸福。但是后来搬家离开了她熟悉的地方。到了新的地方之后有点不知所措。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“伯恩斯坦先生欢迎我来到教室，并把我介绍给我的新同桌珍妮特。”可知，第一段可描写作者对珍妮的第一印象。
②由第二段首句内容“我们走到自助餐厅，坐在一起，打开午餐袋。”可知，第二段可描写作者和珍妮接下来的交流和相处。
2.续写线索：坐好——微笑欢迎——上课——忐忑——交友——相处愉快
3.词汇激活
行为类
①坐下：take my seat/seat myself
②欢迎：greet/welcome
③写下：write/note
情绪类
①期待：expect/hope for
②友好：nice/kind
【点睛】【高分句型1】There wasn’t time for conversation before Mr. Bernstein began to rapidly detail the requirements for our class.（由before引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Her responses were not at all what I expected.（由what引导的表语从句）
1——5 BCACB 6——10 CACBC 11——15 ABCAB 16——20 ACABC