四川省绵阳中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期综合测试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份四川省绵阳中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期综合测试试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

绵阳中学高2021级上学期综合能力测试英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。
1. When is the man’s birthday?
A. On a Wednesday. B. On a Friday. C. On a Saturday.
2. How often does the woman go to the gym?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.
3. What did the man do on Saturday?
A. He saw a film. B. He played on the beach.C. He went shopping.
4. What does the man invite the woman to do?
A. Travel abroad. B. Go bowling. C. Eat dinner.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A play. B. An actor. C. A book.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the man want to be when he was a child?
A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. An engineer.
7. What does the woman think of the job as a teacher?
A. It is challenging. B. It is easy. C. It is boring.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At home. B. In a shop. C. At a hotel.
9. When should the woman arrive at the airport?
A. At 6:00 am. B. At 7:15 am. C. At 9:15 am.
10. What is the man going to do for the woman tomorrow morning?
A. Call her a taxi. B. Give her a call. C. Lend her some money.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why will the man go back to Australia next year?
A. To do his work. B. To visit his sister. C. To do some sightseeing.
12. Where does the man's best friend live?
A. In Malaysia. B. In Canada. C. In Japan.
13. What will the man do first after the travels?
A. Work as a psychologist.
B. Complete his Master's degree.
C. Study for his PhD.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the woman probably doing?
A. Chairing a meeting.
B. Hosting a radio program.
C. Conducting a job interview.
15. What are the most dangerous weather conditions when flying a plane?
A. When it heavily rains.
B. When it is seriously foggy.
C. When the wind changes direction suddenly.
16 How long has the man been a pilot?
A. 17 years. B. 27 years. C. 37 years.
17. Which is the critical period for flying a plane?
A. 3 minutes after taking off.
B. 5 minutes after speeding up.
C. 8 minutes before landing.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why does the report suggest reducing the length of school holidays?
A. To ease the stress on parents.
B. To help students with their studies.
C. To prevent students from causing trouble.
19. What is Sonia Montero's attitude toward the new report?
A. Supportive. B. Unconcerned. C. Disapproving.
20. What is Nadia Salib's advice?
A. To increase parents' holidays.
B. To make students' holidays colorful.
C. To encourage students to stay at school.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
British Museum & National Gallery of London Guided Tour
Make the most of your time in London with tours of two of its most important museums: the National Gallery and British Museum. Both museums are free to enter.
Know before you go
* Duration: 5h 30m
* Mobile tickets accepted
* Instant confirmation
Cancellation policy
For a full refund (退款), cancel at least 24 hours in advance of the start date of the experience.
Inclusions (包括事项)
* Semi-Private Guided Combo Museum Tour (Semi-Private Means Group Size Is Never More Than 8 Guests)
* Professional Tour Guide
Exclusions
* Tour price does NOT include hotel pickup or drop-off (we recommend UBER or Taxi).
* Tour price does NOT include tips (optional).
* Tour is NOT available for those with walking disabilities or using a wheelchair.
* Temporary (临时的) exhibitions are NOT included.
Additional information
* Confirmation will be received at the time of booking.
* You have to provide us with your MOBILE PHONE NUMBER (including country code).
* A maximum of (最多) 8 people per tour are allowed.
* This tour will not run without a minimum of 2 guests to meet requirements. In the event of this occurring, you will be offered an alternative or full refund.
Notes: British Museum and National Gallery may be subjected to occasional closures without previous warning from the museum management. When this occurs, we will provide guests with an appropriate alternative if the museum opening time is delayed more than 1h from the tour starting time. In these cases we are unable to provide refunds or discounts. No large bags or suitcases are allowed inside the museum; only handbags or small thin bag packs are allowed through security. No wheelchair access is available. Strollers (婴儿车) are welcome. Some collections may vary throughout the year.
1. What can be included in the tour price?
A. Lunch. B. Hotel pickup.
C. Tips for the guide. D. Professional tour guide.
2. In which case might a tour be cancelled and a full refund be provided?
A. When temporary exhibitions are held.
B. When occasional closures are not informed.
C. When the minimum number of travellers isn’t met.
D. When the museum opening time is delayed by one hour.
3. What can appear inside the museums?
A. Strollers. B. Large bags.
C. Wheelchairs. D. Big suitcases.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章是大英博物馆和伦敦国家美术馆的旅游指南，介绍了两个博物馆的参观须知。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Inclusions (包括事项)部分的“* Semi-Private Guided Combo Museum Tour (Semi-Private Means Group Size Is Never More Than 8 Guests)* Professional Tour Guide (*半私人导游组合博物馆之旅(半私人意味着团体人数不超过8人)*专业导游)”可知，旅游价格包括专业导游。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Additional information部分的“* This tour will not run without a minimum of 2 guests to meet requirements. In the event of this occurring, you will be offered an alternative or full refund. (*如果没有至少2位客人，这个旅行团将不会运行。如果发生这种情况，您将获得替代退款或全额退款。)”可知，当没有达到最低旅客人数时,旅游团不能运行，可以获得全额退款。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的Strollers (婴儿车) are welcome.”可知，在博物馆里面，欢迎使用婴儿车，故选A。
B
Cimabue, the greatest painter in medieval(中世纪的)Italy, was surprised one day when he came back from his lunch break and discovered a fly was under the nose of a character he had been working on. So he reached out to touch the insect. To his surprise, he found only wet paint. Turning around, he saw that his apprentice(学徒), Giotto di Bondone, was doing everything he could to keep from laughing. Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.
Giotto was born into a poor farming family. Legend has it that one day when Cimabue was walking around the countryside, he spotted a young shepherd(牧羊人)boy. The boy was not tending his sheep. Instead, he was drawing pictures of them, and the sheep he drew were so lifelike that Cimabue stopped to ask the boy his name. The boy replied that it was Giotto, and Cimabue immediately asked him to come to Florence so that the young shepherd could learn how to paint.
In the Middle Ages, an artist not only had to concern himself with things like design and technique, but he also had to learn how to make paints. Almost all artists were men, and they began their apprenticeships at an early age. An apprentice’s job was to copy his master as exactly as he could. The unfortunate result of this imitation(模仿)was a lack of new ideas.
In fact, art in the Middle Ages remained the same for hundreds of years. The people in paintings didn’t look like real people, and the symbolism of art was often so remote that it must have been difficult for viewers to connect with it on a personal level. Giotto used many techniques that were uncommon at the time to bring the paintings to life for viewers. He painted people the way he saw them, instead of the overly tall people that other artists painted. He created three-dimensional space by using perspective, something that had not been done since Roman times. Finally, he threw out parts of the symbolism associated with medieval painting.
4. Why does the author mention the fly event in paragraph 1?
A. To indicate Giotto drew better than Cimabue.
B. To indicate Giotto liked making fun of others
C. To show the fly painted by Giotto looked real.
D. To show Cimabue disliked painting flies very much.
5. What was Giotto doing when Cimabue first met him according to legend?
A. He was taking a walk. B. He was feeding sheep.
C. He was playing with a shepherd boy. D. He was drawing pictures.
6. What is typical of medieval artists?
A. Lacking creativity.
B. Having an unhappy childhood.
C. Having a short period of apprenticeship.
D. Supporting themselves by making paints.
7. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Giotto’s study on medieval painting.
B The competition between medieval artists.
C. Giotto’s efforts to change art in the Middle Ages.
D. The most popular forms of painting in the Middle Ages.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍是意大利文艺复兴时期的著名画家Giotto di Bondone在绘画中的天赋，他在艺术创作方面的努力和取得的成就以及对艺术领域的影响。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.( Giotto在Cimabue不在的时候画了苍蝇，它看起来如此真实，以至于Cimabue完全被愚弄了。)”可知，Giotto所画的苍蝇如此的逼真，以至于把Cimabue给愚弄了。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The boy was not tending his sheep. Instead, he was drawing pictures of them, and the sheep he drew were so lifelike that Cimabue stopped to ask the boy his name.(男孩没有放羊。相反，他正在画他们的画，他画的羊是如此逼真，以至于Cimabue停下来问男孩他的名字。)”可知，Giotto并没有放羊，而是在绘画，而且所画的羊栩栩如生。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Almost all artists were men, and they began their apprenticeships at an early age. An apprentice’s job was to copy his master as exactly as he could. The unfortunate result of this imitation(模仿)was a lack of new ideas.(几乎所有的艺术家都是男性，他们从小就开始做学徒。徒弟的工作是尽可能地模仿他的师傅。这种模仿的不幸结果是缺乏新的想法。)”可知，在中世纪时期，很多艺术家从学徒开始模仿师傅的绘画，最终缺乏新的想法，也就是没有创新。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据尾段中的“Giotto used many techniques that were uncommon at the time to bring the paintings to life for viewers. He painted people the way he saw them, instead of the overly tall people that other artists painted. He created three-dimensional space by using perspective, something that had not been done since Roman times. Finally, he threw out parts of the symbolism associated with medieval painting.(乔托使用了许多当时不常见的技术，为观众带来了栩栩如生的画作。他按照他看到的方式画人，而不是其他艺术家画的过于高大的人。他通过使用透视创造了三维空间，这是自罗马时代以来从未做过的事情。最后，他抛弃了与中世纪绘画相关的部分象征意义。)”可知，Giotto在绘画过程中，尝试各种不常见的技术，所画人物画像与众不同，创作三维透视法，以及摒弃了中世纪绘画中的部分象征意义，由以上可判断，Giotto在改变中世纪绘画艺术做出的努力。故选C项。
C
Researchers from Texas A&M University have developed a new bioremediation technology (生物整治技术) using plant-based material and fungi (真菌) that could clean up per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, also called “forever chemicals” or PFAS, are found in soil, water, and even human and animal blood and may be harmful to humans and other species. They are found just about everywhere, from food wrappers to clothing. These chemicals may affect the immune system and may cause liver damage. Extremely high exposures to PFAS may also be linked to cancer.
“PFAS do not degrade (降解) easily in the environment and are poisonous even in a very low concentration,” said Susie Dai, associate professor from Texas A&M. “They must be removed and destroyed to prevent human exposure and negative impacts on the ecosystem. PFAS are so stable and they can occur in water in a very low concentration and you have to concentrate them and then destroy them.”
The only way to actually get rid of these “forever chemicals” is by burning them, which is a long and expensive process. But Texas A&M researchers have found a new way to use a plant-based material that adsorbs the pollutants. As explained by ScienceDirect, adsorption is “The use of solids for removing substances from either gas or liquid.” The adsorbent material is then consumed by microbial fungi. The team recently published their findings for the process framework, which they call RAPIMER, in Nature.
“The plant’s cell wall material serves as a framework to adsorb the PFAS,” Dai explained. “Then this material and the adsorbed chemical serve as food for a microbial fungus. Then it’s gone, and you don’t have the disposal problem.”
This sustainable PFAS clean-up system could be mass-produced for commercial use, leading to a better way to remove these chemical pollutants from the environment. It could also come in handy as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency considers creating PFAS thresholds (阈值) to its water quality standards.
8. What is mainly explained in paragraph 2?
A. PFAS’s existing forms. B. PFAS’s doubtful origins.
C. PFAS’s potential dangers. D. PFAS’s wide applications.
9. What did Susie Dai say about PFAS?
A. They are unstable.
B. They degrade easily in the environment.
C. They survive longer in water than in the air.
D. They are poisonous even in a low concentration.
10. What happens after the plant-based material adsorbs the pollutants?
A. The material gets eaten. B. The material becomes solid.
C. The material falls into small pieces. D. The material goes on to adsorb fungi.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards the plant-based material?
A. Carefree. B. Worried. C. Positive. D. Reserved.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员开发了一种新的生物整治技术，使用植物性材料和真菌，可以清理全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, also called “forever chemicals” or PFAS, are found in soil, water, and even human and animal blood and may be harmful to humans and other species. They are found just about everywhere, from food wrappers to clothing. These chemicals may affect the immune system and may cause liver damage. Extremely high exposures to PFAS may also be linked to cancer. (全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质，也被称为“永久化学品”或PFAS，存在于土壤、水中，甚至人类和动物的血液中，可能对人类和其他物种有害。它们几乎无处不在，从食品包装到衣服。这些化学物质可能会影响免疫系统，并可能导致肝脏损伤。极度暴露于PFAS也可能与癌症有关)”可知，本段主要介绍了PEAS潜在的危险。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““PFAS do not degrade (降解) easily in the environment and are poisonous even in a very low concentration,” said Susie Dai, associate professor from Texas A&M.(“PFAS在环境中不容易降解，即使在很低的浓度下也有毒，”德克萨斯农工大学的副教授Susie Dai说)”可知，Susie Dai认为，即使PEAS在很低的浓度下也是有毒的。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““The plant’s cell wall material serves as a framework to adsorb the PFAS,” Dai explained. “Then this material and the adsorbed chemical serve as food for a microbial fungus. Then it’s gone, and you don’t have the disposal problem.”(戴解释说：“植物的细胞壁材料可以作为吸附PFAS的框架。然后这种材料和吸附的化学物质就成了微生物真菌的食物。然后它就消失了，你就没有要处理的问题了。”)”可知，在吸附PFAS后，植物性材料及其吸附的化学物质就沦落为微生物真菌的食物，即这些材料被吃掉了。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“This sustainable PFAS clean-up system could be mass-produced for commercial use, leading to a better way to remove these chemical pollutants from the environment. It could also come in handy as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency considers creating PFAS thresholds (阈值) to its water quality standards.(这种可持续的PFAS清洁系统可以大规模生产用于商业用途，从而找到更好的方法从环境中去除这些化学污染物。随着美国环境保护局考虑为其水质标准设定PFAS阈值，它也可能派上用场)”可知，作者认为PEAS清洁系统可以派上用场，作者对于这种植物性材料的前景持有积极的态度。故选C。
D
When the European Commission’s LIFE program first brought together more than 20 organizations in 2002 to rescue the lynx ( 山 猫), the species had all but disappeared. Widespread hunting and a virus had wiped out ( 彻底消灭) most of the Iberian Peninsula’s European rabbits, the lynx’s main prey (猎物).
Lynx breed in captivity ( 圈 养) easily, however. Near one main release location, Iberian lynx have even learned to live in neighborhoods, in olive groves (橄榄树丛), and around highways.
“Thanks to the work carried out over the last 20 years, the number of lynx has increased greatly,” says Francisco Javier Salcedo Ortiz, regional coordinator of the Iberian lynx recovery plan.
But the cat’s not out of danger just yet. Its thousand-square-mile territory is a collection of five — soon to be seven — isolated ( 孤 立 的) groups. For Iberian lynx to fully recover, they must be able to travel from one group to another, ensuring the species’s long-term health by diversifying gene pools. That’s why the next stage of the LIFE project will focus on creating at least 10 6-square-mile areas of rabbit-rich habitat, which act as passageways among the existing lynx groups. Scientists selected these habitats based on predictions of where lynx are most likely to travel. For instance, lynx prefer to take the shortest paths through undeveloped habitats, and avoid broken-up areas of farmland.
The cat is popular, even among farmers and landowners, but a few view lynx as pests and occasionally will poison them for supposedly harming domestic animals. Illegal killings make up nearly 25 percent of annual lynx deaths on the peninsula, the second highest cause of non-natural death, after vehicle strikes. That’s why education is the “best tool to improve the lynx population,” says Maribel García Tardío, lead technician for Andalusia’s Iberian lynx recovery plan. She and her colleagues regularly meet with landowners and hunters, explaining how lynx rarely kill larger domestic animals.
The Iberian lynx is one of 33 small-cat species many of which are endangered or threatened. These animals have long been eclipsed by their bigger cousins such as lions and tigers, but lately people have begun to recognize the world’s little-known cats.
12. Which of the following words can best describe the Iberian lynx according to paragraph 2?
A. Active. B. Adaptable.
C. Funny. D. Dangerous.
13. What is the aim of the next stage of the LIFE project?
A. To free existing lynx from hunger.
B. To set up a gene pool of existing lynx.
C. To turn some farmland into lynx habitat.
D. To help existing lynx connect with each other.
14. What does Maribel García Tardío do to increase the lynx population?
A. She educates landowners and hunters regularly.
B. She works to reduce vehicle strikes in lynx habitats.
C. She suggests separating lynx from large domestic animals.
D. She clears up the misunderstanding between landowners and hunters.
15. What does the underlined part “eclipsed by” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Confused with. B. Protected from.
C. Keeping step with. D. Living in the shadow of.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了欧盟委员会采取LIFE计划用来拯救伊比利亚山猫所采取的措施以及取得的成效。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Near one main release location, Iberian lynx have even learned to live in neighborhoods, in olive groves (橄榄树丛), and around highways.”（在一个主要的放生地点附近，伊比利亚山猫甚至学会了生活在社区、橄榄林和高速公路周围。）可知，伊比利亚山猫具有很强的环境适应性。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“That’s why the next stage of the LIFE project will focus on creating at least 10 6-square-mile areas of rabbit-rich habitat, which act as passageways among the existing lynx groups.”（这就是为什么LIFE项目的下一阶段将重点创建至少10个6平方英里的兔子栖息地，作为现有山猫群之间的通道。）可知，LIFE项目下一阶段的计划是帮助现有的山猫建立相互联系。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“That’s why education is the “best tool to improve the lynx population,” says Maribel García Tardío, lead technician for Andalusia’s Iberian lynx recovery plan. She and her colleagues regularly meet with landowners and hunters, explaining how lynx rarely kill larger domestic animals.”（这就是为什么教育是“改善山猫种群的最佳工具”，安达卢西亚伊比利亚山猫恢复计划的首席技术员Maribel García Tardío说。她和她的同事定期与土地所有者和猎人会面，解释山猫很少杀死体型较大的家畜的事情。）可知，Maribel García Tardío通过定期对土地所有者和猎人进行教育为增加山猫种群做出努力。故选A项。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段划线部分后的“but lately people have begun to recognize the world’s little-known cats”（但最近人们开始认识到世界上鲜为人知的猫）可知，but表示前后句为转折关系，最近人们开始认识到世界上鲜为人知的猫，说明之前这些猫在狮子和老虎等体型较大的表亲掩盖下显得黯然失色，推断出划线短语eclipsed by意为“黯然失色”，而D项字面意思为“生活在阴影之下”，其引申义为“使……逊色”，和划线短语eclipsed by意思相近。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can siblings (兄弟姐妹) learn to get along? The answer to this question is, yes! Maintaining healthy relationships is challenging. ___16___ They discover that when siblings lovingly invest in their relationships, the resulting friendships are an incredible blessing.
Apply the following recommendations to strengthen your relationships with your siblings.
Recognize the significance of your role.
The role you have in your siblings’ lives is one that no one else can play. You can be a source of great good in your siblings’ lives by investing encouragement, praise and love in your relationship. Or, you can be a source of hardship by acting selfishly. ___17___
Appreciate your differences.
You and your siblings will have many differences, even when you grow up in the same household. Sometimes differences drive people apart, but those differences can often help you grow. ___18___ Instead, learn about and learn from them. As you learn to get along with your siblings, you are preparing for other relationships in the future.
___19___
When conflicts arise between you and your siblings, do all you can to restore your relationship without delay. When you are wrong, ask for forgiveness for your hurtful attitudes, words, and actions. When a sibling has offended (冒犯) you and comes to ask for your forgiveness, forgive quickly.
Invest in your “enemies”.
When you give something away, you usually gain deeper appreciation from those who receive your gift. At times when you are struggling to get along with a particular brother or sister, consider giving. ___20___ You could also offer to help him or her with a project or a household chore (家务).
A. Spend time together.
B. Resolve conflicts quickly.
C. Don’t be afraid of your differences.
D. Discuss what you are learning in school and life.
E. But many families are finding that sibling harmony is possible.
F. Either way, your influence makes a permanent impression on your siblings.
G. Think about what you can give: time, words of praise, or gifts — things your sibling will enjoy.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. C 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了加强与兄弟姐妹关系的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“Maintaining healthy relationships is challenging.(保持健康的人际关系具有挑战性)”说明保持健康的人际关系是有挑战性的，以及下文“They discover that when siblings lovingly invest in their relationships, the resulting friendships are an incredible blessing.(他们发现，当兄弟姐妹深情地投资于他们的关系时，由此产生的友谊是一种难以置信的有益之事)”说明兄弟姐妹之间是有可能产生令人难以置信的友谊的，E项“但许多家庭发现，兄弟姐妹之间的和谐是可能的。”与上文形成转折关系，引出下文，符合题意。故选E。
【17题详解】
上文“You can be a source of great good in your siblings’ lives by investing encouragement, praise and love in your relationship. Or, you can be a source of hardship by acting selfishly.(通过在你们的关系中给予鼓励、赞扬和爱，你可以成为兄弟姐妹生活中美好的源泉。或者，你可以通过自私的行为成为艰难的根源)”说明了对兄弟姐妹产生影响的不同方式，F项中Either way指代上文提及的两种方式，F项“无论哪种方式，你的影响力都会给你的兄弟姐妹留下永久的印象。”承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
【18题详解】
上文“Sometimes differences drive people apart, but those differences can often help you grow.(有时候，差异会让人疏远，但这些差异往往能帮助你成长)”说明差异往往会帮助人成长，C项中differences是关键词，C项“不要害怕你们之间的分歧。”承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
【19题详解】
下文“When conflicts arise between you and your siblings, do all you can to restore your relationship without delay.(当你和你的兄弟姐妹之间发生冲突时，尽你所能毫不拖延地恢复你们的关系)”说明要尽快解决与兄弟姐妹之间的冲突，恢复关系，B项“快速解决冲突”引出下文，可以作为本段的标题句，符合题意。故选B。
【20题详解】
上文“At times when you are struggling to get along with a particular brother or sister, consider giving.(当你很难与某个特定的兄弟姐妹相处时，考虑给予)”以及下文“You could also offer to help him or her with a project or a household chore (家务).(你也可以主动提出帮助他或她做一个项目或家务)”说明与某个特定的兄弟姐妹相处时，可以考虑给予，主动提出帮助兄弟姐妹做某事，G项中give是关键词，G项“想想你能给予什么：时间、赞美之词或礼物——这些都是你的兄弟姐妹会喜欢的。”承接上文，与下文并列，符合题意。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Never give up!” chanted (不停地喊着) my two young children, Max and Charley, as they marched behind their grandmother Mimi. They were having another ___21___, straight off the beach where they had spent the day building sand castles and playing in the waves. This time, they were ___22___ the mysterious ice-cream truck.
Over the years, Mimi had become our family’s beacon (灯塔) of ___23___. It was not a ___24___ she earned without effort, ___25___. Leading by example, Mom taught us just what one could ___26___ with a positive attitude.
Before starting her adventure with Max and Charley, Mimi heard the familiar clang of the ice-cream man’s bell. She turned and saw him ___27___ before he turned and disappeared over the dunes (沙丘). The time lag (时间间隔) between the sound of his bell and the departure of his truck was not long, so one must be quick to ___28___ him. Max and Charley were ___29___ when they didn’t catch him in time. Mimi said, “Never give up!” She explained that the truck might be ____30____, but they could find it at its next stop. Not knowing which direction the truck had taken, they had to ____31____ where to ____32____. My kids were tired but they ____33____ to move forward.
After about twenty minutes of walking, Max’s faith in the mission began to ____34____. He said, “Maybe we should give up. We have been walking pretty far and haven’t seen the truck yet.” Charley said, “No way! Never give up!” Max ____35____ unwillingly.
Just two blocks later, they found it. Max and Charley screamed with ____36____, “Never give up!” ____37____ though it was, that phrase has become our battle cry for the challenges we face. I can always ____38____ Max and Charley and say, “Never give up!” Upon ____39____ those words, they are ____40____ transported to a positive state of mind.
21. A. problem B. trick C. adventure D. accident
22. A. describing B. decorating C. repairing D. seeking
23. A. positivity B. creativity C. peace D. freedom
24. A. profit B. title C. chance D. right
25. A. otherwise B. besides C. therefore D. however
26. A. replace B. achieve C. share D. provide
27. A. briefly B. secretly C. naturally D. formally
28. A. prevent B. remind C. catch D. impress
29. A. confused B. ashamed C. surprised D. disappointed
30. A. gone B. lost C. new D. common
31. A. ask B. guess C. record D. recall
32. A. comment B. end C. search D. escape
33. A. failed B. continued C. forgot D. happened
34. A. spread B. function C. appear D. shake
35. A. left B. agreed C. stopped D. paid
36. A. shock B. pain C. excitement D. fear
37. A. Obvious B. Rare C. Long D. Simple
38. A. look at B. learn from C. wait for D. apologize to
39. A. understanding B. organizing C. hearing D. spelling
40. A. instantly B. separately C. equally D. officially
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了祖母咪咪如何以乐观的态度影响孩子们，帮助他们寻找冰淇淋车的过程。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们又开始了另一次冒险，就在他们花了一天时间在沙滩上堆沙堡和在海浪中玩耍的地方。A. problem问题；B. trick花招；C. adventure冒险；D. accident事故。根据下文“straight off the beach where they had spent the day building sand castles and playing in the waves.”和“Before starting her adventure with Max and Charley, Mimi”可知，他们是离开了之前玩耍的沙滩，跟着祖母开始了寻找冰淇淋车的奇遇之旅。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，他们在寻找神秘的冰淇淋车。A. describing描述；B. decorating装饰；C. repairing修理；D. seeking寻求。根据下文“Not knowing which direction the truck had taken, they had to ___11___ where to ___12___.”可知，他们是在寻找冰淇淋车。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，咪咪已经成为我们家积极向上的灯塔。A. positivity积极性；B. creativity创造性；C. peace和平；D. freedom自由。根据下文“Leading by example, Mom taught us just what one could ___6___ with a positive attitude.”及全文多处“Never give up!”可知，祖母成为家里积极向上的灯塔。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不是她不费吹灰之力就获得的头衔。A. profit利润；B. title标题；头衔；C. chance机会；D. right权利。根据下文“Leading by example, Mom taught us just what one could ___6___ with a positive attitude.”可知，祖母以身作则，通过自身努力获得“灯塔”的头衔。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这不是她不劳而获的头衔。A. otherwise否则；B. besides此外；C. therefore因此；D. however然而。根据下文“Leading by example, Mom taught us just what one could ___6___ with a positive attitude.”可知，前后句为转折关系。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈以身作则，教会我们一个人用积极的态度能取得什么成就。 A. replace代替；B. achieve实现；取得；C. share分享；D. provide提供。根据下文“with a positive attitude.”可知，祖母教给家人用积极的态度取得成就。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她转过身来，在他转身消失在沙丘上之前匆匆地看了他一眼。A. briefly短暂地；B. secretly秘密地；C. naturally自然地；D. formally正式地。根据下文“before he turned and disappeared over the dunes (沙丘).”可知，祖母匆匆地看了一眼卖冰淇淋的人。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从他的铃声响起到他的卡车开走的时间间隔不长，所以人们必须迅速赶上他。A. prevent阻止；B. remind提醒；C. catch抓住；赶上；D. impress影响。根据上文“The time lag (时间间隔) between the sound of his bell and the departure of his truck was not long,”和下文“Max and Charley were ___9___ when they didn’t catch him in time.”可知，因为卖冰淇淋的人离开时间不长，所以想买冰激凌就必须迅速赶上他。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马克斯和查理没能及时赶上他，感到很失望。A. confused困惑的；B. ashamed感到惭愧的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“when they didn’t catch him in time.”可知，因为没有及时赶上，没有买到冰淇淋，所以很失望。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她解释说，卡车可能已经不见了，但他们可以在下一站找到它。A. gone遗失的；离去的；B. lost丢失的；C. new新的；D. common常见的。根据下文“but they could find it at its next stop.”及上文可知，买冰淇淋的卡车已经离去了。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于不知道卡车往哪个方向开了，他们只好猜测去哪里寻找。A. ask问；B. guess猜；C. record记录；D. recall回想起。根据上文“Not knowing which direction the truck had taken,”可知，孩子们和祖母不知道冰淇淋车往哪个方向去了，所以他们不得不猜测方向。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于不知道卡车往哪个方向开了，他们只好猜测去哪里寻找。A. comment评论；B. end结束；C. search搜寻；D. escape逃脱。根据上文“Not knowing which direction the truck had taken,”及下文可知，孩子们和祖母都在寻找卖冰淇淋的卡车。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子们很累，但他们继续前进。A. failed失败；B. continued继续；C. forgot忘记；D. happened发生。根据上文“My kids were tired”可知，孩子们寻找冰淇淋车累了，但他们继续在寻找。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：走了大约20分钟后，马克斯对这次任务的信心开始动摇。A. spread传播；B. function起作用；C. appear出现；D. shake动摇。根据下文“He said, “Maybe we should give up. We have been walking pretty far and haven’t seen the truck yet.””可知，因为找不到冰淇淋车，马克斯想放弃了，所以了他的信念动摇。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马克斯不情愿地同意了。A. left离开；B. agreed同意；C. stopped停止；D. paid支付。根据上文“Charley said, “No way! Never give up!””和下文“unwillingly.”可知，查理坚持永不放弃，马克斯很不情愿地同意了。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：马克斯和查理兴奋地尖叫道：“永不放弃! ”A. shock震惊；B. pain疼痛；C. excitement激动、兴奋；D. fear害怕。根据上文“Just two blocks later, they found it.”可知，最终找到了冰淇淋车，所以他们很兴奋。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这句话很简单，但它已经成为我们应对挑战的战斗口号。A. Obvious明显的；B. Rare罕见的；C. Long长的；D. Simple简单的。根据文中多次出现的“Never give up!”可知，“永不放弃”这句话很简单。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我总能看着麦克斯和查理说：“永不放弃!”A. look at看；B. learn from向……学习；C. wait for等待；D. apologize to向……道歉。根据下文“Upon ___19___ those words, they are ___20___ transported to a positive state of mind.”可知，孩子们要放弃时，作者总能看着他们说：“永不放弃!”故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一听到这些话，他们就会立刻进入一种积极的心态。A. understanding理解；B. organizing组织；C. hearing听；D. spelling拼写。根据下文“those words”可知，孩子们一听到“永不放弃!”就会变得积极起来。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一听到这些话，他们就会立刻进入一种积极的心态。A. instantly立即地；B. separately分开地；C. equally平等地；D. officially正式地。根据上文“Upon ___19___ those words,”可知，孩子们一听到“永不放弃!”就立即会变得积极起来。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was studying English literature in Italy, and I had to study in an English-speaking country for one year as part of the course. I ____41____ (offer) a chance to go to Boston University and I took it.
As soon as I saw Boston, I fell in love with it. I live in a small city, and I’ve always wanted to live in a big city. Boston was exactly ____42____ I needed for my first-time-away-from-home. Boston is ____43____ (definite) a big city but not big enough ____44____ (make) you feel overwhelmed. The weather is also great and you get to enjoy all four ____45____ (season) in true New England style.
I stayed with a family. ____46____ (They) house was on Commonwealth Avenue, ____47____ is one of the busiest streets in Boston. It was great to be there as Boston University is spread out along Commonwealth Avenue. The only bad thing is that it’s a bit busy. One of my friends had to wear a cast for months after ____48____ (hit) by a car trying to cross Commonwealth Avenue — Boston is famous for its horrible drivers.
Boston is a great place to live as a college student. There are lots of universities in Boston. College students make up twenty percent of Boston’s population. This adds ____49____ the energy of the city, making it a(n) ____50____ (attract) place to live and study.
【答案】41. was offered
42. what 43. definitely
44. to make
45. seasons
46. Their 47. which
48. being hit 49. to
50. attractive
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去波士顿大学学习，并介绍了波士顿的相关情况。
【41题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：我被提供了一个去波士顿大学的机会，我接受了。根据句中took可知，句子使用一般过去时，且offer与主语I之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是I，be动词应用was。故填was offered。
【42题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：波士顿正是我第一次离家时所需要的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“所……的东西”，应用what引导从句。故填what。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：波士顿绝对是一个大城市，但还不足以大到让你感到不知所措。空处修饰系动词，应用副词形式作状语，definitely是副词，表示“绝对地”，符合题意。故填definitely。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：波士顿绝对是一个大城市，但还不足以大到让你感到不知所措。enough to do sth.为固定结构，表示“足够……去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to make。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：天气也很好，你可以享受真正的新英格兰风格的四季。season表示“季节”，是可数名词，空前由数词four修饰，所以空处应用名词的复数形式seasons。故填seasons。
【46题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们的房子位于联邦大道，这是波士顿最繁忙的街道之一。结合语意可知，此处表示“他们的房子”，所以空处应用形容词性物主代词their，表示“他们的”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Their。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们的房子位于联邦大道，这是波士顿最繁忙的街道之一。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Commonwealth Avenue，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我的一个朋友在试图穿过联邦大道时被一辆汽车撞倒，不得不戴上石膏好几个月——波士顿以其糟糕的司机而闻名。after是介词，表示“在……之后”，后接动名词形式作宾语，结合语意可知，此处表示“被撞倒”，所以空处应用动名词的被动式being hit。故填being hit。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：这增加了城市的活力，使其成为一个有吸引力的生活和学习场所。add to为固定搭配，表示“增加”，符合题意，所以空处应用介词to。故填to。
50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这增加了城市的活力，使其成为一个有吸引力的生活和学习场所。空处修饰名词place，应用形容词形式作定语，attractive是形容词，表示“有吸引力的”，符合题意。故填attractive。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I offered my next-door neighbor an ice cream, what was difficult to open, she told me to wait the minute. She went in her house and comes out with a rubber band (橡皮筋). She said she could get it open right away by put the rubber band around the top! And she did open it. When she was told to have the ice cream, and she said, “No. You enjoy it!” I noticed her garden gloves were worn as we spoke, so I went in my house and got a new pair for him. The gloves were decorating with ladybugs (瓢虫). She loved them and I was attracted by the legend of the ladybug she shared me! We've been neighbors for 9 year and we have shared so much happy moments.
【答案】1.what→which
2.the→a
3.comes→came
4.put→putting
5.去掉and
6.him→her
7.decorating→decorated
8.shared后加with
9.year→years
10.much→many
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与邻居在日常生活中分享快乐的故事。
【详解】1. 考查定语从句。句意：当我请隔壁的邻居吃冰淇淋时，发现很难打开，她让我等一会儿。分析句子结构可知，这里为定语从句。句中先行词为ice cream，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故将what改为which。
2. 考查冠词。句意：当我请隔壁的邻居吃冰淇淋时，发现很难打开，她让我等一会儿。wait a minute等一下。故将the改为a。
3. 考查时态。句意：她走进自己的房子，拿着一根橡皮筋出来。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。故将comes改为came。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她说她可以把橡皮筋绕在顶部，马上把它打开！介词by后接动名词形式。故将put改为putting。
5. 考查连词。句意：当她被告知要吃冰淇淋时，她说：“不。你吃吧！”句中已有从属连词when引导时间状语从句，所以并列连词and多余。故去掉and。
6. 考查代词。句意：我们说话的时候，我注意到她戴的园艺手套磨破了，于是我回到家里给她拿了一双新的。根据上文可知，作者的这位邻居是女性，所以用代词her。故将him改为her。
7. 考查固定搭配。句意：手套上装饰着瓢虫图案。be decorated with装饰着。故将decorating改为decorated。
8. 考查介词。句意：她喜欢它们，我被她和我分享的瓢虫的传说所吸引！share with sb.和某人分享。故在shared后加with。
9. 考查名词的数。句意：我们做邻居已经9年了，我们分享了很多快乐的时刻。根据数词9可知，用可数名词的复数形式。故将year改为years。
10. 考查形容词。句意：我们做邻居已经9年了，我们分享了很多快乐的时刻。名词moments为可数名词复数，所以用many修饰。much只能修饰不可数名词。故将much改为many。
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是某国际中学的学生会主席李华。最近，有很多同学睡眠不足，已严重影响到他们的学习。请你代表学生会用英语写一封倡议书，倡议大家健康作息，高效学习。内容包括：
1. 陈述现象；
2. 说明健康睡眠的重要性；
3. 提出倡议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】 Recently, it has been common that some students don’t have enough sleep. Many students stay up late for varieties of reasons, such as heavy homework or being addicted to digital devices.
It’s important to sleep regularly and get enough sleep, which helps you stay healthy and concentrate on your study. If you stay up late frequently, you will find it hard to get up on time. Keeping active in class also becomes difficult. Besides, your own health will be harmed seriously.
Plan your time for homework, take physical exercise, and keep away from digital devices before sleep, and you will enjoy a healthy life.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表学生会用英语写一封倡议书，倡议大家健康作息，高效学习。
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样的：varieties of→various
重要的：be important→be of importance
集中精力：concentrate on→focus on
此外：besides→what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, your own health will be harmed seriously.
拓展句：Besides, it is your own health that will be harmed seriously.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s important to sleep regularly and get enough sleep, which helps you stay healthy and concentrate on your study.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If you stay up late frequently, you will find it hard to get up on time.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）