2024年高考英语一轮复习必修第二册UNIT4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS课件

这是一份2024年高考英语一轮复习必修第二册UNIT4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了核心单词阅读词汇，individual，battle，vi靠近，charge，amount，approach，ensure，position，custom等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.Cnfucius n.孔子
2.mansin n.公馆；宅第3.cemetery n.墓地；公墓4.philsphy n.哲学
5.descendant n.后裔；后代；子孙
6.heel n.足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟7.kingdm n.王国；领域
8.chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的
n.(公司或机构的)首领；
酋长9.nearby adj.附近的；邻近的　adv.在附近10.currency n.通货；货币11.military adj.军事的；军用的12.cnquer vt.占领；征服；控制
13.prt n.港口(城市)
14.gallery n.(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊15.landscape n.(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景16.butter n.黄油；奶油 vt.涂黄油于17.hney n.蜂蜜
18.ancestr n.祖宗；祖先19.curtyard n.庭院；院子20.snack n.点心；小吃
21.pet n.诗人
22.cunty n.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县23.feast n.盛宴；宴会；节日
24.rll vi.& vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动　n.卷(轴)；翻滚25.dt n.点；小(圆)点　vt.加点；遍布26.cattle n.牛
27.rar vi.& n.吼叫；咆哮28.cean n.大海；海洋
29.scent n.气味；气息30.pub n.酒吧；酒馆
31.wine n.葡萄酒；果酒32.beer n.(一杯)啤酒
33.stew n.炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)　vt.& vi.炖；煨34.striking adj.引人注目的；显著的
高频词汇1.__________ adj.单独的；个别的　n.个人2.________ n.战役；搏斗　vi.& vt.搏斗；奋斗3.________ n.收费；指控；主管　vt.收费；控告；充电
4.________ n.金额；数量
5.________ n.方法；途径；接近
vt.接近；接洽；着手处理
6.________ vt.保证；确保；担保
7.________ n.位置；姿态；职位8.________ n.风俗；习俗；习惯
拓展词汇1.________ n.谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→_______adj.感到困惑的→__________ adj.令人困惑的→puzzlement n.迷惑2.________ vi.应在(某处)；适应→belngings n.财产；所有物3.defend vt.防御；保卫→________ n.防御；保卫4.legal adj.法律的；合法的→________ adv.合法地→________adj.非法的；违法的→________ adv.非法地；违法地
5.__________ vt. 围绕；包围→_____________ adj. 周围的→
surrundings n.周围的环境
6.________ n.证据；证明→evident adj.显而易见的→________
7.________ vt.完成；达到；实现→___________ n.成就；成绩；
达到→achievable adj.可实现的
achievement
8.lcate vt.位于；确定……的位置→__________ n.地方；地点；
9.___________ vt.深深吸引；迷住→____________ adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→_________ adj.入迷的；极感兴趣的→fascinatin
fascinating
10.annunce vt.宣布；通知；宣称→_____________ n.公告；
annuncement
11.________ adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→genersity n.慷慨；大方
12.________ adj.热切的；渴望的→________ adv.急切地；渴望地→eagerness n.热切；渴望13.greet vt.问候；迎接→________ n.问候
vt. 挤满；使……拥挤→
14.crwd n. 人群；一群人；民众________ adj.拥挤的
【熟义】vt.宣布；通知；声称
【生义】vt.作为……的迹象；显示
【典例】The first few leaves annunced the beginning f autumn.
最先落下的几片叶子标志了秋天的开始。
【熟义】n.金额；数量
【生义】vi.总计(amunt t)
【典例】(2021·6 月浙江卷·读后续写)It was tiring wrk, but I
lked frward t the pay, even thugh I wasn't sure hw much it
wuld amunt t.工作很累，但我期待着薪水，尽管我不确定它总计会有多少。
【熟义】n.位置；姿态；职位【生义①】n.地位
【典例】(2021· 全国甲卷 · 阅读理解 D)Changes in peple's
scial psitins.人们社会地位的变化。
【生义②】vt.安放；放置
【典例】In a wired wrld with cnstant glbal cmmunicatin,we're all psitined t see flashes f genius wherever they appear. 在一个全球通信不断的有线世界里，无论哪里有灵感迸发，我们都能知道。
重点短语把……和……连接或联结起来2.break away (________ sb./sth.) 脱离；背叛；逃脱
3.________ t 属于
4.as well ________ 同(一样也)；和；还
5.in ________ f 为了防御/保卫……
6.be ___________ by/with 被……包围7.a sense f _____________ 成就感
8.keep yur ________ pen (fr)留心；留意9.charge sb.mney ________ sth.为某物收某人钱10.be ________ t d sth.渴望做某事11.be __________ with 挤满；充满
1.S what is the difference between them, ________ ________？那么，如果有区别的话，它们之间的区别是什么呢？句式结构句式 1：if 的省略结构
教材原句2.The capital city Lndn is a great place t start, ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ thathas a histry dating all the way back t Rman times. 首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯
句式结构句式 2：as 引导原因状语从句
3.Judy and I had ur car parked in an undergrund car park nearTrafalgar Square, where we culd ________ ________ ________________ ________.朱迪和我把我们的汽车停在了特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车充电。句式结构句式 3：get＋宾语＋宾补
4.On a quiet mrning in the muntains, feel the sun n yur skin,and breathe in the sweet scent f fresh flwers ________ birds greetthe new day with their mrning sng.在山间一个宁静的早晨，感受阳光照在你的皮肤上，呼吸到鲜花的芳香，而鸟儿用他们的晨歌迎接新的一天。句式结构句式 4：while 连接的并列句
5.With all this beauty, ________ ________ ________ ________________ Ireland has develped strng traditins that include music,dancing, and dining.有了这些美景，爱尔兰发展出包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。句式结构句式 5：it 作形式主语
Studying British histry can help yu understand 1.______ theUnited Kingdm, Great Britain, Britain, England mean.In the 16thcentury, Wales was jined t the Kingdm f England.In the 18thcentury, Sctland was jined 2.________ (create) the Kingdm fGreat Britain.In the 19th century, the Kingdm f Ireland was addedt create the United Kingdm f Great Britain and Ireland.Hwever,the suthern part f Ireland 3.________ (break) away frm the UK,which resulted 4.________ the full name we have tday: the UnitedKingdm f Great Britain and Nrthern Ireland.
Althugh the fur cuntries wrk tgether in sme areas, theystill have sme 5.___________ (different).The United Kingdm has alng and interesting histry t explre, 6.________ can help yuunderstand much mre abut the cuntry and 7.______ (it) traditins.N matter where yu g in the UK, yu will 8.________________(surrund) by evidence that fur different grups f peple wh tkver at different times thrughut histry.Studying the histry f thecuntry will make yur visit much mre 9._________ (enjy).The UKis a fascinating mix f histry and mdern culture, with bth new and
ld 10._________ (traditin).
differences
be surrunded
单句语法填空1.Prfessr Williams keeps telling his students that the futurebelngs ________ the well-educated.2.This training prgramme can give yu a lift at wrk, as well________ increase yur incme by 40%.3.All the peple were fighting against the fld in ________(defend) f their wn hmes.
4.The small village is _________ (surrund) with green muntainsand clear rivers, attracting visitrs frm every crner.5.Mdern science has given clear _________ (evident) thatsmking can lead t many diseases.6.Accrding t the map, the _________ (lcate) f the factry isclse t the railway.7.In that cuntry, children under sixteen are nt ________ (legal)allwed t buy cigarettes.
was annunced
8.In additin, I wnder hw much yu will charge me ________the six-week curse.9.It _________________ (annunce) that nly when the fire wasunder cntrl wuld the residents be permitted t return t theirhmes.10.____________ (apprach) the vehicle, they saw that a wmanwas trying t get ut f the brken windw.
1.belng vi.应在(某处)；适应
①The students feel that they belng t a particular grup.这些学
生感到他们属于某个群体。
②All members have a sense f belnging and are willing tdevte themselves t the develpment f the cmmunity.所有成员都有一种归属感，并且愿意为社区的发展奉献自己。
③He was tld t pack up all f his letters and persnal belngings.
他被告知整理好他的全部信件和个人物品。
【归纳】belng t 属于【点津】
belng t 既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态，其中的 t 是介词；作后置定语时，形式为“ t”。
belngings n.财产；所有物a sense f belnging 归属感
【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)As is knwn t us, China is a cuntry __________ (belng) t
the third wrld.
(2)Having sld mst f his __________ (belng), he almst hadnthing left in the huse.(3)It is a day that belngs ________ everyne, and it iscelebrated in mst cuntries f the wrld.
2.surrund vt.围绕；包围
①The lake is surrunded with/by trees and flwers.这个湖被绿
②They all went ut t lk fr the lst child in the surrundingvillages.他们都出去到周围的村子里寻找那个走失的孩子。③Living in beautiful and cmfrtable surrundings, we feelvery happy.生活在美丽舒适的环境中，我们感到很幸福。
用……包围……be surrunded with/by...被……包围【拓展】
surrunding adj.周围的
(1)Lking arund, I fund myself ___________ (surrund) by agrup f children full f curisity.(2)Frm the tp f the twer yu can see all the ____________
(surrund) villages.
surrundings
(3)As is well-knwn t us, everyne likes t wrk in pleasant_____________ (surrund).(4)The teacher, wh was surrunded _________ her students, satn the grass.
3.achievement n.成就；成绩；达到【典例】
①T ur satisfactin, we have made many achievements s far.
令我们满意的是，到目前为止，我们已经取得了许多成就。
②We felt a great sense f achievement when we reached the tpf the muntain.当我们到达山顶时，我们有一种巨大的成就感。③T achieve his gal, he takes full advantage f every minute.
为了实现他的目标，他充分利用每一分钟。
make an achievement/achievements 取得成就a sense f achievement 成就感【拓展】
(1)achieve vt.实现；达到；完成achieve success 取得成功
achieve ne's gal/dream 实现某人的目标/梦想(2)achievable adj.可实现的
achievements
(1)The wman scientist was awarded the Nbel Prize fr Physicsfr thse great ______________ (achieve) made by her.(2)Even a small success can give yu ____ sense f achievement.(3)It is ften a gd idea t start with smaller, easily __________
(achieve) gals.
4.charge n.收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电
①Hw much d yu charge fr the repairs？你收多少修理费？②The cmpany charged him with using the cmpany's mneyfr his wn purpse.公司指控他挪用公司的钱为自己谋私利。③If yu buy this machine, the delivery will be free f charge.如
果你购买这台机器，将免费送货。
④The cmpany was badly rganised until she tk charge f it.
在她掌管这家公司之前，公司一直管理很差。
charge sb.sme mney fr (ding) sth.因(做)某事向某人收取费用charge sb.with (ding) sth. ＝accuse sb.f (ding) sth. 控告某人
free f charge 免费
take charge f...主管/负责……in charge f...负责/掌管……in the charge f...由……负责
【点津】in charge f 往往以人作主语，指“某人负责(主管)某事”；inthe charge f 往往以物作主语，指“某物由某人主管”。类似的短语还有： in cntrl f (控制)， in the cntrl f (由……控制) ； inpssessin f (拥有)，in the pssessin f (被……拥有)。【即学即用】
(1)He charged me 80 yuan ________ mending my cmputer.
(2)Museum's special exhibitin area will nw be free ________
(3)史密斯先生在老板不在时负责这家公司。The cmpany is ________ ________ ________ ________ MrSmith while the bss is away.＝ Mr Smith is ________ ________ ________ the cmpany
while the bss is away.
5.apprach n.方法；途径；接近
vi.靠近【典例】①I appreciate the teacher's new apprach t teaching languages.我欣赏这位老师教授语言的新方法。②His spirits rse at the apprach f the summer hliday.随着暑假的临近，他的精神振奋起来。③We must apprach the prblem frm a different standpint.我们必须换一种角度来处理这个问题。
an apprach t (ding) sth.(做)某事的方法/途径；通往……的
the apprach f...……的来临/临近at the apprach f...随着……的来临be appraching 临近，靠近【点津】
an apprach t...中的 t 为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。
【拓展】表示“来临，靠近”的短语还有：be cming, draw near, be nthe way, be arund the crner 等。【即学即用】写出下列句子中 apprach 的中文含义(1)A number f cmpanies that are interested in ur prducts
have apprached us.________
(2)Their dmestic refrms did nthing t apprach the prblem
f unemplyment.________
(3)We will be explring different appraches t gatheringinfrmatin.________
(4)Facing up t yur prblems rather than running away frmthem is the best apprach t ________ (wrk) things ut.
1.break away (frm sb./sth.) 脱离；背叛；逃脱【典例】
①Sme hundred years later, the Great Flu epidemic brke ut in1918, als knwn as the Spanish Flu, killing 50 millin peple.几百年后，1918 年爆发了大流感，也被称为西班牙流感，造成 5000 万人死亡。
②We arrived hme early and were surprised t find a burglartrying t break int ur huse.我们很早就到家了，意外地发现一个窃贼正试图闯入我们的房子。
break dwn (机器)出故障；(身体)垮掉；(精神)崩溃；(谈判等)
break up 解散；分手；(婚姻、恋爱关系)破裂break ut (战争、火灾、疾病等)爆发，发生break in 插嘴；打断；闯入break int 闯入
break thrugh 取得突破
(1)She went thrugh a perid f emtinal adjustment after her
marriage ________ ________ (破裂).
(2)When the bus _______ ______ (出故障), she and her husbandwere able t fix it with a cat hanger and a piece f wd.(3)They had escaped t America shrtly befre war ________
________ (爆发) in 1939.
(4)If yu can't affrd t take a 15 minute t ________ ________________ (离开) yur desk and cmputer screen, take a mini-break
by standing up and stretching.
(5)She lnged t ________ _______ (打断) n their cnversatin
but didn't want t appear rude.
(6)Scientists think they are beginning t ________ ________ (取
得突破) in the fight against cancer.
2.as well as 同(一样也)；和；还【典例】
①Dr Smith, as well as his wife and daughter, is ging t visitBeijing this summer.史密斯博士以及他的妻子和女儿将于今年夏天访问北京。
②I wish I culd speak English as well as he can.我希望自己英
③We are ging t the cinema tnight, and why dn't yu cmealng as well？我们今天晚上打算去看电影，你为什么不也一起
(1)当 as well as 连接并列主语时，句子的谓语要与 as well as前的主语在人称和数上保持一致。有类似用法的词语还有：with,tgether with, alng with, rather than, like, including 等。
(2)主谓一致中，采用“就近原则”的有：, either...
r..., nt als..., , there be...。(3)as well 意为“也”，置于肯定句句末。
(4)表示“与……一样好”的短语有 as well as 和 as gd as，
其中 well 是副词，gd 是形容词。
(1)Peter as well as his friends _______ (like) t listen t classicalmusic.(2)T my surprise, Xia Wang speaks English as _______ (gd)as Chinese.(3)As well as ________ (g) t the mvies and ftball matcheswith my friends, I spend a lt f time with my pets.
3.keep yur eyes pen (fr) 留心；留意【典例】
①If yu keep yur eyes pen, yu will make few mistakes.如果
你留心一下，你就会很少犯错误。
②Many ld peple cannt keep up with the develpment f
technlgy.许多老年人不能跟上科技的发展。
③Nbdy can entirely keep away frm this cmpetitive wrld.
没有人能够完全远离这个竞争社会。
④Besides building up my bdy and enriching my knwledge,they als keep me free frm the heavy wrk f study. 除了让我强身健体、知识丰富外，它们还让我免除了繁重的学习负担。
keep up with 跟上；赶上
keep away frm 远离；避开；不接近keep sb.frm ding sth.阻止某人做某事keep (n) ding sth.一直做某事
keep in tuch with...与……保持联系
frm/f...使……免受(影响、伤害等)
(1)Please keep yur eyes pen ________ a by in a red sweater.(2)We must keep them frm ________ (get) t knw ur plans.(3)Of curse I can keep ________ tuch with everyne thrughthe Internet.
1.On a quiet mrning in the muntains, feel the sun n yurskin, and breathe in the sweet scent f fresh flwers while birds
greet the new day with their mrning sng.(教材 P44)在山间一个宁静的早晨，感受阳光照在你的皮肤上，呼吸到鲜花的芳香，而鸟儿用他们的晨歌迎接新的一天。
【剖析】本句是复合句。句中 while 是并列连词，连接两个分句，意为“而；然而”，表前后意义上的对比或转折。
①(2021·全国乙卷·阅读理解 D)The prblem may be that, in ur
ffices, we can't stp urselves frm getting drawn int thers'
cnversatins while we're trying t fcus.问题可能是，在我们的办公
室里，当我们试图集中注意力时，我们无法阻止自己卷入别人的谈话中。
②(2021· 新 高 考 Ⅰ 卷 · 阅 读 理 解 D)The ability t accurately
understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find
hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrlptential victims.医生可能利用这种准确理解他人感受的能力来找到最好的帮助病人的方法，而骗子可能利用这种能力来控制潜在的受害者。
③(2021· 浙 江 卷 · 阅 读 理 解 B)We just send them ut int thegarden and tell them nt t cme back in fr a while. 我们只是把他
们送到花园里，告诉他们暂时不要回来。
while 还可以作名词，意为“一段时间；一会儿”，其搭配有：fr a while (一会), after a while (一段时间之后), nce in a while (偶尔)。
【辨析】while 与 when
【即学即用】写出下列句中 while 的中文含义(1)(2021· 新高考Ⅰ卷 · 听力)Marie, if n ne takes care f yurchildren while yu're away, Jennifer and I will be glad t have them
stay with us._____________
(2)After walking fr a while, the travellers fund themselves lst
in the frest.________
(3)While I am willing t help, I d nt have much time available.
_______________
(4)Tm is very gd at science, while his brther des well inliterature.________
2.With all this beauty, it is nt surprising that Ireland hasdevelped strng traditins that include music, dancing, and
dining.(教材 P44)有了这些美景，爱尔兰发展出包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。
【剖析】本句是复合句。It is/was surprising that...意为“……是令人吃惊的”，it 在句中作形式主语，代指后面 that 引导的主语从句。
①(2021· 全国乙卷 · 七选五型阅读理解)Accrding t JessicaHagy, authr f Hw t Be Interesting, it's nt difficult t makeyurself interesting at a dinner party.根据《如何变得有趣》的作者杰西卡·哈格的说法，让自己在晚宴上变得有趣并不难。②(2021·全国甲卷·阅读理解 D)It is said that histry is written
by victrs, and thse victrs set the standards fr admissin t the
genius club.据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而这些胜利者为天才俱乐部的入会设定了标准。
③(2021· 新高考Ⅰ卷 · 听力)It takes twenty minutes t reach
yur place.到你的地方需要 20 分钟。