2023届新疆维吾尔自治区部分学校高三二模英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023届新疆维吾尔自治区部分学校高三二模英语试题（含解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，开放性作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届新疆维吾尔自治区部分学校高三二模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
VUEUFROM HERE
The Great Outdoors February 2023
Giving a winter skill course a go
4 FEBRUARY
Rombalds Stride
YORKSHIRE DALES
Organized by the 15th Airedale Scout Group, the Rombalds Stride Winter Challenges is a 23-mile walking or running route taking in some of Yorkshire’s finest scenery. You’ll ascend the Airedale Valley, over Rombalds Moor to Hkley and across Otley Chevin.
Cost: $ 12
rombaldsstride.co.uk
16-19 FEBRUARY
Fort William
MOUNTAIN FESTIVAL
Scotland’s outdoor capital welcomes you for a packed programme of events inspired by its high places. From sessions to award ceremonies and film screenings, as well as a schedule of guided walks and runs, the activities are as varied as the landscape.
Cost: varies
mountainfestival.co.uk
21- 22 FEBRUARY
Caravan, Camping &Motorhome Show
BIRMINGHAM
With more than 350 exhibitor stands showcasing their latest and greatest products, this huge show is the place to be if you’re on the lookout for a touring caravan, a motorhome or a campervan. You’ll also be able to browse a huge array of tents, tilted towards the family and car camping market, plus a wide array of accessories and gadgets, from sleep systems to stand up paddleboards.
Cost: $ 12 per adult, under 15 free
Ccmshow.co.uk
23-24 FEBRUARY
Winter Skills and Wild Camping
GLENCOE
This two-day course will help you hone your winter skills and combine your new-found knowledge with a high winter wild camp(and sunset, weather permitting!) with reduced legwork. Based around Glencoe and Kinlochleven, the course is provided by qualified guides on behalf of Rich Mountain Experiences. Camping gear can be supplied.
Cost: $ 250
richmountainexperiences.co.uk
22-28 FEBRUARY
The Winter reverse
DARTMOOR
Start your new year with a big dose of winter and a walk or run across Dartmoor. This fully supported 50km journey from south to north, through some of the most remote parts of the moors, is more challenge than race. Whilst good fitness is required, walkers can choose to be accompanied by local Mountain Leaders with first aid cover.
Cost: $ 255-275
climbsouthuest.com
1．What kind of course will you take if you want to enjoy a guided walking and running?
A．YORKSHIRE DALES. B．MOUNTAIN FESTIVAL.
C．BIRMINGHAM. D．GLENCOE.
2．If the parents with their 14-year-old daughter are interested in Caravan, Camping &Motorhome Show, how much will they pay?
A．$ 24. B．$ 27. C．$ 39. D．$ 25.
3．In The Winter reverse course, what special service can be offered?
A．The local guides’ company. B．Some winter skills like running.
C．Necessary first aid. D．New found knowledge.

Craftsman Qian Gaochao and his son recently spent more than six months making three “chicken-blood” stone carvings showing the taekwondo and wrestling competitions of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022. As a national inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) of the chicken-blood stone carving technique, Qian Gaochao says that he is working on the other carvings related to the Asian Games in the chicken-blood stone museum in Changhua town, Zhejiang Province.
Chicken-blood stone is one of China’s most prized decorative materials and has been used for centuries to create carved works with characteristic red markings. With its bright blood-red color, bright crystal-like jade texture, quality and shape, chicken-blood stones are celebrated the world over. The artistic value of Changhua chicken-blood stone lies in its adaptability, which can be made into decorations of various sizes and forms. It is not only a mineral specimen (标本) that records geological changes, but also a cultural relic that reflects the productivity of different eras, living conditions and folk customs.
The stone has become a cultural symbol of deepening bilateral friendship in diplomatic (外交的) activities. For example, in 1972, the Chinese premier gave Changhua chicken-blood stones to Japan as State gifts. In 1986, a seal of Changhua stone was presented to the US. In 2016, the Changhua stone sculpture “Haliaeetus Albicilla Dud a Portrait Seal” was presented to Poland. In September 2016, 36 sets of portrait seals were given as gifts to guests who attended the 11th C20 Summit held in Hangzhou.
“As a craftsman, I’m not only doing carving work but also recording the development and changes of our society and remembering the era through the medium of my carvings,” Qian Gaochao says. He has created fascinating works, many of which are related to important events in Chinese history and famous people who have made significant contributions to the country.
“We are also recruiting qualified people to continue to inherit and innovate these traditional skills,” Qian Gaochao says. “Additionally, we often hold research activities and provide training courses, enabling more young students to understand and learn Chinese traditional culture,” he adds.
4．What do Qian Gaochao and his son’s recent works describe?
A．Famous athletes. B．Beautiful natural scenery.
C．International sporting events. D．Ancient folk customs in Changhua.
5．What highlights the artistic value of Changhua chicken-blood stone?
A．It is rare for its unique shape. B．It is a mirror of the local climate.
C．It features a bright blood-red color. D．It has high adaptability to different designs.
6．What are the examples in paragraph 3 for?
A．Presenting the popularity of chicken-blood stone.
B．Showing the role of chicken-blood stone in diplomacy.
C．Explaining the approaches to promote Changhua’s economy.
D．Proving the importance of Chinese culture in connecting the world.
7．What do we know about Qian Gaochao from his words?
A．He provides free carving courses for qualified students.
B．The innovation of traditional culture faces great challenges.
C．Learning carving skills is not attractive to modern young people.
D．He devotes himself to recording China’s development through carving.

The FIFA World Cup Trophy (奖杯) is arguably one of the most iconic prizes in the sporting world. So far, two different trophies have been used in the history of the FIFA World Cups.
The Jules Rimet Trophy was the first trophy awarded to the winners of the FIFA World Cups. Initially, the old trophy was originally named “Victory”. However, this trophy was renamed “the Jules Rimet Trophy” in 1946. This change was made to honor former FIFA president Jules Rimet, who voted to organize the first FIFA World Cup in 1930. French sculptor Abel Lafleur designed the trophy in 1930. The trophy was 14 inches in height and weighed 8.4 pounds. It was comprised of a winged representation of Nike, the Greek Goddess of Victory and was inspired by the Nike of Samothrace statue.
Uruguay became the first champion and kept the trophy in 1930. The trophy was eventually retired when Brazil won the World Cup final for the third time in 1970. Following their success in Mexico, Brazil was allowed to keep the trophy permanently. However, the original trophy was stolen for a second time in 1983. It was never recovered, and it was claimed that it had been melted down into gold bars. Following the retirement of the Jules Rimet Trophy, FIFA needed a new cup. Eventually, Italian artist Silvio Gazzaniga’s design was selected as the new World Cup trophy.
The modern FIFA World Cup trophy describes two human figures holding the earth on top of their heads. The base of the trophy has “FIFA World Cup” engraved (刻). Furthermore, following every World Cup, the name of the winning team and the winning year is also engraved at the base. The trophy weighs 13.61 pounds. Unlike the Jules Rimet Trophy, the winning nations and future winners don’t get to hold the original trophy anymore. The new regulations state that it remains in FIFA’s possession. Instead, winners are given a gold-plated bronze replica (青铜复制品) provided by FIFA．West Germany was the first nation to lift the modern World Cup trophy in 1974.
The new trophy can hold up to seventeen names and years and is likely to be retired following the 2038 World Cup.
8．Why was the first World Cup trophy renamed?
A．To remember the designer of the cup. B．To welcome a new global soccer event.
C．To expand the popularity of the World Cup. D．To show great respect for the former FIFA president.
9．Which country has won the Jules Rimet Trophy three times?
A．Italy. B．Mexico. C．Brazil. D．Uruguay.
10．How is the modern FIFA World Cup trophy different from the previous one?
A．It is made of gold and bronze. B．It is owned by FIFA instead of the winners.
C．It bears the word “Victory” at the bottom. D．It varies the design every seventeen years.
11．What is the text mainly about?
A．The rules of the World Cup. B．The history of the World Cup trophy.
C．The growing trend of watching the World Cup. D．The inspiration for creating the World Cup trophy.

Getting a package delivered is easy, but sending it back is not. Repacking, printing labels and shipping it back up to the seller is an increasingly familiar experience for online shoppers. In America 21% of online orders, worth some $ 218, were returned in 2021, according to the National Retail Federation, up from 18% in 2020. For clothing and shoes it can reach around 40%. It is a headache for retailers.
The problem has its roots in the birth of e-commerce. To compete with bricks-and-mortar sellers and make consumers comfortable with ordering online, e-commerce firms offered free returns. Consumers came to expect it. The scale of returns has been amplified by the covid-induced boom. In America online-shopping now makes up 15% of retail sales by value, up from 10% at the start of 2019.
Returns could grow as nervous consumers cut spending. In May, Boohoo, a British online fashion firm, forecast lower profits for the year, in part because of a higher return rate. In June, Asos, a rival, did the same. Overstocking, as retailers miscalculate changing demand, adds to the problem. Steve Rop of goTRG, a startup which helps retailers sort returns, notes an uptick in returns of discounted goods as consumers realise they don’t want them.
Each step of the process is costly. Retailers have to pay for goods to be picked up or posted. Processing returns is labour-intensive, explains Zac Rogers who worked as a return s manager at Amazon and is now at Colorado State University. The outbound system is highly automated and streamlined; a return must be opened and someone has to decide what to do with it. “A worker in an Amazon warehouse can pick 30 items in a minute, but a return can take ten minutes to process,” says Mr Rogers. Once processed, only 5% of returned goods can be resold immediately by retailers. Most go to liquidators at knock-down prices or are thrown away. Retailers typically recoup about a third on a $ 50 item, says Optoro, a firm that helps with returns.
Startups are getting in on the action. Using artificial intelligence to help retailers decide what to do with the returned goods, taking into account factors such as price trends in second-hand markets, is the brainchild of goTRG. Happy Returns, another startup bought last year by PayPal, a fin-tech firm, helps with logistics. It has 5,000 drop-off points for return s across America, mostly in chain stores. The returns are aggregated and sent back to retailers all at once, saving up to 40% of postage costs, says David Sobie, the firm’s boss. Some are experimenting with virtual reality (VR). Over half of items are returned because they are the wrong size. In June Walmart said it will buy Mamma, an augmented-reality (AR) startup that lets shoppers virtually try on glasses. Walmart also offers ways to try on clothes and arrange furniture in rooms using AR. Amazon recently launched a VR feature that lets users try on shoes. Retailers will now try virtually anything to cut down on returns.
12．What is a disturbing problem for retailers?
A．Printing labels on the package. B．Getting a package delivered.
C．Receiving returned packages. D．Shipping packages to consumers.
13．What is not the reason for the high expense of processing returns?
A．The necessary pay for picking up goods.
B．The higher wage for workers dealing with returns.
C．The loss of throwing away returns.
D．The complexity of highly automated sales system.
14．Which of the following can be used to reduce the return loss due to the wrong size?
A．Happy Returns. B．Mamma. C．GoTRG. D．Artificial Intelligence.
15．Where could you read this passage?
A．An economic magazine. B．A science fiction.
C．An official report. D．An academic research.


二、七选五
When it comes to going green, intention can be easier than action. Case in point: you decide to buy a T-shirt made from 100% organic cotton, because everyone knows that organic is better for Earth. And in some ways it is; in conventional cotton-farming, pesticides strip the soil of life. But that green label doesn’t tell the whole story. Or the possibility that the T-shirt may have been dyed using harsh industrial chemicals, which can pollute local groundwater. If you knew all that, would you still consider the T-shirt green? 16 .
It’s a question that most of us are ill equipped to answer, even as the debate over what is and isn’t green becomes all-important in a hot and crowded world. 17 . We evolved to respond to threats that were clear and present. That’s why, when we eat spoiled food, we get disgusted and when we see a bright light, we shut our eyes. 18 . Scanning the supermarket aisles, we lack the data to understand the full impact of what we choose —and probably couldn’t make sense of the information even if we had it.
But what if we could seamlessly calculate the full lifetime effect of our actions on the earth and on our bodies? 19 That’s what psychologist Daniel Goleman describes in his forthcoming book, Ecological Intelligence. Using a young science called industrial ecology, businesses and green activists alike are beginning to compile the environmental and biological impact of our every decision—and delivering that information to consumers in a user-friendly way. That’s thinking ecologically—understanding the global environmental consequences of our local choices. “We can know the causes of what we’re doing, and we can know the impact of what we’re doing,” says Goleman, who wrote the 1995 best seller Emotional Intelligence.
20 It’s also about our ability to accept that we live in an infinitely connected world with finite resources. Golem an highlights the Tibetan community of Sher, where for millenniums, villagers have survived harsh conditions by carefully conserving every resource available to them. The Tibetans think ecologically because they have no other choice. Neither do we. “We once had the luxury to ignore our impacts,” says Goleman. “Not anymore.”
A．Would you still buy it?
B．What if we could think ecologically?
C．It’s going to have a radical impact on the way we do business.
D．Ecological intelligence is ultimately about more than what we buy.
E．Not just carbon footprints but social and biological footprints as well?
F．But nothing in evolution has prepared us to understand the accumulative impact industrial chemicals may have on us.
G．That’s because our ability to make complex products with complex supply chains has outpaced our ability to comprehend the consequences.


三、完形填空
Daniel, my 8-year-old daughter, is on a crazy ride with our mail carrier, Anderson. My daughter has formed a 21 habit of writing letters and keeping interaction with her favorite 22 . If you ever read her hand-decorated letter and envelopes, then I believe they really 23 your day.
It’s likely that a letter from Daniel includes some jokes or questions to 24 a response. 25 when she wrote a letter to Anderson, she put something unique in it. “You may know me as the person living here and keeping writing hundreds of letters. You’re very 26 to me, assisting me to stay in touch with friends. I 27 people with my letters, and you do that too!” Daniel wrote.
On the following day, a package 28 with two letters. One was from Anderson and the other from his trainer, Linda. In the letter, Anderson said he had 29 Daniel’s letter and believed many postal folks wanted to 30 Daniel. Daniel was so 31 with the content in the letter, for the possible result of no reply from other mail carriers would come as a(n) 32 to her.
33 , today, we saw Anderson bring four boxes of letters to me from around the country. These letters were so 34 , filled with stories about family, pets and a sense of kindness. But there was something 35 those in them. People felt 36 — some for the first time in a long time. “I work alone in a small rural post office…” “Not many people think about how 37 we work…” Daniel wrote back seriously.
I’m sharing this not because I’m proud, but because it’s relatively 38 , if we take the time, to give others 39 they need to be good. We all want to be seen, known and 40 . Send a letter. Give a call. Take a step of bravery, like Daniel.
21．A．serious B．awkward C．ridiculous D．temporary
22．A．receivers B．carriers C．contributors D．partners
23．A．ruin B．make C．disturb D．compensate
24．A．guarantee B．approach C．bless D．celebrate
25．A．And B．So C．But D．Also
26．A．mean B．impatient C．friendly D．important
27．A．keep on B．cheer up C．approve of D．let alone
28．A．lied B．swallowed C．survived D．arrived
29．A．denied B．forgot C．missed D．shared
30．A．thank B．train C．conduct D．company
31．A．anxious B．tolerant C．upset D．pleased
32．A．blow B．shame C．recognition D．encouragement
33．A．Disappointingly B．Abnormally C．Surprisingly D．Accidentally
34．A．human B．private C．creative D．hopeful
35．A．rather than B．other than C．more than D．less than
36．A．abandoned B．seen C．honored D．punished
37．A．frequently B．relaxingly C．painstakingly D．extremely
38．A．easy B．complex C．flexible D．worthless
39．A．charge B．links C．assistance D．comfort
40．A．loved B．expected C．forgiven D．ignored


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Aesop’s fable, the town mouse and the country mouse, 41 (concentrate)on the dangers of city living and its advantages. For mice and men alike, as long as those involved, are able to grasp them. It requires an ability to respond successfully 42 novel problems. So a pair of researchers in Germany have looked 43 (see)whether urban mice are 44 (good)at doing this than rural ones. Their conclusion, just 45 (publish)in Animal Behaviors, is that they are. Valeria Mazza captured 17 mice from farmland and 14 others from 46 (vary)places in central Berlin. They kept these animals in a laboratory for a year and then challenged them with tasks 47 would yield a reward of food. Tasks included 48 (open)the window of a house made of Lego bricks and yanking out a wad of paper jammed inside a clear plastic tube. Both groups seemed equally eager to participate in the tasks, 49 the urban mice were more talented at solving the novel ones. It suggested that they were the product of natural select ion acting on 50 (they)city dwelling ancestors.


五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处;每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
“It’s been raining snakes during the recent heavy rain,” reported the Mumbai edition of the Times of India on July 26th, in a news piece about a snake which refused to forced out of a truck. The same paper contained several report of three other snakes rescued from a shipping container. A lost snake spotted on a city beach make the papers the next day. Later that week a 28-year-old man found a snake in the distant suburbs, wrapping it around his neck and walked through a nearby market area. He died after a snake bit him three times. It is not literally raining snakes. But a week of heavy rain has been had the same effect, driving snakes and other reptiles into the city, that they seek warmth and shelter. There are plenty to be found. Mumbai is high built up and densely populated. And it is also full of rubbish, thus attracting rats. The rats, by turn, attract hungry snakes.

六、开放性作文
52．假定你是校英语报的记者，上周末你校举办了“校园十佳歌手”大赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道。
内容包括：1.活动主题及参加人员；
2.活动详情；
3.活动反响。
注意：1.写作词数应为100左右；
2.可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。
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参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对2023年二月份的“伟大的户外”冬季技能课程进行了广告宣传。
1．细节理解题。根据“MOUNTAIN FESTIVAL”部分第二句“From sessions to award ceremonies and film screenings, as well as a schedule of guided walks and runs, the activities are as varied as the landscape.(从会议到颁奖典礼和电影放映，以及导游步行和跑步的时间表，活动与景观一样丰富多样。)”可知，如果你想享受导游的步行和跑步，你会选择山地户外文化节课程。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Caravan, Camping &Motorhome Show”部分中的“Cost: $ 12 per adult, under 15 free(费用：每位成人12美元，15岁以下免费)”可知，如果父母带着他们14岁的女儿对旅行拖车、露营和房车展感兴趣，他们将支付24美元。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“The Winter reverse”部分中的“Whilst good fitness is required, walkers can choose to be accompanied by local Mountain Leaders with first aid cover.(虽然需要良好的身体素质，但步行者可以选择由当地的山地领袖陪同，并提供急救服务。)”可知，在冬季逆向课程中，可以提供必要的急救服务。故选C。
4．C 5．D 6．B 7．D

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。工匠钱高潮和他的儿子最近花了六个多月的时间制作了三个“鸡血”石雕，展示了2022年第19届杭州亚运会的跆拳道和摔跤比赛。文章对此进行了报道。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Craftsman Qian Gaochao and his son recently spent more than six months making three “chicken-blood” stone carvings showing the taekwondo and wrestling competitions of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022.(工匠钱高潮和他的儿子最近花了六个多月的时间制作了三个“鸡血”石雕，展示了2022年第19届杭州亚运会的跆拳道和摔跤比赛。)”可知，钱高潮父子最近的作品描述了国际体育赛事。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“The artistic value of Changhua chicken-blood stone lies in its adaptability, which can be made into decorations of various sizes and forms.(彰化鸡血石的艺术价值在于它的适应性，可以做成各种大小和形式的装饰品。)”可知，彰化鸡血石的艺术价值是对不同的设计具有很高的适应性。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“The stone has become a cultural symbol of deepening bilateral friendship in diplomatic (外交的) activities.(在外交活动中，这种玉石已成为加深两国友谊的文化象征。)”可知，第三段中举出的例子表明了外交活动中鸡血石发挥的作用。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据倒第二段第一句中的“As a craftsman, I’m not only doing carving work but also recording the development and changes of our society and remembering the era through the medium of my carvings(作为一名工匠，我不仅仅是在做雕刻工作，而是通过我的雕刻来记录我们社会的发展和变化，记住这个时代)”可知，从钱高潮的话中我们可以了解到他致力于用雕刻记录中国的发展。故选D。
8．D 9．C 10．B 11．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了世界杯奖杯的历史。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“However, this trophy was renamed “the Jules Rimet Trophy” in 1946.This change was made to honor former FIFA president Jules Rimet, who voted to organize the first FIFA World Cup in 1930. (然而，在1946年这座奖杯被重新命名为“朱尔斯·里梅特杯”。这一改变是为了纪念前国际足联主席朱尔斯·里梅特，他在1930年投票组织了第一届国际足联世界杯。)可知，第一座世界杯奖杯被重新命名是为了纪念前国际足联主席。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The Jules Rimet Trophy was the first trophy awarded to the winners of the FIFA World Cups. Initially, the old trophy was originally named “Victory”.( 朱尔斯·里梅特是第一个颁发给世界杯冠军的奖杯。最初，这个古老的奖杯最初被命名为“胜利”)”和第三段“The trophy was eventually retired when Brazil won the World Cup final for the third time in 1970. (1970年，当巴西第三次赢得世界杯决赛时，奖杯最终退役)”可知巴西曾三次夺得朱尔斯里梅特奖杯。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Unlike the Jules Rimet Trophy, the winning nations and future winners don't get to hold the original trophy anymore.The new regulations state that it remains in FIFA's possession. (与朱尔斯·里梅特奖杯不同，获胜国家和未来的获胜者将不再持有原始奖杯。新规定规定，奖杯仍归国际足联所有)”可知现代的国际足联世界杯奖杯与以前的的不同是它由国际足联所有，而不是由获胜者所有。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。阅读全文以及根据第一段“The FIFA World Cup Trophy (奖杯) is arguably one of the most iconic prizes in the sporting world. So far, two different trophies have been used in the history of the FIFA World Cups. (国际足联世界杯奖杯可以说是体育界最具标志性的奖项之一。 到目前为止，国际足联世界杯中使用了两种不同的奖杯)可知，本文主要是关于世界杯奖杯的历史的。故选B。
12．C 13．D 14．B 15．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。接收退回的包裹成为令零售商头疼的问题，文章分析了此问题形成的原因，并介绍了已经采取的应对措施。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段前两句“Getting a package delivered is easy, but sending it back is not. Repacking, printing labels and shipping it back up to the seller is an increasingly familiar experience for online shoppers.(把包裹送出去很容易，但把它寄回来却不容易。对在线购物者来说，重新包装、打印标签并将其送回卖家是一种越来越熟悉的体验。)”和最后一句“It is a headache for retailers.(这是令零售商头痛的问题。)”可知，接收退回的包裹是困扰零售商的问题。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Retailers have to pay for goods to be picked up or posted.(零售商必须支付提货或邮寄的费用。)”可知，提货的必要费用是退货处理费用高的原因，排除选项A。根据第四段第二句“Processing returns is labour-intensive, explains Zac Rogers who worked as a return s manager at Amazon and is now at Colorado State University.(扎克·罗杰斯曾在亚马逊担任退货经理，目前在科罗拉多州立大学工作，他解释说，退货处理是一项劳动密集型工作。)”可知，处理退货的工人工资更高是退货处理费用高的原因，排除选项B。根据第四段第六句“Most go to liquidators at knock-down prices or are thrown away.(大多数被以极低的价格交给清算人，或者被扔掉。)”可知，丢掉退货的损失是退货处理费用高的原因，排除选项C。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段第七句和第八句“Over half of items are returned because they are the wrong size. In June Walmart said it will buy Mamma, an augmented-reality (AR) startup that lets shoppers virtually try on glasses.(超过一半的退货是因为尺码不对。今年6月，沃尔玛表示将收购一家名为Mamma的增强现实（AR）初创公司，该公司可以让购物者虚拟地试戴眼镜。)”可知，Mamma可以减少尺寸错误造成的退货损失。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段“Getting a package delivered is easy, but sending it back is not. Repacking, printing labels and shipping it back up to the seller is an increasingly familiar experience for online shoppers. In America 21% of online orders, worth some $ 218, were returned in 2021, according to the National Retail Federation, up from 18% in 2020. For clothing and shoes it can reach around 40%. It is a headache for retailers.(把包裹送出去很容易，但把它寄回来却不容易。对在线购物者来说，重新包装、打印标签并将其送回卖家是一种越来越熟悉的体验。根据美国零售联合会的数据，2021年，美国21%的在线订单（价值约218美元）被退回，比2020年的18%有所上升。服装和鞋子的比例可以达到40%左右。这是令零售商头痛的问题。)”可知，这是一篇关于经济方面的文章，所以这篇文章可能来自一本经济杂志。故选A。
16．A 17．G 18．F 19．B 20．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。即使我们很想过绿色生活，但是我们并没有理解工业化学品可能对我们产生的累积影响的能力，但是利用一门被称为工业生态学的新兴科学，企业和绿色活动人士开始汇编我们每一个决定对环境和生物的影响，并以一种友好的方式将这些信息传递给消费者。
16．根据前文“If you knew all that, would you still consider the T-shirt green?(如果你了解这一切，你还会认为这件T恤是绿色的吗？)”可知，此处是指还会不会购买这件T恤，所以选项A“你还会买它吗？”切合文意。故选A。
17．根据前文“It’s a question that most of us are ill equipped to answer, even as the debate over what is and isn’t green becomes all-important in a hot and crowded world.(这是一个我们大多数人都没有能力回答的问题，即使在一个炎热拥挤的世界里，关于什么是绿色的争论变得非常重要。)”可知，此处是解释为什么我们无法回答什么是绿色环保的问题，所以选项G“这是因为我们用复杂的供应链制造复杂产品的能力已经超过了我们理解后果的能力。”切合文意。故选G。
18．根据前文“We evolved to respond to threats that were clear and present. That’s why, when we eat spoiled food, we get disgusted and when we see a bright light, we shut our eyes.(我们进化到能够对明确而现实的威胁做出反应。这就是为什么，当我们吃变质的食物时，我们会感到厌恶，当我们看到明亮的光线时，我们会闭上眼睛。)”和后文“Scanning the supermarket aisles, we lack the data to understand the full impact of what we choose — and probably couldn’t make sense of the information even if we had it.(浏览超市过道时，我们缺乏数据来了解我们所选择的商品的全部影响——即使我们有这些信息，也可能无法理解这些信息的意义。)”可知，此处是指我们并没有进化出理解化工产品的影响的能力，所以选项F“但在进化过程中，我们还没有准备好去理解工业化学品可能对我们产生的累积影响。”切合文意。故选F。
19．根据前文“But what if we could seamlessly calculate the full lifetime effect of our actions on the earth and on our bodies?(但是，如果我们能够无缝地计算出我们的行为对地球和我们身体的整个一生的影响呢？)”和后文“That’s what psychologist Daniel Goleman describes in his forthcoming book, Ecological Intelligence.(这就是心理学家丹尼尔·戈尔曼在他即将出版的新书《生态智能》中所描述的。)”可知，此处是指如果我们能从生态方面思考，所以选项B“如果我们能从生态角度思考呢？”切合文意。故选B。
20．根据后文“It’s also about our ability to accept that we live in an infinitely connected world with finite resources.(这也关系到我们是否有能力接受我们生活在一个资源有限、联系无限的世界里。)”可知，此处是讲生态智能关系到什么，所以选项D“生态智能最终不仅仅是关于我们买什么。”切合文意。故选D。

21．A 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．D 27．B 28．D 29．D 30．A 31．D 32．A 33．C 34．A 35．C 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的女儿Daniel养成了写信的习惯，并与她最喜欢的收信人保持互动，通过写信，Daniel肯定了Anderson这样的邮政人员的工作，后来Anderson和很多邮政人员都写信给Daniel，表达他们被理解的感动。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我女儿已经养成了写信的习惯，并与她最喜欢的收信人保持互动。A. serious严肃的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. ridiculous荒谬的；D. temporary短暂的。根据下文“habit of writing letters and keeping interaction with her favorite”和“If you ever read her hand-decorated letter and envelopes”可知，Daniel的习惯是写信以及和别人保持互动，而且她亲手装饰信和信封，因此这个习惯是严肃的。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我女儿已经养成了写信的习惯，并与她最喜欢的收信人保持互动。A. receivers收件人；B. carriers承运人；C. contributors捐助者；D. partners伙伴。根据上文“habit of writing letters and keeping interaction with her favorite”和常识可知，Daniel作为写信人，可以和她的收信人保持互动。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你看过她亲手装饰的信和信封，那么我相信它们会让你很开心。A. ruin破坏；B. make制造；C. disturb打扰；D. compensate补偿。根据下文“It’s likely that a letter from Daniel includes some jokes or questions to ____4____ a response.”可知，Daniel的信很可能会包含一些笑话或问题，因此看到的人会感到开心，make one’s day是固定短语，意为“使……开心”。故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Daniel的信很可能会包含一些笑话或问题，以保证得到回应。A. guarantee保证；B. approach接近；C. bless保佑；D. celebrate庆祝。根据上文“a letter from Daniel includes some jokes or questions to”可知，Daniel的信会包含一些笑话或问题，因此这些笑话和问题应该是保证收信人给出回应。故选A。
25．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但当她给Anderson写信时，她写了一些独特的东西。A. And并且；B. So所以；C. But但是；D. Also也。根据下文“when she wrote a letter to Anderson, she put something unique in it”可知，Daniel给Anderson写信时会写一些独特的东西，因此和上文写笑话和问题是不同的，此处语义有转折，应用But，表示“但是”。故选C。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你对我很重要，帮助我和朋友保持联系。A. mean刻薄的；B. impatient没有耐心的；C. friendly友好的；D. important重要的。根据下文“assisting me to stay in touch with friends”可知，Anderson帮助Daniel和朋友保持联系，因此是很重要的。故选D。
27．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我用我的信使人们振作起来，你也这样做！A. keep on继续；B. cheer up振作；C. approve of批准；D. let alone更不用说。根据下文“people with my letters”和常识可知，人们通信时会互相勉励，会让对方振作起来。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，一个包裹到了，里面有两封信。A. lied撒谎；B. swallowed吞咽；C. survived幸存；D. arrived到达。根据上文“a package”和Daniel在写信可知，应该是包裹到了。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Anderson在信中说，他已经分享了Daniel的信，并相信许多邮政人员都想感谢。Daniel。A. denied否认；B. forgot忘记；C. missed错过；D. shared分享。根据下文“many postal folks”可知，许多邮政人员也都知道了Daniel，因此是分享了信。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Anderson在信中说，他已经分享了Daniel的信，并相信许多邮政人员都想感谢Daniel。A. thank感谢；B. train训练；C. conduct实施；D. company陪伴。根据上文“You’re very ____6____ to me, assisting me to stay in touch with friends. I ____7____ people with my letters, and you do that too!”可知，Daniel在信中肯定了Anderson的工作，因此邮政人员想感谢Daniel。故选A。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对信中的内容非常满意，因为如果没有其他邮递员的回信，可能会对她造成打击。A. anxious焦虑的；B. tolerant宽容的；C. upset心烦意乱的；D. pleased高兴的。根据下文Anderson从全国各地给作者带来了四箱信，信中讲述各种故事，表达被理解的感受可知，这里信的内容应该是积极友好的，因此Daniel会感到高兴。故选D。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对信中的内容非常满意，因为如果没有其他邮递员的回信，可能会对她造成打击。A. blow打击；B. shame羞耻；C. recognition认可；D. encouragement鼓励。根据上文“the possible result of no reply from other mail carriers”可知，没有其他邮递员的回信的结果会让认真写信的Daniel受到打击。故选A。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，今天，我们看到Anderson从全国各地给我带来了四箱信。A. Disappointingly令人失望的是；B. Abnormally不正常地；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶的是；D. Accidentally偶然地。根据下文“we saw Anderson bring four boxes of letters to me from around the country”可知，Anderson从全国各地给作者带来了四箱信，和平常的情况不同，因此会令人惊讶。故选C。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些信充满了人情味，充满了关于家庭、宠物和善意的故事。A. human有人情味的；B. private私人的；C. creative富有创造性的；D. hopeful有希望的。根据下文“filled with stories about family, pets and a sense of kindness”可知，这些，充满了关于家庭、宠物和善意的故事，因此是有人情味的。故选A。
35．考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：但它们里面不止这些，还有别的东西。A. rather than而不是；B. other than除了；C. more than不止；D. less than少于。根据下文“People felt ____16____ — some for the first time in a long time.”可知，这些信中除了各种故事，还表达了其他感受，因此是不止这些。故选C。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们感到被看到了——有些人是很久以来第一次。A. abandoned被抛弃的；B. seen被看见的；C. honored荣幸的；D. punished被惩罚的。根据上文“You’re very ____6____ to me, assisting me to stay in touch with friends. I ____7____ people with my letters, and you do that too!”可知，Daniel在信中肯定了Anderson这样的邮政人员的工作，因此他们会感觉自己被理解了。故选B。
37．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“很少有人想到我们工作有多费力……”A. frequently经常；B. relaxingly放松地；C. painstakingly费力地；D. extremely非常。根据上文““I work alone in a small rural post office…””可知，这些人讲述的是像一个人在乡村的一个小邮局工作这样的辛苦的经历，此处和上文表达的内容类似，因此是很少有人想到邮政人员工作有多费力。故选C。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我分享这个不是因为我骄傲，而是因为如果我们花时间给别人提供他们需要的链接，这相对容易。A. easy容易的；B. complex复杂的；C. flexible灵活的；D. worthless没有价值的。根据上文Daniel通过写信，肯定了Anderson这样的邮政人员的工作可知，花时间的话，这样的事情其实是相对容易的。故选A。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我分享这个不是因为我骄傲，而是因为如果我们花时间给别人提供他们需要的好链接，这相对容易。A. charge费用；B. links连接；C. assistance帮助；D. comfort安慰。根据上文Daniel通过写信，肯定了Anderson这样的邮政人员的工作，表达对他们工作的理解，与他们建立情感上的连接，让他们很感动可知，此处指给别人他们感觉良好所需要的连接。故选B。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都希望被理解、被了解、被爱。A. loved爱；B. expected期待；C. forgiven原谅；D. ignored忽视。根据上文“We all want to be seen, known”和常识可知，人们希望被理解、被了解，在被理解和被了解之后，更深一层次的是被爱。故选A。

41．concentrates 42．to 43．to see 44．better 45．published 46．various 47．that/which 48．opening 49．but 50．their

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了研究表示，相比较而言，城市老鼠比乡村老鼠更擅长解决新的问题，这是自然选择作用于它们居住在城市的祖先的产物。
41．考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：《伊索寓言》中的城市老鼠和乡村老鼠的故事，讲述的是城市生活的危险和好处。根据后文“For mice and men alike, as long as those involved, are able to grasp them.(对于老鼠和人一样，只要参与其中，都能理解它们。)”可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语Aesop’s fable为第三人称单数。故填concentrates。
42．考查介词。句意：它需要一种成功应对新问题的能力。respond to意为“应对，回应”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词to。故填to。
43．考查动词不定式。句意：因此，德国的两位研究人员观察了城市老鼠是否比农村老鼠更擅长做这件事。根据looked和“whether urban mice are”可知，此处是指为了看城市老鼠是否比农村老鼠更擅长做这件事，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
44．考查比较级。句意：因此，德国的两位研究人员观察了城市老鼠是否比农村老鼠更擅长做这件事。根据“than rural ones”可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。
45．考查过去分词。句意：他们刚刚发表在《动物行为》杂志上的结论是，确实如此。句子谓语动词是is，动词publish意为“发表”，和系动词is之间没有连词，需要填入非谓语动词，和主语conclusion构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填published。
46．考查形容词。句意：瓦莱里娅·马扎从农田捕获了17只老鼠，从柏林市中心的不同地方捕获了14只老鼠。修饰名词places应用形容词various表示“不同的”作定语。故填various。
47．考查定语从句。句意：他们把这些动物放在实验室里一年，然后让它们完成一些任务，以获得食物作为奖励。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为tasks，所以应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。
48．考查动名词。句意：任务包括打开乐高积木搭建的房子的窗户，从一个透明的塑料管里抽出一叠纸。与后文的yanking out并列，可知在动词included后应用动名词作宾语。故填opening。
49．考查连词。句意：两组老鼠似乎都同样渴望参与任务，但城市老鼠在解决新问题方面更有天赋。根据前文“Both groups seemed equally eager to participate in the tasks”和后文“the urban mice were more talented at solving the novel ones”可知，前后构成转折关系，且空格后没有逗号，所以应用连词but表示“但是”。故填but。
50．考查代词。句意：这表明它们是自然选择作用于它们居住在城市的祖先的产物。修饰名词ancestors应用形容词性物主代词their表示“它们的”。故填their。
51．1.在forced前加be
2.report→reports
3.make→made
4.wrapping→wrapped
5.a→the
6.去掉been
7.that→where
8.high→highly
9.And→But
10.by→in

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。孟买连续一周的大雨把蛇和其他爬行动物赶进了这座城市，文章对此进行了报道。
【详解】1.考查被动语态。句意：7月26日，《印度时报》孟买版在一篇关于一条拒绝被赶出卡车的蛇的新闻报道中写道：“在最近的大雨中，蛇一直被淋雨。”定语从句中的主语which代指snake，动词force意为“强迫”，和主语构成被动关系。故在forced前加be。
2.考查名词复数。句意：同一份报纸还报道了另外三条从集装箱中被救出的蛇。此处report意为“报告”，为可数名词，在several后应用复数形式。故将report改为reports。
3.考查一般过去时。句意：第二天，人们在城市的海滩上发现了一条迷路的蛇，这条蛇上了报纸。根据“the next day”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故将make改为made。
4.考查一般过去时。句意：那周晚些时候，一名28岁的男子在遥远的郊区发现了一条蛇，他把蛇缠在脖子上，穿过附近的一个市场。根据“found a snake in the distant suburbs”和“and walked through a nearby market area”可知，此处是三个连续的动作作谓语，且应用一般过去时。故将wrapping改为wrapped。
5.考查冠词。句意：蛇咬了他三次，他就死了。根据前文“Later that week a 28-year-old man found a snake in the distant suburbs”可知，此处是指前文中提到的蛇，所以应用定冠词表示特指。故将a改为the。
6.考查主动语态。句意：但连续一周的大雨也产生了同样的效果，把蛇和其他爬行动物赶进了城市，在那里它们寻求温暖和庇护。have the same effect意为“产生同样的效果”，和主语a week of heavy rain构成主动关系。故去掉been。
7.考查定语从句。句意：但连续一周的大雨也产生了同样的效果，把蛇和其他爬行动物赶进了城市，在那里它们寻求温暖和庇护。在定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且先行词为city，所以应用关系副词where。故将that改为where。
8.考查副词。句意：孟买建筑高度发达，人口密集。修饰动词应用副词highly表示“高度地，高水平地”作状语。故将high改为highly。
9.考查连词。句意：但是它也充满了垃圾，从而吸引老鼠。根据前文“Mumbai is high built up and densely populated.”和“it is also full of rubbish”可知，前后构成转折关系，所以应用连词but表示“但是”。故将And改为But。
10.考查介词。句意：老鼠，反过来，吸引饥饿的蛇。in turn意为“反过来”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词in。故将by改为in。
52．     Campus Top Ten Singers Competition, whose theme was to enrich school life and give full play to youth as well as their positive outlook, was launched last weekend. We students and all teaching staff gave an active response as well as a big applause to this event.
Those who are enthusiastic about singing participated in the competition, which was full of climax and splendor. The contestants’ singing styles are diverse, expressing their love for music and their declaration of youth. After fierce competition, the top ten singers came out in public. It not only opens a grand event for teachers and students but also attracts students to speak out for their dreams. We students will continue to follow the beat of youth and feel the life of culture and art.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道，要求考生为校英文报写一篇关于学校举办的“校园十佳歌手”大赛的报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
主题：theme→subject
反应：response→reaction
充满：be full of→be filled with
各种各样的：diverse→varied
2.句式拓展
简单句变强调句
原句：After fierce competition, the top ten singers came out in public.
拓展句：It was after fierce competition that the top ten singers came out in public.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Campus Top Ten Singers Competition, whose theme was to enrich school life and give full play to youth as well as their positive outlook, was launched last weekend. (运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] The contestants’ singing styles are diverse, expressing their love for music and their declaration of youth. (运用了现在分词作状语)