2023年山东省临沂市沂南县中考二模英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023年山东省临沂市沂南县中考二模英语试题（含解析），共14页。试卷主要包含了阅读单选，阅读还原5选4，短文选词填空，语法填空，阅读回答问题，填写适当的句子补全对话，材料作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年山东省临沂市沂南县中考二模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读单选
Thousands of years ago, there was a very wise king called Solomon. He was a king of the Jews. We find many stories about him in the Bible. Here is one of them showing how wise he was.
Once there were two women living in the same house, and they each had a baby. One night, one of the babies died, and its mother took the other woman’s child, and put it in her own bed instead.
The next morning they had a quarrel (争吵).
“No, this is my child. The dead one is yours,” said one.
“No, the dead one is yours. This child is mine,” said the other.
Each one wanted the living baby, but no one could tell whom it belonged to. So they went to see King Solomon.
Hearing their story, King Solomon said, “Bring me a knife. Cut the child in two, and give each woman one half.”
“That’s quite fair, oh wise King!” said the dead baby’s mother.
“Give her my child. Let it be hers, but don’t kill the child, oh King!” cried the other woman in tears.
Then, pointing to the woman in tears, King Solomon said, “Give the child to her, because she is the mother.”
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
1．What happened one night?
A．One of the babies died, and its mother took the other woman’s child.
B．The two women had a quarrel.
C．The two women went to see King Solomon.
2．Why did the other woman cry in tears?
A．Because the king wanted to kill her.
B．Because she told a lie.
C．Because she was the baby’s real mother.
3．Which of the following qualities (品质) can not describe King Solomon?
A．Wise. B．Fair. C．Cruel.

Margaret Ann Bulkley was born around 1789, in Ireland. She had big dreams. “I want to be a doctor!” But two hundred years ago a girl couldn’t become a doctor. Her uncle, James Barry, was a great painter. And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him. Years later, her uncle James Barry died, leaving her some money. It was enough to study to be a doctor.
“But a girl can’t become a doctor,” said Margaret sadly.
“Yes, you can!” said General Miranda. “All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.” Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry.
From then on, Margaret Ann Bulkley disappeared. She became James Barry and entered Edinburgh University. He took 13 subjects and worked all through the summer when the other students went on holiday.
Barry graduated in 1812 and decided to join the British Army. In his life, Dr. James Barry travelled all over the world, helping to save many lives. Before retirement, Barry had risen to the second-highest medical office r in the British Army. Barry improved the conditions for not only the wounded soldiers but also the local people, and performed the first recorded successful Caesarean section (剖宫产) in Africa. The secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years was only known after his death in 1865.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
4．Who played the most important role in Margaret’s becoming a doctor?
A．General Miranda. B．Her uncle James Barry. C．A soldier in the British Army
5．What does the underlined word “disguise” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Change one’s clothes. B．Dress like a doctor. C．Change one’s appearance.
6．Which was Dr. James Barry’s achievement in his job?
A．Becoming the highest officer in the British Army.
B．Improving medical conditions for the wounded soldiers.
C．Doing the world’s first recorded Caesarea n section successfully.
7．What was the secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years?
A．James Barry left much money.
B．Dr. James Barry was a woman.
C．General Miranda helped Margaret a lot.

Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don’t know is that junk (垃圾) has become a problem in outer space too.
According to BBC News, there are more than 22,000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes (望远镜). There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can’t see.
Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle (轨道).
To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example, when a US satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000 pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.
To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth’s atmosphere (大气层) after that time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.
Many scientists are also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing a metal net. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earth’s atmosphere to burn up. The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.
“The problem is becoming more challenging because we’re sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computers,” says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian space researcher.
“The time to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, the bigger it will become,” he says.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
8．Why is space junk considered a problem?
A．It burns up after it reenters the atmosphere.
B．It often stops the view of telescopes on Earth.
C．It may crash into other space tools causing damage (损坏；伤害) or death.
9．Countries want future space tools to be able to fall back into the earth’s atmosphere so that ______.
A．the tools can be reused later
B．the tools don’t become space junk
C．the earth’s atmosphere can stay clean
10．What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
A．A safe space tool can stay in space forever.
B．More efforts require to be made to keep outer space safe and clean.
C．Scientists have no trouble solving the problem of space junk.
11．In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article?
A．Environment. B．Local News. C．Education.


二、阅读还原5选4
There are many kinds of amazing animals in the world. Have you ever watched one of them—Canada geese (雁)? They can teach us a lesson about teamwork.
In autumn, Canada geese have to fly to the warm south to get away from cold winter. When they leave the ground and rise into the air, they fly in no order. 12 with one bird leading the group.
This V shape allows Canada geese to save energy. The head bird moves its wings up and down. The resulting (产生的) force of the air helps lift the next bird. Each bird will do so until they get to the southern part. 13 When it gets tired, another bird moves to the front and takes its place. By sharing this job, the group can travel great distances. Canada geese flying in a V shape can fly seventy percent farther without having a rest than the birds flying alone.
During the long flying journey, Canada geese communicate with one another. They honk (鸣叫) to encourage the birds up front to keep up the speed. 14
What have we learned from the experience and skills of the lovely Canada geese?
15 Whether in our personal lives or our jobs, we need the spirit of teamwork!
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．They also cheer one another up while working toward the same destination (目的地).
B．Then they quickly form a V shape,
C．Work together!
D．The bird at the head of the group has the hardest job.
E．Work alone!


三、短文选词填空
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供1—5小题选用，第二个方框供6—10小题选用。每个选项只能使用一次，每框有一项剩余。
A．lonely  B．the mark of  C． wanted  D．nobody  E. from time to time  F. was afraid
One day, walking along the sands towards his boat, Crusoe saw 16 a man’s foot in the sand. He was terrified (极度惊恐的) at the sight. He looked round, but could see 17 . He listened but could hear nothing. There were no other marks. Who had made the foot mark? Was there someone else on this 18 island? Was it a cannibal? Crusoe stared at the foot mark, full of fear.
He hurried home, looking behind 19 as he went. For some days he stayed in his cave (洞穴), behind his wall. He 20 to go out, even for food.
A．look for   B．must be   C． found   D．but   E. himself   F. could be
But no cannibals came, and after a time he began to go out again. He often thought about the foot mark. Perhaps he had made it 21 ? He decided to go back and look again. The foot mark was still there. He tried his foot in it, 22 it was much larger than his own. So there 23 someone else on the island. Full of fear again, Crusoe returned home.
He built another fence round his cave. Now he made holes in the wall and put his guns in them, pointing outwards. But he still did not feel safe enough. He decided to 24 another cave so that he could hide in it if cannibals came. He 25 a good place in the rocks. He stepped into the cave. Suddenly he saw two eyes looking at him out of the darkness. Was it a man, or a wild animal? He hurried out into the daylight.


四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sports are perhaps the most popular form of relaxation that almost all can enjoy, 26 boys or girls, men or women, young or old.
Some people seem 27 (think) that sports and games are not important things that people do, at times when they are not working, instead of going to the cinema, listening to the radio, or sleeping. But in fact sports and games can be of great value, especially to people who work with their brains most of the day. Sports and games should not 28 (treat) only as amusements.
Sports and games build up our bodies, prevent us from getting too fat, and keep us 29 (health). But these are not their only uses. They give us valuable practice in 30 (help) the eyes, brain and muscles (肌肉) to work together.
Sports and games are also very useful for character-training (品质的培养). In their lessons 31 school, boys and girls may learn about such virtues (德行) as unselfishness (无私；慷慨), courage, rules and love of one’s country: but what is learned in books cannot have the same deep influence on a 32 (child) character as what is learned through experience. So what the students do in their spare time is of great 33 (important). If each of them learns to make 34 effort for his team and not for himself on the sports field, later he 35 (find) it natural to work for the good of society, for the good of his country.


五、阅读回答问题
In ancient China，it was common that the eldest son should look after the parents. But Confucius' elder brother was disabled，so Confucius（孔子）had to take care of his mother till she died in 535 BC． （One of his teachings was that a person should feel or express great sadness for their parents' death for three years. The reason was that they looked after the child completely nilit was three. Filial piety（孝道）is very important in Confucius' thought.
After he had finished mourning（守孝）for his mother，he began to teach and got followers around him. How many students did Confucius get？We are not sure. It is believed that 72 of them were very famous. Some of his students came from poor families，others were from rich families. He thought everyone should have a right to receive education.
Confucius lived in a time of being unstable（不稳定的），so many of his teachings were connected to social harmony（和谐）. He thought，in a family，parents should behave like parents，caring for the young，while children should behave like children，knowing how to look after the old. If such relationships are remained，a country will be peaceful and a family will be harmonious（和睦的）.
“Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself. ”
“When one's parents are alive，one should not go far away. ”
These sayings, together with many others, were beautifully written in Chinese ancient texts. They have been learned by Chinese people over the centuries.
36．How long should a person mourn for his parents' death according to the passage?

37．Did Confucius have only 72 students?

38．What was Confucius' idea about receiving education?

39．Why were many of his teachings connected to social harmony?

40．Where were many of Confucius' sayings written?



六、填写适当的句子补全对话
根据对话内容，在空白处填入适当的句子，使对话意思完整。
Gina and Lisa are at home. Gina is surfing the Internet and Lisa is reading a book.
Gina: Hi, Lisa. 41 ?
Lisa: Yes, of course, I really want some cheap film tickets. There is a new film in the theater now. 42 ?
Gina: Forty yuan for one ticket.
Lisa: Are you kidding me? Usually one ticket is about 100 yuan.
Gina: Yeah, it’s the usual price. But, here, on this group-buying website, it’s much cheaper.
Lisa: Let me see! (Come to the computer) Yes, it’s true!
Gina: Now, many of my friends buy film tickets on this website. We can bulk discounts (大幅优惠).
Lisa: So we can save a lot of money! It is really a good idea to go group-buying.
Gina: That’s right. 43 ? We’d better hurry, for the tickets will be sold out very soon.
Lisa: I want four tickets! 44 .
Gina: You’re welcome.


七、材料作文
45．良好的生活习惯对一个人的影响非常大，所以养成良好的生活习惯非常重要。请以“My living habits”为题，根据以下要求与提示，用英语写一篇短文。
要求：1.短文中不得出现任何真实人名、校名及其他相关信息。
2.不少于60词。
提示：1. What are your living habits?
2. What do they influence you?
3. What will you do in the future?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．C

【导语】本文主要讲述了一个聪明的国王判断活着的婴儿是哪一位母亲的孩子的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据“One night, one of the babies died, and its mother took the other woman’s child, and put it in her own bed instead.”可知，一天晚上，其中一个婴儿死了，它的母亲把另一个女人的孩子抱去，放在了自己的床上，故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据“Bring me a knife. Cut the child in two, and give each woman one half”及“‘Give her my child. Let it be hers, but don’t kill the child, oh King!’ cried the other woman in tears.”可知，这位真正的母亲听到国王要杀了自己的孩子，所以难过地哭了，故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“Thousands of years ago, there was a very wise king called Solomon.”可知，这个国王很聪明。结合这个国王判断活着的婴儿是哪一位母亲的孩子的经过可知，这位国王很公平。故选C。
4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B

【导语】本文主要讲述了Margaret Ann Bulkley为了实现自己成为医生的梦想，把自己装扮成一位男性从医的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据“And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him.”及“‘Yes, you can!’ said General Miranda. ‘All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.’”可知，是General Miranda鼓励她去实现自己的梦想，故选A。
5．词义猜测题。根据“So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes.”可知，为了成为一名医生，把自己的头发剪短，装扮成一个男孩，所以disguise与Change one’s appearance同义，故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据“Barry improved the conditions for not only the wounded soldiers but also the local people”可知，改善了伤兵的生活条件是他所取得的成就之一，故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据“Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry.”可知，她假扮成男孩成为一名医生是她一直保守的秘密，故选B。
8．C 9．B 10．B 11．A

【导语】本文主要讲述了垃圾不仅是地球上，而且也是太空里的一大问题，对人类生存环境造成极大的影响，许多科学家也提出了清理太空垃圾的不同方法。
8．细节理解题。根据第3大段“even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle”可知它可能会撞上太空里的其他东西，这会造成伤亡或者损害。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth’s atmosphere (大气层) after that time.”可知，是为了让太空工具不会成为太空垃圾。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段和最后一段可知，太空垃圾这个问题变得越来越具有挑战性，现在必须采取行动来解决它，因为拖得越久就会变得越严重，所以我们需要作出更多努力来保持太空的安全和清洁。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据“Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don’t know is that junk (垃圾) has become a problem in outer space too.”可知，本文主要讲述的是太空垃圾，环境的问题，所以可能会出现在报纸上的环境版块。故选A。
12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C

【导语】本文主要讲述了加拿大大雁为了躲避加拿大寒冷的冬天，不得不飞到温暖的南方，在飞行途中团队合作相互鼓励的故事。
12．根据“When they leave the ground and rise into the air, they fly in no order.”和下文“This V shape allows Canada geese to save energy.”可知，此处是表达大雁们以V字型飞行，选项B“然后它们迅速形成V形”符合语境，故选B。
13．根据“When it gets tired, another bird moves to the front and takes its place.”可知，此处是说领头鸟很辛苦，选项D“领头鸟的工作最辛苦。”符合语境，故选D。
14．根据“They honk to encourage the birds up front to keep up the speed.”可知，此处在谈及大雁们相互鼓励的事，选项A“他们在朝着同一个目的地努力的同时，也会互相打气”符合语境，故选A。
15．根据“What have we learned from the experience and skills of the lovely Canada geese?”和“Whether in our personal lives or our jobs, we need the spirit of teamwork!”可知，我们从可爱的加拿大大雁的经验和技能中学到的是一起努力，团结一致，选项C“团结一致”符合语境，故选C。

16．B 17．D 18．A 19．E 20．F 21．E 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．C

【导语】本文主要讲述了Crusoe在孤岛上发现了一些他从未见过的脚印，于是开始寻找脚印的来源。最后发现是野人的脚印，于是找到了一个洞穴把自己藏起来，来躲避野人。
16．句意：一天，克鲁索沿着沙滩向他的船走去时，看到了一个人的脚在沙子上留下的记号。根据“saw…a man’s foot in the sand”及“Crusoe stared at the foot mark, full of fear”可知，看到了一个人的在沙子上留下的脚印，故选B。
17．句意：他环顾四周，但什么人也没看见。根据“He looked round, but could see”及备选词可知，什么人都没看见，此空应填否定词nobody“没有人”，故选D。
18．句意：这个荒岛上还有别人吗？此空缺少形容词修饰名词island，备选词lonely“人迹罕见的”符合，故选A。

19．句意：他匆匆回家，一边走一边不时地回头看。根据“looking behind… as he went.”及备选词可知，时不时地回头看，from time to time“不时”，故选E。
20．句意：他连吃饭都不敢出去。根据“For some days he stayed in his cave”及“He … to go out”可知，害怕只能待在洞穴里，不敢出去，故选F。
21．句意：也许是他自己留下的吗？根据“But no cannibals came”及“he had made it ”可知，并没有食人族，所以以为是自己留下的足迹，himself“他自己”，故选E。
22．句意：他试了试脚，但脚比他自己的大得多。空格前后是转折关系，用but连接，故选D。
23．句意：所以岛上一定还有其他人。根据“He tried his foot in it, … it was much larger than his own.”可知，看到留下的脚印比自己的大，所以推测一定还有其他人，表示十分的肯定用情态动词must，故选B。
24．句意：他决定再找一个山洞，这样如果野人来了，他就可以躲在里面。根据“another cave so that he could hide in it if cannibals came”及备选词可知，想寻找另一个山洞躲起来，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，此空应填动词原形，look for“寻找”符合，故选A。
25．句意：他在岩石中找到了一个好地方。根据“a good place in the rocks”可知，在岩石中找到了一个好地方，强调找到的结构，应填found表示“找到”，故选C。

26．whether 27．to think 28．be treated 29．healthy 30．helping
31．at 32．child’s 33．importance 34．an 35．will find

【导语】本文主要介绍了运动和比赛的重要性。
26．句意：运动也许是最受欢迎的放松方式，几乎所有人都喜欢，无论男孩女孩，男人或女人，年轻人或老年人。whether or“无论”，固定搭配，故填whether。
27．句意：有些人似乎认为运动和比赛不是人们做的重要的事情。seem to do sth“似乎做某事”，此空应填动词不定式，故填to think。
28．句意：体育和比赛不应该只被当作娱乐。主语“Sports and games”与动词treat是被动关系，结合“should”可知，此处是含有情态动词的被动语态should be done的结构，故填be treated。
29．句意：运动和比赛增强我们的身体，防止我们变得太胖，使我们保持健康。keep sb+形容词，表示“保持某人……”，形容词作宾补，故填healthy。
30．句意：它们在帮助眼睛、大脑和肌肉协同工作方面给了我们宝贵的练习。in是介词，后接动名词，故填helping。
31．句意：在学校的课程中，男孩和女孩可以学到无私、勇气、规则和爱国等美德。at school“在学校”，固定搭配，故填at。
32．句意：但是，从书本上学到的东西不可能像从经验中学到的东西那样，对孩子的性格产生同样深刻的影响。根据a可知，此空应填单数形式，同时此空修饰名词character，应填名词所有格，故填child’s。
33．句意：所以学生在课余时间做什么是非常重要的。根据“of great ”可知，此空应填名词importance“重要性”，故填importance。
34．句意：如果他们每个人都学会在运动场上为他的球队而不是为自己努力，后来他就会很自然地为社会、为国家而工作。make an effort“作出努力”，固定搭配，故填an。
35．句意：如果他们每个人都学会在运动场上为他的球队而不是为自己努力，后来他就会很自然地为社会、为国家而工作。根据later可知，此处用一般将来时will do的结构，故填will find。
36．For three years. 37．No, he didn't. 38．Everyone(should) have a right to receive education. 39．Because he lived in a time of being unstable. 40．In Chinese ancient texts.

【分析】本文主要介绍了中国大思想家孔子对于“孝道”思想论述。孝道在孔子思想中是非常重要的，他认为一个人应该为父母守孝三年。由于孔子生活在一个不稳定的时代，他的许多教义都与社会和谐有关。
36．由第一段第三句“One of his teachings was that a person should feel or express great sadness for their parents’ death for three years.”可知一个人应该为父母守孝三年，故答案为For three years.。
37．由第二段“How many students did Confucius get？We are not sure. It is believed that 72 of them were very famous.”可知，孔子的弟子远不止72人，其中有72圣贤。 故答案为No. he didn't.。
38．由第二段最后一句“He thought everyone should have a right to receive education.”可知孔夫子认为每个人都有接受教育的权利。故答案为Everyone(should) have a right to receive education.。
39．由第三段第一句“Confucius lived in a time of being unstable（不稳定的），so many of his teachings were connected to social harmony.” 孔子生活在一个不稳定的时代，他的许多教义都与社会和谐有关。故答案为Because he lived in a time of being unstable.。
40．由短文最后一段第一句“These sayings, together with many others, were beautifully written in Chinese ancient texts.”可知，孔子的言论都是写在中国古代文献中。答案为In Chinese ancient texts.。
41．Do want to buy some cheap film tickets 42．How much is one ticket 43．How many tickets do you want 44．Thank you (very much)

【导语】本文是Gina和Lisa讨论购买优惠电影票的一则对话。
41．根据“Yes, of course, I really want some cheap film tickets.”可知，这是一个一般疑问句，且是询问是否想买一些便宜的电影票，故填Do want to buy some cheap film tickets。
42．根据“Forty yuan for one ticket.”可知，询问电影票的价格，故填How much is one ticket。
43．根据“I want four tickets”可知，询问对方要多少张票，故填How many tickets do you want。
44．根据“You’re welcome”可知，对对方表示感谢，故填Thank you (very much)。
45．例文
    Good living habits have a big influence on our lives. So forming good living habits is very important.
    Eating healthily and doing sports are my living habits. Eating healthily makes me healthy, while doing sports makes me relaxed. In the future, I will keep doing these. I will do sports at least one hour a day. And in order to get enough sleep, I will get up early and not stay up late.
    I hope everyone can have a good living habit.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时和一般将来时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍良好的生活习惯的重要性；
第二步，介绍自己的生活习惯，这些习惯对自己的影响，以及未来如何做；
第三步，表达自己的希望。
[亮点词汇]
①have a big influence on对……有很大的影响
②at least至少
③get up early早起
④stay up late熬夜
[高分句型]
①So forming good living habits is very important.（动名词作主语）
②And in order to get enough sleep, I will get up early and not stay up late.（动词不定式作目的状语）