2023年河北省唐山市丰润区中考二模英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023年河北省唐山市丰润区中考二模英语试题（含解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读单选，多任务混合阅读，短文综合填空，将所给单词连成句子，书信作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年河北省唐山市丰润区中考二模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单项选择
1．—Lily and Tom, help ________ to some cakes.    
—OK, we will.
A．ourselves B．themselves C．yourself D．yourselves
2．My best friend will ________ Beijing tomorrow. I don’t want to part with him.
A．leave for B．learn about C．move on D．join in
3．—Harry, I called you last night, but you didn’t answer.
—Sorry, I ________ for the test and my phone was on the silent mode.
A．am studying B．was studying C．studied D．will study
4．—Dad, may I play computer games for a while?
—As soon as all your homework ________, you can play.
A．will finish B．finish C．is finished D．will be finished
5．—Jack, let’s have a picnic after school.
—Sorry. I ________ Frank to work on the biology report with him yesterday.
A．advised B．expected C．suggested D．promised
6．Once you have a plan, you ________ take actions to achieve it, or you will surely regret.
A．would B．should C．could D．might
7．He ________ me his name, but I can’t remember it now.
A．has told B．told C．is telling D．tells
8．We don’t understand our parents’ love for us ________ we become parents ourselves one day.
A．after B．when C．unless D．since
9．The instructions of the medicine are ________ French. I don’t know how to take it.
A．for B．to C．by D．in
10．—Could you please tell me ________?
—I bought it in the bookstore nearby.
A．when you read the book B．how you paid for the book
C．where you bought the book D．why you liked the book

二、完形填空
The 6th World Intelligence Congress (世界智能大会) was held online on June 24, 2022. It brought 11 guests together, including Nobel Prize and Turing Award winners. WIC is one of the leading events in the field of 12 . It has made many great achievements in the past five years and in the development of next-generation AI. Here are a few of the most 13 points.
First, a 14 number of the latest scientific and technological achievements have been exhibited (展览). In past years, many products and technologies have been exhibited, 15 robots that play in a band, smart homes, smart transport and smart anti-pandemic (抗疫) tools.
Second, international exchanges and cooperation (合作) have been deepened. The Global Forum on Urban Governance was also held in 2021. 16 from 41 countries and organizations attended to find the development through two-way learning.
Third, intelligent technology has been 17 put into social development. The host city Tianjin builds a national advance manufacturing R&D base (先进制造业研发基地). It is 18 new power into the city’s high-quality development.
As Li Hongzhong said, our 19 has been working hard and made many achievements in the past five years. At the same time, our country will also 20 hard to make manufacturing a main power for the city’s development, deepen the reform (改革) of the local science and technology management system.
11．A．rich B．famous C．careful D．humorous
12．A．technology B．sport C．nature D．medicine
13．A．magic B．proper C．important D．strange
14．A．total B．few C．little D．huge
15．A．such as B．because of C．instead of D．rather than
16．A．Visitors B．Workers C．Teachers D．Leaders
17．A．quietly B．deeply C．slowly D．early
18．A．breaking B．falling C．putting D．looking
19．A．class B．town C．country D．factory
20．A．promise B．try C．decide D．plan


三、阅读单选
There was once a little boy with a bad temper (脾气). He often had fights with his friends. One day, his father gave him a bag of nails (钉子) and told him to hammer (敲) a nail into the fence every time he lost his temper. The boy listened to his father and did what his father told him to do.
The first day, the boy drove 17 nails into the fence. Then the number of nails became less and less in the following days. The boy found that it was easier to keep his temper than to drive the nails into the fence. Finally, the day came when the boy didn’t lose his temper at all. He told his father about it and his father asked him to pull out one nail each time he was able to keep his temper.
The days passed and the young boy was finally able to tell his father that all the nails were gone.The father took his son by the hand and led him to the fence. He said, “You have done well, son, but look at the holes in the fence. The fence will never be the same as it was before. When you say some words in anger, your bad temper will leave a scar just like the hole. Even if you say you’re sorry, the wound is still there. If you hurt a person with words, the wound is as bad as a physical one. Friends are rare jewels (稀有珍宝). They make you smile and feel happy. So never hurt your friends.”
Since then the boy had never fought with his friends. He learned how to get on with others and he never lost his temper again.
21．What did the father ask the little boy to do each time he lost his temper?
A．To have fights with his friends. B．To hammer a nail into the fence.
C．To listen to light music. D．To eat much chocolate.
22．What did the father ask him to do each time he was able to keep his temper?
A．Pull out one nail. B．Drive one nail into the fence.
C．Lose his temper. D．Tell his father about it.
23．What does the story tell us?
A．We need to buy a bag of nails. B．Friends are not important at all.
C．Lose your temper when you are angry. D．We should keep our temper and get on well with others.

You can’t play, run, skate or ride a bike on the railroad. There are many places where the railroad tracks (轨道) cross the roads or streets. Many of these railroad crossings are marked with the signs in the table below.

This sign means you are coming to a railroad crossing. Always look both sides and listen carefully to be sure no train is coming from either direction before you go across the tracks.

Many railroad crossings have a gate with flashing lights. The gate will close when a train is coming.
● NEVER play around a closed railroad gate.
● NEVER try to get across the tracks before the train gets there.

Some railroad crossings which don’t have gates may have this sign. When the lights are flashing, a train is coming. You should wait until the train passes instead of trying to cross the tracks.
Be careful when crossing road tracks:* Railroad tracks are uneven (凹凸不平的). You should not bicycle, skate or run when crossing the tracks.
* Trains are very large and heavy, so they need take a long time to stop.
* Sometimes when a train has just passed from one direction, another train may come from the opposite direction. You may not notice the second train because of the noise of the first rain.
24．When you see the first sign, you should _________.
A．not go across the railroad tracks B．stop to wait for a train to pass
C．pass the railroad tracks at once D．make sure no train is coming before you cross the tracks
25．Where can you see the third sign?
A．At the train stations. B．On the railroad tracks.
C．At railroad crossings that have gates. D．At railroad crossings that have no gates.
26．What can you learn from the passage?
A．There are many gates at the railroad crossings.
B．We can see many railroad signs in our cities.
C．It’s dangerous to play, run or ride a bicycle on the railroad.
D．It takes a short time for a train to stop.

We often find that weekends and holidays feel so short while classes and work feel so long. Actually, though, we know that this is not true. But we still wonder where that strange feeling comes from.
In fact, this is one of the ways that we’re tricked by time, according to the website. All That Is Interesting. The website lists several wrong impressions (印象) we often have about time. Let’s have a look.
First of all, emotions affect our time-keeping abilities. Negative emotions (消极情绪), especially anxiety (焦虑) and boredom, make time seem longer because they make us concentrate (集中) more on the passage of time. However, when we are enjoying ourselves, we pay more attention to what we are doing and are likely to lose track of (失去对……的意识) time.
Here is another example. In 2007, a group of scientists carried out a test. In the test, people fell 50 meters into a safety net and were then asked about their experience. Although the experience took shorter than 3 seconds, the people thought it was much longer than it actually was.
This is because of the way our bodies reply to danger, according to the scientists. Our bodies produce a chemical called adrenaline (肾上腺素) when we are faced with danger. It allows us to concentrate better so that we can stay alive. As a result, we are able to remember far more details (细节) over a short period of time, which makes it seem like time is going more slowly.
Another situation when we make mistakes about time is when we take afternoon naps (午觉). Have you ever had trouble telling what time it is after a long nap? That’s because the best amount of time for a nap is 20 minutes. After 20 minutes, you enter a new stage of sleep called slow-wave sleep. If you wake up mid-way in this stage, it will take a while before you can correctly perceive (感知) time again.
Yes, time can be mysterious (神秘的) and there is no way to control it. So, perhaps the best thing to do is to make good use of every minute.
27．According to the passage, what possibly makes people feel so long?
A．Weekends and holidays. B．Weekends and work.
C．Classes and work. D．Holidays and work.
28．According to the passage, what will NOT happen when we are faced with danger?
A．Our bodies will produce a chemical called adrenaline.
B．We are able to feel that time seems to go more slowly.
C．Adrenaline will make us concentrate better to stay alive.
D．We will forget far more details over a short period of time.
29．What’s the best amount of time for a tap?
A．20 minutes. B．Over 20 minutes.
C．Less than 20 minutes. D．Half an hour.
30．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Negative emotions, especially anxiety and boredom, make time seem longer because they make us concentrate more on the passage of time.
B．When we are enjoying ourselves, we pay more attention to what we are doing and we are able to feel like time is going more slowly.
C．If we wake up mid-way after a long nap, it will take a while before we can correctly perceive time again.
D．We should make good use of every minute.

Self-reflection (反省) means stopping the mad rush of activity and keeping yourself and your mind cool, so your brain can evaluate (评价) the input that it has already received. Some people prefer to do their self-reflection in the way of thinking, while others do it in the way of writing something, like keeping a diary or writing notes of some kind.
School textbooks are often divided into units of study, This can make self-reflection easier for someone who wants to do it. Self-reflection can be done in any of the subjects you are learning: math, art or others. Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is over because there is some kind of test. Using those natural breaks above as chances to reflect is a good way.
As a student, you can do self-reflection at school. First, you can write down some notes on things that you learned in this unit that you did not know before you began, Let your mind think over the notes and make some connections with what you have learned. Next, think about the things that you still wonder about, For example, you learned a new way to solve a math problem, but you are not sure when to use it. Writing down your questions will help you remember to seek answers when you meet the same topic again.
Self-reflection is an important skill for a successful student. If you have never taken the time to reflect, try it now.
31．If you keep a reflection diary, that means you are doing self-reflection by the form of ________.
A．speaking B．action C．writing D．thinking
32．________ is a natural break chance to reflect.
A．Taking some kind of rest when school is over
B．That school textbooks are divided into units
C．Keeping a diary or writing notes of some kind
D．Letting your mind think over the notes
33．When taking notes or keeping a reflection diary, you should ________ first.
A．make some connections to solve a problem
B．let your mind think over the notes or diary you have written
C．write down some notes you don’t know before you began
D．seek answers next time you meet the same topic
34．The underlined word “seek” in the passage means ________.
A．take up B．get away C．put out D．find out
35．This passage mainly tells us ________.
A．the ways to do self-reflection B．how to be a successful student
C．why self-reflection is an important skill D．what is self-reflection


四、多任务混合阅读
Who do you think is the most successful? Who do you think is the least successful? In fact, different people have different ideas about success.
Many of us place great value on performance, on achievements, or on reaching several various(各种各样的) goals. Others connect success with material goods(物质材料), measuring(衡量) it by how much one can achieve. Others measure(判定) success by how much they can give to their families, or to the community and society in general. But most success has something to do with becoming rich, famous, and being respected at work.
However, I think it doesn’t have to be that way. Being successful could mean simply being satisfied with oneself and one’s career(职业). For many people, a successful person is someone who is satisfied with his or her work and life.
But how does one get from here to there? How does one reach this feeling of satisfaction with life and career? It seems that successful people often do two things: They use their natural abilities in their work. They set career and life goals.
In other words, successful people choose careers where they can use their natural abilities, or do what comes naturally to them. For example, successful teachers are people who know how to help people learn, and the best doctors are those who know how to listen to people. Successful people know where they are starting from, and what direction they want to give their lives and careers, even if it is something as simple and wonderful as raising a happy family.
1-2题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下全文的主题句；5题将文中画线句译成汉语。
36．Performance, achievements or are placed great value on by many of us.
37．The writer thinks being successful means with oneself and one’s career.
38．According to the writer, what do successful teachers know?

39．
40．


五、短文综合填空
根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写正确的单词。
Playgrounds in schools and parks are usually built to be safe enough. Most of the safety rules were created 41 the 1980s after a few accidents happened on playgrounds. Some children were hurt 42 (serious) in these accidents. Their parents said the playgrounds weren’t safe enough and the owners of the playgrounds 43 (have) to pay much money to those parents. After that, schools and cities began changing playgrounds to make them as safe 44 possible.
But safe playgrounds have not really made a 45 (different) in the accidents. In fact, there have been more accidents. Some experts (专家) believe that this is because children can learn to be careful only 46 they are in danger.
Children should do things that seem a little dangerous—like climbing trees, riding bikes really fast or playing near water. Those things can teach 47 (they) how to keep safe. When children have small accidents, they learn 48 to avoid worse accidents.
If children 49 (allow) to take some risks, they can become confident and independent. They also get better at problem solving and teamwork.
Many experts also believe that “safe” playgrounds are too boring. They say that if playgrounds were more challenging and 50 (excite), kids would probably get more exercise.


六、将所给单词连成句子
51．like, do, basketball, you
?
52．lots of, basketballs, bring, can, us, fun
.
53．playing, team, Team Red, against, is, our
.
54．exciting, is, the, how, match
!
55．I, will, win, suppose, we
.

七、书信作文
56．假设你是托尼, 你的朋友Mike即将面临中考, 他深感压力巨大, 情绪低落, 影响学习。请你写一封信, 给他提一些有益的建议。
（1）学会放松自己（体育锻炼;听音乐）
（2）健康饮食, 少吃垃圾食品, 多吃水果蔬菜。
（3）充足睡眠, 课上不困, 大脑活跃。
（4）学会沟通, 遇到问题向师长寻求建议, 和朋友分享。
注意：
（1）短文应该包括所给内容要点, 可适当发挥, 使文章连贯
（2）词数80~100. 开头已给出, 不计入总词数。
Dear mike
I'm told that you are facing so big an exam that you feel stressed and down. As a result, it has an influence on your study. As your friend. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Tony

参考答案：
1．D
【详解】句意：——Lily和Tom，请随便吃些蛋糕。——好的，我们会的。
考查反身代词。ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己。根据“Lily and Tom”可知，此处用复数的人称代词，结合“help … to some cakes”可知，这句话是对Lily和Tom说的，所以是说“请你们随便吃”，故选D。
2．A
【详解】句意：我最好的朋友明天要去北京。我不想和他分开。
考查动词短语。leave for动身去；learn about了解；move on继续前进；join in加入。根据“I don’t want to part with him.”可知要离别了，由此推出朋友要动身去北京。故选A。
3．B
【详解】句意：——Harry，我昨晚给你打电话，但你没接。——抱歉，我正在学习准备考试，手机调成了静音模式。
考查动词时态。根据“I called you last night, but you didn’t answer.”可知昨晚那时正在准备考试，表示过去正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，故选B。
4．C
【详解】句意：——爸爸，我可以玩一会儿电脑游戏吗？——只要你的作业一做完，你就可以玩了。
考查动词时态和语态的用法。根据“As soon as all your homework…”可知homework是finish的承受者，使用被动语态，且homework是不可数名词；因as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
5．D
【详解】句意：——杰克，让我们放学后野餐去吧。——对不起。我昨天承诺了法兰克和他去为生物学报告而工作。
考查动词辨析。advised 建议；expected 期待；suggested建议； promised 承诺。根据“sorry”以及“work on the biology report with him”结合选项可知，他不能去野餐，因为他承诺了和法兰克一起为生物学报告而工作。用动词“promised”。故选D。
6．B
【详解】句意：一旦你有了计划，你就应该采取行动去实现它，否则你一定会后悔的。
考查情态动词。would将要；should应该；could能够；might可能。由句中“or you will surely regret”知，此句是说有了计划，就应该马上去实施，以免后悔，故选B。
7．B
【详解】句意：他告诉了我他的名字，但我现在不记得了。
考查时态。根据“but I can’t remember it now”可知，是过去告诉我了，所以要用一般过去时，此空应填told，故选B。
8．C
【详解】句意：除非有一天我们自己成为父母，我们才能理解父母的爱。
考查连词。after在……之后；when当……的时候；unless除非；since自从。根据“We don’t understand our parents’ love for us...we become parents ourselves one day.”可知，此处应用unless引导条件状语从句，表示除非有一天我们成为父母。故选C。
9．D
【详解】句意：这药的说明书是用法语写的。我不知道该怎么服用。
考查介词辨析。for为了；to到；by通过；in用。根据“French”可知此处指用法语写的说明书，用介词in。故选D。
10．C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你是在哪里买的这本书的吗？——我是在附近的书店买的。
考查宾语从句。when you read the book你什么时间读书；how you paid for the book这本书你是如何付钱的；where you bought the book你在哪儿买的这本书；why you liked the book你为什么喜欢这本书。根据答语“I bought it in the bookshop nearby”我是在附近的书店买的，可知此处询问买书的地点，C选项符合题意。故选C。

11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．A 16．D 17．B 18．C 19．C 20．B

【导语】本文主要说明了第六届世界智能大会的举行以及大会的3个要点。
11．句意：它汇集了包括诺贝尔奖和图灵奖获得者在内的著名嘉宾。
rich富裕的；famous著名的；careful认真的；humorous幽默的。根据“including Nobel Prize and Turing Award winners”可知诺贝尔奖和图灵奖获得者都是著名人物。故选B。
12．句意：世界智能大会是技术领域的领先事件之一。
technology技术；sport运动；nature自然；medicine医药。根据“scientific and technological achievements”可知文章多次提到科技，因此与技术有关。故选A。
13．句意：以下是一些最重要的要点。
magic有魔力的；proper恰当的；important重要的；strange陌生的；奇怪的。根据常识，首段尾句为衔接句，主要引出文章的重要内容。故选C。
14．句意：首先，展出了大量最新的科技成果。
total总计；few几乎没有（修饰可数名词复数形式）；little几乎没有（修饰不可数名词）；huge巨大的。根据“many products”可知展出了许多产品；a huge number of“大量的”符合题意。故选D。
15．句意：在过去的几年里，展出了许多产品和技术，如乐队演奏的机器人、智能家居、智能交通和智能抗疫工具。
such as例如；because of因为；instead of代替；rather than而不是。空后为列举，such as“例如”合适。故选A。
16．句意：来自41个国家和组织的领导人出席了会议，通过双向学习了解发展情况。
Visitors游客；Workers工人；Teachers教师；Leaders领导人。根据“international exchanges and cooperation”可知国家交流合作盛会参加者为国家领导人。故选D。
17．句意：第三，智能技术已深入融入社会发展。
quietly安静的；deeply深深地；slowly缓慢地；early早。此处修饰put into，应是“深入融入”合理。故选B。
18．句意：它正在为这座城市的高质量发展注入新的动力。
breaking打破；falling摔倒，掉落；putting放置；looking看。put...into...“给……注入”符合句意。故选C。
19．句意：正如李鸿忠所说，在过去的五年里，我们国家一直在努力并取得了许多成就。
class班级；town小镇；country国家；factory工厂。根据后句“At the same time, our country...”可知是以“我们国家”展开的论述。故选C。
20．句意：同时，我国还将努力使制造业成为城市发展的主要力量，深化地方科技管理体制改革。
promise许诺；try努力；decide决定；plan计划。try hard to do sth.“努力做某事”符合句意。故选B。
21．B 22．A 23．D

【分析】本文讲述一个男孩脾气很大，经常和朋友打架，他父亲告诉他每生一次气就往篱笆上钉一颗钉子，后来父亲又告诉他每控制住脾气就可以拔掉一根钉子，最后男孩将篱笆上的钉子全部拔掉了，但是钉子的痕迹还在。父亲以此告诉男孩，即便说了对不起但是仍然伤害了别人，所以告诉男孩永远不要伤害朋友。
21．细节理解题。根据“told him to hammer (敲) a nail into the fence every time he lost his temper.”可知，父亲告诉他每次他发脾气就往篱笆上钉一颗钉子。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“his father asked him to pull out one nail each time he was able to keep his temper.”可知，他的父亲让他每次能控制住自己的脾气时就拔出一颗钉子。故选A。
23．推理判断题。A项：我们需要买一袋钉子；B项：朋友根本不重要；C项：生气的时候要发脾气；D项：我们应该保持冷静，好好相处。根据文章内容及最后一段最后一句“He learned how to get on with others and he never lost his temper again.”可知，这个故事想告诉我们要控制住自己的脾气与他人好好相处。故选D。
【点睛】本文浅显易懂，各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据。只要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，就能顺利完成阅读。文章所设试题主要考查细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查小题和原文的异同。
例如第1小题，审题之后很容易根据文中“told him to hammer a nail into the fence every time he lost his temper.”可知，父亲告诉他每次他发脾气就往篱笆上钉一颗钉子。故选B。
24．D 25．D 26．C

【导语】本文主要是告诉我们铁道路口的标志，告诉我们注意安全。
24．细节理解题。根据“This sign means you are coming to a railroad crossing. Always look both sides and listen carefully to be sure no train is coming from either direction before you go across the tracks.”可知你应该确保在你穿过轨道之前没有火车开过来。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据“Some railroad crossings which don’t have gates may have this sign”可知一些没有大门的铁路道口可能有这个标志。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据“Be careful when crossing road tracks:”以及“You can’t play, run, skate or ride a bike on the railroad”可知，在铁路上玩耍、跑步或骑自行车都很危险。故选C。
27．C 28．D 29．A 30．B

【导语】本文主要解释了为什么我们对时间有某种错觉。最后总结时间是神秘的，我们无法控制，最好的方式是用好每一分钟。
27．细节理解题。根据“We often find that weekends and holidays feel so short while classes and work feel so long.”可知，课和工作使得时间感觉很长。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“As a result, we are able to remember far more details (细节) over a short period of time”可知，我们会记住很多细节，而不是忘记。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据“That’s because the best amount of time for a nap is 20 minutes.”可知，20分钟是最好的。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据“when we are enjoying ourselves, we pay more attention to what we are doing and are likely to lose track of (失去对……的意识) time.”可知，当玩得开心时，失去了时间意识。故选B。
31．C 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．A

【导语】本文主要介绍了进行自我反思的方法。
31．细节理解题。由第一段“while others do it in the way of writing something, like keeping a diary or writing notes of some kind.”知，如果你写反思日记，那意味着你是通过写来进行自我反思的，故选C。
32．推理判断题。由第二段“School textbooks are often divided into units of study”和“Using those natural breaks above as chances to reflect is a good way.”知，学校课本被分成单元是利用自然的休息机会来进行反思，故选B。
33．细节理解题。由第三段“First, you can write down some notes on things that you learned in this unit that you did not know before you began”知，当记笔记或反思日记时，首先应该写下一些你不知道的笔记，故选C。
34．词句猜测题。由句中“help you remember to...answers”知，此处是说写下你的问题可以帮助你记住当你再次遇到相同的话题时去寻找答案，“seek”的意思是寻找，弄明白，故选D。
35．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了进行自我反思的方法，故选A。
36．reaching several various goals 37．being satisfied 38．How to help people learn. 39．In fact, different people have different ideas about success. 40．但大多数成功都与变得富有、出名和在工作中受到尊重有关。

【分析】文章大意：不同的人对成功有不同的想法，作者就此发表了自己的看法，并发表了如何达到对生活和事业满足感的看法。
36．根据“Many of us place great value on performance, on achievements, or on reaching several various goals”可知，我们中的许多人都非常看重表现、成就或达到几个不同的目标，故填reaching several various goals。
37．根据“Being successful could mean simply being satisfied with oneself and one’s career”可知，成功可能仅仅意味着对自己和自己的事业感到满意，故填being satisfied。
38．根据“ successful teachers are people who know how to help people learn”可知，成功的老师是知道如何帮助别人学习的人，故填How to help people learn.
39．根据“In fact, different people have different ideas about success”可知，不同的人对成功有不同的想法，作者就此发表了自己的看法，故填In fact, different people have different ideas about success.
40．but“但是”；most success“大部分成功”；has something to do with“与……有关”；becoming rich“变得富有”；famous“出名的”；being respected at work“在工作中受到尊重”，故填：但大多数成功都与变得富有、出名和在工作中受到尊重有关。

41．in 42．seriously 43．had 44．as 45．difference 46．when 47．them 48．how 49．are allowed 50．exciting

【导语】本文主要介绍了游乐场所的安全性及孩子们面对危险时的自我保护意识。

41．句意：大多数安全规则是在20世纪80年代操场上发生几起事故后制定的。此处缺少介词，“the 1980s”表示“20世纪80年代”，用介词in。故填in。

42．句意：一些孩子在这些事故中受了重伤。此处缺少副词修饰动词hurt，serious是形容词，副词形式是seriously。故填seriously。

43．句意：他们的父母说游乐场不够安全，游乐场的主人不得不向这些父母支付很多钱。have to表示“不得不”，根据“Their parents said the playgrounds weren’t safe enough”可知时态应该用一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填had。

44．句意：在那之后，学校和城市开始改变游乐场，使其尽可能安全。as...as possible“尽可能……”，固定句式。故填as。

45．句意：但安全的游乐场并没有对事故产生真正的影响。make a difference有影响，固定短语。故填difference。

46．句意：一些专家认为，这是因为只有当孩子处于危险之中时，他们才能学会小心。此处缺少引导词，连接前后两个分句，结合语境可知when引导的时间状语从句符合。故填when 。

47．句意：那些东西可以教会他们如何保障安全。teach是动词，后面跟代词宾格形式。故填them。

48．句意：当孩子们发生小事故时，他们会学会如何避免更严重的事故。learn how to do sth.“学习如何做某事”。故填how。

49．句意：如果允许孩子们承担一些风险，他们就能变得自信和独立。主语children与动词allow之间是被动关系，if引导条件状语从句，时态为一般现在时，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are allowed。

50．句意：他们说，如果游乐场更具挑战性和刺激性，孩子们可能会得到更多的锻炼。playgrounds作主语，指“物”，“and”连接两个并列结构，根据“challenging”可知此处用exciting。故填exciting。

51．Do you like basketball
【详解】根据所给词及标点可知，此句为一般疑问句。助动词do置于句首；you为主语；like作谓语；basketball作宾语。故填Do you like basketball“你喜欢篮球吗”。
52．Basketballs can bring us lots of fun
【详解】根据所给词汇及标点可知，这是一个陈述句。basketballs作主语；can bring作谓语；us和lots of fun作宾语，us为间接宾语，lots of fun作直接宾语，bring sb. sth.“带给某人某物”。故填Basketballs can bring us lots of fun“篮球可以给我们带来很多乐趣”。
53．Our team is playing against Team Red/Team Red is playing against our team
【详解】根据标点可知，本句是陈述句，Our team或Team Red可作主语，也可作宾语； is playing against 是谓语部分，against后跟宾语。故填Our team is playing against Team Red“我们队正在和红队比赛”/Team Red is playing against our team“红队正在和我们队比赛”。
54．How exciting the match is
【详解】根据所给标点可知，此句是感叹句。应用how+形容词+主语+谓语。exciting是形容词；the match作主语；is作谓语。故填 How exciting the match is“这场比赛多么激动人心啊”。
55．I suppose we will win
【详解】根据所给标点符号可知，本句是陈述句。I作主语；suppose作谓语，后加省略that的宾语从句；we作从句主语；will win作谓语。故填I suppose we will win“我想我们会赢”。
56．例文：
Dear Mike,
I’m told that you are facing so big an exam that you feel stressed and down. As a result, it has an influence on your study. As your friend, I’d like to offer you some suggestions.
First of all, you are supposed to relax yourself by taking exercise, listening to music and going for a walk. Meanwhile, you should have a healthy diet. Also, junk food will do harm to you, so you'd better eat less. Instead, eat more fruit and vegetables. At the same time, you must have plenty of sleep in order that you won’t feel sleepy in class. Therefore, your brain will be active as well. Above all, you’d better learn how to communicate. You can ask your parents and teachers for help when you have trouble and you can also share your happiness and sadness with your friends.
        Finally, I sincerely hope you can achieve success and keep healthy from the bottom of my heart.
Yours,
Tony
【详解】1.题干解读：该题目属于书信写作。在写作时应紧接开头继续写作，根据内容提示给迈克一些建议。
2.例文点评：例文主要用第二人称进行写作，主要采用一般现在时态来写作，讲述建议叙述完整且条理清晰。
3.高分亮点：
短语：as a result；first of all；are supposed to；taking exercise；listening to music; have a healthy diet; do harm to; at the same time; plenty of; above all; from the bottom of my heart。
句型：that引导的宾语从句；so…that…引导的结果状语从句；you are supposed to do和you should do表示建议的句子；in order that引导的目的状语从句。